awuo

tiawuo (first-person singular)
miawuo (first-person inclusive plural)
aawuo (exclusive first-person plural)
niawuo (second-person singular)
fiawuo (plural second-person)
iawuo (inanimate singular third-person)
diawuo (inanimate plural third-person)
maawuo (animate singular third-person)
diawuo (animate plural third-person)

(stative) Alternative form of awo (“long”)


au fi

(transitive, of mountains, etc.) to climb, ascend


ayo da pa

Alternative form of ayo da papa (“older sister”)


baabaa

tibaabaa (first-person singular)
mibaabaa (first-person inclusive plural)
abaabaa (exclusive first-person plural)
nibaabaa (second-person singular)
fibaabaa (plural second-person)
ibaabaa (inanimate singular third-person)
dibaabaa (inanimate plural third-person)
mabaabaa (animate singular third-person)
dibaabaa (animate plural third-person)


bafikir

tabafikir (first-person singular)
mabafikir (first-person inclusive plural)
abafikir (exclusive first-person plural)
nabafikir (second-person singular)
fabafikir (plural second-person)
ibafikir (inanimate singular third-person)
dabafikir (inanimate plural third-person)
ibafikir (animate singular third-person)
dabafikir (animate plural third-person)
nabafikir (imperative singular)
bafikir (imperative singular)
fabafikir (imperative plural)
bafikir (imperative plural)

From North Moluccan Malay, from Malay berpikir.


barenti

tabarenti (first-person singular)
mabarenti (first-person inclusive plural)
abarenti (exclusive first-person plural)
nabarenti (second-person singular)
fabarenti (plural second-person)
ibarenti (inanimate singular third-person)
dabarenti (inanimate plural third-person)
ibarenti (animate singular third-person)
dabarenti (animate plural third-person)
nabarenti (imperative singular)
barenti (imperative singular)
fabarenti (imperative plural)
barenti (imperative plural)

From North Moluccan Malay barenti, from Malay berhenti.


bebewi

tibebewi (first-person singular)
mibebewi (first-person inclusive plural)
abebewi (exclusive first-person plural)
nibebewi (second-person singular)
fibebewi (plural second-person)
ibebewi (inanimate singular third-person)
dibebewi (inanimate plural third-person)
mabebewi (animate singular third-person)
dibebewi (animate plural third-person)

(stative) alternative form of bebei (“angry”)


dijahiri

tidijahiri (first-person singular)
midijahiri (first-person inclusive plural)
adijahiri (exclusive first-person plural)
nidijahiri (second-person singular)
fidijahiri (plural second-person)
idijahiri (inanimate singular third-person)
didijahiri (inanimate plural third-person)
madijahiri (animate singular third-person)
didijahiri (animate plural third-person)


beebom

Cognate with Sawai kaleboben, Matbat bi³mbɔ¹²¹mpu, both meaning butterfly.


birbori

Vowel-varying reduplication of bori (“sharpen”).


bodok

tibodok (first-person singular)
mibodok (first-person inclusive plural)
abodok (exclusive first-person plural)
nibodok (second-person singular)
fibodok (plural second-person)
ibodok (inanimate singular third-person)
dibodok (inanimate plural third-person)
mabodok (animate singular third-person)
dibodok (animate plural third-person)


bolabola

tibolabola (first-person singular)
mibolabola (first-person inclusive plural)
abolabola (exclusive first-person plural)
nibolabola (second-person singular)
fibolabola (plural second-person)
ibolabola (inanimate singular third-person)
dibolabola (inanimate plural third-person)
mabolabola (animate singular third-person)
dibolabola (animate plural third-person)

(stative) to be lying down for a rest, but not asleep


bodo bosi

Literally, for one's belly to be swollen.

de ti bodo ibosi omo

I'm already stuffed (literally, “my belly is already swollen”)

(stative, possessed) to be full, stuffed


bungbangi

Possibly a vowel-varying reduplication of an unattested root *bangi.

da pala do bungbangi


efii

tiefii (first-person singular)
miefii (first-person inclusive plural)
aefii (exclusive first-person plural)
niefii (second-person singular)
fiefii (plural second-person)
iefii (inanimate singular third-person)
diefii (inanimate plural third-person)
maefii (animate singular third-person)
diefii (animate plural third-person)


efiwi

tiefiwi (first-person singular)
miefiwi (first-person inclusive plural)
aefiwi (exclusive first-person plural)
niefiwi (second-person singular)
fiefiwi (plural second-person)
iefiwi (inanimate singular third-person)
diefiwi (inanimate plural third-person)
maefiwi (animate singular third-person)
diefiwi (animate plural third-person)

(stative) alternative form of efii (“raw”)


fafu

tafafu (first-person singular)
mafafu (first-person inclusive plural)
afafu (exclusive first-person plural)
nafafu (second-person singular)
fafafu (plural second-person)
ifafu (inanimate singular third-person)
dafafu (inanimate plural third-person)
ifafu (animate singular third-person)
dafafu (animate plural third-person)
nafafu (imperative singular)
fafu (imperative singular)
fafafu (imperative plural)
fafu (imperative plural)


faae

tafaae (first-person singular)
mafaae (first-person inclusive plural)
afaae (exclusive first-person plural)
nafaae (second-person singular)
fafaae (plural second-person)
ifaae (inanimate singular third-person)
dafaae (inanimate plural third-person)
ifaae (animate singular third-person)
dafaae (animate plural third-person)
nafaae (imperative singular)
faae (imperative singular)
fafaae (imperative plural)
faae (imperative plural)

(transitive) Alternative form of fae (“to feed”)


fa-

fa- + abo (“to be wounded”) → faabo (“to wound (someone)”)

fa- + gei (“to be dead”) → fagei (“to kill”)

fa- + kou (“to break (intr.)”) → fokou (“to break (tr.)”)

fa- + dadi (“to become”) → fadadi (“to cause to become”)

fa- + milinga (“to think of, love”) → femilinga (“to make (someone) think of”)

derives causatives from intransitive and transitive verbs

fa- + carita (“story”) → facarita (“to tell (a story)”)

fa- + galeng (“to scold, berate”) → fagaleng (“to scold, berate each other”)

fa- + ruju (“to thump”) → foruju (“to thump each other”)


fa-

foco


faabo

tafaabo (first-person singular)
mafaabo (first-person inclusive plural)
afaabo (exclusive first-person plural)
nafaabo (second-person singular)
fafaabo (plural second-person)
ifaabo (inanimate singular third-person)
dafaabo (inanimate plural third-person)
ifaabo (animate singular third-person)
dafaabo (animate plural third-person)
nafaabo (imperative singular)
faabo (imperative singular)
fafaabo (imperative plural)
faabo (imperative plural)


facarita

tafacarita (first-person singular)
mafacarita (first-person inclusive plural)
afacarita (exclusive first-person plural)
nafacarita (second-person singular)
fafacarita (plural second-person)
ifacarita (inanimate singular third-person)
dafacarita (inanimate plural third-person)
ifacarita (animate singular third-person)
dafacarita (animate plural third-person)
nafacarita (imperative singular)
facarita (imperative singular)
fafacarita (imperative plural)
facarita (imperative plural)


fadadi

tafadadi (first-person singular)
mafadadi (first-person inclusive plural)
afadadi (exclusive first-person plural)
nafadadi (second-person singular)
fafadadi (plural second-person)
ifadadi (inanimate singular third-person)
dafadadi (inanimate plural third-person)
ifadadi (animate singular third-person)
dafadadi (animate plural third-person)
nafadadi (imperative singular)
fadadi (imperative singular)
fafadadi (imperative plural)
fadadi (imperative plural)


fagei

tafagei (first-person singular)
mafagei (first-person inclusive plural)
afagei (exclusive first-person plural)
nafagei (second-person singular)
fafagei (plural second-person)
ifagei (inanimate singular third-person)
dafagei (inanimate plural third-person)
ifagei (animate singular third-person)
dafagei (animate plural third-person)
nafagei (imperative singular)
fagei (imperative singular)
fafagei (imperative plural)
fagei (imperative plural)

From fa- (causative, transitivizer) + gei (“dead”). As the original form is gai, the expected prefixal form fe- does not surface.

af

(transitive, of a fire, etc.) to extinguish, put out


fajou

tafajou (first-person singular)
mafajou (first-person inclusive plural)
afajou (exclusive first-person plural)
nafajou (second-person singular)
fafajou (plural second-person)
ifajou (inanimate singular third-person)
dafajou (inanimate plural third-person)
ifajou (animate singular third-person)
dafajou (animate plural third-person)
nafajou (imperative singular)
fajou (imperative singular)
fafajou (imperative plural)
fajou (imperative plural)

From fa- + jou, the second element from Ternate jou (“lord”).


fakaeri

tafakaeri (first-person singular)
mafakaeri (first-person inclusive plural)
afakaeri (exclusive first-person plural)
nafakaeri (second-person singular)
fafakaeri (plural second-person)
ifakaeri (inanimate singular third-person)
dafakaeri (inanimate plural third-person)
ifakaeri (animate singular third-person)
dafakaeri (animate plural third-person)
nafakaeri (imperative singular)
fakaeri (imperative singular)
fafakaeri (imperative plural)
fakaeri (imperative plural)

(transitive) to scratch the ground for food (of chickens, etc.)


falaaki

tafalaaki (first-person singular)
mafalaaki (first-person inclusive plural)
afalaaki (exclusive first-person plural)
nafalaaki (second-person singular)
fafalaaki (plural second-person)
ifalaaki (inanimate singular third-person)
dafalaaki (inanimate plural third-person)
ifalaaki (animate singular third-person)
dafalaaki (animate plural third-person)
nafalaaki (imperative singular)
falaaki (imperative singular)
fafalaaki (imperative plural)
falaaki (imperative plural)

From fala- + an unattested root *aki, possibly related to Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqit.


fayangi

tifayangi (first-person singular)
mifayangi (first-person inclusive plural)
afayangi (exclusive first-person plural)
nifayangi (second-person singular)
fifayangi (plural second-person)
ifayangi (inanimate singular third-person)
difayangi (inanimate plural third-person)
mafayangi (animate singular third-person)
difayangi (animate plural third-person)


fayang

tifayang (first-person singular)
mifayang (first-person inclusive plural)
afayang (exclusive first-person plural)
nifayang (second-person singular)
fifayang (plural second-person)
ifayang (inanimate singular third-person)
difayang (inanimate plural third-person)
mafayang (animate singular third-person)
difayang (animate plural third-person)

(stative) Alternative form of fayangi (“light”)


febe

tefebe (first-person singular)
mefebe (first-person inclusive plural)
afebe (exclusive first-person plural)
nefebe (second-person singular)
fefebe (plural second-person)
ifebe (inanimate singular third-person)
defebe (inanimate plural third-person)
ifebe (animate singular third-person)
defebe (animate plural third-person)
nefebe (imperative singular)
febe (imperative singular)
fefebe (imperative plural)
febe (imperative plural)


felei

tefelei (first-person singular)
mefelei (first-person inclusive plural)
afelei (exclusive first-person plural)
nefelei (second-person singular)
fefelei (plural second-person)
ifelei (inanimate singular third-person)
defelei (inanimate plural third-person)
ifelei (animate singular third-person)
defelei (animate plural third-person)
nefelei (imperative singular)
felei (imperative singular)
fefelei (imperative plural)
felei (imperative plural)

From fe- + lei. For the second element, compare leilei (“a (bamboo) lice crusher”).


mefe-

Possibly related to Ternate maku-; note the irregular form mofu-.

mefe- + kerekiri (“to tickle”) → mefekerekiri (“to tickle each other”)

mefe- + isi (“to kiss”) → mefeisi (“to kiss each other”)

mefe- + mete (“to follow”) → mofumete (“to go together, accompany each other”)


fiogo

tifiogo (first-person singular)
mifiogo (first-person inclusive plural)
afiogo (exclusive first-person plural)
nifiogo (second-person singular)
fifiogo (plural second-person)
ifiogo (inanimate singular third-person)
difiogo (inanimate plural third-person)
mafiogo (animate singular third-person)
difiogo (animate plural third-person)

Possibly from fi- (semantic extender) + ogo (“to put”).


fofu

tifofu (first-person singular)
mifofu (first-person inclusive plural)
afofu (exclusive first-person plural)
nifofu (second-person singular)
fifofu (plural second-person)
ifofu (inanimate singular third-person)
difofu (inanimate plural third-person)
mafofu (animate singular third-person)
difofu (animate plural third-person)


fala-

Compared by Collins to Asilulu pala-, also a habitual prefix.

fala- + bori (“to sharpen”) → folobori (“to sharpen (likely of a continuous nature)”)

fala- + jejela (“a broom”) → felejela (“to sweep”)

fala- + udu (“to blow”) → foloudu (“to smoke (cigarettes, etc.)”)

derives verbs of continuous/habitual activity


folowuju

tofolowuju (first-person singular)
mofolowuju (first-person inclusive plural)
afolowuju (exclusive first-person plural)
nofolowuju (second-person singular)
fofolowuju (plural second-person)
ifolowuju (inanimate singular third-person)
dofolowuju (inanimate plural third-person)
ifolowuju (animate singular third-person)
dofolowuju (animate plural third-person)
nofolowuju (imperative singular)
folowuju (imperative singular)
fofolowuju (imperative plural)
folowuju (imperative plural)

(transitive) alternative form of folouju (“to wash clothes”)


folouju

tofolouju (first-person singular)
mofolouju (first-person inclusive plural)
afolouju (exclusive first-person plural)
nofolouju (second-person singular)
fofolouju (plural second-person)
ifolouju (inanimate singular third-person)
dofolouju (inanimate plural third-person)
ifolouju (animate singular third-person)
dofolouju (animate plural third-person)
nofolouju (imperative singular)
folouju (imperative singular)
fofolouju (imperative plural)
folouju (imperative plural)

From folo- (continuous/habitual marker) + uju, with the second element from Ternate uju (“to wash clothes”).


folosoma

tofolosoma (first-person singular)
mofolosoma (first-person inclusive plural)
afolosoma (exclusive first-person plural)
nofolosoma (second-person singular)
fofolosoma (plural second-person)
ifolosoma (inanimate singular third-person)
dofolosoma (inanimate plural third-person)
ifolosoma (animate singular third-person)
dofolosoma (animate plural third-person)
nofolosoma (imperative singular)
folosoma (imperative singular)
fofolosoma (imperative plural)
folosoma (imperative plural)

(transitive, folosoma pe) to send (a letter to someone)


fatola

tafatola (first-person singular)
mafatola (first-person inclusive plural)
afatola (exclusive first-person plural)
nafatola (second-person singular)
fafatola (plural second-person)
ifatola (inanimate singular third-person)
dafatola (inanimate plural third-person)
ifatola (animate singular third-person)
dafatola (animate plural third-person)
nafatola (imperative singular)
fatola (imperative singular)
fafatola (imperative plural)
fatola (imperative plural)

Possibly related to Ternate tola (“to break”).

(transitive, of earthenware) to break, to shatter


fotola

tofotola (first-person singular)
mofotola (first-person inclusive plural)
afotola (exclusive first-person plural)
nofotola (second-person singular)
fofotola (plural second-person)
ifotola (inanimate singular third-person)
dofotola (inanimate plural third-person)
ifotola (animate singular third-person)
dofotola (animate plural third-person)
nofotola (imperative singular)
fotola (imperative singular)
fofotola (imperative plural)
fotola (imperative plural)

(transitive) alternative form of fatola (“to break earthenware”)


galeng

tagaleng (first-person singular)
magaleng (first-person inclusive plural)
agaleng (exclusive first-person plural)
nagaleng (second-person singular)
fagaleng (plural second-person)
igaleng (inanimate singular third-person)
dagaleng (inanimate plural third-person)
igaleng (animate singular third-person)
dagaleng (animate plural third-person)
nagaleng (imperative singular)
galeng (imperative singular)
fagaleng (imperative plural)
galeng (imperative plural)


fagaleng

tafagaleng (first-person singular)
mafagaleng (first-person inclusive plural)
afagaleng (exclusive first-person plural)
nafagaleng (second-person singular)
fafagaleng (plural second-person)
ifagaleng (inanimate singular third-person)
dafagaleng (inanimate plural third-person)
ifagaleng (animate singular third-person)
dafagaleng (animate plural third-person)
nafagaleng (imperative singular)
fagaleng (imperative singular)
fafagaleng (imperative plural)
fagaleng (imperative plural)

From fa- (reciprocalizer) + galeng (“to scold, berate”).

(transitive) to scold, berate each other


galof

tagalof (first-person singular)
magalof (first-person inclusive plural)
agalof (exclusive first-person plural)
nagalof (second-person singular)
fagalof (plural second-person)
igalof (inanimate singular third-person)
dagalof (inanimate plural third-person)
igalof (animate singular third-person)
dagalof (animate plural third-person)
nagalof (imperative singular)
galof (imperative singular)
fagalof (imperative plural)
galof (imperative plural)


gamati

tigamati (first-person singular)
migamati (first-person inclusive plural)
agamati (exclusive first-person plural)
nigamati (second-person singular)
figamati (plural second-person)
igamati (inanimate singular third-person)
digamati (inanimate plural third-person)
magamati (animate singular third-person)
digamati (animate plural third-person)

(stative, of something previously hot) to be cooled down, cooled off


gopo

tigopo (first-person singular)
migopo (first-person inclusive plural)
agopo (exclusive first-person plural)
nigopo (second-person singular)
figopo (plural second-person)
igopo (inanimate singular third-person)
digopo (inanimate plural third-person)
magopo (animate singular third-person)
digopo (animate plural third-person)


fai do gua

Literally, the buttocks of the shoulder.


gunange

the green tree ant (Oecophylla smaragdina)


mefeisi

temefeisi (first-person singular)
memefeisi (first-person inclusive plural)
amefeisi (exclusive first-person plural)
nemefeisi (second-person singular)
femefeisi (plural second-person)
imefeisi (inanimate singular third-person)
demefeisi (inanimate plural third-person)
imefeisi (animate singular third-person)
demefeisi (animate plural third-person)
nemefeisi (imperative singular)
mefeisi (imperative singular)
femefeisi (imperative plural)
mefeisi (imperative plural)

From mefe- (reciprocalizer) + isi (“to kiss”).


jajou

tajajou (first-person singular)
majajou (first-person inclusive plural)
ajajou (exclusive first-person plural)
najajou (second-person singular)
fajajou (plural second-person)
ijajou (inanimate singular third-person)
dajajou (inanimate plural third-person)
ijajou (animate singular third-person)
dajajou (animate plural third-person)
najajou (imperative singular)
jajou (imperative singular)
fajajou (imperative plural)
jajou (imperative plural)


joube

tojoube (first-person singular)
mojoube (first-person inclusive plural)
ajoube (exclusive first-person plural)
nojoube (second-person singular)
fojoube (plural second-person)
ijoube (inanimate singular third-person)
dojoube (inanimate plural third-person)
ijoube (animate singular third-person)
dojoube (animate plural third-person)
nojoube (imperative singular)
joube (imperative singular)
fojoube (imperative plural)
joube (imperative plural)

From jou (politeness morpheme) + be (“water”).


kafiti

tikafiti (first-person singular)
mikafiti (first-person inclusive plural)
akafiti (exclusive first-person plural)
nikafiti (second-person singular)
fikafiti (plural second-person)
ikafiti (inanimate singular third-person)
dikafiti (inanimate plural third-person)
makafiti (animate singular third-person)
dikafiti (animate plural third-person)


kailome

takailome (first-person singular)
makailome (first-person inclusive plural)
akailome (exclusive first-person plural)
nakailome (second-person singular)
fakailome (plural second-person)
ikailome (inanimate singular third-person)
dakailome (inanimate plural third-person)
ikailome (animate singular third-person)
dakailome (animate plural third-person)
nakailome (imperative singular)
kailome (imperative singular)
fakailome (imperative plural)
kailome (imperative plural)

(intransitive) to lie on one's front, on one's stomach


kakawi

tikakawi (first-person singular)
mikakawi (first-person inclusive plural)
akakawi (exclusive first-person plural)
nikakawi (second-person singular)
fikakawi (plural second-person)
ikakawi (inanimate singular third-person)
dikakawi (inanimate plural third-person)
makakawi (animate singular third-person)
dikakawi (animate plural third-person)


katoba

tikatoba (first-person singular)
mikatoba (first-person inclusive plural)
akatoba (exclusive first-person plural)
nikatoba (second-person singular)
fikatoba (plural second-person)
ikatoba (inanimate singular third-person)
dikatoba (inanimate plural third-person)
makatoba (animate singular third-person)
dikatoba (animate plural third-person)


kauwa

takauwa (first-person singular)
makauwa (first-person inclusive plural)
akauwa (exclusive first-person plural)
nakauwa (second-person singular)
fakauwa (plural second-person)
ikauwa (inanimate singular third-person)
dakauwa (inanimate plural third-person)
ikauwa (animate singular third-person)
dakauwa (animate plural third-person)
nakauwa (imperative singular)
kauwa (imperative singular)
fakauwa (imperative plural)
kauwa (imperative plural)


kerekiri

tekerekiri (first-person singular)
mekerekiri (first-person inclusive plural)
akerekiri (exclusive first-person plural)
nekerekiri (second-person singular)
fekerekiri (plural second-person)
ikerekiri (inanimate singular third-person)
dekerekiri (inanimate plural third-person)
ikerekiri (animate singular third-person)
dekerekiri (animate plural third-person)
nekerekiri (imperative singular)
kerekiri (imperative singular)
fekerekiri (imperative plural)
kerekiri (imperative plural)


komudu

tikomudu (first-person singular)
mikomudu (first-person inclusive plural)
akomudu (exclusive first-person plural)
nikomudu (second-person singular)
fikomudu (plural second-person)
ikomudu (inanimate singular third-person)
dikomudu (inanimate plural third-person)
makomudu (animate singular third-person)
dikomudu (animate plural third-person)

Said by Voorhoeve to be from East Makian [Term?].


fokou

tofokou (first-person singular)
mofokou (first-person inclusive plural)
afokou (exclusive first-person plural)
nofokou (second-person singular)
fofokou (plural second-person)
ifokou (inanimate singular third-person)
dofokou (inanimate plural third-person)
ifokou (animate singular third-person)
dofokou (animate plural third-person)
nofokou (imperative singular)
fokou (imperative singular)
fofokou (imperative plural)
fokou (imperative plural)

From fo- (transitivizer) + kou (“to break (intr.)”).

(transitive, specifically of wood) to break


lalus

tilalus (first-person singular)
milalus (first-person inclusive plural)
alalus (exclusive first-person plural)
nilalus (second-person singular)
filalus (plural second-person)
ilalus (inanimate singular third-person)
dilalus (inanimate plural third-person)
malalus (animate singular third-person)
dilalus (animate plural third-person)


lalati

Suggested by Voorhoeve to be from East Makian [Term?].


lalou

talalou (first-person singular)
malalou (first-person inclusive plural)
alalou (exclusive first-person plural)
nalalou (second-person singular)
falalou (plural second-person)
ilalou (inanimate singular third-person)
dalalou (inanimate plural third-person)
ilalou (animate singular third-person)
dalalou (animate plural third-person)
nalalou (imperative singular)
lalou (imperative singular)
falalou (imperative plural)
lalou (imperative plural)


langalongi

Said by Voorhoeve to be a vowel-varying reduplication of an unattested root *longi.


liala

teliala (first-person singular)
meliala (first-person inclusive plural)
aliala (exclusive first-person plural)
neliala (second-person singular)
feliala (plural second-person)
iliala (inanimate singular third-person)
deliala (inanimate plural third-person)
iliala (animate singular third-person)
deliala (animate plural third-person)
niliala (imperative singular)
liala (imperative singular)
filiala (imperative plural)
liala (imperative plural)


lilipo

Alternative form of lilipong (“housefly”)


likokawi

tilikokawi (first-person singular)
milikokawi (first-person inclusive plural)
alikokawi (exclusive first-person plural)
nilikokawi (second-person singular)
filikokawi (plural second-person)
ilikokawi (inanimate singular third-person)
dilikokawi (inanimate plural third-person)
malikokawi (animate singular third-person)
dilikokawi (animate plural third-person)

(stative) to be winding (of a path, etc.)


lolupa

tilolupa (first-person singular)
milolupa (first-person inclusive plural)
alolupa (exclusive first-person plural)
nilolupa (second-person singular)
filolupa (plural second-person)
ilolupa (inanimate singular third-person)
dilolupa (inanimate plural third-person)
malolupa (animate singular third-person)
dilolupa (animate plural third-person)


gilit loto

de ti gilit iloto

I am thirsty (literally, “my neck is dry”)


lukaman

tilukaman (first-person singular)
milukaman (first-person inclusive plural)
alukaman (exclusive first-person plural)
nilukaman (second-person singular)
filukaman (plural second-person)
ilukaman (inanimate singular third-person)
dilukaman (inanimate plural third-person)
malukaman (animate singular third-person)
dilukaman (animate plural third-person)


magol

timagol (first-person singular)
mimagol (first-person inclusive plural)
amagol (exclusive first-person plural)
nimagol (second-person singular)
fimagol (plural second-person)
imagol (inanimate singular third-person)
dimagol (inanimate plural third-person)
mamagol (animate singular third-person)
dimagol (animate plural third-person)

(stative) to be large (of long objects such as canoes, trees, etc.)


malawan

timalawan (first-person singular)
mimalawan (first-person inclusive plural)
amalawan (exclusive first-person plural)
nimalawan (second-person singular)
fimalawan (plural second-person)
imalawan (inanimate singular third-person)
dimalawan (inanimate plural third-person)
mamalawan (animate singular third-person)
dimalawan (animate plural third-person)


maulu

timaulu (first-person singular)
mimaulu (first-person inclusive plural)
amaulu (exclusive first-person plural)
nimaulu (second-person singular)
fimaulu (plural second-person)
imaulu (inanimate singular third-person)
dimaulu (inanimate plural third-person)
mamaulu (animate singular third-person)
dimaulu (animate plural third-person)


mawiji

timawiji (first-person singular)
mimawiji (first-person inclusive plural)
amawiji (exclusive first-person plural)
nimawiji (second-person singular)
fimawiji (plural second-person)
imawiji (inanimate singular third-person)
dimawiji (inanimate plural third-person)
mamawiji (animate singular third-person)
dimawiji (animate plural third-person)

Possibly spurious; this may simply be the 3rd person animate conjugation of wiji (“to be cold, to shiver”), in reference to malaria chills.


milinga

temilinga (first-person singular)
memilinga (first-person inclusive plural)
amilinga (exclusive first-person plural)
nemilinga (second-person singular)
femilinga (plural second-person)
imilinga (inanimate singular third-person)
demilinga (inanimate plural third-person)
imilinga (animate singular third-person)
demilinga (animate plural third-person)
nimilinga (imperative singular)
milinga (imperative singular)
fimilinga (imperative plural)
milinga (imperative plural)

Likely cognate to Sahu 'elingi, Ternate eli.


femilinga

tefemilinga (first-person singular)
mefemilinga (first-person inclusive plural)
afemilinga (exclusive first-person plural)
nefemilinga (second-person singular)
fefemilinga (plural second-person)
ifemilinga (inanimate singular third-person)
defemilinga (inanimate plural third-person)
ifemilinga (animate singular third-person)
defemilinga (animate plural third-person)
nefemilinga (imperative singular)
femilinga (imperative singular)
fefemilinga (imperative plural)
femilinga (imperative plural)

From fe- (causative) + milinga (“to think of”).

(transitive) to instruct someone to do something


mofumete

tomofumete (first-person singular)
momofumete (first-person inclusive plural)
amofumete (exclusive first-person plural)
nomofumete (second-person singular)
fomofumete (plural second-person)
imofumete (inanimate singular third-person)
domofumete (inanimate plural third-person)
imofumete (animate singular third-person)
domofumete (animate plural third-person)
nomofumete (imperative singular)
mofumete (imperative singular)
fomofumete (imperative plural)
mofumete (imperative plural)

Possibly from an altered form of mefe- (reciprocalizer) + mete (“to follow”).

(transitive) to go together, accompany each other


momua

timomua (first-person singular)
mimomua (first-person inclusive plural)
amomua (exclusive first-person plural)
nimomua (second-person singular)
fimomua (plural second-person)
imomua (inanimate singular third-person)
dimomua (inanimate plural third-person)
mamomua (animate singular third-person)
dimomua (animate plural third-person)

gelas do momua


maramari

Alternative form of murmari (“blue fly”)


ngursa

tngursa (first-person singular)
mngursa (first-person inclusive plural)
angursa (exclusive first-person plural)
nngursa (second-person singular)
fngursa (plural second-person)
ingursa (inanimate singular third-person)
dngursa (inanimate plural third-person)
ingursa (animate singular third-person)
dngursa (animate plural third-person)
nngursa (imperative singular)
ngursa (imperative singular)
fngursa (imperative plural)
ngursa (imperative plural)


ofat

tiofat (first-person singular)
miofat (first-person inclusive plural)
aofat (exclusive first-person plural)
niofat (second-person singular)
fiofat (plural second-person)
iofat (inanimate singular third-person)
diofat (inanimate plural third-person)
maofat (animate singular third-person)
diofat (animate plural third-person)


wofat

tiwofat (first-person singular)
miwofat (first-person inclusive plural)
awofat (exclusive first-person plural)
niwofat (second-person singular)
fiwofat (plural second-person)
iwofat (inanimate singular third-person)
diwofat (inanimate plural third-person)
mawofat (animate singular third-person)
diwofat (animate plural third-person)

(stative) alternative form of ofat (“wide”)


oso fete

Literally, tree cassava, to distinguish from other uses of oso.


painge

tapainge (first-person singular)
mapainge (first-person inclusive plural)
apainge (exclusive first-person plural)
napainge (second-person singular)
fapainge (plural second-person)
ipainge (inanimate singular third-person)
dapainge (inanimate plural third-person)
ipainge (animate singular third-person)
dapainge (animate plural third-person)
napainge (imperative singular)
painge (imperative singular)
fapainge (imperative plural)
painge (imperative plural)


fapasi

tafapasi (first-person singular)
mafapasi (first-person inclusive plural)
afapasi (exclusive first-person plural)
nafapasi (second-person singular)
fafapasi (plural second-person)
ifapasi (inanimate singular third-person)
dafapasi (inanimate plural third-person)
ifapasi (animate singular third-person)
dafapasi (animate plural third-person)
nafapasi (imperative singular)
fapasi (imperative singular)
fafapasi (imperative plural)
fapasi (imperative plural)

From fa- (reciprocalizer) + pasi (“to fight”).


perepiri

Said by Voorhoeve to be a vowel-varying reduplication of an unattested root *piri.


pongol

tipongol (first-person singular)
mipongol (first-person inclusive plural)
apongol (exclusive first-person plural)
nipongol (second-person singular)
fipongol (plural second-person)
ipongol (inanimate singular third-person)
dipongol (inanimate plural third-person)
mapongol (animate singular third-person)
dipongol (animate plural third-person)


rerre

tererre (first-person singular)
mererre (first-person inclusive plural)
arerre (exclusive first-person plural)
nererre (second-person singular)
fererre (plural second-person)
irerre (inanimate singular third-person)
dererre (inanimate plural third-person)
irerre (animate singular third-person)
dererre (animate plural third-person)
nererre (imperative singular)
rerre (imperative singular)
fererre (imperative plural)
rerre (imperative plural)


faruju

tafaruju (first-person singular)
mafaruju (first-person inclusive plural)
afaruju (exclusive first-person plural)
nafaruju (second-person singular)
fafaruju (plural second-person)
ifaruju (inanimate singular third-person)
dafaruju (inanimate plural third-person)
ifaruju (animate singular third-person)
dafaruju (animate plural third-person)
nafaruju (imperative singular)
faruju (imperative singular)
fafaruju (imperative plural)
faruju (imperative plural)

From fa- (reciprocalizer) + ruju (“to thump”).


saawa

Compare Tagalog sawa (“boa, python, large snake”).


safat

Cognate with Ternate saha, Sahu sata, and possibly East Makian sahat (“slap”).


sasafo

tisasafo (first-person singular)
misasafo (first-person inclusive plural)
asasafo (exclusive first-person plural)
nisasafo (second-person singular)
fisasafo (plural second-person)
isasafo (inanimate singular third-person)
disasafo (inanimate plural third-person)
masasafo (animate singular third-person)
disasafo (animate plural third-person)

win isasafo

de tisasafo


sauramu

Cognate with Ternate suramo, Pagu sauramo (“fog, cloud”).


sirero

tesirero (first-person singular)
mesirero (first-person inclusive plural)
asirero (exclusive first-person plural)
nesirero (second-person singular)
fesirero (plural second-person)
isirero (inanimate singular third-person)
desirero (inanimate plural third-person)
isirero (animate singular third-person)
desirero (animate plural third-person)
nisirero (imperative singular)
sirero (imperative singular)
fisirero (imperative plural)
sirero (imperative plural)


serero

teserero (first-person singular)
meserero (first-person inclusive plural)
aserero (exclusive first-person plural)
neserero (second-person singular)
feserero (plural second-person)
iserero (inanimate singular third-person)
deserero (inanimate plural third-person)
iserero (animate singular third-person)
deserero (animate plural third-person)
neserero (imperative singular)
serero (imperative singular)
feserero (imperative plural)
serero (imperative plural)

(intransitive) alternative form of sirero (“to run away”)


sesifil

tisesifil (first-person singular)
misesifil (first-person inclusive plural)
asesifil (exclusive first-person plural)
nisesifil (second-person singular)
fisesifil (plural second-person)
isesifil (inanimate singular third-person)
disesifil (inanimate plural third-person)
masesifil (animate singular third-person)
disesifil (animate plural third-person)


sisifil

tisisifil (first-person singular)
misisifil (first-person inclusive plural)
asisifil (exclusive first-person plural)
nisisifil (second-person singular)
fisisifil (plural second-person)
isisifil (inanimate singular third-person)
disisifil (inanimate plural third-person)
masisifil (animate singular third-person)
disisifil (animate plural third-person)

(stative) alternative form of sesifil (“slippery”)


sibato

tesibato (first-person singular)
mesibato (first-person inclusive plural)
asibato (exclusive first-person plural)
nesibato (second-person singular)
fesibato (plural second-person)
isibato (inanimate singular third-person)
desibato (inanimate plural third-person)
isibato (animate singular third-person)
desibato (animate plural third-person)
nisibato (imperative singular)
sibato (imperative singular)
fisibato (imperative plural)
sibato (imperative plural)


sinaot

tisinaot (first-person singular)
misinaot (first-person inclusive plural)
asinaot (exclusive first-person plural)
nisinaot (second-person singular)
fisinaot (plural second-person)
isinaot (inanimate singular third-person)
disinaot (inanimate plural third-person)
masinaot (animate singular third-person)
disinaot (animate plural third-person)


sinao

tisinao (first-person singular)
misinao (first-person inclusive plural)
asinao (exclusive first-person plural)
nisinao (second-person singular)
fisinao (plural second-person)
isinao (inanimate singular third-person)
disinao (inanimate plural third-person)
masinao (animate singular third-person)
disinao (animate plural third-person)

(stative) alternative form of sinaot (“narrow, small”)


sitao

tesitao (first-person singular)
mesitao (first-person inclusive plural)
asitao (exclusive first-person plural)
nesitao (second-person singular)
fesitao (plural second-person)
isitao (inanimate singular third-person)
desitao (inanimate plural third-person)
isitao (animate singular third-person)
desitao (animate plural third-person)
nisitao (imperative singular)
sitao (imperative singular)
fisitao (imperative plural)
sitao (imperative plural)


sodulo

tosodulo (first-person singular)
mosodulo (first-person inclusive plural)
asodulo (exclusive first-person plural)
nosodulo (second-person singular)
fosodulo (plural second-person)
isodulo (inanimate singular third-person)
dosodulo (inanimate plural third-person)
isodulo (animate singular third-person)
dosodulo (animate plural third-person)
nosodulo (imperative singular)
sodulo (imperative singular)
fosodulo (imperative plural)
sodulo (imperative plural)


sosodik

Perhaps ultimately from Indonesian sendok.


sufala

tisufala (first-person singular)
misufala (first-person inclusive plural)
asufala (exclusive first-person plural)
nisufala (second-person singular)
fisufala (plural second-person)
isufala (inanimate singular third-person)
disufala (inanimate plural third-person)
masufala (animate singular third-person)
disufala (animate plural third-person)

Compare Ternate safala, cafala (“diligent”).


tapoke

titapoke (first-person singular)
mitapoke (first-person inclusive plural)
atapoke (exclusive first-person plural)
nitapoke (second-person singular)
fitapoke (plural second-person)
itapoke (inanimate singular third-person)
ditapoke (inanimate plural third-person)
matapoke (animate singular third-person)
ditapoke (animate plural third-person)


tarotaro

(informal)


tebel

tetebel (first-person singular)
metebel (first-person inclusive plural)
atebel (exclusive first-person plural)
netebel (second-person singular)
fetebel (plural second-person)
itebel (inanimate singular third-person)
detebel (inanimate plural third-person)
itebel (animate singular third-person)
detebel (animate plural third-person)
netebel (imperative singular)
tebel (imperative singular)
fetebel (imperative plural)
tebel (imperative plural)


tedengi

Alternative form of tedengingi (“chest”)


telida

titelida (first-person singular)
mitelida (first-person inclusive plural)
atelida (exclusive first-person plural)
nitelida (second-person singular)
fitelida (plural second-person)
itelida (inanimate singular third-person)
ditelida (inanimate plural third-person)
matelida (animate singular third-person)
ditelida (animate plural third-person)


fiteng

tefiteng (first-person singular)
mefiteng (first-person inclusive plural)
afiteng (exclusive first-person plural)
nefiteng (second-person singular)
fefiteng (plural second-person)
ifiteng (inanimate singular third-person)
defiteng (inanimate plural third-person)
ifiteng (animate singular third-person)
defiteng (animate plural third-person)
nifiteng (imperative singular)
fiteng (imperative singular)
fifiteng (imperative plural)
fiteng (imperative plural)

ifiteng eme

(ditransitive) to tell, to say to (someone)


tougu

titougu (first-person singular)
mitougu (first-person inclusive plural)
atougu (exclusive first-person plural)
nitougu (second-person singular)
fitougu (plural second-person)
itougu (inanimate singular third-person)
ditougu (inanimate plural third-person)
matougu (animate singular third-person)
ditougu (animate plural third-person)


tupam

Cognate with Ternate tufa (“sky”) and possibly Loloda diwama.


ujuf

toujuf (first-person singular)
moujuf (first-person inclusive plural)
aujuf (exclusive first-person plural)
noujuf (second-person singular)
foujuf (plural second-person)
iujuf (inanimate singular third-person)
doujuf (inanimate plural third-person)
iujuf (animate singular third-person)
doujuf (animate plural third-person)
nuujuf (imperative singular)
ujuf (imperative singular)
fuujuf (imperative plural)
ujuf (imperative plural)


wakis

tawakis (first-person singular)
mawakis (first-person inclusive plural)
awakis (exclusive first-person plural)
nawakis (second-person singular)
fawakis (plural second-person)
iwakis (inanimate singular third-person)
dawakis (inanimate plural third-person)
iwakis (animate singular third-person)
dawakis (animate plural third-person)
nawakis (imperative singular)
wakis (imperative singular)
fawakis (imperative plural)
wakis (imperative plural)

(transitive) to hit or strike with the hand; to beat


wawau

tawawau (first-person singular)
mawawau (first-person inclusive plural)
awawau (exclusive first-person plural)
nawawau (second-person singular)
fawawau (plural second-person)
iwawau (inanimate singular third-person)
dawawau (inanimate plural third-person)
iwawau (animate singular third-person)
dawawau (animate plural third-person)
nawawau (imperative singular)
wawau (imperative singular)
fawawau (imperative plural)
wawau (imperative plural)

(intransitive) alternative form of wao (“to play”)


wolot

Cognate with Ternate ngolo, East Makian wolat.


yakor

tayakor (first-person singular)
mayakor (first-person inclusive plural)
ayakor (exclusive first-person plural)
nayakor (second-person singular)
fayakor (plural second-person)
iyakor (inanimate singular third-person)
dayakor (inanimate plural third-person)
iyakor (animate singular third-person)
dayakor (animate plural third-person)
nayakor (imperative singular)
yakor (imperative singular)
fayakor (imperative plural)
yakor (imperative plural)


yekor

teyekor (first-person singular)
meyekor (first-person inclusive plural)
ayekor (exclusive first-person plural)
neyekor (second-person singular)
feyekor (plural second-person)
iyekor (inanimate singular third-person)
deyekor (inanimate plural third-person)
iyekor (animate singular third-person)
deyekor (animate plural third-person)
neyekor (imperative singular)
yekor (imperative singular)
feyekor (imperative plural)
yekor (imperative plural)


yofoyofo

tiyofoyofo (first-person singular)
miyofoyofo (first-person inclusive plural)
ayofoyofo (exclusive first-person plural)
niyofoyofo (second-person singular)
fiyofoyofo (plural second-person)
iyofoyofo (inanimate singular third-person)
diyofoyofo (inanimate plural third-person)
mayofoyofo (animate singular third-person)
diyofoyofo (animate plural third-person)


yono

Possibly related to Ternate igo, Sahu igono (“coconut”).


fenii

Alternative form of feni (“bat, flying fox”)


jawap

tajawap (first-person singular)
majawap (first-person inclusive plural)
ajawap (exclusive first-person plural)
najawap (second-person singular)
fajawap (plural second-person)
ijawap (inanimate singular third-person)
dajawap (inanimate plural third-person)
ijawap (animate singular third-person)
dajawap (animate plural third-person)
najawap (imperative singular)
jawap (imperative singular)
fajawap (imperative plural)
jawap (imperative plural)

From Malay jawab, from Arabic جَوَاب (jawāb).


amot

taamot (first-person singular)
maamot (first-person inclusive plural)
aamot (exclusive first-person plural)
naamot (second-person singular)
faamot (plural second-person)
iamot (inanimate singular third-person)
daamot (inanimate plural third-person)
iamot (animate singular third-person)
daamot (animate plural third-person)
naamot (imperative singular)
amot (imperative singular)
faamot (imperative plural)
amot (imperative plural)


balabalat

Regarded as a partial reduplication of balat (“wave”). However, compare also East Makian balbolat (“roller”), from East Makian bolat (“to roll up, to curl, to turn”).


bebiti

Partial reduplication of biti (“to bail”).


faiyese

tifaiyese (first-person singular)
mifaiyese (first-person inclusive plural)
afaiyese (exclusive first-person plural)
nifaiyese (second-person singular)
fifaiyese (plural second-person)
ifaiyese (inanimate singular third-person)
difaiyese (inanimate plural third-person)
mafaiyese (animate singular third-person)
difaiyese (animate plural third-person)

mancia faiyese


falaparing

tafalaparing (first-person singular)
mafalaparing (first-person inclusive plural)
afalaparing (exclusive first-person plural)
nafalaparing (second-person singular)
fafalaparing (plural second-person)
ifalaparing (inanimate singular third-person)
dafalaparing (inanimate plural third-person)
ifalaparing (animate singular third-person)
dafalaparing (animate plural third-person)
nafalaparing (imperative singular)
falaparing (imperative singular)
fafalaparing (imperative plural)
falaparing (imperative plural)

(transitive) to burn a field a second time (in slash-and-burn)


falarari

tafalarari (first-person singular)
mafalarari (first-person inclusive plural)
afalarari (exclusive first-person plural)
nafalarari (second-person singular)
fafalarari (plural second-person)
ifalarari (inanimate singular third-person)
dafalarari (inanimate plural third-person)
ifalarari (animate singular third-person)
dafalarari (animate plural third-person)
nafalarari (imperative singular)
falarari (imperative singular)
fafalarari (imperative plural)
falarari (imperative plural)

Compare Tabaru rari (“to cut (grass, weeds, etc.)”)


falasao

tafalasao (first-person singular)
mafalasao (first-person inclusive plural)
afalasao (exclusive first-person plural)
nafalasao (second-person singular)
fafalasao (plural second-person)
ifalasao (inanimate singular third-person)
dafalasao (inanimate plural third-person)
ifalasao (animate singular third-person)
dafalasao (animate plural third-person)
nafalasao (imperative singular)
falasao (imperative singular)
fafalasao (imperative plural)
falasao (imperative plural)

From fala- (habitualizer) + sao (“to burn”).

(transitive) to burn a field (in slash-and-burn)


falatafi

tafalatafi (first-person singular)
mafalatafi (first-person inclusive plural)
afalatafi (exclusive first-person plural)
nafalatafi (second-person singular)
fafalatafi (plural second-person)
ifalatafi (inanimate singular third-person)
dafalatafi (inanimate plural third-person)
ifalatafi (animate singular third-person)
dafalatafi (animate plural third-person)
nafalatafi (imperative singular)
falatafi (imperative singular)
fafalatafi (imperative plural)
falatafi (imperative plural)

From fala- (habitualizer) + tafi, from Ternate tafi.

de tafalatafi pea


fatawani

tafatawani (first-person singular)
mafatawani (first-person inclusive plural)
afatawani (exclusive first-person plural)
nafatawani (second-person singular)
fafatawani (plural second-person)
ifatawani (inanimate singular third-person)
dafatawani (inanimate plural third-person)
ifatawani (animate singular third-person)
dafatawani (animate plural third-person)
nafatawani (imperative singular)
fatawani (imperative singular)
fafatawani (imperative plural)
fatawani (imperative plural)


fatung

tafatung (first-person singular)
mafatung (first-person inclusive plural)
afatung (exclusive first-person plural)
nafatung (second-person singular)
fafatung (plural second-person)
ifatung (inanimate singular third-person)
dafatung (inanimate plural third-person)
ifatung (animate singular third-person)
dafatung (animate plural third-person)
nafatung (imperative singular)
fatung (imperative singular)
fafatung (imperative plural)
fatung (imperative plural)

May be the same as West Makian fatum (“to smell”).


fegini

tifegini (first-person singular)
mifegini (first-person inclusive plural)
afegini (exclusive first-person plural)
nifegini (second-person singular)
fifegini (plural second-person)
ifegini (inanimate singular third-person)
difegini (inanimate plural third-person)
mafegini (animate singular third-person)
difegini (animate plural third-person)

If analyzable as fe- + gini, the second component may be related to Javanese geni.


felejela

tefelejela (first-person singular)
mefelejela (first-person inclusive plural)
afelejela (exclusive first-person plural)
nefelejela (second-person singular)
fefelejela (plural second-person)
ifelejela (inanimate singular third-person)
defelejela (inanimate plural third-person)
ifelejela (animate singular third-person)
defelejela (animate plural third-person)
nefelejela (imperative singular)
felejela (imperative singular)
fefelejela (imperative plural)
felejela (imperative plural)

From fele- (habitualizer) + *jela, with the root also found in West Makian jejela (“broom”).


fidupe

tefidupe (first-person singular)
mefidupe (first-person inclusive plural)
afidupe (exclusive first-person plural)
nefidupe (second-person singular)
fefidupe (plural second-person)
ifidupe (inanimate singular third-person)
defidupe (inanimate plural third-person)
ifidupe (animate singular third-person)
defidupe (animate plural third-person)
nifidupe (imperative singular)
fidupe (imperative singular)
fifidupe (imperative plural)
fidupe (imperative plural)


fikini

tefikini (first-person singular)
mefikini (first-person inclusive plural)
afikini (exclusive first-person plural)
nefikini (second-person singular)
fefikini (plural second-person)
ifikini (inanimate singular third-person)
defikini (inanimate plural third-person)
ifikini (animate singular third-person)
defikini (animate plural third-person)
nifikini (imperative singular)
fikini (imperative singular)
fifikini (imperative plural)
fikini (imperative plural)


folobori

tofolobori (first-person singular)
mofolobori (first-person inclusive plural)
afolobori (exclusive first-person plural)
nofolobori (second-person singular)
fofolobori (plural second-person)
ifolobori (inanimate singular third-person)
dofolobori (inanimate plural third-person)
ifolobori (animate singular third-person)
dofolobori (animate plural third-person)
nofolobori (imperative singular)
folobori (imperative singular)
fofolobori (imperative plural)
folobori (imperative plural)

From folo- (habitualizer) + bori (“sharpen”).


folokuda

tofolokuda (first-person singular)
mofolokuda (first-person inclusive plural)
afolokuda (exclusive first-person plural)
nofolokuda (second-person singular)
fofolokuda (plural second-person)
ifolokuda (inanimate singular third-person)
dofolokuda (inanimate plural third-person)
ifolokuda (animate singular third-person)
dofolokuda (animate plural third-person)
nofolokuda (imperative singular)
folokuda (imperative singular)
fofolokuda (imperative plural)
folokuda (imperative plural)

From folo- (habitualizer) + an unattested root kuda.


folowudu

tofolowudu (first-person singular)
mofolowudu (first-person inclusive plural)
afolowudu (exclusive first-person plural)
nofolowudu (second-person singular)
fofolowudu (plural second-person)
ifolowudu (inanimate singular third-person)
dofolowudu (inanimate plural third-person)
ifolowudu (animate singular third-person)
dofolowudu (animate plural third-person)
nofolowudu (imperative singular)
folowudu (imperative singular)
fofolowudu (imperative plural)
folowudu (imperative plural)

From folo- (habitualizer) + wudu (“to blow”).

(transitive) to smoke (of cigarettes, etc.)


fulo

May be related to Ternate huda, Tidore hula (“sago”).

kalu fulo


gaago

tigaago (first-person singular)
migaago (first-person inclusive plural)
agaago (exclusive first-person plural)
nigaago (second-person singular)
figaago (plural second-person)
igaago (inanimate singular third-person)
digaago (inanimate plural third-person)
magaago (animate singular third-person)
digaago (animate plural third-person)


galema

From Ternate galema (“giant manta ray”).


gargaji

From Malay gergaji, likely through Ternate garagaji. Ultimately from Sanskrit क्रकच (krakaca).


golongi

the band joining the blade and hilt of a machete


momoa

timomoa (first-person singular)
mimomoa (first-person inclusive plural)
amomoa (exclusive first-person plural)
nimomoa (second-person singular)
fimomoa (plural second-person)
imomoa (inanimate singular third-person)
dimomoa (inanimate plural third-person)
mamomoa (animate singular third-person)
dimomoa (animate plural third-person)

(stative) alternative form of momua (“empty”)


rafot

tarafot (first-person singular)
marafot (first-person inclusive plural)
arafot (exclusive first-person plural)
narafot (second-person singular)
farafot (plural second-person)
irafot (inanimate singular third-person)
darafot (inanimate plural third-person)
irafot (animate singular third-person)
darafot (animate plural third-person)
narafot (imperative singular)
rafot (imperative singular)
farafot (imperative plural)
rafot (imperative plural)

Compare East Makian lahat (“press, squeeze”).


paapuu

Alternative form of paapu (“knee, elbow, corner”)


japejape

tijapejape (first-person singular)
mijapejape (first-person inclusive plural)
ajapejape (exclusive first-person plural)
nijapejape (second-person singular)
fijapejape (plural second-person)
ijapejape (inanimate singular third-person)
dijapejape (inanimate plural third-person)
majapejape (animate singular third-person)
dijapejape (animate plural third-person)


kalawoling

tikalawoling (first-person singular)
mikalawoling (first-person inclusive plural)
akalawoling (exclusive first-person plural)
nikalawoling (second-person singular)
fikalawoling (plural second-person)
ikalawoling (inanimate singular third-person)
dikalawoling (inanimate plural third-person)
makalawoling (animate singular third-person)
dikalawoling (animate plural third-person)


karanunu

Compare East Makian karanunu (“pillow”).


keketo

tikeketo (first-person singular)
mikeketo (first-person inclusive plural)
akeketo (exclusive first-person plural)
nikeketo (second-person singular)
fikeketo (plural second-person)
ikeketo (inanimate singular third-person)
dikeketo (inanimate plural third-person)
makeketo (animate singular third-person)
dikeketo (animate plural third-person)

Possibly from Ternate keto (“drunk”) with reduplication. Compare also Ternate koketo (“drunk”).


losong

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lusuŋ, possibly through a Proto-North Halmahera form.


malamoli

Likely a vowel-varying reduplication of an unattested root *moli.


polase

topolase (first-person singular)
mopolase (first-person inclusive plural)
apolase (exclusive first-person plural)
nopolase (second-person singular)
fopolase (plural second-person)
ipolase (inanimate singular third-person)
dopolase (inanimate plural third-person)
ipolase (animate singular third-person)
dopolase (animate plural third-person)
nopolase (imperative singular)
polase (imperative singular)
fopolase (imperative plural)
polase (imperative plural)


sasafu

tisasafu (first-person singular)
misasafu (first-person inclusive plural)
asasafu (exclusive first-person plural)
nisasafu (second-person singular)
fisasafu (plural second-person)
isasafu (inanimate singular third-person)
disasafu (inanimate plural third-person)
masasafu (animate singular third-person)
disasafu (animate plural third-person)

(stative) alternative form of sasafo (“hot”)


wujuf

towujuf (first-person singular)
mowujuf (first-person inclusive plural)
awujuf (exclusive first-person plural)
nowujuf (second-person singular)
fowujuf (plural second-person)
iwujuf (inanimate singular third-person)
dowujuf (inanimate plural third-person)
iwujuf (animate singular third-person)
dowujuf (animate plural third-person)
nuwujuf (imperative singular)
wujuf (imperative singular)
fuwujuf (imperative plural)
wujuf (imperative plural)

(intransitive) alternative form of ujuf (“to spit”)


pungpangi

Possibly a vowel-varying reduplication of an unattested root *pangi.


rekeng

terekeng (first-person singular)
merekeng (first-person inclusive plural)
arekeng (exclusive first-person plural)
nerekeng (second-person singular)
ferekeng (plural second-person)
irekeng (inanimate singular third-person)
derekeng (inanimate plural third-person)
irekeng (animate singular third-person)
derekeng (animate plural third-person)
nerekeng (imperative singular)
rekeng (imperative singular)
ferekeng (imperative plural)
rekeng (imperative plural)


supepi

tosupepi (first-person singular)
mosupepi (first-person inclusive plural)
asupepi (exclusive first-person plural)
nosupepi (second-person singular)
fosupepi (plural second-person)
isupepi (inanimate singular third-person)
dosupepi (inanimate plural third-person)
isupepi (animate singular third-person)
dosupepi (animate plural third-person)
nusupepi (imperative singular)
supepi (imperative singular)
fusupepi (imperative plural)
supepi (imperative plural)


talatulak

Possibly a vowel-varying reduplication of an unattested root *tulak.


tasbe

From Ternate tasube, from Malay tasbih, from Arabic تَسْبِيح (tasbīḥ).


yorik

Perhaps from East Makian yorik (“citrus fruit”). Compare Malay jeruk.


kaelo

takaelo (first-person singular)
makaelo (first-person inclusive plural)
akaelo (exclusive first-person plural)
nakaelo (second-person singular)
fakaelo (plural second-person)
ikaelo (inanimate singular third-person)
dakaelo (inanimate plural third-person)
ikaelo (animate singular third-person)
dakaelo (animate plural third-person)
nakaelo (imperative singular)
kaelo (imperative singular)
fakaelo (imperative plural)
kaelo (imperative plural)


fakou

tafakou (first-person singular)
mafakou (first-person inclusive plural)
afakou (exclusive first-person plural)
nafakou (second-person singular)
fafakou (plural second-person)
ifakou (inanimate singular third-person)
dafakou (inanimate plural third-person)
ifakou (animate singular third-person)
dafakou (animate plural third-person)
nafakou (imperative singular)
fakou (imperative singular)
fafakou (imperative plural)
fakou (imperative plural)

From fa- (transitivizer) + kou (“to break (intr.)”), apparently without having undergone the expected vowel assimilation.

af

(transitive) alternative form of fokou (“to break”)


fakuba

tafakuba (first-person singular)
mafakuba (first-person inclusive plural)
afakuba (exclusive first-person plural)
nafakuba (second-person singular)
fafakuba (plural second-person)
ifakuba (inanimate singular third-person)
dafakuba (inanimate plural third-person)
ifakuba (animate singular third-person)
dafakuba (animate plural third-person)
nafakuba (imperative singular)
fakuba (imperative singular)
fafakuba (imperative plural)
fakuba (imperative plural)

From fa- (causative) + kuba (“to cut, kill”), with unexpected lack of vowel assimilation.

Coordinate term: (of animals) fagei


sesito

Kampong Sabale ma sesito?


paruwia

fopodo paruwia?


putuiwu

From putu (“night”) (obsolete) + iwu (“how many”).

com

fopodo putuiwu?

fii putuiwu?


sapma

(interrogative) alternative form of isapama (“why?”)


apato

(interrogative) alternative form of hapaato (“how?”)


edeng

head

edeng (inanimate medeng, animate dimaede, polite gomedeng)

medeng (inanimate)
dimaede (animate)
gomedeng (polite)

win edeng


tepedingi

tepedingi (inanimate tepedingi, animate ditepedingi, polite gotepedingi)

tepedingi (inanimate)
ditepedingi (animate)
gotepedingi (polite)

From Proto-North Halmahera. Compare Ternate tomodii (“seven”).


tukbange

tukbange (inanimate tukbange, animate ditukbange, polite gotukbange)

tukbange (inanimate)
ditukbange (animate)
gotukbange (polite)


awoinye

From awoi- + -nye. Compare also minye (“one”) and calannye (“one thousand”).


awoi-

awoi- + fati (“four”) → aweifati (“forty”)

attaches to numeral root to form cardinal numbers that are multiples of ten


awoideng

From awoi- + edeng (“two”), with vowel elision or assimilation, from an earlier expected *awoiedeng.


-nye

calan (“thousand”) + -nye → calannye (“one thousand”)

awoi- (“ten”) + -nye → awoinye (“ten”, literally “one ten”)

attaches to numeral roots to form base powers of ten


feberesi

do gupa ma feberesi


maminye

From ma- (numeral adverbial prefix) + minye (“one”).

af

waktu ramian maminye, ...


madeng

From ma- (numeral adverbial prefix) + edeng (“two”).


maunge

From ma- (numeral adverbial prefix) + unge (“three”).


so de tebe

iso de tebe

(stative) to be brand new, freshly produced from the factory or workshop


hapaapa

hapaapa isagal

this way and that way; like this and like that


ibulang

From i (“to go”) + bulang; literally, "the going day".


maitiso

Likely contains the element so (“to descend”). Compare maidine (“today”).


mardingi

The final element, dingi may be related to other North Halmaheran words for the number two.

the day after tomorrow, two days after today

day before yesterday
day before yesterday

the day before yesterday, two days before today


mardinge

Alternative form of mardingi (“day after tomorrow”)


marungo

The final element, ungo, may be the same as unge (“three”).

day after the day after tomorrow
day after the day after tomorrow

the day after the day after tomorrow, three days after today


fimege

tefimege (first-person singular)
mefimege (first-person inclusive plural)
afimege (exclusive first-person plural)
nefimege (second-person singular)
fefimege (plural second-person)
ifimege (inanimate singular third-person)
defimege (inanimate plural third-person)
ifimege (animate singular third-person)
defimege (animate plural third-person)
nifimege (imperative singular)
fimege (imperative singular)
fifimege (imperative plural)
fimege (imperative plural)

ifimege pe me


femege

tefemege (first-person singular)
mefemege (first-person inclusive plural)
afemege (exclusive first-person plural)
nefemege (second-person singular)
fefemege (plural second-person)
ifemege (inanimate singular third-person)
defemege (inanimate plural third-person)
ifemege (animate singular third-person)
defemege (animate plural third-person)
nefemege (imperative singular)
femege (imperative singular)
fefemege (imperative plural)
femege (imperative plural)

(intransitive, femege pe) alternative form of fimege (“to ask”)


aiwi

(sentence-final) alternative form of wai (“not yet”)


sebap

An unadapted borrowing from Indonesian sebab, preserving the schwa.


hapaato

Contains the element hapa (“like this, thus”).


isapama

Univerbation of isa (“make”) + pama (“what”), likely as "what makes it such that...?"

univerbation

ni isapama nopodo yo?


Mateketen

May be related to the name Teketen (“Moti island”).


Ngofabobawa

Formed as a Ternatean compound of ngofa (“child”) + Bobawa, a village name.


Malapa

Possibly from an older Molapa (recorded in F.S.A. de Clercq's Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate).


Moi Tesite

Literally, Makian, on the outside; equivalent to the Indonesian Makian Luar.

the western part of Makian island, particularly where West Makian is spoken


Moi Ciawi

Literally, Makian, the inside; equivalent to the Indonesian Makian Dalam.

the eastern part of Makian island, particularly where East Makian (Taba) is spoken


Teketen

Related to East Makian Keten (“Moti island”). The form as listed here may in fact simply be ta (“locative preposition”) + Keten, in which case the second element would be the island's actual name.


Makian

The second element is Kian (“Kayoa island”). Voorhoeve glosses this as "those who have come from Kian (Kayoa)".


foruju

toforuju (first-person singular)
moforuju (first-person inclusive plural)
aforuju (exclusive first-person plural)
noforuju (second-person singular)
foforuju (plural second-person)
iforuju (inanimate singular third-person)
doforuju (inanimate plural third-person)
iforuju (animate singular third-person)
doforuju (animate plural third-person)
noforuju (imperative singular)
foruju (imperative singular)
foforuju (imperative plural)
foruju (imperative plural)

From fo- (reciprocalizer) + ruju (“to thump”).


mefekerekiri

temefekerekiri (first-person singular)
memefekerekiri (first-person inclusive plural)
amefekerekiri (exclusive first-person plural)
nemefekerekiri (second-person singular)
femefekerekiri (plural second-person)
imefekerekiri (inanimate singular third-person)
demefekerekiri (inanimate plural third-person)
imefekerekiri (animate singular third-person)
demefekerekiri (animate plural third-person)
nemefekerekiri (imperative singular)
mefekerekiri (imperative singular)
femefekerekiri (imperative plural)
mefekerekiri (imperative plural)

From mefe- (reciprocalizer) + kerekiri (“to tickle”).


mudefete

The last element is regarded to be fete (“tree”).


dimaedepa

From dimaede (“two (animate)”) + pa (“woman, wife”).

compound

a couple, two partners in a relationship


toro so

totoro so (first-person singular)
motoro so (first-person inclusive plural)
atoro so (exclusive first-person plural)
notoro so (second-person singular)
fotoro so (plural second-person)
itoro so (inanimate singular third-person)
dotoro so (inanimate plural third-person)
itoro so (animate singular third-person)
dotoro so (animate plural third-person)
notoro so (imperative singular)
toro so (imperative singular)
fotoro so (imperative plural)
toro so (imperative plural)

de totoro so


ogo so

toogo so (first-person singular)
moogo so (first-person inclusive plural)
aogo so (exclusive first-person plural)
noogo so (second-person singular)
foogo so (plural second-person)
iogo so (inanimate singular third-person)
doogo so (inanimate plural third-person)
iogo so (animate singular third-person)
doogo so (animate plural third-person)
noogo so (imperative singular)
ogo so (imperative singular)
foogo so (imperative plural)
ogo so (imperative plural)

noogo so!


uba no

touba no (first-person singular)
mouba no (first-person inclusive plural)
auba no (exclusive first-person plural)
nouba no (second-person singular)
fouba no (plural second-person)
iuba no (inanimate singular third-person)
douba no (inanimate plural third-person)
iuba no (animate singular third-person)
douba no (animate plural third-person)
nuuba no (imperative singular)
uba no (imperative singular)
fuuba no (imperative plural)
uba no (imperative plural)

touba no


ampong

Ultimately from Malay ampun, likely through North Moluccan Malay.

taja lo tapa ampong

(Can we date this quote?), “Nimama dofono”:


filkeker

tefilkeker (first-person singular)
mefilkeker (first-person inclusive plural)
afilkeker (exclusive first-person plural)
nefilkeker (second-person singular)
fefilkeker (plural second-person)
ifilkeker (inanimate singular third-person)
defilkeker (inanimate plural third-person)
ifilkeker (animate singular third-person)
defilkeker (animate plural third-person)
nifilkeker (imperative singular)
filkeker (imperative singular)
fifilkeker (imperative plural)
filkeker (imperative plural)


filimumu

tefilimumu (first-person singular)
mefilimumu (first-person inclusive plural)
afilimumu (exclusive first-person plural)
nefilimumu (second-person singular)
fefilimumu (plural second-person)
ifilimumu (inanimate singular third-person)
defilimumu (inanimate plural third-person)
ifilimumu (animate singular third-person)
defilimumu (animate plural third-person)
nifilimumu (imperative singular)
filimumu (imperative singular)
fifilimumu (imperative plural)
filimumu (imperative plural)

From fili- (continuous prefix) + *mumu, ultimately from Austronesian. Cognate with Tagalog mumog.


filtibuk

tefiltibuk (first-person singular)
mefiltibuk (first-person inclusive plural)
afiltibuk (exclusive first-person plural)
nefiltibuk (second-person singular)
fefiltibuk (plural second-person)
ifiltibuk (inanimate singular third-person)
defiltibuk (inanimate plural third-person)
ifiltibuk (animate singular third-person)
defiltibuk (animate plural third-person)
nifiltibuk (imperative singular)
filtibuk (imperative singular)
fifiltibuk (imperative plural)
filtibuk (imperative plural)


filyaose

tefilyaose (first-person singular)
mefilyaose (first-person inclusive plural)
afilyaose (exclusive first-person plural)
nefilyaose (second-person singular)
fefilyaose (plural second-person)
ifilyaose (inanimate singular third-person)
defilyaose (inanimate plural third-person)
ifilyaose (animate singular third-person)
defilyaose (animate plural third-person)
nifilyaose (imperative singular)
filyaose (imperative singular)
fifilyaose (imperative plural)
filyaose (imperative plural)


fimou

tefimou (first-person singular)
mefimou (first-person inclusive plural)
afimou (exclusive first-person plural)
nefimou (second-person singular)
fefimou (plural second-person)
ifimou (inanimate singular third-person)
defimou (inanimate plural third-person)
ifimou (animate singular third-person)
defimou (animate plural third-person)
nifimou (imperative singular)
fimou (imperative singular)
fifimou (imperative plural)
fimou (imperative plural)


fitoga

tefitoga (first-person singular)
mefitoga (first-person inclusive plural)
afitoga (exclusive first-person plural)
nefitoga (second-person singular)
fefitoga (plural second-person)
ifitoga (inanimate singular third-person)
defitoga (inanimate plural third-person)
ifitoga (animate singular third-person)
defitoga (animate plural third-person)
nifitoga (imperative singular)
fitoga (imperative singular)
fifitoga (imperative plural)
fitoga (imperative plural)

Possibly from fi- + toga (“to pull up (an anchor, etc.)”).

af

(transitive) to withdraw, unsheathe, etc.


fofoi

tifofoi (first-person singular)
mifofoi (first-person inclusive plural)
afofoi (exclusive first-person plural)
nifofoi (second-person singular)
fifofoi (plural second-person)
ifofoi (inanimate singular third-person)
difofoi (inanimate plural third-person)
mafofoi (animate singular third-person)
difofoi (animate plural third-person)


fogogoto

tofogogoto (first-person singular)
mofogogoto (first-person inclusive plural)
afogogoto (exclusive first-person plural)
nofogogoto (second-person singular)
fofogogoto (plural second-person)
ifogogoto (inanimate singular third-person)
dofogogoto (inanimate plural third-person)
ifogogoto (animate singular third-person)
dofogogoto (animate plural third-person)
nofogogoto (imperative singular)
fogogoto (imperative singular)
fofogogoto (imperative plural)
fogogoto (imperative plural)


folobule

tofolobule (first-person singular)
mofolobule (first-person inclusive plural)
afolobule (exclusive first-person plural)
nofolobule (second-person singular)
fofolobule (plural second-person)
ifolobule (inanimate singular third-person)
dofolobule (inanimate plural third-person)
ifolobule (animate singular third-person)
dofolobule (animate plural third-person)
nofolobule (imperative singular)
folobule (imperative singular)
fofolobule (imperative plural)
folobule (imperative plural)

From folo- (continuous prefix) + bule (“to twine”).


fopotipoti

tofopotipoti (first-person singular)
mofopotipoti (first-person inclusive plural)
afopotipoti (exclusive first-person plural)
nofopotipoti (second-person singular)
fofopotipoti (plural second-person)
ifopotipoti (inanimate singular third-person)
dofopotipoti (inanimate plural third-person)
ifopotipoti (animate singular third-person)
dofopotipoti (animate plural third-person)
nofopotipoti (imperative singular)
fopotipoti (imperative singular)
fofopotipoti (imperative plural)
fopotipoti (imperative plural)

From fo- + an unattested root *poti, with reduplication.


fosol

tofosol (first-person singular)
mofosol (first-person inclusive plural)
afosol (exclusive first-person plural)
nofosol (second-person singular)
fofosol (plural second-person)
ifosol (inanimate singular third-person)
dofosol (inanimate plural third-person)
ifosol (animate singular third-person)
dofosol (animate plural third-person)
nofosol (imperative singular)
fosol (imperative singular)
fofosol (imperative plural)
fosol (imperative plural)


fubusbesi

tofubusbesi (first-person singular)
mofubusbesi (first-person inclusive plural)
afubusbesi (exclusive first-person plural)
nofubusbesi (second-person singular)
fofubusbesi (plural second-person)
ifubusbesi (inanimate singular third-person)
dofubusbesi (inanimate plural third-person)
ifubusbesi (animate singular third-person)
dofubusbesi (animate plural third-person)
nufubusbesi (imperative singular)
fubusbesi (imperative singular)
fufubusbesi (imperative plural)
fubusbesi (imperative plural)

Likely contains an unattested root *besi with vowel-varying reduplication.


fuluukir

tofuluukir (first-person singular)
mofuluukir (first-person inclusive plural)
afuluukir (exclusive first-person plural)
nofuluukir (second-person singular)
fofuluukir (plural second-person)
ifuluukir (inanimate singular third-person)
dofuluukir (inanimate plural third-person)
ifuluukir (animate singular third-person)
dofuluukir (animate plural third-person)
nufuluukir (imperative singular)
fuluukir (imperative singular)
fufuluukir (imperative plural)
fuluukir (imperative plural)

From fulu- (continuous prefix) + *ukir, ultimately from Austronesian.


getes

tegetes (first-person singular)
megetes (first-person inclusive plural)
agetes (exclusive first-person plural)
negetes (second-person singular)
fegetes (plural second-person)
igetes (inanimate singular third-person)
degetes (inanimate plural third-person)
igetes (animate singular third-person)
degetes (animate plural third-person)
negetes (imperative singular)
getes (imperative singular)
fegetes (imperative plural)
getes (imperative plural)


gotir

Compare Ternate goti (“storage for sago which is still wet”).


iyo iyo

Likely the same as yo, a negation particle, repeated.


jejela

Partial reduplication of an unattested root *jela, also found in felejela (“to sweep”).


jojaga

From Ternate jojaga (“small guardhouse”).

a small hut placed within a garden or plantation


jojoho

the upper basin of a sago-processing apparatus


kakalu

Partial reduplication of kalu (“to stir”).

kakalu besi


karabaya

a kind of container made of plaited pandanus


kasian

From Malay kasihan, possibly through North Moluccan Malay [Term?].


kukusan

a kind of food steamer, particularly one made of bamboo


lonter

Compare Ternate lonteng, Malay loteng, both also meaning "attic".