pen

From Middle Welsh and Old Welsh penn, from Proto-Brythonic *penn, from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom.

gobennu

to terminate, to accent on the penultimate syllable


blew

blewyn (singulative)
blew
flew (soft)
mlew

From Middle Welsh blew; cognate with Breton blev and Cornish blew. Of uncertain ultimate origin and lacking Celtic cognates outside of Brythonic. Perhaps related to Ancient Greek φλόος (phlóos, “rind, bark”). Or, related to Lithuanian plùskos (“hair”) and Proto-West Germanic *fleus (“fleece”), from Proto-Indo-European *plews- (“to pull out, pluck”).

achub y blewyn a cholli’r bwrn

to be penny-wise and pound-foolish, to falsely economise


had

head

had m pl or m sg (singulative hedyn, plural hadau)

From Middle Welsh hat, from Proto-Brythonic *had, from Proto-Celtic *satos, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₁-tó-, past participle of *seh₁- (“to sow”). Cognate with English seed.


bacteria

cy-noun

bacteria m (collective, singulative bacteriwm)

bacteriwm (singulative)
bacteria
facteria (soft)
macteria

From English bacteria, from New Latin bactēria, plural of bactērium, from Ancient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion, “little rod”).


torso

torsoau (plural)
torso
dorso (soft)
nhorso
thorso


dueg

From du (“black”) + -eg. Compare black bile, traditionally believed to be secreted by the spleen.


alcohol

alcoholau (plural)
alcohol
halcohol (prothesis-h)

From English alcohol, from Middle French alcohol or Spanish alcohol, from the Medieval Latin rendering alcohol of Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”).


barf

From Proto-Brythonic *barβ, from Latin barba, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰeh₂. Compare Cornish barv, Breton barv.


gwên

From Proto-Brythonic *gwen, from Proto-Celtic *gʷenom.


bawd

From Middle Welsh mawd, from Proto-Celtic *mā-to-, from Proto-Indo-European *mē-.
Compare Breton meud and Cornish meus.

a bar projecting from rock face to which ropes are attached


cur

curiau (plural)
curau (plural)
cur
gur (soft)
nghur
chur

From Middle Welsh kur, from Proto-Brythonic *kʉr, from Latin cūra.


pilen

pilenni (plural)
pilen
bilen (soft)
mhilen
philen


teth

tethau (plural)
tethi (plural)
teth
deth (soft)
nheth
theth


nod

cy-noun

nod m (plural nodau or nodion, not mutable)

Borrowed from English node, from Latin nōdus.


colomen

colomennod (plural)
colomen
golomen (soft)
ngholomen
cholomen

From Middle Welsh colomen, from Proto-Brythonic *kolom (from Latin columba) + -en.


anther

antherau (plural)
antheri (plural)
anther
hanther (prothesis-h)


elin

elinoedd (plural)
elinau (plural)
elin
helin (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh elin, from Old Welsh elin, Proto-Brythonic *ölin, from from Proto-Celtic *olīnā (“elbow; angle”), from Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃l- (“to bend”).
Cognates
Cognate with Cornish elin, Breton ilin, Scottish Gaelic uileann, Irish uillinn; non-Celtic cognates include Old English eln(bōga), Latin ulna, Ancient Greek ὠλένη (ōlénē).


safn

safn m or f (plural safnau, diminutive sefnyn, not mutable)

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stómn̥ (“mouth, muzzle”). Compare Cornish sâwn, Cornish sawan (“chasm”), Breton staoñ (“palate”), and, outside of Brittonic, Ancient Greek στόμα (stóma, “mouth”).


teratogen

cy-adj

teratogen (feminine singular teratogen, plural teratogen, not comparable)

teratogen (feminine singular)
teratogen (plural)
teratogen
deratogen (soft)
nheratogen
theratogen


cen

cennau (plural)
cen
gen (soft)
nghen
chen

From Proto-Celtic *kennos (“skin”) (compare Cornish kenn (“film, skin (on liquid); peel”), Breton kenn (“scurf, dandruff”), Old Irish cenn (“covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *sken- (“to split off”) (compare German schinden (“to strip, peel; skin”)); further to Cornish skans (“fish scales”), Breton skant (“fish scales”), Irish scain (“to tear, burst”).


cala

caliau (plural)
cala
gala (soft)
nghala
chala

From Proto-Celtic *kalgā. Cognate with Cornish kal, kalgh; Breton kalc'h.


glin

From Proto-Brythonic *glin, from Proto-Celtic *glūnos (compare Old Irish glún), dissimilated from *gnūn-, *gnūnos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu.


bron

From Middle Welsh bronn, from Proto-Brythonic *bronn, from Proto-Celtic *brusū (“belly”).

Cariad mam sy dan fy mron

Mae bronnau ardderchog gyda hi. (South)

1979, Heini Gruffudd, Look Up The Welsh: A Welsh Phrase Book, Y Lolfa Press


cwt

Possibly borrowed from Middle English scut.


aren

arennau (plural)
aren
haren (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh arenn, from Proto-Celtic *ārū. Cognate with Old Irish áru and perhaps more distantly with Hittite [Term?] (/ḫaḫri-/), Latin rēn, and Tocharian A āriñc (“heart”).


croen

cy-noun

croen m (usually uncountable, plural crwyn)

crwyn (plural)
croen
groen (soft)
nghroen
chroen

From Old Welsh groen, from Proto-Brythonic *krʉn, from Proto-Celtic *kroknom, syncope of *krokkenom (compare Cornish kroghen, Breton kroc'hen, Old Irish croiccenn), of unknown origin. Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“cut off”), although this gave corwg and ysgaru.


ais

eisen (singulative)
ais
hais (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh eis, from early Proto-Brythonic *assī, a plural derived secondarily from Proto-Celtic *ast, from pre-Celtic *h₂est, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”) (compare Irish easna, Latin os, Albanian asht). Doublet of asen; related to asgwrn.


raser

From English raser a variation of razor.


rhefr

From Proto-Celtic *remros (“great, fat, thick”) (compare Breton reor (“backside, rump”), Irish ramhar (“thick, plump”)).


llygad

llygaid (plural)
llygadau (plural)
llygad
lygad (soft)

Inherited from Middle Welsh llygat, from Old Welsh licat, from Proto-Brythonic *llugad, from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“to see”). Cognate with Cornish lagas (“eye”), Breton lagad (“eye”), Sanskrit लोचन (locana, “eye”)


asgwrn

esgyrn (plural)
asgwrn
hasgwrn (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh ascurn, ascwrn, from Proto-Celtic *astV-kornu (compare Cornish/Breton askorn), compound of *ast (“rib”) (more at ais) and *kornu (“horn”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂nom (compare Latin cornū, English horn), from *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”).


mwng

From Middle Welsh mwng, from Proto-Brythonic *mung, from Proto-Celtic *mongā. Cognate with Irish moing.


llaw

dwylo (plural)
deulo (plural)
llaw
law (soft)

From Old Welsh lau, from Proto-Brythonic *llọβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *ɸlāmā (whence Irish lámh (“hand”)), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₂meh₂. Cognate with English palm, Ancient Greek παλάμη (palámē, “palm; hand”), Latin palma (“palm; hand”).
Plural is literally dwy law (“two hands”), but is also used to refer to three or more hands.


mêr

cy-noun

mêr m (collective, singulative merion or meirion)

merion (singulative)
meirion (singulative)
mêr
fêr (soft)

From Proto-Celtic *smerus (“marrow”), from Proto-Indo-European *smérus (“grease”). Cognate with Irish smior.


brest

brest m or f (plural brestiau or brestau or brestydd or brestys)

brestiau (plural)
brestau (plural)
brestydd (plural)
brestys (plural)
brest
frest (soft)
mrest

From Middle Welsh brest, from Middle English brest. Compare Cornish brest.


cryf

cy-adj

cryf (feminine singular cref, plural cryfion, equative cryfed, comparative cryfach, superlative cryfaf)

cref (feminine singular)
cryfion (plural)
cryfed (equative)
cryfach (comparative)
cryfaf (superlative)
cryf
gryf (soft)
nghryf
chryf

From Middle Welsh cryf, from Proto-Brythonic *krɨβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *kriɸmos (compare Breton kreñv, Cornish krev).
corff, a Latin borrowing, is from the same Proto-Indo-European root, *krep- (“body”).

tending to constipate, astringent (of medicine or substance)


calon

calonnau (plural)
calon
galon (soft)
nghalon
chalon

From Middle Welsh callon, from Proto-Brythonic *kalwon, from Proto-Celtic *kalwond- (“heart”). Cognate with Breton kalon.

(anatomy) heart
core (of apple, cabbage, etc.)

(anatomy) heart
center, inner or hidden part


llaeth

From Proto-Brythonic *llaɨθ, borrowed from Latin lactis.


syndrom

cy-noun

syndrom m or f (plural syndromau, not mutable)


caill

ceilliau (plural)
caill
gaill (soft)
nghaill
chaill

From Middle Welsh keill, from Proto-Brythonic *köll (compare Breton and Cornish kell), from Latin coleus, from Ancient Greek κολεός (koleós).


gwin

gwinoedd (plural)
gwinau (plural)
gwin
win (soft)
ngwin

From Proto-Brythonic *gwin, from late Proto-Celtic *wīnom, borrowed from Latin vīnum.


asen

From Middle Welsh assen, from Proto-Brythonic *asen (compare Old Cornish asen, Middle Breton asen), from Latin asina.


bys

From Middle Welsh bys, from Proto-Celtic *bistis (finger).


twymyn

twymynau (plural)
twymyn
dwymyn (soft)
nhwymyn
thwymyn

From twym (“warm”), from Proto-Celtic *teɸesmis, from Proto-Indo-European *tep- (“be warm”).


afu

From Middle Welsh auu, from Proto-Brythonic *aβʉ, from Proto-Celtic *awV-. Cognate with Breton avu, Cornish avi, Middle Irish áe.


blas

From Middle Welsh blas, from Proto-Brythonic *blas, from Proto-Celtic *mlasto-, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mel-s- (“to try, taste”). Cognate with Cornish blas, Breton blaz, Irish blas; outside of Celtic, compare Russian молса́ть (molsátʹ, “to suck”).


gwallt

gwalltiau (plural)
gwallt
wallt (soft)
ngwallt

From Proto-Brythonic *gwollt, from Proto-Celtic *woltos.
Cognates
See also Cornish gols, Old Breton guolt, Irish folt, from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (compare English wold, Lithuanian váltis (“oat awn”), Serbo-Croatian vlȃt (“ear (of wheat)”), Ancient Greek λάσιος (lásios, “hairy”)).


achos

From Middle Welsh achaws, from Proto-Brythonic *axọs, from Vulgar Latin *accāsiō, from Latin occāsiō.

Fydd e ddim yma heddiw achos fod e’n sâl.

He won’t be here today because he’s sick.

Aethon ni ddim achos nad oedd digon o amser gyda ni.

We didn’t go because we didn’t have enough time.

because (followed by fod or a “that”-clause)


braich

breichiau (plural)
braich
fraich (soft)
mraich

From Middle Welsh breich, from Proto-Brythonic *brėx, from Latin bracchium. Compare Cornish bregh, Breton brec'h.
This is one of a number of nouns that were masculine in Middle Welsh but became feminine in Modern Welsh; others include chwedl, damwain, dinas, and grudd.


dolur

cy-noun

dolur m or f (plural doluriau or dolurion)

doluriau (plural)
dolurion (plural)
dolur
ddolur (soft)
nolur

From Middle Welsh dolur, from Proto-Brythonic *dolʉr, from Latin dolor.

amynedd yw eli pob dolur

time heals all wounds; patience is the salve of every pain

pawb â’i fys lle bo’i ddolur

each to their own; everyone has his finger to his pain


cwrw

cyrfau (plural)
cwrwau (plural)
cwrw
gwrw (soft)
nghwrw
chwrw

From Middle Welsh cwrwf, from Old Welsh curum, from Proto-Brythonic *kurβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *kurman or *kurmi. Compare with Breton korev.


ewin

ewinedd (plural)
ewin
hewin (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh ewin, from Old Welsh eguin, from Proto-Brythonic *ėɣwin, from Proto-Celtic *angʷīnā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nogʰ- (“nail”).
Compare Cornish ewin, Breton ivin, Irish ionga; also Latin unguis, English nail, Ancient Greek ὄνυξ (ónux), Russian ноготь (nogotʹ).


dwrn

From Middle Welsh dwrn, from Proto-Celtic *durnos (compare Breton dorn (“hand”), Old Irish dorn (“fist”)), probably loaned from a non-Indo-European substrate language.


cochen

cochen f (plural cochennau, masculine cochyn)

cochennau (plural)
cochyn (masculine)
cochen
gochen (soft)
nghochen
chochen


cochyn

cochyn m (plural cochynnau, feminine cochen)

cochynnau (plural)
cochen (feminine)
cochyn
gochyn (soft)
nghochyn
chochyn


atodiad

atodiadau (plural)
atodiad
hatodiad (prothesis-h)


corff

cyrff (plural)
corff
gorff (soft)
nghorff
chorff

From Middle Welsh corff, from Proto-Brythonic *korf, from Latin corpus. Ultimately from the same Proto-Indo-European root, *krep-, as cryf (“strong”). Compare Breton korf.


dant

dant m (plural dannedd or daint or danheddau)

dannedd (plural)
daint (plural)
danheddau (plural)
dant
ddant (soft)
nant

From Middle Welsh dant, from Proto-Brythonic *dant, from Proto-Celtic *dant, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts.


oesoffagws

oesoffagi (plural)
oesoffagws
hoesoffagws (prothesis-h)


gwirod

gwirodydd (plural)
gwirod
wirod (soft)
ngwirod


llefrith

From *llef, a root meaning "weak" and cognate with Irish leamh (“tender, weak”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“weak, broken, soft”) + blith (“milk”).


trwyn

trwynau (plural)
trwyn
drwyn (soft)
nhrwyn
thrwyn

From Proto-Celtic *trognī- (“nose”), with further origin uncertain; perhaps related to ffroen (“nostril”). Cognate with Cornish tron, Breton stroen, and also with French trogne via Gaulish trugna (“nose, snout”).


wyneb

wynebau (plural)
wyneb
hwyneb (prothesis-h)

South Wales

From Old Welsh enep, from Proto-Brythonic *eneb, from Proto-Celtic *enīkʷom (“face”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁enih₃kʷos (“face”), from *h₁én and *h₃ókʷs (“eye”).
Cognate with Breton eneb (“face”), Cornish enep (“face”), and Old Irish enech (“face”).

A phwy ond efe sydd wedi cael digon o wyneb a haerllugrwydd i daflu llaid arno?

And who but he has had enough cheek and impudence to sling mud at him?


ymennydd

ymenyddiau (plural)
ymennydd
hymennydd (prothesis-h)

From Proto-Celtic *en-kʷennio-, corresponding to yn (“in”) + pen (“head”). Cognate with Breton empenn, Irish inchinn.


gwaed

cy-noun

gwaed m (usually uncountable, plural gwaedau or gwaedoedd)

gwaedau (plural)
gwaedoedd (plural)
gwaed
waed (soft)
ngwaed

From Middle Welsh gwaet, from Old Welsh guayt, from Proto-Brythonic *gwoɨd, from Proto-Celtic *waitos, probably ultimately from the root of gwythi (“veins”), see that entry for cognates. Cognate with Breton gwad and Cornish goes.


cramen

cramennau (plural)
cramen
gramen (soft)
nghramen
chramen

From Proto-Celtic *krammen, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krama- (compare Middle Irish screm (“surface, skin”) and Breton kramenn (“crust, grime, tan”)).


taflod

taflodydd (plural)
taflodau (plural)
taflod
daflod (soft)
nhaflod
thaflod


ysbyty

ysbytai (plural)
ysbyty
hysbyty (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh yspyty, a compound of yspyt + ty (“house”) (modern tŷ). The first element is from Proto-Brythonic *öspɨd, from Latin hospitium (“hospitality; inn”).


penglog

penglogau (plural)
penglog
benglog (soft)
mhenglog
phenglog

From pen (“head”) + clog (“rockface, cliff”). Compare Breton klopenn, Old Irish cloicenn.


coes

coes f or m (plural coesau, diminutive coesen or coesyn)

coesau (plural)
coesen (diminutive)
coesyn (diminutive)
coes
goes (soft)
nghoes
choes

From Middle Welsh coes, probably from Proto-Brythonic *koɨs, from Proto-Celtic *koxsā, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *koḱs-. Cognate with Old Irish cos (“leg”) and Latin coxa (“hip”).


gwefus

gwefusau (plural)
gwefus
wefus (soft)
ngwefus

From Proto-Brythonic *webussu (compare Cornish gweus, Breton gweuz), compound of *we- (compare gwefl (“animal lip”)) and Proto-Celtic *bussus (“lip”) (compare Scottish Gaelic bus, Old Irish busóc (“kiss”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bus- (“to kiss”) (compare Latin bāsium (“kiss”), Lithuanian bučiúoti, Albanian buzë (“mouth”), Persian بوسیدن (bôsidan, “to kiss”)).


poeth

cy-adj

poeth (feminine singular poeth, plural poethion, equative poethed, comparative poethach, superlative poethaf)

poeth (feminine singular)
poethion (plural)
poethed (equative)
poethach (comparative)
poethaf (superlative)
poeth
boeth (soft)
mhoeth
phoeth

From Proto-Brythonic *poɨθ, from Proto-Celtic *kʷoxtos (“cooked”), from Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ- (“to cook”). Doublet of coeth.

tinboeth

lecherous; water pepper plant; some bird species


cedor

From Proto-Brythonic *kedor, from Proto-Celtic *ketorā.


oddf

oddfau (plural)
oddf
hoddf (prothesis-h)

From Proto-Celtic *odbos (“knot, bulge”); compare Old Irish odb.

(medicine) excrescence, callus, hard growth or swelling


gwialen

cy-noun

gwialen f (plural gwialenni or gwialennod)

gwialenni (plural)
gwialennod (plural)
gwialen
wialen (soft)
ngwialen


gïau

gïau m (collective, singulative giewyn or gewyn)

giewyn (singulative)
gewyn (singulative)
gïau
ïau (soft)
ngïau

From Middle Welsh gieu, from Proto-Brythonic *giow, plural of *gi.


ysgwydd

ysgwyddau (plural)
ysgwydd
hysgwydd (prothesis-h)

From Proto-Brythonic *skuɨð, from Proto-Celtic *skeidā.


palfais

palfeisiau (plural)
palfais
balfais (soft)
mhalfais
phalfais


poeni

cy-verb

poeni (first-person singular present poenaf)

poenaf (first-person present singular)
poenaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
poeni (future indicative present second-person singular)
poena (future indicative present singular third-person)
poenwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
poenwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
poenant (future indicative plural present third-person)
poenir (future impersonal indicative present)
poenwn (conditional first-person singular)
poenwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
poenit (conditional second-person singular)
poenit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
poenai (conditional singular third-person)
poenai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
poenem (conditional first-person plural)
poenem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
poenech (conditional plural second-person)
poenech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
poenent (conditional plural third-person)
poenent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
poenid (conditional impersonal)
poenid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
poenais (first-person preterite singular)
poenaist (preterite second-person singular)
poenodd (preterite singular third-person)
poenasom (first-person plural preterite)
poenasoch (plural preterite second-person)
poenasant (plural preterite third-person)
poenwyd (impersonal preterite)
poenaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
poenasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
poenasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
poenasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
poenasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
poenasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
poenasid (impersonal pluperfect)
poenesid (impersonal pluperfect)
poenwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
poenych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
poeno (present singular subjunctive third-person)
poenom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
poenoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
poenont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
poener (impersonal present subjunctive)
poena (imperative second-person singular)
poened (imperative singular third-person)
poenwn (first-person imperative plural)
poenwch (imperative plural second-person)
poenent (imperative plural third-person)
poener (imperative impersonal)
poeni (noun-from-verb)
poenedig (participle)
poenadwy (participle)
poena i (first-person future singular)
poenaf i (first-person future singular)
poeni di (future second-person singular)
poenith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
poeniff e (future singular third-person)
poenwn ni (first-person future plural)
poenwch chi (future plural second-person)
poenan nhw (future plural third-person)
poenwn i (conditional first-person singular)
poenswn i (conditional first-person singular)
poenet ti (conditional second-person singular)
poenset ti (conditional second-person singular)
poenai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
poensai fo (conditional singular third-person)
poenen ni (conditional first-person plural)
poensen ni (conditional first-person plural)
poenech chi (conditional plural second-person)
poensech chi (conditional plural second-person)
poenen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
poensen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
poenais i (first-person preterite singular)
poenes i (first-person preterite singular)
poenaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
poenest ti (preterite second-person singular)
poenodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
poenon ni (first-person plural preterite)
poenoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
poenon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
poena (imperative second-person singular)
poenwch (imperative plural second-person)
poeni
boeni (soft)
mhoeni
phoeni

From Middle Welsh poeni. By surface analysis, poen + -i. Alternatively, the Middle Welsh could be borrowed directly from Latin poeniō.


gwaedlif

cy-noun

gwaedlif m (plural gwaedlifau or gwaedlifoedd)

gwaedlifau (plural)
gwaedlifoedd (plural)
gwaedlif
waedlif (soft)
ngwaedlif


gwaedlyn

gwaed (“blood”) + llyn (“fluid, humour”)


clust

clustiau (plural)
clust
glust (soft)
nghlust
chlust

From Proto-Brythonic *klʉst, from Proto-Celtic *kloustā, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew-.


gwddf

gyddfau (plural)
gwddf
wddf (soft)
ngwddf

From Proto-Celtic *wodwos (“spoils”), whence also Old Irish fodb (“spoils”), from the practice of counting captives as "so many necks". *wudwos may be related to Proto-Celtic *wodwo- (“cutting”) (whence Old Irish fodb in the sense of "division"), with semantic shift "cutting" > "weapon" > "weapon-spoils" > "spoils" (though these shifts are not straightforward). If so, then the root ultimately goes back to Proto-Indo-European *wedʰH- (“strike”), whence gwasgu (“to press”), Lithuanian vedegà (“a kind of axe”), Sanskrit वध् (vadh, “to strike, slay”), Tocharian A wac (“struggle”).
The variant gwddwg is cognate with Old Breton guodoc (Middle Breton gouzouc, Breton gouzoug, goûg), but it is difficult to explain the alternation between -wg, -w, and -f. The oldest form of the word cited in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru is the Middle Welsh plural form gedueu (13th century; = modern gyddfau), while the soft mutation forms wðwc, wddf, and wddw are all attested in the 14th century, indicating that the alternation is very old.

(South Wales)


gwddw

gyddfau (plural)
gwddw
wddw (soft)
ngwddw


mwnwgl

From Middle Welsh mwnwgyl, from Proto-Brythonic *munugl, alteration of Proto-Celtic *moniklos, cognate with Old Irish muinél, derived from Proto-Celtic *monis (from which Old Irish muin (“neck, nape”) and Welsh mŵn (“neck”)), from Proto-Indo-European *mon-i- (“neck”). Related to Sanskrit मन्या (mányā-, “neck”), Latin monīle (“necklace”), and English mane. Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to stand out”).


gwddwg

gyddygau (plural)
gwddwg
wddwg (soft)
ngwddwg


dannoedd

From Proto-Celtic *dantay-, from *dant (“tooth”) (modern dant).


pen-lin

pen-liniau (plural)
pen-lin
ben-lin (soft)
mhen-lin
phen-lin


rheolydd calon

cy-noun

rheolydd calon m (plural rheolwyr calon or rheolyddion calon)

rheolwyr calon (plural)
rheolyddion calon (plural)
rheolydd calon
reolydd calon (soft)


eirin

eirin f (collective, singulative eirinen)

eirinen (singulative)
eirin
heirin (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh eirin, from Proto-Brythonic *ėɣrin, from Proto-Celtic *agrinyā, plural of *agrinyom (compare Cornish yryn, Breton irin, Irish airne (“sloe”)), from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₂ógeh₂ (“berry”) (compare Tocharian B oko (“fruit”), Old Church Slavonic агода (agoda, “berry”)).

cog

stones, glands (of the scrotum), testicles


chwys

From Middle Welsh chuis, from Proto-Brythonic *hwɨs, from Proto-Celtic *swissos, from Proto-Indo-European *sweyd-.


cefn

cy-noun

cefn m (plural cefnau or cefnoedd or cefnydd)

cefnau (plural)
cefnoedd (plural)
cefnydd (plural)
cefn
gefn (soft)
nghefn
chefn

From Middle Welsh keuen. Related to Breton kein (“back”), Cornish keyn (“back”), Gaulish Cebenna (“ridge, height”) (whence French Cévennes).

ar gefn

in addition to, as a consequence of, with regard to; at the expense of; on top, upon, up to

cefn lloer

full moon; crescent of the moon, half moon

cefnog

backed, having a back; strong, stout brave

yng nghefn

behind one's back, underhand; following, pursuing

(anatomy) back, rear
(figuratively) back, support


llwnc

From llyncu (“to swallow”), from Proto-Celtic *slunketi.

(North Wales)


llwnc

(literary) third-person singular present indicative/future of llyncu


boch

boch f (plural bochau, diminutive bochig or bochyn)

bochau (plural)
bochig (diminutive)
bochyn (diminutive)
boch
foch (soft)
moch

From Proto-Brythonic *box, from Latin bucca (“cheek”). Cognate with Cornish bogh (“cheek”), Breton boc'h (“cheek”), Scottish Gaelic bòc (“surge, swell”).


sbectol

sbectol f (plural sbectolau or sbectols, not mutable)


bys troed

bys troed m (plural bysedd traed or bysedd troed)

bysedd traed (plural)
bysedd troed (plural)
bys troed
fys troed (soft)
mys troed

bys

when not specified in contradistinction with a finger

(anatomy) toe (when specified in contradistinction with a finger)


grudd

gruddiau (plural)
grudd
rudd (soft)
ngrudd

From Middle Welsh gruð, from Proto-Brythonic *grʉð, from Proto-Celtic *groudos (“cheek; slope”). Cognate with Cornish grudh (“jaw, mandible”), Irish grua (“cheek”), Scottish Gaelic gruaidh (“cheek”).


ceg

cegau (plural)
ceg
geg (soft)
ngheg
cheg

Perhaps borrowed from Old English ċēce (“jaw; cheek”).


talcen

talcennau (plural)
talcenni (plural)
talcen
dalcen (soft)
nhalcen
thalcen

From Proto-Celtic *talo-. Cognate with Cornish tal, toal, Breton tal, talbenn.


gên

From Middle Welsh gen, from Proto-Brythonic *gen, from Proto-Celtic *genus, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus.


penelin

penelinoedd (plural)
penelin
benelin (soft)
mhenelin
phenelin

From pen (“end (of), head (of)”) + elin (“elbow, forearm”).

affix

nes penelin nag arddwrn

blood is thicker than water; the elbow is nearer than the wrist


meddyg

From Middle Welsh meðyc, from Proto-Brythonic *meðɨg, borrowed from Latin medicus (“doctor”). Cognate with Cornish medhek, Breton mezeg, Middle Irish midach.


meddyges

meddygesau (plural)
meddyges
feddyges (soft)


gwisg

gwisgoedd (plural)
gwisg
wisg (soft)
ngwisg

From Proto-Brythonic *gwesk, from Proto-Celtic *weskā, itself from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to dress, clothe”).
Cognate with Latin vestis, English wear, Old Armenian զգեստ (zgest), Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹 (wasti), Tocharian B wastsi, and Ancient Greek εἷμα (heîma, “garment”).
In Celtic, compare Old Cornish guisc, Breton gwisk.


cwd

cy-noun

cwd m (plural cydau, diminutive cwdyn or cydyn)

cydau (plural)
cwdyn (diminutive)
cydyn (diminutive)
cwd
gwd (soft)
nghwd
chwd

If not borrowed from Latin cutis (“skin”), cwd is the sole surviving Celtic reflex (via Proto-Brythonic *kud, from Proto-Celtic *kutis) of Proto-Indo-European *kuH-ti-, which is composed of the root *kew(H)- (zero-grade without s-mobile form of *(s)kewH- (“to cover”)) + *-tis (a deverbal abstract noun suffix). In addition to Latin cutis, cognate with Lithuanian kutỹs (“purse”), Old English hȳd (modern English hide (noun)).

suf

zero-grade without s-mobile form of <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">*(s)kewH-</i> (“to cover”)

(anatomy) scrotum, cod; any bag-like cavity or organ in body, sac


ceillgwd

ceillgydau (plural)
ceillgwd
geillgwd (soft)
ngheillgwd
cheillgwd

From caill (“testicle”) + cwd (“sac, pouch”).


pidyn

pidynnau (plural)
pidyn
bidyn (soft)
mhidyn
phidyn


cyswllt

cy-noun

cyswllt m (plural cysylltau or cysylltiau)

From Middle Welsh kysswllt, from Proto-Brythonic *kusulld, from Vulgar Latin *cōnsoldus, cōnsolidus; cf. Latin cōnsolidō.


niwlen

niwlen f (plural niwlennau, not mutable)

(pathology) cataract (opacity of the lens in the eye)


chwydd

From Middle Welsh chwyd, from Proto-Brythonic *hwuɨð, from Proto-Celtic *sweidus; cognate with Old Irish síad.

swelling (anything swollen, especially any abnormally swollen part of the body)


gân

Probably borrowed from English gan (“the mouth”).


cynffon

cynffon f (plural cynffonnau or cynffonion)

cynffonnau (plural)
cynffonion (plural)
cynffon
gynffon (soft)
nghynffon
chynffon

cynffonna

to wag the tail, to fawn, to suck up to (someone)


gwain

gweiniau (plural)
gwain
wain (soft)
ngwain

From Middle Welsh gwein, from Proto-Brythonic *gwėɣin, from Latin vāgīna. Cognate with Breton gouin, Cornish gweyn.


croth

crothau (plural)
croth
groth (soft)
nghroth
chroth


chwarren

chwarren f (plural chwarennau, not mutable)

Proto-Celtic *swarr-, from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to ache, to fester”).


cilddant

cy-noun

cilddant m (plural cilddannedd or cilddaint)

cilddannedd (plural)
cilddaint (plural)
cilddant
gilddant (soft)
nghilddant
childdant


cilwen

cilwenau (plural)
cilwen
gilwen (soft)
nghilwen
chilwen

From cil (“back; corner”) + gwên (“smile”).

half smile, faint smile, simper, smirk, leer


cilwg

cilygon (plural)
cilwg
gilwg (soft)
nghilwg
chilwg

From cil (“back; corner”) + gwg (“scowl”).

frown, scowl, suspicious or threatening look


arddwrn

arddyrnau (plural)
arddwrn
harddwrn (prothesis-h)

Univerbation of ar + dwrn (“hand, fist”). Cognate with Breton arzorn.


cymal

cymalau (plural)
cymal
gymal (soft)
nghymal
chymal


cledr

head

cledr f or f pl (singulative cledren, plural cledrau)

cledren (singulative)
cledrau (plural)
cledr
gledr (soft)
nghledr
chledr

From Proto-Celtic *kli-trā, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlíto (“post, trimmed log”), ultimately related to *ḱley- (“to lean”); see also Old Norse hlíð (“slope”), Welsh clwyd (“gate, hurdle”), Lithuanian šlìtė (“ladder”), pã-šlitas (“curved”). Celtic cognates include Middle Breton clezr, Middle Irish clithar, clethar (“shelter, covert, fastness; protection”).


penfelyn

cy-adj

penfelyn (feminine singular penfelen, plural penfelynion, not comparable)

penfelen (feminine singular)
penfelynion (plural)

blond, fair-haired, yellow-haired, flaxen-haired


chwisgi

Borrowing from English whisky, from Irish uisce beatha and Scottish Gaelic uisge-beatha (literally “water of life”), calque of Latin aqua vitae, from Proto-Celtic *udenskyos (“water”) + Proto-Celtic *biwotos (“life”) (see *biwos (“alive”)).


poer

head

poer m (plural poerion, singulative poeryn)

poerion (plural)
poeryn (singulative)
poer
boer (soft)
mhoer
phoer


nyrs

nurse (person trained to provide care for the sick)


sawdl

cy-noun

sawdl m or f (plural sodlau, not mutable)

From Middle Welsh saudel, from Proto-Brythonic [Term?], from Proto-Celtic *stātlā or *stādlā (“heel”), from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂tleh₂ or *stéh₂dʰleh₂ (“that which is used for standing”) respectively, from the root *steh₂- (“to stand”) + *-tleh₂/*-dʰleh₂ (instrument noun suffix). Cognate with Cornish seudhel, Middle Breton seuzl, Irish sáil, Scottish Gaelic sàil and Manx saayl.


cesail

ceseiliau (plural)
cesail
gesail (soft)
nghesail
chesail


pigwrn

pigyrnau (plural)
pigwrn
bigwrn (soft)
mhigwrn
phigwrn


poen

poenau (plural)
poen
boen (soft)
mhoen
phoen

From Middle Welsh poen, a learned borrowing from Latin poena. Cornish and Breton poan suggest a Proto-Brythonic *puɨn from Vulgar Latin *pēna, which would have given *pwyn. Cognate with English pain.


parddu

(phytopathology) smut (fungi in the class Ustilaginomycetes and the diseases that they cause in plants)


gowt

(agriculture, phytopathology) clubroot, a common disease of cabbages, radishes and turnips


troedwst

troedwst
droedwst (soft)
nhroedwst
throedwst


aeled

aeledau (plural)
aeled
haeled (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh aelet, from Proto-Celtic *agletos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʰ-lo- (“distress”).


llid yr amrant

llid yr amrant m (plural llidiau'r amrant)

llidiau'r amrant (plural)
llid yr amrant
lid yr amrant (soft)

From llid (“inflammation, irritation”) + amrant (“eyelid”).


ffisioleg

Adaptation of English physiology. By surface analysis, ffisio- + -leg.


ffêr

From Proto-Brythonic *fer, from Proto-Celtic *sɸerā.


llost

From Middle Welsh llost, from Proto-Brythonic *llost, from Proto-Celtic *lustā, from the Proto-Indo-European root *lew- (“todivide, to split”), possibly related to Old Norse ljósta (“to strike”). Cognate with Breton lost, Cornish lost, Gaulish losto-,


dyslecsia

Borrowed from English dyslexia, from New Latin dyslexia.


arloesi

cy-verb

arloesi (first-person singular present arloesaf)

arloesaf (first-person present singular)
arloesaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
arloesi (future indicative present second-person singular)
arloesa (future indicative present singular third-person)
arloeswn (first-person future indicative plural present)
arloeswch (future indicative plural present second-person)
arloesant (future indicative plural present third-person)
arloesir (future impersonal indicative present)
arloeswn (conditional first-person singular)
arloeswn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
arloesit (conditional second-person singular)
arloesit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
arloesai (conditional singular third-person)
arloesai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
arloesem (conditional first-person plural)
arloesem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
arloesech (conditional plural second-person)
arloesech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
arloesent (conditional plural third-person)
arloesent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
arloesid (conditional impersonal)
arloesid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
arloesais (first-person preterite singular)
arloesaist (preterite second-person singular)
arloesodd (preterite singular third-person)
arloesasom (first-person plural preterite)
arloesasoch (plural preterite second-person)
arloesasant (plural preterite third-person)
arloeswyd (impersonal preterite)
arloesaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
arloesasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
arloesasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
arloesasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
arloesasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
arloesasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
arloesasid (impersonal pluperfect)
arloesesid (impersonal pluperfect)
arloeswyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
arloesych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
arloeso (present singular subjunctive third-person)
arloesom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
arloesoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
arloesont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
arloeser (impersonal present subjunctive)
arloesa (imperative second-person singular)
arloesed (imperative singular third-person)
arloeswn (first-person imperative plural)
arloeswch (imperative plural second-person)
arloesent (imperative plural third-person)
arloeser (imperative impersonal)
arloesi (noun-from-verb)
arloesedig (participle)
arloesadwy (participle)
arloesa i (first-person future singular)
arloesaf i (first-person future singular)
arloesi di (future second-person singular)
arloesith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
arloesiff e (future singular third-person)
arloeswn ni (first-person future plural)
arloeswch chi (future plural second-person)
arloesan nhw (future plural third-person)
arloeswn i (conditional first-person singular)
arloesswn i (conditional first-person singular)
arloeset ti (conditional second-person singular)
arloesset ti (conditional second-person singular)
arloesai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
arloessai fo (conditional singular third-person)
arloesen ni (conditional first-person plural)
arloessen ni (conditional first-person plural)
arloesech chi (conditional plural second-person)
arloessech chi (conditional plural second-person)
arloesen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
arloessen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
arloesais i (first-person preterite singular)
arloeses i (first-person preterite singular)
arloesaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
arloesest ti (preterite second-person singular)
arloesodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
arloeson ni (first-person plural preterite)
arloesoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
arloeson nhw (plural preterite third-person)
arloesa (imperative second-person singular)
arloeswch (imperative plural second-person)
arloesi
harloesi (prothesis-h)

From arloes (“empty space, clearing”) + -i. Doublet of arllwys (“to pour”).

(transitive, obsolete) to clear, to purge, to empty

to clear, to purge, to empty
to vomit, to cleanse


crawn

crawnau (plural)
crawn
grawn (soft)
nghrawn
chrawn


toriad

toriadau (plural)
toriad
doriad (soft)
nhoriad
thoriad

(dermatology)
(arithmetic, archaic) fraction


mynegfys

mynegfysedd (plural)
mynegfys
fynegfys (soft)

From mynegi (“to express”) + bys (“finger”).


sychwr gwallt

cy-noun

sychwr gwallt m (plural sychwyr gwallt, not mutable)

/ˌsəχʊr ˈɡwaːɬd/

[ˌsəχʊr ˈɡwaːɬt]

/ˌsəχʊr ˈɡwaɬd/

[ˌsəχʊr ˈɡwaɬt]


clefyd

clefydau (plural)
clefyd
glefyd (soft)
nghlefyd
chlefyd

From Proto-Brythonic *klėβ̃ɨd, from Proto-Celtic *klamitos. Equivalent to claf (“sick, ill”) + -yd (“-ness”).


beichiog

cy-adj

beichiog (feminine singular beichiog, plural beichiog, not comparable)

beichiog (feminine singular)
beichiog (plural)
beichiog
feichiog (soft)
meichiog

beichiogi

to conceive, to become pregnant; to impregnate


beichiogrwydd

cy-noun

beichiogrwydd m (plural beichiogrwyddau)

beichiogrwyddau (plural)
beichiogrwydd
feichiogrwydd (soft)
meichiogrwydd

/bei̯χˈjɔɡrʊɨ̯ð/

/bei̯χˈjɔɡrʊi̯ð/

From beichiog (“pregnant”) + -rwydd (“-ness”).


beichiogi

cy-verb

beichiogi (first-person singular present beichiogaf)

beichiogaf (first-person present singular)
beichiogaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
beichiogi (future indicative present second-person singular)
beichioga (future indicative present singular third-person)
beichiogwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
beichiogwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
beichiogant (future indicative plural present third-person)
beichiogir (future impersonal indicative present)
beichiogwn (conditional first-person singular)
beichiogwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
beichiogit (conditional second-person singular)
beichiogit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
beichiogai (conditional singular third-person)
beichiogai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
beichiogem (conditional first-person plural)
beichiogem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
beichiogech (conditional plural second-person)
beichiogech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
beichiogent (conditional plural third-person)
beichiogent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
beichiogid (conditional impersonal)
beichiogid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
beichiogais (first-person preterite singular)
beichiogaist (preterite second-person singular)
beichiogodd (preterite singular third-person)
beichiogasom (first-person plural preterite)
beichiogasoch (plural preterite second-person)
beichiogasant (plural preterite third-person)
beichiogwyd (impersonal preterite)
beichiogaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
beichiogasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
beichiogasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
beichiogasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
beichiogasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
beichiogasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
beichiogasid (impersonal pluperfect)
beichiogesid (impersonal pluperfect)
beichiogwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
beichiogych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
beichiogo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
beichiogom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
beichiogoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
beichiogont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
beichioger (impersonal present subjunctive)
beichioga (imperative second-person singular)
beichioged (imperative singular third-person)
beichiogwn (first-person imperative plural)
beichiogwch (imperative plural second-person)
beichiogent (imperative plural third-person)
beichioger (imperative impersonal)
beichiogi (noun-from-verb)
beichiogedig (participle)
beichiogadwy (participle)
beichioga i (first-person future singular)
beichiogaf i (first-person future singular)
beichiogi di (future second-person singular)
beichiogith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
beichiogiff e (future singular third-person)
beichiogwn ni (first-person future plural)
beichiogwch chi (future plural second-person)
beichiogan nhw (future plural third-person)
beichiogwn i (conditional first-person singular)
beichiogswn i (conditional first-person singular)
beichioget ti (conditional second-person singular)
beichiogset ti (conditional second-person singular)
beichiogai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
beichiogsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
beichiogen ni (conditional first-person plural)
beichiogsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
beichiogech chi (conditional plural second-person)
beichiogsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
beichiogen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
beichiogsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
beichiogais i (first-person preterite singular)
beichioges i (first-person preterite singular)
beichiogaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
beichiogest ti (preterite second-person singular)
beichiogodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
beichiogon ni (first-person plural preterite)
beichiogoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
beichiogon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
beichioga (imperative second-person singular)
beichiogwch (imperative plural second-person)

/bei̯χˈjɔɡɪ/

(intransitive) to conceive, to become pregnant


meddyginiaeth

cy-noun

meddyginiaeth f (plural meddyginiaethau)

meddyginiaethau (plural)
meddyginiaeth
feddyginiaeth (soft)


ffroen

From Middle Welsh ffroen, from Proto-Brythonic *froɨn, from Proto-Celtic *srognā.


ellyn

ellynnau (plural)
ellynnod (plural)
ellyn
hellyn (prothesis-h)

Middle Welsh ellyn, from Old Welsh elinn, from Proto-Brythonic [Term?], from Proto-Celtic *altēn, ultimately of probable substrate origin.


medd

From Middle Welsh medd, from Proto-Brythonic *með, from Proto-Celtic *medu (“mead”), from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu (“honey; honey wine”).


ocsigenu

cy-verb

ocsigenu (first-person singular present ocsigenaf)

ocsigenaf (first-person present singular)
ocsigenaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
ocsigeni (future indicative present second-person singular)
ocsigena (future indicative present singular third-person)
ocsigenwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
ocsigenwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
ocsigenant (future indicative plural present third-person)
ocsigenir (future impersonal indicative present)
ocsigenwn (conditional first-person singular)
ocsigenwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
ocsigenit (conditional second-person singular)
ocsigenit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
ocsigenai (conditional singular third-person)
ocsigenai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
ocsigenem (conditional first-person plural)
ocsigenem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
ocsigenech (conditional plural second-person)
ocsigenech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
ocsigenent (conditional plural third-person)
ocsigenent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
ocsigenid (conditional impersonal)
ocsigenid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
ocsigenais (first-person preterite singular)
ocsigenaist (preterite second-person singular)
ocsigenodd (preterite singular third-person)
ocsigenasom (first-person plural preterite)
ocsigenasoch (plural preterite second-person)
ocsigenasant (plural preterite third-person)
ocsigenwyd (impersonal preterite)
ocsigenaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
ocsigenasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
ocsigenasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
ocsigenasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
ocsigenasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
ocsigenasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
ocsigenasid (impersonal pluperfect)
ocsigenesid (impersonal pluperfect)
ocsigenwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ocsigenych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
ocsigeno (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ocsigenom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
ocsigenoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ocsigenont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ocsigener (impersonal present subjunctive)
ocsigena (imperative second-person singular)
ocsigened (imperative singular third-person)
ocsigenwn (first-person imperative plural)
ocsigenwch (imperative plural second-person)
ocsigenent (imperative plural third-person)
ocsigener (imperative impersonal)
ocsigenu (noun-from-verb)
ocsigenedig (participle)
ocsigenadwy (participle)
ocsigena i (first-person future singular)
ocsigenaf i (first-person future singular)
ocsigeni di (future second-person singular)
ocsigenith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
ocsigeniff e (future singular third-person)
ocsigenwn ni (first-person future plural)
ocsigenwch chi (future plural second-person)
ocsigenan nhw (future plural third-person)
ocsigenwn i (conditional first-person singular)
ocsigenswn i (conditional first-person singular)
ocsigenet ti (conditional second-person singular)
ocsigenset ti (conditional second-person singular)
ocsigenai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
ocsigensai fo (conditional singular third-person)
ocsigenen ni (conditional first-person plural)
ocsigensen ni (conditional first-person plural)
ocsigenech chi (conditional plural second-person)
ocsigensech chi (conditional plural second-person)
ocsigenen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ocsigensen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ocsigenais i (first-person preterite singular)
ocsigenes i (first-person preterite singular)
ocsigenaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
ocsigenest ti (preterite second-person singular)
ocsigenodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
ocsigenon ni (first-person plural preterite)
ocsigenoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
ocsigenon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
ocsigena (imperative second-person singular)
ocsigenwch (imperative plural second-person)
ocsigenu
hocsigenu (prothesis-h)

/ˌɔksɪˈɡɛnɨ/

/ˌɔksɪˈɡɛni/


cawod

cawodau (plural)
cawodydd (plural)
cawod
gawod (soft)
nghawod
chawod

From Middle Welsh cawat, from Proto-Celtic *kowotos (compare Cornish kowas, Breton kaouad), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₁w- (“cold, rainy; north”); compare Latin caurus (“northwestern wind”), Lithuanian šiáurė (“north”), Russian се́вер (séver, “north”).

inh

(dermatology, North Wales) rash (likened to splashes of a rainshower on skin)

(medicine) fit or attack of sickness or pain


clefyd y gwair

clefyd y gwair
glefyd y gwair (soft)
nghlefyd y gwair
chlefyd y gwair


therapi

cy-noun

therapi f (plural therapïau, not mutable)


clorosis

clorosis
glorosis (soft)
nghlorosis
chlorosis

(pathology) chlorosis (anaemia characterised by skin turning green)


bustl

bustlau (plural)
bustl
fustl (soft)
mustl

From Proto-Celtic *bistlo-: de Vaan notes that the word is only found in Latin (Latin bilis) and Brythonic and does not rule out a substrate borrowing for both; however, it could instead be a derivative of a preform *bid-tli-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split off, bite”), referring to the substance's bitterness. Cognate with Breton bestl.


ferdis

From English verjuice or Middle English verdius.


gwyrddsug

/ˈɡwərðsɨ̞ɡ/

From gwyrdd (“green, fresh”) + sug (“juice”).


gwin newydd

gwin newydd
win newydd (soft)
ngwin newydd

/ˌɡwiːn ˈnɛu̯.ɨ̞ð/

/ˌɡwiːn ˈnɛu̯.ɪð/


mwst

From Middle Welsh mwst, from Latin mustum, possibly via Old French must or Middle English must.


gwrthiselydd

gwrthiselyddion (plural)
gwrthiselydd
wrthiselydd (soft)
ngwrthiselydd

/ˌɡʊrθɪˈsɛlɨ̞ð/

/ˌɡʊrθɪˈseːlɪð/

/ˌɡʊrθɪˈsɛlɪð/

gwrth- (“anti-”) + iselydd (“depressant”)


gwrthiselder

cy-adj

gwrthiselder (feminine singular gwrthiselder, plural gwrthiselder, equative mor wrthiselder, comparative mwy gwrthiselder, superlative mwyaf gwrthiselder)

gwrthiselder (feminine singular)
gwrthiselder (plural)
mor wrthiselder (equative)
mwy gwrthiselder (comparative)
mwyaf gwrthiselder (superlative)
gwrthiselder
wrthiselder (soft)
ngwrthiselder

/ˌɡʊrθɪˈsɛldɛr/

gwrth- (“anti-”) + iselder (“lowness, depression”)


iselydd

iselyddion (plural)
iselydd
hiselydd (prothesis-h)


rasel

cy-noun

rasel f (plural raseli or raselydd, not mutable)

A dissimilated version of English raser, a variation of razor. Similar dissimilation occurs in cornel (“corner”), dresel (“dresser”) and fesul (“at a time”).


bongorff

bongyrff (plural)
bongorff
fongorff (soft)
mongorff


adweitheg

From adwaith (“reaction”) + -eg (“-ology”).

alternative medicine
alternative medicine


adweithegydd

adweithegwyr (plural)
adweithegydd
hadweithegydd (prothesis-h)

/ˌadwei̯ˈθɛɡɨ̞ð/

/ˌadwei̯ˈθeːɡɪð/

/ˌadwei̯ˈθɛɡɪð/

From adweitheg (“reflexology”) + -ydd (“-ist”).


aromatherapydd

cy-noun

aromatherapydd m (plural aromatherapyddion)

aromatherapyddion (plural)
aromatherapydd
haromatherapydd (prothesis-h)

From aromatherapi (“aromatherapy”) + -ydd (“-ist”).


epidemig

/ˌɛpɪˈdɛmɪɡ/


epidemig

cy-adj

epidemig (feminine singular epidemig, plural epidemig, not comparable)

epidemig (feminine singular)
epidemig (plural)
epidemig
hepidemig (prothesis-h)

/ˌɛpɪˈdɛmɪɡ/


pandemig

pandemig (feminine singular pandemig, plural pandemig, not comparable)

pandemig (feminine singular)
pandemig (plural)
pandemig
bandemig (soft)
mhandemig
phandemig


adferiadydd

cy-noun

adferiadydd m (plural adferiadwyr or adferiadyddion)

adferiadwyr (plural)
adferiadyddion (plural)
adferiadydd
hadferiadydd (prothesis-h)

From adferiad (“restoration, recovery”) + -ydd.


rhych

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *perḱ- (“to dig”). Cognate with English furrow and Latin porca (“furrow”).


gwayw

gwewyr (plural)
gweywyr (plural)
gwayw
wayw (soft)
ngwayw

From Proto-Celtic *uɸogaisos, a prefixed derivative of *gaisos (“spear”); compare Old Irish gae (modern Irish ga).


llawfeddyg

llawfeddygon (plural)
llawfeddyg
lawfeddyg (soft)

/ɬau̯ˈvɛðɪɡ/

/ɬau̯ˈvɛðɨ̞ɡ/

/ɬau̯ˈveːðɪɡ/

/ɬau̯ˈvɛðɪɡ/


meddygfa

meddygfeydd (plural)
meddygfa
feddygfa (soft)


cymorth cyntaf

cymorth cyntaf
gymorth cyntaf (soft)
nghymorth cyntaf
chymorth cyntaf

From cymorth (“aid”) + cyntaf (“first”).


mynwes

Huna, blentyn, yn fy mynwes


llawdriniaeth

cy-noun

llawdriniaeth f (plural llawdriniaethau)

llawdriniaethau (plural)
llawdriniaeth
lawdriniaeth (soft)

From llaw (“hand”) + triniaeth (“treatment”). The sense “surgery” is a calque of Ancient Greek χειρουργίᾱ (kheirourgíā), while the sense “manicure” is a calque of French manucure.


clun

cluniau (plural)
clun
glun (soft)
nghlun
chlun

From Middle Welsh clun, from Proto-Brythonic *klʉn (“buttocks”) (whence Cornish clun and Breton klun (“buttocks”)), from Proto-Celtic *klounis, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlównis.


sgerbwd

cy-noun

sgerbwd m (plural sgerbydau, not mutable)


fodca

Borrowed from English vodka, from Russian водка (vodka).


brych

brychau (plural)
brych
frych (soft)
mrych

From Middle Welsh brych, from Proto-Brythonic *brɨx, from Proto-Celtic *brikkos.


brech

brechau (plural)
brechod (plural)
brech
frech (soft)
mrech

(rare, historical) inoculation, vaccination


mwstas

mwstasis (plural)
mwstasys (plural)
mwstas
fwstas (soft)


cnofa

cnofeydd (plural)
cnofa
gnofa (soft)
nghnofa
chnofa


heintio

heintiaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
heinti (future indicative present second-person singular)
heintia (future indicative present singular third-person)
heintiwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
heintiwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
heintiant (future indicative plural present third-person)
heintir (future impersonal indicative present)
heintiwn (conditional first-person singular)
heintiwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
heintit (conditional second-person singular)
heintit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
heintiai (conditional singular third-person)
heintiai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
heintiem (conditional first-person plural)
heintiem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
heintiech (conditional plural second-person)
heintiech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
heintient (conditional plural third-person)
heintient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
heintid (conditional impersonal)
heintid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
heintiais (first-person preterite singular)
heintiaist (preterite second-person singular)
heintiodd (preterite singular third-person)
heintiasom (first-person plural preterite)
heintiasoch (plural preterite second-person)
heintiasant (plural preterite third-person)
heintiwyd (impersonal preterite)
heintiaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
heintiasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
heintiasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
heintiasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
heintiasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
heintiasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
heintiasid (impersonal pluperfect)
heintiesid (impersonal pluperfect)
heintiwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
heintiech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
heintio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
heintiom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
heintioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
heintiont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
heintier (impersonal present subjunctive)
heintia (imperative second-person singular)
heintied (imperative singular third-person)
heintiwn (first-person imperative plural)
heintiwch (imperative plural second-person)
heintient (imperative plural third-person)
heintier (imperative impersonal)
heintio (noun-from-verb)
heintiedig (participle)
heintiadwy (participle)
heintia i (first-person future singular)
heintiaf i (first-person future singular)
heinti di (future second-person singular)
heintith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
heintiff e (future singular third-person)
heintiwn ni (first-person future plural)
heintiwch chi (future plural second-person)
heintian nhw (future plural third-person)
heintiwn i (conditional first-person singular)
heintswn i (conditional first-person singular)
heintiet ti (conditional second-person singular)
heintset ti (conditional second-person singular)
heintiai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
heintsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
heintien ni (conditional first-person plural)
heintsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
heintiech chi (conditional plural second-person)
heintsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
heintien nhw (conditional plural third-person)
heintsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
heintiais i (first-person preterite singular)
heinties i (first-person preterite singular)
heintiaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
heintiest ti (preterite second-person singular)
heintiodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
heintion ni (first-person plural preterite)
heintioch chi (plural preterite second-person)
heintion nhw (plural preterite third-person)
heintia (imperative second-person singular)
heintiwch (imperative plural second-person)


clwyf

clwyfau (plural)
clwyf
glwyf (soft)
nghlwyf
chlwyf


heintrydd

cy-adj

heintrydd (feminine singular heintrydd, plural heintrydd, equative mor heintrydd, comparative mwy heintrydd, superlative mwyaf heintrydd, not mutable)

heintrydd (feminine singular)
heintrydd (plural)
mor heintrydd (equative)
mwy heintrydd (comparative)
mwyaf heintrydd (superlative)

From haint (“infection”) + rhydd (“free”).


heintiad

cy-noun

heintiad m (plural heintiadau, not mutable)

Mae nifer yr heintiadau yn codi'n uwch ac yn uwch.

The number of infections is rising higher and higher.


tawelyn

tawelion (plural)
tawelyn
dawelyn (soft)
nhawelyn
thawelyn


traul

traul m or f (plural treuliau or treulion)

treuliau (plural)
treulion (plural)
traul
draul (soft)
nhraul
thraul


seidr

From Middle Welsh seidr, from Middle English sider, from Old French sidre (“beverage made from fermented apples”), from Medieval Latin sīcera, from Ancient Greek σίκερα (síkera, “fermented liquor, strong drink”), from Hebrew שֵׁכָר (šēḵār, “liquor”).


llindag

From llin (“line”) + tag (“suffocation”).


tagiad

tagiadau (plural)
tagiad
dagiad (soft)
nhagiad
thagiad


trawsblaniad

trawsblaniadau (plural)
trawsblaniad
drawsblaniad (soft)
nhrawsblaniad
thrawsblaniad


simsanrwydd

cy-noun

simsanrwydd m (uncountable, not mutable)


lwyn

Borrowed from Old French loigne or Middle English loyne, ultimately from Latin lumbus (“loin”).

(anatomy) loins (of human being or animal)


hyblyn

hyblyn m (plural hyblynnau, not mutable)

From hẁb (“boost, bush, thrust”) + llyn (“drink; spirit”) under the influence of brechlyn (“vaccine”).

com

"Dwi'n meddwl bod rhaid i ni fod yn realistig - mae yna elfennau, ar hyn o bryd, sy'n bodoli efo'r hyblyn - er enghraifft, sicrhau fod pobl yn cael eu goruchwylio ar ôl ei chael hi," ychwanegodd.

"I think that we have to be realistic - there are issues, at the moment, that exist with the booster - for example, ensuring that people are supervised after having it," he added.


cyffur

cy-noun

cyffur m (plural cyffuriau or cyffurion)

cyffuriau (plural)
cyffurion (plural)
cyffur
gyffur (soft)
nghyffur
chyffur

From earlier cyffurf, from cyf- + ffurf.


brechiad

brechiadau (plural)
brechiad
frechiad (soft)
mrechiad


llengig

llengigoedd (plural)
llengig
lengig (soft)

From llen (“curtain, veil, screen”) + cig (“meat, flesh”).


meddyglyn

meddyglynnau (plural)
meddyglyn
feddyglyn (soft)

→ English: metheglin

From meddyg (“doctor, healer”) + llyn (“drink”).


malaith

cy-noun

malaith m (plural maleithiau or maleithau)

maleithiau (plural)
maleithau (plural)
malaith
falaith (soft)


breuant

breuant m (plural breuannau or breuantau)

breuannau (plural)
breuantau (plural)
breuant
freuant (soft)
mreuant

From Proto-Celtic *brāgants (“neck, throat”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“devour”).


afal breuant

afalau breuant (plural)
afal breuant
hafal breuant (prothesis-h)


stethosgop

stethosgop m (plural stethosgopau, not mutable)

/ˌsdɛθɔsˈɡɔp/

[ˌstɛθɔsˈkɔpʰ]


deintydd

deintyddion (plural)
deintydd
ddeintydd (soft)
neintydd


canolfan iechyd

canolfan iechyd f (plural canolfannau iechyd)

canolfannau iechyd (plural)
canolfan iechyd
ganolfan iechyd (soft)
nghanolfan iechyd
chanolfan iechyd


milfeddyg

milfeddygon (plural)
milfeddyg
filfeddyg (soft)

/mɪlˈvɛðɨ̞ɡ/

/mɪlˈveːðɪɡ/


ceudod

ceudodau (plural)
ceudod
geudod (soft)
ngheudod
cheudod


deubegwn

cy-adj

deubegwn (feminine singular deubegwn, plural deubegwn, equative mor ddeubegwn, comparative mwy deubegwn, superlative mwyaf deubegwn)

deubegwn (feminine singular)
deubegwn (plural)
mor ddeubegwn (equative)
mwy deubegwn (comparative)
mwyaf deubegwn (superlative)
deubegwn
ddeubegwn (soft)
neubegwn


esgair

cy-noun

esgair m (plural esgeiriau or esgeiriedd)

Compare Irish eiscir, from Old Irish escir (“ridge”).


meddygaeth

meddygaethau (plural)
meddygaeth
feddygaeth (soft)

/mɛˈðəɡaɨ̯θ/

/mɛˈðəɡai̯θ/


rhawn

rhawn m (collective, singulative rhawnyn)

rhawn f (collective, singulative rhawnen)

rhawnyn (singulative)
rhawnen (singulative)

Inherited from Proto-Brythonic *rrọn (“horsehair”), from Proto-Celtic *(ɸ)rānos (“mane”). Compare Irish rón (“long hair as from an animal's tail”), Middle Irish róinne, rúainne (“a single hair”).

cog

horsehair, bristles, long coarse animal hair


rhawn

cy-adj

rhawn (feminine singular rhawn, plural rhawn, not comparable)

rhawn (feminine singular)
rhawn (plural)


poenus

poenus (feminine singular poenus, plural poenus, equative mor boenus, comparative mwy poenus, superlative mwyaf poenus)

poenus (feminine singular)
poenus (plural)
mor boenus (equative)
mwy poenus (comparative)
mwyaf poenus (superlative)
poenus
boenus (soft)
mhoenus
phoenus


poenydio

cy-verb

poenydio (first-person singular present poenydiaf)

poenydiaf (first-person present singular)
poenydiiaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
poenydii (future indicative present second-person singular)
poenydiia (future indicative present singular third-person)
poenydiiwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
poenydiiwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
poenydiiant (future indicative plural present third-person)
poenydiir (future impersonal indicative present)
poenydiiwn (conditional first-person singular)
poenydiiwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
poenydiit (conditional second-person singular)
poenydiit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
poenydiiai (conditional singular third-person)
poenydiiai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
poenydiiem (conditional first-person plural)
poenydiiem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
poenydiiech (conditional plural second-person)
poenydiiech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
poenydiient (conditional plural third-person)
poenydiient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
poenydiid (conditional impersonal)
poenydiid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
poenydiiais (first-person preterite singular)
poenydiiaist (preterite second-person singular)
poenydiiodd (preterite singular third-person)
poenydiiasom (first-person plural preterite)
poenydiiasoch (plural preterite second-person)
poenydiiasant (plural preterite third-person)
poenydiiwyd (impersonal preterite)
poenydiiaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
poenydiiasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
poenydiiasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
poenydiiasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
poenydiiasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
poenydiiasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
poenydiiasid (impersonal pluperfect)
poenydiiesid (impersonal pluperfect)
poenydiiwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
poenydiiech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
poenydiio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
poenydiiom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
poenydiioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
poenydiiont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
poenydiier (impersonal present subjunctive)
poenydiia (imperative second-person singular)
poenydiied (imperative singular third-person)
poenydiiwn (first-person imperative plural)
poenydiiwch (imperative plural second-person)
poenydiient (imperative plural third-person)
poenydiier (imperative impersonal)
poenydio (noun-from-verb)
poenydiiedig (participle)
poenydiiadwy (participle)
poenydia i (first-person future singular)
poenydiaf i (first-person future singular)
poenydi di (future second-person singular)
poenydith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
poenydiff e (future singular third-person)
poenydiwn ni (first-person future plural)
poenydiwch chi (future plural second-person)
poenydian nhw (future plural third-person)
poenydiwn i (conditional first-person singular)
poenydswn i (conditional first-person singular)
poenydiet ti (conditional second-person singular)
poenydset ti (conditional second-person singular)
poenydiai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
poenydsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
poenydien ni (conditional first-person plural)
poenydsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
poenydiech chi (conditional plural second-person)
poenydsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
poenydien nhw (conditional plural third-person)
poenydsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
poenydiais i (first-person preterite singular)
poenydies i (first-person preterite singular)
poenydiaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
poenydiest ti (preterite second-person singular)
poenydiodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
poenydion ni (first-person plural preterite)
poenydioch chi (plural preterite second-person)
poenydion nhw (plural preterite third-person)
poenydia (imperative second-person singular)
poenydiwch (imperative plural second-person)
poenydio
boenydio (soft)
mhoenydio
phoenydio

/pɔɨ̯ˈnədjɔ/

Possibly from penydio (“to punish, to torment”) influenced by poen (“pain”).


gwirodlyn

gwirodlynnau (plural)
gwirodlyn
wirodlyn (soft)
ngwirodlyn

gwirod (“spirit”) + llyn (“drink, spirit”)


dyslecsig

cy-adj

dyslecsig (feminine singular dyslecsig, plural dyslecsig, equative mor ddyslecsig, comparative mwy dyslecsig, superlative mwyaf dyslecsig)

dyslecsig (feminine singular)
dyslecsig (plural)
mor ddyslecsig (equative)
mwy dyslecsig (comparative)
mwyaf dyslecsig (superlative)
dyslecsig
ddyslecsig (soft)
nyslecsig


chwysigen

cy-noun

chwysigen f (plural chwysigod, not mutable)

/χwəˈsiːɡɛn/

From Middle Welsh chuyssigen, an alteration (with the suffix -en) of Proto-Brythonic *guɨsig, from Latin vēsīca (“bladder”).


aciwbigo

/ˌakɪu̯ˈbɪɡɔ/

/ˌakɪu̯ˈbiːɡɔ/

/ˌakɪu̯ˈbɪɡɔ/

From English acu(puncture) + pigo (“to pierce, to prick”).


bys bach

bysedd bach (plural)
bys bach
fys bach (soft)
mys bach


bys blaen

bysedd blaen (plural)
bys blaen
fys blaen (soft)
mys blaen


gwlithen

gwlithenni (plural)
gwlithen
wlithen (soft)
ngwlithen


cludwely

cludwelyau (plural)
cludwely
gludwely (soft)
nghludwely
chludwely

stretcher, litter (platform for carrying a person)


ysgithr

ysgithrau (plural)
ysgithr
hysgithr (prothesis-h)

Uncertain. Viredaz tentatively derives the word from a Proto-Celtic *skixtro-, from *skrixtro-, from Proto-Indo-European *skr̥̮p-tro-, from the zero-grade of *(s)kerp- (“to cut, harvest”) (with s-mobile) + *-trom (“instrumental suffix”). However, *(s)kerp- is otherwise absent in Celtic, in addition to all other derivatives lacking the s-mobile.


echdorri

cy-verb

echdorri (first-person singular present exdorraf)

exdorraf (first-person present singular)
echdorraf (first-person future indicative present singular)
echdorri (future indicative present second-person singular)
echdorra (future indicative present singular third-person)
echdorrwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
echdorrwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
echdorrant (future indicative plural present third-person)
echdorrir (future impersonal indicative present)
echdorrwn (conditional first-person singular)
echdorrwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
echdorrit (conditional second-person singular)
echdorrit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
echdorrai (conditional singular third-person)
echdorrai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
echdorrem (conditional first-person plural)
echdorrem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
echdorrech (conditional plural second-person)
echdorrech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
echdorrent (conditional plural third-person)
echdorrent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
echdorrid (conditional impersonal)
echdorrid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
echdorrais (first-person preterite singular)
echdorraist (preterite second-person singular)
echdorrodd (preterite singular third-person)
echdorasom (first-person plural preterite)
echdorasoch (plural preterite second-person)
echdorasant (plural preterite third-person)
echdorrwyd (impersonal preterite)
echdoraswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
echdorasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
echdorasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
echdorasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
echdorasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
echdorasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
echdorasid (impersonal pluperfect)
echdoresid (impersonal pluperfect)
echdorrwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
echdorrych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
echdorro (present singular subjunctive third-person)
echdorrom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
echdorroch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
echdorront (plural present subjunctive third-person)
echdorrer (impersonal present subjunctive)
echdorra (imperative second-person singular)
echdorred (imperative singular third-person)
echdorrwn (first-person imperative plural)
echdorrwch (imperative plural second-person)
echdorrent (imperative plural third-person)
echdorrer (imperative impersonal)
echdorri (noun-from-verb)
echdoredig (participle)
echdoradwy (participle)
echdorra i (first-person future singular)
echdorraf i (first-person future singular)
echdorri di (future second-person singular)
echdorrith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
echdorriff e (future singular third-person)
echdorrwn ni (first-person future plural)
echdorrwch chi (future plural second-person)
echdorran nhw (future plural third-person)
echdorrwn i (conditional first-person singular)
echdorrswn i (conditional first-person singular)
echdorret ti (conditional second-person singular)
echdorrset ti (conditional second-person singular)
echdorrai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
echdorrsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
echdorren ni (conditional first-person plural)
echdorrsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
echdorrech chi (conditional plural second-person)
echdorrsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
echdorren nhw (conditional plural third-person)
echdorrsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
echdorrais i (first-person preterite singular)
echdorres i (first-person preterite singular)
echdorraist ti (preterite second-person singular)
echdorrest ti (preterite second-person singular)
echdorrodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
echdorron ni (first-person plural preterite)
echdorroch chi (plural preterite second-person)
echdorron nhw (plural preterite third-person)
echdorra (imperative second-person singular)
echdorrwch (imperative plural second-person)
echdorri
hechdorri (prothesis-h)

From ech- (“out-, ex-”) + torri (“to cut”).


bogail

cy-noun

bogail m or f (plural bogeiliau or bogelau)

bogeiliau (plural)
bogelau (plural)
bogail
fogail (soft)
mogail


rhedweli

rhedweli m or f (plural rhedwelïau or rhedwelïoedd)

rhedwelïau (plural)
rhedwelïoedd (plural)
rhedweli
redweli (soft)

rhed- (“run”) + gweli (“bleeding wound”).


cymalol

cy-adj

cymalol (feminine singular cymalol, plural cymalol, equative mor gymalol, comparative mwy cymalol, superlative mwyaf cymalol)

cymalol (feminine singular)
cymalol (plural)
mor gymalol (equative)
mwy cymalol (comparative)
mwyaf cymalol (superlative)
cymalol
gymalol (soft)
nghymalol
chymalol


sawr

cy-noun

sawr m or f (plural sawrau, not mutable)

From Middle English savour, itself from Old French savor, savour.


arogl

arogl m or f (plural aroglau or arogleuon)

Rebracketing of aroglau as arogl + -au (“plural suffix”).


gloes

gloes f (plural gloesau or gloesiau or gloeson or gloesion or gloesoedd or gloesydd)

gloesau (plural)
gloesiau (plural)
gloeson (plural)
gloesion (plural)
gloesoedd (plural)
gloesydd (plural)
gloes
loes (soft)
ngloes


gôr

From Proto-Brythonic *gwor, from Proto-Celtic *gʷoros (“brooding, pus”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”).


crach

cy-noun

crach f (collective, singulative crachen)

crachen (singulative)
crach
grach (soft)
nghrach
chrach


sbot angau

sbot angau m (plural sbotiau angau, not mutable)


sbot haf

sbot haf m (plural sbotiau haf, not mutable)


ploryn

ploryn m (plural plorod or plorynnod or plorynnau)

plorod (plural)
plorynnod (plural)
plorynnau (plural)
ploryn
bloryn (soft)
mhloryn
phloryn


erthyl

erthylod (plural)
erthyl
herthyl (prothesis-h)

Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben

From Proto-Celtic *artilā, from Proto-Indo-European *perh₃- (“to produce, beget”). Cognate with Latin pariō (“to bear, to give birth”).


camesgoriad

camesgoriadau (plural)
camesgoriad
gamesgoriad (soft)
nghamesgoriad
chamesgoriad

From camesgor (“to miscarry”) + -iad or cam- + esgoriad (“birth”).


erthylus

cy-adj

erthylus (feminine singular erthylus, plural erthylus, equative erthylused, comparative erthylusach, superlative erthylusaf)

erthylus (feminine singular)
erthylus (plural)
erthylused (equative)
erthylusach (comparative)
erthylusaf (superlative)
erthylus
herthylus (prothesis-h)


erthylu

cy-verb

erthylu (first-person singular present ethylaf)

ethylaf (first-person present singular)
erthylaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
erthyli (future indicative present second-person singular)
erthyl (future indicative present singular third-person)
erthyla (future indicative present singular third-person)
erthylwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
erthylwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
erthylant (future indicative plural present third-person)
erthylir (future impersonal indicative present)
erthylwn (conditional first-person singular)
erthylwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
erthylit (conditional second-person singular)
erthylit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
erthylai (conditional singular third-person)
erthylai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
erthylem (conditional first-person plural)
erthylem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
erthylech (conditional plural second-person)
erthylech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
erthylent (conditional plural third-person)
erthylent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
erthylid (conditional impersonal)
erthylid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
erthylais (first-person preterite singular)
erthylaist (preterite second-person singular)
erthylodd (preterite singular third-person)
erthylasom (first-person plural preterite)
erthylasoch (plural preterite second-person)
erthylasant (plural preterite third-person)
erthylwyd (impersonal preterite)
erthylaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
erthylasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
erthylasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
erthylasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
erthylasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
erthylasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
erthylasid (impersonal pluperfect)
erthylesid (impersonal pluperfect)
erthylwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
erthylych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
erthylo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
erthylom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
erthyloch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
erthylont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
erthyler (impersonal present subjunctive)
erthyl (imperative second-person singular)
erthyla (imperative second-person singular)
erthyled (imperative singular third-person)
erthylwn (first-person imperative plural)
erthylwch (imperative plural second-person)
erthylent (imperative plural third-person)
erthyler (imperative impersonal)
erthylu (noun-from-verb)
erthyledig (participle)
erthyladwy (participle)
erthyla i (first-person future singular)
erthylaf i (first-person future singular)
erthyli di (future second-person singular)
erthylith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
erthyliff e (future singular third-person)
erthylwn ni (first-person future plural)
erthylwch chi (future plural second-person)
erthylan nhw (future plural third-person)
erthylwn i (conditional first-person singular)
erthylswn i (conditional first-person singular)
erthylet ti (conditional second-person singular)
erthylset ti (conditional second-person singular)
erthylai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
erthylsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
erthylen ni (conditional first-person plural)
erthylsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
erthylech chi (conditional plural second-person)
erthylsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
erthylen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
erthylsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
erthylais i (first-person preterite singular)
erthyles i (first-person preterite singular)
erthylaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
erthylest ti (preterite second-person singular)
erthylodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
erthylon ni (first-person plural preterite)
erthyloch chi (plural preterite second-person)
erthylon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
erthyla (imperative second-person singular)
erthylwch (imperative plural second-person)
erthylu
herthylu (prothesis-h)


erthyliad

camesgoriadau (plural)
erthyliad
herthyliad (prothesis-h)


esgori

esgori (first-person singular present esgoraf)

esgoraf (first-person present singular)
esgoraf (first-person future indicative present singular)
esgori (future indicative present second-person singular)
esgor (future indicative present singular third-person)
esgora (future indicative present singular third-person)
esgorwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
esgorwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
esgorant (future indicative plural present third-person)
esgorir (future impersonal indicative present)
esgorwn (conditional first-person singular)
esgorwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
esgorit (conditional second-person singular)
esgorit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
esgorai (conditional singular third-person)
esgorai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
esgorem (conditional first-person plural)
esgorem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
esgorech (conditional plural second-person)
esgorech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
esgorent (conditional plural third-person)
esgorent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
esgorid (conditional impersonal)
esgorid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
esgorais (first-person preterite singular)
esgoraist (preterite second-person singular)
esgorodd (preterite singular third-person)
esgorasom (first-person plural preterite)
esgorasoch (plural preterite second-person)
esgorasant (plural preterite third-person)
esgorwyd (impersonal preterite)
esgoraswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
esgorasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
esgorasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
esgorasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
esgorasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
esgorasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
esgorasid (impersonal pluperfect)
esgoresid (impersonal pluperfect)
esgorwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
esgorych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
esgoro (present singular subjunctive third-person)
esgorom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
esgoroch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
esgoront (plural present subjunctive third-person)
esgorer (impersonal present subjunctive)
esgor (imperative second-person singular)
esgora (imperative second-person singular)
esgored (imperative singular third-person)
esgorwn (first-person imperative plural)
esgorwch (imperative plural second-person)
esgorent (imperative plural third-person)
esgorer (imperative impersonal)
esgori (noun-from-verb)
esgoredig (participle)
esgoradwy (participle)
esgora i (first-person future singular)
esgoraf i (first-person future singular)
esgori di (future second-person singular)
esgorith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
esgoriff e (future singular third-person)
esgorwn ni (first-person future plural)
esgorwch chi (future plural second-person)
esgoran nhw (future plural third-person)
esgorwn i (conditional first-person singular)
esgorswn i (conditional first-person singular)
esgoret ti (conditional second-person singular)
esgorset ti (conditional second-person singular)
esgorai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
esgorsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
esgoren ni (conditional first-person plural)
esgorsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
esgorech chi (conditional plural second-person)
esgorsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
esgoren nhw (conditional plural third-person)
esgorsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
esgorais i (first-person preterite singular)
esgores i (first-person preterite singular)
esgoraist ti (preterite second-person singular)
esgorest ti (preterite second-person singular)
esgorodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
esgoron ni (first-person plural preterite)
esgoroch chi (plural preterite second-person)
esgoron nhw (plural preterite third-person)
esgora (imperative second-person singular)
esgorwch (imperative plural second-person)
esgori
hesgori (prothesis-h)


esgoriad

esgoriadau (plural)
esgoriad
hesgoriad (prothesis-h)


pennyg

cy-noun

pennyg f (collective, singulative penhygen)

penhygen (singulative)
pennyg
bennyg (soft)
mhennyg
phennyg

Borrowed from Latin pantex (“belly, guts”).


uwdfys

uwdfysedd (plural)
uwdfys
huwdfys (prothesis-h)

/ˈɨ̞u̯dvɨ̞s/


gwirf

Coined by Welsh antiquarian and grammarian William Owen Pughe from gwyrf (“virginal, pure”).


camesgor

cy-verb

camesgor (first-person singular present camesgoraf)

camesgoraf (first-person present singular)
camesgoraf (first-person future indicative present singular)
camesgori (future indicative present second-person singular)
camesgor (future indicative present singular third-person)
camesgora (future indicative present singular third-person)
camesgorwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
camesgorwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
camesgorant (future indicative plural present third-person)
camesgorir (future impersonal indicative present)
camesgorwn (conditional first-person singular)
camesgorwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
camesgorit (conditional second-person singular)
camesgorit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
camesgorai (conditional singular third-person)
camesgorai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
camesgorem (conditional first-person plural)
camesgorem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
camesgorech (conditional plural second-person)
camesgorech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
camesgorent (conditional plural third-person)
camesgorent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
camesgorid (conditional impersonal)
camesgorid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
camesgorais (first-person preterite singular)
camesgoraist (preterite second-person singular)
camesgorodd (preterite singular third-person)
camesgorasom (first-person plural preterite)
camesgorasoch (plural preterite second-person)
camesgorasant (plural preterite third-person)
camesgorwyd (impersonal preterite)
camesgoraswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
camesgorasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
camesgorasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
camesgorasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
camesgorasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
camesgorasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
camesgorasid (impersonal pluperfect)
camesgoresid (impersonal pluperfect)
camesgorwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
camesgorych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
camesgoro (present singular subjunctive third-person)
camesgorom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
camesgoroch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
camesgoront (plural present subjunctive third-person)
camesgorer (impersonal present subjunctive)
camesgor (imperative second-person singular)
camesgora (imperative second-person singular)
camesgored (imperative singular third-person)
camesgorwn (first-person imperative plural)
camesgorwch (imperative plural second-person)
camesgorent (imperative plural third-person)
camesgorer (imperative impersonal)
camesgor (noun-from-verb)
camesgoredig (participle)
camesgoradwy (participle)
camesgora i (first-person future singular)
camesgoraf i (first-person future singular)
camesgori di (future second-person singular)
camesgorith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
camesgoriff e (future singular third-person)
camesgorwn ni (first-person future plural)
camesgorwch chi (future plural second-person)
camesgoran nhw (future plural third-person)
camesgorwn i (conditional first-person singular)
camesgorswn i (conditional first-person singular)
camesgoret ti (conditional second-person singular)
camesgorset ti (conditional second-person singular)
camesgorai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
camesgorsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
camesgoren ni (conditional first-person plural)
camesgorsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
camesgorech chi (conditional plural second-person)
camesgorsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
camesgoren nhw (conditional plural third-person)
camesgorsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
camesgorais i (first-person preterite singular)
camesgores i (first-person preterite singular)
camesgoraist ti (preterite second-person singular)
camesgorest ti (preterite second-person singular)
camesgorodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
camesgoron ni (first-person plural preterite)
camesgoroch chi (plural preterite second-person)
camesgoron nhw (plural preterite third-person)
camesgora (imperative second-person singular)
camesgorwch (imperative plural second-person)
camesgor
gamesgor (soft)
nghamesgor
chamesgor

From cam- (“mis, mal-”) + esgor (“to give birth”).


crychiad

crychiadau (plural)
crychiad
grychiad (soft)
nghrychiad
chrychiad

(agriculture, phytopathology) curl, plant disease that causes leaves to shrivel, esp. potato leafroll virus


llwglyd

cy-adj

llwglyd (feminine singular llwglyd, plural llwglyd, equative mor lwglyd, comparative mwy llwglyd, superlative mwyaf llwglyd)

llwglyd (feminine singular)
llwglyd (plural)
mor lwglyd (equative)
mwy llwglyd (comparative)
mwyaf llwglyd (superlative)
llwglyd
lwglyd (soft)


llwg

possibly related to llwgu (“to starve”).


marwdon

cy-noun

marwdon m or f (collective, singulative marwdonnen)

marwdonnen (singulative)
marwdon
farwdon (soft)


craith

creithiau (plural)
creithau (plural)
craith
graith (soft)
nghraith
chraith

From Middle Welsh creith, from Proto-Celtic *krenxtus. Cognate with Scottish Gaelic creuchd and Irish créacht (“gash”).

creithig

small scar; shepherd's needle (Scandix pecten-veneris)


craith unnos

craith unnos f (plural creithiau or creithau)

creithiau (plural)
creithau (plural)
craith unnos
graith unnos (soft)
nghraith unnos
chraith unnos

craith + unnos. Literally “one night's scar”.

(pathology, idiomatic) rapidly healing scar


meinwe craith

meinwe craith f (plural meinweoedd craith)

meinweoedd craith (plural)
meinwe craith
feinwe craith (soft)


canser

canserau (plural)
canser
ganser (soft)
nghanser
chanser

Borrowed from English cancer. Doublet of cancr.


arlais

arleisiau (plural)
arlais
harlais (prothesis-h)


trosglwyddiad

trosglwyddiad m (plural trosglwyddiadau)

trosglwyddiadau (plural)
trosglwyddiad
drosglwyddiad (soft)
nhrosglwyddiad
throsglwyddiad


ofari

ofarïau (plural)
ofari
hofari (prothesis-h)


wyfa

wyfa f (plural wyfaoedd or wyfeydd or wyfâu)

wyfaoedd (plural)
wyfeydd (plural)
wyfâu (plural)
wyfa
hwyfa (prothesis-h)


priapaeth

priapaethau (plural)
priapaeth
briapaeth (soft)
mhriapaeth
phriapaeth


llostchwydd

llostchwyddau (plural)
llostchwydd
lostchwydd (soft)

/ˈɬɔsdχwɨ̞ð/

[ˈɬɔstχwɨ̞ð]

/ˈɬɔsdχʊi̯ð/

[ˈɬɔstχʊi̯ð]

llost (“tail, penis”) + chwydd (“swelling, protuberance”).


llostgyfod

/ɬɔsdˈɡəvɔd/

llost (“tail, penis”) + cyfod (“raising, erection”).


manflew

cy-noun

manflew m (collective, singulative manflewyn)

manflewyn (singulative)
manflew
fanflew (soft)


goflew

goflew m (collective, singulative goflewyn)

goflewyn (singulative)
goflew
oflew (soft)
ngoflew


blew llygaid

blew llygaid m (collective, singulative blewyn llygaid)

blewyn llygaid (singulative)
blew llygaid
flew llygaid (soft)
mlew llygaid

gweld blew ei lygaid

to mistakenly believe one sees things; to seen one's eyelashes


blew amrant

blew amrant m (collective, singulative blewyn amrant)

blewyn amrant (singulative)
blew amrant
flew amrant (soft)
mlew amrant


amranflew

amranflew m (collective, singulative amranflewyn)

amranflewyn (singulative)
amranflew
hamranflew (prothesis-h)


chwarren y ffolen

chwarren y ffolen f (plural chwarennau'r ffolen, not mutable)

chwarren (“gland”) + ffolen (“buttock, haunch”).


chwarren lymff

chwarren lymff f (plural chwarennau lymff, not mutable)


chwarren lymffatig

chwarren lymffatig f (plural chwarennau lymffatig, not mutable)

chwarren (“gland”) + lymffatig (“lymphatic”).


chwarren adrenal

chwarren adrenal f (plural chwarennau adrenal, not mutable)


chwarren chwys

chwarren chwys f (plural chwarennau chwys, not mutable)


chwarren laeth

chwarren laeth f (plural chwarennau llaeth, not mutable)


chwarren boer

chwarren boer f (plural chwarennau chwys, not mutable)


chwarren felynwy

chwarren felynwy f (plural chwarennau melynwy, not mutable)


chwarren fwcaidd

chwarren fwcaidd f (plural chwarennau mwcaidd, not mutable)

chwarren (“gland”) + mwcaidd (“mucous”).


chwarren gastrig

chwarren gastrig f (plural chwarennau gastrig, not mutable)

chwarren (“gland”) + gastrig (“gastric”).


chwarren bitwidol

chwarren bitwidol f (plural chwarennau pitwidol, not mutable)

chwarren (“gland”) + pitwidol (“pituitary”).


chwarren brostad

chwarren brostad f (plural chwarennau prostad, not mutable)

chwarren (“gland”) + prostad (“prostate”).


chwarren Cowper

chwarren Cowper f (plural chwarennau Cowper, not mutable)

chwarren (“gland”) + named after English surgeon and anatomist William Cowper (1666–1709).


chwarren islygadol

cy-noun

chwarren islygadol f (plural chwarennau islygadol, not mutable)

chwarren (“gland”) + islygadol (“infraorbital”).


chwarren sebwm

chwarren sebwm f (plural chwarennau sebwm, not mutable)


chwarren thyroid

chwarren thyroid f (plural chwarennau thyroid, not mutable)


chwarren ecdysaidd

chwarren ecdysaidd f (plural chwarennau ecdysaidd, not mutable)

chwarren (“gland”) + ecdysaidd (“relating to ecdysis”).


chwarren endocrin

chwarren endocrin f (plural chwarennau ecsocrin, not mutable)

chwarren (“gland”) + endocrin (“endocrine”).


chwarren ecsocrin

chwarren ecsocrin f (plural chwarennau ecsocrin, not mutable)

chwarren (“gland”) + ecsocrin (“exocrine”).


chwarenglwyf

chwarenglwyf f (uncountable, not mutable)

/ˌχwarɛŋˈɡluːɨ̯v/

/ˌχwarɛŋˈɡlʊi̯v/

chwarren (“gland”) + clwyf (“sickness”).


pitwidol

cy-adj

pitwidol (feminine singular pitwidol, plural pitwidol, equative mor bitwidol, comparative mwy pitwidol, superlative mwyaf pitwidol)

pitwidol (feminine singular)
pitwidol (plural)
mor bitwidol (equative)
mwy pitwidol (comparative)
mwyaf pitwidol (superlative)
pitwidol
bitwidol (soft)
mhitwidol
phitwidol

af

English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">pituitary</i>


prostad

prostadau (plural)
prostad
brostad (soft)
mhrostad
phrostad


esgor

cy-verb

esgor (first-person singular present esgoraf)

esgoraf (first-person present singular)
esgoraf (first-person future indicative present singular)
esgori (future indicative present second-person singular)
esgor (future indicative present singular third-person)
esgora (future indicative present singular third-person)
esgorwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
esgorwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
esgorant (future indicative plural present third-person)
esgorir (future impersonal indicative present)
esgorwn (conditional first-person singular)
esgorwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
esgorit (conditional second-person singular)
esgorit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
esgorai (conditional singular third-person)
esgorai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
esgorem (conditional first-person plural)
esgorem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
esgorech (conditional plural second-person)
esgorech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
esgorent (conditional plural third-person)
esgorent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
esgorid (conditional impersonal)
esgorid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
esgorais (first-person preterite singular)
esgoraist (preterite second-person singular)
esgorodd (preterite singular third-person)
esgorasom (first-person plural preterite)
esgorasoch (plural preterite second-person)
esgorasant (plural preterite third-person)
esgorwyd (impersonal preterite)
esgoraswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
esgorasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
esgorasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
esgorasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
esgorasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
esgorasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
esgorasid (impersonal pluperfect)
esgoresid (impersonal pluperfect)
esgorwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
esgorych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
esgoro (present singular subjunctive third-person)
esgorom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
esgoroch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
esgoront (plural present subjunctive third-person)
esgorer (impersonal present subjunctive)
esgor (imperative second-person singular)
esgora (imperative second-person singular)
esgored (imperative singular third-person)
esgorwn (first-person imperative plural)
esgorwch (imperative plural second-person)
esgorent (imperative plural third-person)
esgorer (imperative impersonal)
esgor (noun-from-verb)
esgoredig (participle)
esgoradwy (participle)
esgora i (first-person future singular)
esgoraf i (first-person future singular)
esgori di (future second-person singular)
esgorith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
esgoriff e (future singular third-person)
esgorwn ni (first-person future plural)
esgorwch chi (future plural second-person)
esgoran nhw (future plural third-person)
esgorwn i (conditional first-person singular)
esgorswn i (conditional first-person singular)
esgoret ti (conditional second-person singular)
esgorset ti (conditional second-person singular)
esgorai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
esgorsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
esgoren ni (conditional first-person plural)
esgorsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
esgorech chi (conditional plural second-person)
esgorsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
esgoren nhw (conditional plural third-person)
esgorsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
esgorais i (first-person preterite singular)
esgores i (first-person preterite singular)
esgoraist ti (preterite second-person singular)
esgorest ti (preterite second-person singular)
esgorodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
esgoron ni (first-person plural preterite)
esgoroch chi (plural preterite second-person)
esgoron nhw (plural preterite third-person)
esgora (imperative second-person singular)
esgorwch (imperative plural second-person)
esgor
hesgor (prothesis-h)

Alternative form of esgori (“to give birth”)


dannodd

Alternative form of dannoedd (“toothache”)


cur pen

cy-noun

cur pen f (plural curiau pen or curau pen)

curiau pen (plural)
curau pen (plural)
cur pen
gur pen (soft)
nghur pen
chur pen

(South Wales)

Mae gen i gur pen.


pen tost

pennau tost (plural)
pen tost
ben tost (soft)
mhen tost
phen tost

(North Wales)

Mae pen tost 'da fi.


palf

palfau (plural)
palf
balf (soft)
mhalf
phalf

Borrowed from Latin palma (“palm”). Cognate with Cornish palv. Doublet of llaw.


bys llaw

bys llaw m (plural bysedd llaw or bysedd dwylo)

bysedd llaw (plural)
bysedd dwylo (plural)
bys llaw
fys llaw (soft)
mys llaw

(anatomy) finger (when specified in contradistinction with a toe)


troedfys

traedfysedd (plural)
troedfys
droedfys (soft)
nhroedfys
throedfys

(anatomy, obsolete) toe (when specified in contradistinction with a finger)


briger

briger m (collective, singulative brigeryn)

brigeryn (singulative)
briger
friger (soft)
mriger


cawod goch briger Gwener

cawod goch briger Gwener
gawod goch briger Gwener (soft)
nghawod goch briger Gwener
chawod goch briger Gwener

y gawod goch (“rust, red blight”) + briger Gwener (“maidenhair ferns”).

Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd
w:Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd

Gwasg Carreg Gwalch
w:Gwasg Carreg Gwalch

(phytopathology) maidenhair rust (Hyalopsora adianti-capilli-veneris)


cawod goch

y gawod goch (canonical feminine)
cawod goch
gawod goch (soft)
nghawod goch
chawod goch

(phytopathology) rust, rubigo, red-colored fungal infection of plants


cawod goch rhedynen gorniog

cawod goch rhedynen gorniog
gawod goch rhedynen gorniog (soft)
nghawod goch rhedynen gorniog
chawod goch rhedynen gorniog

y gawod goch (“rust, red blight”) + rhedynen gorniog (“beech fern”).

(phytopathology) beech fern rust (Uredinopsis filicina)


glesni

(pathology) chlorosis, green sickness (anaemia characterised by skin turning green)

(phytopathology) chlorosis (yellowing or blanching of plant tissue due to chlorophyll deficiency)


glasglwyf

y glasglwyf (canonical masculine)
glasglwyf
lasglwyf (soft)
nglasglwyf

From glas (“green”) + clwyf (“sickness”).


glaswst

y laswst (canonical feminine)
glaswst
laswst (soft)
nglaswst


malltod

mall (“pestilence, blight”) + -dod (“-ness”).


tarddiant

tarddiannau (plural)
tarddiant
darddiant (soft)
nharddiant
tharddiant

From tarddu (“to emerge, to spring”) + -iant.


cawod goch tormaen

cawod goch tormaen
gawod goch tormaen (soft)
nghawod goch tormaen
chawod goch tormaen

y gawod goch (“rust, red blight”) + tormaen (“saxifrage”).

(phytopathology) saxifrage rust (Melampsora vernalis)


parddu tormaen

parddu tormaen
barddu tormaen (soft)
mharddu tormaen
pharddu tormaen

parddu (“smut”) + tormaen (“saxifrage”).

(phytopathology) saxifrage smut (Entyloma chrysosplenii)


rhwd marchredyn

(phytopathology) male fern rust (Milesina carpatorum)


treulfwyd

treulfwyd
dreulfwyd (soft)
nhreulfwyd
threulfwyd

From traul (“digestion”) + bwyd (“food”).


rhwd

Perhaps from Proto-Celtic *rutu-, as in the placename Rutupiae.


llaw dde

Gwynebu partner a dal dwylo de i dde a chwith i chwith.

Face your partner and take their right hands in your right and their left in your left.


rhwymyn tynhau

cy-noun

rhwymyn tynhau m (plural rhwymynnau tynhau)

rhwymynnau tynhau (plural)
rhwymyn tynhau
rwymyn tynhau (soft)


anhwylder personoliaeth gwrthgymdeithasol m (uncountable)

antisocial personality disorder
antisocial personality disorder