yta

cy-verb

yta (first-person singular present ytâf)

ytâf (first-person present singular)
ytâf (first-person future indicative present singular)
ytei (future indicative present second-person singular)
ytâ (future indicative present singular third-person)
ytawn (first-person future indicative plural present)
ytewch (future indicative plural present second-person)
ytânt (future indicative plural present third-person)
yteir (future impersonal indicative present)
ytawn (conditional first-person singular)
ytawn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ytait (conditional second-person singular)
ytait (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ytâi (conditional singular third-person)
ytâi (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ytaem (conditional first-person plural)
ytaem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ytaech (conditional plural second-person)
ytaech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ytaent (conditional plural third-person)
ytaent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
yteid (conditional impersonal)
yteid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
yteais (first-person preterite singular)
yteaist (preterite second-person singular)
ytaodd (preterite singular third-person)
ytasom (first-person plural preterite)
ytasoch (plural preterite second-person)
ytasant (plural preterite third-person)
ytawyd (impersonal preterite)
ytaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
ytasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
ytasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
ytasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
ytasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
ytasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
ytasid (impersonal pluperfect)
ytesid (impersonal pluperfect)
ytawyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
yteych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
ytao (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ytaom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
ytaoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ytaont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ytaer (impersonal present subjunctive)
ytâ (imperative second-person singular)
ytaed (imperative singular third-person)
ytawn (first-person imperative plural)
ytewch (imperative plural second-person)
ytaent (imperative plural third-person)
ytaer (imperative impersonal)
yta (noun-from-verb)
ytedig (participle)
ytadwy (participle)
yta i (first-person future singular)
ytaf i (first-person future singular)
yti di (future second-person singular)
ytith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
ytiff e (future singular third-person)
ytwn ni (first-person future plural)
ytwch chi (future plural second-person)
ytan nhw (future plural third-person)
ytwn i (conditional first-person singular)
ytswn i (conditional first-person singular)
ytet ti (conditional second-person singular)
ytset ti (conditional second-person singular)
ytai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
ytsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
yten ni (conditional first-person plural)
ytsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
ytech chi (conditional plural second-person)
ytsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
yten nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ytsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ytais i (first-person preterite singular)
ytes i (first-person preterite singular)
ytaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
ytest ti (preterite second-person singular)
ytodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
yton ni (first-person plural preterite)
ytoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
yton nhw (plural preterite third-person)
yta (imperative second-person singular)
ytwch (imperative plural second-person)
yta (mutation mutation-radical)
hyta (mutation prothesis-h)


flin

blin (mutation mutation-radical)
flin (mutation mutation-soft)
mlin (mutation mutation-nasal)


chwi

From Proto-Brythonic *hwi, from Proto-Celtic *swīs, from Proto-Indo-European *wos. Compare Breton c'hwi.


genedl

cenedl (mutation mutation-radical)
genedl (mutation mutation-soft)
nghenedl (mutation mutation-nasal)
chenedl (mutation mutation-aspirate)


plentyn

plentyn (mutation mutation-radical)
blentyn (mutation mutation-soft)
mhlentyn (mutation mutation-nasal)
phlentyn (mutation mutation-aspirate)


gardd

gerddi (plural)
gardd (mutation mutation-radical)
ardd (mutation mutation-soft)
ngardd (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Old Norse garðr (“enclosed space, yard”), from Proto-Germanic *gardaz (“court, yard, enclosure”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰortós (“enclosure”), from *ǵʰer- (“to enclose”). Cognate with English yard, garden.


gŵr

gwŷr (plural)
gŵr (mutation mutation-radical)
ŵr (mutation mutation-soft)
ngŵr (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh gwr, from Old Welsh gur, from Proto-Brythonic *gwur.


gwraig

head

gwraig f (plural gwragedd, diminutive plural gwrageddach or gwrageddos, double plural gwrageddoedd or gwrageddaint)

gwragedd (plural)
gwrageddach (diminutive plural)
gwrageddos (diminutive plural)
gwraig (mutation mutation-radical)
wraig (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwraig (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh gureic, gwreic, from Proto-Brythonic *gwrėg.


cenedl

cenhedloedd (plural)
cenedl (mutation mutation-radical)
genedl (mutation mutation-soft)
nghenedl (mutation mutation-nasal)
chenedl (mutation mutation-aspirate)

[ˈkʰɛnɛdl̩ˠ]

From Middle Welsh kenedyl, from Old Welsh kenedel (“kindred, family to the ninth degree of kinship”), from Proto-Brythonic *kenedl, from Proto-Celtic *kenetlom (“family”), from Proto-Indo-European *ken-.

inh

Cenedl heb iaith, cenedl heb galon.

A nation without a language is a nation without a heart.

1588, Y Beibl cyssegr-lan, Luc 2:29-32:
Yr awr hon, Arglwydd, y gollyngi dy was mewn tangnefedd, yn ôl dy air: canys fy llygaid a welsant dy iachawdwriaeth, yr hon a baratoaist gerbron wyneb yr holl bobloedd; goleuni i oleuo y Cenhedloedd, a gogoniant dy bobl Israel.
Lord, now You are letting Your servant depart in peace, according to Your word; for my eyes have seen Your salvation which You have prepared before the face of all peoples, a light to bring revelation to the Gentiles, and the glory of Your people Israel.

(grammar) gender (of nouns, adjectives etc.)


menyw

Variant of benyw back-formed from the soft mutation fenyw.


menyw

cy-adj

menyw (feminine singular menyw, plural menyw, not comparable)

menyw (feminine singular)
menyw (plural)
menyw (mutation mutation-radical)
fenyw (mutation mutation-soft)


menyw

benyw (mutation mutation-radical)
fenyw (mutation mutation-soft)
menyw (mutation mutation-nasal)


gwlad

gwledydd (plural)
gwlad (mutation mutation-radical)
wlad (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwlad (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh gwlat, from Old Welsh gulat, from Proto-Brythonic *gwlad, from Proto-Celtic *wlatis (“sovereignty”); from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wélh₁tis ~ *h₂wl̥h₁téy-, from the root *h₂welh₁-.

gwlad heb iaith, gwlad heb genedl

land without a language, land without a nation

Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau

Land of My Fathers (Welsh national anthem)


iaith

cy-noun

iaith f (plural ieithoedd or ieithiau or ieithau or ieithydd)

ieithoedd (plural)
ieithiau (plural)
ieithau (plural)
ieithydd (plural)
iaith (mutation mutation-radical)
hiaith (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh ieith, from Proto-Brythonic *jeiθ, from Proto-Celtic *yextis (compare Breton yezh (“language”), Cornish yeth (“language”), Old Irish icht (“tribe, people”)), from Proto-Indo-European *yek- (compare Latin jocus (“joke”), Old High German jehan (“to admit, to confess”), Tocharian A yask (“to demand, to beg”)). Doublet of jôc.

cog

gwlad heb iaith, gwlad heb genedl

a land without a language is a land without a nation


merch

merched (plural)
merch (mutation mutation-radical)
ferch (mutation mutation-soft)

From Proto-Brythonic *merx, from Proto-Celtic *merkā (compare Cornish myrgh, mergh, Breton merc’h), from Proto-Indo-European *méryos (“boy, girl”) (compare Scottish Gaelic smarach (“lad”), Latin marītus (“husband”), Ancient Greek μεῖραξ (meîrax, “boy, girl”), Old Armenian մարի (mari)). Related to morwyn.

cog

Peidiwch â phoeni'r merched yn y babell nesa.

Don't pester the girls in the next tent.


apêl

apeliadau (plural)
apêl (mutation mutation-radical)
hapêl (mutation prothesis-h)


morâl

morâl (mutation mutation-radical)
forâl (mutation mutation-soft)

Borrowed from English morale, from French morale.


Conwy

English: Conwy

English: Conway

Conwy (mutation mutation-radical)
Gonwy (mutation mutation-soft)
Nghonwy (mutation mutation-nasal)
Chonwy (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Old Welsh Cynwy, from cyn- (“chief, foremost”) + gwy (“water”) (a noun whose existence is disputed, but see Gwy).

Conwy County Borough
Conwy County Borough#English

Conwy (a town in Conwy County Borough, North Wales)


ais

eisen (singulative)
ais (mutation mutation-radical)
hais (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh eis, from Proto-Brythonic *assī, from Proto-Celtic *astū, from pre-Celtic *h₂estōn, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”) (compare Irish easna, Latin os, Albanian asht). Doublet of asen; related to asgwrn.


marmor

cy-noun

marmor m (usually uncountable, plural marmorau)

marmorau (plural)
marmor (mutation mutation-radical)
farmor (mutation mutation-soft)

From Latin marmor, from Ancient Greek μάρμαρος (mármaros).


î

The letter I, marked for its long stressed pronunciation, either in a monosyllabic word or in the final syllable of a polysyllabic word.


mola

bola (mutation mutation-radical)
fola (mutation mutation-soft)
mola (mutation mutation-nasal)


bref

brefau (plural)
brefion (plural)
bref (mutation mutation-radical)
fref (mutation mutation-soft)
mref (mutation mutation-nasal)

From the verbal base of brefaf / brefu (“to bleat, bellow, bray”), from Proto-Brythonic *brėβ̃ɨd (“to make noise”).


â

In origin a specialised prepositional use of a (“and”). (The distinction in spelling and pronunciation between the two prevocalic forms ag and ac is artificial.)


â

mor hen â phechod ei hun

as (in equative constructions mor...â, cyn...â)


â

(literary) third-person singular present indicative/future of mynd


â

The letter A, marked for its long stressed pronunciation, either in a monosyllabic word or in the final syllable of a polysyllabic word.


lân

glân (mutation mutation-radical)
lân (mutation mutation-soft)
nglân (mutation mutation-nasal)


oer

cy-adj

oer (feminine singular oer, plural oerion, equative oered, comparative oerach, superlative oeraf)

oer (feminine singular)
oerion (plural)
oered (equative)
oerach (comparative)
oeraf (superlative)
oer (mutation mutation-radical)
hoer (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Celtic *ougros (compare Old Irish úar), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ewǵ- (compare Old Armenian ոյծ (oyc)).

Mae hi’n oer tu allan.


troch

troch (mutation mutation-radical)
droch (mutation mutation-soft)
nhroch (mutation mutation-nasal)
throch (mutation mutation-aspirate)


amanita

amanita (mutation mutation-radical)
hamanita (mutation prothesis-h)

amanita (any mushroom of the genus Amanita)


sil

Borrowed from Old Irish síl (“seed; semen; offspring”).

der

fry (of fish, especially salmon, trout or minnow)


faen

maen (mutation mutation-radical)
faen (mutation mutation-soft)


cor'gŵn

cor’gŵn (canonical masculine plural)
cor'gŵn (mutation mutation-radical)
gor'gŵn (mutation mutation-soft)
nghor'gŵn (mutation mutation-nasal)
chor'gŵn (mutation mutation-aspirate)

For quotations using this term, see Citations:cor'gŵn.


eirinen

eirinen (mutation mutation-radical)
heirinen (mutation prothesis-h)


ò

The letter O, marked for its short pronunciation in monosyllabic words.


ella

perhaps, maybe (colloquial form of efallai)


proses

prosesau (plural)
prosesi (plural)
proses (mutation mutation-radical)
broses (mutation mutation-soft)
mhroses (mutation mutation-nasal)
phroses (mutation mutation-aspirate)


gara

cara (mutation mutation-radical)
gara (mutation mutation-soft)
nghara (mutation mutation-nasal)
chara (mutation mutation-aspirate)


fedi

medi (mutation mutation-radical)
fedi (mutation mutation-soft)


moch

From Proto-Brythonic *mox (“pig”), from Proto-Celtic *mokkus.

(figuratively) greedy, dirty, lazy, drunk, or immoral persons

(mining) small pumps used underground in coal mines to remove water


moch

moch (mutation mutation-radical)
foch (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh moch, from Proto-Brythonic *mox (“early, soon”), from Proto-Celtic *moxs, from Proto-Indo-European *moḱs, whence also Sanskrit मक्षू (makṣū, “fast; early”), Avestan 𐬨𐬊𐬱𐬎 (mošu, “soon, quickly”), Latin mox (“soon”).


moch

boch (mutation mutation-radical)
foch (mutation mutation-soft)
moch (mutation mutation-nasal)


Enid

Enid (mutation mutation-radical)
Henid (mutation prothesis-h)

(mythology) Enid, the long-suffering wife of Geraint in Arthurian romance.


braw

brawiau (plural)
braw (mutation mutation-radical)
fraw (mutation mutation-soft)
mraw (mutation mutation-nasal)


tost

cy-adj

tost (feminine singular tost, plural tostion, equative tosted, comparative tostach, superlative tostaf)

tost (feminine singular)
tostion (plural)
tosted (equative)
tostach (comparative)
tostaf (superlative)

From Middle Welsh tost, perhaps from Latin tostus (“roasted, parched”) via a Proto-Brythonic *tost, though the semantic development is unclear.


tost

tost (mutation mutation-radical)
dost (mutation mutation-soft)
nhost (mutation mutation-nasal)
thost (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English toast, from Middle English tosten, from Old French toster, from Latin tostus.


Angharad

Angharad (mutation mutation-radical)
Hangharad (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Celtic intensive prefix *an(a)- + root *kar-ayo- (“love”) + the noun suffix *-at.


nadu

cy-verb

nadu (first-person singular present nadaf, not mutable)

nadaf (first-person present singular)
nadaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
nedi (future indicative present second-person singular)
nâd (future indicative present singular third-person)
nada (future indicative present singular third-person)
nadwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
nedwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
nadwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
nadant (future indicative plural present third-person)
nedir (future impersonal indicative present)
nadwn (conditional first-person singular)
nadwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
nadit (conditional second-person singular)
nadit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
nadai (conditional singular third-person)
nadai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
nadem (conditional first-person plural)
nadem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
nadech (conditional plural second-person)
nadech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
nadent (conditional plural third-person)
nadent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
nedid (conditional impersonal)
nedid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
nedais (first-person preterite singular)
nedaist (preterite second-person singular)
nadodd (preterite singular third-person)
nadasom (first-person plural preterite)
nadasoch (plural preterite second-person)
nadasant (plural preterite third-person)
nadwyd (impersonal preterite)
nadaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
nadasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
nadasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
nadasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
nadasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
nadasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
nadasid (impersonal pluperfect)
nadesid (impersonal pluperfect)
nadwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
nedych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
nado (present singular subjunctive third-person)
nadom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
nadoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
nadont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
nader (impersonal present subjunctive)
nâd (imperative second-person singular)
nada (imperative second-person singular)
naded (imperative singular third-person)
nadwn (first-person imperative plural)
nedwch (imperative plural second-person)
nadwch (imperative plural second-person)
nadent (imperative plural third-person)
nader (imperative impersonal)
nadu (noun-from-verb)
nadedig (participle)
nadadwy (participle)
nada i (first-person future singular)
nadaf i (first-person future singular)
nadi di (future second-person singular)
nadith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
nadiff e (future singular third-person)
nadwn ni (first-person future plural)
nadwch chi (future plural second-person)
nadan nhw (future plural third-person)
nadwn i (conditional first-person singular)
nadswn i (conditional first-person singular)
nadet ti (conditional second-person singular)
nadset ti (conditional second-person singular)
nadai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
nadsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
naden ni (conditional first-person plural)
nadsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
nadech chi (conditional plural second-person)
nadsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
naden nhw (conditional plural third-person)
nadsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
nadais i (first-person preterite singular)
nades i (first-person preterite singular)
nadaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
nadest ti (preterite second-person singular)
nadodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
nadon ni (first-person plural preterite)
nadoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
nadon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
nada (imperative second-person singular)
nadwch (imperative plural second-person)

(intransitive) to cry, to wail, to lament

(intransitive) to howl, to bray, to roar


Rhian

Rhian (mutation mutation-radical)
Rian (mutation mutation-soft)

From rhiain (“maiden”), from Middle Welsh riein, first used in fiction.


stôl

cy-noun

stôl m (plural stolion or stolau or stoliau, not mutable)

stolion (plural)
stolau (plural)
stoliau (plural)


stôl

stôl m (plural stoliau or stolion or stôls, not mutable)

stoliau (plural)
stolion (plural)
stôls (plural)


stôl

stôl m (plural stolau or stolâu, not mutable)


offeren

offerennau (plural)
offeren (mutation mutation-radical)
hofferen (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh offeren, from Proto-Brythonic *oferen (compare Middle Cornish oferen and Middle Breton offeren), from Latin offerenda, from offerō.

mass (Eucharist or the celebration of it)


Pedr

Pedr (mutation mutation-radical)
Bedr (mutation mutation-soft)
Mhedr (mutation mutation-nasal)
Phedr (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Latin Petrus, from Ancient Greek Πέτρος (Pétros), from πέτρος (pétros, “stone, rock”), related to πέτρα (pétra).

a male given name, equivalent to English Peter


doeth

cy-adj

doeth (feminine singular doeth, plural doethion, equative doethed, comparative doethach, superlative doethaf)

doeth (feminine singular)
doethion (plural)
doethed (equative)
doethach (comparative)
doethaf (superlative)
doeth (mutation mutation-radical)
ddoeth (mutation mutation-soft)
noeth (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh doeth, from Proto-Brythonic *doɨθ, from Latin doctus.


-ach

From Middle Welsh -ach, from Proto-Brythonic *-ox, with the vowel altered by influence from -af.

ifanc (“young”) + -ach → ifancach (“younger”)

pwysig (“important”) + -ach → pwysicach (“more important”)

tlawd (“poor”) + -ach → tlotach (“poorer”)


-ach

cor (“dwarf”) + -ach → corrach (“dwarf, gnome”)

cawl (“soup”) + -ach → cawlach (“mess, hotchpotch”)

dillad (“clothes”) + -ach → dilladach (“old clothes, worthless clothing”)


-ach

cyfrin (“privy, cryptic”) + -ach → cyfrinach (“secret”)

cyfaill (“friend”) + -ach → cyfeillach (“fellowship, companionship”)

clinc (“clink, tinkle”) + tarddu (“emerge, erupt”) + -ach → clindarddarch (“crackling; to crackle”)

suffix forming abstract nouns and some verbnouns


eisteddfodau

eisteddfodau (mutation mutation-radical)
heisteddfodau (mutation prothesis-h)

Yr oedd llafur Owain Myfyr, Gwilym Owain, ac yntau, yn dechreu dwyn ffrwyth yn niwedd ei oes ef; ac nid oes nemawr o achos ammheuaeth, mai i’w llafur hwy yr ydym yn ddyledus am adfywiad yr Eisteddfodau yn yr hanner canrif diweddaf.

1822, Morgan Williams, Collectaneous Epitaphs: Chiefly Designed to Assist Surviving Relations in Fixing Upon Suitable…, page 71:

The labours of Owain Myfyr, Gwilym Owain, and he, were beginning to bear fruit at the end of his life; and there is no cause to doubt, that it is to their work that we are indebted for the revival of the Eisteddfodau in the last half century.


Bryste

Bryste (mutation mutation-radical)
Fryste (mutation mutation-soft)
Mryste (mutation mutation-nasal)

Bristol (a city, county, and unitary authority in southwest England)


Abertawe

Abertawe (mutation mutation-radical)
Habertawe (mutation prothesis-h)

From aber (“estuary, mouth”) + Tawe (“(River) Tawe”); literally "mouth of the river Tawe".

compound

Swansea (a town and county borough of Wales)


penillion

penillion (mutation mutation-radical)
benillion (mutation mutation-soft)
mhenillion (mutation mutation-nasal)
phenillion (mutation mutation-aspirate)


Tawe

Tawe (mutation mutation-radical)
Dawe (mutation mutation-soft)
Nhawe (mutation mutation-nasal)
Thawe (mutation mutation-aspirate)


cymoedd

cymoedd (mutation mutation-radical)
gymoedd (mutation mutation-soft)
nghymoedd (mutation mutation-nasal)
chymoedd (mutation mutation-aspirate)


moed

boed (mutation mutation-radical)
foed (mutation mutation-soft)
moed (mutation mutation-nasal)


gyri

cyri (mutation mutation-radical)
gyri (mutation mutation-soft)
nghyri (mutation mutation-nasal)
chyri (mutation mutation-aspirate)


Cymraes

Cymraesau (plural)
Cymraes (mutation mutation-radical)
Gymraes (mutation mutation-soft)
Nghymraes (mutation mutation-nasal)
Chymraes (mutation mutation-aspirate)


Cymraesau

Cymraesau (mutation mutation-radical)
Gymraesau (mutation mutation-soft)
Nghymraesau (mutation mutation-nasal)
Chymraesau (mutation mutation-aspirate)


Cymro

cy-noun

Cymro m (plural Cymry, feminine Cymraes)

Cymry (plural)
Cymraes (feminine)
Cymro (mutation mutation-radical)
Gymro (mutation mutation-soft)
Nghymro (mutation mutation-nasal)
Chymro (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From late Proto-Brythonic *kömroɣ (“compatriot”), from earlier *kombrogos, compound of *kom- (“with”) + *brogos (“country”) (from Proto-Celtic *mrogis).

Cymro uniaith oedd fy nhad-cu.
My grandfather was a monolingual Welshman.


pan

pan (mutation mutation-radical)
ban (mutation mutation-soft)
mhan (mutation mutation-nasal)
phan (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos, *kʷis. See also Scottish Gaelic cuin, Latin quando, Proto-Germanic *hwan (“when”).


trefi

trefi (mutation mutation-radical)
drefi (mutation mutation-soft)
nhrefi (mutation mutation-nasal)
threfi (mutation mutation-aspirate)


Prydain

Prydain (mutation mutation-radical)
Brydain (mutation mutation-soft)
Mhrydain (mutation mutation-nasal)
Phrydain (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh Prydein, from early Proto-Brythonic *Pritanī, a variant of *Pritenī, which survives in Prydyn (“Picts”) and as an early borrowing in Old Irish Cruthin, Irish Cruithne (“Picts”), perhaps from a Proto-Celtic *Kʷritanī, *Kʷritenī, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (“to do”).
The Modern Welsh continuation of Latin Brittānia, in contrast, is Brython. Also see Britto (“a Briton”).

Maen nhw'n byw ym Mhrydain Fawr rŵan.

They live in Great Britain now. (Northern dialect)

Maen nhw'n byw ym Mhrydain Fawr nawr.

They live in Great Britain now. (Southern dialect)


gath

cath (mutation mutation-radical)
gath (mutation mutation-soft)
nghath (mutation mutation-nasal)
chath (mutation mutation-aspirate)


utgorn

utgyrn (plural)
utgorn (mutation mutation-radical)
hutgorn (mutation prothesis-h)


plant dan oed

head

plant dan oed m (singulative plentyn dan oed)

plentyn dan oed (singulative)
plant dan oed (mutation mutation-radical)
blant dan oed (mutation mutation-soft)
mhlant dan oed (mutation mutation-nasal)
phlant dan oed (mutation mutation-aspirate)


plentyn dan oed

plentyn dan oed (mutation mutation-radical)
blentyn dan oed (mutation mutation-soft)
mhlentyn dan oed (mutation mutation-nasal)
phlentyn dan oed (mutation mutation-aspirate)

singulative of plant dan oed (“underage children”)


Gwyneira

Gwyneira (mutation mutation-radical)
Wyneira (mutation mutation-soft)
Ngwyneira (mutation mutation-nasal)

From gwyn (“white, fair”) + eira (“snow”).


Siân

English: Sian

a female given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Jane


Siwan

a female given name, equivalent to English Joan


Trefor

Trefor (mutation mutation-radical)
Drefor (mutation mutation-soft)
Nhrefor (mutation mutation-nasal)
Threfor (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Welsh tref (“village”) and mawr (“big, great”).

a male given name, equivalent to English Trevor


Siôn

Borrowed from English John, from Late Latin Iōhannēs, from Koine Greek Ἰωάννης (Iōánnēs), from Biblical Hebrew יוֹחָנָן (Yōḥānān). Doublet of Ifan and Iwan.

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English John


Gwyneth

Gwyneth (mutation mutation-radical)
Wyneth (mutation mutation-soft)
Ngwyneth (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Gwynedd, an area of Wales, or perhaps from Welsh gwyn (“white; fair”).


Bronwen

→ English: Bronwen, Bronwyn

Bronwen (mutation mutation-radical)
Fronwen (mutation mutation-soft)
Mronwen (mutation mutation-nasal)


Gwendolen

Gwendolen (mutation mutation-radical)
Wendolen (mutation mutation-soft)
Ngwendolen (mutation mutation-nasal)

From gwen (“white, fair, blessed”) + dolen (“ring, bow, hair, brow”).


utganu

cy-verb

utganu (first-person singular present utganaf)

utganaf (first-person present singular)
utganaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
utgeni (future indicative present second-person singular)
utgan (future indicative present singular third-person)
utgana (future indicative present singular third-person)
utganwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
utgenwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
utganwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
utganant (future indicative plural present third-person)
utgenir (future impersonal indicative present)
utganwn (conditional first-person singular)
utganwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
utganit (conditional second-person singular)
utganit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
utganai (conditional singular third-person)
utganai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
utganem (conditional first-person plural)
utganem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
utganech (conditional plural second-person)
utganech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
utganent (conditional plural third-person)
utganent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
utgenid (conditional impersonal)
utgenid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
utgenais (first-person preterite singular)
utgenaist (preterite second-person singular)
utganodd (preterite singular third-person)
utganasom (first-person plural preterite)
utganasoch (plural preterite second-person)
utganasant (plural preterite third-person)
utganwyd (impersonal preterite)
utganaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
utganasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
utganasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
utganasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
utganasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
utganasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
utganasid (impersonal pluperfect)
utganesid (impersonal pluperfect)
utganwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
utgenych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
utgano (present singular subjunctive third-person)
utganom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
utganoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
utganont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
utganer (impersonal present subjunctive)
utgan (imperative second-person singular)
utgana (imperative second-person singular)
utganed (imperative singular third-person)
utganwn (first-person imperative plural)
utgenwch (imperative plural second-person)
utganwch (imperative plural second-person)
utganent (imperative plural third-person)
utganer (imperative impersonal)
utganu (noun-from-verb)
utgana i (first-person future singular)
utganaf i (first-person future singular)
utgani di (future second-person singular)
utganith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
utganiff e (future singular third-person)
utganwn ni (first-person future plural)
utganwch chi (future plural second-person)
utganan nhw (future plural third-person)
utganwn i (conditional first-person singular)
utganswn i (conditional first-person singular)
utganet ti (conditional second-person singular)
utganset ti (conditional second-person singular)
utganai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
utgansai fo (conditional singular third-person)
utganen ni (conditional first-person plural)
utgansen ni (conditional first-person plural)
utganech chi (conditional plural second-person)
utgansech chi (conditional plural second-person)
utganen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
utgansen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
utganais i (first-person preterite singular)
utganes i (first-person preterite singular)
utganaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
utganest ti (preterite second-person singular)
utganodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
utganon ni (first-person plural preterite)
utganoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
utganon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
utgana (imperative second-person singular)
utganwch (imperative plural second-person)
utganu (mutation mutation-radical)
hutganu (mutation prothesis-h)


Ioan

Borrowed from Late Latin Iōannēs, from Koine Greek Ἰωάννης (Iōánnēs), from Biblical Hebrew יוֹחָנָן (Yōḥānān).

(biblical) Certain men of the Christian Bible: John the Baptist, St John


-yn

From Middle Welsh -yn, from Proto-Brythonic *-ɨnn.

winwns (“onions”) + -yn → winwnsyn (“onion”)

plant (“children”) + -yn → plentyn (“child”)

dillad (“clothes”) + -yn → dilledyn (“item of clothing, piece of clothing”)

Used to form the singulative of certain words.

diferu (“to drop, to drip”) + -yn → diferyn (“drop, drip”)

planhigion (“plants”) + -yn → planhigyn (“plant”)

degolion (“decimals”) + -yn → degolyn (“decimal”)

llyfr (“book”) + -yn → llyfryn (“booklet”)

arf (“weapon, tool”) + -yn → erfyn (“tool, instrument”)

clwt (“rag”) + -yn → clwtyn (“(little) rag”)

cardota (“to beg”) + -yn → cardotyn (“beggar”)

meddw (“drunk”) + -yn → meddwyn (“drunkard”)

crwydro (“to wander”) + -yn → crwydryn (“vagrant”)

gwydr (“glass”) + -yn → gwydryn (“(drinking) glass”)

newid (“change”) + -yn → newidyn (“variable”)

misol (“monthly”) + -yn → misolyn (“monthly (periodical)”)

echdynnu (“to extract”) + -yn → echdynnyn (“extract”)

suffix indicating an object, item, thing


bawn

bawn (mutation mutation-radical)
fawn (mutation mutation-soft)
mawn (mutation mutation-nasal)

first-person singular imperfect subjunctive of bod


lôn

Borrowed from English loan, a variant of lane.


neng

deng (mutation mutation-radical)
ddeng (mutation mutation-soft)
neng (mutation mutation-nasal)


gini

ginïau (plural)
ginis (plural)
gini (mutation mutation-radical)
ngini (irregular mutation mutation-nasal)


fàs

màs (mutation mutation-radical)
fàs (mutation mutation-soft)


unioni

unioni (first-person singular present unionaf)

unionaf (first-person present singular)
unionaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
unioni (future indicative present second-person singular)
uniona (future indicative present singular third-person)
unionwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
unionwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
unionant (future indicative plural present third-person)
unionir (future impersonal indicative present)
unionwn (conditional first-person singular)
unionwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
unionit (conditional second-person singular)
unionit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
unionai (conditional singular third-person)
unionai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
unionem (conditional first-person plural)
unionem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
unionech (conditional plural second-person)
unionech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
unionent (conditional plural third-person)
unionent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
unionid (conditional impersonal)
unionid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
unionais (first-person preterite singular)
unionaist (preterite second-person singular)
unionodd (preterite singular third-person)
unionasom (first-person plural preterite)
unionasoch (plural preterite second-person)
unionasant (plural preterite third-person)
unionwyd (impersonal preterite)
unionaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
unionasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
unionasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
unionasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
unionasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
unionasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
unionasid (impersonal pluperfect)
unionesid (impersonal pluperfect)
unionwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
unionych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
uniono (present singular subjunctive third-person)
unionom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
unionoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
unionont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
unioner (impersonal present subjunctive)
uniona (imperative second-person singular)
unioned (imperative singular third-person)
unionwn (first-person imperative plural)
unionwch (imperative plural second-person)
unionent (imperative plural third-person)
unioner (imperative impersonal)
unioni (noun-from-verb)
unionedig (participle)
unionadwy (participle)
uniona i (first-person future singular)
unionaf i (first-person future singular)
unioni di (future second-person singular)
unionith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
unioniff e (future singular third-person)
unionwn ni (first-person future plural)
unionwch chi (future plural second-person)
unionan nhw (future plural third-person)
unionwn i (conditional first-person singular)
unionswn i (conditional first-person singular)
unionet ti (conditional second-person singular)
unionset ti (conditional second-person singular)
unionai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
unionsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
unionen ni (conditional first-person plural)
unionsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
unionech chi (conditional plural second-person)
unionsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
unionen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
unionsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
unionais i (first-person preterite singular)
uniones i (first-person preterite singular)
unionaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
unionest ti (preterite second-person singular)
unionodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
unionon ni (first-person plural preterite)
unionoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
unionon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
uniona (imperative second-person singular)
unionwch (imperative plural second-person)
unioni (mutation mutation-radical)
hunioni (mutation prothesis-h)

to rectify, to put right, to correct, to redress


alli

galli (mutation mutation-radical)
alli (mutation mutation-soft)
ngalli (mutation mutation-nasal)


enw

enwau (plural)
enw (mutation mutation-radical)
henw (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh enw, from Old Welsh anu, from Proto-Brythonic *anw, from Proto-Celtic *anman, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. Cognate with Cornish hanow and Breton anv.


fual

bual (mutation mutation-radical)
fual (mutation mutation-soft)
mual (mutation mutation-nasal)


ap Ifan

a surname originating as a patronymic, meaning "son of Ifan"


Gruffudd

→ English: Griffith, Griffin, Griffiths

Gruffudd (mutation mutation-radical)
Ruffudd (mutation mutation-soft)
Ngruffudd (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh Gripiud, from Proto-Brythonic *Grifujʉð.

a male given name from Old Welsh, borne by ancient kings of Wales


fuan

buan (mutation mutation-radical)
fuan (mutation mutation-soft)
muan (mutation mutation-nasal)


sudd

Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sew- (“to press (fluid) out”), in which case cognate with Proto-West Germanic *sauw (“juice”) and Sanskrit सव (savá, “juice (of the Soma)”).


droch

troch (mutation mutation-radical)
droch (mutation mutation-soft)
nhroch (mutation mutation-nasal)
throch (mutation mutation-aspirate)


fam

mam (mutation mutation-radical)
fam (mutation mutation-soft)


galar

galarau (plural)
galar (mutation mutation-radical)
alar (mutation mutation-soft)
ngalar (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh galar, from Proto-Brythonic *galar, from Proto-Celtic *galarom, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelH-ro-. Cognate with Irish galar.


llaethferch

llaethferched (plural)
llaethferch (mutation mutation-radical)
laethferch (mutation mutation-soft)


gei

cei (mutation mutation-radical)
gei (mutation mutation-soft)
nghei (mutation mutation-nasal)
chei (mutation mutation-aspirate)


blinder

blinderau (plural)
blinder (mutation mutation-radical)
flinder (mutation mutation-soft)
mlinder (mutation mutation-nasal)

blinderus

wearisome, tiring; troublesome, troubling

(uncountable) tiredness, weariness, fatigue


lun

llun (mutation mutation-radical)
lun (mutation mutation-soft)


chu

cu (mutation mutation-radical)
gu (mutation mutation-soft)
nghu (mutation mutation-nasal)
chu (mutation mutation-aspirate)


nai

From Middle Welsh nei, from Proto-Brythonic *nei, from Proto-Celtic *neɸūss, from Proto-Indo-European *népōts.


Tórshavn

Tórshavn (mutation mutation-radical)
Dórshavn (mutation mutation-soft)
Nhórshavn (mutation mutation-nasal)
Thórshavn (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Faroese Tórshavn, from Old Norse Þórshǫfn (“Thor's Haven”).

Tórshavn (the capital city of the Faroe Islands)


riant

rhiant (mutation mutation-radical)
riant (mutation mutation-soft)


beint

peint (mutation mutation-radical)
beint (mutation mutation-soft)
mheint (mutation mutation-nasal)
pheint (mutation mutation-aspirate)


ï

The letter I, marked for its syllabic vocalic pronunciation distinct from adjacent vowels.


Â

The letter A, marked for its long stressed pronunciation, either in a monosyllabic word or in the final syllable of a polysyllabic word.


ü

The letter U, marked for its syllabic pronunciation distinct from adjacent vowels.


raser

From English raser a variation of razor.


arglwyddes

arglwyddesau (plural)
arglwyddes (mutation mutation-radical)
harglwyddes (mutation prothesis-h)

/arɡˈlʊɨ̯ðɛs/

From Middle Welsh arglwyðes. By surface analysis, arglwydd (“lord”) + -es.


Arglwyddes

Arglwyddesau (plural)
Arglwyddes (mutation mutation-radical)
Harglwyddes (mutation prothesis-h)

/arɡˈlʊɨ̯ðɛs/


arglwydd

cy-noun

arglwydd m (plural arglwyddi, feminine arglwyddes)

arglwyddi (plural)
arglwyddes (feminine)
arglwydd (mutation mutation-radical)
harglwydd (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh arglwyð. Compare Cornish arlodh.


Arglwydd

Arglwydd (mutation mutation-radical)
Harglwydd (mutation prothesis-h)


benyw

benywod (plural)
benyw (mutation mutation-radical)
fenyw (mutation mutation-soft)
menyw (mutation mutation-nasal)

Nominalized adjective, perhaps from Proto-Brythonic *banuyos,masculine derived from Proto-Celtic *ban-, whence Welsh banon (“maiden queen”), Old Breton ban-doiuis (“goddess”), Old Irish ban-chú (“female dog”); akin to Cornish benow (“feminine, female”). Further related to Old Welsh ben (“woman”), from Proto-Celtic *benā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn. Doublet of banw.


ê

The letter E, marked for its long stressed pronunciation, either in a monosyllabic word or in the final syllable of a polysyllabic word.


ù

The letter U, marked for its short pronunciation in monosyllabic words.


ô

The letter O, marked for its long stressed pronunciation, either in a monosyllabic word or in the final syllable of a polysyllabic word.


Gwenfrewi

A saint's name, from gwen (“white, fair, blessed”) + ffrwd (“brook, stream”).


potes

potesau (plural)
potes (mutation mutation-radical)
botes (mutation mutation-soft)
mhotes (mutation mutation-nasal)
photes (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Old French potage (“soup”), possibly via Middle English potage.


egin

eginyn (singulative)
egin (mutation mutation-radical)
hegin (mutation prothesis-h)

Proto-Celtic *akīnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”) + *-iHnos.


gyn-

cyn- (mutation mutation-radical)
gyn- (mutation mutation-soft)
nghyn- (mutation mutation-nasal)
chyn- (mutation mutation-aspirate)


tŷ

tai (plural)
tŷ (mutation mutation-radical)
dŷ (mutation mutation-soft)
nhŷ (mutation mutation-nasal)
thŷ (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh ty, from Proto-Brythonic *tɨɣ, from Proto-Celtic *tegos, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg-.


gorn

corn (mutation mutation-radical)
gorn (mutation mutation-soft)
nghorn (mutation mutation-nasal)
chorn (mutation mutation-aspirate)


hardal

ardal (mutation mutation-radical)
hardal (mutation prothesis-h)


eith

eith (mutation mutation-radical)
heith (mutation prothesis-h)

third-person singular future colloquial of mynd


teru

cy-verb

teru (first-person singular present teraf)

teraf (first-person present singular)
teraf (first-person future indicative present singular)
teri (future indicative present second-person singular)
têr (future indicative present singular third-person)
tera (future indicative present singular third-person)
terwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
terwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
terant (future indicative plural present third-person)
terir (future impersonal indicative present)
terwn (conditional first-person singular)
terwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
terit (conditional second-person singular)
terit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
terai (conditional singular third-person)
terai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
terem (conditional first-person plural)
terem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
terech (conditional plural second-person)
terech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
terent (conditional plural third-person)
terent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
terid (conditional impersonal)
terid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
terais (first-person preterite singular)
teraist (preterite second-person singular)
terodd (preterite singular third-person)
terasom (first-person plural preterite)
terasoch (plural preterite second-person)
terasant (plural preterite third-person)
terwyd (impersonal preterite)
teraswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
terasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
terasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
terasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
terasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
terasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
terasid (impersonal pluperfect)
teresid (impersonal pluperfect)
terwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
terych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
tero (present singular subjunctive third-person)
terom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
teroch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
teront (plural present subjunctive third-person)
terer (impersonal present subjunctive)
têr (imperative second-person singular)
tera (imperative second-person singular)
tered (imperative singular third-person)
terwn (first-person imperative plural)
terwch (imperative plural second-person)
terent (imperative plural third-person)
terer (imperative impersonal)
teru (noun-from-verb)
teredig (participle)
teradwy (participle)
tera i (first-person future singular)
teraf i (first-person future singular)
teri di (future second-person singular)
terith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
teriff e (future singular third-person)
terwn ni (first-person future plural)
terwch chi (future plural second-person)
teran nhw (future plural third-person)
terwn i (conditional first-person singular)
terswn i (conditional first-person singular)
teret ti (conditional second-person singular)
terset ti (conditional second-person singular)
terai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
tersai fo (conditional singular third-person)
teren ni (conditional first-person plural)
tersen ni (conditional first-person plural)
terech chi (conditional plural second-person)
tersech chi (conditional plural second-person)
teren nhw (conditional plural third-person)
tersen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
terais i (first-person preterite singular)
teres i (first-person preterite singular)
teraist ti (preterite second-person singular)
terest ti (preterite second-person singular)
terodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
teron ni (first-person plural preterite)
teroch chi (plural preterite second-person)
teron nhw (plural preterite third-person)
tera (imperative second-person singular)
terwch (imperative plural second-person)
teru (mutation mutation-radical)
deru (mutation mutation-soft)
nheru (mutation mutation-nasal)
theru (mutation mutation-aspirate)


buon

buon (mutation mutation-radical)
fuon (mutation mutation-soft)
muon (mutation mutation-nasal)

first/third-person plural preterite colloquial of bod


cani

cani (mutation mutation-radical)
gani (mutation mutation-soft)
nghani (mutation mutation-nasal)
chani (mutation mutation-aspirate)

second-person singular future colloquial of canu


Cheri

Ceri (mutation mutation-radical)
Geri (mutation mutation-soft)
Ngheri (mutation mutation-nasal)
Cheri (mutation mutation-aspirate)


magu

magu (first-person singular present magaf)

magaf (first-person present singular)
magaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
megi (future indicative present second-person singular)
mag (future indicative present singular third-person)
maga (future indicative present singular third-person)
magwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
megwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
magwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
magant (future indicative plural present third-person)
megir (future impersonal indicative present)
magwn (conditional first-person singular)
magwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
magit (conditional second-person singular)
magit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
magai (conditional singular third-person)
magai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
magem (conditional first-person plural)
magem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
magech (conditional plural second-person)
magech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
magent (conditional plural third-person)
magent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
megid (conditional impersonal)
megid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
megais (first-person preterite singular)
megaist (preterite second-person singular)
magodd (preterite singular third-person)
magasom (first-person plural preterite)
magasoch (plural preterite second-person)
magasant (plural preterite third-person)
magwyd (impersonal preterite)
magaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
magasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
magasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
magasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
magasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
magasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
magasid (impersonal pluperfect)
magesid (impersonal pluperfect)
magwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
megych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
mago (present singular subjunctive third-person)
magom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
magoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
magont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
mager (impersonal present subjunctive)
maga (imperative second-person singular)
maged (imperative singular third-person)
magwn (first-person imperative plural)
megwch (imperative plural second-person)
magwch (imperative plural second-person)
magent (imperative plural third-person)
mager (imperative impersonal)
magu (noun-from-verb)
magedig (participle)
magadwy (participle)
maga i (first-person future singular)
magaf i (first-person future singular)
magi di (future second-person singular)
magith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
magiff e (future singular third-person)
magwn ni (first-person future plural)
magwch chi (future plural second-person)
magan nhw (future plural third-person)
magwn i (conditional first-person singular)
magswn i (conditional first-person singular)
maget ti (conditional second-person singular)
magset ti (conditional second-person singular)
magai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
magsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
magen ni (conditional first-person plural)
magsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
magech chi (conditional plural second-person)
magsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
magen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
magsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
magais i (first-person preterite singular)
mages i (first-person preterite singular)
magaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
magest ti (preterite second-person singular)
magodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
magon ni (first-person plural preterite)
magoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
magon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
maga (imperative second-person singular)
magwch (imperative plural second-person)
magu (mutation mutation-radical)
fagu (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh magu (“to rear, produce”), from Proto-Brythonic *mėgɨd, from Proto-Celtic *maketi (“to raise”), from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ḱ- (“long, to raise”).

der

(transitive) to rear, to raise, to bring up


Dylan

Dylan (mutation mutation-radical)
Ddylan (mutation mutation-soft)
Nylan (mutation mutation-nasal)


castelli

castelli (mutation mutation-radical)
gastelli (mutation mutation-soft)
nghastelli (mutation mutation-nasal)
chastelli (mutation mutation-aspirate)


credent

credent (mutation mutation-radical)
gredent (mutation mutation-soft)
nghredent (mutation mutation-nasal)
chredent (mutation mutation-aspirate)

third-person plural imperfect/conditional/imperative of credu


reilffordd

rheilffordd (mutation mutation-radical)
reilffordd (mutation mutation-soft)


rheilffordd

rheilffyrdd (plural)
rheilffordd (mutation mutation-radical)
reilffordd (mutation mutation-soft)

Compound of rheil + ffordd. Calque of English railway


prin

cy-adj

prin (feminine singular prin, plural prinion, equative prinned, comparative prinnach, superlative prinnaf)

prin (feminine singular)
prinion (plural)
prinned (equative)
prinnach (comparative)
prinnaf (superlative)


prin

unattested (plural)
prin (mutation mutation-radical)
brin (mutation mutation-soft)
mhrin (mutation mutation-nasal)
phrin (mutation mutation-aspirate)


aceri

aceri (mutation mutation-radical)
haceri (mutation prothesis-h)


posibil

posibil (feminine singular posibil, plural posibil, equative mor bosibil, comparative mwy posibil, superlative mwyaf posibil)

posibil (feminine singular)
posibil (plural)
mor bosibil (equative)
mwy posibil (comparative)
mwyaf posibil (superlative)
posibil (mutation mutation-radical)
bosibil (mutation mutation-soft)
mhosibil (mutation mutation-nasal)
phosibil (mutation mutation-aspirate)


bastai

pastai (mutation mutation-radical)
bastai (mutation mutation-soft)
mhastai (mutation mutation-nasal)
phastai (mutation mutation-aspirate)


metr

metrau (plural)
metr (mutation mutation-radical)
fetr (mutation mutation-soft)


ceni

ceni (mutation mutation-radical)
geni (mutation mutation-soft)
ngheni (mutation mutation-nasal)
cheni (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(literary) second-person singular present indicative/future of canu


Alana

Alana (mutation mutation-radical)
Halana (mutation prothesis-h)

a female given name, masculine equivalent Alan


celai

celai (mutation mutation-radical)
gelai (mutation mutation-soft)
nghelai (mutation mutation-nasal)
chelai (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(South Wales) third-person singular conditional colloquial of cael


basai

basai (mutation mutation-radical)
fasai (mutation mutation-soft)
masai (mutation mutation-nasal)

third-person singular conditional colloquial of bod


Anita

Anita (mutation mutation-radical)
Hanita (mutation prothesis-h)


faner

baner (mutation mutation-radical)
faner (mutation mutation-soft)
maner (mutation mutation-nasal)


ceri

Related to Old Irish cáer (“berry”). Outside of Celtic, likely related to Latin carīna (“half of a walnut shell; ship keel”); see there for more.

cog

hips (fruit), especially of dogrose or briar


ceri

ceri (mutation mutation-radical)
geri (mutation mutation-soft)
ngheri (mutation mutation-nasal)
cheri (mutation mutation-aspirate)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

(literary) second-person singular present indicative/future of caru


colli

cy-verb

colli (first-person singular present collaf)

collaf (first-person present singular)
collaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
colli (future indicative present second-person singular)
cyll (future indicative present singular third-person)
colla (future indicative present singular third-person)
collwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
collwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
collant (future indicative plural present third-person)
collir (future impersonal indicative present)
collwn (conditional first-person singular)
collwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
collit (conditional second-person singular)
collit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
collai (conditional singular third-person)
collai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
collem (conditional first-person plural)
collem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
collech (conditional plural second-person)
collech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
collent (conditional plural third-person)
collent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
collid (conditional impersonal)
collid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
collais (first-person preterite singular)
collaist (preterite second-person singular)
collodd (preterite singular third-person)
collasom (first-person plural preterite)
collasoch (plural preterite second-person)
collasant (plural preterite third-person)
collwyd (impersonal preterite)
collaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
collasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
collasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
collasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
collasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
collasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
collasid (impersonal pluperfect)
collesid (impersonal pluperfect)
collwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
collych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
collo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
collom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
colloch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
collont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
coller (impersonal present subjunctive)
coll (imperative second-person singular)
colla (imperative second-person singular)
colled (imperative singular third-person)
collwn (first-person imperative plural)
collwch (imperative plural second-person)
collent (imperative plural third-person)
coller (imperative impersonal)
colli (noun-from-verb)
colledig (participle)
colladwy (participle)
colla i (first-person future singular)
collaf i (first-person future singular)
colli di (future second-person singular)
collith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
colliff e (future singular third-person)
collwn ni (first-person future plural)
collwch chi (future plural second-person)
collan nhw (future plural third-person)
collwn i (conditional first-person singular)
collswn i (conditional first-person singular)
collet ti (conditional second-person singular)
collset ti (conditional second-person singular)
collai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
collsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
collen ni (conditional first-person plural)
collsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
collech chi (conditional plural second-person)
collsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
collen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
collsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
collais i (first-person preterite singular)
colles i (first-person preterite singular)
collaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
collest ti (preterite second-person singular)
collodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
collon ni (first-person plural preterite)
colloch chi (plural preterite second-person)
collon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
colla (imperative second-person singular)
collwch (imperative plural second-person)
colli (mutation mutation-radical)
golli (mutation mutation-soft)
ngholli (mutation mutation-nasal)
cholli (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From coll (“loss”) + -i, cognate with Latin clādēs (“destruction”) and Old Irish coll (“destruction”).

colli arno ei hun

to lose one's self, to be beside one's self

colli blas

to lose its savour; to lose one's taste (for)

Dw i wedi colli fy mhwrs.

Byddwn ni'n colli'n drwm yfory.


geni

head

geni (impersonal singular present genir)

genir (impersonal present singular)
genir (future impersonal indicative present)
genid (conditional impersonal)
genid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
ganed (impersonal preterite)
ganwyd (impersonal preterite)
ganesid (impersonal pluperfect)
ganer (impersonal present subjunctive)
geni (noun-from-verb)
ganedig (participle)
genedigol (participle)

From Middle Welsh geny, from Proto-Brythonic *gėnjed, from Proto-Celtic *ganyetor, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₁-yé-tor.

(impersonal, usually passive voice) to be born


geni

geni (mutation mutation-radical)
eni (mutation mutation-soft)
ngeni (mutation mutation-nasal)

dyddiad geni


credi

credi (mutation mutation-radical)
gredi (mutation mutation-soft)
nghredi (mutation mutation-nasal)
chredi (mutation mutation-aspirate)

second-person singular present/future of credu


creda

creda (mutation mutation-radical)
greda (mutation mutation-soft)
nghreda (mutation mutation-nasal)
chreda (mutation mutation-aspirate)

inflection of credu:
first-person singular future colloquial

inflection of credu:
second-person singular imperative


tros

trosof (first-person singular)
trosom (first-person plural)
trosot (second-person singular)
trosoch (plural second-person)
trosto m (singular third-person)
trosti f (singular third-person)
trostynt (plural third-person)
trosto i (first-person singular)
fi (first-person singular)
trosta i (first-person singular)
troston ni (first-person plural)
trostot ti (second-person singular)
trostat ti (second-person singular)
trostoch chi (plural second-person)
trosto fe (singular third-person)
fo m (singular third-person)
trosti hi f (singular third-person)
trostyn nhw (plural third-person)
tros (mutation mutation-radical)
dros (mutation mutation-soft)
nhros (mutation mutation-nasal)
thros (mutation mutation-aspirate)


tân

tanau (plural)
tân (mutation mutation-radical)
dân (mutation mutation-soft)
nhân (mutation mutation-nasal)
thân (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh tan, from Proto-Brythonic *tan, from Proto-Celtic *teɸnets (“fire”), from Proto-Indo-European *tep- (“be warm”).
Compare Old Irish teine, Cornish and Breton tan.


cari

cari (mutation mutation-radical)
gari (mutation mutation-soft)
nghari (mutation mutation-nasal)
chari (mutation mutation-aspirate)

second-person singular future colloquial of caru


poti

poti (mutation mutation-radical)
boti (mutation mutation-soft)
mhoti (mutation mutation-nasal)
photi (mutation mutation-aspirate)

O’dd Fay Franklin drws nesa wedi ca’l doli anhygoel o’r enw Dinah, doli a allai ddweud ‘Mama’, yfed o botel a mynd i’r poti.

2011, Sharon Morgan, Hanes Rhyw Gymraes: Hunangofiant Sharon Morgan, →ISBN:

Fay Franklin next door had got an amazing doll named Dinah, a doll that could say ‘Mama’, drink from a bottle and go to the potty.


cosi

cy-verb

cosi (first-person singular present cosaf)

cosaf (first-person present singular)
cosaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
cosi (future indicative present second-person singular)
cosa (future indicative present singular third-person)
coswn (first-person future indicative plural present)
coswch (future indicative plural present second-person)
cosant (future indicative plural present third-person)
cosir (future impersonal indicative present)
coswn (conditional first-person singular)
coswn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
cosit (conditional second-person singular)
cosit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
cosai (conditional singular third-person)
cosai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
cosem (conditional first-person plural)
cosem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
cosech (conditional plural second-person)
cosech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
cosent (conditional plural third-person)
cosent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
cosid (conditional impersonal)
cosid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
cosais (first-person preterite singular)
cosaist (preterite second-person singular)
cosodd (preterite singular third-person)
cosasom (first-person plural preterite)
cosasoch (plural preterite second-person)
cosasant (plural preterite third-person)
coswyd (impersonal preterite)
cosaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
cosasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
cosasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
cosasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
cosasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
cosasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
cosasid (impersonal pluperfect)
cosesid (impersonal pluperfect)
coswyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cosych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
coso (present singular subjunctive third-person)
cosom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
cosoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cosont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
coser (impersonal present subjunctive)
cosa (imperative second-person singular)
cosed (imperative singular third-person)
coswn (first-person imperative plural)
coswch (imperative plural second-person)
cosent (imperative plural third-person)
coser (imperative impersonal)
cosi (noun-from-verb)
cosedig (participle)
cosadwy (participle)
cosa i (first-person future singular)
cosaf i (first-person future singular)
cosi di (future second-person singular)
cosith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
cosiff e (future singular third-person)
coswn ni (first-person future plural)
coswch chi (future plural second-person)
cosan nhw (future plural third-person)
coswn i (conditional first-person singular)
coset ti (conditional second-person singular)
cosai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
cosen ni (conditional first-person plural)
cosech chi (conditional plural second-person)
cosen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
cosais i (first-person preterite singular)
coses i (first-person preterite singular)
cosaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
cosest ti (preterite second-person singular)
cosodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
coson ni (first-person plural preterite)
cosoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
coson nhw (plural preterite third-person)
cosa (imperative second-person singular)
coswch (imperative plural second-person)
cosi (mutation mutation-radical)
gosi (mutation mutation-soft)
nghosi (mutation mutation-nasal)
chosi (mutation mutation-aspirate)


moli

moli (first-person singular present molaf)

molaf (first-person present singular)
molaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
moli (future indicative present second-person singular)
mawl (future indicative present singular third-person)
mola (future indicative present singular third-person)
molwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
molwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
molant (future indicative plural present third-person)
molir (future impersonal indicative present)
molwn (conditional first-person singular)
molwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
molit (conditional second-person singular)
molit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
molai (conditional singular third-person)
molai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
molem (conditional first-person plural)
molem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
molech (conditional plural second-person)
molech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
molent (conditional plural third-person)
molent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
molid (conditional impersonal)
molid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
molais (first-person preterite singular)
molaist (preterite second-person singular)
molodd (preterite singular third-person)
molasom (first-person plural preterite)
molasoch (plural preterite second-person)
molasant (plural preterite third-person)
molwyd (impersonal preterite)
molaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
molasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
molasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
molasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
molasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
molasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
molasid (impersonal pluperfect)
molesid (impersonal pluperfect)
molwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
molych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
molo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
molom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
moloch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
molont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
moler (impersonal present subjunctive)
mola (imperative second-person singular)
moled (imperative singular third-person)
molwn (first-person imperative plural)
molwch (imperative plural second-person)
molent (imperative plural third-person)
moler (imperative impersonal)
moli (noun-from-verb)
moledig (participle)
moladwy (participle)
mola i (first-person future singular)
molaf i (first-person future singular)
moli di (future second-person singular)
molith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
moliff e (future singular third-person)
molwn ni (first-person future plural)
molwch chi (future plural second-person)
molan nhw (future plural third-person)
molwn i (conditional first-person singular)
molswn i (conditional first-person singular)
molet ti (conditional second-person singular)
molset ti (conditional second-person singular)
molai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
molsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
molen ni (conditional first-person plural)
molsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
molech chi (conditional plural second-person)
molsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
molen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
molsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
molais i (first-person preterite singular)
moles i (first-person preterite singular)
molaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
molest ti (preterite second-person singular)
molodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
molon ni (first-person plural preterite)
moloch chi (plural preterite second-person)
molon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
mola (imperative second-person singular)
molwch (imperative plural second-person)
moli (mutation mutation-radical)
foli (mutation mutation-soft)

From Proto-Brythonic *molọd, from Proto-Celtic *molātor, equivalent to mawl (“praise”) + -i. Cognate with Irish mol (“to praise”).

(transitive) to praise, to extol, to laud, to eulogize


pali

palïau (plural)
pali (mutation mutation-radical)
bali (mutation mutation-soft)
mhali (mutation mutation-nasal)
phali (mutation mutation-aspirate)


copi

copïau (plural)
copi (mutation mutation-radical)
gopi (mutation mutation-soft)
nghopi (mutation mutation-nasal)
chopi (mutation mutation-aspirate)


gelai

celai (mutation mutation-radical)
gelai (mutation mutation-soft)
nghelai (mutation mutation-nasal)
chelai (mutation mutation-aspirate)


llannau

llannau (mutation mutation-radical)
lannau (mutation mutation-soft)

From llan (“church, parish; monastery;churchyard; enclosure, yard; small town or village”) + -au.


tacsi

tacsis (plural)
tacsi (mutation mutation-radical)
dacsi (mutation mutation-soft)
nhacsi (mutation mutation-nasal)
thacsi (mutation mutation-aspirate)


yfed

cy-verb

yfed (first-person singular present yfaf)

yfaf (first-person present singular)
yfaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
yfi (future indicative present second-person singular)
yf (future indicative present singular third-person)
yfwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
yfwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
yfant (future indicative plural present third-person)
yfir (future impersonal indicative present)
yfwn (conditional first-person singular)
yfwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
yfit (conditional second-person singular)
yfit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
yfai (conditional singular third-person)
yfai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
yfem (conditional first-person plural)
yfem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
yfech (conditional plural second-person)
yfech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
yfent (conditional plural third-person)
yfent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
yfid (conditional impersonal)
yfid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
yfais (first-person preterite singular)
yfaist (preterite second-person singular)
yfodd (preterite singular third-person)
yfasom (first-person plural preterite)
yfasoch (plural preterite second-person)
yfasant (plural preterite third-person)
yfwyd (impersonal preterite)
yfaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
yfasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
yfasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
yfasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
yfasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
yfasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
yfasid (impersonal pluperfect)
yfesid (impersonal pluperfect)
yfwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
yfych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
yfo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
yfom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
yfoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
yfont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
yfer (impersonal present subjunctive)
yf (imperative second-person singular)
yfa (imperative second-person singular)
yfed (imperative singular third-person)
yfwn (first-person imperative plural)
yfwch (imperative plural second-person)
yfent (imperative plural third-person)
yfer (imperative impersonal)
yfed (noun-from-verb)
yfedig (participle)
yfadwy (participle)
yfa i (first-person future singular)
yfaf i (first-person future singular)
yfi di (future second-person singular)
yfith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
yfiff e (future singular third-person)
yfwn ni (first-person future plural)
yfwch chi (future plural second-person)
yfan nhw (future plural third-person)
yfwn i (conditional first-person singular)
yfswn i (conditional first-person singular)
yfet ti (conditional second-person singular)
yfset ti (conditional second-person singular)
yfai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
yfsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
yfen ni (conditional first-person plural)
yfsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
yfech chi (conditional plural second-person)
yfsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
yfen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
yfsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
yfais i (first-person preterite singular)
yfes i (first-person preterite singular)
yfaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
yfest ti (preterite second-person singular)
yfodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
yfon ni (first-person plural preterite)
yfoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
yfon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
yfa (imperative second-person singular)
yfwch (imperative plural second-person)
yfed (mutation mutation-radical)
hyfed (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh yuet, from Old Welsh iben (imperfect), from Proto-Celtic *ɸibeti, from Proto-Indo-European *píph₃eti.


cont

contiau (plural)
contau (plural)
cont (mutation mutation-radical)
gont (mutation mutation-soft)
nghont (mutation mutation-nasal)
chont (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Latin cunnus; cf. also English cunt.


haen

Possibly influenced by or related to taenu (“to spread”).


lori

cy-noun

lori f (plural lorïau or loris, not mutable)


talit

talit (mutation mutation-radical)
dalit (mutation mutation-soft)
nhalit (mutation mutation-nasal)
thalit (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(literary) second-person singular imperfect/conditional of talu


clau

cy-verb

clau (first-person singular present cleuaf)

cleuaf (first-person present singular)
clau (mutation mutation-radical)
glau (mutation mutation-soft)
nghlau (mutation mutation-nasal)
chlau (mutation mutation-aspirate)


maint

meintiau (plural)
maint (mutation mutation-radical)
faint (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh maint, from Old Welsh meint, from Proto-Brythonic *mėnt, from Proto-Brythonic *mėnt, from Proto-Celtic *mantī (“quantity”) (compare Old Irish méit, Irish méid), from Proto-Indo-European *mh₁-nt-, from *meh₁- (“to measure”).


ruban

rubanau (plural)
ruban (mutation mutation-radical)

Borrowed from Middle English ruban (“ribbon”), from Middle French ruban.


cymar

cymheiriaid (plural)
cymar (mutation mutation-radical)
gymar (mutation mutation-soft)
nghymar (mutation mutation-nasal)
chymar (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh kymar, from Proto-Brythonic *kumpar, from Latin compār (“fellow, equal; spouse”).

cymheiriaid

peers (in the sense of ‘peer-review’ etc.)


pelydr X

pelydrau X (plural)
pelydr X (mutation mutation-radical)
belydr X (mutation mutation-soft)
mhelydr X (mutation mutation-nasal)
phelydr X (mutation mutation-aspirate)

[ˌpʰɛlɨ̞dr̩ ˈɛks]


Nghymru

Cymru (mutation mutation-radical)
Gymru (mutation mutation-soft)
Nghymru (mutation mutation-nasal)
Chymru (mutation mutation-aspirate)


gares

cares (mutation mutation-radical)
gares (mutation mutation-soft)
nghares (mutation mutation-nasal)
chares (mutation mutation-aspirate)


sos

From Middle English sauce, from Old French sauce.


corgwn

corgwn (mutation mutation-radical)
gorgwn (mutation mutation-soft)
nghorgwn (mutation mutation-nasal)
chorgwn (mutation mutation-aspirate)


dân

dân (mutation mutation-radical)
ddân (mutation mutation-soft)
nân (mutation mutation-nasal)

third-person plural future colloquial of dod


dân

tân (mutation mutation-radical)
dân (mutation mutation-soft)
nhân (mutation mutation-nasal)
thân (mutation mutation-aspirate)


unet

second-person singular conditional colloquial of uno


noli

doli (mutation mutation-radical)
ddoli (mutation mutation-soft)
noli (mutation mutation-nasal)


ddraig

draig (mutation mutation-radical)
ddraig (mutation mutation-soft)
nraig (mutation mutation-nasal)


filiwn

miliwn (mutation mutation-radical)
filiwn (mutation mutation-soft)


miliwn

miliynau (plural)
miliwn (mutation mutation-radical)
filiwn (mutation mutation-soft)

Borrowed from Middle English milioun; see million for more.


pipo

pipo (first-person singular present pipaf)

pipaf (first-person present singular)
pipaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
pipi (future indicative present second-person singular)
pip (future indicative present singular third-person)
pipa (future indicative present singular third-person)
pipwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
pipwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
pipant (future indicative plural present third-person)
pipir (future impersonal indicative present)
pipwn (conditional first-person singular)
pipwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
pipit (conditional second-person singular)
pipit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
pipai (conditional singular third-person)
pipai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
pipem (conditional first-person plural)
pipem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
pipech (conditional plural second-person)
pipech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
pipent (conditional plural third-person)
pipent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
pipid (conditional impersonal)
pipid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
pipais (first-person preterite singular)
pipaist (preterite second-person singular)
pipodd (preterite singular third-person)
pipasom (first-person plural preterite)
pipasoch (plural preterite second-person)
pipasant (plural preterite third-person)
pipwyd (impersonal preterite)
pipaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
pipasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
pipasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
pipasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
pipasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
pipasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
pipasid (impersonal pluperfect)
pipesid (impersonal pluperfect)
pipwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
pipych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
pipo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pipom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
pipoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pipont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
piper (impersonal present subjunctive)
pip (imperative second-person singular)
pipa (imperative second-person singular)
piped (imperative singular third-person)
pipwn (first-person imperative plural)
pipwch (imperative plural second-person)
pipent (imperative plural third-person)
piper (imperative impersonal)
pipo (noun-from-verb)
pipedig (participle)
pipadwy (participle)
pipa i (first-person future singular)
pipaf i (first-person future singular)
pipi di (future second-person singular)
pipith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
pipiff e (future singular third-person)
pipwn ni (first-person future plural)
pipwch chi (future plural second-person)
pipan nhw (future plural third-person)
pipwn i (conditional first-person singular)
pipswn i (conditional first-person singular)
pipet ti (conditional second-person singular)
pipset ti (conditional second-person singular)
pipai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
pipsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
pipen ni (conditional first-person plural)
pipsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
pipech chi (conditional plural second-person)
pipsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
pipen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
pipsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
pipais i (first-person preterite singular)
pipes i (first-person preterite singular)
pipaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
pipest ti (preterite second-person singular)
pipodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
pipon ni (first-person plural preterite)
pipoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
pipon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
pipa (imperative second-person singular)
pipwch (imperative plural second-person)
pipo (mutation mutation-radical)
bipo (mutation mutation-soft)
mhipo (mutation mutation-nasal)
phipo (mutation mutation-aspirate)


sigarét

cy-noun

sigarét f (plural sigaréts or sigaretau, not mutable)


rhefrau

rhefrau (mutation mutation-radical)
refrau (mutation mutation-soft)


rhefr

rhefrau (plural)
rhefr (mutation mutation-radical)
refr (mutation mutation-soft)

From Proto-Celtic *remros (“great, fat, thick”) (compare Breton reor (“backside, rump”), Irish ramhar (“thick, plump”)).


bych

cy-adj

bych (feminine singular bech, plural bych, equative lleied, comparative llai, superlative lleiaf)

bech (feminine singular)
bych (plural)
lleied (equative)
llai (comparative)
lleiaf (superlative)

From Proto-Brythonic *bɨx, from Proto-Celtic *bikkos (“small”). Doublet of bach.


bych

bych (mutation mutation-radical)
fych (mutation mutation-soft)
mych (mutation mutation-nasal)

(literary) second-person singular present subjunctive of bod


caned

third-person singular imperative of canu


onnen

onnen (mutation mutation-radical)
honnen (mutation prothesis-h)


duw

duwiau (plural)
duwies (feminine)
duw (mutation mutation-radical)
dduw (mutation mutation-soft)
nuw (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh duu, from Old Welsh duiu, from Proto-Brythonic *duɨw, from Proto-Celtic *deiwos, from Proto-Indo-European *deywós.


ynys

ynysoedd (plural)
ynys (mutation mutation-radical)
hynys (mutation prothesis-h)

From Old Welsh inis, from Proto-Brythonic *ɨnɨs, from Proto-Celtic *enistī.


llygad

llygaid (plural)
llygadau (plural)
llygad (mutation mutation-radical)
lygad (mutation mutation-soft)

Inherited from Middle Welsh llygat, from Old Welsh licat, from Proto-Brythonic *llugad, from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“to see”). Cognate with Cornish lagas (“eye”), Breton lagad (“eye”), Sanskrit लोचन (locana, “eye”)


stryd

Borrowed from Middle English strete, from Old English strǣt (“a road, a town-road, a street, a paved road, high road”), from Proto-West Germanic *strātu (“street”), an early borrowing from Late Latin (via) strāta (“paved (road)”).


eirth

eirth (mutation mutation-radical)
heirth (mutation prothesis-h)


treigladau trwynol

treigladau trwynol (mutation mutation-radical)
dreigladau trwynol (mutation mutation-soft)
nhreigladau trwynol (mutation mutation-nasal)
threigladau trwynol (mutation mutation-aspirate)


trwynol

cy-adj

trwynol (feminine singular trwynol, plural trwynol, equative mor drwynol, comparative mwy trwynol, superlative mwyaf trwynol)

trwynol (feminine singular)
trwynol (plural)
mor drwynol (equative)
mwy trwynol (comparative)
mwyaf trwynol (superlative)
trwynol (mutation mutation-radical)
drwynol (mutation mutation-soft)
nhrwynol (mutation mutation-nasal)
thrwynol (mutation mutation-aspirate)


teisennau

teisennau (mutation mutation-radical)
deisennau (mutation mutation-soft)
nheisennau (mutation mutation-nasal)
theisennau (mutation mutation-aspirate)


treigladau

treigladau (mutation mutation-radical)
dreigladau (mutation mutation-soft)
nhreigladau (mutation mutation-nasal)
threigladau (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From treiglad (“mutation, inflexion”) + -au.


teisen

teisennau (plural)
teisen (mutation mutation-radical)
deisen (mutation mutation-soft)
nheisen (mutation mutation-nasal)
theisen (mutation mutation-aspirate)


treiglad

treigladau (plural)
treiglad (mutation mutation-radical)
dreiglad (mutation mutation-soft)
nhreiglad (mutation mutation-nasal)
threiglad (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Er mor sylfaenol yw treiglo i ramadeg y Gymraeg, dim ond ar naw cytsain y gall effeithio. Y mae'r newidiadau'n ymddosbarthu'n dair prif gyfres o dreigladau, sef: i. y treiglad meddal, ii. y treiglad trwynol, a iii. y treiglad llaes.

1996, Peter Wynn Thomas, Gramadeg y Gymraeg, Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru, page 683:

Despite mutation being so fundamental to Welsh grammar, it can only affect nine consonants. The changes are classified into three main series o mutations, namely: i. the soft mutation, ii. the nasal mutation and iii. the aspirate mutation.


arth

eirth (plural)
arth (mutation mutation-radical)
harth (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh arth, from Proto-Brythonic *arθ, from Proto-Celtic *artos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos.


Gymru

Cymru (mutation mutation-radical)
Gymru (mutation mutation-soft)
Nghymru (mutation mutation-nasal)
Chymru (mutation mutation-aspirate)


broch

brochod (plural)
broch (mutation mutation-radical)
froch (mutation mutation-soft)
mroch (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh broch, from Proto-Brythonic *brox, from Proto-Celtic *brokkos.


llom

llom (mutation mutation-radical)
lom (mutation mutation-soft)


Rhys

English surnames: Price, Reece, Rees, Reese, Rice

Rhys (mutation mutation-radical)
Rys (mutation mutation-soft)

From Old Welsh Ris (“ardor, fiery warrior”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂- (“to run”). Related to modern rhysfa (“attack”), rhys (“war hammer”), though these could have originated from the name.

a male given name from Old Welsh used in Wales since the Middle Ages


asgwrn

esgyrn (plural)
asgwrn (mutation mutation-radical)
hasgwrn (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh ascurn, ascwrn, from Proto-Celtic *astV-kornV- (compare Cornish/Breton askorn), compound of *ast- (“bone”) (more at ais) and *kornu (“horn”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂nom (compare Latin cornū, English horn), from *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”).


brau

brau (feminine singular brau, plural breuon, equative breued, comparative breuach, superlative breuaf)

brau (feminine singular)
breuon (plural)
breued (equative)
breuach (comparative)
breuaf (superlative)
brau (mutation mutation-radical)
frau (mutation mutation-soft)
mrau (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Celtic *brus-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrus- (“to break apart, to shred”). Cognate with Cornish brew, Old Irish bruid. See also: briw (“wound, injury”).

inh

forthright, candid, harsh, blunt, brutally honest


cryman

crymanau (plural)
cryman (mutation mutation-radical)
gryman (mutation mutation-soft)
nghryman (mutation mutation-nasal)
chryman (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From crwm (“convex; crooked, bent, curved, bowed, hooked”) + -an (diminutive suffix).


gwely

gwelyau (plural)
gwelâu (plural)
gwely (mutation mutation-radical)
wely (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwely (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Brythonic *gwölɨɣ, ultimately a combination of Proto-Indo-European *upo + *legʰ- (“to lie (down)”), but the intermediate pathway is disputed.
* GPC goes with Proto-Celtic *uɸo-legyom.
* Schrijver thinks this word is a paradigmatic split-off from the oblique stem of *uɸolexs, with gwâl (“lair”) coming from the nominative singular.
Cognate with Breton gwele, Cornish gweli.

there's more than one way of getting something done

mae mwy nag un ffordd i gael Wil i'w wely


garen

caren (mutation mutation-radical)
garen (mutation mutation-soft)
ngharen (mutation mutation-nasal)
charen (mutation mutation-aspirate)


peth

pethau (plural)
pethach (plural)
peth (mutation mutation-radical)
beth (mutation mutation-soft)
mheth (mutation mutation-nasal)
pheth (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *peθ (compare Cornish pyth, Breton pezh), from Proto-Celtic *kʷezdis (compare Irish cuid). Cognate with English piece.

(usually in the plural) personal possessions, belongings, tools, equipment

person, creature (often derogatory, but also affectionate)

(in the plural) circumstances, conditions

what is said or thought, statement, opinion, idea


torri

cy-verb

torri (first-person singular present torraf)

torraf (first-person present singular)
torraf (first-person future indicative present singular)
torri (future indicative present second-person singular)
tyr (future indicative present singular third-person)
tor (future indicative present singular third-person)
torrwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
torrwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
torrant (future indicative plural present third-person)
torrir (future impersonal indicative present)
torrwn (conditional first-person singular)
torrwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
torrit (conditional second-person singular)
torrit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
torrai (conditional singular third-person)
torrai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
torrem (conditional first-person plural)
torrem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
torrech (conditional plural second-person)
torrech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
torrent (conditional plural third-person)
torrent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
torrid (conditional impersonal)
torrid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
torrais (first-person preterite singular)
torraist (preterite second-person singular)
torrodd (preterite singular third-person)
torasom (first-person plural preterite)
torasoch (plural preterite second-person)
torasant (plural preterite third-person)
torrwyd (impersonal preterite)
toraswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
torasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
torasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
torasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
torasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
torasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
torasid (impersonal pluperfect)
toresid (impersonal pluperfect)
torrwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
torrych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
torro (present singular subjunctive third-person)
torrom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
torroch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
torront (plural present subjunctive third-person)
torrer (impersonal present subjunctive)
tor (imperative second-person singular)
torra (imperative second-person singular)
torred (imperative singular third-person)
torrwn (first-person imperative plural)
torrwch (imperative plural second-person)
torrent (imperative plural third-person)
torrer (imperative impersonal)
torri (noun-from-verb)
toredig (participle)
toradwy (participle)
torra i (first-person future singular)
torraf i (first-person future singular)
torri di (future second-person singular)
torrith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
torriff e (future singular third-person)
torrwn ni (first-person future plural)
torrwch chi (future plural second-person)
torran nhw (future plural third-person)
torrwn i (conditional first-person singular)
torswn i (conditional first-person singular)
torret ti (conditional second-person singular)
torset ti (conditional second-person singular)
torrai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
torsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
torren ni (conditional first-person plural)
torsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
torrech chi (conditional plural second-person)
torsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
torren nhw (conditional plural third-person)
torsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
torrais i (first-person preterite singular)
torres i (first-person preterite singular)
torraist ti (preterite second-person singular)
torrest ti (preterite second-person singular)
torrodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
torron ni (first-person plural preterite)
torroch chi (plural preterite second-person)
torron nhw (plural preterite third-person)
torra (imperative second-person singular)
torrwch (imperative plural second-person)
torri (mutation mutation-radical)
dorri (mutation mutation-soft)
nhorri (mutation mutation-nasal)
thorri (mutation mutation-aspirate)

According to Matasovic, from a non-Indo-European substrate language, but Pokorny suggests Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ- (“to twist, spin”). Cognate with Cornish terri, Breton torriñ.

torri ar chwarae rhywun

to put a spoke in someone's wheel, put an end to someone’s antics

Ffoniwch am ambiwlans, dw i wedi torri fy nghoes!

Ydych chi wedi torri’r gacen eto?

Maen nhw'n torri’r rheolau.

Mae rhaid i fi dorri’r lawnt heddiw.


maith

cy-adj

maith (feminine singular maith, plural meithion, equative maithed, comparative maithach, superlative maithaf)

maith (feminine singular)
meithion (plural)
maithed (equative)
maithach (comparative)
maithaf (superlative)
maith (mutation mutation-radical)
faith (mutation mutation-soft)


milwyr

milwyr (mutation mutation-radical)
filwyr (mutation mutation-soft)


migwrn

migyrnau (plural)
migwrn (mutation mutation-radical)
figwrn (mutation mutation-soft)


milwr

milwyr (plural)
milwr (mutation mutation-radical)
filwr (mutation mutation-soft)


nhw

From Middle Welsh -nt (“3rd person plural verb ending”) + hwy (“they”), related to Breton i (“they”), Cornish i (“they”).


effaith

effeithiau (plural)
effaith (mutation mutation-radical)
heffaith (mutation prothesis-h)

Borrowed from Latin effectus (“effect”), as if via a Proto-Brythonic *efeiθ, but the word is not attested until the 16th century.


siarad

cy-verb

siarad (first-person singular present siaradaf, not mutable)

siaradaf (first-person present singular)
siaradaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
siaredi (future indicative present second-person singular)
sieryd (future indicative present singular third-person)
siaradwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
siaredwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
siaradwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
siaradant (future indicative plural present third-person)
siaredir (future impersonal indicative present)
siaradwn (conditional first-person singular)
siaradwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
siaradit (conditional second-person singular)
siaradit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
siaradai (conditional singular third-person)
siaradai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
siaradem (conditional first-person plural)
siaradem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
siaradech (conditional plural second-person)
siaradech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
siaradent (conditional plural third-person)
siaradent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
siaredid (conditional impersonal)
siaredid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
siaredais (first-person preterite singular)
siaredaist (preterite second-person singular)
siaradodd (preterite singular third-person)
siaradasom (first-person plural preterite)
siaradasoch (plural preterite second-person)
siaradasant (plural preterite third-person)
siaradwyd (impersonal preterite)
siaradaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
siaradasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
siaradasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
siaradasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
siaradasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
siaradasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
siaradasid (impersonal pluperfect)
siaradesid (impersonal pluperfect)
siaradwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
siaredych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
siarado (present singular subjunctive third-person)
siaradom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
siaradoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
siaradont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
siarader (impersonal present subjunctive)
siarad (imperative second-person singular)
siaraded (imperative singular third-person)
siaradwn (first-person imperative plural)
siaredwch (imperative plural second-person)
siaradwch (imperative plural second-person)
siaradent (imperative plural third-person)
siarader (imperative impersonal)
siarad (noun-from-verb)
siarada i (first-person future singular)
siaradaf i (first-person future singular)
siaradi di (future second-person singular)
siaradith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
siaradiff e (future singular third-person)
siaradwn ni (first-person future plural)
siaradwch chi (future plural second-person)
siaradan nhw (future plural third-person)
siaradwn i (conditional first-person singular)
siaradswn i (conditional first-person singular)
siaradet ti (conditional second-person singular)
siaradset ti (conditional second-person singular)
siaradai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
siaradsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
siaraden ni (conditional first-person plural)
siaradsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
siaradech chi (conditional plural second-person)
siaradsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
siaraden nhw (conditional plural third-person)
siaradsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
siaradais i (first-person preterite singular)
siarades i (first-person preterite singular)
siaradaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
siaradest ti (preterite second-person singular)
siaradodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
siaradon ni (first-person plural preterite)
siaradoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
siaradon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
siarada (imperative second-person singular)
siaradwch (imperative plural second-person)

The verbal noun is "attested since Iolo Goch (14th century). T.A. Watkins (1961:97) quotes this as a possible loan from English charade"; if so, then probably ultimately from Occitan charrar (“to chat”) (compare French charade).

Siaradwch yn araf os gwelwch yn dda.

Siaredir Cymraeg fan hyn.

Mae Dafydd yn siarad â Megan.
Dafydd is talking to Megan.

Ni siaradwyd gair.

Clywedwyd hi'n siarad amdanat ti.


ydw

Ydw i yn yr ysbyty?

first-person singular present colloquial of bod (in interrogative or identification statements)


dw

Dw i yn y car.

Dw i ddim yn hapus.

(North Wales) first-person singular present colloquial of bod (in affirmative or negative statements)


[ˌlan.vai̯r.pʊɬˌɡwɨ̞n.ɡɨ̞ɬ.ɡɔˌɡɛr.əˌχwɨ̞rnˌdrɔ.bʊɬˌɬan.təˌsɪl.jɔˌɡɔ.ɡɔˈɡoːχ]

[ˌlan.vai̯r.pʊɬˌɡwɪn.ɡɪɬ.ɡɔˌɡɛr.əˌχwɪrnˌdrɔ.bʊɬˌɬan.təˌsɪl.jɔˌɡɔ.ɡɔˈɡoːχ]

Soft mutation of Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch.