y

The name of the Latin-script letter Y/y.


plant

cy-noun

plant m (collective, singulative plentyn)

plentyn (singulative)
plant
blant (soft)
mhlant
phlant

From Old Welsh plant, from Latin planta.


en

The name of the Latin-script letter N/n.


el

The name of the Latin-script letter L/l.


i

The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.


pi

The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.


o

The name of the Latin-script letter O/o.


amethyst

amethystau (plural)
amethyst
hamethyst (prothesis-h)


dug

Borrowed from Middle English duk, itself a borrowing from Old French duc, from Latin dux.


pin

pinnau (plural)
pin
bin (soft)
mhin
phin


er

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

The name of the Latin-script letter R/r.


bi

The name of the Latin-script letter B/b.


gem

cy-noun

gem m or f (plural gemau, diminutive gemyn or gemen)

gemau (plural)
gemyn (diminutive)
gemen (diminutive)
gem
em (soft)
ngem


w

The name of the Latin-script letter W/w.


u

The name of the Latin-script letter U/u.


e

The name of the Latin-script letter E/e.


brat

brat f (plural bratiau or bratau, diminutive bretyn)

bratiau (plural)
bratau (plural)
bretyn (diminutive)
brat
frat (soft)
mrat

Middle English bratt (“cloak”) or from Middle Irish bratt.


eng

The name of the Latin-script letter Ng/ng.


em

The name of the Latin-script letter M/m.


bach

From Middle Welsh and Old Welsh bach, from Proto-Celtic *bakkos, from Proto-Indo-European *bak-.


ce

The name of the Latin-script letter K/k.


ti

The name of the Latin-script letter T/t.


staff

staff (employees of a business; commanding officers)


onion

onionyn (singulative)
onion
honion (prothesis-h)


je

The name of the Latin-script letter J/j.


ser

ser m (plural serrod or serroedd, not mutable)

From Old Welsh serr, Proto-Celtic *serrā. Cf. Middle Irish serr.


Celt

Celt m (plural Celtiaid, feminine Celtes)

Celtiaid (plural)
Celtes (feminine)
Celt
Gelt (soft)
Nghelt
Chelt


alcohol

alcoholau (plural)
alcohol
halcohol (prothesis-h)

From English alcohol, from Middle French alcohol or Spanish alcohol, from the Medieval Latin rendering alcohol of Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”).


coma

comas (plural)
coma
goma (soft)
nghoma
choma


di

The name of the Latin-script letter D/d.


arf

From Middle Welsh arf, from Proto-Brythonic *arβ̃, borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin arma.


cantor

cantor f (plural cantorion or cantoriaid, feminine cantores)

cantorion (plural)
cantoriaid (plural)
cantores (feminine)
cantor
gantor (soft)
nghantor
chantor

From Middle Welsh kantor, from Latin cantor.


origami

/ˌɔrɪˈɡaːmi/

From English origami, from Japanese 折り紙.


abad

abadau (plural)
abad
habad (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh abat, from Proto-Brythonic *abad, from Ecclesiastical Latin abbās, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אַבָּא (’abbā, “father”).


putain

puteiniaid (plural)
putain
butain (soft)
mhutain
phutain

From Old French putain, originally the oblique case of pute (“dirty woman”) formed with the suffix -ain, from Vulgar Latin putta, from Latin puta (“girl”). Cognate with French putain, Italian puttana.


plu

plu f (collective, singulative pluen or plufen)

pluen (singulative)
plufen (singulative)
plu
blu (soft)
mhlu
phlu

From Middle Welsh pluf, from Proto-Brythonic *plʉβ̃, a borrowing from Latin plūma (“feather”). Cognate with Cornish pluv, Breton pluñv.

plu'r gweinydd

common cottongrass, Erophorum angustifolium


cyẅres

cywresau (plural)
cyẅres
gyẅres (soft)
nghyẅres
chyẅres


Arab

Arab m (plural Arabs or Arabiaid, feminine Arabes)

Arabs (plural)
Arabiaid (plural)
Arabes (feminine)

Internationalism. Borrowed from English Arab.


cog

From Middle Welsh coc, from Proto-Brythonic *kog, ultimately imitative, similar to Old High German kā (“crow, jackdaw”), Middle Low German kâ (“crow, jackdaw”).

onomatopoeic

imitative

Cuculus canorus
Cuculus canorus#Translingual

especially common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus)


tad

From Proto-Brythonic *tad, from Proto-Celtic *tatos.


fest

cy-noun

fest f (plural festiau or fests or festys, not mutable)

festiau (plural)
fests (plural)
festys (plural)


caws

From Middle Welsh caws, from Old Welsh caus, from Proto-Brythonic *kọs, a borrowing from Latin cāseus. Cognate with Cornish keus, Breton keuz.


pesto

Borrowed from English pesto, from Italian pesto.


fi

The name of the Latin-script letter V/v.


dynes

dynesau (plural)
dynes
ddynes (soft)
nynes

From dyn (“man; person”) + -es (feminine suffix).


bachgennes

bachgenesau (plural)
bachgennes
fachgennes (soft)
machgennes

From bachgen (“boy”) + -es (feminine suffix).


geneth

genethod (plural)
geneth
eneth (soft)
ngeneth

From Proto-Brythonic *genettā (“daughter”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-.


bachgen

cy-noun

bachgen m (plural bechgyn or bachgennod or bechgennod)

bechgyn (plural)
bachgennod (plural)
bechgennod (plural)
bachgen
fachgen (soft)
machgen

From bach; the second element appears to be from Proto-Celtic *keneti, from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (compare Welsh cenedl (“nation, tribe, clan, kindred”)).

cog

boy, lad, youngster, servant, young man, son, child


Cymreig

cy-adj

Cymreig (feminine singular Cymreig, plural Cymreig, not comparable)

Cymreig (feminine singular)
Cymreig (plural)
Cymreig
Gymreig (soft)
Nghymreig
Chymreig

From Proto-Brythonic *kumrėɣig, from *kömroɣ (“comrade, compatriot”), equivalent to Cymro (“Welshman”) + -eg (“of a language”).

suffix

Welsh; of Wales or the Welsh culture (but not of the Welsh language)


geiriadur

geiriaduron (plural)
geiriadur
eiriadur (soft)
ngeiriadur


hiraeth

cy-noun

hiraeth m (plural hiraethau or hiraethion, not mutable)

From Proto-Brythonic *hiraɨθ, from Proto-Celtic *sīraxto-, akin to Gaulish siraxta (“longing”). Compare Cornish hireth, Breton hiraezh, and Old Irish sírecht. By surface analysis, hir + -aeth.

wistfulness; nostalgia; longing; homesickness; a deep feeling of yearning for something, someone or somewhere


colomen

colomennod (plural)
colomen
golomen (soft)
ngholomen
cholomen

From Middle Welsh colomen, from Proto-Brythonic *kolom (from Latin columba) + -en.

a sloven in finery (one who dresses well but keeps a dirty house)


baban

babanod (plural)
baban
faban (soft)
maban

Middle English baban, babe, from Old English *baba


mentor

mentoriaid (plural)
mentor
fentor (soft)


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called acen ddisgynedig (“descended accent”) in Welsh, and found on À/à, È/è, Ì/ì, Ò/ò, Ù/ù, Ẁ/ẁ and Ỳ/ỳ.


sur

cy-adj

sur (feminine singular sur, plural surion, equative sured, comparative surach, superlative suraf, not mutable)

sur (feminine singular)
surion (plural)
sured (equative)
surach (comparative)
suraf (superlative)


warden

cy-noun

warden m (plural wardeniaid or wardeiniaid, not mutable)

wardeniaid (plural)
wardeiniaid (plural)


caru

cy-verb

caru (first-person singular present caraf)

caraf (first-person present singular)
caraf (first-person future indicative present singular)
ceri (future indicative present second-person singular)
câr (future indicative present singular third-person)
cara (future indicative present singular third-person)
carwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
cerwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
carwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
carant (future indicative plural present third-person)
cerir (future impersonal indicative present)
carwn (conditional first-person singular)
carwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
carit (conditional second-person singular)
carit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
carai (conditional singular third-person)
carai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
carem (conditional first-person plural)
carem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
carech (conditional plural second-person)
carech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
carent (conditional plural third-person)
carent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
cerid (conditional impersonal)
cerid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
cerais (first-person preterite singular)
ceraist (preterite second-person singular)
carodd (preterite singular third-person)
carasom (first-person plural preterite)
carasoch (plural preterite second-person)
carasant (plural preterite third-person)
carwyd (impersonal preterite)
caraswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
carasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
carasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
carasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
carasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
carasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
carasid (impersonal pluperfect)
caresid (impersonal pluperfect)
carwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cerych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
caro (present singular subjunctive third-person)
carom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
caroch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
caront (plural present subjunctive third-person)
carer (impersonal present subjunctive)
cara (imperative second-person singular)
cared (imperative singular third-person)
carwn (first-person imperative plural)
cerwch (imperative plural second-person)
carwch (imperative plural second-person)
carent (imperative plural third-person)
carer (imperative impersonal)
caru (noun-from-verb)
caredig (participle)
caradwy (participle)
cara i (first-person future singular)
caraf i (first-person future singular)
cari di (future second-person singular)
carith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
cariff e (future singular third-person)
carwn ni (first-person future plural)
carwch chi (future plural second-person)
caran nhw (future plural third-person)
carwn i (conditional first-person singular)
carswn i (conditional first-person singular)
caret ti (conditional second-person singular)
carset ti (conditional second-person singular)
carai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
carsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
caren ni (conditional first-person plural)
carsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
carech chi (conditional plural second-person)
carsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
caren nhw (conditional plural third-person)
carsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
carais i (first-person preterite singular)
cares i (first-person preterite singular)
caraist ti (preterite second-person singular)
carest ti (preterite second-person singular)
carodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
caron ni (first-person plural preterite)
caroch chi (plural preterite second-person)
caron nhw (plural preterite third-person)
cara (imperative second-person singular)
carwch (imperative plural second-person)
caru
garu (soft)
ngharu
charu

From Proto-Brythonic *karɨd, from Proto-Celtic *karāti (“to love”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”).

der

cariad

love, charity, affection; beloved (one); lover, sweetheart, darling


cas

cy-adj

cas (feminine singular cas, plural cas, equative cased, comparative casach, superlative casaf)

cas (feminine singular)
cas (plural)
cased (equative)
casach (comparative)
casaf (superlative)

From Middle Welsh and Old Welsh cas, from Proto-Brythonic *kas.

Mae’n gas gyda fi gwrw.

I hate beer. (literally, “Beer is hateful with me.”)


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called didolnod (“separation mark”) in Welsh, and found on Ä/ä, Ë/ë, Ï/ï, Ö/ö, Ü/ü, Ẅ/ẅ and Ÿ/ÿ.


cariad

cariadus

loving, affectionate, kind; loved, beloved

(male) beloved (one); lover, sweetheart, darling, boyfriend


cariad

cariadau (plural)
cariadon (plural)
cariad
gariad (soft)
nghariad
chariad

(female) beloved (one); lover, sweetheart, darling, girlfriend


cig

cigoedd (plural)
cig
gig (soft)
nghig
chig

From Middle Welsh kic, from Proto-Brythonic *kig (“meat”), from Proto-Celtic *kīkos (“breast”); compare Breton kig (“meat”), Old Irish cích (“breast”).


castell

cestyll (plural)
castelli (plural)
castell
gastell (soft)
nghastell
chastell

From Middle Welsh castell, from Proto-Brythonic *kastell, from Latin castellum. Compare Breton kastell, kestell, Cornish kastel.


bara

From Proto-Celtic *bargos, *barginā (“cake, bread”) (compare Breton bara, Old Cornish bara, Old Irish bairgen f (“bread, loaf; food, plain diet”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰers- (“spike, prickle”) (Old Norse barr (“corn, grain, barley”), Latin far (“spelt”), Serbo-Croatian бра̏шно/brȁšno).


a

The name of the Latin-script letter A/a.


dawns

dawnsiau (plural)
dawns
ddawns (soft)
nawns


ofn

From Middle Welsh ofuyn, from Proto-Celtic *oβnus (“fear”) (compare Breton aon, Cornish own, Old Irish ómun).

Mae gan bawb ofn naturiol o dân.

Mae ofn copyn arno fo.


boi

(South Wales, colloquial) guy, lad, bloke, chap, dude, fella

(colloquial, used in the vocative) A term of address for a male. mate, dude, man


halen

From Middle Welsh halaen, halen, from Proto-Brythonic *haluɨn, from Proto-Celtic *saleinos, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls (“salt”). Doublet of halwyn (“chemical salt”). Cognate with Cornish holan, Breton holen, Irish salann, and more distantly also Latin sāl and English salt.


brenin

cy-noun

brenin m (plural brenhinoedd, feminine brenhines)

brenhinoedd (plural)
brenhines (feminine)
brenin
frenin (soft)
mrenin

From Middle Welsh brenhin, from Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėntin, from Proto-Celtic *brigantīnos (“(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-.


Amos

(biblical) A prophet, author of the Book of Amos


pensil

cy-noun

pensil m (plural pensiliau or pensilau or pensilion)

pensiliau (plural)
pensilau (plural)
pensilion (plural)
pensil
bensil (soft)
mhensil
phensil

Borrowed from English pencil, from Anglo-Norman and Old French pincil (see the variant pincel, which gave rise to Modern French pinceau (“paintbrush”)), from Latin pēnicillum, diminutive of pēniculus (“brush”), itself a diminutive of pēnis (“tail; penis”).


mam

From Middle Welsh mam, from Proto-Brythonic *mamm, from Proto-Celtic *mammā, a baby talk word replacing Proto-Celtic *mātīr.

onomatopoeic

baby talk

mam miloedd

mind-your-own-business, Soleirolia soleirolii; ivy-leaved toadflax, Cymbalaria muralis

mam y glo

mother of coal, impure coal in a coal seam

mam yng nghyfraith

mother-in-law; wild pansy, Viola tricolor

mam yn Israel

mother in Israel, elderly woman much loved by her family or community


nain

From Proto-Brythonic *nanī, from Proto-Celtic *nana (“grandmother”), probably from a Proto-Indo-European root imitative of a child speaking, similar to Ancient Greek νάννα (nánna).

imitative


bardd

beirdd (plural)
bardd
fardd (soft)
mardd

From Proto-Brythonic *barð, from Proto-Celtic *bardos.


groser

groseriaid (plural)
groser
roser (soft)
ngroser

Borrowed from English grocer, from Old French grossier (“wholesaler”).


curad

cy-noun

curad m (plural curadiaid, diminutive curedyn)


pab

From Middle Welsh pap, from Proto-Brythonic *pab, from Vulgar Latin *păpa form Latin pāpa.


saws

From Middle English sauce, from Old French sauce.


hurten

hurten m (plural hurtynnod or hurtynion, masculine hurtyn, not mutable)

hurtynnod (plural)
hurtynion (plural)
hurtyn (masculine)


pelen

pelennau (plural)
pelenni (plural)
pelen
belen (soft)
mhelen
phelen


melys

cy-adj

melys (feminine singular melys, plural melysion, equative melysed, comparative melysach, superlative melysaf)

melys (feminine singular)
melysion (plural)
melysed (equative)
melysach (comparative)
melysaf (superlative)
melys
felys (soft)

From Middle Welsh melys, from Proto-Brythonic *melɨs, from Proto-Celtic *melissos (“sweet”), from *meli (“honey”). Cognate with Cornish melys, Irish milis, Scottish Gaelic milis.


gŵr

From Middle Welsh gwr, from Old Welsh gur, from Proto-Brythonic *gwur.


menyw

Variant of benyw back-formed from the soft mutation fenyw.


menyw

menyw (feminine singular menyw, plural menyw, not comparable)

menyw (feminine singular)
menyw (plural)
menyw
fenyw (soft)


cenedl

cenhedloedd (plural)
cenedl
genedl (soft)
nghenedl
chenedl

[ˈkʰɛnɛdl̩ˠ]

From Middle Welsh kenedyl, from Old Welsh kenedel (“kindred, family to the ninth degree of kinship”), from Proto-Brythonic *kenedl, from Proto-Celtic *kenetlom (“family”), from Proto-Indo-European *ken-.

inh

1588, Y Beibl cyssegr-lan, Luc 2:29-32:
Yr awr hon, Arglwydd, y gollyngi dy was mewn tangnefedd, yn ôl dy air: canys fy llygaid a welsant dy iachawdwriaeth, yr hon a baratoaist gerbron wyneb yr holl bobloedd; goleuni i oleuo y Cenhedloedd, a gogoniant dy bobl Israel.
Lord, now You are letting Your servant depart in peace, according to Your word; for my eyes have seen Your salvation which You have prepared before the face of all peoples, a light to bring revelation to the Gentiles, and the glory of Your people Israel.


merch

From Proto-Brythonic *merx, from Proto-Celtic *merkā (compare Cornish myrgh, mergh, Breton merc’h), from Proto-Indo-European *méryos (“boy, girl”) (compare Scottish Gaelic smarach (“lad”), Latin marītus (“husband”), Ancient Greek μεῖραξ (meîrax, “boy, girl”), Old Armenian մարի (mari)). Related to morwyn.


moch

From Proto-Brythonic *mox (“pig”), from Proto-Celtic *mokkus.

(figuratively) greedy, dirty, lazy, drunk, or immoral persons

(mining) small pumps used underground in coal mines to remove water


stôl

cy-noun

stôl m (plural stolau or stolâu, not mutable)


plant dan oed

head

plant dan oed m (singulative plentyn dan oed)

plentyn dan oed (singulative)
plant dan oed
blant dan oed (soft)
mhlant dan oed
phlant dan oed


Ioan

Borrowed from Late Latin Iōannēs, from Koine Greek Ἰωάννης (Iōánnēs), from Biblical Hebrew יוֹחָנָן (Yōḥānān).

(biblical) Certain men of the Christian Bible: John the Baptist, St John


nai

From Middle Welsh nei, from Proto-Brythonic *nei, from Proto-Celtic *neɸūss, from Proto-Indo-European *népōts.


Arglwyddes

Arglwyddesau (plural)
Arglwyddes
Harglwyddes (prothesis-h)

/arɡˈlʊɨ̯ðɛs/


benyw

benywod (plural)
benyw
fenyw (soft)
menyw

Nominalized adjective, perhaps from Proto-Brythonic *banuyos,masculine derived from Proto-Celtic *ban-, whence Welsh banon (“maiden queen”), Old Breton ban-doiuis (“goddess”), Old Irish ban-chú (“female dog”); akin to Cornish benow (“feminine, female”). Further related to Old Welsh ben (“woman”), from Proto-Celtic *benā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn. Doublet of banw.


potes

potesau (plural)
potes
botes (soft)
mhotes
photes

From Old French potage (“soup”), possibly via Middle English potage.


pali

palïau (plural)
pali
bali (soft)
mhali
phali


yfed

cy-verb

yfed (first-person singular present yfaf)

yfaf (first-person present singular)
yfaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
yfi (future indicative present second-person singular)
yf (future indicative present singular third-person)
yfwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
yfwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
yfant (future indicative plural present third-person)
yfir (future impersonal indicative present)
yfwn (conditional first-person singular)
yfwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
yfit (conditional second-person singular)
yfit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
yfai (conditional singular third-person)
yfai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
yfem (conditional first-person plural)
yfem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
yfech (conditional plural second-person)
yfech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
yfent (conditional plural third-person)
yfent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
yfid (conditional impersonal)
yfid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
yfais (first-person preterite singular)
yfaist (preterite second-person singular)
yfodd (preterite singular third-person)
yfasom (first-person plural preterite)
yfasoch (plural preterite second-person)
yfasant (plural preterite third-person)
yfwyd (impersonal preterite)
yfaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
yfasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
yfasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
yfasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
yfasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
yfasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
yfasid (impersonal pluperfect)
yfesid (impersonal pluperfect)
yfwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
yfych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
yfo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
yfom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
yfoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
yfont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
yfer (impersonal present subjunctive)
yf (imperative second-person singular)
yfa (imperative second-person singular)
yfed (imperative singular third-person)
yfwn (first-person imperative plural)
yfwch (imperative plural second-person)
yfent (imperative plural third-person)
yfer (imperative impersonal)
yfed (noun-from-verb)
yfedig (participle)
yfadwy (participle)
yfa i (first-person future singular)
yfaf i (first-person future singular)
yfi di (future second-person singular)
yfith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
yfiff e (future singular third-person)
yfwn ni (first-person future plural)
yfwch chi (future plural second-person)
yfan nhw (future plural third-person)
yfwn i (conditional first-person singular)
yfswn i (conditional first-person singular)
yfet ti (conditional second-person singular)
yfset ti (conditional second-person singular)
yfai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
yfsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
yfen ni (conditional first-person plural)
yfsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
yfech chi (conditional plural second-person)
yfsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
yfen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
yfsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
yfais i (first-person preterite singular)
yfes i (first-person preterite singular)
yfaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
yfest ti (preterite second-person singular)
yfodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
yfon ni (first-person plural preterite)
yfoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
yfon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
yfa (imperative second-person singular)
yfwch (imperative plural second-person)
yfed
hyfed (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh yuet, from Old Welsh iben (imperfect), from Proto-Brythonic *ɨβɨd, from Proto-Celtic *ɸibeti, from Proto-Indo-European *píph₃eti.


llyfr

From Middle Welsh llyuyr, from Proto-Brythonic *llɨβr, borrowed from Latin liber, librum.


trais

treisiau (plural)
treision (plural)
trais
drais (soft)
nhrais
thrais


pysgod

cy-noun

pysgod m (collective, singulative pysgodyn)

pysgodyn (singulative)
pysgod
bysgod (soft)
mhysgod
physgod

From Middle Welsh pysgawd, from Proto-Brythonic *pɨskọd, borrowed from Latin piscātus, past participle of piscor (“to fish”), from piscis (“fish”). Originally a plural counterpart to pysg, from Proto-Brythonic *pɨsk (compare Cornish pysk, Breton pesk), which has however been displaced by the derived singulative pysgodyn.


acen ddyrchafedig
acen ddyrchafedig#Welsh

A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called acen ddyrchafedig (“raised accent”) in Welsh, and found on Á/á, É/é, Í/í, Ó/ó, Ú/ú, Ẃ/ẃ and Ý/ý.


dicter

dicterau (plural)
dicter
ddicter (soft)
nicter


athro

athro m (plural athrawon or athrawion, feminine athrawes)

athrawon (plural)
athrawion (plural)
athrawes (feminine)
athro
hathro (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh athro (“teacher”), from Proto-Brythonic *alltrọw, from Proto-Celtic *altrawū (“foster-uncle”), from *aleti (“to nourish”). Related to Breton aotrou m (“lord, gentleman”). Doublet of alltraw (“godfather”).


sêr

sêr f (collective, singulative seren, not mutable)

From Proto-Brythonic *ster, from Proto-Celtic *sterā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr. Cognate with Cornish ster, Breton ster.

sêr tywydd

barometer earthstars, Astraeus hygrometricus

sêr y Pyreneau

Pyrenean squills, Scilla Pyrenean squill


calon

calonnau (plural)
calon
galon (soft)
nghalon
chalon

From Middle Welsh callon, from Proto-Brythonic *kalwon, from Proto-Celtic *kalwond- (“heart”). Cognate with Breton kalon.

(figuratively) seat of feeling, affection, will, and intellect; one's inmost being, the soul, the spirit; true emotion, mind, thought, intent, secret, etc.


clo

cloeon (plural)
cloeau (plural)
clo
glo (soft)
nghlo
chlo

From Proto-Brythonic *klọw, from Proto-Celtic *klāwos, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kleh₂w- (“hook, crook, peg”) (whence Latin clāvis).

clo bach

appliance to keep the wheel of a vehicle from turning on a steep slope; little lock

clo cyngan

correspondence of two consonants or groups of consonants in cynghanedd; conclusion, close

cloi

to lock, shut or bind fast, clinch; to conclude


helmed

cy-noun

helmed f (plural helmedi or helmedau, not mutable)


ès

esau (plural)
esys (plural)
ès
hès (prothesis-h)

The name of the Latin-script letter S/s.


cae

From Middle Welsh kay (“hedge; enclosure”), from Proto-Brythonic *kaɨ, from Proto-Celtic *kagyom.
Compare Cornish ke, Breton kae, Old Irish caí; also Latin cohum, English haw. See also cau and caer.

Dwi'n cofio wnaethon ni grys Yr Iseldiroedd, ac fe wnaethon ni e mewn oren mwy llachar. Roedd hynny'n fodern a chyffrous, ac oedden nhw'n edrych yn dda ar y cae.

I remember we made the Dutch shirt, and we made it in a brighter orange. That was modern and exciting, and they looked good on the pitch.


llyfrgell

llyfrgelloedd (plural)
llyfrgell
lyfrgell (soft)


llaeth

From Proto-Brythonic *llaɨθ, borrowed from Latin lactis.


mab

From Middle Welsh and Old Welsh map, from Proto-Brythonic *mab, from Proto-Celtic *makʷos.


dihareb

diarhebion (plural)
dihareb
ddihareb (soft)
nihareb


abades

abadesau (plural)
abades
habades (prothesis-h)


rhugl

cy-adj

rhugl (feminine singular rhugl, plural rhuglion, equative rhucled, comparative rhuclach, superlative rhuclaf)

rhugl (feminine singular)
rhuglion (plural)
rhucled (equative)
rhuclach (comparative)
rhuclaf (superlative)
rhugl
rugl (soft)

fluent (able to speak a foreign language accurately and with confidence)


doli

dolïau (plural)
dolis (plural)
doli
ddoli (soft)
noli


Crist

From Ecclesiastical Latin Christus, from Ancient Greek Χριστός (Khristós), proper noun use of χριστός (khristós, “the anointed one”), a semantic loan of Biblical Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ (māšīaḥ, “anointed”).


gwin

gwinoedd (plural)
gwinau (plural)
gwin
win (soft)
ngwin

From Proto-Brythonic *gwin, from late Proto-Celtic *wīnom, borrowed from Latin vīnum.


carrai

careiau (plural)
careion (plural)
carrai
garrai (soft)
ngharrai
charrai

From Middle Welsh karrei, from Old Welsh corruui, from Proto-Brythonic *korrɨɣ, from Latin corrigia.


mam-gu

cy-noun

mam-gu f (plural mamau-cu or mamguod or mam-gus)

mamau-cu (plural)
mamguod (plural)
mam-gus (plural)
mam-gu
fam-gu (soft)

From mam (“mother”) + cu (“dear, beloved”).


topas

Borrowed from English topaz, from Old French topace, from Ancient Greek τόπαζος (tópazos).


Arabes

Arabes f (plural Arabesau, masculine Arab)

Arabesau (plural)
Arab (masculine)
Arabes
Harabes (prothesis-h)


coffi

Borrowed from English coffee, from Dutch koffie (“coffee”), from Italian caffè (“coffee”), from Ottoman Turkish قهوه (kahve, “coffee”), from Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa, “coffee, a brew”).

der

Dw i'n hoffi coffi.

Gawn ni ddau goffi du.


selsig

cy-noun

selsig f (collective, singulative selsigen, not mutable)

From Middle Welsh selsig, from Old Welsh selsic, from Proto-Brythonic *selsig, a borrowing from Late Latin (farta) salsīcia (“sausage”), derived from Latin salsus (“salty, salted”). Doublet of sosej (“sausage”) and halen (“salt”). Cognate with Breton silzig, Cornish selsik, and more distantly with English sausage.

dbt

Bryd hynny, roedd yn rhaid iddo bob tro gael bwyta tun o Ffa Pob a Selsig cwmni Heinz, y bydda fo yn ei gario gydag o yn ei fag.

2006, Robin McBryde, Y Cymro Cryfa, Y Lolfa, →ISBN, page 64:

At such times, he always had to have to eat a tin of Heinz Baked Beans and Sausages, which he would carry with him in his bag.


pellter

cy-noun

pellter m (plural pellterau or pellteroedd)

pellterau (plural)
pellteroedd (plural)
pellter
bellter (soft)
mhellter
phellter

From pell (“far (away), distant, remote”) + -ter.


blas

From Middle Welsh blas, from Proto-Brythonic *blas, from Proto-Celtic *mlasto-, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mel-s- (“to try, taste”). Cognate with Cornish blas, Breton blaz, Irish blas; outside of Celtic, compare Russian молса́ть (molsátʹ, “to suck”).


cath

cathod (plural)
cathau (plural)
cath
gath (soft)
nghath
chath

From Proto-Brythonic *kaθ, from Proto-Celtic *kattā.

(games, with definite article as y gath) tipcat


dawnsio

cy-verb

dawnsio (first-person singular present dawnsiaf)

dawnsiaf (first-person present singular)
dawnsiaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
dawnsi (future indicative present second-person singular)
dawnsia (future indicative present singular third-person)
dawnsiwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
dawnsiwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
dawnsiant (future indicative plural present third-person)
dawnsir (future impersonal indicative present)
dawnsiwn (conditional first-person singular)
dawnsiwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
dawnsit (conditional second-person singular)
dawnsit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
dawnsiai (conditional singular third-person)
dawnsiai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
dawnsiem (conditional first-person plural)
dawnsiem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
dawnsiech (conditional plural second-person)
dawnsiech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
dawnsient (conditional plural third-person)
dawnsient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
dawnsid (conditional impersonal)
dawnsid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
dawnsiais (first-person preterite singular)
dawnsiaist (preterite second-person singular)
dawnsiodd (preterite singular third-person)
dawnsiasom (first-person plural preterite)
dawnsiasoch (plural preterite second-person)
dawnsiasant (plural preterite third-person)
dawnsiwyd (impersonal preterite)
dawnsiaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
dawnsiasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
dawnsiasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
dawnsiasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
dawnsiasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
dawnsiasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
dawnsiasid (impersonal pluperfect)
dawnsiesid (impersonal pluperfect)
dawnsiwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
dawnsiech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
dawnsio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
dawnsiom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
dawnsioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
dawnsiont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
dawnsier (impersonal present subjunctive)
dawnsia (imperative second-person singular)
dawnsied (imperative singular third-person)
dawnsiwn (first-person imperative plural)
dawnsiwch (imperative plural second-person)
dawnsient (imperative plural third-person)
dawnsier (imperative impersonal)
dawnsio (noun-from-verb)
dawnsia i (first-person future singular)
dawnsiaf i (first-person future singular)
dawnsi di (future second-person singular)
dawnsith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
dawnsiff e (future singular third-person)
dawnsiwn ni (first-person future plural)
dawnsiwch chi (future plural second-person)
dawnsian nhw (future plural third-person)
dawnsiwn i (conditional first-person singular)
dawnswn i (conditional first-person singular)
dawnsiet ti (conditional second-person singular)
dawnset ti (conditional second-person singular)
dawnsiai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
dawnsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
dawnsien ni (conditional first-person plural)
dawnsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
dawnsiech chi (conditional plural second-person)
dawnsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
dawnsien nhw (conditional plural third-person)
dawnsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
dawnsiais i (first-person preterite singular)
dawnsies i (first-person preterite singular)
dawnsiaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
dawnsiest ti (preterite second-person singular)
dawnsiodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
dawnsion ni (first-person plural preterite)
dawnsioch chi (plural preterite second-person)
dawnsion nhw (plural preterite third-person)
dawnsia (imperative second-person singular)
dawnsiwch (imperative plural second-person)
dawnsio
ddawnsio (soft)
nawnsio

Mae Siân yn dawnsio gyda Siôn.
Siân is dancing with Siôn.


Ffrances

cy-noun

Ffrances f (plural Ffrancesau, not mutable)


Ffrancwr

Ffrancwr m (plural Ffrancwyr, not mutable)


Ffrengig

cy-adj

Ffrengig (feminine singular Ffrengig, plural Ffrengig, not comparable, not mutable)

Ffrengig (feminine singular)
Ffrengig (plural)

French, pertaining to France (but not the language)


Saesnes

cy-noun

Saesnes f (plural Saesnesau, not mutable)


Sais

Sais m (plural Saeson, feminine Saesnes, not mutable)

From Middle Welsh Seis, from Proto-Brythonic *Sėɨs, borrowed from Latin Saxō. Cognate with Cornish Sows, Breton Saoz. Doublet of Sacson.


hapus

cy-adj

hapus (feminine singular hapus, plural hapusion, equative hapused, comparative hapusach, superlative hapusaf, not mutable)

hapus (feminine singular)
hapusion (plural)
hapused (equative)
hapusach (comparative)
hapusaf (superlative)

hap (“hap, chance, luck”) + -us, a calque of English happy.


awdl

awdlau (plural)
awdl
hawdl (prothesis-h)

A long poem written in Welsh using cynghanedd and one of twenty-four strict meters.


gwaith

gweithiau (plural)
gwaith
waith (soft)
ngwaith

Doublets; from Middle Welsh gweith, from Proto-Brythonic *gweiθ, from Proto-Celtic *wextā (“time, course, turn”) (compare Cornish gweyth, Breton gwezh, Old Irish fecht (“journey; time, occasion”), Irish feacht (“journey; time, occasion”)), feminine past participle of Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to carry, drive”).

der

Rydyn ni wedi gwylio'r ffilm 'ma dwywaith

time (with cardinal numbers, 'how many times', etc.), occasion, course, turn


canwr

canwyr (plural)
canwr
ganwr (soft)
nghanwr
chanwr

From canu (“to sing”) + -wr (agent suffix).


cantores

cantoresau (plural)
cantores
gantores (soft)
nghantores
chantores


ril

cy-noun

ril f (plural rils or riliau, not mutable)


cefnder

cefnder m (plural cefndryd or cefndyr, feminine cyfnither)

cefndryd (plural)
cefndyr (plural)
cyfnither (feminine)
cefnder
gefnder (soft)
nghefnder
chefnder

From ceifn (“cousin, kinsman”) + derw (“true”) (compare Cornish kanderu, Breton kenderf, Old Irish der(b)bráthair).


modryb

From Proto-Brythonic *mọdreb (“aunt”); compare Cornish modrep, Breton moereb.


teulu

teuluoedd (plural)
teulu
deulu (soft)
nheulu
theulu

From Proto-Celtic *tegoslougom, from Proto-Celtic *tegos (“house”) + Proto-Celtic *slougos (“troup, army”), equivalent to
tŷ + llu. Compare Cornish teylu, Irish teaghlach, Scottish Gaelic teaghlach, Manx lught thie.


ewythr

ewythredd (plural)
ewythr
hewythr (prothesis-h)

[ˈɛu̯.ɨ̞θr̩]

From Middle Welsh ewythyr, from Proto-Celtic *awontīr (compare Cornish ewnter, Breton eontr, Old Irish amnair), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwh₂- (“(maternal) grandfather/uncle”) (compare Middle Irish ó, Latin avus (“grandfather”), avunculus (“maternal uncle”), dialectal German Awwe (“grandfather”), Oheim (“uncle”).


brawd

brodiau (plural)
brawd
frawd (soft)
mrawd

From Old Welsh braut (“judgment”), from Proto-Celtic *brātus, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷérHtus.


chwaer

cy-noun

chwaer f (plural chwiorydd or chwioredd or chwaeoredd, diminutive chwaeren, not mutable)

chwiorydd (plural)
chwioredd (plural)
chwaeoredd (plural)
chwaeren (diminutive)
chwaer

From Proto-Brythonic *hwoɨr (compare Breton c’hoar), from Proto-Celtic *swesūr (compare Old Irish siur), from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.

sister, half-sister
(figuratively) female mate, partner

sister, half-sister
female mate, partner


taid

teidiau (plural)
taid
daid (soft)
nhaid
thaid


saim

Borrowed from Middle English seym. from Old French saim.


criced

Gêm ddwl yw criced.


ỳ

The name of the Latin-script letter Y/y.


ec

The name of the Latin-script letter C/c.


cywydd

cywyddau (plural)
cywydd
gywydd (soft)
nghywydd
chywydd

Proto-Celtic *kom-wido-; compare Old Irish cubaid (“harmony”).


perl

perlau (plural)
perl
berl (soft)
mherl
pherl

From Middle Welsh perl, from Middle English perle, from Old French perle, from Medieval Latin perula (literally “little pear”).


pastai

pasteiod (plural)
pastai
bastai (soft)
mhastai
phastai

From Middle English pastey and English pasty.


geiriadurwr

geiriadurwyr (plural)
geiriadurwr
eiriadurwr (soft)
ngeiriadurwr


athrawes

cy-noun

athrawes f (plural athrawesau, masculine athro)

athrawesau (plural)
athro (masculine)
athrawes
hathrawes (prothesis-h)

From athro (“(male) teacher”) + -es. Doublet of alltrawes (“godmother”) and elltrewyn (“stepmother”).


dysgwr

dysgwyr (plural)
dysgwr
ddysgwr (soft)
nysgwr


peiriannwr

peiriannwyr (plural)
peiriannwr
beiriannwr (soft)
mheiriannwr
pheiriannwr


peiriannydd

peiriannwyr (plural)
peiriannydd
beiriannydd (soft)
mheiriannydd
pheiriannydd


wyres

wyresau (plural)
wyres
hwyres (prothesis-h)


cimwch

cy-noun

cimwch m (plural cimychiaid or cimychod or cimych)

cimychiaid (plural)
cimychod (plural)
cimych (plural)
cimwch
gimwch (soft)
nghimwch
chimwch

. Possibly cognate to Irish gliomach, Scottish Gaelic giomach, Manx gimmagh.

(by extension) a crabbed, surly or clumsy person


cwrw

cyrfau (plural)
cwrwau (plural)
cwrw
gwrw (soft)
nghwrw
chwrw

From Middle Welsh cwrwf, from Old Welsh curum, from Proto-Brythonic *kurβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *kurman or *kurmi. Compare with Breton korev.


Rhufeiniwr

Rhufeinwyr (plural)
Rhufeiniwr
Rufeiniwr (soft)


Rhufeiniad

Rhufeiniaid (plural)
Rhufeiniad
Rufeiniad (soft)

(in the plural, biblical) Romans (epistle)


llysfam

llysfamau (plural)
llysfam
lysfam (soft)


llysferch

llysferched (plural)
llysferch
lysferch (soft)


llysfab

llysfeibion (plural)
llysfab
lysfab (soft)


llystad

llystadau (plural)
llystad
lystad (soft)

llys- (“step-”) + tad (“father”), cognate to Breton leztad


cochen

cochen f (plural cochennau, masculine cochyn)

cochennau (plural)
cochyn (masculine)
cochen
gochen (soft)
nghochen
chochen


cochyn

cochyn m (plural cochynnau, feminine cochen)

cochynnau (plural)
cochen (feminine)
cochyn
gochyn (soft)
nghochyn
chochyn


cyfarwyddwr

cyfarwyddwyr (plural)
cyfarwyddwr
gyfarwyddwr (soft)
nghyfarwyddwr
chyfarwyddwr

/kəvaˈrʊɨ̯ðʊr/


cwsmer

cwsmer m (plural cwsmeriaid or cwsmeiriaid or cwsmers)

cwsmeriaid (plural)
cwsmeiriaid (plural)
cwsmers (plural)
cwsmer
gwsmer (soft)
nghwsmer
chwsmer


gefeilles

gefeilles f (plural gefeilliaid, masculine gefell)

gefeilliaid (plural)
gefell (masculine)
gefeilles
efeilles (soft)
ngefeilles

/ɡɛˈvei̯ɬɛs/


gefell

gefell m (plural gefeilliaid, feminine gefeilles)

gefeilliaid (plural)
gefeilles (feminine)
gefell
efell (soft)
ngefell

From Middle Welsh geuell, from Proto-Brythonic *geβ̃ell, from Latin gemellus. Compare Cornish and Breton gevell.


prifathro

prifathro m (plural prifathrawon, feminine prifathrawes)

prifathrawon (plural)
prifathrawes (feminine)
prifathro
brifathro (soft)
mhrifathro
phrifathro

From prif- (“chief”) + athro (“teacher”).


prifathrawes

prifathrawes f (plural prifathrawesau, masculine prifathro)

prifathrawesau (plural)
prifathro (masculine)
prifathrawes
brifathrawes (soft)
mhrifathrawes
phrifathrawes

From prif- (“main, principal, prime, chief”) + athro (“teacher”) + -es.


llythyren

cy-noun

llythyren f (plural llythrennau or llythyrennau)

llythrennau (plural)
llythyrennau (plural)
llythyren
lythyren (soft)


llythyr

llythyr m (plural llythyrau or llythyron)

llythyrau (plural)
llythyron (plural)
llythyr
lythyr (soft)

From Middle Welsh llythyr, from Old Welsh leder, from Proto-Brythonic *llɨθer (whence also Middle Cornish lyther and Middle Breton lizer), from Latin littera. Cognate with Old Irish liter.


creulon

cy-adj

creulon (feminine singular creulon, plural creulon, equative creuloned, comparative creulonach, superlative creulonaf)

creulon (feminine singular)
creulon (plural)
creuloned (equative)
creulonach (comparative)
creulonaf (superlative)

From crau (“blood, gore, blood of carnage”) + -lon, -lawn (“-ful”).

affix

cruel, fierce, brutal, violent, merciless


morwyn

From Proto-Brythonic *moruɨn, from Proto-Celtic *morignā (compare Old Cornish moroin), from Proto-Indo-European *méryos (“boy, girl”) (compare Latin marītus (“husband”), Ancient Greek μεῖραξ (meîrax, “girl, boy”), Sanskrit मर्य (márya, “young man; foal”)). Related to merch.


duges

dugesau (plural)
dug (masculine)
duges
dduges (soft)
nuges


gwalch

gweilch (plural)
gwalch
walch (soft)
ngwalch

From Proto-Brythonic *gwalx, from Proto-Celtic *wolkos. Cognate with Breton gwalc’h.


gwirod

gwirodydd (plural)
gwirod
wirod (soft)
ngwirod


llefrith

From *llef, a root meaning "weak" and cognate with Irish leamh (“tender, weak”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“weak, broken, soft”) + blith (“milk”).


pobl

pobloedd (plural)
pobl
bobl (soft)
mhobl
phobl

From Middle Welsh pobyl, from Proto-Brythonic *pobl, from Latin populus. Cognate with Cornish pobel, Breton pobl, Irish pobal.

people, public, nation, tribe, crowd, inhabitants


hynt

From Middle Welsh hint, from Proto-Brythonic *hɨnt, from Proto-Celtic *sentus, from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to head for, go”).


darlithydd

darlithwyr (plural)
darlithydd
ddarlithydd (soft)
narlithydd

/darˈlɪθɨ̞ð/

From darlithio (“to lecture”) + -ydd (“-er”).


marchog

marchogion (plural)
marchog
farchog (soft)

From Middle Welsh marchawc, from Proto-Brythonic *marxọg, from Proto-Celtic *markākos. Equivalent to march + -og.


papur

papurau (plural)
papur
bapur (soft)
mhapur
phapur

From Middle English papure (“paper”), from Anglo-Norman papier.

Ti wedi darllen y papur heddiw?

Cafodd ei phapurau eu dinistrio mewn tân tŷ.

Her papers were destroyed in a house fire.


anifail

head

anifail m (plural anifeiliaid or anifeilaid or anifeiliod or anifeilod, feminine anifeiles, diminutive anifeilyn)

anifeiliaid (plural)
anifeilaid (plural)
anifeiliod (plural)
anifeilod (plural)
anifeiles (feminine)
anifeilyn (diminutive)
anifail
hanifail (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh anyueyl, from Proto-Brythonic *anɨβ̃ėl, borrowed from Latin animal, animālis (compare Breton aneval, Middle Cornish enevalles pl).

anifeilaidd

animal-like, bestial, beastly, brutish, savage, foul; animal, carnal, sensual

anifeildra

animal nature, brutishness, bestiality, beastliness, cruelty


llawlyfr

llawlyfrau (plural)
llawlyfr
lawlyfr (soft)

/ˈɬau̯ˌlɨ̞vɨ̞r/

From llaw (“hand”) + llyfr (“book”), calque of English handbook.


cyfieithydd

cyfieithwyr (plural)
cyfieithydd
gyfieithydd (soft)
nghyfieithydd
chyfieithydd

/kəvˈjei̯θɨ̞ð/

From cyfieithu (“to translate; to interpret”) + -ydd.

affix

person of the same language or race as another, fellow-countryman


gwydr

gwydrau (plural)
gwydr
wydr (soft)
ngwydr

From Middle Welsh gwydyr, from Proto-Brythonic *gwɨdr, from Latin vitrum.


gyrrwr

gyrwyr (plural)
gyrrwr
yrrwr (soft)
ngyrrwr

driver; rider, racer; haulier; drover; cattle thief


llwyn

cy-noun

llwyn m (plural llwynau or llwyni, diminutive llwynyn)

llwynau (plural)
llwyni (plural)
llwynyn (diminutive)

From Middle Welsh llwyn, from Old Welsh loin, from Proto-Brythonic *lluɨn, from Latin lignum. Cognate with Old Breton loin, loen.

(especially in love poetry) the traditional rendezvous of lovers, symbol of love or romance


trydanwr

trydanwyr (plural)
trydanwr
drydanwr (soft)
nhrydanwr
thrydanwr


gwesty

gwestai (plural)
gwesty
westy (soft)
ngwesty

hotel (establishment providing accommodation)


newyddiadur

newyddiadur m (plural newyddiaduron, not mutable)


papur newydd

papur newydd m (plural papurau newyddion)

papurau newyddion (plural)
papur newydd
bapur newydd (soft)
mhapur newydd
phapur newydd

/ˈpapɨ̞r ˈnɛu̯.ɨ̞ð/


coler

From Middle English coler (“yellow bile”).


poeth

cy-adj

poeth (feminine singular poeth, plural poethion, equative poethed, comparative poethach, superlative poethaf)

poeth (feminine singular)
poethion (plural)
poethed (equative)
poethach (comparative)
poethaf (superlative)
poeth
boeth (soft)
mhoeth
phoeth

From Proto-Brythonic *poɨθ, from Proto-Celtic *kʷoxtos (“cooked”), from Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ- (“to cook”). Doublet of coeth.

tinboeth

lecherous; water pepper plant; some bird species


siwgr

cy-noun

siwgr m (usually uncountable, plural siwgrau or siwgroedd, not mutable)

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman sucre, from Old French çucre, chucre, from Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar).


dyfeiswraig

head

dyfeiswraig f (masculine dyfeisiwr, plural dyfeiswragedd)

dyfeisiwr (masculine)
dyfeiswragedd (plural)
dyfeiswraig
ddyfeiswraig (soft)
nyfeiswraig


cynrychiolydd

cy-noun

cynrychiolydd m (plural cynrychiolyddion)

cynrychiolyddion (plural)
cynrychiolydd
gynrychiolydd (soft)
nghynrychiolydd
chynrychiolydd


cicio

cy-verb

cicio (first-person singular present ciciaf)

ciciaf (first-person present singular)
ciciaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
cici (future indicative present second-person singular)
cicia (future indicative present singular third-person)
ciciwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
ciciwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
ciciant (future indicative plural present third-person)
cicir (future impersonal indicative present)
ciciwn (conditional first-person singular)
ciciwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cicit (conditional second-person singular)
cicit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ciciai (conditional singular third-person)
ciciai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ciciem (conditional first-person plural)
ciciem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ciciech (conditional plural second-person)
ciciech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
cicient (conditional plural third-person)
cicient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
cicid (conditional impersonal)
cicid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
ciciais (first-person preterite singular)
ciciaist (preterite second-person singular)
ciciodd (preterite singular third-person)
ciciasom (first-person plural preterite)
ciciasoch (plural preterite second-person)
ciciasant (plural preterite third-person)
ciciwyd (impersonal preterite)
ciciaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
ciciasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
ciciasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
ciciasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
ciciasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
ciciasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
ciciasid (impersonal pluperfect)
ciciesid (impersonal pluperfect)
ciciwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ciciech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cicio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ciciom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
cicioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ciciont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
cicier (impersonal present subjunctive)
cicia (imperative second-person singular)
cicied (imperative singular third-person)
ciciwn (first-person imperative plural)
ciciwch (imperative plural second-person)
cicient (imperative plural third-person)
cicier (imperative impersonal)
cicio (noun-from-verb)
ciciedig (participle)
ciciadwy (participle)
cicia i (first-person future singular)
ciciaf i (first-person future singular)
cici di (future second-person singular)
cicith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
ciciff e (future singular third-person)
ciciwn ni (first-person future plural)
ciciwch chi (future plural second-person)
cician nhw (future plural third-person)
ciciwn i (conditional first-person singular)
cicswn i (conditional first-person singular)
ciciet ti (conditional second-person singular)
cicset ti (conditional second-person singular)
ciciai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
cicsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
cicien ni (conditional first-person plural)
cicsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
ciciech chi (conditional plural second-person)
cicsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
cicien nhw (conditional plural third-person)
cicsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ciciais i (first-person preterite singular)
cicies i (first-person preterite singular)
ciciaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
ciciest ti (preterite second-person singular)
ciciodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
cicion ni (first-person plural preterite)
cicioch chi (plural preterite second-person)
cicion nhw (plural preterite third-person)
cicia (imperative second-person singular)
ciciwch (imperative plural second-person)
cicio
gicio (soft)
nghicio
chicio

From cic (“kick”) (from English kick) + -io.


swyddog

cy-noun

swyddog m (plural swyddogion, not mutable)


ymenyn

(formal) Alternative form of menyn (“butter”)


saethyddiaeth

saethyddiaeth f (uncountable, not mutable)

/seɨ̯ˈθəðjaɨ̯θ/

/seɨ̯ˈθəðjɛθ/

/sei̯ˈθəðjɛθ/

archery (practice or sport of shooting arrows with a bow)


mêl

From Middle Welsh mel, from Old Welsh mel, from Proto-Brythonic *mel, from Proto-Celtic *meli, from Proto-Indo-European *mélid.


plantos

plantos
blantos (soft)
mhlantos
phlantos

(plural only) little children, infants, tots (usually expressing affection, but sometimes derogatory)


bildar

bildars (plural)
bildar
fildar (soft)
mildar


gwyddoniadur

gwyddoniaduron (plural)
gwyddoniadur
wyddoniadur (soft)
ngwyddoniadur


jac

jac m (plural jaciau or jacs, not mutable)


cydbreswylwyr

cydbreswylwyr
gydbreswylwyr (soft)
nghydbreswylwyr
chydbreswylwyr

/ˌkɨːdbrɛˈsʊɨ̯lwɨ̞r/

From cyd- (“co-, syn-”) + preswylwyr (“residents, inhabitants”).

affix

Gwelir y gwirodwerthydd yn eu mysg fel un wedi cael ei syfrdanu nes y bydd ei ymenydd wedi myned yn ddifudd iddo; a gellir canfod annghyssondeb neillduol yn mysg yr annedwydd dylwyth — weithiau bydd rhai a’i dyrnau yn gauedig, eraill yn rhincian dannedd, eraill yn ymdrechu i falurio aelodau eu cydbreswylwyr; weithiau byddant yn darnio dillad eu gilydd nes byddont yn groen-noethion; eraill a wariant eu heiddo mewn ynfydrwydd, heb allu rhoddi un rheswm dros eu hymddygiad — parânt i yfed gan sychedig lyngcu, nes y byddont yn analluog i symud, fwy na phe byddent rhwng terfyn dau fyd; a gellir meddwl fod mynyddau arnynt yn eu suddo yn llaid yr heolydd.

1838, William Rowlands (editor), Y Cyfaill o’r Hen Wlad yn America (The Friend from the Old Country in America), volume 1, “Araith y Parch. Thos. Edwards” (“Speech of the Rev. Thos. Edwards”), page 136

The victualler can be seen in their midst like one who has been stupefied until his brain had become useless to him; and an extraordinary inconstancy can be perceived amidst the unhappy tribe — sometimes, some go with clenched fists, others gnash their teeth, others attempt to smash the limbs of their cohabitants; sometimes, they tear apart one another’s clothes until they are bare to the skin; others squander what they own in folly, without being able to give a reason for their behaviour — they continue to drink, swallowing thirstily, until they are incapable of moving, more so than were they between the boundaries of two worlds; and it could be imagined that there are mountains upon them, sinking them in the mire of the streets.

(plural only) cohabitants, fellow residents


rabi

cy-noun

rabi m (plural rabiniaid or rabïaid, not mutable)

Borrowed from Latin rabbi, from Ancient Greek ῥαββί (rhabbí), from Hebrew רַבִּי (rabbî).


byns

byns f (collective, singulative bynnen or bynsen)

bynnen (singulative)
bynsen (singulative)
byns
fyns (soft)
myns


menyn

Apheretic variant of now formal ymenyn, Middle Welsh ymenyn, from Proto-Celtic *amban (compare Cornish amanyn, Breton amann, Old Irish imb), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃éngʷn̥ (compare Latin unguen (“grease”), Alemannic German Anke).

menyn Mai

unsalted butter kept for medicinal purposes


dilledyn

singulative of dillad (“clothing”)
garment, article of clothing


cosyn

cosynnau (plural)
cosyn
gosyn (soft)
nghosyn
chosyn

Originally a singulative form of caws (“cheese”).

Yn ardal Gamonéu a bwlch Covadonga, uwchlaw'r llynnoedd, cwrddais i â gwraig oedd yn ei hwythdegau bryd hynny, yn byw mewn caban heb ddŵr na thrydan, ffynnon o flaen y drws a thân yn llosgi'n barhaol o dan simnai fawr. Ar y silffoedd o garreg, caws. Cosyn ar ôl cosyn yn aeddfedu yn y mwg.

2021, Cathi McGill, Het Wellt a Welis: Blwyddyn Gron yn Astwrias, Carreg Gwalch, page 30:

In the Gamonéu and Covadonga pass region, above the lakes, I met a woman who was in her eighties at the time, living in a cabin without water or electricity, a well in front of the door and a fire constantly burning under a large chimney. On the stone shelves, cheese. Cheese after cheese maturing in the smoke.


brenhines

breninesau (plural)
brenhines
frenhines (soft)
mrenhines


gwyddbwyll

/ˈɡwɨ̞ðbʊɨ̯ɬ/

/ˈɡʊi̯ðbʊi̯ɬ/

/ˈɡwɪðbʊi̯ɬ/

From Proto-Brythonic *gwɨðbuɨll, from Proto-Celtic *widukʷēslā (literally “wood intelligence”). By surface analysis, gwŷdd (“trees, wood”) + pwyll (“consideration, reason”). Compare Cornish gwydhbol, Breton gwezboell and also Irish ficheall, Scottish Gaelic fidhcheall, Manx feeal.


lledr

From Middle Welsh lledyr, from Proto-Brythonic *lledr, from Proto-Celtic *letrom (compare Middle Irish lethar), from Proto-Indo-European *létrom (compare Old English leþer, Old Norse leðr).


gwaedogen

gwaedogennau (plural)
gwaedogen
waedogen (soft)
ngwaedogen

From gwaedog (“bloody”), from gwaed (“blood”).


clust

clustiau (plural)
clust
glust (soft)
nghlust
chlust

From Proto-Brythonic *klʉst, from Proto-Celtic *kloustā, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew-.


mwnwgl

From Middle Welsh mwnwgyl, from Proto-Brythonic *munugl, alteration of Proto-Celtic *moniklos, cognate with Old Irish muinél, derived from Proto-Celtic *monis (from which Old Irish muin (“neck, nape”) and Welsh mŵn (“neck”)), from Proto-Indo-European *mon-i- (“neck”). Related to Sanskrit मन्या (mányā-, “neck”), Latin monīle (“necklace”), and English mane. Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to stand out”).


bêr

berau (plural)
beri (plural)
bêr
fêr (soft)
mêr

From Middle Welsh ber, from Proto-Brythonic *ber, from Proto-Celtic *beru (“spit”).

(typography) double dagger, diesis, double obelus (‡)


pryd

From Middle Welsh pryd, from Proto-Brythonic *prɨd. Cognate with Breton pred and Cornish prys.


rhyfel

From Old Welsh ryuel, from Latin rebellis (“making war anew”), from rebello (“to wage war”).


rhi

The name of the Latin-script letter Rh/rh.


abwyd

cy-noun

abwyd m (collective, singulative abwydyn)

abwydyn (singulative)
abwyd
habwyd (prothesis-h)

From Proto-Brythonic *abuɨd, equivalent to a- + bwyd (“food”).


henadur

henadur m or f by sense (plural henaduriaid, not mutable)

From hen (“old”) + -adur. Calque of Latin senātor.


ffoadur

ffoadur m (plural ffoaduriaid, not mutable)


teipydd

teipyddion (plural)
teipydd
deipydd (soft)
nheipydd
theipydd


emyn

emynau (plural)
emyn
hemyn (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh emynn, from Old English ymen, from Latin hymnus.


cachadur

cachaduriaid (plural)
cachadur
gachadur (soft)
nghachadur
chachadur

From cachu (“to defecate”) + -adur (agent suffix).

affix

coward, cowardly wretch, recreant, rapscallion, knave


teipyddes

teipyddesau (plural)
teipyddes
deipyddes (soft)
nheipyddes
theipyddes


pechadur

pechaduriaid (plural)
pechadur
bechadur (soft)
mhechadur
phechadur

From Middle Welsh pechadur, from Proto-Brythonic *pexadʉr, from Latin peccātor. By surface analysis, pechu (“to sin, offend”) + -adur.


cofiadur

cy-noun

cofiadur m (plural cofiaduron or cofiaduriaid or cofiadurau)

cofiaduron (plural)
cofiaduriaid (plural)
cofiadurau (plural)

one who keeps records, registrar, secretary, clerk


blwydd

blwyddi (plural)
blwydd
flwydd (soft)
mlwydd

From Middle Welsh blwyð, from Proto-Brythonic *bluɨð, from Proto-Celtic *bleidū (“year”), related to *bleidanī (the source of blwyddyn and Old Irish blíadain), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleyd- (“pale”), though the semantic connection is weak. See also Lithuanian blaĩvas (“whitish, blue, sober”), Proto-West Germanic *blait, Albanian blehurë.
Celtic cognates include Cornish bloodh, Breton bloaz; Old Breton blened, Welsh blynedd.

cog

Mae e'n flwydd

Bydd hi'n wyth mlwydd oed yfory.


adain

cy-noun

adain f (plural adenydd or adanedd or adeinydd or adeinedd or adeiniau or edenydd or edyn)

adenydd (plural)
adanedd (plural)
adeinydd (plural)
adeinedd (plural)
adeiniau (plural)
edenydd (plural)
edyn (plural)
adain
hadain (prothesis-h)

From Proto-Celtic *ɸatanī (compare Old Irish ette (“feather”)), from *ɸetnos (“bird”). More at adar, edn.


cefn

cefn m (plural cefnau or cefnoedd or cefnydd)

cefnau (plural)
cefnoedd (plural)
cefnydd (plural)
cefn
gefn (soft)
nghefn
chefn

From Middle Welsh keuen. Related to Breton kein (“back”), Cornish keyn (“back”), Gaulish Cebenna (“ridge, height”) (whence French Cévennes).

ar gefn

in addition to, as a consequence of, with regard to; at the expense of; on top, upon, up to

cefn lloer

full moon; crescent of the moon, half moon

cefnog

backed, having a back; strong, stout brave

yng nghefn

behind one's back, underhand; following, pursuing

(biblical) furlong (unit of length equivalent to a stadion)


pennaeth

pennaeth m or f by sense (plural penaethiaid or penaethaid or penaethau or penaethion)

penaethiaid (plural)
penaethaid (plural)
penaethau (plural)
penaethion (plural)
pennaeth
bennaeth (soft)
mhennaeth
phennaeth


taeog

tŷ (“house, home”) + -og (“-er; belonging to”)

suffix

labourer, farmer, husbandman, peasant, common man


taeog

cy-adj

taeog (feminine singular taeog, plural taeog, equative mor daeog, comparative mwy taeog, superlative mwyaf taeog)

taeog (feminine singular)
taeog (plural)
mor daeog (equative)
mwy taeog (comparative)
mwyaf taeog (superlative)
taeog
daeog (soft)
nhaeog
thaeog

churlish, boorish, blunt, sullen, surly, rustic, servile, fawning, cringing


pencenedl

pennau cenedl (plural)
pencenedl
bencenedl (soft)
mhencenedl
phencenedl

From Old Welsh penkenedel. By surface analysis, pen (“head”) + cenedl (“kindred”).


caeth

cy-adj

caeth (feminine singular caeth, plural caethion, equative caethed, comparative caethach, superlative caethaf)

caeth (feminine singular)
caethion (plural)
caethed (equative)
caethach (comparative)
caethaf (superlative)

From Old Welsh kaeth, kaet, cahet, cayt (“slave”), from Proto-Brythonic *kaɨθ, from Proto-Celtic *kaxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ptós.


canghellor

cy-noun

canghellor m (plural cangellorion or cangelloriaid)

cangellorion (plural)
cangelloriaid (plural)
canghellor
ganghellor (soft)
nghanghellor
changhellor

From Middle Welsh kyghellawr, from Late Latin cancellārius, from Latin cancellus. Cognate with English chancellor and German Kanzler.


gwrda

gwyrda (plural)
gwrda
wrda (soft)
ngwrda


enllyn

enllynoedd (plural)
enllyn
henllyn (prothesis-h)

an- + llyn (“beverage, liquid”). Compare Old Irish annland m (“condiment, savoury, relish accompanying another food, such as butter with bread, etc.”).


teyrn

cy-noun

teyrn m (plural teyrnedd or teyrniaid or teyrnion)

teyrnedd (plural)
teyrniaid (plural)
teyrnion (plural)
teyrn
deyrn (soft)
nheyrn
theyrn

From Middle Welsh teyrn, from Old Welsh *tigern, from Proto-Brythonic *tɨɣern, from Proto-Celtic *tigernos; compare Old Irish tigerna.


gwas

From Middle Welsh gwas, from Old Welsh guas, from Proto-Brythonic *gwass, from Proto-Celtic *uɸostos (“servant”). Compare Breton gwaz.

best man (attendant to the groom at a wedding)


casáu

cy-verb

casáu (first-person singular present casâf)

casâf (first-person present singular)
casâf (first-person future indicative present singular)
casei (future indicative present second-person singular)
casâ (future indicative present singular third-person)
casawn (first-person future indicative plural present)
casewch (future indicative plural present second-person)
casânt (future indicative plural present third-person)
caseir (future impersonal indicative present)
casawn (conditional first-person singular)
casawn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
casait (conditional second-person singular)
casait (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
casâi (conditional singular third-person)
casâi (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
casaem (conditional first-person plural)
casaem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
casaech (conditional plural second-person)
casaech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
casaent (conditional plural third-person)
casaent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
caseid (conditional impersonal)
caseid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
caseais (first-person preterite singular)
caseaist (preterite second-person singular)
casaodd (preterite singular third-person)
casasom (first-person plural preterite)
casasoch (plural preterite second-person)
casasant (plural preterite third-person)
casawyd (impersonal preterite)
casaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
casasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
casasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
casasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
casasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
casasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
casasid (impersonal pluperfect)
casesid (impersonal pluperfect)
casawyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
caseych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
casao (present singular subjunctive third-person)
casaom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
casaoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
casaont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
casaer (impersonal present subjunctive)
casâ (imperative second-person singular)
casaed (imperative singular third-person)
casawn (first-person imperative plural)
casewch (imperative plural second-person)
casaent (imperative plural third-person)
casaer (imperative impersonal)
casáu (noun-from-verb)
casedig (participle)
casadwy (participle)
casâ i (first-person future singular)
casai di (future second-person singular)
casaith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
casaiff e (future singular third-person)
casawn ni (first-person future plural)
casawch chi (future plural second-person)
casân nhw (future plural third-person)
casawn i (conditional first-person singular)
casaswn i (conditional first-person singular)
casaet ti (conditional second-person singular)
casaset ti (conditional second-person singular)
casâi fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
casasai fo (conditional singular third-person)
casaen ni (conditional first-person plural)
casasen ni (conditional first-person plural)
casaech chi (conditional plural second-person)
casasech chi (conditional plural second-person)
casaen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
casasen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
casaes i (first-person preterite singular)
casaest ti (preterite second-person singular)
casaodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
casaon ni (first-person plural preterite)
casaoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
casaon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
casâ (imperative second-person singular)
casawch (imperative plural second-person)
casáu
gasáu (soft)
nghasáu
chasáu

From cas (“bitterness, hatred, enmity”) + -áu.


maesa

cy-verb

maesa (first-person singular present maesaf)

maes (“field”) + -a. The sense of defecate may come via the preposition mas (“out”), itself a derivation of maes.

University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies


malwod

cy-noun

malwod f (collective, singulative malwoden or malwen)

malwoden (singulative)
malwen (singulative)
malwod
falwod (soft)

From Old Welsh meluet, from Proto-Brythonic *melw- (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *meldo- (“pleasant, mild”), *mlido (“soft”), from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥dus (“soft, weak”).
Compare Breton melc'hwed, Cornish melhwes, (compare Breton melw (“snot”)). Also see Gaulish *multon- (“sheep”), which could be related.

cysgu yn llety’r falwoden

to sleep by an outside wall; to sleep in the snail's lodgings

(weaponry) slugs (pieces of metal fired from a gun)

(transferred sense) segments (of orange etc.)


ffrind

cy-noun

ffrind m (plural ffrindiau or ffrinds or ffrins or ffryns, not mutable)

ffrindiau (plural)
ffrinds (plural)
ffrins (plural)
ffryns (plural)

Borrowed from Middle English frind, from Old English frēond (“friend, relative, lover; literally, loving [one]”), from Proto-Germanic *frijōndz (“lover, friend”).

der

friend, relative, lover; literally, loving 􂀿one􂁀


gof

Inherited from Middle Welsh gof, from Proto-Brythonic *goβ, from Proto-Celtic *gobanns. Compare Old Irish gobae.


siaced

Inherited from Middle Welsh siacet, from Middle English jacket, from Middle French jacquet, diminutive of Old French jaque.


hallt

cy-adj

hallt (feminine singular hallt, plural heilltion, equative hallted, comparative halltach, superlative halltaf, not mutable)

hallt (feminine singular)
heilltion (plural)
hallted (equative)
halltach (comparative)
halltaf (superlative)
hallt

Proto-Celtic *saltos, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂l-tós, from the root *seh₂l- (“salt”).


plastig

cy-noun

plastig m (plural plastigau or plastigiau or plastigion)

plastigau (plural)
plastigiau (plural)
plastigion (plural)


plastig

cy-adj

plastig (feminine singular plastig, plural plastig, not comparable)

plastig (feminine singular)
plastig (plural)
plastig
blastig (soft)
mhlastig
phlastig


siocled

head

siocled m (plural siocledi, singulative siocledyn, not mutable)

siocledi (plural)
siocledyn (singulative)

Borrowed from English chocolate, from Spanish chocolate, from Classical Nahuatl chocolātl.


gwlân

gwlanoedd (plural)
gwlân
wlân (soft)
ngwlân

From Proto-Brythonic *gwlan, from Proto-Celtic *wlanā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂.


delysg

From Proto-Celtic *dolisko-, *dulisko- (compare Irish duileasc, Breton tellesk), from *dol-, *dulā-, *dulyo- (“leaf”) (whence Welsh dail).

Palmaria palmata
Palmaria palmata#Translingual

Fucus palmatus
Wikispecies:Fucus palmatus

dulse (a seaweed of a reddish-brown color, Palmaria palmata (syn. Fucus palmatus), which is sometimes eaten, as in Wales and Scotland)


nith

From Proto-Brythonic *nėθ, from Proto-Celtic *nextī, from Proto-Indo-European *néptih₂ (“niece, granddaughter”)


clybiau

clybiau
glybiau (soft)
nghlybiau
chlybiau


pâl

Borrowed from Latin pala; compare Breton pal, Cornish pal.


cyfnither

cy-noun

cyfnither f (plural cyfnitheroedd or cyfnitherwydd, masculine cefnder)

cyfnitheroedd (plural)
cyfnitherwydd (plural)
cefnder (masculine)
cyfnither
gyfnither (soft)
nghyfnither
chyfnither

From cyf- + nith (“niece”) + dderw (“true”).


crys

crys m (plural crysau, diminutive crysan)

crysau (plural)
crysan (diminutive)
crys
grys (soft)
nghrys
chrys

From Proto-Celtic *krissus (“belt”) (compare Cornish krys, Breton krez, Irish crios (“belt, girdle”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kerdʰ- (compare Proto-Slavic *čersъ (“money belt”)).


sbectol

sbectol f (plural sbectolau or sbectols, not mutable)


gôl

Borrowed from English goal. Doublet of gâl (“goal”, obsolete).


cyfrol

cyfrolau (plural)
cyfrol
gyfrol (soft)
nghyfrol
chyfrol


brechdan

brechdanau (plural)
brechdan
frechdan (soft)
mrechdan

From Middle Irish brechtán (“bread with butter spread on it”) (obsolete Irish breachtán), from brecht (“variegated, multicolored”), from Old Irish mrecht, from Proto-Celtic *mrixtos (“painted, speckled”).


chwarae

cy-noun

chwarae m (plural chwaraeon, not mutable)

From Middle Welsh chwarae, from Old Welsh guaroimaou (“playground”). Of uncertain ultimate origin; VGK suggests Proto-Celtic *worigo-, related to Irish fuirech (*fo-rig), second element possibly related to *regeti (“to stretch, straighten”)).
Cognate with Cornish gwari and Breton c'hoari.

torri ar chwarae rhywun

to put a spoke in someone's wheel, put an end to someone’s antics


nofio

From nawf (“swimming”) + -io, from Middle Welsh nawf, from Proto-Brythonic *hnọβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *snāmus, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)n̥h₂-mós, from *(s)neh₂- (“to swim”).
Compare Middle Welsh nawf. Cognate with Cornish neuvya, Breton neuial (compare Middle Breton neuff).


pêl-droed

pêl-droed
bêl-droed (soft)
mhêl-droed
phêl-droed


uwd

uwd m (usually uncountable, plural iydoedd)

From Middle Welsh iwt, from Old Welsh iot, from Proto-Celtic *yut-, *yot-. The Celtic is traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *yewH-s- (“sap, juice, broth”), from *yewH- (“to blend, mix (food), knead”).
However, Matasovic is skeptical of links to Proto-Indo-European, due to the laryngeal in the reconstructed form showing no traces in Celtic, and considers the word a substrate borrowing.
Cognate with Breton yod, Cornish yôs, Old Irish íth, as well as Gallo-Latin iotta, iutta (borrowed from Celtic).


cyflwynydd

cyflwynyddion (plural)
cyflwynydd
gyflwynydd (soft)
nghyflwynydd
chyflwynydd

From cyflwyno (“to present, introduce”) + -ydd.

affix

master of ceremonies
master of ceremonies

presenter, compere, master of ceremonies


meddyg

From Middle Welsh meðyc, from Proto-Brythonic *meðɨg, borrowed from Latin medicus (“doctor”). Cognate with Cornish medhek, Breton mezeg, Middle Irish midach.


priod

cy-adj

priod (feminine singular priod, plural priod, not comparable)

priod (feminine singular)
priod (plural)

From Middle Welsh priawt, from Proto-Brythonic *priọd, borrowed from Latin prīvātus. Cognate with Cornish pries, Breton pried. Doublet of preifat, a later borrowing via English.


priod

priodau (plural)
priod
briod (soft)
mhriod
phriod


meddyges

meddygesau (plural)
meddyges
feddyges (soft)


oed

From Middle Welsh oet, from Old Welsh oit, from Proto-Brythonic *oɨd, from Proto-Celtic *aitom. Cognate with Breton oad, Cornish ooj, oos.

Faint ydy ei oed o?

Mae o'n dri deg dwy oed.


cawl

cawlen (diminutive)
cawl
gawl (soft)
nghawl
chawl

→ English: cawl

From Middle Welsh cawl, from Proto-Brythonic *kawl, from Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”). Cognate with Cornish kowl, Breton kaol.

der

(figuratively) mixture, hodgepodge, mess

soup, pottage, broth; gruel
mixture, hodgepodge, mess


gwisg

gwisgoedd (plural)
gwisg
wisg (soft)
ngwisg

From Proto-Brythonic *gwesk, from Proto-Celtic *weskā, itself from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to dress, clothe”).
Cognate with Latin vestis, English wear, Old Armenian զգեստ (zgest), Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹 (wasti), Tocharian B wastsi, and Ancient Greek εἷμα (heîma, “garment”).
In Celtic, compare Old Cornish guisc, Breton gwisk.


ysmygu

cy-verb

ysmygu (first-person singular present ysmygaf)

ysmygaf (first-person present singular)
ysmygaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
ysmygi (future indicative present second-person singular)
ysmyga (future indicative present singular third-person)
ysmygwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
ysmygwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
ysmygant (future indicative plural present third-person)
ysmygir (future impersonal indicative present)
ysmygwn (conditional first-person singular)
ysmygwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
ysmygit (conditional second-person singular)
ysmygit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
ysmygai (conditional singular third-person)
ysmygai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
ysmygem (conditional first-person plural)
ysmygem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
ysmygech (conditional plural second-person)
ysmygech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
ysmygent (conditional plural third-person)
ysmygent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
ysmygid (conditional impersonal)
ysmygid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
ysmygais (first-person preterite singular)
ysmygaist (preterite second-person singular)
ysmygodd (preterite singular third-person)
ysmygasom (first-person plural preterite)
ysmygasoch (plural preterite second-person)
ysmygasant (plural preterite third-person)
ysmygwyd (impersonal preterite)
ysmygaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
ysmygasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
ysmygasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
ysmygasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
ysmygasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
ysmygasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
ysmygasid (impersonal pluperfect)
ysmygesid (impersonal pluperfect)
ysmygwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ysmygych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
ysmygo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ysmygom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
ysmygoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ysmygont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ysmyger (impersonal present subjunctive)
ysmyga (imperative second-person singular)
ysmyged (imperative singular third-person)
ysmygwn (first-person imperative plural)
ysmygwch (imperative plural second-person)
ysmygent (imperative plural third-person)
ysmyger (imperative impersonal)
ysmygu (noun-from-verb)
ysmyga i (first-person future singular)
ysmygaf i (first-person future singular)
ysmygi di (future second-person singular)
ysmygith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
ysmygiff e (future singular third-person)
ysmygwn ni (first-person future plural)
ysmygwch chi (future plural second-person)
ysmygan nhw (future plural third-person)
ysmygwn i (conditional first-person singular)
ysmygswn i (conditional first-person singular)
ysmyget ti (conditional second-person singular)
ysmygset ti (conditional second-person singular)
ysmygai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
ysmygsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
ysmygen ni (conditional first-person plural)
ysmygsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
ysmygech chi (conditional plural second-person)
ysmygsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
ysmygen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ysmygsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ysmygais i (first-person preterite singular)
ysmyges i (first-person preterite singular)
ysmygaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
ysmygest ti (preterite second-person singular)
ysmygodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
ysmygon ni (first-person plural preterite)
ysmygoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
ysmygon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
ysmyga (imperative second-person singular)
ysmygwch (imperative plural second-person)


tylwyth

tylwythau (plural)
tylwyth
dylwyth (soft)
nhylwyth
thylwyth

From tŷ (“house”) + llwyth (“people”). Akin to teulu and present in Tylwyth Teg (“fair folk (elves, fairies)”).


brecwast

brecwastau (plural)
brecwast
frecwast (soft)
mrecwast


cyfreithwraig

cy-noun

cyfreithwraig f (plural cyfreithwragedd)

cyfreithwragedd (plural)
cyfreithwraig
gyfreithwraig (soft)
nghyfreithwraig
chyfreithwraig

From cyfraith (“law”) + -wraig (“woman”).


cyfreithiwr

cyfreithwyr (plural)
cyfreithiwr
gyfreithiwr (soft)
nghyfreithiwr
chyfreithiwr


ymwelwr

ymwelwr m (plural ymwelwyr, feminine ymwelwraig)

ymwelwyr (plural)
ymwelwraig (feminine)
ymwelwr
hymwelwr (prothesis-h)


taith

teithiau (plural)
taith
daith (soft)
nhaith
thaith

From Middle Welsh teith, from Proto-Brythonic *tėθ, from Proto-Celtic *tixtā, verbal noun from *teigeti (“to go”). Cognate with Old Irish techt.


llenyddiaeth

llenyddiaethau (plural)
llenyddiaeth
lenyddiaeth (soft)

/ɬɛˈnəðjaɨ̯θ/

/ɬɛˈnəðjai̯θ/

From llenydd (“literary man, author, scholar”) + -iaeth.


llenydda

From llenydd (“literary person”), from llên (“literature”) + -ydd (agent suffix).

suffix

(rare) to practise literature; to be involved in literature through composition, study or simply interest


gofynnod

gofynnodau (plural)
gofynnod
ofynnod (soft)
ngofynnod


sillgoll

cy-noun

sillgoll f (plural sillgollau, not mutable)


cysylltnod

cysylltnodau (plural)
cysylltnod
gysylltnod (soft)
nghysylltnod
chysylltnod

From cyswllt (“connection”) + nod (“mark”).


ebychnod

ebychnodau (plural)
ebychnod
hebychnod (prothesis-h)

From ebychu (“to exclaim”) + nod (“mark”).


atalnod llawn

atalnod llawn m (plural atalnodau llawn)

atalnodau llawn (plural)
atalnod llawn
hatalnod llawn (prothesis-h)


atalnod

atalnodau (plural)
atalnod
hatalnod (prothesis-h)

From atal (“impediment, hindrance”) + nod (“mark”).


collnod

collnodau (plural)
collnod
gollnod (soft)
nghollnod
chollnod


dyfynnod

dyfynodau (plural)
dyfynnod
ddyfynnod (soft)
nyfynnod

From dyfynnu (“to quote”) + nod (“mark”).


cromfach

cromfachau (plural)
cromfach
gromfach (soft)
nghromfach
chromfach

From crom, crwm (“convex; crooked, bent, curved, bowed, hooked; crook-backed, stooping”) + bach (“hook; bend, corner; hinge; bracket”).

affix

(typography) bracket (UK), parenthesis (US)


cynnig

cynigion (plural)
cynnig
gynnig (soft)
nghynnig
chynnig

From Middle Welsh kynnic, from Proto-Brythonic *kunnigɨd, borrowed from Latin condīcō (“to talk something over together”) (compare Breton kinnig, Cornish kynnik).


crempog

crempogau (plural)
crempog
grempog (soft)
nghrempog
chrempog

Related to English crumpet; it is unclear which language borrowed from which. Compare also Breton krampouezh.


bara brith

From bara (“bread”) + brith (“speckled, mottled”), literally "speckled bread".


sallwyr

cy-noun

sallwyr m (plural sallwyrau, not mutable)

From Latin psaltērium (“psaltery”), from Ancient Greek ψαλτήριον (psaltḗrion, “a harp”).


nabl

cy-noun

nabl m or f (plural nablau, not mutable)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek νάβλα (nábla), from Biblical Hebrew נֵ֤בֶל (nēḇel).

(biblical, historical, music) a nabla, a psaltery


siop goffi

siop goffi f (plural siopau coffi, not mutable)

/ˌʃɔp ˈɡɔfi/


gorchaw

gorchawon (plural)
gorchaw
orchaw (soft)
ngorchaw

From gor- (“over, hyper-”) + caw (“bandage, knot”).


siwrnai

cy-noun

siwrnai f (plural siwrneiau or siwrneion, not mutable)

Borrowed from Middle English journee, from Old French jornee, from Vulgar Latin *diurnāta. Doublet of diwrnod.


ciwdod

ciwdod m or f (plural ciwdodau or ciwdodoedd)

ciwdodau (plural)
ciwdodoedd (plural)
ciwdod
giwdod (soft)
nghiwdod
chiwdod

From Middle Welsh kiwdawt, from Proto-Brythonic *kiwdọd, borrowed from Latin cīvitātem, the accusative singular of cīvitās. Doublet of ciwed, which is from the nominative.

people (group of persons forming or belonging to a particular nation)


lliwydd

lliwyddion (plural)
lliwydd
liwydd (soft)


brwyn

From Middle Welsh brwyn, from Proto-Celtic *brugnos. Cognate with Irish brón.


brwyn

brwynen (singulative)
brwyn
frwyn (soft)
mrwyn

From Proto-Celtic *brīnika (“stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrugh-no- (“twig”), see also Old English brogne, perhaps related to the root of English brush.

rushes (plants of the genus Juncus; their stems used as a material)


gŵyth

gwythau (plural)
gwythi (plural)
gŵyth
ŵyth (soft)
ngŵyth


rhwyd

rhwydi (plural)
rhwydau (plural)
rhwyd
rwyd (soft)

From Middle Welsh rwyt, from Proto-Brythonic *rruɨd, from Latin rēte.

net (mesh; device made of mesh for catching fish, birds, etc.)


tywod

tywod m (plural tywodydd, diminutive tywodyn)

tywodydd (plural)
tywodyn (diminutive)
tywod
dywod (soft)
nhywod
thywod


twll

tyllau (plural)
twll
dwll (soft)
nhwll
thwll

From Middle Welsh twll, from Proto-Celtic *tullom, *tullos (“hole”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewk- (“to push, hit”). Cognate with Irish toll (“hole”).


prawf

Denominative from profi, which is from Latin probo.


pridd

cy-noun

pridd m (plural priddau or priddoedd or priddion)

priddau (plural)
priddoedd (plural)
priddion (plural)
pridd
bridd (soft)
mhridd
phridd

From Middle Welsh prið, Proto-Brythonic *prið, from Proto-Celtic *kʷrīyess.

(potter's) clay, mud or clay as building-material, mortar, plaster


saeth

From Middle Welsh saeth, from Proto-Brythonic *saɣeθ, a borrowing from Latin sagitta. Cognate with Cornish seth, Breton saezh, Irish saighead.


cywir

cywir m or f by sense (plural cywiriaid)

cywiriaid (plural)
cywir
gywir (soft)
nghywir
chywir

From Proto-Brythonic *köwir, from Proto-Celtic *kouwīros (compare Old Irish cóir), from *kom- + *wīros. Equivalent to cy- + gwir.

one who is loyal to a person (especially to a sovereign) or cause, staunch supporter, loyalist


braster

brasterau (plural)
braster
fraster (soft)
mraster


croesair

croesairiau (plural)
croesair
groesair (soft)
nghroesair
chroesair


canlynol

cy-adj

canlynol (feminine singular canlynol, plural canlynol, not comparable)

canlynol (feminine singular)
canlynol (plural)

following, succeeding, consequential, ensuing


canlynol

canlynolion (plural)
canlynol
ganlynol (soft)
nghanlynol
chanlynol


cymal

cymalau (plural)
cymal
gymal (soft)
nghymal
chymal


cwsmeres

cwsmeresau (plural)
cwsmeres
gwsmeres (soft)
nghwsmeres
chwsmeres


ysgrifen

ysgrifennau (plural)
ysgrifen
hysgrifen (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh ysgriuen, from Old Welsh scribenn, from Proto-Brythonic *skriβenn, borrowed from Latin scrībendum.


cwstard

head

cwstard m (singulative cwstarden, plural cwstardiau or cwstards)

cwstarden (singulative)
cwstardiau (plural)
cwstards (plural)
cwstard
gwstard (soft)
nghwstard
chwstard


dewin

dewiniaid (plural)
dewin
ddewin (soft)
newin

From Middle Welsh dewin, from Proto-Brythonic *dewin, from Vulgar Latin *devīnus, from Latin dīvīnus.


chwisgi

Borrowing from English whisky, from Irish uisce beatha and Scottish Gaelic uisge-beatha (literally “water of life”), calque of Latin aqua vitae, from Proto-Celtic *udenskyos (“water”) + Proto-Celtic *biwotos (“life”) (see *biwos (“alive”)).


eisteddfodwr

eisteddfodwyr (plural)
eisteddfodwr
heisteddfodwr (prothesis-h)

Fel eisteddfodwr, cystal ag fel cymanfâwr, gormod o duedd i daflu allan sylwadau rhy ddigrifol fyddai ei “bechod parod i'w amgylchu,” yr hyn, er hyny, iddo ef, oedd mor naturiol ag anadlu.

1891, Y Geninen: cylchgrawn chwarterol cenedlaethol, Caernarfon, page 206:

As one who often frequented eisteddfodau, as much as he did singing festivals, his overfondness for making off-the-cuff humorous remarks was his “ever-present besetting sin”, which, in spite of that, was to him as natural as breathing.

eisteddfodwr, one who frequents eisteddfodau, especially as a competitor


cleddyf

cleddyfau (plural)
cleddyf
gleddyf (soft)
nghleddyf
chleddyf

From Middle Welsh cledyf, from Proto-Brythonic *klėðɨβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *kladiwos (compare Old Irish claideb, Breton klezeñv).


torth

torthau (plural)
torth
dorth (soft)
nhorth
thorth

From Proto-Brythonic *torθ, ultimately from Latin turta (perhaps borrowed via early Gallo-Romance).


ymherodr

cy-noun

ymherodr m (plural ymerodrion, feminine ymerodres)

ymerodrion (plural)
ymerodres (feminine)
ymherodr
hymherodr (prothesis-h)

From Proto-Brythonic *ɨmperọdr, from Latin imperātor.


gwerin

gwerinoedd (plural)
gwerin
werin (soft)
ngwerin

From Proto-Brythonic *gwörin (compare Old Breton guerin glossing Latin factiō, Middle Breton gueryn (“people”)), from Proto-Celtic *worīnā (compare Old Irish foirenn glossing factiō, modern Irish foireann (“staff, team”)).

people, populace, peasantry, folk, democracy, proletariat, liegemen; mob, rabble, troop, throng, host, multitude, rank and file of army; nation


pupur

puprau (plural)
pupur
bupur (soft)
mhupur
phupur

From Old English pipor, from Latin piper. Doublet of pybyr, directly from Latin.

(uncountable) pepper (spice and condiment)


rhiain

From Middle Welsh riein, from Proto-Brythonic *rriɣėn (“queen”), from Proto-Celtic *rīganī.


llwdn

From Proto-Celtic *lutno- (“(young) animal”) (compare Breton loen (“animal”), Cornish lodn), from Proto-Indo-European *polH- (“animal young”), ultimately from *peh₂w- (“smallness”), see also Ancient Greek πῶλος (pôlos), English foal, Albanian pelë (“mare”), Old Armenian ուլ (ul, “kid, fawn”)).

der

(figuratively) young man, youth, oaf, dolt


cwning

cy-noun

cwning f (collective, singulative cwningen)

cwningen (singulative)
cwning
gwning (soft)
nghwning
chwning

Borrowed from Middle English conynges, the plural of conynge, borrowed from Anglo-Norman conil, from Latin cunīculus (“rabbit”).


dryw

From Middle Welsh dryw, from Proto-Brythonic *drüw, from Proto-Celtic *druwits, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“tree”) + *weyd- (“to see, to know”), hence meaning "tree-knower".


niwclear

cy-adj

niwclear (feminine singular niwclear, plural niwclear, not comparable, not mutable)

niwclear (feminine singular)
niwclear (plural)


wynwyn

cy-noun

wynwyn m (collective, singulative wynwynyn)

wynwynyn (singulative)
wynwyn
hwynwyn (prothesis-h)


corfflunio

cy-verb

corfflunio (first-person singular present corffluniaf)

corffluniaf (first-person present singular)
corffluniaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
corffluni (future indicative present second-person singular)
corffluni (future indicative present singular third-person)
corfflunia (future indicative present singular third-person)
corffluniwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
corffluniwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
corffluniant (future indicative plural present third-person)
corfflunir (future impersonal indicative present)
corffluniwn (conditional first-person singular)
corffluniwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
corfflunit (conditional second-person singular)
corfflunit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
corffluniai (conditional singular third-person)
corffluniai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
corffluniem (conditional first-person plural)
corffluniem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
corffluniech (conditional plural second-person)
corffluniech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
corfflunient (conditional plural third-person)
corfflunient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
corfflunid (conditional impersonal)
corfflunid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
corffluniais (first-person preterite singular)
corffluniaist (preterite second-person singular)
corffluniodd (preterite singular third-person)
corffluniasom (first-person plural preterite)
corffluniasoch (plural preterite second-person)
corffluniasant (plural preterite third-person)
corffluniwyd (impersonal preterite)
corffluniaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
corffluniasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
corffluniasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
corffluniasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
corffluniasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
corffluniasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
corffluniasid (impersonal pluperfect)
corffluniesid (impersonal pluperfect)
corffluniwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
corffluniech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
corfflunio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
corffluniom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
corfflunioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
corffluniont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
corfflunier (impersonal present subjunctive)
corfflunia (imperative second-person singular)
corfflunied (imperative singular third-person)
corffluniwn (first-person imperative plural)
corffluniwch (imperative plural second-person)
corfflunient (imperative plural third-person)
corfflunier (imperative impersonal)
corfflunio (noun-from-verb)
corffluniedig (participle)
corffluniadwy (participle)
corfflunia i (first-person future singular)
corffluniaf i (first-person future singular)
corffluni di (future second-person singular)
corfflunith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
corffluniff e (future singular third-person)
corffluniwn ni (first-person future plural)
corffluniwch chi (future plural second-person)
corfflunian nhw (future plural third-person)
corffluniwn i (conditional first-person singular)
corfflunswn i (conditional first-person singular)
corffluniet ti (conditional second-person singular)
corfflunset ti (conditional second-person singular)
corffluniai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
corfflunsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
corfflunien ni (conditional first-person plural)
corfflunsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
corffluniech chi (conditional plural second-person)
corfflunsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
corfflunien nhw (conditional plural third-person)
corfflunsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
corffluniais i (first-person preterite singular)
corfflunies i (first-person preterite singular)
corffluniaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
corffluniest ti (preterite second-person singular)
corffluniodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
corfflunion ni (first-person plural preterite)
corfflunioch chi (plural preterite second-person)
corfflunion nhw (plural preterite third-person)
corfflunia (imperative second-person singular)
corffluniwch (imperative plural second-person)
corfflunio
gorfflunio (soft)
nghorfflunio
chorfflunio

From corff (body) + llunio (to fashion, to design, to form, to construct).


wnion

wnionyn (singulative)
wnion
hwnion (prothesis-h)


garlleg

head

garlleg m pl or f pl (masculine singulative garllegyn, feminine singulative garllegen)

garllegyn (masculine singulative)
garllegen (feminine singulative)
garlleg
arlleg (soft)
ngarlleg


èch

The name of the Latin-script letter Ch/ch.


èdd

The name of the Latin-script letter Dd/dd.


ffi

The name of the Latin-script letter Ph/ph.


melin goffi

melinau coffi (plural)
melin goffi
felin goffi (soft)


tafarn goffi

tafarnau coffi (plural)
tafarn goffi
dafarn goffi (soft)
nhafarn goffi
thafarn goffi


bar coffi

bariau coffi (plural)
bar coffi
far coffi (soft)
mar coffi


bacwn

bacynau (plural)
bacwn
facwn (soft)
macwn


tegan

teganau (plural)
tegan
degan (soft)
nhegan
thegan

(figuratively) one's loved one, pet, favourite


gwreiddiadur

gwreiddiaduron (plural)
gwreiddiadur
wreiddiadur (soft)
ngwreiddiadur

/ɡwrɛɨ̞̯ðˈjadɨ̞r/

an etymological dictionary, an etymologicon


mantell

From Latin mantellum (“cloak”), diminutive of mantum, of Gaulish origin.


finegr

From Middle Welsh vinegyr, from Middle English vynegre, from Old French vinaigre, from Latin vīnum ācre (literally “sour wine”)


heddwas

cy-noun

heddwas m (plural heddweision, not mutable)


nyrs

nurse (person trained to provide care for the sick)


ieithadur

ieithaduron (plural)
ieithadur
hieithadur (prothesis-h)


achan

(South Wales, colloquial, used in the vocative) A term of address for a male. mate, dude, man


offeiriad

From the root of offeren (“Mass”) + -iad.


pwd

(veterinary medicine, with definite article) various diseases of livestock including:


chwerw

cy-adj

chwerw (feminine singular chwerw, plural chwerwon, equative chwerwed, comparative chwerwach, superlative chwerwaf, not mutable)

chwerw (feminine singular)
chwerwon (plural)
chwerwed (equative)
chwerwach (comparative)
chwerwaf (superlative)

From Middle Welsh chwerw, from Proto-Brythonic *hwerw, from Proto-Celtic *swerwos.


bwa

From Middle Welsh bwa, from Middle English bowe, from Old English boga.


telynor

telynorion (plural)
telynor
delynor (soft)
nhelynor
thelynor


iogwrt

iogyrtiau (plural)
iogwrt
hiogwrt (prothesis-h)

Borrowed from English yoghurt, itself a borrowing from Ottoman Turkish یوغورت (yoğurt).


sglodyn

cy-noun

sglodyn m (plural sglodion or sglods, not mutable)

Formerly
the singulative of ysglod (“chips, splinters, shavings”) from older asglod, from Proto-Brythonic *asklọd, a suffixed derivative of Late Latin ascla, from Latin assula.

chip, French fry (fried strips of potato of square or rectangular cross-section)


cyfrifydd

cyfrifyddion (plural)
cyfrifydd
gyfrifydd (soft)
nghyfrifydd
chyfrifydd

/kəvˈrɪvɨ̞ð/


derbynnydd

derbynyddion (plural)
derbynnydd
dderbynnydd (soft)
nerbynnydd

/dɛrˈbənɨ̞ð/


ergyd

ergydion (plural)
ergyd
hergyd (prothesis-h)


llinell

llinellau (plural)
llinell
linell (soft)

From llin (from Latin līnea (“line”)), + -ell (diminutive suffix).


peniad

peniadau (plural)
peniad
beniad (soft)
mheniad
pheniad


golwr

golwyr (plural)
golwr
olwr (soft)
ngolwr


sinamon

From English cinnamon, from Old French cinnamone, from Latin cinnamon, cinnamomum, from Ancient Greek κίνναμον (kínnamon), κιννάμωμον (kinnámōmon), from Semitic.


bonet

boneti (plural)
bonetau (plural)
bonet
fonet (soft)
monet

From Middle French bonet, possibly via Middle English bonet.


emeri

emery (form of corundum ore used to polish metal)


llost

From Middle Welsh llost, from Proto-Brythonic *llost, from Proto-Celtic *lustā, from the Proto-Indo-European root *lew- (“todivide, to split”), possibly related to Old Norse ljósta (“to strike”). Cognate with Breton lost, Cornish lost, Gaulish losto-,

(poetry) the last section of a line of rhupunt, maintaing the main rhyme, a penis


ffedog

Clipping of arffedog, from arffed (“lap”)


garddwr

garddwr m (plural garddwyr, feminine garddwraig)

garddwyr (plural)
garddwraig (feminine)
garddwr
arddwr (soft)
ngarddwr


tegell

tegelli (plural)
tegellau (plural)
tegell
degell (soft)
nhegell
thegell

Borrowed from English teakettle (possibly reanalysed as te (“tea”) + cell (“cell”)).


cigydd

cigyddion (plural)
cigydd
gigydd (soft)
nghigydd
chigydd

butcher (one who slaughters animals for meat or sells meat)

(figurative) butcher (a brutal or indiscriminate killer)

Peter Hayman
w:Peter Hayman (ornithologist)

Gwasg Carreg Gwalch
w:Gwasg Carreg Gwalch

(ornithology) shrike (cf. English butcherbird)


barcud

barcud m (plural barcutiaid or barcudiaid)

barcutiaid (plural)
barcudiaid (plural)
barcud
farcud (soft)
marcud

Equivalent to bery (“bird of prey”) + cud (“kite”).


awdur

awdur m (plural awduron, feminine awdures)

awduron (plural)
awdures (feminine)
awdur
hawdur (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh awdur, from Proto-Brythonic *audʉr, from Vulgar Latin *autor, from Latin auctor.


ffermwr

ffermwr m (plural ffermwyr, not mutable)


mynegfys

mynegfysedd (plural)
mynegfys
fynegfys (soft)

From mynegi (“to express”) + bys (“finger”).


Parchedig

Parchedigion (plural)
Parchedig
Barchedig (soft)
Mharchedig
Pharchedig


serch

serch m (plural serchiadau, not mutable)

From Proto-Indo-European *sterg- (literally “to cover, to protect”). Cognate with Breton serc'h (“concubine”), Old Irish serc (“love”); outside of Celtic, compare Ancient Greek στέργω (stérgō, “to love; to be content”).

cog

Canodd Elanor gân serch i'w chariad.

Dwi'n mwynhau darllen nofelau serch.

O deimlad a serch wedi eu disgyblu y ceir y doethineb uchaf.

1929, D. J. Williams, A.E. a Chymru, Aberystwyth: Gwasg Aberystwyth:

The highest wisdom comes from disciplined emotion and love.


clof

clofs (plural)
clof
glof (soft)
nghlof
chlof


mesur

From Middle Welsh messur, from Old Welsh mesur, from Proto-Brythonic *mesʉr, from British Vulgar Latin *mesūra, from Latin mēnsūra.


teithiwr

teithwyr (plural)
teithiwr
deithiwr (soft)
nheithiwr
theithiwr

From teithio (“to travel”) + -wr (“-er”).


cyfranddaliwr

cyfranddalwyr (plural)
cyfranddaliwr
gyfranddaliwr (soft)
nghyfranddaliwr
chyfranddaliwr

From cyfran (“share”) + daliwr (“holder”).


arwr

cy-noun

arwr m (plural arwyr, feminine arwres or arwraig)

arwyr (plural)
arwres (feminine)
arwraig (feminine)
arwr
harwr (prothesis-h)


hoyw

cy-adj

hoyw (feminine singular hoyw, plural hoywon, equative hoywed, comparative hoywach, superlative hoywaf, not mutable)

hoyw (feminine singular)
hoywon (plural)
hoywed (equative)
hoywach (comparative)
hoywaf (superlative)


medd

From Middle Welsh medd, from Proto-Brythonic *með, from Proto-Celtic *medu (“mead”), from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu (“honey; honey wine”).


ceufad

ceufadau (plural)
ceufad
geufad (soft)
ngheufad
cheufad


Sgandinafiad

cy-noun

Sgandinafiad m or f by sense (plural Sgandinafiaid, not mutable)


Llychlynnwr

Llychlynwyr (plural)
Llychlynnwr
Lychlynnwr (soft)


siocled poeth

siocled poeth m (uncountable, not mutable)

/ˌʃɔklɛd ˈpoːɨ̯θ/

/ˌʃɔklad ˈpoːɨ̯θ/

/ˌʃɔklɛd ˈpɔi̯θ/

/ˌʃɔklɛd ˈpoːθ/


teulu brenhinol

teulu brenhinol m (plural teuluoedd brenhinol)

teuluoedd brenhinol (plural)
teulu brenhinol
deulu brenhinol (soft)
nheulu brenhinol
theulu brenhinol


clustdlws

clustdlysau (plural)
clustdlws
glustdlws (soft)
nghlustdlws
chlustdlws

clust (“ear”) + tlws (“trinket, decoration”)


telynores

telynoresau (plural)
telynores
delynores (soft)
nhelynores
thelynores


anghymreig

cy-adj

anghymreig (feminine singular anghymreig, plural anghymreig, not comparable)

anghymreig (feminine singular)
anghymreig (plural)
anghymreig
hanghymreig (prothesis-h)


Aelod Cynulliad

cy-noun

Aelod Cynulliad m (plural Aelodau Cynulliad)

Aelodau Cynulliad (plural)
Aelod Cynulliad
Haelod Cynulliad (prothesis-h)

National Assembly for Wales
National Assembly for Wales

(politics) Assembly Member (member of the National Assembly for Wales)


e-lyfr

e-lyfrau (plural)
e-lyfr
he-lyfr (prothesis-h)

/ˈeːlɨ̞vɨ̞r/


cinio

ciniawau (plural)
cinio
ginio (soft)
nghinio
chinio

From Middle Welsh kinyaw, from Proto-Brythonic *kinjọ, cognate with or from Latin cēna (“dinner”). Compare Cornish kinnyow. All probably from Proto-Indo-European *kért-sneh₂ (“portion”), from *(s)kert- (“to cut”), from *(s)ker- (compare Lithuanian kérti, Armenian քերթել (kʻertʻel, “to skin”), Sanskrit कृन्तति (kṛntati, “to cut (in pieces)”).


therapydd

cy-noun

therapydd m (plural therapyddion, not mutable)


bydwraig

bydwragedd (plural)
bydwraig
fydwraig (soft)
mydwraig


derwydd

derwyddon (plural)
derwydd
dderwydd (soft)
nerwydd

From Proto-Celtic *dru-wid- (literally “tree-knower”). Cognate with Welsh derw, Welsh dryw, Cornish drewydh, Breton drouiz, Irish draoi.


anghofrwydd

/aŋˈhɔvrʊɨ̯ð/

angof (“forgetfulness, oblivion”) + -rwydd.


pêl-fas

pêl-fas
bêl-fas (soft)
mhêl-fas
phêl-fas


pêl-rwyd

pêl-rwyd
bêl-rwyd (soft)
mhêl-rwyd
phêl-rwyd


pêl-fasged

pêl-fasged
bêl-fasged (soft)
mhêl-fasged
phêl-fasged


heddferch

cy-noun

heddferch f (plural heddferched, not mutable)


plismones

plismones f (plural plismonesau, masculine plismon)

plismonesau (plural)
plismon (masculine)
plismones
blismones (soft)
mhlismones
phlismones


plismon

plismon m (plural plismyn, feminine plismones)

plismyn (plural)
plismones (feminine)
plismon
blismon (soft)
mhlismon
phlismon


tegan anwes

teganau anwes (plural)
tegan anwes
degan anwes (soft)
nhegan anwes
thegan anwes


tegan meddal

teganau meddal (plural)
tegan meddal
degan meddal (soft)
nhegan meddal
thegan meddal


hirnod

For hir (“long”) + nod (“mark, symbol”) as a circumflex usually indicates a long vowel in Welsh.