fa

win edeng fa iunge


bio

Said by Collins to be from Austronesian.


te

From Malay teh, possibly through Ternate tee, from Hokkien 茶 (tê) (Amoy dialect).


dare

tadare (first-person singular)
madare (first-person inclusive plural)
adare (exclusive first-person plural)
nadare (second-person singular)
fadare (plural second-person)
idare (inanimate singular third-person)
dadare (inanimate plural third-person)
idare (animate singular third-person)
dadare (animate plural third-person)
nadare (imperative singular)
dare (imperative singular)
fadare (imperative plural)
dare (imperative plural)


de

Possibly related to the stem found in Ternate ngori.

V indicates the expected assimilated vowel of the following noun

following standard West Makian vowel harmony


too

totoo (first-person singular)
motoo (first-person inclusive plural)
atoo (exclusive first-person plural)
notoo (second-person singular)
fotoo (plural second-person)
itoo (inanimate singular third-person)
dotoo (inanimate plural third-person)
itoo (animate singular third-person)
dotoo (animate plural third-person)
notoo (imperative singular)
too (imperative singular)
fotoo (imperative plural)
too (imperative plural)


i

tii (first-person singular)
mii (first-person inclusive plural)
ai (exclusive first-person plural)
nii (second-person singular)
fii (plural second-person)
ii (inanimate singular third-person)
dii (inanimate plural third-person)
ii (animate singular third-person)
dii (animate plural third-person)
nii (imperative singular)
i (imperative singular)
fii (imperative plural)
i (imperative plural)

nii i nopoli


i

te ne isasafo i


i

nii i nopoli

nifi sesine i

makes a request or command more polite, please


pi

tepi (first-person singular)
mepi (first-person inclusive plural)
api (exclusive first-person plural)
nepi (second-person singular)
fepi (plural second-person)
ipi (inanimate singular third-person)
depi (inanimate plural third-person)
ipi (animate singular third-person)
depi (animate plural third-person)
nipi (imperative singular)
pi (imperative singular)
fipi (imperative plural)
pi (imperative plural)

nipi de te


for

tofor (first-person singular)
mofor (first-person inclusive plural)
afor (exclusive first-person plural)
nofor (second-person singular)
fofor (plural second-person)
ifor (inanimate singular third-person)
dofor (inanimate plural third-person)
ifor (animate singular third-person)
dofor (animate plural third-person)
nofor (imperative singular)
for (imperative singular)
fofor (imperative plural)
for (imperative plural)

(transitive) to hit repeatedly with a stick or other object


ai

taai (first-person singular)
maai (first-person inclusive plural)
aai (exclusive first-person plural)
naai (second-person singular)
faai (plural second-person)
iai (inanimate singular third-person)
daai (inanimate plural third-person)
iai (animate singular third-person)
daai (animate plural third-person)
naai (imperative singular)
ai (imperative singular)
faai (imperative plural)
ai (imperative plural)

naai sito?


pato

tapato (first-person singular)
mapato (first-person inclusive plural)
apato (exclusive first-person plural)
napato (second-person singular)
fapato (plural second-person)
ipato (inanimate singular third-person)
dapato (inanimate plural third-person)
ipato (animate singular third-person)
dapato (animate plural third-person)
napato (imperative singular)
pato (imperative singular)
fapato (imperative plural)
pato (imperative plural)

(transitive) to strike (with an instrument)


uba

touba (first-person singular)
mouba (first-person inclusive plural)
auba (exclusive first-person plural)
nouba (second-person singular)
fouba (plural second-person)
iuba (inanimate singular third-person)
douba (inanimate plural third-person)
iuba (animate singular third-person)
douba (animate plural third-person)
nuuba (imperative singular)
uba (imperative singular)
fuuba (imperative plural)
uba (imperative plural)

Possibly from an older ubat (if not an error), recorded in van der Crab's De Moluksche Eilanden's wordlist (as oebat).


baru

Said by Collins to be a borrowing from Malay [Term?].


rata

tirata (first-person singular)
mirata (first-person inclusive plural)
arata (exclusive first-person plural)
nirata (second-person singular)
firata (plural second-person)
irata (inanimate singular third-person)
dirata (inanimate plural third-person)
marata (animate singular third-person)
dirata (animate plural third-person)

afi da rata


suka

tosuka (first-person singular)
mosuka (first-person inclusive plural)
asuka (exclusive first-person plural)
nosuka (second-person singular)
fosuka (plural second-person)
isuka (inanimate singular third-person)
dosuka (inanimate plural third-person)
isuka (animate singular third-person)
dosuka (animate plural third-person)
nusuka (imperative singular)
suka (imperative singular)
fusuka (imperative plural)
suka (imperative plural)

From Malay suka, possibly through Ternate, from Sanskrit सुख (sukha).

(modal, auxiliary) to very much want to (do something)

coba ni suka nidadi puni

(modal, auxiliary) to like to (do something)


pula

topula (first-person singular)
mopula (first-person inclusive plural)
apula (exclusive first-person plural)
nopula (second-person singular)
fopula (plural second-person)
ipula (inanimate singular third-person)
dopula (inanimate plural third-person)
ipula (animate singular third-person)
dopula (animate plural third-person)
nupula (imperative singular)
pula (imperative singular)
fupula (imperative plural)
pula (imperative plural)


me

prefixes mV (animate) and dV (inanimate possessive)

third-person singular pronoun, he, she, it, etc.


dupe

todupe (first-person singular)
modupe (first-person inclusive plural)
adupe (exclusive first-person plural)
nodupe (second-person singular)
fodupe (plural second-person)
idupe (inanimate singular third-person)
dodupe (inanimate plural third-person)
idupe (animate singular third-person)
dodupe (animate plural third-person)
nudupe (imperative singular)
dupe (imperative singular)
fudupe (imperative plural)
dupe (imperative plural)


do

todo (first-person singular)
modo (first-person inclusive plural)
ado (exclusive first-person plural)
nodo (second-person singular)
fodo (plural second-person)
ido (inanimate singular third-person)
dodo (inanimate plural third-person)
ido (animate singular third-person)
dodo (animate plural third-person)
nodo (imperative singular)
do (imperative singular)
fodo (imperative plural)
do (imperative plural)


e

tee (first-person singular)
mee (first-person inclusive plural)
ae (exclusive first-person plural)
nee (second-person singular)
fee (plural second-person)
ie (inanimate singular third-person)
dee (inanimate plural third-person)
ie (animate singular third-person)
dee (animate plural third-person)
nee (imperative singular)
e (imperative singular)
fee (imperative plural)
e (imperative plural)


sango

tasango (first-person singular)
masango (first-person inclusive plural)
asango (exclusive first-person plural)
nasango (second-person singular)
fasango (plural second-person)
isango (inanimate singular third-person)
dasango (inanimate plural third-person)
isango (animate singular third-person)
dasango (animate plural third-person)
nasango (imperative singular)
sango (imperative singular)
fasango (imperative plural)
sango (imperative plural)

Cognate with, if not from, Ternate sango.


mu

timu (first-person singular)
mimu (first-person inclusive plural)
amu (exclusive first-person plural)
nimu (second-person singular)
fimu (plural second-person)
imu (inanimate singular third-person)
dimu (inanimate plural third-person)
mamu (animate singular third-person)
dimu (animate plural third-person)


co

toco (first-person singular)
moco (first-person inclusive plural)
aco (exclusive first-person plural)
noco (second-person singular)
foco (plural second-person)
ico (inanimate singular third-person)
doco (inanimate plural third-person)
ico (animate singular third-person)
doco (animate plural third-person)
noco (imperative singular)
co (imperative singular)
foco (imperative plural)
co (imperative plural)


au

taau (first-person singular)
maau (first-person inclusive plural)
aau (exclusive first-person plural)
naau (second-person singular)
faau (plural second-person)
iau (inanimate singular third-person)
daau (inanimate plural third-person)
iau (animate singular third-person)
daau (animate plural third-person)
naau (imperative singular)
au (imperative singular)
faau (imperative plural)
au (imperative plural)

taau to pu


ne

Likely cognate with Ternate ne (“this”).

pala ne ilamo

nudupe de ngeu ne


pe

natala pe peda da langalongi ne

yakor te pe sosodik

iwako pe de mai

he threw a stone at me (literally, “he threw to me (a) stone”)


toro

totoro (first-person singular)
motoro (first-person inclusive plural)
atoro (exclusive first-person plural)
notoro (second-person singular)
fotoro (plural second-person)
itoro (inanimate singular third-person)
dotoro (inanimate plural third-person)
itoro (animate singular third-person)
dotoro (animate plural third-person)
notoro (imperative singular)
toro (imperative singular)
fotoro (imperative plural)
toro (imperative plural)


am

tiam (first-person singular)
miam (first-person inclusive plural)
aam (exclusive first-person plural)
niam (second-person singular)
fiam (plural second-person)
iam (inanimate singular third-person)
diam (inanimate plural third-person)
iam (animate singular third-person)
diam (animate plural third-person)
niam (imperative singular)
am (imperative singular)
fiam (imperative plural)
am (imperative plural)


pa

tapa (first-person singular)
mapa (first-person inclusive plural)
apa (exclusive first-person plural)
napa (second-person singular)
fapa (plural second-person)
ipa (inanimate singular third-person)
dapa (inanimate plural third-person)
ipa (animate singular third-person)
dapa (animate plural third-person)
napa (imperative singular)
pa (imperative singular)
fapa (imperative plural)
pa (imperative plural)

tapa ampong te ni

(transitive, with ta-) to request, ask for


baba

Together with the polite yaya (“mother”), likely borrowed from Ternate baba (“father”).


ini

Possibly related to the stem found in Ternate ngoni.


je

ini je

eme je


lupa

tilupa (first-person singular)
milupa (first-person inclusive plural)
alupa (exclusive first-person plural)
nilupa (second-person singular)
filupa (plural second-person)
ilupa (inanimate singular third-person)
dilupa (inanimate plural third-person)
malupa (animate singular third-person)
dilupa (animate plural third-person)


topo

titopo (first-person singular)
mitopo (first-person inclusive plural)
atopo (exclusive first-person plural)
nitopo (second-person singular)
fitopo (plural second-person)
itopo (inanimate singular third-person)
ditopo (inanimate plural third-person)
matopo (animate singular third-person)
ditopo (animate plural third-person)


papa

oma da papa


ja

taja (first-person singular)
maja (first-person inclusive plural)
aja (exclusive first-person plural)
naja (second-person singular)
faja (plural second-person)
ija (inanimate singular third-person)
daja (inanimate plural third-person)
ija (animate singular third-person)
daja (animate plural third-person)
naja (imperative singular)
ja (imperative singular)
faja (imperative plural)
ja (imperative plural)


baju

From Malay baju, possibly through Ternate baju.


meja

From Malay meja, possibly through Ternate meja, from Portuguese mesa (“table”), from Latin mēnsa.


kamar

From Indonesian kamar, possibly through Ternate kamar, from Dutch kamer.


gele

tigele (first-person singular)
migele (first-person inclusive plural)
agele (exclusive first-person plural)
nigele (second-person singular)
figele (plural second-person)
igele (inanimate singular third-person)
digele (inanimate plural third-person)
magele (animate singular third-person)
digele (animate plural third-person)


ayo

ayo da at

ayo da papa


maa

tamaa (first-person singular)
mamaa (first-person inclusive plural)
amaa (exclusive first-person plural)
namaa (second-person singular)
famaa (plural second-person)
imaa (inanimate singular third-person)
damaa (inanimate plural third-person)
imaa (animate singular third-person)
damaa (animate plural third-person)
namaa (imperative singular)
maa (imperative singular)
famaa (imperative plural)
maa (imperative plural)


bicara

tebicara (first-person singular)
mebicara (first-person inclusive plural)
abicara (exclusive first-person plural)
nebicara (second-person singular)
febicara (plural second-person)
ibicara (inanimate singular third-person)
debicara (inanimate plural third-person)
ibicara (animate singular third-person)
debicara (animate plural third-person)
nibicara (imperative singular)
bicara (imperative singular)
fibicara (imperative plural)
bicara (imperative plural)

From Malay bicara, possibly through Ternate bicara.


seba

de seba tefiam

(modal, auxiliary) to want to (do something)

(modal, auxiliary) to intend to (do something)


seba

tiseba (first-person singular)
miseba (first-person inclusive plural)
aseba (exclusive first-person plural)
niseba (second-person singular)
fiseba (plural second-person)
iseba (inanimate singular third-person)
diseba (inanimate plural third-person)
maseba (animate singular third-person)
diseba (animate plural third-person)


odo

toodo (first-person singular)
moodo (first-person inclusive plural)
aodo (exclusive first-person plural)
noodo (second-person singular)
foodo (plural second-person)
iodo (inanimate singular third-person)
doodo (inanimate plural third-person)
iodo (animate singular third-person)
doodo (animate plural third-person)
noodo (imperative singular)
odo (imperative singular)
foodo (imperative plural)
odo (imperative plural)


di-

di oma

third-person plural possessive prefix, their

mene de ti deto di musala

(polite) third-person singular possessive prefix, his, her


di-

(inanimate) alternative form of da- (“its”) when preceded by a root-initial i


kuba

tokuba (first-person singular)
mokuba (first-person inclusive plural)
akuba (exclusive first-person plural)
nokuba (second-person singular)
fokuba (plural second-person)
ikuba (inanimate singular third-person)
dokuba (inanimate plural third-person)
ikuba (animate singular third-person)
dokuba (animate plural third-person)
nukuba (imperative singular)
kuba (imperative singular)
fukuba (imperative plural)
kuba (imperative plural)

Coordinate term: (of animals) fagei


kurang

tikurang (first-person singular)
mikurang (first-person inclusive plural)
akurang (exclusive first-person plural)
nikurang (second-person singular)
fikurang (plural second-person)
ikurang (inanimate singular third-person)
dikurang (inanimate plural third-person)
makurang (animate singular third-person)
dikurang (animate plural third-person)


toga

totoga (first-person singular)
motoga (first-person inclusive plural)
atoga (exclusive first-person plural)
notoga (second-person singular)
fotoga (plural second-person)
itoga (inanimate singular third-person)
dotoga (inanimate plural third-person)
itoga (animate singular third-person)
dotoga (animate plural third-person)
notoga (imperative singular)
toga (imperative singular)
fotoga (imperative plural)
toga (imperative plural)


io

tiio (first-person singular)
miio (first-person inclusive plural)
aio (exclusive first-person plural)
niio (second-person singular)
fiio (plural second-person)
iio (inanimate singular third-person)
diio (inanimate plural third-person)
iio (animate singular third-person)
diio (animate plural third-person)
niio (imperative singular)
io (imperative singular)
fiio (imperative plural)
io (imperative plural)


sa

tisa (first-person singular)
misa (first-person inclusive plural)
asa (exclusive first-person plural)
nisa (second-person singular)
fisa (plural second-person)
isa (inanimate singular third-person)
disa (inanimate plural third-person)
masa (animate singular third-person)
disa (animate plural third-person)


gai

tigai (first-person singular)
migai (first-person inclusive plural)
agai (exclusive first-person plural)
nigai (second-person singular)
figai (plural second-person)
igai (inanimate singular third-person)
digai (inanimate plural third-person)
magai (animate singular third-person)
digai (animate plural third-person)


guma

tiguma (first-person singular)
miguma (first-person inclusive plural)
aguma (exclusive first-person plural)
niguma (second-person singular)
figuma (plural second-person)
iguma (inanimate singular third-person)
diguma (inanimate plural third-person)
maguma (animate singular third-person)
diguma (animate plural third-person)


fou

tofou (first-person singular)
mofou (first-person inclusive plural)
afou (exclusive first-person plural)
nofou (second-person singular)
fofou (plural second-person)
ifou (inanimate singular third-person)
dofou (inanimate plural third-person)
ifou (animate singular third-person)
dofou (animate plural third-person)
nofou (imperative singular)
fou (imperative singular)
fofou (imperative plural)
fou (imperative plural)

Possibly cognate to Ternate horu (“to paddle”).


lo

Muhammad lo Hasan

namu de esi lo ifa

imaa me lo ido me

awoinye lo minye

atus siwe lo awoisiwe lo siwe

nine hundred and ninety-nine (literally, “nine hundred and ninety and nine”)


abo

tiabo (first-person singular)
miabo (first-person inclusive plural)
aabo (exclusive first-person plural)
niabo (second-person singular)
fiabo (plural second-person)
iabo (inanimate singular third-person)
diabo (inanimate plural third-person)
maabo (animate singular third-person)
diabo (animate plural third-person)

(stative) to be wounded, to have a wound


ko

toko (first-person singular)
moko (first-person inclusive plural)
ako (exclusive first-person plural)
noko (second-person singular)
foko (plural second-person)
iko (inanimate singular third-person)
doko (inanimate plural third-person)
iko (animate singular third-person)
doko (animate plural third-person)
noko (imperative singular)
ko (imperative singular)
foko (imperative plural)
ko (imperative plural)


kiki

tekiki (first-person singular)
mekiki (first-person inclusive plural)
akiki (exclusive first-person plural)
nekiki (second-person singular)
fekiki (plural second-person)
ikiki (inanimate singular third-person)
dekiki (inanimate plural third-person)
ikiki (animate singular third-person)
dekiki (animate plural third-person)
nikiki (imperative singular)
kiki (imperative singular)
fikiki (imperative plural)
kiki (imperative plural)

Said by Voorhoeve to be from Malay gigit.


yo

de tifiam yo

sentence-final action negation particle; not


ma

mene me mo oma

this is his child (literally, “this (is) he his child”)

da kabi mo gou

(animate) third-person possessive pronoun, its


ma

pala ma ilamo

oma ma


ma

toi ipongi, ma tasagal yo


pala

Compare Ternate fala, Tidore fola, Tabaru woa, etc.

pala ne ilamo


tala

tatala (first-person singular)
matala (first-person inclusive plural)
atala (exclusive first-person plural)
natala (second-person singular)
fatala (plural second-person)
itala (inanimate singular third-person)
datala (inanimate plural third-person)
itala (animate singular third-person)
datala (animate plural third-person)
natala (imperative singular)
tala (imperative singular)
fatala (imperative plural)
tala (imperative plural)


oi

tioi (first-person singular)
mioi (first-person inclusive plural)
aoi (exclusive first-person plural)
nioi (second-person singular)
fioi (plural second-person)
ioi (inanimate singular third-person)
dioi (inanimate plural third-person)
maoi (animate singular third-person)
dioi (animate plural third-person)


bole

From Malay boleh (“can, may, possible”).


fete

Possibly from an older fote (if not an error), recorded in van der Crab's De Moluksche Eilanden's wordlist. Cognate with Ternate hate (“tree”).

iso fete


amo

isapama amo...

why is it that... (literally, “why is the reason...”)


amo

(subordinating) because, since (literally, "the reason is")


mete

temete (first-person singular)
memete (first-person inclusive plural)
amete (exclusive first-person plural)
nemete (second-person singular)
femete (plural second-person)
imete (inanimate singular third-person)
demete (inanimate plural third-person)
imete (animate singular third-person)
demete (animate plural third-person)
nemete (imperative singular)
mete (imperative singular)
femete (imperative plural)
mete (imperative plural)

Likely cognate with Ternate mote (“to follow”).


sou

Likely cognate with Ternate sou (“medicine”).


tas

From Malay tas, from Dutch tas, possibly through Ternate.


maki

tamaki (first-person singular)
mamaki (first-person inclusive plural)
amaki (exclusive first-person plural)
namaki (second-person singular)
famaki (plural second-person)
imaki (inanimate singular third-person)
damaki (inanimate plural third-person)
imaki (animate singular third-person)
damaki (animate plural third-person)
namaki (imperative singular)
maki (imperative singular)
famaki (imperative plural)
maki (imperative plural)


mato

timato (first-person singular)
mimato (first-person inclusive plural)
amato (exclusive first-person plural)
nimato (second-person singular)
fimato (plural second-person)
imato (inanimate singular third-person)
dimato (inanimate plural third-person)
mamato (animate singular third-person)
dimato (animate plural third-person)

Possibly from East Makian matuo (“old (of people)”).


masi

timasi (first-person singular)
mimasi (first-person inclusive plural)
amasi (exclusive first-person plural)
nimasi (second-person singular)
fimasi (plural second-person)
imasi (inanimate singular third-person)
dimasi (inanimate plural third-person)
mamasi (animate singular third-person)
dimasi (animate plural third-person)

(stative) to be finished, completed; for nothing to be left


poli

topoli (first-person singular)
mopoli (first-person inclusive plural)
apoli (exclusive first-person plural)
nopoli (second-person singular)
fopoli (plural second-person)
ipoli (inanimate singular third-person)
dopoli (inanimate plural third-person)
ipoli (animate singular third-person)
dopoli (animate plural third-person)
nopoli (imperative singular)
poli (imperative singular)
fopoli (imperative plural)
poli (imperative plural)


isa

tiisa (first-person singular)
miisa (first-person inclusive plural)
aisa (exclusive first-person plural)
niisa (second-person singular)
fiisa (plural second-person)
iisa (inanimate singular third-person)
diisa (inanimate plural third-person)
iisa (animate singular third-person)
diisa (animate plural third-person)
niisa (imperative singular)
isa (imperative singular)
fiisa (imperative plural)
isa (imperative plural)

isa pala

isa ipi

isa musala


fi

From Proto-North Halmahera *kahi (“skin”).

ituka mefi

fete de fi

laia de fi


kaku

tikaku (first-person singular)
mikaku (first-person inclusive plural)
akaku (exclusive first-person plural)
nikaku (second-person singular)
fikaku (plural second-person)
ikaku (inanimate singular third-person)
dikaku (inanimate plural third-person)
makaku (animate singular third-person)
dikaku (animate plural third-person)


motor

Possibly a shortening of Dutch motorboot (“motorboat”).


logos

Said by Voorhoeve to be of Austronesian origin.


sarong

peda da sarong


mia

timia (first-person singular)
mimia (first-person inclusive plural)
amia (exclusive first-person plural)
nimia (second-person singular)
fimia (plural second-person)
imia (inanimate singular third-person)
dimia (inanimate plural third-person)
mamia (animate singular third-person)
dimia (animate plural third-person)


bori

tobori (first-person singular)
mobori (first-person inclusive plural)
abori (exclusive first-person plural)
nobori (second-person singular)
fobori (plural second-person)
ibori (inanimate singular third-person)
dobori (inanimate plural third-person)
ibori (animate singular third-person)
dobori (animate plural third-person)
nobori (imperative singular)
bori (imperative singular)
fobori (imperative plural)
bori (imperative plural)

Compare East Makian bolit (“to sharpen”).


bulo

tibulo (first-person singular)
mibulo (first-person inclusive plural)
abulo (exclusive first-person plural)
nibulo (second-person singular)
fibulo (plural second-person)
ibulo (inanimate singular third-person)
dibulo (inanimate plural third-person)
mabulo (animate singular third-person)
dibulo (animate plural third-person)


aso

da aso ikiki de


toi

toi ipongi, ma tasagal yo


foutu

tofoutu (first-person singular)
mofoutu (first-person inclusive plural)
afoutu (exclusive first-person plural)
nofoutu (second-person singular)
fofoutu (plural second-person)
ifoutu (inanimate singular third-person)
dofoutu (inanimate plural third-person)
ifoutu (animate singular third-person)
dofoutu (animate plural third-person)
nofoutu (imperative singular)
foutu (imperative singular)
fofoutu (imperative plural)
foutu (imperative plural)


coo

tocoo (first-person singular)
mocoo (first-person inclusive plural)
acoo (exclusive first-person plural)
nocoo (second-person singular)
focoo (plural second-person)
icoo (inanimate singular third-person)
docoo (inanimate plural third-person)
icoo (animate singular third-person)
docoo (animate plural third-person)
nocoo (imperative singular)
coo (imperative singular)
focoo (imperative plural)
coo (imperative plural)

(transitive) Alternative form of co (“to see”)


oso

tooso (first-person singular)
mooso (first-person inclusive plural)
aoso (exclusive first-person plural)
nooso (second-person singular)
fooso (plural second-person)
ioso (inanimate singular third-person)
dooso (inanimate plural third-person)
ioso (animate singular third-person)
dooso (animate plural third-person)
nooso (imperative singular)
oso (imperative singular)
fooso (imperative plural)
oso (imperative plural)


fu

tofu (first-person singular)
mofu (first-person inclusive plural)
afu (exclusive first-person plural)
nofu (second-person singular)
fofu (plural second-person)
ifu (inanimate singular third-person)
dofu (inanimate plural third-person)
ifu (animate singular third-person)
dofu (animate plural third-person)
nufu (imperative singular)
fu (imperative singular)
fufu (imperative plural)
fu (imperative plural)

Possibly related to the above etymology.


boba

tiboba (first-person singular)
miboba (first-person inclusive plural)
aboba (exclusive first-person plural)
niboba (second-person singular)
fiboba (plural second-person)
iboba (inanimate singular third-person)
diboba (inanimate plural third-person)
maboba (animate singular third-person)
diboba (animate plural third-person)

boba ti baba


koko

Possibly cognate with Ternate oko (“chin”).


foi

head

foi (inanimate mafoi, animate dimfoi, polite gomafoi)

mafoi (inanimate)
dimfoi (animate)
gomafoi (polite)


dee

tedee (first-person singular)
medee (first-person inclusive plural)
adee (exclusive first-person plural)
nedee (second-person singular)
fedee (plural second-person)
idee (inanimate singular third-person)
dedee (inanimate plural third-person)
idee (animate singular third-person)
dedee (animate plural third-person)
nedee (imperative singular)
dee (imperative singular)
fedee (imperative plural)
dee (imperative plural)

dee pe

idee yo

it is not enough (literally, “it does not reach”)


bali

tabali (first-person singular)
mabali (first-person inclusive plural)
abali (exclusive first-person plural)
nabali (second-person singular)
fabali (plural second-person)
ibali (inanimate singular third-person)
dabali (inanimate plural third-person)
ibali (animate singular third-person)
dabali (animate plural third-person)
nabali (imperative singular)
bali (imperative singular)
fabali (imperative plural)
bali (imperative plural)

bali cingacinga


mo

tomo (first-person singular)
momo (first-person inclusive plural)
amo (exclusive first-person plural)
nomo (second-person singular)
fomo (plural second-person)
imo (inanimate singular third-person)
domo (inanimate plural third-person)
imo (animate singular third-person)
domo (animate plural third-person)
nomo (imperative singular)
mo (imperative singular)
fomo (imperative plural)
mo (imperative plural)


mo

For the semantic development of the interjection, compare Spanish ya (“already; come on!”).


mo

timo (first-person singular)
mimo (first-person inclusive plural)
amo (exclusive first-person plural)
nimo (second-person singular)
fimo (plural second-person)
imo (inanimate singular third-person)
dimo (inanimate plural third-person)
mamo (animate singular third-person)
dimo (animate plural third-person)

(stative) alternative form of mu (“ripe”)


imu

imu ini?

imu itulis mene?

imu madadi sangaji?

imu ma?

whose? (ma here follows West Makian vowel harmony)


utu

toutu (first-person singular)
moutu (first-person inclusive plural)
autu (exclusive first-person plural)
noutu (second-person singular)
foutu (plural second-person)
iutu (inanimate singular third-person)
doutu (inanimate plural third-person)
iutu (animate singular third-person)
doutu (animate plural third-person)
nuutu (imperative singular)
utu (imperative singular)
fuutu (imperative plural)
utu (imperative plural)

Possibly compare Ternate wito, Sahu itomo.


isi

tiisi (first-person singular)
miisi (first-person inclusive plural)
aisi (exclusive first-person plural)
niisi (second-person singular)
fiisi (plural second-person)
iisi (inanimate singular third-person)
diisi (inanimate plural third-person)
iisi (animate singular third-person)
diisi (animate plural third-person)
niisi (imperative singular)
isi (imperative singular)
fiisi (imperative plural)
isi (imperative plural)


sii

tesii (first-person singular)
mesii (first-person inclusive plural)
asii (exclusive first-person plural)
nesii (second-person singular)
fesii (plural second-person)
isii (inanimate singular third-person)
desii (inanimate plural third-person)
isii (animate singular third-person)
desii (animate plural third-person)
nisii (imperative singular)
sii (imperative singular)
fisii (imperative plural)
sii (imperative plural)


afi

Possibly related to Ternate aha (“plantation”).


fari

puas da fari


a

tia (first-person singular)
mia (first-person inclusive plural)
aa (exclusive first-person plural)
nia (second-person singular)
fia (plural second-person)
ia (inanimate singular third-person)
dia (inanimate plural third-person)
maa (animate singular third-person)
dia (animate plural third-person)


a

tia (first-person singular)
mia (first-person inclusive plural)
aa (exclusive first-person plural)
nia (second-person singular)
fia (plural second-person)
ia (inanimate singular third-person)
dia (inanimate plural third-person)
ia (animate singular third-person)
dia (animate plural third-person)
nia (imperative singular)
a (imperative singular)
fia (imperative plural)
a (imperative plural)

(transitive) Alternative form of am (“to eat”)


timi

tetimi (first-person singular)
metimi (first-person inclusive plural)
atimi (exclusive first-person plural)
netimi (second-person singular)
fetimi (plural second-person)
itimi (inanimate singular third-person)
detimi (inanimate plural third-person)
itimi (animate singular third-person)
detimi (animate plural third-person)
nitimi (imperative singular)
timi (imperative singular)
fitimi (imperative plural)
timi (imperative plural)

win itimi


pasi

tapasi (first-person singular)
mapasi (first-person inclusive plural)
apasi (exclusive first-person plural)
napasi (second-person singular)
fapasi (plural second-person)
ipasi (inanimate singular third-person)
dapasi (inanimate plural third-person)
ipasi (animate singular third-person)
dapasi (animate plural third-person)
napasi (imperative singular)
pasi (imperative singular)
fapasi (imperative plural)
pasi (imperative plural)


sampan

From Indonesian sampan, from Classical Malay سمڤن (sampan), from Hokkien 舢板 (sam-pán).


tope

de tope tefiam


unge

unge (inanimate iunge, animate dimaunge, polite goiunge)

iunge (inanimate)
dimaunge (animate)
goiunge (polite)

ini unge


dene

From de (“I”) + ne (“this”). Compare dema.

dene musti tidadi puni

(emphatic) first-person singular pronoun, I here


maya

timaya (first-person singular)
mimaya (first-person inclusive plural)
amaya (exclusive first-person plural)
nimaya (second-person singular)
fimaya (plural second-person)
imaya (inanimate singular third-person)
dimaya (inanimate plural third-person)
mamaya (animate singular third-person)
dimaya (animate plural third-person)


imi

Possibly sharing the same stem as Ternate ngomi.

first-person plural exclusive pronoun, we


gode

tigode (first-person singular)
migode (first-person inclusive plural)
agode (exclusive first-person plural)
nigode (second-person singular)
figode (plural second-person)
igode (inanimate singular third-person)
digode (inanimate plural third-person)
magode (animate singular third-person)
digode (animate plural third-person)


wudu

towudu (first-person singular)
mowudu (first-person inclusive plural)
awudu (exclusive first-person plural)
nowudu (second-person singular)
fowudu (plural second-person)
iwudu (inanimate singular third-person)
dowudu (inanimate plural third-person)
iwudu (animate singular third-person)
dowudu (animate plural third-person)
nuwudu (imperative singular)
wudu (imperative singular)
fuwudu (imperative plural)
wudu (imperative plural)

(intransitive) Alternative form of udu (“to blow”)


efi

tiefi (first-person singular)
miefi (first-person inclusive plural)
aefi (exclusive first-person plural)
niefi (second-person singular)
fiefi (plural second-person)
iefi (inanimate singular third-person)
diefi (inanimate plural third-person)
maefi (animate singular third-person)
diefi (animate plural third-person)

(stative) alternative form of efii (“raw”)


ae

taae (first-person singular)
maae (first-person inclusive plural)
aae (exclusive first-person plural)
naae (second-person singular)
faae (plural second-person)
iae (inanimate singular third-person)
daae (inanimate plural third-person)
iae (animate singular third-person)
daae (animate plural third-person)
naae (imperative singular)
ae (imperative singular)
faae (imperative plural)
ae (imperative plural)

Possibly cognate with Ternate hohe (“to laugh”).


mancia

From Ternate mancia, from older Ternate manusia, from Malay manusia, from Sanskrit मनुष्य (manuṣya).


wa

tawa (first-person singular)
mawa (first-person inclusive plural)
awa (exclusive first-person plural)
nawa (second-person singular)
fawa (plural second-person)
iwa (inanimate singular third-person)
dawa (inanimate plural third-person)
iwa (animate singular third-person)
dawa (animate plural third-person)
nawa (imperative singular)
wa (imperative singular)
fawa (imperative plural)
wa (imperative plural)


loka

From East Makian [Term?]. Compare Balantak loka'.


pana

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *panaq.


pana

tapana (first-person singular)
mapana (first-person inclusive plural)
apana (exclusive first-person plural)
napana (second-person singular)
fapana (plural second-person)
ipana (inanimate singular third-person)
dapana (inanimate plural third-person)
ipana (animate singular third-person)
dapana (animate plural third-person)
napana (imperative singular)
pana (imperative singular)
fapana (imperative plural)
pana (imperative plural)

tapana me


piga

From Ternate piga (“large plate”), from Malay pinggan, from Classical Persian پنگان (pingān).


epe

ojaga epe

lo pama epe?

maminye epe


ti-

first-person singular possessive prefix, my


pai

tapai (first-person singular)
mapai (first-person inclusive plural)
apai (exclusive first-person plural)
napai (second-person singular)
fapai (plural second-person)
ipai (inanimate singular third-person)
dapai (inanimate plural third-person)
ipai (animate singular third-person)
dapai (animate plural third-person)
napai (imperative singular)
pai (imperative singular)
fapai (imperative plural)
pai (imperative plural)


fatum

tafatum (first-person singular)
mafatum (first-person inclusive plural)
afatum (exclusive first-person plural)
nafatum (second-person singular)
fafatum (plural second-person)
ifatum (inanimate singular third-person)
dafatum (inanimate plural third-person)
ifatum (animate singular third-person)
dafatum (animate plural third-person)
nafatum (imperative singular)
fatum (imperative singular)
fafatum (imperative plural)
fatum (imperative plural)

May be the same as West Makian fatung (“to sniff”).


eme

Perhaps related to West Makian me (“he, she, it”).

ifiteng eme

(polite) third-person singular pronoun, he (him), she (her)


i-

ico

pala ne ilamo

third-person singular clitic, he, she, it


oras

From North Moluccan Malay, from Portuguese horas.

oras mine

now (literally, “this time, this moment”)


karena

An unadapted borrowing from Indonesian karena, preserving the schwa.


sito

naai sito?

ni sito?


musti

dene musti tidadi puni

(modal, auxiliary) to be necessary, to have to, must


telo

tetelo (first-person singular)
metelo (first-person inclusive plural)
atelo (exclusive first-person plural)
netelo (second-person singular)
fetelo (plural second-person)
itelo (inanimate singular third-person)
detelo (inanimate plural third-person)
itelo (animate singular third-person)
detelo (animate plural third-person)
netelo (imperative singular)
telo (imperative singular)
fetelo (imperative plural)
telo (imperative plural)


dogo

todogo (first-person singular)
modogo (first-person inclusive plural)
adogo (exclusive first-person plural)
nodogo (second-person singular)
fodogo (plural second-person)
idogo (inanimate singular third-person)
dodogo (inanimate plural third-person)
idogo (animate singular third-person)
dodogo (animate plural third-person)
nodogo (imperative singular)
dogo (imperative singular)
fodogo (imperative plural)
dogo (imperative plural)


asal

From Indonesian asal, from Arabic أَصْل (ʔaṣl).


cio

tecio (first-person singular)
mecio (first-person inclusive plural)
acio (exclusive first-person plural)
necio (second-person singular)
fecio (plural second-person)
icio (inanimate singular third-person)
decio (inanimate plural third-person)
icio (animate singular third-person)
decio (animate plural third-person)
nicio (imperative singular)
cio (imperative singular)
ficio (imperative plural)
cio (imperative plural)


namu

Cognate with Ternate namo (“bird, chicken”).


gua

Likely cognate with Tabaru goa and possibly Ternate ugu.


kursi

From Malay kursi, from Arabic كُرْسِيّ (kursiyy).


oto

tooto (first-person singular)
mooto (first-person inclusive plural)
aoto (exclusive first-person plural)
nooto (second-person singular)
footo (plural second-person)
ioto (inanimate singular third-person)
dooto (inanimate plural third-person)
ioto (animate singular third-person)
dooto (animate plural third-person)
nooto (imperative singular)
oto (imperative singular)
footo (imperative plural)
oto (imperative plural)


susu

tosusu (first-person singular)
mosusu (first-person inclusive plural)
asusu (exclusive first-person plural)
nosusu (second-person singular)
fosusu (plural second-person)
isusu (inanimate singular third-person)
dosusu (inanimate plural third-person)
isusu (animate singular third-person)
dosusu (animate plural third-person)
nususu (imperative singular)
susu (imperative singular)
fususu (imperative plural)
susu (imperative plural)


pasar

From Malay pasar, from Tamil பசார் (pacār), from Classical Persian بازار (bāzār), from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (wʾčʾl /wāzār/).


loto

tiloto (first-person singular)
miloto (first-person inclusive plural)
aloto (exclusive first-person plural)
niloto (second-person singular)
filoto (plural second-person)
iloto (inanimate singular third-person)
diloto (inanimate plural third-person)
maloto (animate singular third-person)
diloto (animate plural third-person)


bele

tibele (first-person singular)
mibele (first-person inclusive plural)
abele (exclusive first-person plural)
nibele (second-person singular)
fibele (plural second-person)
ibele (inanimate singular third-person)
dibele (inanimate plural third-person)
mabele (animate singular third-person)
dibele (animate plural third-person)

de ti bele


bilu

Likely related to Malay buluh (“bamboo”), in which case ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *buluq.


dema

From de (“I”) + ma (“that”). Compare dene.

dema takarja wayo

(Can we date this quote?), “Nimama dofono”:

(emphatic) first-person singular pronoun, I there


minya

timinya (first-person singular)
miminya (first-person inclusive plural)
aminya (exclusive first-person plural)
niminya (second-person singular)
fiminya (plural second-person)
iminya (inanimate singular third-person)
diminya (inanimate plural third-person)
maminya (animate singular third-person)
diminya (animate plural third-person)


papu

Alternative form of paapu (“knee, elbow, corner”)


cofa

Said by Collins to possibly be from North Moluccan Malay [Term?].


wado

tawado (first-person singular)
mawado (first-person inclusive plural)
awado (exclusive first-person plural)
nawado (second-person singular)
fawado (plural second-person)
iwado (inanimate singular third-person)
dawado (inanimate plural third-person)
iwado (animate singular third-person)
dawado (animate plural third-person)
nawado (imperative singular)
wado (imperative singular)
fawado (imperative plural)
wado (imperative plural)

Cognate with Ternate waro (“to know”), Tobelo waho.

oras mine hanso tawado

2021, Yongki Indu Karam (lyrics and music), “Cinta Ne Idadi Haene ma”:


bosi

tibosi (first-person singular)
mibosi (first-person inclusive plural)
abosi (exclusive first-person plural)
nibosi (second-person singular)
fibosi (plural second-person)
ibosi (inanimate singular third-person)
dibosi (inanimate plural third-person)
mabosi (animate singular third-person)
dibosi (animate plural third-person)

Postulated by Voorhoeve to have derived from earlier *obosi, from *ḋobosi, in which case cognate with Ternate hobo (“swollen”).


fico

tefico (first-person singular)
mefico (first-person inclusive plural)
afico (exclusive first-person plural)
nefico (second-person singular)
fefico (plural second-person)
ifico (inanimate singular third-person)
defico (inanimate plural third-person)
ifico (animate singular third-person)
defico (animate plural third-person)
nifico (imperative singular)
fico (imperative singular)
fifico (imperative plural)
fico (imperative plural)


garo

tagaro (first-person singular)
magaro (first-person inclusive plural)
agaro (exclusive first-person plural)
nagaro (second-person singular)
fagaro (plural second-person)
igaro (inanimate singular third-person)
dagaro (inanimate plural third-person)
igaro (animate singular third-person)
dagaro (animate plural third-person)
nagaro (imperative singular)
garo (imperative singular)
fagaro (imperative plural)
garo (imperative plural)

Said by Collins to be from North Moluccan Malay [Term?]. Compare Sundanese ᮌᮛᮧ (garo, “to scratch”).

(transitive) to scrape (a coconut, etc.)


marica

Ultimately from Malay merica, from Pali marica, from Sanskrit मरिच (marica). Compare Ternate rica.


posa

toposa (first-person singular)
moposa (first-person inclusive plural)
aposa (exclusive first-person plural)
noposa (second-person singular)
foposa (plural second-person)
iposa (inanimate singular third-person)
doposa (inanimate plural third-person)
iposa (animate singular third-person)
doposa (animate plural third-person)
noposa (imperative singular)
posa (imperative singular)
foposa (imperative plural)
posa (imperative plural)

Cognate with East Makian posa (“to boil”).


golo

tigolo (first-person singular)
migolo (first-person inclusive plural)
agolo (exclusive first-person plural)
nigolo (second-person singular)
figolo (plural second-person)
igolo (inanimate singular third-person)
digolo (inanimate plural third-person)
magolo (animate singular third-person)
digolo (animate plural third-person)

pala ne igolo omo


fae

tafae (first-person singular)
mafae (first-person inclusive plural)
afae (exclusive first-person plural)
nafae (second-person singular)
fafae (plural second-person)
ifae (inanimate singular third-person)
dafae (inanimate plural third-person)
ifae (animate singular third-person)
dafae (animate plural third-person)
nafae (imperative singular)
fae (imperative singular)
fafae (imperative plural)
fae (imperative plural)


beti

Said by Voorhoeve to be from North Moluccan Malay [Term?]. Compare North Moluccan Malay pece (“mud”), Indonesian becek (“mud”), Ternate bece (“dust”).


kou

tokou (first-person singular)
mokou (first-person inclusive plural)
akou (exclusive first-person plural)
nokou (second-person singular)
fokou (plural second-person)
ikou (inanimate singular third-person)
dokou (inanimate plural third-person)
ikou (animate singular third-person)
dokou (animate plural third-person)
nokou (imperative singular)
kou (imperative singular)
fokou (imperative plural)
kou (imperative plural)


bebe

tebebe (first-person singular)
mebebe (first-person inclusive plural)
abebe (exclusive first-person plural)
nebebe (second-person singular)
febebe (plural second-person)
ibebe (inanimate singular third-person)
debebe (inanimate plural third-person)
ibebe (animate singular third-person)
debebe (animate plural third-person)
nebebe (imperative singular)
bebe (imperative singular)
febebe (imperative plural)
bebe (imperative plural)


calan

calan lo awoisiwe lo siwe


balas

tabalas (first-person singular)
mabalas (first-person inclusive plural)
abalas (exclusive first-person plural)
nabalas (second-person singular)
fabalas (plural second-person)
ibalas (inanimate singular third-person)
dabalas (inanimate plural third-person)
ibalas (animate singular third-person)
dabalas (animate plural third-person)
nabalas (imperative singular)
balas (imperative singular)
fabalas (imperative plural)
balas (imperative plural)


baso

tabaso (first-person singular)
mabaso (first-person inclusive plural)
abaso (exclusive first-person plural)
nabaso (second-person singular)
fabaso (plural second-person)
ibaso (inanimate singular third-person)
dabaso (inanimate plural third-person)
ibaso (animate singular third-person)
dabaso (animate plural third-person)
nabaso (imperative singular)
baso (imperative singular)
fabaso (imperative plural)
baso (imperative plural)


lamo

tilamo (first-person singular)
milamo (first-person inclusive plural)
alamo (exclusive first-person plural)
nilamo (second-person singular)
filamo (plural second-person)
ilamo (inanimate singular third-person)
dilamo (inanimate plural third-person)
malamo (animate singular third-person)
dilamo (animate plural third-person)


podo

topodo (first-person singular)
mopodo (first-person inclusive plural)
apodo (exclusive first-person plural)
nopodo (second-person singular)
fopodo (plural second-person)
ipodo (inanimate singular third-person)
dopodo (inanimate plural third-person)
ipodo (animate singular third-person)
dopodo (animate plural third-person)
nopodo (imperative singular)
podo (imperative singular)
fopodo (imperative plural)
podo (imperative plural)

fopodo paruwia?


piso

From Malay pisau, likely through North Moluccan Malay [Term?].


mame

tamame (first-person singular)
mamame (first-person inclusive plural)
amame (exclusive first-person plural)
namame (second-person singular)
famame (plural second-person)
imame (inanimate singular third-person)
damame (inanimate plural third-person)
imame (animate singular third-person)
damame (animate plural third-person)
namame (imperative singular)
mame (imperative singular)
famame (imperative plural)
mame (imperative plural)


mamo

If related to mamu (“mother”), then compare Ternate tuguhera.


cahaya

tacahaya (first-person singular)
macahaya (first-person inclusive plural)
acahaya (exclusive first-person plural)
nacahaya (second-person singular)
facahaya (plural second-person)
icahaya (inanimate singular third-person)
dacahaya (inanimate plural third-person)
icahaya (animate singular third-person)
dacahaya (animate plural third-person)
nacahaya (imperative singular)
cahaya (imperative singular)
facahaya (imperative plural)
cahaya (imperative plural)

From Malay cahaya, from Sanskrit छाया (chāyā).


longo

longo da at

longo da papa


irus

Cognate with Ternate iru (“spoon, ladle”).


karja

takarja (first-person singular)
makarja (first-person inclusive plural)
akarja (exclusive first-person plural)
nakarja (second-person singular)
fakarja (plural second-person)
ikarja (inanimate singular third-person)
dakarja (inanimate plural third-person)
ikarja (animate singular third-person)
dakarja (animate plural third-person)
nakarja (imperative singular)
karja (imperative singular)
fakarja (imperative plural)
karja (imperative plural)

dema takarja wayo


gei

tigei (first-person singular)
migei (first-person inclusive plural)
agei (exclusive first-person plural)
nigei (second-person singular)
figei (plural second-person)
igei (inanimate singular third-person)
digei (inanimate plural third-person)
magei (animate singular third-person)
digei (animate plural third-person)

From original gai, recorded in van der Crab's De Moluksche Eilanden's wordlist (as gaie).

(stative) alternative form of gai (“dead”)


sao

tasao (first-person singular)
masao (first-person inclusive plural)
asao (exclusive first-person plural)
nasao (second-person singular)
fasao (plural second-person)
isao (inanimate singular third-person)
dasao (inanimate plural third-person)
isao (animate singular third-person)
dasao (animate plural third-person)
nasao (imperative singular)
sao (imperative singular)
fasao (imperative plural)
sao (imperative plural)


teng

teteng (first-person singular)
meteng (first-person inclusive plural)
ateng (exclusive first-person plural)
neteng (second-person singular)
feteng (plural second-person)
iteng (inanimate singular third-person)
deteng (inanimate plural third-person)
iteng (animate singular third-person)
deteng (animate plural third-person)
neteng (imperative singular)
teng (imperative singular)
feteng (imperative plural)
teng (imperative plural)


teng

dabaso teng

I have heard word; I have heard (people) say


gou

(polite)


mou

timou (first-person singular)
mimou (first-person inclusive plural)
amou (exclusive first-person plural)
nimou (second-person singular)
fimou (plural second-person)
imou (inanimate singular third-person)
dimou (inanimate plural third-person)
mamou (animate singular third-person)
dimou (animate plural third-person)


dadi

tidadi (first-person singular)
midadi (first-person inclusive plural)
adadi (exclusive first-person plural)
nidadi (second-person singular)
fidadi (plural second-person)
idadi (inanimate singular third-person)
didadi (inanimate plural third-person)
madadi (animate singular third-person)
didadi (animate plural third-person)

Likely from Ternate dadi (“to become”), from Javanese ꦢꦢꦶ (dadi).

nidadi puni

madadi sangaji


ene

Possibly related to the stem found in Ternate ngone.

ene unge

first-person plural inclusive pronoun, we


gufi

(polite)


afe

te ti afe

ta pala da afe


kalu

takalu (first-person singular)
makalu (first-person inclusive plural)
akalu (exclusive first-person plural)
nakalu (second-person singular)
fakalu (plural second-person)
ikalu (inanimate singular third-person)
dakalu (inanimate plural third-person)
ikalu (animate singular third-person)
dakalu (animate plural third-person)
nakalu (imperative singular)
kalu (imperative singular)
fakalu (imperative plural)
kalu (imperative plural)


mene

From me (3rd singular pronoun) + ne (“this”).

niam do loka mene yo


mene

mene de ti pala


sarake

tasarake (first-person singular)
masarake (first-person inclusive plural)
asarake (exclusive first-person plural)
nasarake (second-person singular)
fasarake (plural second-person)
isarake (inanimate singular third-person)
dasarake (inanimate plural third-person)
isarake (animate singular third-person)
dasarake (animate plural third-person)
nasarake (imperative singular)
sarake (imperative singular)
fasarake (imperative plural)
sarake (imperative plural)

(transitive) alternative form of sarke (“to shove”)


osu

toosu (first-person singular)
moosu (first-person inclusive plural)
aosu (exclusive first-person plural)
noosu (second-person singular)
foosu (plural second-person)
iosu (inanimate singular third-person)
doosu (inanimate plural third-person)
iosu (animate singular third-person)
doosu (animate plural third-person)
noosu (imperative singular)
osu (imperative singular)
foosu (imperative plural)
osu (imperative plural)

(intransitive) to get up, to rise (from sitting)

(intransitive) to get up, to wake up (from sleep)


kurus

tikurus (first-person singular)
mikurus (first-person inclusive plural)
akurus (exclusive first-person plural)
nikurus (second-person singular)
fikurus (plural second-person)
ikurus (inanimate singular third-person)
dikurus (inanimate plural third-person)
makurus (animate singular third-person)
dikurus (animate plural third-person)


da-

da pala do bungbangi

(inanimate) third-person singular possessive prefix, its

do gupa ma feberesi

Da mai magol.

mai da magol

win da safo

afi da rata


da-

doco

da lagei deiteng

(polite) third-person singular clitic, he, she


nema

carita nema


kabi

From Ternate kabi, from Classical Malay کمبيڠ (kambing).


fita

tifita (first-person singular)
mifita (first-person inclusive plural)
afita (exclusive first-person plural)
nifita (second-person singular)
fifita (plural second-person)
ifita (inanimate singular third-person)
difita (inanimate plural third-person)
mafita (animate singular third-person)
difita (animate plural third-person)


fidi

tefidi (first-person singular)
mefidi (first-person inclusive plural)
afidi (exclusive first-person plural)
nefidi (second-person singular)
fefidi (plural second-person)
ifidi (inanimate singular third-person)
defidi (inanimate plural third-person)
ifidi (animate singular third-person)
defidi (animate plural third-person)
nifidi (imperative singular)
fidi (imperative singular)
fifidi (imperative plural)
fidi (imperative plural)

(transitive) to pull out (plants, by their roots)


tifi

tetifi (first-person singular)
metifi (first-person inclusive plural)
atifi (exclusive first-person plural)
netifi (second-person singular)
fetifi (plural second-person)
itifi (inanimate singular third-person)
detifi (inanimate plural third-person)
itifi (animate singular third-person)
detifi (animate plural third-person)
nitifi (imperative singular)
tifi (imperative singular)
fitifi (imperative plural)
tifi (imperative plural)


bafo

tibafo (first-person singular)
mibafo (first-person inclusive plural)
abafo (exclusive first-person plural)
nibafo (second-person singular)
fibafo (plural second-person)
ibafo (inanimate singular third-person)
dibafo (inanimate plural third-person)
mabafo (animate singular third-person)
dibafo (animate plural third-person)
tabafo (first-person singular)
mabafo (first-person inclusive plural)
abafo (exclusive first-person plural)
nabafo (second-person singular)
fabafo (plural second-person)
ibafo (inanimate singular third-person)
dabafo (inanimate plural third-person)
ibafo (animate singular third-person)
dabafo (animate plural third-person)
nabafo (imperative singular)
bafo (imperative singular)
fabafo (imperative plural)
bafo (imperative plural)


tobo

totobo (first-person singular)
motobo (first-person inclusive plural)
atobo (exclusive first-person plural)
notobo (second-person singular)
fotobo (plural second-person)
itobo (inanimate singular third-person)
dotobo (inanimate plural third-person)
itobo (animate singular third-person)
dotobo (animate plural third-person)
notobo (imperative singular)
tobo (imperative singular)
fotobo (imperative plural)
tobo (imperative plural)


pake

wolot nao ma imaulu pake


faka

Compare East Makian hakal (“fence”) and possibly Malay pagar (“fence”).


adu

taadu (first-person singular)
maadu (first-person inclusive plural)
aadu (exclusive first-person plural)
naadu (second-person singular)
faadu (plural second-person)
iadu (inanimate singular third-person)
daadu (inanimate plural third-person)
iadu (animate singular third-person)
daadu (animate plural third-person)
naadu (imperative singular)
adu (imperative singular)
faadu (imperative plural)
adu (imperative plural)


naka

From Malay nangka, likely through Ternate naka.

Artocarpus heterophyllus
Artocarpus heterophyllus#Translingual


esi

Postulated by Voorhoeve to have derived (by regressive vowel assimilation) from an older *osi, from *gosi (by loss of initial velars). Cognate with Tidore gosi (“egg”).


moci

timoci (first-person singular)
mimoci (first-person inclusive plural)
amoci (exclusive first-person plural)
nimoci (second-person singular)
fimoci (plural second-person)
imoci (inanimate singular third-person)
dimoci (inanimate plural third-person)
mamoci (animate singular third-person)
dimoci (animate plural third-person)


mumu

tomumu (first-person singular)
momumu (first-person inclusive plural)
amumu (exclusive first-person plural)
nomumu (second-person singular)
fomumu (plural second-person)
imumu (inanimate singular third-person)
domumu (inanimate plural third-person)
imumu (animate singular third-person)
domumu (animate plural third-person)
numumu (imperative singular)
mumu (imperative singular)
fumumu (imperative plural)
mumu (imperative plural)


kadu

takadu (first-person singular)
makadu (first-person inclusive plural)
akadu (exclusive first-person plural)
nakadu (second-person singular)
fakadu (plural second-person)
ikadu (inanimate singular third-person)
dakadu (inanimate plural third-person)
ikadu (animate singular third-person)
dakadu (animate plural third-person)
nakadu (imperative singular)
kadu (imperative singular)
fakadu (imperative plural)
kadu (imperative plural)


reu

tereu (first-person singular)
mereu (first-person inclusive plural)
areu (exclusive first-person plural)
nereu (second-person singular)
fereu (plural second-person)
ireu (inanimate singular third-person)
dereu (inanimate plural third-person)
ireu (animate singular third-person)
dereu (animate plural third-person)
nereu (imperative singular)
reu (imperative singular)
fereu (imperative plural)
reu (imperative plural)


feni

Possibly from an older fani (if not an error), recorded in van der Crab's De Moluksche Eilanden's wordlist (as fanie). Compare Ternate paniki (“bat”) and also East Makian nhik.


pait

tapait (first-person singular)
mapait (first-person inclusive plural)
apait (exclusive first-person plural)
napait (second-person singular)
fapait (plural second-person)
ipait (inanimate singular third-person)
dapait (inanimate plural third-person)
ipait (animate singular third-person)
dapait (animate plural third-person)
napait (imperative singular)
pait (imperative singular)
fapait (imperative plural)
pait (imperative plural)


tulis

totulis (first-person singular)
motulis (first-person inclusive plural)
atulis (exclusive first-person plural)
notulis (second-person singular)
fotulis (plural second-person)
itulis (inanimate singular third-person)
dotulis (inanimate plural third-person)
itulis (animate singular third-person)
dotulis (animate plural third-person)
nutulis (imperative singular)
tulis (imperative singular)
futulis (imperative plural)
tulis (imperative plural)

imu itulis mene?


pangan

Cognate with Ternate banga, Tabaru bongana.


fi-

fi- + co (“to see”) → fico (“to look at, keep an eye on”)

a prefix of generally unknown function
indicates active involvement

fi- + teng (“to say”) → fiteng (“to say (to someone)”)

derives transitive verbs from intransitive verbs

fi- + am (“to eat (tr.)”) → fiam (“to eat (intr.)”)

derives intransitive verbs from transitive verbs

fi- + toga (“to pull up (an anchor)”) → fitoga (“to withdraw (a machete, etc.)”)

a prefix of generally unknown function
extends the root semantically


fi-

Alternative form of fa- (derivational prefix) when preceded by a root-initial i


fi-

Alternative form of fa- (“you all”) when preceded by a root-initial i


fi-

second-person plural possessive prefix, your


ede

head

ede (inanimate medeng, animate dimaede, polite gomedeng)

medeng (inanimate)
dimaede (animate)
gomedeng (polite)


kalah

takalah (first-person singular)
makalah (first-person inclusive plural)
akalah (exclusive first-person plural)
nakalah (second-person singular)
fakalah (plural second-person)
ikalah (inanimate singular third-person)
dakalah (inanimate plural third-person)
ikalah (animate singular third-person)
dakalah (animate plural third-person)
nakalah (imperative singular)
kalah (imperative singular)
fakalah (imperative plural)
kalah (imperative plural)


kohi

tikohi (first-person singular)
mikohi (first-person inclusive plural)
akohi (exclusive first-person plural)
nikohi (second-person singular)
fikohi (plural second-person)
ikohi (inanimate singular third-person)
dikohi (inanimate plural third-person)
makohi (animate singular third-person)
dikohi (animate plural third-person)


falei

tafalei (first-person singular)
mafalei (first-person inclusive plural)
afalei (exclusive first-person plural)
nafalei (second-person singular)
fafalei (plural second-person)
ifalei (inanimate singular third-person)
dafalei (inanimate plural third-person)
ifalei (animate singular third-person)
dafalei (animate plural third-person)
nafalei (imperative singular)
falei (imperative singular)
fafalei (imperative plural)
falei (imperative plural)

(transitive) alternative form of felei (“to search for lice”)


bulang

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bulan (“moon”), reflecting the original North Halmaheran nightly-reckoning system.

ibulang

do bulang fi


jadi

From Malay jadi, from Sanskrit जाति (jāti).


tuso

Cognate with, if not derived from, Ternate tuso (“having holes, to make a hole”).

cog

mudefete do tuso

nostril (literally, “the hole of the nose”)

gua do tuso

anus (literally, “the hole of the buttocks”)


tusa

Cognate with (if not from) Ternate tusa (“cat”).


fati

head

fati (inanimate ifati, animate dimfati, polite goifati)

ifati (inanimate)
dimfati (animate)
goifati (polite)

From Proto-North Halmahera, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


gisi

tegisi (first-person singular)
megisi (first-person inclusive plural)
agisi (exclusive first-person plural)
negisi (second-person singular)
fegisi (plural second-person)
igisi (inanimate singular third-person)
degisi (inanimate plural third-person)
igisi (animate singular third-person)
degisi (animate plural third-person)
nigisi (imperative singular)
gisi (imperative singular)
figisi (imperative plural)
gisi (imperative plural)


gawi

tigawi (first-person singular)
migawi (first-person inclusive plural)
agawi (exclusive first-person plural)
nigawi (second-person singular)
figawi (plural second-person)
igawi (inanimate singular third-person)
digawi (inanimate plural third-person)
magawi (animate singular third-person)
digawi (animate plural third-person)

(stative) to be deserted, lonely (of a place)


ekor

teekor (first-person singular)
meekor (first-person inclusive plural)
aekor (exclusive first-person plural)
neekor (second-person singular)
feekor (plural second-person)
iekor (inanimate singular third-person)
deekor (inanimate plural third-person)
iekor (animate singular third-person)
deekor (animate plural third-person)
neekor (imperative singular)
ekor (imperative singular)
feekor (imperative plural)
ekor (imperative plural)


kawe

takawe (first-person singular)
makawe (first-person inclusive plural)
akawe (exclusive first-person plural)
nakawe (second-person singular)
fakawe (plural second-person)
ikawe (inanimate singular third-person)
dakawe (inanimate plural third-person)
ikawe (animate singular third-person)
dakawe (animate plural third-person)
nakawe (imperative singular)
kawe (imperative singular)
fakawe (imperative plural)
kawe (imperative plural)


na-

first-person plural inclusive possessive prefix, our


na-

noco


wiji

tiwiji (first-person singular)
miwiji (first-person inclusive plural)
awiji (exclusive first-person plural)
niwiji (second-person singular)
fiwiji (plural second-person)
iwiji (inanimate singular third-person)
diwiji (inanimate plural third-person)
mawiji (animate singular third-person)
diwiji (animate plural third-person)

de tiwiji


joujou

A reduplication of jou (politeness morpheme), from Ternate jou (“lord”).

(informal)


carita

From Malay cerita, possibly through Ternate, from Pali carita, from Sanskrit चरित (carita).


tedi

tetedi (first-person singular)
metedi (first-person inclusive plural)
atedi (exclusive first-person plural)
netedi (second-person singular)
fetedi (plural second-person)
itedi (inanimate singular third-person)
detedi (inanimate plural third-person)
itedi (animate singular third-person)
detedi (animate plural third-person)
netedi (imperative singular)
tedi (imperative singular)
fetedi (imperative plural)
tedi (imperative plural)


baku

From East Makian baku (“sago, sago palm”).


pande

tipande (first-person singular)
mipande (first-person inclusive plural)
apande (exclusive first-person plural)
nipande (second-person singular)
fipande (plural second-person)
ipande (inanimate singular third-person)
dipande (inanimate plural third-person)
mapande (animate singular third-person)
dipande (animate plural third-person)


sopo

From Proto-North Halmahera *sopok (“fruit”).


yaya

Together with the polite baba (“father”), likely borrowed from Ternate yaya (“mother”).


badan

From Malay badan, from Arabic بَدَن (badan).


kaulo

tikaulo (first-person singular)
mikaulo (first-person inclusive plural)
akaulo (exclusive first-person plural)
nikaulo (second-person singular)
fikaulo (plural second-person)
ikaulo (inanimate singular third-person)
dikaulo (inanimate plural third-person)
makaulo (animate singular third-person)
dikaulo (animate plural third-person)


soa

tosoa (first-person singular)
mosoa (first-person inclusive plural)
asoa (exclusive first-person plural)
nosoa (second-person singular)
fosoa (plural second-person)
isoa (inanimate singular third-person)
dosoa (inanimate plural third-person)
isoa (animate singular third-person)
dosoa (animate plural third-person)
nosoa (imperative singular)
soa (imperative singular)
fosoa (imperative plural)
soa (imperative plural)


somo

Cognate with East Makian somo (“needle”).


wako

tawako (first-person singular)
mawako (first-person inclusive plural)
awako (exclusive first-person plural)
nawako (second-person singular)
fawako (plural second-person)
iwako (inanimate singular third-person)
dawako (inanimate plural third-person)
iwako (animate singular third-person)
dawako (animate plural third-person)
nawako (imperative singular)
wako (imperative singular)
fawako (imperative plural)
wako (imperative plural)


tabia

(polite) alternative form of tabea (“head”)


moki

timoki (first-person singular)
mimoki (first-person inclusive plural)
amoki (exclusive first-person plural)
nimoki (second-person singular)
fimoki (plural second-person)
imoki (inanimate singular third-person)
dimoki (inanimate plural third-person)
mamoki (animate singular third-person)
dimoki (animate plural third-person)

(stative) alternative form of moci (“blind”)


haiwan

From Malay haiwan (possibly through Ternate haiwan), from Classical Persian حیوان (haywān), from Arabic حَيَوَان (ḥayawān). Doublet of haiwani.


paa

tapaa (first-person singular)
mapaa (first-person inclusive plural)
apaa (exclusive first-person plural)
napaa (second-person singular)
fapaa (plural second-person)
ipaa (inanimate singular third-person)
dapaa (inanimate plural third-person)
ipaa (animate singular third-person)
dapaa (animate plural third-person)
napaa (imperative singular)
paa (imperative singular)
fapaa (imperative plural)
paa (imperative plural)

(transitive) to hit or strike with the hand


anso

Alternative form of ianso (“just, recently; newly”)


buba

tibuba (first-person singular)
mibuba (first-person inclusive plural)
abuba (exclusive first-person plural)
nibuba (second-person singular)
fibuba (plural second-person)
ibuba (inanimate singular third-person)
dibuba (inanimate plural third-person)
mabuba (animate singular third-person)
dibuba (animate plural third-person)

(stative) alternative form of boba (“to call, summon”)


fono

tofono (first-person singular)
mofono (first-person inclusive plural)
afono (exclusive first-person plural)
nofono (second-person singular)
fofono (plural second-person)
ifono (inanimate singular third-person)
dofono (inanimate plural third-person)
ifono (animate singular third-person)
dofono (animate plural third-person)
nofono (imperative singular)
fono (imperative singular)
fofono (imperative plural)
fono (imperative plural)


fasa

tafasa (first-person singular)
mafasa (first-person inclusive plural)
afasa (exclusive first-person plural)
nafasa (second-person singular)
fafasa (plural second-person)
ifasa (inanimate singular third-person)
dafasa (inanimate plural third-person)
ifasa (animate singular third-person)
dafasa (animate plural third-person)
nafasa (imperative singular)
fasa (imperative singular)
fafasa (imperative plural)
fasa (imperative plural)


dami

dami (inanimate idami, animate dimdami, polite goidami)

idami (inanimate)
dimdami (animate)
goidami (polite)


fatala

tafatala (first-person singular)
mafatala (first-person inclusive plural)
afatala (exclusive first-person plural)
nafatala (second-person singular)
fafatala (plural second-person)
ifatala (inanimate singular third-person)
dafatala (inanimate plural third-person)
ifatala (animate singular third-person)
dafatala (animate plural third-person)
nafatala (imperative singular)
fatala (imperative singular)
fafatala (imperative plural)
fatala (imperative plural)


filou

tifilou (first-person singular)
mifilou (first-person inclusive plural)
afilou (exclusive first-person plural)
nifilou (second-person singular)
fifilou (plural second-person)
ifilou (inanimate singular third-person)
difilou (inanimate plural third-person)
mafilou (animate singular third-person)
difilou (animate plural third-person)


kamma

Compare kamuma (“finger”). Perhaps also related to East Makian kamo (“hand”).


bebei

tibebei (first-person singular)
mibebei (first-person inclusive plural)
abebei (exclusive first-person plural)
nibebei (second-person singular)
fibebei (plural second-person)
ibebei (inanimate singular third-person)
dibebei (inanimate plural third-person)
mabebei (animate singular third-person)
dibebei (animate plural third-person)


sado

Said by Voorhoeve to be from East Makian [Term?].


gigo

Compare Ternate gogo (“body hair, fur, feathers”).

cog

badan de gigo


guta

toguta (first-person singular)
moguta (first-person inclusive plural)
aguta (exclusive first-person plural)
noguta (second-person singular)
foguta (plural second-person)
iguta (inanimate singular third-person)
doguta (inanimate plural third-person)
iguta (animate singular third-person)
doguta (animate plural third-person)
nuguta (imperative singular)
guta (imperative singular)
fuguta (imperative plural)
guta (imperative plural)

(transitive) to close the lid of; to shut, cover


fiam

tefiam (first-person singular)
mefiam (first-person inclusive plural)
afiam (exclusive first-person plural)
nefiam (second-person singular)
fefiam (plural second-person)
ifiam (inanimate singular third-person)
defiam (inanimate plural third-person)
ifiam (animate singular third-person)
defiam (animate plural third-person)
nifiam (imperative singular)
fiam (imperative singular)
fifiam (imperative plural)
fiam (imperative plural)


taji

tataji (first-person singular)
mataji (first-person inclusive plural)
ataji (exclusive first-person plural)
nataji (second-person singular)
fataji (plural second-person)
itaji (inanimate singular third-person)
dataji (inanimate plural third-person)
itaji (animate singular third-person)
dataji (animate plural third-person)
nataji (imperative singular)
taji (imperative singular)
fataji (imperative plural)
taji (imperative plural)

(transitive) to stab (with a knife, etc.)


tege

tetege (first-person singular)
metege (first-person inclusive plural)
atege (exclusive first-person plural)
netege (second-person singular)
fetege (plural second-person)
itege (inanimate singular third-person)
detege (inanimate plural third-person)
itege (animate singular third-person)
detege (animate plural third-person)
netege (imperative singular)
tege (imperative singular)
fetege (imperative plural)
tege (imperative plural)


sedor

tesedor (first-person singular)
mesedor (first-person inclusive plural)
asedor (exclusive first-person plural)
nesedor (second-person singular)
fesedor (plural second-person)
isedor (inanimate singular third-person)
desedor (inanimate plural third-person)
isedor (animate singular third-person)
desedor (animate plural third-person)
nesedor (imperative singular)
sedor (imperative singular)
fesedor (imperative plural)
sedor (imperative plural)

da mancia desedor ia


omo

demilinga eme omo

mena omo


kaban

tikaban (first-person singular)
mikaban (first-person inclusive plural)
akaban (exclusive first-person plural)
nikaban (second-person singular)
fikaban (plural second-person)
ikaban (inanimate singular third-person)
dikaban (inanimate plural third-person)
makaban (animate singular third-person)
dikaban (animate plural third-person)


minye

head

minye (inanimate minye, animate meminye, polite gominye)

minye (inanimate)
meminye (animate)
gominye (polite)

The first element (assuming the suffix -nye) may be related to Ternate moi.


udu

toudu (first-person singular)
moudu (first-person inclusive plural)
audu (exclusive first-person plural)
noudu (second-person singular)
foudu (plural second-person)
iudu (inanimate singular third-person)
doudu (inanimate plural third-person)
iudu (animate singular third-person)
doudu (animate plural third-person)
nuudu (imperative singular)
udu (imperative singular)
fuudu (imperative plural)
udu (imperative plural)

Compared by Voorhoeve with Tidore iru (“to blow”).


rebot

terebot (first-person singular)
merebot (first-person inclusive plural)
arebot (exclusive first-person plural)
nerebot (second-person singular)
ferebot (plural second-person)
irebot (inanimate singular third-person)
derebot (inanimate plural third-person)
irebot (animate singular third-person)
derebot (animate plural third-person)
nerebot (imperative singular)
rebot (imperative singular)
ferebot (imperative plural)
rebot (imperative plural)


belu

tebelu (first-person singular)
mebelu (first-person inclusive plural)
abelu (exclusive first-person plural)
nebelu (second-person singular)
febelu (plural second-person)
ibelu (inanimate singular third-person)
debelu (inanimate plural third-person)
ibelu (animate singular third-person)
debelu (animate plural third-person)
nebelu (imperative singular)
belu (imperative singular)
febelu (imperative plural)
belu (imperative plural)


mema

From me (3rd singular pronoun) + ma (“that”).

niam do loka mema yo


mema

mema de ti pala


lagei

da lagei deiteng


awo

tiawo (first-person singular)
miawo (first-person inclusive plural)
aawo (exclusive first-person plural)
niawo (second-person singular)
fiawo (plural second-person)
iawo (inanimate singular third-person)
diawo (inanimate plural third-person)
maawo (animate singular third-person)
diawo (animate plural third-person)


sefo

tesefo (first-person singular)
mesefo (first-person inclusive plural)
asefo (exclusive first-person plural)
nesefo (second-person singular)
fesefo (plural second-person)
isefo (inanimate singular third-person)
desefo (inanimate plural third-person)
isefo (animate singular third-person)
desefo (animate plural third-person)
nesefo (imperative singular)
sefo (imperative singular)
fesefo (imperative plural)
sefo (imperative plural)


afo

Ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *qapuʀ.

lime (especially when eaten with betel nut)


gegele

tigegele (first-person singular)
migegele (first-person inclusive plural)
agegele (exclusive first-person plural)
nigegele (second-person singular)
figegele (plural second-person)
igegele (inanimate singular third-person)
digegele (inanimate plural third-person)
magegele (animate singular third-person)
digegele (animate plural third-person)

Partial reduplication of gele (“blunt”).

(stative) alternative form of gele (“blunt”)


ufi

toufi (first-person singular)
moufi (first-person inclusive plural)
aufi (exclusive first-person plural)
noufi (second-person singular)
foufi (plural second-person)
iufi (inanimate singular third-person)
doufi (inanimate plural third-person)
iufi (animate singular third-person)
doufi (animate plural third-person)
nuufi (imperative singular)
ufi (imperative singular)
fuufi (imperative plural)
ufi (imperative plural)


eti

Cognate with Ternate oti, Tabaru ngo'otiri.


uas

touas (first-person singular)
mouas (first-person inclusive plural)
auas (exclusive first-person plural)
nouas (second-person singular)
fouas (plural second-person)
iuas (inanimate singular third-person)
douas (inanimate plural third-person)
iuas (animate singular third-person)
douas (animate plural third-person)
nuuas (imperative singular)
uas (imperative singular)
fuuas (imperative plural)
uas (imperative plural)

From Dutch wassen, possibly from the imperative.

(transitive) to wash (dishes, the floor, etc.)


kakai

tikakai (first-person singular)
mikakai (first-person inclusive plural)
akakai (exclusive first-person plural)
nikakai (second-person singular)
fikakai (plural second-person)
ikakai (inanimate singular third-person)
dikakai (inanimate plural third-person)
makakai (animate singular third-person)
dikakai (animate plural third-person)

(stative) alternative form of kakawi (“bent, crooked”)


ni-

second-person singular possessive prefix, your


ni-

alternative form of na- (“our (inclusive)”) when preceded by a root-initial i


mi-

first-person plural exclusive possessive prefix, our


mi-

(animate) alternative form of ma- (“his, hers, that being's”) when preceded by a root-initial i


ma-

ma- + gei (“to be dead”) → magei (“to die”)

ma- + dadi (“to become”) → madadi (“to be, exist”)


ma-

moco

first-person plural inclusive clitic, we


ma-

madadi sangaji

di oma ma makaku i

(animate) third-person singular clitic for stative verbs, it


ma-

(animate) third-person singular possessive prefix, his, hers, that person's, that being's


ma-

ma- + minye (“one”) → maminye (“once”)

ma- + unge (“three”) → maunge (“thrice”)


gagi

peda da gagi


gagi

tagagi (first-person singular)
magagi (first-person inclusive plural)
agagi (exclusive first-person plural)
nagagi (second-person singular)
fagagi (plural second-person)
igagi (inanimate singular third-person)
dagagi (inanimate plural third-person)
igagi (animate singular third-person)
dagagi (animate plural third-person)
nagagi (imperative singular)
gagi (imperative singular)
fagagi (imperative plural)
gagi (imperative plural)


dudu

todudu (first-person singular)
modudu (first-person inclusive plural)
adudu (exclusive first-person plural)
nodudu (second-person singular)
fodudu (plural second-person)
idudu (inanimate singular third-person)
dodudu (inanimate plural third-person)
idudu (animate singular third-person)
dodudu (animate plural third-person)
nududu (imperative singular)
dudu (imperative singular)
fududu (imperative plural)
dudu (imperative plural)


terang

titerang (first-person singular)
miterang (first-person inclusive plural)
aterang (exclusive first-person plural)
niterang (second-person singular)
fiterang (plural second-person)
iterang (inanimate singular third-person)
diterang (inanimate plural third-person)
materang (animate singular third-person)
diterang (animate plural third-person)


jahil

tajahil (first-person singular)
majahil (first-person inclusive plural)
ajahil (exclusive first-person plural)
najahil (second-person singular)
fajahil (plural second-person)
ijahil (inanimate singular third-person)
dajahil (inanimate plural third-person)
ijahil (animate singular third-person)
dajahil (animate plural third-person)
najahil (imperative singular)
jahil (imperative singular)
fajahil (imperative plural)
jahil (imperative plural)


sobol

tosobol (first-person singular)
mosobol (first-person inclusive plural)
asobol (exclusive first-person plural)
nosobol (second-person singular)
fosobol (plural second-person)
isobol (inanimate singular third-person)
dosobol (inanimate plural third-person)
isobol (animate singular third-person)
dosobol (animate plural third-person)
nosobol (imperative singular)
sobol (imperative singular)
fosobol (imperative plural)
sobol (imperative plural)

From East Makian sobal (“to sail”) with progressive vowel assimilation.


gomu

From Ternate gomo (“Artocarpus incisa”).


bule

tobule (first-person singular)
mobule (first-person inclusive plural)
abule (exclusive first-person plural)
nobule (second-person singular)
fobule (plural second-person)
ibule (inanimate singular third-person)
dobule (inanimate plural third-person)
ibule (animate singular third-person)
dobule (animate plural third-person)
nubule (imperative singular)
bule (imperative singular)
fubule (imperative plural)
bule (imperative plural)


magei

tamagei (first-person singular)
mamagei (first-person inclusive plural)
amagei (exclusive first-person plural)
namagei (second-person singular)
famagei (plural second-person)
imagei (inanimate singular third-person)
damagei (inanimate plural third-person)
imagei (animate singular third-person)
damagei (animate plural third-person)
namagei (imperative singular)
magei (imperative singular)
famagei (imperative plural)
magei (imperative plural)

From ma- + gei (“dead”). As the original form is gai, the expected prefixal form me- does not surface.


nyani

tnyani (first-person singular)
mnyani (first-person inclusive plural)
anyani (exclusive first-person plural)
nnyani (second-person singular)
fnyani (plural second-person)
inyani (inanimate singular third-person)
dnyani (inanimate plural third-person)
inyani (animate singular third-person)
dnyani (animate plural third-person)
nnyani (imperative singular)
nyani (imperative singular)
fnyani (imperative plural)
nyani (imperative plural)

From Malay nyanyi, possibly through Ternate nyanyi.


ta-

tiwiji


haiwani

From Malay haiwan, from Classical Persian حیوان (haywān), from Arabic حَيَوَان (ḥayawān). Doublet of haiwan.


tuka

totuka (first-person singular)
motuka (first-person inclusive plural)
atuka (exclusive first-person plural)
notuka (second-person singular)
fotuka (plural second-person)
ituka (inanimate singular third-person)
dotuka (inanimate plural third-person)
ituka (animate singular third-person)
dotuka (animate plural third-person)
nutuka (imperative singular)
tuka (imperative singular)
futuka (imperative plural)
tuka (imperative plural)

Likely from Malay tukar, from Portuguese trocar.

ituka mefi


kaeri

takaeri (first-person singular)
makaeri (first-person inclusive plural)
akaeri (exclusive first-person plural)
nakaeri (second-person singular)
fakaeri (plural second-person)
ikaeri (inanimate singular third-person)
dakaeri (inanimate plural third-person)
ikaeri (animate singular third-person)
dakaeri (animate plural third-person)
nakaeri (imperative singular)
kaeri (imperative singular)
fakaeri (imperative plural)
kaeri (imperative plural)


polu

topolu (first-person singular)
mopolu (first-person inclusive plural)
apolu (exclusive first-person plural)
nopolu (second-person singular)
fopolu (plural second-person)
ipolu (inanimate singular third-person)
dopolu (inanimate plural third-person)
ipolu (animate singular third-person)
dopolu (animate plural third-person)
nopolu (imperative singular)
polu (imperative singular)
fopolu (imperative plural)
polu (imperative plural)


wayo

malome wayo

dosuka de wayo

sentence-final state negation particle; is not; there is not


patola

Possibly from North Moluccan Malay [Term?].


ogo

toogo (first-person singular)
moogo (first-person inclusive plural)
aogo (exclusive first-person plural)
noogo (second-person singular)
foogo (plural second-person)
iogo (inanimate singular third-person)
doogo (inanimate plural third-person)
iogo (animate singular third-person)
doogo (animate plural third-person)
noogo (imperative singular)
ogo (imperative singular)
foogo (imperative plural)
ogo (imperative plural)


wao

tawao (first-person singular)
mawao (first-person inclusive plural)
awao (exclusive first-person plural)
nawao (second-person singular)
fawao (plural second-person)
iwao (inanimate singular third-person)
dawao (inanimate plural third-person)
iwao (animate singular third-person)
dawao (animate plural third-person)
nawao (imperative singular)
wao (imperative singular)
fawao (imperative plural)
wao (imperative plural)


burei

tiburei (first-person singular)
miburei (first-person inclusive plural)
aburei (exclusive first-person plural)
niburei (second-person singular)
fiburei (plural second-person)
iburei (inanimate singular third-person)
diburei (inanimate plural third-person)
maburei (animate singular third-person)
diburei (animate plural third-person)


karanga

takaranga (first-person singular)
makaranga (first-person inclusive plural)
akaranga (exclusive first-person plural)
nakaranga (second-person singular)
fakaranga (plural second-person)
ikaranga (inanimate singular third-person)
dakaranga (inanimate plural third-person)
ikaranga (animate singular third-person)
dakaranga (animate plural third-person)
nakaranga (imperative singular)
karanga (imperative singular)
fakaranga (imperative plural)
karanga (imperative plural)


kuat

tikuat (first-person singular)
mikuat (first-person inclusive plural)
akuat (exclusive first-person plural)
nikuat (second-person singular)
fikuat (plural second-person)
ikuat (inanimate singular third-person)
dikuat (inanimate plural third-person)
makuat (animate singular third-person)
dikuat (animate plural third-person)


sifat

From Malay sifat, from Arabic صِفَة (ṣifa).


pikir

tepikir (first-person singular)
mepikir (first-person inclusive plural)
apikir (exclusive first-person plural)
nepikir (second-person singular)
fepikir (plural second-person)
ipikir (inanimate singular third-person)
depikir (inanimate plural third-person)
ipikir (animate singular third-person)
depikir (animate plural third-person)
nipikir (imperative singular)
pikir (imperative singular)
fipikir (imperative plural)
pikir (imperative plural)

Borrowed from Indonesian pikir, from Malay fikir, from Arabic فِكْر (fikr).


kusu

Imperata cylindrica
Imperata cylindrica#Translingual

alang-alang, kunai grass (Imperata cylindrica)


kusu

Cognate with, if not from, Ternate kuso. Cognate with Sahu 'usoro, Galela kuso.


gapu

ta gapu


sagal

tasagal (first-person singular)
masagal (first-person inclusive plural)
asagal (exclusive first-person plural)
nasagal (second-person singular)
fasagal (plural second-person)
isagal (inanimate singular third-person)
dasagal (inanimate plural third-person)
isagal (animate singular third-person)
dasagal (animate plural third-person)
nasagal (imperative singular)
sagal (imperative singular)
fasagal (imperative plural)
sagal (imperative plural)


atus

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀatus.

atus lo awoisiwe lo siwe


ruju

toruju (first-person singular)
moruju (first-person inclusive plural)
aruju (exclusive first-person plural)
noruju (second-person singular)
foruju (plural second-person)
iruju (inanimate singular third-person)
doruju (inanimate plural third-person)
iruju (animate singular third-person)
doruju (animate plural third-person)
nuruju (imperative singular)
ruju (imperative singular)
furuju (imperative plural)
ruju (imperative plural)


tupe

totupe (first-person singular)
motupe (first-person inclusive plural)
atupe (exclusive first-person plural)
notupe (second-person singular)
fotupe (plural second-person)
itupe (inanimate singular third-person)
dotupe (inanimate plural third-person)
itupe (animate singular third-person)
dotupe (animate plural third-person)
nutupe (imperative singular)
tupe (imperative singular)
futupe (imperative plural)
tupe (imperative plural)


ngaba

Said by Voorhoeve to be from Malay [Term?].


safo

tisafo (first-person singular)
misafo (first-person inclusive plural)
asafo (exclusive first-person plural)
nisafo (second-person singular)
fisafo (plural second-person)
isafo (inanimate singular third-person)
disafo (inanimate plural third-person)
masafo (animate singular third-person)
disafo (animate plural third-person)

ti bodo isafo

(stative) to be painful (due to a blow, etc.)


pundak

Said by Voorhoeve to possible be from East Makian [Term?]. Ultimately of Austronesian origin.


tadik

Ultimately from Austronesian; compare Indonesian tanduk, Ternate tadu.


berebere

tiberebere (first-person singular)
miberebere (first-person inclusive plural)
aberebere (exclusive first-person plural)
niberebere (second-person singular)
fiberebere (plural second-person)
iberebere (inanimate singular third-person)
diberebere (inanimate plural third-person)
maberebere (animate singular third-person)
diberebere (animate plural third-person)


sarke

tasarke (first-person singular)
masarke (first-person inclusive plural)
asarke (exclusive first-person plural)
nasarke (second-person singular)
fasarke (plural second-person)
isarke (inanimate singular third-person)
dasarke (inanimate plural third-person)
isarke (animate singular third-person)
dasarke (animate plural third-person)
nasarke (imperative singular)
sarke (imperative singular)
fasarke (imperative plural)
sarke (imperative plural)


mamae

tamamae (first-person singular)
mamamae (first-person inclusive plural)
amamae (exclusive first-person plural)
namamae (second-person singular)
famamae (plural second-person)
imamae (inanimate singular third-person)
damamae (inanimate plural third-person)
imamae (animate singular third-person)
damamae (animate plural third-person)
namamae (imperative singular)
mamae (imperative singular)
famamae (imperative plural)
mamae (imperative plural)


pama

mene pama?

pama mene?

ni aim pama?


bokoboko

tibokoboko (first-person singular)
mibokoboko (first-person inclusive plural)
abokoboko (exclusive first-person plural)
nibokoboko (second-person singular)
fibokoboko (plural second-person)
ibokoboko (inanimate singular third-person)
dibokoboko (inanimate plural third-person)
mabokoboko (animate singular third-person)
dibokoboko (animate plural third-person)


mangot

timangot (first-person singular)
mimangot (first-person inclusive plural)
amangot (exclusive first-person plural)
nimangot (second-person singular)
fimangot (plural second-person)
imangot (inanimate singular third-person)
dimangot (inanimate plural third-person)
mamangot (animate singular third-person)
dimangot (animate plural third-person)

(stative) to be sharp (of a blade, point, etc.)


birahi

tibirahi (first-person singular)
mibirahi (first-person inclusive plural)
abirahi (exclusive first-person plural)
nibirahi (second-person singular)
fibirahi (plural second-person)
ibirahi (inanimate singular third-person)
dibirahi (inanimate plural third-person)
mabirahi (animate singular third-person)
dibirahi (animate plural third-person)


capati

ticapati (first-person singular)
micapati (first-person inclusive plural)
acapati (exclusive first-person plural)
nicapati (second-person singular)
ficapati (plural second-person)
icapati (inanimate singular third-person)
dicapati (inanimate plural third-person)
macapati (animate singular third-person)
dicapati (animate plural third-person)


kekei

tikekei (first-person singular)
mikekei (first-person inclusive plural)
akekei (exclusive first-person plural)
nikekei (second-person singular)
fikekei (plural second-person)
ikekei (inanimate singular third-person)
dikekei (inanimate plural third-person)
makekei (animate singular third-person)
dikekei (animate plural third-person)


gagu

tagagu (first-person singular)
magagu (first-person inclusive plural)
agagu (exclusive first-person plural)
nagagu (second-person singular)
fagagu (plural second-person)
igagu (inanimate singular third-person)
dagagu (inanimate plural third-person)
igagu (animate singular third-person)
dagagu (animate plural third-person)
nagagu (imperative singular)
gagu (imperative singular)
fagagu (imperative plural)
gagu (imperative plural)


siwe

siwe (inanimate isiwe, animate dimsiwe, polite goisiwe)

isiwe (inanimate)
dimsiwe (animate)
goisiwe (polite)

Ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *Siwa.


ladu

taladu (first-person singular)
maladu (first-person inclusive plural)
aladu (exclusive first-person plural)
naladu (second-person singular)
faladu (plural second-person)
iladu (inanimate singular third-person)
daladu (inanimate plural third-person)
iladu (animate singular third-person)
daladu (animate plural third-person)
naladu (imperative singular)
ladu (imperative singular)
faladu (imperative plural)
ladu (imperative plural)


togi

totogi (first-person singular)
motogi (first-person inclusive plural)
atogi (exclusive first-person plural)
notogi (second-person singular)
fotogi (plural second-person)
itogi (inanimate singular third-person)
dotogi (inanimate plural third-person)
itogi (animate singular third-person)
dotogi (animate plural third-person)
notogi (imperative singular)
togi (imperative singular)
fotogi (imperative plural)
togi (imperative plural)


degou

tidegou (first-person singular)
midegou (first-person inclusive plural)
adegou (exclusive first-person plural)
nidegou (second-person singular)
fidegou (plural second-person)
idegou (inanimate singular third-person)
didegou (inanimate plural third-person)
madegou (animate singular third-person)
didegou (animate plural third-person)


kalili

takalili (first-person singular)
makalili (first-person inclusive plural)
akalili (exclusive first-person plural)
nakalili (second-person singular)
fakalili (plural second-person)
ikalili (inanimate singular third-person)
dakalili (inanimate plural third-person)
ikalili (animate singular third-person)
dakalili (animate plural third-person)
nakalili (imperative singular)
kalili (imperative singular)
fakalili (imperative plural)
kalili (imperative plural)


setelah

An unadapted borrowing from Indonesian setelah, preserving the schwas.


yufi

toyufi (first-person singular)
moyufi (first-person inclusive plural)
ayufi (exclusive first-person plural)
noyufi (second-person singular)
foyufi (plural second-person)
iyufi (inanimate singular third-person)
doyufi (inanimate plural third-person)
iyufi (animate singular third-person)
doyufi (animate plural third-person)
nuyufi (imperative singular)
yufi (imperative singular)
fuyufi (imperative plural)
yufi (imperative plural)

(intransitive) alternative form of ufi (“to flow”)


jihi

Possibly from Ternate jihi (“a mollusc”).


kameu

Possibly related to Ternate ngau (“ear”).


tagar

tatagar (first-person singular)
matagar (first-person inclusive plural)
atagar (exclusive first-person plural)
natagar (second-person singular)
fatagar (plural second-person)
itagar (inanimate singular third-person)
datagar (inanimate plural third-person)
itagar (animate singular third-person)
datagar (animate plural third-person)
natagar (imperative singular)
tagar (imperative singular)
fatagar (imperative plural)
tagar (imperative plural)


musala

From Malay musala, from Arabic مُصَلًّى (muṣallan).

mene de ti deto di musala


setan

tesetan (first-person singular)
mesetan (first-person inclusive plural)
asetan (exclusive first-person plural)
nesetan (second-person singular)
fesetan (plural second-person)
isetan (inanimate singular third-person)
desetan (inanimate plural third-person)
isetan (animate singular third-person)
desetan (animate plural third-person)
nesetan (imperative singular)
setan (imperative singular)
fesetan (imperative plural)
setan (imperative plural)

Borrowed from Indonesian setan, from Malay setan, from Arabic شَيْطَان (šayṭān).

der

Arabic شَيْطَان (šayṭān)

Amo sapma nimama desetan de?

Then why did your mother get angry with me?

(transitive) to scold, to be angry at or with


subal

tosubal (first-person singular)
mosubal (first-person inclusive plural)
asubal (exclusive first-person plural)
nosubal (second-person singular)
fosubal (plural second-person)
isubal (inanimate singular third-person)
dosubal (inanimate plural third-person)
isubal (animate singular third-person)
dosubal (animate plural third-person)
nusubal (imperative singular)
subal (imperative singular)
fusubal (imperative plural)
subal (imperative plural)


terus

An unadapted borrowing from Indonesian terus (“straight, directly”), preserving the schwa.


ofo

toofo (first-person singular)
moofo (first-person inclusive plural)
aofo (exclusive first-person plural)
noofo (second-person singular)
foofo (plural second-person)
iofo (inanimate singular third-person)
doofo (inanimate plural third-person)
iofo (animate singular third-person)
doofo (animate plural third-person)
noofo (imperative singular)
ofo (imperative singular)
foofo (imperative plural)
ofo (imperative plural)


berarti

tiberarti (first-person singular)
miberarti (first-person inclusive plural)
aberarti (exclusive first-person plural)
niberarti (second-person singular)
fiberarti (plural second-person)
iberarti (inanimate singular third-person)
diberarti (inanimate plural third-person)
maberarti (animate singular third-person)
diberarti (animate plural third-person)

From Malay berarti, possibly through Ternate berarti.


tabea

Compare Ternate tabea (“to greet, a greeting”).


sarangati

tisarangati (first-person singular)
misarangati (first-person inclusive plural)
asarangati (exclusive first-person plural)
nisarangati (second-person singular)
fisarangati (plural second-person)
isarangati (inanimate singular third-person)
disarangati (inanimate plural third-person)
masarangati (animate singular third-person)
disarangati (animate plural third-person)


iwu

nopoli namu de esi iwu?

win iwu fawa sine?

how long (how many days) will you stay here?


belebele

tibelebele (first-person singular)
mibelebele (first-person inclusive plural)
abelebele (exclusive first-person plural)
nibelebele (second-person singular)
fibelebele (plural second-person)
ibelebele (inanimate singular third-person)
dibelebele (inanimate plural third-person)
mabelebele (animate singular third-person)
dibelebele (animate plural third-person)


tiahi

titiahi (first-person singular)
mitiahi (first-person inclusive plural)
atiahi (exclusive first-person plural)
nitiahi (second-person singular)
fitiahi (plural second-person)
itiahi (inanimate singular third-person)
ditiahi (inanimate plural third-person)
matiahi (animate singular third-person)
ditiahi (animate plural third-person)


sinanga

tesinanga (first-person singular)
mesinanga (first-person inclusive plural)
asinanga (exclusive first-person plural)
nesinanga (second-person singular)
fesinanga (plural second-person)
isinanga (inanimate singular third-person)
desinanga (inanimate plural third-person)
isinanga (animate singular third-person)
desinanga (animate plural third-person)
nisinanga (imperative singular)
sinanga (imperative singular)
fisinanga (imperative plural)
sinanga (imperative plural)

loka sinanga


abamo

peda da abamo


afebebe

From afe (“eye”) + be (“water”), with reduplication of the second component.


ayo da pa

Alternative form of ayo da papa (“older sister”)


au fi

(transitive, of mountains, etc.) to climb, ascend