damio

cy-verb

damio (first-person singular present damniaf)

damniaf (first-person present singular)
damniaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
damni (future indicative present second-person singular)
damnia (future indicative present singular third-person)
damniwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
damniwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
damniant (future indicative plural present third-person)
damnir (future impersonal indicative present)
damniwn (conditional first-person singular)
damniwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
damnit (conditional second-person singular)
damnit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
damniai (conditional singular third-person)
damniai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
damniem (conditional first-person plural)
damniem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
damniech (conditional plural second-person)
damniech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
damnient (conditional plural third-person)
damnient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
damnid (conditional impersonal)
damnid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
damniais (first-person preterite singular)
damniaist (preterite second-person singular)
damniodd (preterite singular third-person)
damniasom (first-person plural preterite)
damniasoch (plural preterite second-person)
damniasant (plural preterite third-person)
damniwyd (impersonal preterite)
damniaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
damniasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
damniasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
damniasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
damniasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
damniasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
damniasid (impersonal pluperfect)
damniesid (impersonal pluperfect)
damniwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
damniech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
damnio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
damniom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
damnioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
damniont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
damnier (impersonal present subjunctive)
damnia (imperative second-person singular)
damnied (imperative singular third-person)
damniwn (first-person imperative plural)
damniwch (imperative plural second-person)
damnient (imperative plural third-person)
damnier (imperative impersonal)
damio (noun-from-verb)
damniedig (participle)
damniadwy (participle)
damnia i (first-person future singular)
damniaf i (first-person future singular)
damni di (future second-person singular)
damnith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
damniff e (future singular third-person)
damniwn ni (first-person future plural)
damniwch chi (future plural second-person)
damnian nhw (future plural third-person)
damniwn i (conditional first-person singular)
damniswn i (conditional first-person singular)
damniet ti (conditional second-person singular)
damniset ti (conditional second-person singular)
damniai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
damnisai fo (conditional singular third-person)
damnien ni (conditional first-person plural)
damnisen ni (conditional first-person plural)
damniech chi (conditional plural second-person)
damnisech chi (conditional plural second-person)
damnien nhw (conditional plural third-person)
damnisen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
damniais i (first-person preterite singular)
damnies i (first-person preterite singular)
damniaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
damniest ti (preterite second-person singular)
damniodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
damnion ni (first-person plural preterite)
damnioch chi (plural preterite second-person)
damnion nhw (plural preterite third-person)
damnia (imperative second-person singular)
damniwch (imperative plural second-person)


damio

damio (mutation mutation-radical)
ddamio (mutation mutation-soft)
namio (mutation mutation-nasal)


pacio

pacio (first-person singular present paciaf)

paciaf (first-person present singular)
paciaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
peci (future indicative present second-person singular)
pacia (future indicative present singular third-person)
paciwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
peciwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
paciwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
paciant (future indicative plural present third-person)
pecir (future impersonal indicative present)
paciwn (conditional first-person singular)
paciwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pecit (conditional second-person singular)
pecit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
paciai (conditional singular third-person)
paciai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
paciem (conditional first-person plural)
paciem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
paciech (conditional plural second-person)
paciech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pacient (conditional plural third-person)
pacient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pecid (conditional impersonal)
pecid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
peciais (first-person preterite singular)
peciaist (preterite second-person singular)
paciodd (preterite singular third-person)
paciasom (first-person plural preterite)
paciasoch (plural preterite second-person)
paciasant (plural preterite third-person)
paciwyd (impersonal preterite)
paciaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
paciasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
paciasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
paciasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
paciasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
paciasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
paciasid (impersonal pluperfect)
paciesid (impersonal pluperfect)
paciwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
peciech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
pacio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
paciom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
pacioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
paciont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pacier (impersonal present subjunctive)
pacia (imperative second-person singular)
pacied (imperative singular third-person)
paciwn (first-person imperative plural)
peciwch (imperative plural second-person)
paciwch (imperative plural second-person)
pacient (imperative plural third-person)
pacier (imperative impersonal)
pacio (noun-from-verb)
paciedig (participle)
paciadwy (participle)
pacia i (first-person future singular)
paciaf i (first-person future singular)
paci di (future second-person singular)
pacith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
paciff e (future singular third-person)
paciwn ni (first-person future plural)
paciwch chi (future plural second-person)
pacian nhw (future plural third-person)
paciwn i (conditional first-person singular)
pacswn i (conditional first-person singular)
paciet ti (conditional second-person singular)
pacset ti (conditional second-person singular)
paciai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
pacsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
pacien ni (conditional first-person plural)
pacsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
paciech chi (conditional plural second-person)
pacsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
pacien nhw (conditional plural third-person)
pacsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
paciais i (first-person preterite singular)
pacies i (first-person preterite singular)
paciaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
paciest ti (preterite second-person singular)
paciodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
pacion ni (first-person plural preterite)
pacioch chi (plural preterite second-person)
pacion nhw (plural preterite third-person)
pacia (imperative second-person singular)
paciwch (imperative plural second-person)
pacio (mutation mutation-radical)
bacio (mutation mutation-soft)
mhacio (mutation mutation-nasal)
phacio (mutation mutation-aspirate)


gwyddoniaeth

gwyddoniaethau (plural)
gwyddoniaeth (mutation mutation-radical)
wyddoniaeth (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwyddoniaeth (mutation mutation-nasal)

/ɡwɨ̞ˈðɔnjaɨ̯θ/

/ɡwɨ̞ˈðɔnjɛθ/

/ɡwɪˈðɔnjai̯θ/

/ɡwɪˈðɔnjɛθ/


brenhiniaeth

breniniaethau (plural)
brenhiniaeth (mutation mutation-radical)
frenhiniaeth (mutation mutation-soft)
mrenhiniaeth (mutation mutation-nasal)

From brenin (“king, monarch, sovereign”) + -iaeth.


cafiar

cafiar (mutation mutation-radical)
gafiar (mutation mutation-soft)
nghafiar (mutation mutation-nasal)
chafiar (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From English caviar, from French caviar, from Ottoman Turkish خاویار (havyar), from Persian خاویار (xâvyâr).


masg

masgau (plural)
masg (mutation mutation-radical)
fasg (mutation mutation-soft)


swigen

Alteration of chwysigen, from Middle Welsh chuyssigen, an alteration (with the suffix -en) of Proto-Brythonic *guɨsig, from Latin vēsīca (“bladder”).


stopiem

(literary) first-person plural imperfect/conditional of stopio


stopi

second-person singular present/future of stopio


chared

cared (mutation mutation-radical)
gared (mutation mutation-soft)
nghared (mutation mutation-nasal)
chared (mutation mutation-aspirate)


eirin

cy-noun

eirin f (collective, singulative eirinen)

eirinen (singulative)
eirin (mutation mutation-radical)
heirin (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh eirin, from Proto-Brythonic *ėɣrin, from Proto-Celtic *agrinyā, plural of *agrinyom (compare Cornish yryn, Breton irin, Irish airne (“sloe”)), from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₂ógeh₂ (“berry”) (compare Tocharian B oko (“fruit”), Old Church Slavonic агода (agoda, “berry”)).

cog

stones, glands (of the scrotum), testicles


ael

From Old Welsh ail (“eyebrow”), related to Old Breton guorail (“eyebrow”) (probably from guor (“over”) + ail).

dan aeliau rhywun

surreptitiously, furtively; under someone's eyebrows

Roedd ganddo lygaid llawn, brown tywyll, gydag aeliau duon mawr.

He had full dark brown eyes with big black eyebrows.

Trowch i’r chwith ar ael y bryn.


ael

aeloedd (plural)
ael (mutation mutation-radical)
hael (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Celtic *aglos. Cognate with Irish ál.


naet

second-person singular conditional colloquial of gwneud


faet

baet (mutation mutation-radical)
faet (mutation mutation-soft)
maet (mutation mutation-nasal)


cantref

cantrefi (plural)
cantref (mutation mutation-radical)
gantref (mutation mutation-soft)
nghantref (mutation mutation-nasal)
chantref (mutation mutation-aspirate)

English: cantref

a mediaeval land division in Wales, between the cwmwd and the gwlad


bae

baeau anabl


bae

bae (mutation mutation-radical)
fae (mutation mutation-soft)
mae (mutation mutation-nasal)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


torro

torro (mutation mutation-radical)
dorro (mutation mutation-soft)
nhorro (mutation mutation-nasal)
thorro (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(literary) third-person singular subjunctive of torri


chwys

From Middle Welsh chuis, from Proto-Brythonic *hwɨs, from Proto-Celtic *swissos, from Proto-Indo-European *sweyd-.


grib

crib (mutation mutation-radical)
grib (mutation mutation-soft)
nghrib (mutation mutation-nasal)
chrib (mutation mutation-aspirate)


brochion

brochion (mutation mutation-radical)
frochion (mutation mutation-soft)
mrochion (mutation mutation-nasal)


brochod

brochod (mutation mutation-radical)
frochod (mutation mutation-soft)
mrochod (mutation mutation-nasal)


sêl

seal (stamp used to impress a design on a soft substance such as wax)

seal (design or insignia usually associated with an organization or official role)


sêl

cy-noun

sêl f (plural seli or sêls, not mutable)


chnoc

cnoc (mutation mutation-radical)
gnoc (mutation mutation-soft)
nghnoc (mutation mutation-nasal)
chnoc (mutation mutation-aspirate)


han-

an- (mutation mutation-radical)
han- (mutation prothesis-h)


garem

carem (mutation mutation-radical)
garem (mutation mutation-soft)
ngharem (mutation mutation-nasal)
charem (mutation mutation-aspirate)


berlau

perlau (mutation mutation-radical)
berlau (mutation mutation-soft)
mherlau (mutation mutation-nasal)
pherlau (mutation mutation-aspirate)


nglas

glas (mutation mutation-radical)
las (mutation mutation-soft)
nglas (mutation mutation-nasal)


hawn

awn (mutation mutation-radical)
hawn (mutation prothesis-h)


weler

gweler (mutation mutation-radical)
weler (mutation mutation-soft)
ngweler (mutation mutation-nasal)


babanod

babanod (mutation mutation-radical)
fabanod (mutation mutation-soft)
mabanod (mutation mutation-nasal)

From baban (“baby, babe, infant”) + -od.


cerddoriaeth

cerddoriaeth (mutation mutation-radical)
gerddoriaeth (mutation mutation-soft)
ngherddoriaeth (mutation mutation-nasal)
cherddoriaeth (mutation mutation-aspirate)

/kɛrˈðɔrjaɨ̯θ/

/kɛrˈðɔrjɛθ/

/kɛrˈðɔrjɛθ/


ennill

cog

Middle Irish indile (“goods, cattle; growth, progress”)

(in the plural) earnings, proceeds, revenue


ennill

cy-verb

ennill (first-person singular present enillaf)

enillaf (first-person present singular)
enillaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
enilli (future indicative present second-person singular)
ennill (future indicative present singular third-person)
enillwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
enillwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
enillant (future indicative plural present third-person)
enillir (future impersonal indicative present)
enillwn (conditional first-person singular)
enillwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
enillit (conditional second-person singular)
enillit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
enillai (conditional singular third-person)
enillai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
enillem (conditional first-person plural)
enillem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
enillech (conditional plural second-person)
enillech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
enillent (conditional plural third-person)
enillent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
enillid (conditional impersonal)
enillid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
enillais (first-person preterite singular)
enillaist (preterite second-person singular)
enillodd (preterite singular third-person)
enillasom (first-person plural preterite)
enillasoch (plural preterite second-person)
enillasant (plural preterite third-person)
enillwyd (impersonal preterite)
enillaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
enillasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
enillasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
enillasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
enillasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
enillasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
enillasid (impersonal pluperfect)
enillesid (impersonal pluperfect)
enillwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
enillych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
enillo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
enillom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
enilloch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
enillont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
eniller (impersonal present subjunctive)
ennill (imperative second-person singular)
enilla (imperative second-person singular)
enilled (imperative singular third-person)
enillwn (first-person imperative plural)
enillwch (imperative plural second-person)
enillent (imperative plural third-person)
eniller (imperative impersonal)
ennill (noun-from-verb)
enilledig (participle)
enilladwy (participle)
enilla i (first-person future singular)
enillaf i (first-person future singular)
enilli di (future second-person singular)
enillith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
enilliff e (future singular third-person)
enillwn ni (first-person future plural)
enillwch chi (future plural second-person)
enillan nhw (future plural third-person)
enillwn i (conditional first-person singular)
enillswn i (conditional first-person singular)
enillet ti (conditional second-person singular)
enillset ti (conditional second-person singular)
enillai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
enillsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
enillen ni (conditional first-person plural)
enillsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
enillech chi (conditional plural second-person)
enillsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
enillen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
enillsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
enillais i (first-person preterite singular)
enilles i (first-person preterite singular)
enillaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
enillest ti (preterite second-person singular)
enillodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
enillon ni (first-person plural preterite)
enilloch chi (plural preterite second-person)
enillon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
enilla (imperative second-person singular)
enillwch (imperative plural second-person)
ennill (mutation mutation-radical)
hennill (mutation prothesis-h)


pwyll

pwyll (mutation mutation-radical)
bwyll (mutation mutation-soft)
mhwyll (mutation mutation-nasal)
phwyll (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *puɨll, from Proto-Celtic *kʷeislā, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeyt- (“to notice”). Cognate with Sanskrit चित्त (citta, “thinking, thought”).


cefn

cy-noun

cefn m (plural cefnau or cefnoedd or cefnydd)

cefnau (plural)
cefnoedd (plural)
cefnydd (plural)
cefn (mutation mutation-radical)
gefn (mutation mutation-soft)
nghefn (mutation mutation-nasal)
chefn (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh keuen. Related to Breton kein (“back”), Cornish keyn (“back”), Gaulish Cebenna (“ridge, height”) (whence French Cévennes).

ar gefn

in addition to, as a consequence of, with regard to; at the expense of; on top, upon, up to

cefn lloer

full moon; crescent of the moon, half moon

cefnog

backed, having a back; strong, stout brave

yng nghefn

behind one's back, underhand; following, pursuing

(anatomy) back, rear
(figuratively) back, support

(agriculture) ridge (ploughed land between two parallel furrows)

(geology) vertical furrow, fissure or fault in a rock

(biblical) furlong (unit of length equivalent to a stadion)


pandai

pandai (mutation mutation-radical)
bandai (mutation mutation-soft)
mhandai (mutation mutation-nasal)
phandai (mutation mutation-aspirate)


canais

canais (mutation mutation-radical)
ganais (mutation mutation-soft)
nghanais (mutation mutation-nasal)
chanais (mutation mutation-aspirate)

first-person singular preterite colloquial of canu


waeth

gwaeth (mutation mutation-radical)
waeth (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwaeth (mutation mutation-nasal)


agweddi

agweddïau (plural)
agweddi (mutation mutation-radical)
hagweddi (mutation prothesis-h)


amobr

amobrau (plural)
amobr (mutation mutation-radical)
hamobr (mutation prothesis-h)

(historical, law) a maiden-fee, paid to a lord on the marriage of a maiden in his manor.


gobr merch

gobrau merch (plural)
gobr merch (mutation mutation-radical)
obr merch (mutation mutation-soft)
ngobr merch (mutation mutation-nasal)

a maiden-fee, paid to a lord at the loss of virginity


alltud

alltudion (plural)
alltud (mutation mutation-radical)
halltud (mutation prothesis-h)

From all- (“out-”) + tud (“country”). Cognate with Old English elþēod.


bangeibr

bangeibrau (plural)
bangeibr (mutation mutation-radical)
fangeibr (mutation mutation-soft)
mangeibr (mutation mutation-nasal)

From ban (“high, lofty”) + ceibr (“rafter”).


ceiniog

ceiniogau (plural)
ceiniog (mutation mutation-radical)
geiniog (mutation mutation-soft)
ngheiniog (mutation mutation-nasal)
cheiniog (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh kenyawc, keinhauc (“penny”). Perhaps ultimately related to cant (“circle, rim, hoop”).

inh

(historical) a penny of 24 or 32 grains of silver


bonheddig

cy-adj

bonheddig (feminine singular bonheddig, plural boneddigion, equative boneddiced, comparative boneddicach, superlative boneddicaf)

bonheddig (feminine singular)
boneddigion (plural)
boneddiced (equative)
boneddicach (comparative)
boneddicaf (superlative)

/bɔnˈheːðɪɡ/

bonedd (“pedigree; nobility”) + -ig (“possessing”) (compare Old Welsh bonhedyc, bonhetyc)


bonheddig

boneddigion (plural)
bonheddig (mutation mutation-radical)
fonheddig (mutation mutation-soft)
monheddig (mutation mutation-nasal)

/bɔnˈheːðɪɡ/


pennaeth

cy-noun

pennaeth m or f by sense (plural penaethiaid or penaethaid or penaethau or penaethion)

penaethiaid (plural)
penaethaid (plural)
penaethau (plural)
penaethion (plural)
pennaeth (mutation mutation-radical)
bennaeth (mutation mutation-soft)
mhennaeth (mutation mutation-nasal)
phennaeth (mutation mutation-aspirate)


sarhad

sarhad m or f (plural sarhadau, not mutable)

(historical) wergeld, the fine paid for such damage under traditional Welsh law, determined by the social status of the victim


erw

erwau (plural)
erw (mutation mutation-radical)
herw (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Celtic *arwī (compare Breton erv, Cornish erow), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-wo- (“plowable”) (compare Old Irish arbor, Latin arvum).

(obsolete) medieval Welsh unit of surface area equal to 11664 sq. ft. or about ¹⁄₄ acre


maer biswail

meiri biswail (plural)
maer biswail (mutation mutation-radical)
faer biswail (mutation mutation-soft)

From maer (“mayor”) + buwch (“cow”) + tail (“shit, dung”)

(historical) the official charged with administering the king's cattle in medieval Wales


tywysog

tywysog m (plural tywysogion, feminine tywysoges)

tywysogion (plural)
tywysoges (feminine)
tywysog (mutation mutation-radical)
dywysog (mutation mutation-soft)
nhywysog (mutation mutation-nasal)
thywysog (mutation mutation-aspirate)

/təu̯.ˈəsɔɡ/

From Proto-Celtic *towissākos (“leader”), synchronically tywys (“to lead”) + -og (“one who does something”). Cognate with Irish taoiseach.


taeog

tŷ (“house, home”) + -og (“-er; belonging to”)

labourer, farmer, husbandman, peasant, common man


taeog

cy-adj

taeog (feminine singular taeog, plural taeog, equative mor daeog, comparative mwy taeog, superlative mwyaf taeog)

taeog (feminine singular)
taeog (plural)
mor daeog (equative)
mwy taeog (comparative)
mwyaf taeog (superlative)
taeog (mutation mutation-radical)
daeog (mutation mutation-soft)
nhaeog (mutation mutation-nasal)
thaeog (mutation mutation-aspirate)

churlish, boorish, blunt, sullen, surly, rustic, servile, fawning, cringing


bonedd

bonheddion (plural)
bonedd (mutation mutation-radical)
fonedd (mutation mutation-soft)
monedd (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Old Welsh bonhed (spelling variant bonhet), from Proto-Celtic *bonusedos, hence also Old Irish bunad (“origin, stock, root”), hence Irish bunadh and Scottish Gaelic bunadh.

bonheddig

noble, aristocratic, pertaining to nobility, characteristic of nobility, befitting nobility; high-principled, courteous; magnificent, excellent, fine; luxurious, delicate; proud; haughty

nobility, nobleness, noble descent, lineage, pedigree

noble person, noble people, nobility, gentlemen, aristocracy, gentry (sometimes derogatory)


pencenedl

pennau cenedl (plural)
pencenedl (mutation mutation-radical)
bencenedl (mutation mutation-soft)
mhencenedl (mutation mutation-nasal)
phencenedl (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Old Welsh penkenedel. By surface analysis, pen (“head”) + cenedl (“kindred”).

surf

head of a family or house
head of household


caeth

cy-adj

caeth (feminine singular caeth, plural caethion, equative caethed, comparative caethach, superlative caethaf)

caeth (feminine singular)
caethion (plural)
caethed (equative)
caethach (comparative)
caethaf (superlative)

From Old Welsh kaeth, kaet, cahet, cayt (“slave”), from Proto-Brythonic *kaɨθ, from Proto-Celtic *kaxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ptós.


caeth

caeth (mutation mutation-radical)
gaeth (mutation mutation-soft)
nghaeth (mutation mutation-nasal)
chaeth (mutation mutation-aspirate)


brith

brith (feminine singular braith, plural brithion, not comparable)

braith (feminine singular)
brithion (plural)
brith (mutation mutation-radical)
frith (mutation mutation-soft)
mrith (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Old Welsh brith, from Proto-Brythonic *briθ, from Proto-Celtic *mrixtos.


cloit

cloit (mutation mutation-radical)
gloit (mutation mutation-soft)
nghloit (mutation mutation-nasal)
chloit (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(literary) second-person singular imperfect/conditional of cloi


starn

cy-noun

starn f or m (plural starnau, not mutable)

starnau (plural)
starn (mutation mutation-radical)


dangos

cy-verb

dangos (first-person singular present dangosaf)

dangosaf (first-person present singular)
dangosaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
dangosi (future indicative present second-person singular)
dengys (future indicative present singular third-person)
dangoswn (first-person future indicative plural present)
dangoswch (future indicative plural present second-person)
dangosant (future indicative plural present third-person)
dangosir (future impersonal indicative present)
dangoswn (conditional first-person singular)
dangoswn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
dangosit (conditional second-person singular)
dangosit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
dangosai (conditional singular third-person)
dangosai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
dangosem (conditional first-person plural)
dangosem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
dangosech (conditional plural second-person)
dangosech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
dangosent (conditional plural third-person)
dangosent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
dangosid (conditional impersonal)
dangosid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
dangosais (first-person preterite singular)
dangosaist (preterite second-person singular)
dangosodd (preterite singular third-person)
dangosasom (first-person plural preterite)
dangosasoch (plural preterite second-person)
dangosasant (plural preterite third-person)
dangoswyd (impersonal preterite)
dangosaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
dangosasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
dangosasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
dangosasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
dangosasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
dangosasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
dangosasid (impersonal pluperfect)
dangosesid (impersonal pluperfect)
dangoswyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
dangosych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
dangoso (present singular subjunctive third-person)
dangosom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
dangosoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
dangosont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
dangoser (impersonal present subjunctive)
dangos (imperative second-person singular)
dangosed (imperative singular third-person)
dangoswn (first-person imperative plural)
dangoswch (imperative plural second-person)
dangosent (imperative plural third-person)
dangoser (imperative impersonal)
dangos (noun-from-verb)
dangosedig (participle)
dangosadwy (participle)
dangosa i (first-person future singular)
dangosaf i (first-person future singular)
dangosi di (future second-person singular)
dangosith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
dangosiff e (future singular third-person)
dangoswn ni (first-person future plural)
dangoswch chi (future plural second-person)
dangosan nhw (future plural third-person)
dangoswn i (conditional first-person singular)
dangoset ti (conditional second-person singular)
dangosai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
dangosen ni (conditional first-person plural)
dangosech chi (conditional plural second-person)
dangosen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
dangosais i (first-person preterite singular)
dangoses i (first-person preterite singular)
dangosaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
dangosest ti (preterite second-person singular)
dangosodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
dangoson ni (first-person plural preterite)
dangosoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
dangoson nhw (plural preterite third-person)
dangosa (imperative second-person singular)
dangoswch (imperative plural second-person)
dangos (mutation mutation-radical)
ddangos (mutation mutation-soft)
nangos (mutation mutation-nasal)

From dann- (equivalent to dy- + an-) + a reflex of Proto-Indo-European *ḱens- (“announce”).


Morgannwg

Morgannwg (mutation mutation-radical)
Forgannwg (mutation mutation-soft)

From its eponymous founder Morgan Hen + -wg.

Glamorgan (a traditional county in southern Wales)


syth

cy-adj

syth (feminine singular seth, plural sythion, equative sythed, comparative sythach, superlative sythaf, not mutable)

seth (feminine singular)
sythion (plural)
sythed (equative)
sythach (comparative)
sythaf (superlative)

From Proto-Celtic *sizdos, from Proto-Indo-European *sísdeti. Cognate with Middle Irish seta (“tall”), Latin sīdō (“sit down, settle”).


sgwâr

cy-noun

sgwâr m or f (plural sgwariau, not mutable)


ongl

onglau (plural)
ongl (mutation mutation-radical)
hongl (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle English angle, angul, angule, borrowed from Middle French angle, from Latin angulus (“corner, remote area”).


pedrongl

[ˈpʰɛdrɔŋl̩]

pedr- (“quadri-”) + ongl (“angle, corner”)


pedrongl

pedrongl (mutation mutation-radical)
bedrongl (mutation mutation-soft)
mhedrongl (mutation mutation-nasal)
phedrongl (mutation mutation-aspirate)

[ˈpʰɛdrɔŋl̩]


lechi

llechi (mutation mutation-radical)
lechi (mutation mutation-soft)


taran

taranau (plural)
taran (mutation mutation-radical)
daran (mutation mutation-soft)
nharan (mutation mutation-nasal)
tharan (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh taran, from Proto-Brythonic *taran, from Proto-Celtic *toranos (“thunder”).
Cognate with Cornish taran, Breton taran, Irish toirneach, Scottish Gaelic tàirneanach, Manx taarnagh.


torran

torran (mutation mutation-radical)
dorran (mutation mutation-soft)
nhorran (mutation mutation-nasal)
thorran (mutation mutation-aspirate)

third-person plural present/future colloquial of torri


iraid

ireidiau (plural)
iraid (mutation mutation-radical)
hiraid (mutation prothesis-h)


crau

From Middle Welsh creu, from Proto-Celtic *kruwos, *kruwyos (“enclosure”) (compare Breton krao (“eye of a needle”), kraou (“stable”), Cornish krow (“hut, shed, sty”), Irish cró (“eye socket; enclosure”)), from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₁- (“to hide”) (compare Old English hrēodan (“to cover”), Old Church Slavonic крꙑти (kryti, “to hide”)).


crau

crau (mutation mutation-radical)
grau (mutation mutation-soft)
nghrau (mutation mutation-nasal)
chrau (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *krow, from Proto-Celtic *krūs, from Proto-Indo-European *kréwh₂s. Cognate with Irish cró, Latin cruor, Ancient Greek κρέας (kréas), Old English hrǣw (English raw).


gwiwer

gwiwerod (plural)
gwiwer (mutation mutation-radical)
wiwer (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwiwer (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Brythonic *gwɨwer, from Proto-Celtic *wiweros, from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“squirrel, stoat”). Cognate with Cornish gwiwer, Breton gwiñver.


breyr

brehyrion (plural)
brehyron (plural)
breyr (mutation mutation-radical)
freyr (mutation mutation-soft)
mreyr (mutation mutation-nasal)


dyweddi

cy-noun

dyweddi m or f by sense (plural dyweddïau)

dyweddïau (plural)
dyweddi (mutation mutation-radical)
ddyweddi (mutation mutation-soft)
nyweddi (mutation mutation-nasal)


bragod

bragodau (plural)
bragodydd (plural)
bragod (mutation mutation-radical)
fragod (mutation mutation-soft)
mragod (mutation mutation-nasal)

bragget, an alcoholic beverage made from mead and ale wort


briduw

briduw (mutation mutation-radical)
friduw (mutation mutation-soft)
mriduw (mutation mutation-nasal)

(law) a solemn oath in which God is taken as a witness


arddelw

arddelw m or f by sense (plural arddelwon)

arddelwon (plural)
arddelw (mutation mutation-radical)
harddelw (mutation prothesis-h)

(law) a vouchee involved in a legal defense


uchelwr

uchelwyr (plural)
uchelwr (mutation mutation-radical)
huchelwr (mutation prothesis-h)


camlwrw

camlwrw m (plural camlyriau or camlyrau)

camlyriau (plural)
camlyrau (plural)
camlwrw (mutation mutation-radical)
gamlwrw (mutation mutation-soft)
nghamlwrw (mutation mutation-nasal)
chamlwrw (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(law, historical) a fine of three cows paid to a king for various offenses


byddinol

cy-adj

byddinol (feminine singular byddinol, plural byddinol, not comparable)

byddinol (feminine singular)
byddinol (plural)
byddinol (mutation mutation-radical)
fyddinol (mutation mutation-soft)
myddinol (mutation mutation-nasal)

From byddin (“ambush”, “band, troop, army”) + -ol.


canghellor

cy-noun

canghellor m (plural cangellorion or cangelloriaid)

cangellorion (plural)
cangelloriaid (plural)
canghellor (mutation mutation-radical)
ganghellor (mutation mutation-soft)
nghanghellor (mutation mutation-nasal)
changhellor (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh kyghellawr, from Late Latin cancellārius, from Latin cancellus. Cognate with English chancellor and German Kanzler.

(historical) a royal officer of medieval Wales appointed to oversee certain of the king's demesne holdings and taeogs


cwmwd

cymydau (plural)
cymydoedd (plural)
cwmwd (mutation mutation-radical)
gwmwd (mutation mutation-soft)
nghwmwd (mutation mutation-nasal)
chwmwd (mutation mutation-aspirate)

→ English: commote

From Middle Welsh kymhwt; cognate with Old Breton compot (“division of land”) and Modern Breton kombod (“compartment (of a train)”). Equivalent to cy(m)- + bod.

cog

(historical) a commote, a medieval land division subdividing cantrefs


gordd

gyrdd (plural)
gordd (mutation mutation-radical)
ordd (mutation mutation-soft)
ngordd (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh orð (with g added in nonleniting environments), from Proto-Brythonic *orð (whence also Old Breton ord, modern Breton horzh (“sledgehammer”), and the demonym Ordo-vices), from Proto-Celtic *ordos (whence also Old Irish ord). Connections outside Celtic are uncertain, but it may be related to Old Armenian ուռն (uṙn, “hammer”).

one of the fulling stocks or beetles in a fulling mill


ebediw

ebediwau (plural)
ebediwiau (plural)
ebediw (mutation mutation-radical)
hebediw (mutation prothesis-h)

(law, historical) a heriot, a payment made to a lord on the death of a tenant


marwdy

marwdai (plural)
marwdy (mutation mutation-radical)
farwdy (mutation mutation-soft)

(law, historical) the real estate and its appurtenances escheating to a lord because its owner died intestate


teithi

From a nominalization of Proto-Celtic *tanxtyos (“proper, right”), from Proto-Indo-European *tenk- (“to be solid, firm”); cognate with Old Irish téchtae. Closely related to Proto-Celtic *tankos (“peace”).

der

The Laws of Hywel Dda
Teithi gwr ywgallu kyt agwreic a bot yn gyfan yaelodeu oll.

The teithi of a man are that he should be able to have connexion with a woman and that he should be sound in all his limbs.

(law, historical) the essential qualities or attributes required of something under the law, the loss of which occasioned certain punishments or payments of compensation

The Laws of Hywel Dda
Teithi kath, kymeint yw ae gwerth kyfreith.

The teithi of a cat are as much as its legal worth.


teithi

teithi (mutation mutation-radical)
deithi (mutation mutation-soft)
nheithi (mutation mutation-nasal)
theithi (mutation mutation-aspirate)

second-person singular present/future of teithio


dirwy

cy-noun

dirwy m or f (plural dirwyon or dirwyau)

dirwyon (plural)
dirwyau (plural)
dirwy (mutation mutation-radical)
ddirwy (mutation mutation-soft)
nirwy (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh diruy, dyruy, dyrwy, from Proto-Celtic *dīreiyom. Cognate to Old Irish díre.

fine (fee levied as punishment for breaking the law)

De tribus fit dirwy: scilicet, de pugna, furto, treiss.

For three things are there dirwy: namely, for fighting, for theft, for rape. — The Laws of Hywel Dda

(law, historical, specifically) a fine of twelve cows paid to a king for various offenses


rhandir

rhandiroedd (plural)
rhandir (mutation mutation-radical)
randir (mutation mutation-soft)

(historical) a subdivision of the medieval tref comprising 312 erwau


dadannudd

dadanhuddiau (plural)
dadannudd (mutation mutation-radical)
ddadannudd (mutation mutation-soft)
nadannudd (mutation mutation-nasal)

(law, historical) a suit at law seeking to recover a patrimony previously held by an ancestor of the claimant


dawnbwyd

dawnau bwyd (plural)
dawnbwyd (mutation mutation-radical)
ddawnbwyd (mutation mutation-soft)
nawnbwyd (mutation mutation-nasal)

(law, historical) a gift of food owed to the king of a gwlad twice a year by the taeogs of his realm


gwarthal

gwarthalion (plural)
gwarthal (mutation mutation-radical)
warthal (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwarthal (mutation mutation-nasal)

(law, historical) lagniappe, something extra


enllynoedd

enllynoedd (mutation mutation-radical)
henllynoedd (mutation prothesis-h)


gwrda

gwyrda (plural)
gwrda (mutation mutation-radical)
wrda (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwrda (mutation mutation-nasal)


taeogtref

taeogtrefi (plural)
taeogtref (mutation mutation-radical)
daeogtref (mutation mutation-soft)
nhaeogtref (mutation mutation-nasal)
thaeogtref (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh taiauctref; equivalent to taeog (“serf”) + tref (“town, village”).

(law, historical) a tref of serfs, legally comprising three rhandirs and serving as one-seventh of a bond maenor


enllyn gwyn

From enllyn ('food eaten with bread') + gwyn ('white').


teyrn

teyrn m (plural teyrnedd or teyrniaid or teyrnion)

teyrnedd (plural)
teyrniaid (plural)
teyrnion (plural)
teyrn (mutation mutation-radical)
deyrn (mutation mutation-soft)
nheyrn (mutation mutation-nasal)
theyrn (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh teyrn, from Old Welsh *tigern, from Proto-Brythonic *tɨɣern, from Proto-Celtic *tigernos; compare Old Irish tigerna.


prid

cy-adj

prid (feminine singular prid, plural pridion, equative prited, comparative pritach, superlative pritaf)

prid (feminine singular)
pridion (plural)
prited (equative)
pritach (comparative)
pritaf (superlative)

Proto-Celtic *kʷrītos; compare Old Irish críth.


prid

pridiau (plural)
prid (mutation mutation-radical)
brid (mutation mutation-soft)
mhrid (mutation mutation-nasal)
phrid (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(law, historical) price, value, compensation


enllyn

enllynoedd (plural)
enllyn (mutation mutation-radical)
henllyn (mutation prothesis-h)

an- + llyn (“beverage, liquid”). Compare Old Irish annland m (“condiment, savoury, relish accompanying another food, such as butter with bread, etc.”).

cog

(historical) Any food typically eaten with bread, such as cheese or butter


cowyll

cowyllau (plural)
cowyllion (plural)
cowyll (mutation mutation-radical)
gowyll (mutation mutation-soft)
nghowyll (mutation mutation-nasal)
chowyll (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(law, historical) a maiden fee or gift paid at her request by a husband to his wife on the morning following their marriage; morning-gift


gobr

gobrau (plural)
gobron (plural)
gobr (mutation mutation-radical)
obr (mutation mutation-soft)
ngobr (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh gobyr, from a nominal derivative of Proto-Celtic *uɸo-kʷrinati; compare Old Irish fochricc (“reward”).


daered

daeredau (plural)
daered (mutation mutation-radical)
ddaered (mutation mutation-soft)
naered (mutation mutation-nasal)

(law, historical) a fee levied by the medieval Welsh kings upon their taeogs, apparently paid with or in place of their biannual food gifts (dawnbwyd)


gwestai

(law, historical) an entourage of twelve men who accompanied medieval Welsh kings


gwestai

gwestai (mutation mutation-radical)
westai (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwestai (mutation mutation-nasal)

From gwest (“lodging”) + tai (“houses”).


wyneb-werth

wyneb-werthoedd (plural)
wyneb-werth (mutation mutation-radical)
hwyneb-werth (mutation prothesis-h)


dilysdod

dilysdod (mutation mutation-radical)
ddilysdod (mutation mutation-soft)
nilysdod (mutation mutation-nasal)

(historical) certainty, assurance, acquittance

(law, historical) a compensation paid by a rapist to his victim under medieval Welsh law


wynebwerth

wynebwerthoedd (plural)
wynebwerth (mutation mutation-radical)
hwynebwerth (mutation prothesis-h)

From wyneb (“face”) + gwerth (“worth”). In the contemporary sense of "face value", a calque of the English term.

(law, historical) compensation paid by a husband to his wife for certain insults (such as adultery) under medieval Welsh law; it was received thrice before the wife was presumed to have received no insult from a known offender


cyfarwys

cyfarwysau (plural)
cyfarwys (mutation mutation-radical)
gyfarwys (mutation mutation-soft)
nghyfarwys (mutation mutation-nasal)
chyfarwys (mutation mutation-aspirate)


gwas

gweision (plural)
gwas (mutation mutation-radical)
was (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwas (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh gwas, from Old Welsh guas, from Proto-Brythonic *gwass, from Proto-Celtic *uɸostos (“servant”). Compare Breton gwaz.

best man (attendant to the groom at a wedding)


rhaith

rheithiau (plural)
rhaith (mutation mutation-radical)
raith (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh reyth, from Proto-Brythonic *rreiθ, from Proto-Celtic *rextus (“rule, law”).

(law, historical) a right, a legal or moral entitlement

(law, historical) a compurgation, the oaths of character witnesses necessary for defense in some cases under medieval Welsh law


tawlfyrddau

tawlfyrddau (mutation mutation-radical)
dawlfyrddau (mutation mutation-soft)
nhawlfyrddau (mutation mutation-nasal)
thawlfyrddau (mutation mutation-aspirate)


tawlfwrdd

tawlfyrddau (plural)
tawlfwrdd (mutation mutation-radical)
dawlfwrdd (mutation mutation-soft)
nhawlfwrdd (mutation mutation-nasal)
thawlfwrdd (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From tawl (“a throw; interruption”) + bwrdd (“table; board”).

affix

The Welsh Laws
Tawlfwrdd chweugaint a dal ac fal hyn y rhenir: triugaint ar y werin wynion a thriugaint ar y brenin a'i werin.
A throwboard's value is six score pence and is thus proportioned: three score on the white men and three score on the king and his men.

(historical) throwboard, a variant of the game tafl played on an 11×11 board in medieval Wales


tawl

tawl (mutation mutation-radical)
dawl (mutation mutation-soft)
nhawl (mutation mutation-nasal)
thawl (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(literary) third-person singular present indicative/future of tolio


erbyn

From Middle Welsh erbyn, from Proto-Brythonic *ar bɨnn, from Proto-Celtic *ɸare kʷennūi (“in front of the head”). Essentially equivalent to ar + pen, but with the umlaut due to the Proto-Celtic inflection.


erbyn

cy-verb

erbyn (first-person singular present erbynaf)

erbynaf (first-person present singular)
erbyniaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
erbynni (future indicative present second-person singular)
erbyn (future indicative present singular third-person)
erbyniwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
erbyniwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
erbyniant (future indicative plural present third-person)
erbynnir (future impersonal indicative present)
erbyniwn (conditional first-person singular)
erbyniwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
erbynit (conditional second-person singular)
erbynit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
erbyniai (conditional singular third-person)
erbyniai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
erbyniem (conditional first-person plural)
erbyniem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
erbyniech (conditional plural second-person)
erbyniech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
erbynient (conditional plural third-person)
erbynient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
erbynid (conditional impersonal)
erbynid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
erbyniais (first-person preterite singular)
erbyniaist (preterite second-person singular)
erbyniodd (preterite singular third-person)
erbyniasom (first-person plural preterite)
erbyniasoch (plural preterite second-person)
erbyniasant (plural preterite third-person)
erbyniwyd (impersonal preterite)
erbyniaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
erbyniasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
erbyniasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
erbyniasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
erbyniasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
erbyniasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
erbyniasid (impersonal pluperfect)
erbyniesid (impersonal pluperfect)
erbyniwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
erbyniech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
erbynio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
erbyniom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
erbynioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
erbyniont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
erbynier (impersonal present subjunctive)
erbynia (imperative second-person singular)
erbynied (imperative singular third-person)
erbyniwn (first-person imperative plural)
erbyniwch (imperative plural second-person)
erbynient (imperative plural third-person)
erbynier (imperative impersonal)
erbyn (noun-from-verb)


cyfar

cyfarau (plural)
cyfar (mutation mutation-radical)
gyfar (mutation mutation-soft)
nghyfar (mutation mutation-nasal)
chyfar (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(historical) cotillage; land cultivated jointly within a tref or taeogtref


dibaladr

cy-adj

dibaladr (feminine singular dibaladr, plural dibaladr, not comparable)

dibaladr (feminine singular)
dibaladr (plural)
dibaladr (mutation mutation-radical)
ddibaladr (mutation mutation-soft)
nibaladr (mutation mutation-nasal)

From di- (“without”) + paladr (“shaft; spear”).


ceiniog baladr

cy-noun

ceiniog baladr f (plural ceiniogau paladr)

ceiniogau paladr (plural)
ceiniog baladr (mutation mutation-radical)
geiniog baladr (mutation mutation-soft)
ngheiniog baladr (mutation mutation-nasal)
cheiniog baladr (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From ceiniog (“penny”) + paladr (“shaft”; “spear”), from the fact it was payable by male relatives capable of bearing arms.

(law, historical) a spear penny, a fine under medieval Welsh law levied on related male landowners when the immediate kin of a murderer proved incapable of paying galanas


pelydr

pelydrau (plural)
pelydr (mutation mutation-radical)
belydr (mutation mutation-soft)
mhelydr (mutation mutation-nasal)
phelydr (mutation mutation-aspirate)


paladr

pelydr (plural)
paladr (mutation mutation-radical)
baladr (mutation mutation-soft)
mhaladr (mutation mutation-nasal)
phaladr (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Celtic *kʷalatros (compare Old Irish celtair (“spear, spear tip”)).

ceiniog baladr

a fine under medieval Welsh law levied on related male landowners when the immediate kin of a murderer proved incapable of paying galanas; spear penny

(literary) stem (of plant, flower, fruit, etc.)


casao

casao (mutation mutation-radical)
gasao (mutation mutation-soft)
nghasao (mutation mutation-nasal)
chasao (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(literary) third-person singular present subjunctive of casáu


casáu

cy-verb

casáu (first-person singular present casâf)

casâf (first-person present singular)
casâf (first-person future indicative present singular)
casei (future indicative present second-person singular)
casâ (future indicative present singular third-person)
casawn (first-person future indicative plural present)
casewch (future indicative plural present second-person)
casânt (future indicative plural present third-person)
caseir (future impersonal indicative present)
casawn (conditional first-person singular)
casawn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
casait (conditional second-person singular)
casait (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
casâi (conditional singular third-person)
casâi (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
casaem (conditional first-person plural)
casaem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
casaech (conditional plural second-person)
casaech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
casaent (conditional plural third-person)
casaent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
caseid (conditional impersonal)
caseid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
caseais (first-person preterite singular)
caseaist (preterite second-person singular)
casaodd (preterite singular third-person)
casasom (first-person plural preterite)
casasoch (plural preterite second-person)
casasant (plural preterite third-person)
casawyd (impersonal preterite)
casaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
casasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
casasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
casasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
casasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
casasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
casasid (impersonal pluperfect)
casesid (impersonal pluperfect)
casawyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
caseych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
casao (present singular subjunctive third-person)
casaom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
casaoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
casaont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
casaer (impersonal present subjunctive)
casâ (imperative second-person singular)
casaed (imperative singular third-person)
casawn (first-person imperative plural)
casewch (imperative plural second-person)
casaent (imperative plural third-person)
casaer (imperative impersonal)
casáu (noun-from-verb)
casedig (participle)
casadwy (participle)
casâ i (first-person future singular)
casai di (future second-person singular)
casaith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
casaiff e (future singular third-person)
casawn ni (first-person future plural)
casawch chi (future plural second-person)
casân nhw (future plural third-person)
casawn i (conditional first-person singular)
casaswn i (conditional first-person singular)
casaet ti (conditional second-person singular)
casaset ti (conditional second-person singular)
casâi fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
casasai fo (conditional singular third-person)
casaen ni (conditional first-person plural)
casasen ni (conditional first-person plural)
casaech chi (conditional plural second-person)
casasech chi (conditional plural second-person)
casaen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
casasen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
casaes i (first-person preterite singular)
casaest ti (preterite second-person singular)
casaodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
casaon ni (first-person plural preterite)
casaoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
casaon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
casâ (imperative second-person singular)
casawch (imperative plural second-person)
casáu (mutation mutation-radical)
gasáu (mutation mutation-soft)
nghasáu (mutation mutation-nasal)
chasáu (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From cas (“bitterness, hatred, enmity”) + -áu.


yngon

yngon (mutation mutation-radical)
hyngon (mutation prothesis-h)


llysoedd

llysoedd (mutation mutation-radical)
lysoedd (mutation mutation-soft)


twnc

(historical) a chief rent, particularly within a feudal context


pynciau

pynciau (mutation mutation-radical)
bynciau (mutation mutation-soft)
mhynciau (mutation mutation-nasal)
phynciau (mutation mutation-aspirate)


rhwnc

rhwncod (plural)
rhwnc (mutation mutation-radical)
rwnc (mutation mutation-soft)


ymwnc

cy-adj

ymwnc (feminine singular ymwnc, plural ymwnc, not comparable)

ymwnc (feminine singular)
ymwnc (plural)
ymwnc (mutation mutation-radical)
hymwnc (mutation prothesis-h)


wnco

wnco (mutation mutation-radical)
hwnco (mutation prothesis-h)


llwnc

From llyncu (“to swallow”), from Proto-Celtic *slunk-.

(North Wales)

llynciad


llwnc

llwnc (mutation mutation-radical)
lwnc (mutation mutation-soft)

(literary) third-person singular present indicative/future of llyncu


pwnc

pynciau (plural)
pwnc (mutation mutation-radical)
bwnc (mutation mutation-soft)
mhwnc (mutation mutation-nasal)
phwnc (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh pwnc, borrowed from Latin pūnctum. Doublet of pwynt.

subject, topic, matter, point of discussion

Ei hoff bwnc yw Mathemateg.

(religion) Bible passage recited by church congregation for catechetical purposes


wnc

From Middle Welsh wnc (“near, nigh”), from Proto-Brythonic *unk, from Proto-Celtic *onkus (“near”) (whence Old Irish oc (“at”)).


wnc

wnc (mutation mutation-radical)
hwnc (mutation prothesis-h)


wng

From Middle Welsh wg (“near, nigh”), alternative form of wnc, from Proto-Brythonic *unk, from Proto-Celtic *onkos (“near”) (whence Old Irish oc (“at”)).


wng

wng (mutation mutation-radical)
hwng (mutation prothesis-h)


gorfodog

gorfodog (feminine singular gorfodog, plural gorfodogion, equative mor orfodog, comparative mwy gorfodog, superlative mwyaf gorfodog)

gorfodog (feminine singular)
gorfodogion (plural)
mor orfodog (equative)
mwy gorfodog (comparative)
mwyaf gorfodog (superlative)

/ɡɔrˈvoːdɔɡ/

From Middle Welsh gorvodawc. Synchronically analysable as gorfod (“victory, triumph”) + -og.


gorfodog

gorfodogion (plural)
gorfodog (mutation mutation-radical)
orfodog (mutation mutation-soft)
ngorfodog (mutation mutation-nasal)

/ɡɔrˈvoːdɔɡ/

(law, historical) bond, surety paid for one accused of a crime under medieval Welsh law

bondsman, person acting as surety under medieval Welsh law


theatr

cy-noun

theatr m or f (plural theatrau or theatraid, not mutable)

Borrowed from English theatre, from Middle English theater, theatre, from Old French theatre, from Latin theatrum, from Ancient Greek θέατρον (théatron, “a place for viewing”), from θεάομαι (theáomai, “to see, watch, observe”).


bwced

bwcedi (plural)
bwced (mutation mutation-radical)
fwced (mutation mutation-soft)
mwced (mutation mutation-nasal)


hawl

Of unknown origin. Cognate with Breton heul (“to follow, go after”).

Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to follow”)


hawl

(literary) third-person singular present indicative/future of holi


grug

head

grug m or m pl (plural grugoedd, singulative grugyn or grugen)

grugoedd (plural)
grugyn (singulative)
grugen (singulative)
grug (mutation mutation-radical)
rug (mutation mutation-soft)
ngrug (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh gwrug, from Proto-Brythonic *gwrʉg, from Proto-Celtic *wroikos, from an unknown non-Indo-European source.
Compare Czech vřes, Latvian vìrsis, Ancient Greek ἐρείκη (ereíkē).


grug

crug (mutation mutation-radical)
grug (mutation mutation-soft)
nghrug (mutation mutation-nasal)
chrug (mutation mutation-aspirate)


mentr

mentr (mutation mutation-radical)
fentr (mutation mutation-soft)


ladron

lladron (mutation mutation-radical)
ladron (mutation mutation-soft)


sgiwen

cy-noun

sgiwen f (plural sgiwennod, not mutable)

Borrowed from English skua, from Faroese skúgvur (“great skua”), from Old Norse skúfr.


cwtiar

cwtieir (plural)
cwtiar (mutation mutation-radical)
gwtiar (mutation mutation-soft)
nghwtiar (mutation mutation-nasal)
chwtiar (mutation mutation-aspirate)

coot, moorhen, water rail (aquatic bird of the genus Fulica)


rhegen

rhegennod (plural)
rhegen (mutation mutation-radical)
regen (mutation mutation-soft)

Possibly related to the verb rhegen (“to mutter, make a monotonous sound”), itself possibly from rheg (“swear word, curse”).


gwyach

gwyachod (plural)
gwyach (mutation mutation-radical)
wyach (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwyach (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh gwyach, from Proto-Celtic *wessakos. Cognate with Irish fiach (“raven”).


carfil

Borrowed from Middle English caruyll, caruile, carvile (“carvel”, a kind of light ship).


carfil

From car (“vehicle, car, sled, dray”) + mil (“animal, beast, creature”).

affix

working beast, dray horse, clumsy animal, monster


carfil

carfilod (plural)
carfil (mutation mutation-radical)
garfil (mutation mutation-soft)
ngharfil (mutation mutation-nasal)
charfil (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Unknown, but the second element is probably English bill (“beak”).


gwyrda

gwyrda (mutation mutation-radical)
wyrda (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwyrda (mutation mutation-nasal)


anodd

cy-adj

anodd (feminine singular anodd, plural anodd, equative anodd or anhawsed, comparative anoddach or anhaws or anos, superlative anoddaf or anhawsaf)

anodd (feminine singular)
anodd (plural)
anodd (equative)
anhawsed (equative)
anoddach (comparative)
anhaws (comparative)
anos (comparative)
anoddaf (superlative)
anhawsaf (superlative)
anodd (mutation mutation-radical)
hanodd (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh anhawð. By surface analysis, an- (“not”) + hawdd (“easy”).


dda

da (mutation mutation-radical)
dda (mutation mutation-soft)


cynnud

cynnud (mutation mutation-radical)
gynnud (mutation mutation-soft)
nghynnud (mutation mutation-nasal)
chynnud (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Celtic *kom-dau-to- (compare Breton keuneud, Cornish kunys), deverbative of *kom-dauyeti (“to kindle”) (modern cynnau). More at cynnau.


tewyn

tewynion (plural)
tewyn (mutation mutation-radical)
dewyn (mutation mutation-soft)
nhewyn (mutation mutation-nasal)
thewyn (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Aphetic form of older etewyn, from Proto-Celtic *ati-dawinos (compare Breton etev, Cornish yttew), from *dawyo- (“to kindle, burn”) (modern deifio). More at deifio.


cynnau

cy-verb

cynnau (first-person singular present cyneuaf)

cyneuaf (first-person present singular)
cyneuaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
cyneui (future indicative present second-person singular)
cynnau (future indicative present singular third-person)
cyneua (future indicative present singular third-person)
cyneuwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
cyneuwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
cyneuant (future indicative plural present third-person)
cyneuir (future impersonal indicative present)
cyneuwn (conditional first-person singular)
cyneuwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
cyneuit (conditional second-person singular)
cyneuit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
cyneuai (conditional singular third-person)
cyneuai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
cyneuem (conditional first-person plural)
cyneuem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
cyneuech (conditional plural second-person)
cyneuech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
cyneuent (conditional plural third-person)
cyneuent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
cyneuid (conditional impersonal)
cyneuid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
cyneuais (first-person preterite singular)
cyneuaist (preterite second-person singular)
cyneuodd (preterite singular third-person)
cyneuasom (first-person plural preterite)
cyneuasoch (plural preterite second-person)
cyneuasant (plural preterite third-person)
cyneuwyd (impersonal preterite)
cyneuaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
cyneuasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
cyneuasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
cyneuasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
cyneuasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
cyneuasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
cyneuasid (impersonal pluperfect)
cyneuesid (impersonal pluperfect)
cyneuwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cyneuych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cyneuo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
cyneuom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
cyneuoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cyneuont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
cyneuer (impersonal present subjunctive)
cyneua (imperative second-person singular)
cyneued (imperative singular third-person)
cyneuwn (first-person imperative plural)
cyneuwch (imperative plural second-person)
cyneuent (imperative plural third-person)
cyneuer (imperative impersonal)
cynnau (noun-from-verb)
cyneuedig (participle)
cyneua i (first-person future singular)
cyneuaf i (first-person future singular)
cyneui di (future second-person singular)
cyneuith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
cyneuiff e (future singular third-person)
cyneuwn ni (first-person future plural)
cyneuwch chi (future plural second-person)
cyneuan nhw (future plural third-person)
cyneuwn i (conditional first-person singular)
cyneuswn i (conditional first-person singular)
cyneuet ti (conditional second-person singular)
cyneuset ti (conditional second-person singular)
cyneuai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
cyneusai fo (conditional singular third-person)
cyneuen ni (conditional first-person plural)
cyneusen ni (conditional first-person plural)
cyneuech chi (conditional plural second-person)
cyneusech chi (conditional plural second-person)
cyneuen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
cyneusen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
cyneuais i (first-person preterite singular)
cyneues i (first-person preterite singular)
cyneuaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
cyneuest ti (preterite second-person singular)
cyneuodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
cyneuon ni (first-person plural preterite)
cyneuoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
cyneuon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
cyneua (imperative second-person singular)
cyneuwch (imperative plural second-person)
cynnau (mutation mutation-radical)
gynnau (mutation mutation-soft)
nghynnau (mutation mutation-nasal)
chynnau (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Celtic *kom-dawyo-, prefixed from *dawyo- (“to kindle, burn”) (modern deifio). More at deifio.


dôr

dorau (plural)
dôr (mutation mutation-radical)
ddôr (mutation mutation-soft)
nôr (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh dor, from Old Welsh dor, from Proto-Brythonic *dor (compare Breton dor), from Proto-Celtic *dwār, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwṓr.


deifio

deifio (first-person singular present deifiaf)

deifiaf (first-person present singular)
deifiaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
deifi (future indicative present second-person singular)
daif (future indicative present singular third-person)
deifia (future indicative present singular third-person)
deifiwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
deifiwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
deifiant (future indicative plural present third-person)
deifir (future impersonal indicative present)
deifiwn (conditional first-person singular)
deifiwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
deifit (conditional second-person singular)
deifit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
deifiai (conditional singular third-person)
deifiai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
deifiem (conditional first-person plural)
deifiem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
deifiech (conditional plural second-person)
deifiech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
deifient (conditional plural third-person)
deifient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
deifid (conditional impersonal)
deifid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
deifiais (first-person preterite singular)
deifiaist (preterite second-person singular)
deifiodd (preterite singular third-person)
deifiasom (first-person plural preterite)
deifiasoch (plural preterite second-person)
deifiasant (plural preterite third-person)
deifiwyd (impersonal preterite)
deifiaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
deifiasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
deifiasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
deifiasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
deifiasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
deifiasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
deifiasid (impersonal pluperfect)
deifiesid (impersonal pluperfect)
deifiwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
deifiech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
deifio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
deifiom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
deifioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
deifiont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
deifier (impersonal present subjunctive)
daif (imperative second-person singular)
deifia (imperative second-person singular)
deified (imperative singular third-person)
deifiwn (first-person imperative plural)
deifiwch (imperative plural second-person)
deifient (imperative plural third-person)
deifier (imperative impersonal)
deifio (noun-from-verb)
deifiedig (participle)
deifiadwy (participle)
deifia i (first-person future singular)
deifiaf i (first-person future singular)
deifi di (future second-person singular)
deifith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
deififf e (future singular third-person)
deifiwn ni (first-person future plural)
deifiwch chi (future plural second-person)
deifian nhw (future plural third-person)
deifiwn i (conditional first-person singular)
deifswn i (conditional first-person singular)
deifiet ti (conditional second-person singular)
deifset ti (conditional second-person singular)
deifiai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
deifsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
deifien ni (conditional first-person plural)
deifsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
deifiech chi (conditional plural second-person)
deifsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
deifien nhw (conditional plural third-person)
deifsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
deifiais i (first-person preterite singular)
deifies i (first-person preterite singular)
deifiaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
deifiest ti (preterite second-person singular)
deifiodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
deifion ni (first-person plural preterite)
deifioch chi (plural preterite second-person)
deifion nhw (plural preterite third-person)
deifia (imperative second-person singular)
deifiwch (imperative plural second-person)

From Middle Welsh deifyaw, from Proto-Brythonic *dėβjɨd (compare Cornish dewi, Breton deviñ) for which Matasović provides two etymologies:
# from Proto-Celtic *dauyeti, from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂w- (“kindle, burn”) (compare Tocharian A twās, Ancient Greek δαίω (daíō))
# from Proto-Celtic *degʷyeti, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰegʷʰ- (“to burn”)
By surface analysis, daif + -io.


deifio

deifiaf (first-person present singular)
deifio (mutation mutation-radical)
ddeifio (mutation mutation-soft)
neifio (mutation mutation-nasal)


lars

cy-noun

lars f (collective, singulative lartsen or lartsien, not mutable)

lartsen (singulative)
lartsien (singulative)

Alternative form of larts (“larch trees”)


gefel

gefeiliau (plural)
gefel (mutation mutation-radical)
efel (mutation mutation-soft)
ngefel (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Celtic *gabali (compare Cornish/Breton gevel), from *gabalā (“fork”); compare Old Irish gabul and Old English gafol (“fork”). More at gafael.


gafael

cy-verb

gafael (first-person singular present gafaelaf)

gafaelaf (first-person present singular)
gafaelaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
gafaeli (future indicative present second-person singular)
gafael (future indicative present singular third-person)
gafaela (future indicative present singular third-person)
gafaelwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
gafaelwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
gafaelant (future indicative plural present third-person)
gafaelir (future impersonal indicative present)
gafaelwn (conditional first-person singular)
gafaelwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
gafaelit (conditional second-person singular)
gafaelit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
gafaelai (conditional singular third-person)
gafaelai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
gafaelem (conditional first-person plural)
gafaelem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
gafaelech (conditional plural second-person)
gafaelech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
gafaelent (conditional plural third-person)
gafaelent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
gafaelid (conditional impersonal)
gafaelid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
gafaelais (first-person preterite singular)
gafaelaist (preterite second-person singular)
gafaelodd (preterite singular third-person)
gafaelasom (first-person plural preterite)
gafaelasoch (plural preterite second-person)
gafaelasant (plural preterite third-person)
gafaelwyd (impersonal preterite)
gafaelaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
gafaelasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
gafaelasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
gafaelasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
gafaelasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
gafaelasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
gafaelasid (impersonal pluperfect)
gafaelesid (impersonal pluperfect)
gafaelwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
gafaelych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
gafaelo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
gafaelom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
gafaeloch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
gafaelont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
gafaeler (impersonal present subjunctive)
gafael (imperative second-person singular)
gafaeled (imperative singular third-person)
gafaelwn (first-person imperative plural)
gafaelwch (imperative plural second-person)
gafaelent (imperative plural third-person)
gafaeler (imperative impersonal)
gafael (noun-from-verb)
gafaeledig (participle)
gafaeladwy (participle)
gafaela i (first-person future singular)
gafaelaf i (first-person future singular)
gafaeli di (future second-person singular)
gafaelith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
gafaeliff e (future singular third-person)
gafaelwn ni (first-person future plural)
gafaelwch chi (future plural second-person)
gafaelan nhw (future plural third-person)
gafaelwn i (conditional first-person singular)
gafaelswn i (conditional first-person singular)
gafaelet ti (conditional second-person singular)
gafaelset ti (conditional second-person singular)
gafaelai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
gafaelsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
gafaelen ni (conditional first-person plural)
gafaelsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
gafaelech chi (conditional plural second-person)
gafaelsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
gafaelen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
gafaelsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
gafaelais i (first-person preterite singular)
gafaeles i (first-person preterite singular)
gafaelaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
gafaelest ti (preterite second-person singular)
gafaelodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
gafaelon ni (first-person plural preterite)
gafaeloch chi (plural preterite second-person)
gafaelon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
gafaela (imperative second-person singular)
gafaelwch (imperative plural second-person)
gafael (mutation mutation-radical)
afael (mutation mutation-soft)
ngafael (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh gauael, from Proto-Brythonic *gaβaɨl, from Proto-Celtic *gabaglā (compare Cornish gavel, Old Breton gabael, Old Irish gabál), verbal noun of *gabyeti (“to take, hold”) (compare Old Irish gaibid), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰh₁bʰ- (compare Latin habeō, German geben).


aidd

cy-noun

aidd m (usually uncountable, plural eiddion or eiddiau)

eiddion (plural)
eiddiau (plural)
aidd (mutation mutation-radical)
haidd (mutation prothesis-h)


caem

caem (mutation mutation-radical)
gaem (mutation mutation-soft)
nghaem (mutation mutation-nasal)
chaem (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(literary) first-person plural imperfect indicative/imperfect subjunctive/conditional of cael


aelwyd

aelwydydd (plural)
aelwyd (mutation mutation-radical)
haelwyd (mutation prothesis-h)

Borrowed from Old English ǣled (whence also Cornish oles, Breton oaled), from Proto-Germanic *ailidaz.


gerir

cerir (mutation mutation-radical)
gerir (mutation mutation-soft)
ngherir (mutation mutation-nasal)
cherir (mutation mutation-aspirate)


cansai

cansai (mutation mutation-radical)
gansai (mutation mutation-soft)
nghansai (mutation mutation-nasal)
chansai (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(colloquiallternative form of, cy, canai)


Tegwen

From teg (“fair”) + gwen (“blessed”) in the 19th century.


ias

iasau (plural)
ias (mutation mutation-radical)
hias (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?] from Proto-Celtic *yestus (“boiling”). Cognate with Old Irish ess (“cataract, rapid”) and English yeast.


adawed

gadawed (mutation mutation-radical)
adawed (mutation mutation-soft)
ngadawed (mutation mutation-nasal)


-w

Megan + -w → Begw

Ann + -w → Nanw

Siân + -w → Sianw


pentis

pentisau (plural)
pentis (mutation mutation-radical)
bentis (mutation mutation-soft)
mhentis (mutation mutation-nasal)
phentis (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowing of Middle English pentis, from Old French apentis.


Dd

The sixth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called èdd and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by D and followed by E.


anafai

anafai (mutation mutation-radical)
hanafai (mutation prothesis-h)

third-person singular conditional colloquial of anafu


anafa

anafa (mutation mutation-radical)
hanafa (mutation prothesis-h)

inflection of anafu:
first-person singular future colloquial

second-person singular imperative colloquial


anafes

first-person singular preterite colloquial of anafu


cofiais

cofiais (mutation mutation-radical)
gofiais (mutation mutation-soft)
nghofiais (mutation mutation-nasal)
chofiais (mutation mutation-aspirate)

first-person singular preterite of cofio


cofiem

cofiem (mutation mutation-radical)
gofiem (mutation mutation-soft)
nghofiem (mutation mutation-nasal)
chofiem (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(literary) first-person plural imperfect/conditional of cofio


cofiai

cofiai (mutation mutation-radical)
gofiai (mutation mutation-soft)
nghofiai (mutation mutation-nasal)
chofiai (mutation mutation-aspirate)

third-person singular imperfect/conditional of cofio


siei

cy-adj

siei (feminine singular siei, plural siei, equative mor siei, comparative mwy siei, superlative mwyaf siei, not mutable)

siei (feminine singular)
siei (plural)
mor siei (equative)
mwy siei (comparative)
mwyaf siei (superlative)

From English shy. Doublet of sgeifio (“to skive”)

Mae'n un bach siei.


dowd

dowd (mutation mutation-radical)
ddowd (mutation mutation-soft)
nowd (mutation mutation-nasal)


ll.

Abbreviation of llinell(au) (“line(s)”).


dâ

dâ (mutation mutation-radical)
ddâ (mutation mutation-soft)
nâ (mutation mutation-nasal)


delais

telais (mutation mutation-radical)
delais (mutation mutation-soft)
nhelais (mutation mutation-nasal)
thelais (mutation mutation-aspirate)


delem

delem (mutation mutation-radical)
ddelem (mutation mutation-soft)
nelem (mutation mutation-nasal)

(literary) first-person plural imperfect subjunctive of dod


clyw

From Proto-Celtic *klowos, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱléwos.


clyw

clyw (mutation mutation-radical)
glyw (mutation mutation-soft)
nghlyw (mutation mutation-nasal)
chlyw (mutation mutation-aspirate)

third-person singular present/future of clywed

second-person singular imperative of clywed


bwyta

cy-verb

bwyta (first-person singular present bwytâf)

bwytâf (first-person present singular)
bwytâf (first-person future indicative present singular)
bwytei (future indicative present second-person singular)
bwyty (future indicative present singular third-person)
bwytawn (first-person future indicative plural present)
bwytewch (future indicative plural present second-person)
bwytânt (future indicative plural present third-person)
bwyteir (future impersonal indicative present)
bwytawn (conditional first-person singular)
bwytawn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
bwytait (conditional second-person singular)
bwytait (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
bwytâi (conditional singular third-person)
bwytâi (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
bwytaem (conditional first-person plural)
bwytaem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
bwytaech (conditional plural second-person)
bwytaech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
bwytaent (conditional plural third-person)
bwytaent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
bwyteid (conditional impersonal)
bwyteid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
bwyteais (first-person preterite singular)
bwyteaist (preterite second-person singular)
bwytaodd (preterite singular third-person)
bwytasom (first-person plural preterite)
bwytasoch (plural preterite second-person)
bwytasant (plural preterite third-person)
bwytawyd (impersonal preterite)
bwytaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
bwytasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
bwytasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
bwytasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
bwytasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
bwytasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
bwytasid (impersonal pluperfect)
bwytesid (impersonal pluperfect)
bwytawyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bwyteych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bwytao (present singular subjunctive third-person)
bwytaom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
bwytaoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
bwytaont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
bwytaer (impersonal present subjunctive)
bwytâ (imperative second-person singular)
bwytaed (imperative singular third-person)
bwytawn (first-person imperative plural)
bwytewch (imperative plural second-person)
bwytaent (imperative plural third-person)
bwytaer (imperative impersonal)
bwyta (noun-from-verb)
bwytaedig (participle)
bwytaëdig (participle)
bwytadwy (participle)
bwyta i (first-person future singular)
bwytaf i (first-person future singular)
bwyti di (future second-person singular)
bwytith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
bwytiff e (future singular third-person)
bwytwn ni (first-person future plural)
bwytwch chi (future plural second-person)
bwytan nhw (future plural third-person)
bwytwn i (conditional first-person singular)
bwytswn i (conditional first-person singular)
bwytet ti (conditional second-person singular)
bwytset ti (conditional second-person singular)
bwytai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
bwytsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
bwyten ni (conditional first-person plural)
bwytsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
bwytech chi (conditional plural second-person)
bwytsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
bwyten nhw (conditional plural third-person)
bwytsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
bwytais i (first-person preterite singular)
bwytes i (first-person preterite singular)
bwytaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
bwytest ti (preterite second-person singular)
bwytodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
bwyton ni (first-person plural preterite)
bwytoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
bwyton nhw (plural preterite third-person)
bwyta (imperative second-person singular)
bwytwch (imperative plural second-person)
bwyta (mutation mutation-radical)
fwyta (mutation mutation-soft)
mwyta (mutation mutation-nasal)


clywed

clywed (first-person singular present clywaf)

clywaf (first-person present singular)
clywaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
clywi (future indicative present second-person singular)
clyw (future indicative present singular third-person)
clywn (first-person future indicative plural present)
clywch (future indicative plural present second-person)
clywant (future indicative plural present third-person)
clywir (future impersonal indicative present)
clywn (conditional first-person singular)
clywn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
clywit (conditional second-person singular)
clywit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
clywai (conditional singular third-person)
clywai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
clywem (conditional first-person plural)
clywem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
clywech (conditional plural second-person)
clywech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
clywent (conditional plural third-person)
clywent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
clywid (conditional impersonal)
clywid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
clywais (first-person preterite singular)
clywaist (preterite second-person singular)
clywodd (preterite singular third-person)
clywsom (first-person plural preterite)
clywsoch (plural preterite second-person)
clywsant (plural preterite third-person)
clywyd (impersonal preterite)
clywswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
clywsit (pluperfect second-person singular)
clywsai (pluperfect singular third-person)
clywsem (first-person pluperfect plural)
clywsech (pluperfect plural second-person)
clywsent (pluperfect plural third-person)
clywsid (impersonal pluperfect)
clywyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
clywech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
clywo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
clywom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
clywoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
clywont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
clywer (impersonal present subjunctive)
clyw (imperative second-person singular)
clywed (imperative singular third-person)
clywn (first-person imperative plural)
clywch (imperative plural second-person)
clywent (imperative plural third-person)
clywer (imperative impersonal)
clywed (noun-from-verb)
clywedig (participle)
clywadwy (participle)
clywa i (first-person future singular)
clywaf i (first-person future singular)
clywi di (future second-person singular)
clywith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
clywiff e (future singular third-person)
clywn ni (first-person future plural)
clywch chi (future plural second-person)
clywan nhw (future plural third-person)
clywn i (conditional first-person singular)
clywswn i (conditional first-person singular)
clywet ti (conditional second-person singular)
clywset ti (conditional second-person singular)
clywai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
clywsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
clywen ni (conditional first-person plural)
clywsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
clywech chi (conditional plural second-person)
clywsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
clywen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
clywsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
clywais i (first-person preterite singular)
clywes i (first-person preterite singular)
clywaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
clywest ti (preterite second-person singular)
clywodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
clywon ni (first-person plural preterite)
clywoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
clywon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
clywa (imperative second-person singular)
clywch (imperative plural second-person)

From Middle Welsh clywet, from Proto-Brythonic *klüwid, from Proto-Celtic *klusīti, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew-.

(dialect) to identify or receive impressions through the senses (excluding sight)


clywed

clywed (mutation mutation-radical)
glywed (mutation mutation-soft)
nghlywed (mutation mutation-nasal)
chlywed (mutation mutation-aspirate)

hearing; the ability to hear; the act of hearing; reaching ear


ny-

dy- (mutation mutation-radical)
ddy- (mutation mutation-soft)
ny- (mutation mutation-nasal)


dalu

talu (mutation mutation-radical)
dalu (mutation mutation-soft)
nhalu (mutation mutation-nasal)
thalu (mutation mutation-aspirate)


cenna

cenna (first-person singular present cennaf)

cennaf (first-person present singular)
cennaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
cenni (future indicative present second-person singular)
cenna (future indicative present singular third-person)
cennwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
cennwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
cennant (future indicative plural present third-person)
cennir (future impersonal indicative present)
cennwn (conditional first-person singular)
cennwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
cennit (conditional second-person singular)
cennit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
cennai (conditional singular third-person)
cennai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
cennem (conditional first-person plural)
cennem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
cennech (conditional plural second-person)
cennech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
cennent (conditional plural third-person)
cennent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
cennid (conditional impersonal)
cennid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
cennais (first-person preterite singular)
cennaist (preterite second-person singular)
cennodd (preterite singular third-person)
cenasom (first-person plural preterite)
cenasoch (plural preterite second-person)
cenasant (plural preterite third-person)
cennwyd (impersonal preterite)
cenaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
cenasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
cenasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
cenasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
cenasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
cenasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
cenasid (impersonal pluperfect)
cenesid (impersonal pluperfect)
cennwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cennych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cenno (present singular subjunctive third-person)
cennom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
cennoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cennont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
cenner (impersonal present subjunctive)
cenna (imperative second-person singular)
cenned (imperative singular third-person)
cennwn (first-person imperative plural)
cennwch (imperative plural second-person)
cennent (imperative plural third-person)
cenner (imperative impersonal)
cenna (noun-from-verb)
cenedig (participle)
cenadwy (participle)
cenna i (first-person future singular)
cennaf i (first-person future singular)
cenni di (future second-person singular)
cennith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
cenniff e (future singular third-person)
cennwn ni (first-person future plural)
cennwch chi (future plural second-person)
cennan nhw (future plural third-person)
cennwn i (conditional first-person singular)
censwn i (conditional first-person singular)
cennet ti (conditional second-person singular)
censet ti (conditional second-person singular)
cennai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
censai fo (conditional singular third-person)
cennen ni (conditional first-person plural)
censen ni (conditional first-person plural)
cennech chi (conditional plural second-person)
censech chi (conditional plural second-person)
cennen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
censen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
cennais i (first-person preterite singular)
cennes i (first-person preterite singular)
cennaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
cennest ti (preterite second-person singular)
cennodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
cennon ni (first-person plural preterite)
cennoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
cennon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
cenna (imperative second-person singular)
cennwch (imperative plural second-person)
cenna (mutation mutation-radical)
genna (mutation mutation-soft)
nghenna (mutation mutation-nasal)
chenna (mutation mutation-aspirate)


huddygl

From Britanno-Latin hybrid *sūdikul (compare Cornish hudhygel, Breton huzel), from Proto-Celtic *sūdyā (compare Old Irish suide), from Proto-Indo-European *suh₃d-, metathesis of *sh₃ud- (compare English soot).

[ˈhɨ̞ðɨ̞ɡl̩]


huddygl

cy-noun

huddygl f (collective, singulative huddyglen, not mutable)

[ˈhɨ̞ðɨ̞ɡl̩]

Alternative form of rhuddygl (“radishes”)


Ceredigion

From Ceredig ap Cunedda, 5th-century king.


llam

llamau (plural)
llam (mutation mutation-radical)
lam (mutation mutation-soft)

Middle Welsh llam, cognate with Irish léim (“to bound, jump, leap”), perhaps ultimately from Proto-Celtic *lanxsman (“jump”); or possibly, from a pre-Celtic substrate cognate with Cornish lamm (“leap, jump, bound”), ultimately related to the stock root of lamb.


Twitter

Twitter (mutation mutation-radical)
Dwitter (mutation mutation-soft)
Nhwitter (mutation mutation-nasal)
Thwitter (mutation mutation-aspirate)


Ceri

Ceri (mutation mutation-radical)
Geri (mutation mutation-soft)
Ngheri (mutation mutation-nasal)
Cheri (mutation mutation-aspirate)


rhisglyn

rhisglyn (mutation mutation-radical)
risglyn (mutation mutation-soft)


Chroatia

Croatia (mutation mutation-radical)
Groatia (mutation mutation-soft)
Nghroatia (mutation mutation-nasal)
Chroatia (mutation mutation-aspirate)


pabi

pabïau (plural)
pabi (mutation mutation-radical)
babi (mutation mutation-soft)
mhabi (mutation mutation-nasal)
phabi (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from Middle English papy, popy, ultimately from Latin papāver.

poppy (flowering plant of genus Papaver or Meconopsis)


bendigedig

cy-adj

bendigedig (feminine singular bendigedig, plural bendigedigion, equative mor fendigedig, comparative mwy bendigedig, superlative mwyaf bendigedig)

bendigedig (feminine singular)
bendigedigion (plural)
mor fendigedig (equative)
mwy bendigedig (comparative)
mwyaf bendigedig (superlative)
bendigedig (mutation mutation-radical)
fendigedig (mutation mutation-soft)
mendigedig (mutation mutation-nasal)

/ˌbɛndɪˈɡɛdɪɡ/

/ˌbɛndɪˈɡeːdɪɡ/

/ˌbɛndɪˈɡɛdɪɡ/

Hwy a gymmerasant geingciau o’r palmwŷdd, ac a aethant allan i gyfarfod ag ef, ac a lefasant, Hosanna, *bendigedic yw 'r neb sydd yn dyfod yn enw yr Arglwydd, yn Frenin ar Israel.

They took branches of palm trees, and went forth to meet him, and cried, Hosanna: Blessed is the King of Israel that cometh in the name of the Lord.

A gymmerasant gangau o’r palmwydd, ac a aethant allan i gyfarfod âg ef, ac a lefasant, Hosanna: Bendigedig yw Brenhin Israel, yr hwn sydd yn dyfod yn enw yr Arglwydd.

1588-1620, “Sant Ioan 12:13”, in William Morgan, transl., edited by William Parry and John Davies, Mallwyd, Y Bibl Cyssegr-Lan, sef yr Hen Destament a’r Newydd^(https://cy.wikisource.org/wiki/Beibl_(1620)/Sant_Ioan); republished London, 1804:

[they] took branches of palm trees, and went forth to meet him, and cried, Hosanna: Blessed is the King of Israel that cometh in the name of the Lord.

Roedd y gwanwyn mor fendigedig ac mi roddodd gyfle i ni sylwi ar y gwanwyn go iawn a pan dwi'n edrych yn ôl, roedd o fel dyddiau euraidd - bod adra bob dydd trwy'r dydd, a dod i nabod yr ardal a'r cymdogion a gallu stopio a rhoi amser i bobl.

The spring was so lovely here and it provided the opportunity for us to really notice spring and when I look back, they were halcyon days - being home all day every day, and getting to know the area and the neighbours and being able to stop and give time to people.


hoedi

oedi (mutation mutation-radical)
hoedi (mutation prothesis-h)


garchar

carchar (mutation mutation-radical)
garchar (mutation mutation-soft)
ngharchar (mutation mutation-nasal)
charchar (mutation mutation-aspirate)


barti

parti (mutation mutation-radical)
barti (mutation mutation-soft)
mharti (mutation mutation-nasal)
pharti (mutation mutation-aspirate)


malwod

cy-noun

malwod f (collective, singulative malwoden or malwen)

malwoden (singulative)
malwen (singulative)
malwod (mutation mutation-radical)
falwod (mutation mutation-soft)

From Old Welsh meluet, from Proto-Brythonic *melw- (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *meldo- (“pleasant, mild”), *mlido (“soft”), from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥dus (“soft, weak”).
Compare Breton melc'hwed, Cornish melhwes, (compare Breton melw (“snot”)). Also see Gaulish *multon- (“sheep”), which could be related.

cysgu yn llety’r falwoden

to sleep by an outside wall; to sleep in the snail's lodgings


moronen

moronen (mutation mutation-radical)
foronen (mutation mutation-soft)


galed

caled (mutation mutation-radical)
galed (mutation mutation-soft)
nghaled (mutation mutation-nasal)
chaled (mutation mutation-aspirate)


llyfu

cy-verb

llyfu (first-person singular present llyfaf)

llyfaf (first-person present singular)
llyfaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
llyfi (future indicative present second-person singular)
llyf (future indicative present singular third-person)
llyfa (future indicative present singular third-person)
llyfwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
llyfwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
llyfant (future indicative plural present third-person)
llyfir (future impersonal indicative present)
llyfwn (conditional first-person singular)
llyfwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
llyfit (conditional second-person singular)
llyfit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
llyfai (conditional singular third-person)
llyfai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
llyfem (conditional first-person plural)
llyfem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
llyfech (conditional plural second-person)
llyfech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
llyfent (conditional plural third-person)
llyfent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
llyfid (conditional impersonal)
llyfid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
llyfais (first-person preterite singular)
llyfaist (preterite second-person singular)
llyfodd (preterite singular third-person)
llyfasom (first-person plural preterite)
llyfasoch (plural preterite second-person)
llyfasant (plural preterite third-person)
llyfwyd (impersonal preterite)
llyfaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
llyfasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
llyfasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
llyfasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
llyfasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
llyfasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
llyfasid (impersonal pluperfect)
llyfesid (impersonal pluperfect)
llyfwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
llyfych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
llyfo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
llyfom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
llyfoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
llyfont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
llyfer (impersonal present subjunctive)
llyf (imperative second-person singular)
llyfa (imperative second-person singular)
llyfed (imperative singular third-person)
llyfwn (first-person imperative plural)
llyfwch (imperative plural second-person)
llyfent (imperative plural third-person)
llyfer (imperative impersonal)
llyfu (noun-from-verb)
llyfedig (participle)
llyfa i (first-person future singular)
llyfaf i (first-person future singular)
llyfi di (future second-person singular)
llyfith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
llyfiff e (future singular third-person)
llyfwn ni (first-person future plural)
llyfwch chi (future plural second-person)
llyfan nhw (future plural third-person)
llyfwn i (conditional first-person singular)
llyfswn i (conditional first-person singular)
llyfet ti (conditional second-person singular)
llyfset ti (conditional second-person singular)
llyfai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
llyfsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
llyfen ni (conditional first-person plural)
llyfsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
llyfech chi (conditional plural second-person)
llyfsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
llyfen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
llyfsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
llyfais i (first-person preterite singular)
llyfes i (first-person preterite singular)
llyfaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
llyfest ti (preterite second-person singular)
llyfodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
llyfon ni (first-person plural preterite)
llyfoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
llyfon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
llyfa (imperative second-person singular)
llyfwch (imperative plural second-person)
llyfu (mutation mutation-radical)
lyfu (mutation mutation-soft)

From Proto-Celtic *ligeti (compare Old Irish ligid, Modern Irish ligh), from Proto-Indo-European *leyǵʰ-.