"hy-" meaning in Welsh

See hy- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Prefix

IPA: /hə/
Etymology: From Middle Welsh hy-, from Old Welsh hi-, from Proto-Brythonic *hu-, from Proto-Celtic *su-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁su- (“good”). Cognate with Cornish he- and Ancient Greek εὐ- (eu-, “good”). Etymology templates: {{inh|cy|wlm|hy-}} Middle Welsh hy-, {{inh|cy|owl|hi-}} Old Welsh hi-, {{inh|cy|cel-bry-pro|*hu-}} Proto-Brythonic *hu-, {{inh|cy|cel-pro|*su-}} Proto-Celtic *su-, {{inh|cy|ine-pro|*h₁su-||good}} Proto-Indo-European *h₁su- (“good”), {{cog|kw|he-}} Cornish he-, {{cog|grc|εὐ-||good}} Ancient Greek εὐ- (eu-, “good”) Head templates: {{head|cy|prefix}} hy-
  1. affirmative prefix, emphasises prefixed word Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-hy--cy-prefix-QF~w6svS Categories (other): Welsh entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Welsh entries with incorrect language header: 57 43
  2. added to verbal roots, indicates 'easy to X', 'X-able' Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-hy--cy-prefix-HsanC9Y8
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: hu-

Download JSON data for hy- meaning in Welsh (2.0kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "hy-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh hy-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "owl",
        "3": "hi-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Welsh hi-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*hu-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *hu-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*su-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *su-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁su-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "good"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁su- (“good”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "he-"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish he-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "εὐ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "good"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek εὐ- (eu-, “good”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh hy-, from Old Welsh hi-, from Proto-Brythonic *hu-, from Proto-Celtic *su-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁su- (“good”). Cognate with Cornish he- and Ancient Greek εὐ- (eu-, “good”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "hy-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "57 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "hy- + rhwydd (“easy”) → hyrwydd (“very easy”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "hy- + glân (“clean”) → hylan (“hygienic”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "affirmative prefix, emphasises prefixed word"
      ],
      "id": "en-hy--cy-prefix-QF~w6svS",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "hy- + plyg (“folded”) → hyblyg (“flexible”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "hy- + byw (“alive”) → hyfyw (“viable”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "added to verbal roots, indicates 'easy to X', 'X-able'"
      ],
      "id": "en-hy--cy-prefix-HsanC9Y8",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/hə/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hu-"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hy-"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Welsh lemmas",
    "Welsh prefixes",
    "Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
    "Welsh terms derived from Old Welsh",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Old Welsh",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "hy-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh hy-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "owl",
        "3": "hi-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Welsh hi-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*hu-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *hu-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*su-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *su-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁su-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "good"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁su- (“good”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "he-"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish he-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "εὐ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "good"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek εὐ- (eu-, “good”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh hy-, from Old Welsh hi-, from Proto-Brythonic *hu-, from Proto-Celtic *su-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁su- (“good”). Cognate with Cornish he- and Ancient Greek εὐ- (eu-, “good”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "hy-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "hy- + rhwydd (“easy”) → hyrwydd (“very easy”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "hy- + glân (“clean”) → hylan (“hygienic”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "affirmative prefix, emphasises prefixed word"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "hy- + plyg (“folded”) → hyblyg (“flexible”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "hy- + byw (“alive”) → hyfyw (“viable”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "added to verbal roots, indicates 'easy to X', 'X-able'"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/hə/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "hu-"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hy-"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.