robot

cy-noun

robot m (plural robotiaid or robotau, not mutable)

Borrowed from English robot, from Czech robot.


y

yau (plural)
y (mutation mutation-radical)
hy (mutation prothesis-h)

The name of the Latin-script letter Y/y.


plant

plant m (collective, singulative plentyn)

plentyn (singulative)
plant (mutation mutation-radical)
blant (mutation mutation-soft)
mhlant (mutation mutation-nasal)
phlant (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Old Welsh plant, from Latin planta.


can

From Middle Welsh and Old Welsh cant, from Proto-Brythonic *kant, from Proto-Celtic *kantom (“hundred”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

(cardinal number) Apocopic form of cant (“one hundred”)


i

ïau (plural)
i (mutation mutation-radical)
hi (mutation prothesis-h)

The name of the Latin-script letter I/i.


o

oau (plural)
o (mutation mutation-radical)
ho (mutation prothesis-h)

The name of the Latin-script letter O/o.


en

eniau (plural)
en (mutation mutation-radical)
hen (mutation prothesis-h)

The name of the Latin-script letter N/n.


el

eliau (plural)
el (mutation mutation-radical)
hel (mutation prothesis-h)

The name of the Latin-script letter L/l.


sill

sill f (plural sillau or silloedd, not mutable)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


pi

The name of the Latin-script letter P/p.


men

menni (plural)
mennau (plural)
men (mutation mutation-radical)
fen (mutation mutation-soft)

Variant of earlier ben, from Proto-Celtic *bend(n)ā (whence Latin benna), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (“to bind”).


amethyst

amethystau (plural)
amethyst (mutation mutation-radical)
hamethyst (mutation prothesis-h)


both

bothau (plural)
both (mutation mutation-radical)
foth (mutation mutation-soft)
moth (mutation mutation-nasal)

Probably ultimately from Proto-Celtic *buzdos (“tail, penis”) perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷosdʰos (“piece of wood”) (compare Proto-Slavic *gvozdь (“nail, tack, peg”)). Cognates include Cornish both (“hump, stud”), Breton bod (“bush, shrub”), Irish bod (“penis”), Manx bod (“penis”) and Manx bwoid (“penis”).


AC

(politics) Initialism of Aelod Cynulliad.


person

Ultimately borrowed from Latin persōna (“mask used by actor; role, part, character”), probably via Middle English or Old French persone (“human being”).

bor+

yn y trydydd person


car

ceir (plural)
car (mutation mutation-radical)
gar (mutation mutation-soft)
nghar (mutation mutation-nasal)
char (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh carr, from Proto-Brythonic *karr, from Proto-Celtic *karros.


as

asau (plural)
as (mutation mutation-radical)
has (mutation prothesis-h)


ail

cy-adj

ail (feminine singular ail, plural ail, not comparable)

ail (feminine singular)
ail (plural)
ail (mutation mutation-radical)
hail (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh eil, from Proto-Brythonic *ėl, from Proto-Celtic *alyos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos (“other”).

yr ail lawr


blew

blewyn (singulative)
blew (mutation mutation-radical)
flew (mutation mutation-soft)
mlew (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh blew; cognate with Breton blev and Cornish blew. Of uncertain ultimate origin and lacking Celtic cognates outside of Brythonic. Perhaps related to Ancient Greek φλόος (phlóos, “rind, bark”). Or, related to Lithuanian plùskos (“hair”) and Proto-West Germanic *fleus (“fleece”), from Proto-Indo-European *plews- (“to pull out, pluck”).

achub y blewyn a cholli’r bwrn

to be penny-wise and pound-foolish, to falsely economise


pen

From Middle Welsh and Old Welsh penn, from Proto-Brythonic *penn, from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom.

gobennu

to terminate, to accent on the penultimate syllable


man

cy-noun

man m (plural mannau or mannoedd, diminutive mannyn or mennyn)

mannau (plural)
mannoedd (plural)
mannyn (diminutive)
mennyn (diminutive)

Possibly from Latin menda (“defect, blemish, mistake”), from Proto-Indo-European *mend- (“physical defect, fault”); if so, then from the same origin as Etymology 1. See Old Irish mennar (“blemish, stain”).


dug

Borrowed from Middle English duk, itself a borrowing from Old French duc, from Latin dux.


Islam

Islam (mutation mutation-radical)
Hislam (mutation prothesis-h)

From Arabic إِسْلَام (ʔislām, “submission, surrender”), verbal noun of أَسْلَمَ (ʔaslama), from the root س ل م (s-l-m).


ben

benni (plural)
ben (mutation mutation-radical)
fen (mutation mutation-soft)
men (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh benn, from Proto-Brythonic *benn, from Proto-Celtic *bend(n)ā (whence Latin benna), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (“to bind”).


bore

boreau (plural)
bore (mutation mutation-radical)
fore (mutation mutation-soft)
more (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh bore, from Proto-Brythonic *bọreɣ, from Proto-Celtic *bāregos (“morning”). Cognate with Breton beure and Old Irish bárach (whence i mbárach (“tomorrow”), modern Irish amáireach and amárach).


had

head

had m pl or m sg (singulative hedyn, plural hadau)

From Middle Welsh hat, from Proto-Brythonic *had, from Proto-Celtic *satos, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₁-tó-, past participle of *seh₁- (“to sow”). Cognate with English seed.


angel

angylion (plural)
engyl (plural)
angel (mutation mutation-radical)
hangel (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh angel, from Proto-Brythonic *angel, a borrowing from Latin angelus, from Ancient Greek ἄγγελος m (ángelos, “messenger; one that announces”). Cognate with Cornish el, Breton ael.


pin

pinnau (plural)
pin (mutation mutation-radical)
bin (mutation mutation-soft)
mhin (mutation mutation-nasal)
phin (mutation mutation-aspirate)


tractor

cy-noun

tractor m (plural tractorau or tractors)

tractorau (plural)
tractors (plural)
tractor (mutation mutation-radical)
dractor (mutation mutation-soft)
nhractor (mutation mutation-nasal)
thractor (mutation mutation-aspirate)


actor

actorion (plural)
actor (mutation mutation-radical)
hactor (mutation prothesis-h)


er

eriau (plural)
er (mutation mutation-radical)
her (mutation prothesis-h)

The name of the Latin-script letter R/r.


bacteria

bacteria m (collective, singulative bacteriwm)

bacteriwm (singulative)
bacteria (mutation mutation-radical)
facteria (mutation mutation-soft)
macteria (mutation mutation-nasal)

From English bacteria, from New Latin bactēria, plural of bactērium, from Ancient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion, “little rod”).


cell

cy-noun

cell f (plural celloedd, diminutive cellan)

celloedd (plural)
cellan (diminutive)
cell (mutation mutation-radical)
gell (mutation mutation-soft)
nghell (mutation mutation-nasal)
chell (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh kell, from Proto-Brythonic *kell, from Latin cella.


penis

penis (mutation mutation-radical)
benis (mutation mutation-soft)
mhenis (mutation mutation-nasal)
phenis (mutation mutation-aspirate)


cut

Borrowed from Middle English [Term?], from Old Northern French cot, cote (“hut, cottage”).

der

hut, shed; cottage, hovel; pen, coop; cage


bag

bagiau (plural)
bag (mutation mutation-radical)
fag (mutation mutation-soft)
mag (mutation mutation-nasal)


ether

cy-noun

ether f (usually uncountable, plural ethra or ethera)

ethra (plural)
ethera (plural)
ether (mutation mutation-radical)
hether (mutation prothesis-h)

luminiferous aether
luminiferous aether#English

(uncountable, physics, historical) luminiferous aether (a substance formerly thought to fill all unoccupied space that allowed electromagnetic waves to pass through it and interact with matter, without interacting with them itself)

(uncountable, organic chemistry) ether, diethyl ether (C₄H₁₀O)

(countable) an ether (one of a class of organic compounds containing an oxygen atom bonded to two hydrocarbon groups)


piano

pianoau (plural)
pianos (plural)
piano (mutation mutation-radical)
biano (mutation mutation-soft)
mhiano (mutation mutation-nasal)
phiano (mutation mutation-aspirate)


sin

From English sine, from Latin sinus (“curve, bend; bosom”), a translation of Arabic جَيْب (jayb, “bosom”), from Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “sine, chord, bowstring”) through Sanskrit जीव (jīva, “sine, chord, life, existence”). Doublet of sinws (“sinus”).


bi

The name of the Latin-script letter B/b.


w

ŵau (plural)
w (mutation mutation-radical)
hw (mutation prothesis-h)

The name of the Latin-script letter W/w.


u

uau (plural)
u (mutation mutation-radical)
hu (mutation prothesis-h)

The name of the Latin-script letter U/u.


e

eau (plural)
e (mutation mutation-radical)
he (mutation prothesis-h)

The name of the Latin-script letter E/e.


brat

cy-noun

brat f (plural bratiau or bratau, diminutive bretyn)

bratiau (plural)
bratau (plural)
bretyn (diminutive)
brat (mutation mutation-radical)
frat (mutation mutation-soft)
mrat (mutation mutation-nasal)

Middle English bratt (“cloak”) or from Middle Irish bratt.


silicon

Borrowed from English silicon, a modification of silicium, from Latin silex (“flint, silica”).


cardinal

cardinaliaid (plural)
cardinal (mutation mutation-radical)
gardinal (mutation mutation-soft)
nghardinal (mutation mutation-nasal)
chardinal (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From English cardinal, from Middle French cardinal (“cardinal”), from Latin cardinālis (“pertaining to a hinge, hence applied to that on which something turns or depends, important, principal, chief”), from Latin cardō (“hinge”).

der

(Roman Catholicism) cardinal (Roman Catholic official)


nitrogen

/ˈnɪtrɔˌɡɛn/

Borrowed from English nitrogen, from French nitrogène, from French nitre, from Latin nitrum (“niter, natron”), from Ancient Greek νίτρον (nítron), ultimately from Egyptian nṯrj (“natron”).


eng

engiau (plural)
èng (mutation mutation-radical)
hèng (mutation prothesis-h)

The name of the Latin-script letter Ng/ng.


biliwn

head

biliwn m or f (plural biliynau or biliwnau)


cobalt

cobalt (mutation mutation-radical)
gobalt (mutation mutation-soft)
nghobalt (mutation mutation-nasal)
chobalt (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English cobalt, from German Kobold (“goblin”).


carbon

carbonau (plural)
carbon (mutation mutation-radical)
garbon (mutation mutation-soft)
ngharbon (mutation mutation-nasal)
charbon (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English carbon, from French carbone from Latin carbō, carbōnem (“charcoal, coal”), from Proto-Indo-European *kerh₃- (“to burn”).

der

dal a storio carbon

carbon capture and storage, carbon sequestration


argon

argon (mutation mutation-radical)
hargon (mutation prothesis-h)

Borrowed from English argon, from Ancient Greek ἀργόν (argón), neuter of ἀργός (argós, “idle, lazy”).


em

emiau (plural)
em (mutation mutation-radical)
hem (mutation prothesis-h)

The name of the Latin-script letter M/m.


neon

From English neon, from Ancient Greek νέον (néon), neuter of νέος (néos, “new”), from earlier *νέϝος (*néwos), from Proto-Hellenic *newos, from Proto-Indo-European *néwos.


un

From Middle Welsh un, from Proto-Brythonic *ʉn, from Proto-Celtic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.


bach

bachau (plural)
bach (mutation mutation-radical)
fach (mutation mutation-soft)
mach (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh and Old Welsh bach, from Proto-Celtic *bakkos, from Proto-Indo-European *bak-.


ce

The name of the Latin-script letter K/k.


tri

tair (feminine)
tri (mutation mutation-radical)
dri (mutation mutation-soft)
nhri (mutation mutation-nasal)
thri (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *tri, from Proto-Celtic *trīs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.


archangel

archangylion (plural)
archangel (mutation mutation-radical)
harchangel (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh archangel, from Proto-Brythonic *arxangel, a borrowing from Latin archangelus, from Ancient Greek ἀρχάγγελος (arkhángelos). Equivalent to arch- + angel (“angel”). Cognate with Breton arc'hael.


staff

staff (employees of a business; commanding officers)


mast

cy-noun

mast m (plural mastiau or mestys or mestydd)

mastiau (plural)
mestys (plural)
mestydd (plural)


algebra

algebra (mutation mutation-radical)
halgebra (mutation prothesis-h)


ti

The name of the Latin-script letter T/t.


pop

pop (mutation mutation-radical)
bop (mutation mutation-soft)
mhop (mutation mutation-nasal)
phop (mutation mutation-aspirate)


banjo

banjos (plural)
banjoau (plural)
banjo (mutation mutation-radical)
fanjo (mutation mutation-soft)
manjo (mutation mutation-nasal)


AS

(politics) Initialism of Aelod Seneddol (“Member of (the UK) Parliament”).

(politics) Initialism of Aelod o'r Senedd (“Member of the (Welsh) Senedd”).


onion

onionyn (singulative)
onion (mutation mutation-radical)
honion (mutation prothesis-h)


offer

offer f (plural offerau or offeriau or offrau)

offerau (plural)
offeriau (plural)
offrau (plural)
offer (mutation mutation-radical)
hoffer (mutation prothesis-h)


je

The name of the Latin-script letter J/j.


cant

From Middle Welsh and Old Welsh cant, from Proto-Brythonic *kant, from Proto-Celtic *kantom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.


mater

materion (plural)
mater (mutation mutation-radical)
fater (mutation mutation-soft)


ager

agerau (plural)
ager (mutation mutation-radical)
hager (mutation prothesis-h)


torso

torsoau (plural)
torso (mutation mutation-radical)
dorso (mutation mutation-soft)
nhorso (mutation mutation-nasal)
thorso (mutation mutation-aspirate)


ser

ser m (plural serrod or serroedd, not mutable)

From Old Welsh serr, Proto-Celtic *serrā. Cf. Middle Irish serr.


moment

momentau (plural)
moment (mutation mutation-radical)
foment (mutation mutation-soft)


bom

bomiau (plural)
bom (mutation mutation-radical)
fom (mutation mutation-soft)
mom (mutation mutation-nasal)


Wicipedia

Croeso i Wicipedia, y gwyddoniadur rhydd y gall unrhyw un ei olygu

Welcome to Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia anyone can edit


nos

From Middle Welsh nos, according to Matasovic, a loanword from Latin nox (“night”), but according to Falileyev, from Old Welsh nos, from Proto-Celtic *noxt-stu-, a suffixed form of *noxs (“night”) (the expected Welsh descendant of this would be **noeth).
Cognates include Breton noz, Cornish nos and Gaulish nox


dueg

duegau (plural)
dueg (mutation mutation-radical)
ddueg (mutation mutation-soft)
nueg (mutation mutation-nasal)

From du (“black”) + -eg. Compare black bile, traditionally believed to be secreted by the spleen.


blog

blogiau (plural)
blog (mutation mutation-radical)
flog (mutation mutation-soft)
mlog (mutation mutation-nasal)


Celt

Celt m (plural Celtiaid, feminine Celtes)

Celtiaid (plural)
Celtes (feminine)
Celt (mutation mutation-radical)
Gelt (mutation mutation-soft)
Nghelt (mutation mutation-nasal)
Chelt (mutation mutation-aspirate)


bord

bordydd (plural)
bord (mutation mutation-radical)
ford (mutation mutation-soft)
mord (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh bort, from Old English bord (“board”); doublet of bwrdd.


drain

drain f (collective, singulative draenen)

draenen (singulative)
drain (mutation mutation-radical)
ddrain (mutation mutation-soft)
nrain (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Brythonic *draɣen, from Proto-Celtic *dragenā (“sloetree, blackthorn, Prunus spinosa”) (compare Old Irish draigen, modern Irish draighean), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰergʰ- (“blackbush, sloe tree”).

inh

rhoi ddim drain

to not give two hoots, to not care a button


band

bandiau (plural)
band (mutation mutation-radical)
fand (mutation mutation-soft)
mand (mutation mutation-nasal)


cliff

cliffiau (plural)
cliff (mutation mutation-radical)
gliff (mutation mutation-soft)
nghliff (mutation mutation-nasal)
chliff (mutation mutation-aspirate)


alcohol

alcoholau (plural)
alcohol (mutation mutation-radical)
halcohol (mutation prothesis-h)

From English alcohol, from Middle French alcohol or Spanish alcohol, from the Medieval Latin rendering alcohol of Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”).


coma

comas (plural)
coma (mutation mutation-radical)
goma (mutation mutation-soft)
nghoma (mutation mutation-nasal)
choma (mutation mutation-aspirate)


prop

prop (mutation mutation-radical)
brop (mutation mutation-soft)
mhrop (mutation mutation-nasal)
phrop (mutation mutation-aspirate)


di

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

The name of the Latin-script letter D/d.


arf

arfau (plural)
arf (mutation mutation-radical)
harf (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh arf, from Proto-Brythonic *arβ̃, borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin arma.


barf

barfau (plural)
barf (mutation mutation-radical)
farf (mutation mutation-soft)
marf (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Brythonic *barβ, from Latin barba, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰeh₂. Compare Cornish barv, Breton barv.


cantor

cy-noun

cantor f (plural cantorion or cantoriaid, feminine cantores)

cantorion (plural)
cantoriaid (plural)
cantores (feminine)
cantor (mutation mutation-radical)
gantor (mutation mutation-soft)
nghantor (mutation mutation-nasal)
chantor (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh kantor, from Latin cantor.


pasta

pasta (mutation mutation-radical)
basta (mutation mutation-soft)
mhasta (mutation mutation-nasal)
phasta (mutation mutation-aspirate)


tei

teis (plural)
tei (mutation mutation-radical)
dei (mutation mutation-soft)
nhei (mutation mutation-nasal)
thei (mutation mutation-aspirate)


cad

From Middle Welsh kad, kat, from Old Welsh cat, from Proto-Brythonic *kad (“battle”), from Proto-Celtic *katus (compare Old Irish cath), from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₃tus (“fight”).


origami

origami (mutation mutation-radical)
horigami (mutation prothesis-h)

/ˌɔrɪˈɡaːmi/

From English origami, from Japanese 折り紙.


abad

abadau (plural)
abad (mutation mutation-radical)
habad (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh abat, from Proto-Brythonic *abad, from Ecclesiastical Latin abbās, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אַבָּא (’abbā, “father”).


putain

puteiniaid (plural)
putain (mutation mutation-radical)
butain (mutation mutation-soft)
mhutain (mutation mutation-nasal)
phutain (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Old French putain, originally the oblique case of pute (“dirty woman”) formed with the suffix -ain, from Vulgar Latin putta, from Latin puta (“girl”). Cognate with French putain, Italian puttana.


plu

plu f (collective, singulative pluen or plufen)

pluen (singulative)
plufen (singulative)
plu (mutation mutation-radical)
blu (mutation mutation-soft)
mhlu (mutation mutation-nasal)
phlu (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh pluf, from Proto-Brythonic *plʉβ̃, a borrowing from Latin plūma (“feather”). Cognate with Cornish pluv, Breton pluñv.

plu'r gweinydd

common cottongrass, Erophorum angustifolium


plaid

pleidiau (plural)
plaid (mutation mutation-radical)
blaid (mutation mutation-soft)
mhlaid (mutation mutation-nasal)
phlaid (mutation mutation-aspirate)

The original meaning was “row”, “rank”, later “partition”, possibly related to Irish pluid and Scottish Gaelic plaide (“blanket”); as Proto-Celtic had no /p/, the term is likely a borrowing, such as English and Scots plaid. However, the semantic development is unclear.

Plaid Cymru


pant

pantiau (plural)
pant (mutation mutation-radical)
bant (mutation mutation-soft)
mhant (mutation mutation-nasal)
phant (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Celtic *kʷantyos "flat hill", compare Pictish ᚘᚐᚅᚈ (pant, “hollow”).

hollow, depression, small valley, dingle, dell


capel

capel m (plural capeli or capelau or capelydd or capeloedd)

capeli (plural)
capelau (plural)
capelydd (plural)
capeloedd (plural)
capel (mutation mutation-radical)
gapel (mutation mutation-soft)
nghapel (mutation mutation-nasal)
chapel (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh capel, borrowed from Late Latin cappella (“little cloak; chapel”), diminutive of Latin cappa (“cloak, cape”).


Cymraeg

cy-adj

Cymraeg (feminine singular Cymraeg, plural Cymraeg, not comparable)

Cymraeg (feminine singular)
Cymraeg (plural)
Cymraeg (mutation mutation-radical)
Gymraeg (mutation mutation-soft)
Nghymraeg (mutation mutation-nasal)
Chymraeg (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Mae'n gweithio i'r wasg Gymraeg.

He/She works for the Welsh (language) press.

Welsh, Welsh-language (with reference to the language only, not the nationality)

Mae'n dod o deulu Cymraeg.

He/She comes from a Welsh-speaking family.


asymptot

mathematical analysis
mathematical analysis


Andreas

Andreas (mutation mutation-radical)
Handreas (mutation prothesis-h)

a male given name from Ancient Greek Ἀνδρέᾱς (Andréās), equivalent to English Andrew


gwên

gwenau (plural)
gwên (mutation mutation-radical)
wên (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwên (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Brythonic *gwen, from Proto-Celtic *gʷenom.


cyẅres

cywresau (plural)
cyẅres (mutation mutation-radical)
gyẅres (mutation mutation-soft)
nghyẅres (mutation mutation-nasal)
chyẅres (mutation mutation-aspirate)


mẁg

mygau (plural)
mygiau (plural)
mẁg (mutation mutation-radical)
fẁg (mutation mutation-soft)


gwraidd

cy-noun

gwraidd m (collective, singulative gwreiddyn)

gwreiddyn (singulative)
gwraidd (mutation mutation-radical)
wraidd (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwraidd (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh gwreidd, from Proto-Celtic *wradyos (compare Cornish gwreydh, Breton gwrizienn), from pre-Celtic *wr̥h₂dyo-, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds.


bro

bröydd (plural)
brofydd (plural)
bro (mutation mutation-radical)
fro (mutation mutation-soft)
mro (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh bro, from Proto-Brythonic *broɣ, from Proto-Celtic *mrogis. Cognate with Old Irish mruig. Cognate with Briton bro.

region, country, land, neighbourhood, native haunt


modern

cy-adj

modern (feminine singular modern, plural modern, equative mor fodern, comparative mwy modern, superlative mwyaf modern)

modern (feminine singular)
modern (plural)
mor fodern (equative)
mwy modern (comparative)
mwyaf modern (superlative)
modern (mutation mutation-radical)
fodern (mutation mutation-soft)


tun

tuniau (plural)
tunnau (plural)
tun (mutation mutation-radical)
dun (mutation mutation-soft)
nhun (mutation mutation-nasal)
thun (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From English tin, from Middle English tin, from Old English tin, from Proto-West Germanic *tin, from Proto-Germanic *tiną.


cil

cil (mutation mutation-radical)
gil (mutation mutation-soft)
nghil (mutation mutation-nasal)
chil (mutation mutation-aspirate)


pump

pump (mutation mutation-radical)
bump (mutation mutation-soft)
mhump (mutation mutation-nasal)
phump (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh pymp, from Old Welsh pimp, from Proto-Brythonic *pɨmp, from Proto-Celtic *kʷenkʷe, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.


magnet

cy-noun

magnet m or f (plural magnetau or magnets)

magnetau (plural)
magnets (plural)
magnet (mutation mutation-radical)
fagnet (mutation mutation-soft)


bawd

bodiau (plural)
bawd (mutation mutation-radical)
fawd (mutation mutation-soft)
mawd (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh mawd, from Proto-Celtic *mā-to-, from Proto-Indo-European *mē-.
Compare Breton meud and Cornish meus.

a bar projecting from rock face to which ropes are attached


opera

operâu (plural)
opera (mutation mutation-radical)
hopera (mutation prothesis-h)


cog

From Middle Welsh coc, from Proto-Brythonic *kog, ultimately imitative, similar to Old High German kā (“crow, jackdaw”), Middle Low German kâ (“crow, jackdaw”).

onomatopoeic

imitative

Cuculus canorus
Cuculus canorus#Translingual

especially common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus)


cog

cogau (plural)
cygod (plural)
cog (mutation mutation-radical)
gog (mutation mutation-soft)
nghog (mutation mutation-nasal)
chog (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh coc, from Proto-Brythonic *kog, from Latin coquus.


tad

tadau (plural)
tad (mutation mutation-radical)
dad (mutation mutation-soft)
nhad (mutation mutation-nasal)
thad (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *tad, from Proto-Celtic *tatos.


cur

curiau (plural)
curau (plural)
cur (mutation mutation-radical)
gur (mutation mutation-soft)
nghur (mutation mutation-nasal)
chur (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh kur, from Proto-Brythonic *kʉr, from Latin cūra.


fest

cy-noun

fest f (plural festiau or fests or festys, not mutable)

festiau (plural)
fests (plural)
festys (plural)


pilen

pilennau (plural)
pilen (mutation mutation-radical)
bilen (mutation mutation-soft)
mhilen (mutation mutation-nasal)
philen (mutation mutation-aspirate)


babi

babis (plural)
babi (mutation mutation-radical)
fabi (mutation mutation-soft)
mabi (mutation mutation-nasal)


Arwel

Arwel (mutation mutation-radical)
Harwel (mutation prothesis-h)


perihelion

perihelion m (plural perihelionau or perihelia)

perihelionau (plural)
perihelia (plural)
perihelion (mutation mutation-radical)
berihelion (mutation mutation-soft)
mherihelion (mutation mutation-nasal)
pherihelion (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English perihelion, from English perihelium + -on (noun suffix), the former from Late Latin perihelium, from Ancient Greek περι- (peri-, “around, surrounding”) + ἥλῐος (hḗlios, “the sun”), the latter from -ον (-on, noun suffix).


teth

tethau (plural)
tethi (plural)
teth (mutation mutation-radical)
deth (mutation mutation-soft)
nheth (mutation mutation-nasal)
theth (mutation mutation-aspirate)


Crynwr

Crynwyr (plural)
Crynwr (mutation mutation-radical)
Grynwr (mutation mutation-soft)
Nghrynwr (mutation mutation-nasal)
Chrynwr (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From crynu (“to quake”) + -wr; calque of English Quaker.


caws

caws (mutation mutation-radical)
gaws (mutation mutation-soft)
nghaws (mutation mutation-nasal)
chaws (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh caws, from Old Welsh caus, from Proto-Brythonic *kọs, a borrowing from Latin cāseus. Cognate with Cornish keus, Breton keuz.


Iesu

Iesu (mutation mutation-radical)
Hiesu (mutation prothesis-h)


actio

cy-verb

actio (first-person singular present actiaf)

actiaf (first-person present singular)
actiaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
ecti (future indicative present second-person singular)
actia (future indicative present singular third-person)
actiwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
ectiwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
actiwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
actiant (future indicative plural present third-person)
ectir (future impersonal indicative present)
actiwn (conditional first-person singular)
actiwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ectit (conditional second-person singular)
ectit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
actiai (conditional singular third-person)
actiai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
actiem (conditional first-person plural)
actiem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
actiech (conditional plural second-person)
actiech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
actient (conditional plural third-person)
actient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ectid (conditional impersonal)
ectid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
ectiais (first-person preterite singular)
ectiaist (preterite second-person singular)
actiodd (preterite singular third-person)
actiasom (first-person plural preterite)
actiasoch (plural preterite second-person)
actiasant (plural preterite third-person)
actiwyd (impersonal preterite)
actiaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
actiasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
actiasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
actiasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
actiasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
actiasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
actiasid (impersonal pluperfect)
actiesid (impersonal pluperfect)
actiwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ectiech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
actio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
actiom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
actioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
actiont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
actier (impersonal present subjunctive)
actia (imperative second-person singular)
actied (imperative singular third-person)
actiwn (first-person imperative plural)
ectiwch (imperative plural second-person)
actiwch (imperative plural second-person)
actient (imperative plural third-person)
actier (imperative impersonal)
actio (noun-from-verb)
actiedig (participle)
actiadwy (participle)
actia i (first-person future singular)
actiaf i (first-person future singular)
acti di (future second-person singular)
actith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
actiff e (future singular third-person)
actiwn ni (first-person future plural)
actiwch chi (future plural second-person)
actian nhw (future plural third-person)
actiwn i (conditional first-person singular)
actswn i (conditional first-person singular)
actiet ti (conditional second-person singular)
actset ti (conditional second-person singular)
actiai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
actsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
actien ni (conditional first-person plural)
actsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
actiech chi (conditional plural second-person)
actsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
actien nhw (conditional plural third-person)
actsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
actiais i (first-person preterite singular)
acties i (first-person preterite singular)
actiaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
actiest ti (preterite second-person singular)
actiodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
action ni (first-person plural preterite)
actioch chi (plural preterite second-person)
action nhw (plural preterite third-person)
actia (imperative second-person singular)
actiwch (imperative plural second-person)
actio (mutation mutation-radical)
hactio (mutation prothesis-h)


pesto

pesto (mutation mutation-radical)
besto (mutation mutation-soft)
mhesto (mutation mutation-nasal)
phesto (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English pesto, from Italian pesto.


halogen

cy-noun

halogen m (plural halogenau, not mutable)

1937, R. O. Davies, Elfennau Cemeg (Elements of Chemistry), University of Wales Press

"Another element belonging to the halogen family is fluorine."

Elfen arall yn perthyn i deulu’r halogenau yw ffluorin.


ester

Internationalism borrowed from English ester.


fi

The name of the Latin-script letter V/v.


nod

nod m (plural nodau or nodion, not mutable)

Borrowed from English node, from Latin nōdus.


pedwar

pedair (feminine)
pedwar (mutation mutation-radical)
bedwar (mutation mutation-soft)
mhedwar (mutation mutation-nasal)
phedwar (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh pedwar, from Old Welsh petuar, petguar, from Proto-Brythonic *pedwar, from Proto-Celtic *kʷetwores, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.


wyth

wyth (mutation mutation-radical)
hwyth (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Brythonic *üiθ, from Proto-Celtic *oxtū (compare Cornish eth), Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.


wythnos

wythnosau (plural)
wythnos (mutation mutation-radical)
hwythnos (mutation prothesis-h)


dydd

dyddiau (plural)
dydd (mutation mutation-radical)
ddydd (mutation mutation-soft)
nydd (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh dyð, from Old Welsh did, from Proto-Brythonic *dið, from Proto-Celtic *dīyos (compare Cornish dydh, Breton deiz, Old Irish día), from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (compare Latin diēs).


dynes

dynesau (plural)
dynes (mutation mutation-radical)
ddynes (mutation mutation-soft)
nynes (mutation mutation-nasal)

From dyn (“man; person”) + -es (feminine suffix).


munud

munudau (plural)
munud (mutation mutation-radical)
funud (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh munud, from Medieval Latin minūta (“60th of an hour; note”), possibly from Old French minute or Middle English mynute. Cognate with Breton munud.


dydd Llun

dydd Llun (mutation mutation-radical)
ddydd Llun (mutation mutation-soft)
nydd Llun (mutation mutation-nasal)

/ˌdɨːð ˈɬɨːn/

/ˌdiːð ˈɬiːn/

dydd (“day”) + Llun, partial calque of Latin diēs Lūnae. Compare Breton dilun, Cornish de Lun.


cloddfa

cy-noun

cloddfa f (plural cloddfeydd or cloddfâu or cloddfaoedd)

cloddfeydd (plural)
cloddfâu (plural)
cloddfaoedd (plural)
cloddfa (mutation mutation-radical)
gloddfa (mutation mutation-soft)
nghloddfa (mutation mutation-nasal)
chloddfa (mutation mutation-aspirate)


dydd Sadwrn

dydd Sadwrn (mutation mutation-radical)
ddydd Sadwrn (mutation mutation-soft)
nydd Sadwrn (mutation mutation-nasal)

dydd (“day”) + Sadwrn (“Saturn”), a calque of Latin diēs Sāturnī.


geneth

genethod (plural)
geneth (mutation mutation-radical)
eneth (mutation mutation-soft)
ngeneth (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Brythonic *genettā (“daughter”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-.


dydd Mercher

dydd Mercher (mutation mutation-radical)
ddydd Mercher (mutation mutation-soft)
nydd Mercher (mutation mutation-nasal)

/ˌdɨːð ˈmɛrχɛr/

/dɨ̞ðˈmɛrχɛr/

/dɨ̞ˈmɛrχɛr/

/ˌdɨːð ˈmɛrχar/

/ˌdiːð ˈmɛrχɛr/

/dɪðˈmɛrχɛr/

From dydd (“day”) + Mercher (“Mercury”), a calque of Latin diēs Mercuriī.


dydd Iau

dydd Iau (mutation mutation-radical)
ddydd Iau (mutation mutation-soft)
nydd Iau (mutation mutation-nasal)

/ˌdɨːð ˈjaɨ̯/

/ˌdiːð ˈjɔi̯/

dydd (“day”) + Iau (“Jupiter”), a calque of Latin diēs Iovis.


dydd Sul

dydd Sul (mutation mutation-radical)
ddydd Sul (mutation mutation-soft)
nydd Sul (mutation mutation-nasal)

/ˌdɨːð ˈsɨːl/

dydd (“day”) + Sul (“Sunday”), partial calque of Latin diēs Sōlis. Compare Breton disul, Cornish de Sul.


awr

oriau (plural)
awr (mutation mutation-radical)
hawr (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh awr, from Proto-Brythonic *ǫr, from Latin hōra.


bachgennes

bachgenesau (plural)
bachgennes (mutation mutation-radical)
fachgennes (mutation mutation-soft)
machgennes (mutation mutation-nasal)

From bachgen (“boy”) + -es (feminine suffix).


betws

betysau (plural)
betws (mutation mutation-radical)
fetws (mutation mutation-soft)
metws (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh betws, borrowed from Old English bedhūs (“house of prayer”, literally “bede-house”).


dydd Gwener

dydd Gwener (mutation mutation-radical)
ddydd Gwener (mutation mutation-soft)
nydd Gwener (mutation mutation-nasal)

/ˌdɨːð ˈɡwɛnɛr/

/dɨ̞ðˈɡwɛnɛr/

/dɨ̞ˈɡwɛnɛr/

/ˌdɨːð ˈɡwɛnar/

/ˌdiːð ˈɡwɛnɛr/

/dɪðˈɡwɛnɛr/

dydd (“day”) + Gwener (“Venus”), a calque of Latin diēs Veneris.


eglwys

eglwysi (plural)
eglwysydd (plural)
eglwys (mutation mutation-radical)
heglwys (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Brythonic *egluɨs (compare Cornish eglos, Breton iliz), borrowed from Latin ecclēsia (“church”), from Ancient Greek ἐκκλησίᾱ (ekklēsíā).


amrantiad

amrantiadau (plural)
amrantiad (mutation mutation-radical)
hamrantiad (mutation prothesis-h)


dydd Mawrth

dydd Mawrth (mutation mutation-radical)
ddydd Mawrth (mutation mutation-soft)
nydd Mawrth (mutation mutation-nasal)

/ˌdɨːð ˈmau̯rθ/

dydd (“day”) + Mawrth (“Mars”), a calque of Latin dīēs Mārtis.


blwyddyn

cy-noun

blwyddyn f (plural blynyddoedd or blynyddau)

blynyddoedd (plural)
blynyddau (plural)
blwyddyn (mutation mutation-radical)
flwyddyn (mutation mutation-soft)
mlwyddyn (mutation mutation-nasal)

/ˈblʊɨ̯ðɨ̞n/

From Middle Welsh blwyðyn, from Old Welsh bloidin, from Proto-Brythonic *bluɨðėn (compare Cornish bledhen, Breton blizen), from Proto-Celtic *bleidanī (compare Old Irish blíadain), from *blēdū (compare Welsh blwydd (“age; year(s) old”)).


bachgen

bachgen m (plural bechgyn or bachgennod or bechgennod)

bechgyn (plural)
bachgennod (plural)
bechgennod (plural)
bachgen (mutation mutation-radical)
fachgen (mutation mutation-soft)
machgen (mutation mutation-nasal)

From bach; the second element appears to be from Proto-Celtic *keneti, from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (compare Welsh cenedl (“nation, tribe, clan, kindred”)).

cog

boy, lad, youngster, servant, young man, son, child


trefol

cy-adj

trefol (feminine singular trefol, plural trefol, equative trefoled, comparative trefolach, superlative trefolaf)

trefol (feminine singular)
trefol (plural)
trefoled (equative)
trefolach (comparative)
trefolaf (superlative)
trefol (mutation mutation-radical)
drefol (mutation mutation-soft)
nhrefol (mutation mutation-nasal)
threfol (mutation mutation-aspirate)

cynllunio trefol


Cymreig

Cymreig (feminine singular Cymreig, plural Cymreig, not comparable)

Cymreig (feminine singular)
Cymreig (plural)
Cymreig (mutation mutation-radical)
Gymreig (mutation mutation-soft)
Nghymreig (mutation mutation-nasal)
Chymreig (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *kumrėɣig, from *kömroɣ (“comrade, compatriot”), equivalent to Cymro (“Welshman”) + -eg (“of a language”).

suffix

Welsh; of Wales or the Welsh culture (but not of the Welsh language)


Mawrth

Mawrth (mutation mutation-radical)
Fawrth (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh Mawrth, from Proto-Brythonic *Mo̦rθ, borrowed from Latin mārtius. Compare Cornish Merth, Breton Meurzh.


mynydd

mynyddoedd (plural)
mynydd (mutation mutation-radical)
fynydd (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh mynyð, from Proto-Brythonic *mönɨð, from Proto-Celtic *moniyos (compare Cornish menydh, Breton menez), from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to tower, stand out”) (compare Latin mōns).


draig

dreigiau (plural)
draig (mutation mutation-radical)
ddraig (mutation mutation-soft)
nraig (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh dreic, from Proto-Brythonic *drėg, earlier *drakū, from Latin dracō.


llan

llannau (plural)
llan (mutation mutation-radical)
lan (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh llann, from Proto-Brythonic *llann, from Proto-Celtic *landā, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).


chwech

From Proto-Brythonic *hwex, from Proto-Celtic *swexs, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.


gaeaf

gaeafau (plural)
gaeafoedd (plural)
gaeaf (mutation mutation-radical)
aeaf (mutation mutation-soft)
ngaeaf (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh gayaf, from Old Welsh gaem, from Proto-Celtic *gyemos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰyem-.
Celtic cognates include Cornish gwav, Breton goañv, Old Irish gam (Irish geimhreadh). Indo-European cognates include Latin hiems, Ancient Greek χεῖμα (kheîma), Old Church Slavonic зима (zima), Sanskrit हिम (hima).


ffordd

From Middle Welsh fforð, from Old Welsh ford, from Proto-Brythonic *forð, a borrowing from Old English ford. Cognate with Cornish fordh, Breton forzh.


ysgol

From Middle Welsh yscol, from Proto-Brythonic *ɨskol, from Latin schola, from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ).

Bydd hi’n gadael yr ysgol yr haf ’ma i fynd i’r coleg.

She will leave school this summer to go to college.


ysgol

ysgolion (plural)
ysgol (mutation mutation-radical)
hysgol (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh yscawl, from Proto-Brythonic *ɨskọl, from Latin scāla.

(North Wales)


saith

From Middle Welsh seith, from Proto-Brythonic *seiθ, from Proto-Celtic *sextam, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.


naw

From Proto-Brythonic *naw, from Proto-Celtic *nowan, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.


dau

dwy (feminine)
dau (mutation mutation-radical)
ddau (mutation mutation-soft)
nau (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Brythonic *dow, from Proto-Celtic *duwo, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.


deg

From Middle Welsh deg, from Proto-Brythonic *deg, from Proto-Celtic *dekam, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.


mis

misoedd (plural)
mis (mutation mutation-radical)
fis (mutation mutation-soft)

From Proto-Celtic *mīns, from Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s.


eisteddfod

eisteddfodau (plural)
eisteddfod (mutation mutation-radical)
heisteddfod (mutation prothesis-h)

From eistedd (“sitting”) + bod (“being”).


bwrw

cy-verb

bwrw (first-person singular present bwriaf)

bwriaf (first-person present singular)
bwriaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
bwri (future indicative present second-person singular)
bwria (future indicative present singular third-person)
bwriwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
bwriwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
bwriant (future indicative plural present third-person)
bwrir (future impersonal indicative present)
bwriwn (conditional first-person singular)
bwriwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
bwrit (conditional second-person singular)
bwrit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
bwriai (conditional singular third-person)
bwriai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
bwriem (conditional first-person plural)
bwriem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
bwriech (conditional plural second-person)
bwriech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
bwrient (conditional plural third-person)
bwrient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
bwrid (conditional impersonal)
bwrid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
bwriais (first-person preterite singular)
bwriaist (preterite second-person singular)
bwriodd (preterite singular third-person)
bwriasom (first-person plural preterite)
bwriasoch (plural preterite second-person)
bwriasant (plural preterite third-person)
bwriwyd (impersonal preterite)
bwriaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
bwriasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
bwriasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
bwriasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
bwriasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
bwriasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
bwriasid (impersonal pluperfect)
bwriesid (impersonal pluperfect)
bwriwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bwriech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bwrio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
bwriom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
bwrioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
bwriont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
bwrier (impersonal present subjunctive)
bwra (imperative second-person singular)
bwria (imperative second-person singular)
bwried (imperative singular third-person)
bwriwn (first-person imperative plural)
bwriwch (imperative plural second-person)
bwrient (imperative plural third-person)
bwrier (imperative impersonal)
bwrw (noun-from-verb)
bwriedig (participle)
bwria i (first-person future singular)
bwriaf i (first-person future singular)
bwri di (future second-person singular)
bwrith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
bwriff e (future singular third-person)
bwriwn ni (first-person future plural)
bwriwch chi (future plural second-person)
bwrian nhw (future plural third-person)
bwriwn i (conditional first-person singular)
bwriswn i (conditional first-person singular)
bwriet ti (conditional second-person singular)
bwriset ti (conditional second-person singular)
bwriai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
bwrisai fo (conditional singular third-person)
bwrien ni (conditional first-person plural)
bwrisen ni (conditional first-person plural)
bwriech chi (conditional plural second-person)
bwrisech chi (conditional plural second-person)
bwrien nhw (conditional plural third-person)
bwrisen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
bwriais i (first-person preterite singular)
bwries i (first-person preterite singular)
bwriaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
bwriest ti (preterite second-person singular)
bwriodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
bwrion ni (first-person plural preterite)
bwrioch chi (plural preterite second-person)
bwrion nhw (plural preterite third-person)
bwria (imperative second-person singular)
bwriwch (imperative plural second-person)
bwrw (mutation mutation-radical)
fwrw (mutation mutation-soft)
mwrw (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh bwrw, from Proto-Brythonic *burɣid, from Proto-Celtic *borgīti (compare Old Irish ·díbairg (“throws”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰorǵʰ-éye-ti, an "eye"-causative form of *bʰerǵʰ- (“to rise up, elevate”).

Mae hi'n bwrw glaw


wybr

wybrau (plural)
wybr (mutation mutation-radical)
hwybr (mutation prothesis-h)


coch

cy-adj

coch (feminine singular coch, plural cochion, equative coched, comparative cochach, superlative cochaf)

coch (feminine singular)
cochion (plural)
coched (equative)
cochach (comparative)
cochaf (superlative)
coch (mutation mutation-radical)
goch (mutation mutation-soft)
nghoch (mutation mutation-nasal)
choch (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh coch, from Proto-Brythonic *kox, borrowed from Latin coccum (“scarlet berry”), from Ancient Greek κόκκος (kókkos, “berry”). Cognate with Cornish kogh (“scarlet”).


Megan

Megan (mutation mutation-radical)
Fegan (mutation mutation-soft)

Originally a Welsh pet form of English Margaret, probably from Meg + -an (a diminutive suffix used to form pet names), now often used as an independent given name.


gwaith glo

gweithiau glo (plural)
gwaith glo (mutation mutation-radical)
waith glo (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwaith glo (mutation mutation-nasal)


geiriadur

geiriaduron (plural)
geiriadur (mutation mutation-radical)
eiriadur (mutation mutation-soft)
ngeiriadur (mutation mutation-nasal)


mil

miloedd (plural)
mil (mutation mutation-radical)
fil (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh mil, from Proto-Brythonic *mil, from Latin mīlia. Cognate with Cornish mil, Breton mil, Irish míle.


byth

From Middle Welsh byth, possibly borrowed from Old Irish bith, in which case doublet of byd.


hiraeth

cy-noun

hiraeth m (plural hiraethau or hiraethion, not mutable)

From Proto-Brythonic *hiraɨθ, from Proto-Celtic *sīraxto-, akin to Gaulish siraxta (“longing”). Compare Cornish hireth, Breton hiraezh, and Old Irish sírecht. By surface analysis, hir + -aeth.

wistfulness; nostalgia; longing; homesickness; a deep feeling of yearning for something, someone or somewhere


tŷ bach

tai bach (plural)
tŷ bach (mutation mutation-radical)
dŷ bach (mutation mutation-soft)
nhŷ bach (mutation mutation-nasal)
thŷ bach (mutation mutation-aspirate)

/ˌtɨː ˈbaːχ/

(euphemistic) A little house: an outhouse.


swydd

swydd f (plural swyddi or swyddau, not mutable)

From Middle Welsh swyð, from Proto-Brythonic *suɨð, from Latin sēdēs (“seat”).


masnachdy

masnachdai (plural)
masnachdy (mutation mutation-radical)
fasnachdy (mutation mutation-soft)

masnach (“trade, business”) + tŷ (“house”)


ffwcio

cy-verb

ffwcio (first-person singular present ffwciaf, not mutable)

ffwciaf (first-person present singular)
ffwciaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
ffwci (future indicative present second-person singular)
ffwci (future indicative present singular third-person)
ffwcia (future indicative present singular third-person)
ffwciwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
ffwciwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
ffwciant (future indicative plural present third-person)
ffwcir (future impersonal indicative present)
ffwciwn (conditional first-person singular)
ffwciwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ffwcit (conditional second-person singular)
ffwcit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ffwciai (conditional singular third-person)
ffwciai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ffwciem (conditional first-person plural)
ffwciem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ffwciech (conditional plural second-person)
ffwciech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ffwcient (conditional plural third-person)
ffwcient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ffwcid (conditional impersonal)
ffwcid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
ffwciais (first-person preterite singular)
ffwciaist (preterite second-person singular)
ffwciodd (preterite singular third-person)
ffwciasom (first-person plural preterite)
ffwciasoch (plural preterite second-person)
ffwciasant (plural preterite third-person)
ffwciwyd (impersonal preterite)
ffwciaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
ffwciasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
ffwciasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
ffwciasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
ffwciasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
ffwciasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
ffwciasid (impersonal pluperfect)
ffwciesid (impersonal pluperfect)
ffwciwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ffwciech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
ffwcio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ffwciom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
ffwcioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ffwciont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ffwcier (impersonal present subjunctive)
ffwci (imperative second-person singular)
ffwcia (imperative second-person singular)
ffwcied (imperative singular third-person)
ffwciwn (first-person imperative plural)
ffwciwch (imperative plural second-person)
ffwcient (imperative plural third-person)
ffwcier (imperative impersonal)
ffwcio (noun-from-verb)
ffwciedig (participle)
ffwciadwy (participle)
ffwcia i (first-person future singular)
ffwciaf i (first-person future singular)
ffwci di (future second-person singular)
ffwcith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
ffwciff e (future singular third-person)
ffwciwn ni (first-person future plural)
ffwciwch chi (future plural second-person)
ffwcian nhw (future plural third-person)
ffwciwn i (conditional first-person singular)
ffwcswn i (conditional first-person singular)
ffwciet ti (conditional second-person singular)
ffwcset ti (conditional second-person singular)
ffwciai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
ffwcsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
ffwcien ni (conditional first-person plural)
ffwcsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
ffwciech chi (conditional plural second-person)
ffwcsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
ffwcien nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ffwcsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ffwciais i (first-person preterite singular)
ffwcies i (first-person preterite singular)
ffwciaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
ffwciest ti (preterite second-person singular)
ffwciodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
ffwcion ni (first-person plural preterite)
ffwcioch chi (plural preterite second-person)
ffwcion nhw (plural preterite third-person)
ffwcia (imperative second-person singular)
ffwciwch (imperative plural second-person)


colomen

colomennod (plural)
colomen (mutation mutation-radical)
golomen (mutation mutation-soft)
ngholomen (mutation mutation-nasal)
cholomen (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh colomen, from Proto-Brythonic *kolom (from Latin columba) + -en.

a sloven in finery (one who dresses well but keeps a dirty house)


cnuchio

cnuchio (first-person singular present cnuchiaf)

cnuchiaf (first-person present singular)
cnuchiaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
cnuchi (future indicative present second-person singular)
cnuchi (future indicative present singular third-person)
cnuchia (future indicative present singular third-person)
cnuchiwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
cnuchiwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
cnuchiant (future indicative plural present third-person)
cnuchir (future impersonal indicative present)
cnuchiwn (conditional first-person singular)
cnuchiwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cnuchit (conditional second-person singular)
cnuchit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
cnuchiai (conditional singular third-person)
cnuchiai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
cnuchiem (conditional first-person plural)
cnuchiem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
cnuchiech (conditional plural second-person)
cnuchiech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
cnuchient (conditional plural third-person)
cnuchient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
cnuchid (conditional impersonal)
cnuchid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
cnuchiais (first-person preterite singular)
cnuchiaist (preterite second-person singular)
cnuchiodd (preterite singular third-person)
cnuchiasom (first-person plural preterite)
cnuchiasoch (plural preterite second-person)
cnuchiasant (plural preterite third-person)
cnuchiwyd (impersonal preterite)
cnuchiaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
cnuchiasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
cnuchiasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
cnuchiasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
cnuchiasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
cnuchiasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
cnuchiasid (impersonal pluperfect)
cnuchiesid (impersonal pluperfect)
cnuchiwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cnuchiech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cnuchio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
cnuchiom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
cnuchioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cnuchiont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
cnuchier (impersonal present subjunctive)
cnuchi (imperative second-person singular)
cnuchia (imperative second-person singular)
cnuchied (imperative singular third-person)
cnuchiwn (first-person imperative plural)
cnuchiwch (imperative plural second-person)
cnuchient (imperative plural third-person)
cnuchier (imperative impersonal)
cnuchio (noun-from-verb)
cnuchiedig (participle)
cnuchiadwy (participle)
cnuchia i (first-person future singular)
cnuchiaf i (first-person future singular)
cnuchi di (future second-person singular)
cnuchith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
cnuchiff e (future singular third-person)
cnuchiwn ni (first-person future plural)
cnuchiwch chi (future plural second-person)
cnuchian nhw (future plural third-person)
cnuchiwn i (conditional first-person singular)
cnuchswn i (conditional first-person singular)
cnuchiet ti (conditional second-person singular)
cnuchset ti (conditional second-person singular)
cnuchiai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
cnuchsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
cnuchien ni (conditional first-person plural)
cnuchsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
cnuchiech chi (conditional plural second-person)
cnuchsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
cnuchien nhw (conditional plural third-person)
cnuchsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
cnuchiais i (first-person preterite singular)
cnuchies i (first-person preterite singular)
cnuchiaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
cnuchiest ti (preterite second-person singular)
cnuchiodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
cnuchion ni (first-person plural preterite)
cnuchioch chi (plural preterite second-person)
cnuchion nhw (plural preterite third-person)
cnuchia (imperative second-person singular)
cnuchiwch (imperative plural second-person)
cnuchio (mutation mutation-radical)
gnuchio (mutation mutation-soft)
nghnuchio (mutation mutation-nasal)
chnuchio (mutation mutation-aspirate)


ffwrcho

ffwrcho (first-person singular present ffwrchaf, not mutable)

ffwrchaf (first-person present singular)
ffwrchaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
ffwrchi (future indicative present second-person singular)
ffwrcha (future indicative present singular third-person)
ffwrchwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
ffwrchwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
ffwrchant (future indicative plural present third-person)
ffwrchir (future impersonal indicative present)
ffwrchwn (conditional first-person singular)
ffwrchwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
ffwrchit (conditional second-person singular)
ffwrchit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
ffwrchai (conditional singular third-person)
ffwrchai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
ffwrchem (conditional first-person plural)
ffwrchem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
ffwrchech (conditional plural second-person)
ffwrchech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
ffwrchent (conditional plural third-person)
ffwrchent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
ffwrchid (conditional impersonal)
ffwrchid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
ffwrchais (first-person preterite singular)
ffwrchaist (preterite second-person singular)
ffwrchodd (preterite singular third-person)
ffwrchasom (first-person plural preterite)
ffwrchasoch (plural preterite second-person)
ffwrchasant (plural preterite third-person)
ffwrchwyd (impersonal preterite)
ffwrchaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
ffwrchasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
ffwrchasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
ffwrchasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
ffwrchasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
ffwrchasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
ffwrchasid (impersonal pluperfect)
ffwrchesid (impersonal pluperfect)
ffwrchwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ffwrchych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
ffwrcho (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ffwrchom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
ffwrchoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ffwrchont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ffwrcher (impersonal present subjunctive)
ffwrcha (imperative second-person singular)
ffwrched (imperative singular third-person)
ffwrchwn (first-person imperative plural)
ffwrchwch (imperative plural second-person)
ffwrchent (imperative plural third-person)
ffwrcher (imperative impersonal)
ffwrcho (noun-from-verb)
ffwrchedig (participle)
ffwrchadwy (participle)
ffwrcha i (first-person future singular)
ffwrchaf i (first-person future singular)
ffwrchi di (future second-person singular)
ffwrchith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
ffwrchiff e (future singular third-person)
ffwrchwn ni (first-person future plural)
ffwrchwch chi (future plural second-person)
ffwrchan nhw (future plural third-person)
ffwrchwn i (conditional first-person singular)
ffwrchswn i (conditional first-person singular)
ffwrchet ti (conditional second-person singular)
ffwrchset ti (conditional second-person singular)
ffwrchai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
ffwrchsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
ffwrchen ni (conditional first-person plural)
ffwrchsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
ffwrchech chi (conditional plural second-person)
ffwrchsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
ffwrchen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ffwrchsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ffwrchais i (first-person preterite singular)
ffwrches i (first-person preterite singular)
ffwrchaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
ffwrchest ti (preterite second-person singular)
ffwrchodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
ffwrchon ni (first-person plural preterite)
ffwrchoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
ffwrchon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
ffwrcha (imperative second-person singular)
ffwrchwch (imperative plural second-person)


eira

eiraoedd (plural)
eira (mutation mutation-radical)
heira (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Brythonic *ėrɣ (“snow”) (compare Cornish ergh, Breton erc’h).

Eira mân, eira mawr / Eira bras, eira bach.

Fine snow, large snowfall / Thick snow, small snowfall.


cachu

cachu (mutation mutation-radical)
gachu (mutation mutation-soft)
nghachu (mutation mutation-nasal)
chachu (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh cachu, from Proto-Brythonic *kax, from Proto-Celtic *kakkā, from Proto-Indo-European *kakko- (compare Latin cacō).

(vulgar, offensive) shit (instance of defecation)


anther

antherau (plural)
antheri (plural)
anther (mutation mutation-radical)
hanther (mutation prothesis-h)


haul

From Middle Welsh heul, from Proto-Celtic *sāwol (compare Cornish howl, Breton heol; compare also Old Irish súil (“eye”)), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.


baban

babanod (plural)
baban (mutation mutation-radical)
faban (mutation mutation-soft)
maban (mutation mutation-nasal)

Middle English baban, babe, from Old English *baba


ansero

cy-adj

ansero (feminine singular ansero, plural ansero, not comparable)

ansero (feminine singular)
ansero (plural)

From English nonzero. Synchronically analysable as an- + sero.


mentor

mentoriaid (plural)
mentor (mutation mutation-radical)
fentor (mutation mutation-soft)


anthem

anthemau (plural)
anthem (mutation mutation-radical)
hanthem (mutation prothesis-h)

From English anthem, from Middle English anteme, from Old English antefn, antefen and Old French antiene, anteine, anteivne, from Latin antiphōna, from Ancient Greek ἀντίφωνα (antíphōna).


stigma

stigmâu (plural)
stigma (mutation mutation-radical)


pont

pontydd (plural)
pont (mutation mutation-radical)
bont (mutation mutation-soft)
mhont (mutation mutation-nasal)
phont (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh pont, from Old Welsh pont, from Proto-Brythonic *pont, a borrowing from Latin pōns, pontem. Cognate with Cornish pons, Breton pont.

A fo ben bid bont.

Let him who would be a leader be a bridge.


lamp

cy-noun

lamp m or f (plural lampau, not mutable)


oriel

oriel m or f (plural orielau or orielydd or orieli)

orielau (plural)
orielydd (plural)
orieli (plural)
oriel (mutation mutation-radical)
horiel (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle English oriel, from Old French oriol (“gallery, corridor”), Late Latin oriolum (“portico, hall”), probably from Latin aureolus (“gilded”), applied to an apartment decorated with gilding.


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called acen ddisgynedig (“descended accent”) in Welsh, and found on À/à, È/è, Ì/ì, Ò/ò, Ù/ù, Ẁ/ẁ and Ỳ/ỳ.


-us

From Middle Welsh -us, from Proto-Brythonic *-ʉs, from Latin -ōsus. Cognate with Cornish -us, Breton -us and English -ous.

chemical nomenclature
chemical nomenclature#English

chemical compound
chemical compound#English

chemical element
chemical element#English

oxidation number
oxidation number#English

(chemistry) -ous, Used in chemical nomenclature to name chemical compounds in which a specified chemical element has a lower oxidation number than in the equivalent compound whose name ends in the suffix -ig. For example asid nitrus (“nitrous acid, HNO₂”) has fewer oxygen atoms per molecule than asid nitrig (“nitric acid, HNO₃”).


prifysgol

prifysgolion (plural)
prifysgol (mutation mutation-radical)
brifysgol (mutation mutation-soft)
mhrifysgol (mutation mutation-nasal)
phrifysgol (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From prif- (“chief”) + ysgol (“school”).


canu

cy-verb

canu (first-person singular present canaf)

canaf (first-person present singular)
canaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
ceni (future indicative present second-person singular)
cân (future indicative present singular third-person)
cana (future indicative present singular third-person)
canwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
cenwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
canwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
canant (future indicative plural present third-person)
cenir (future impersonal indicative present)
canwn (conditional first-person singular)
canwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
canit (conditional second-person singular)
canit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
canai (conditional singular third-person)
canai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
canem (conditional first-person plural)
canem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
canech (conditional plural second-person)
canech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
canent (conditional plural third-person)
canent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
cenid (conditional impersonal)
cenid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
cenais (first-person preterite singular)
cenaist (preterite second-person singular)
canodd (preterite singular third-person)
canasom (first-person plural preterite)
canasoch (plural preterite second-person)
canasant (plural preterite third-person)
canwyd (impersonal preterite)
canaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
canasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
canasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
canasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
canasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
canasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
canasid (impersonal pluperfect)
canesid (impersonal pluperfect)
canwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cenych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cano (present singular subjunctive third-person)
canom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
canoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
canont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
caner (impersonal present subjunctive)
cân (imperative second-person singular)
cana (imperative second-person singular)
caned (imperative singular third-person)
canwn (first-person imperative plural)
cenwch (imperative plural second-person)
canwch (imperative plural second-person)
canent (imperative plural third-person)
caner (imperative impersonal)
canu (noun-from-verb)
canedig (participle)
canadwy (participle)
cana i (first-person future singular)
canaf i (first-person future singular)
cani di (future second-person singular)
canith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
caniff e (future singular third-person)
canwn ni (first-person future plural)
canwch chi (future plural second-person)
canan nhw (future plural third-person)
canwn i (conditional first-person singular)
canswn i (conditional first-person singular)
canet ti (conditional second-person singular)
canset ti (conditional second-person singular)
canai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
cansai fo (conditional singular third-person)
canen ni (conditional first-person plural)
cansen ni (conditional first-person plural)
canech chi (conditional plural second-person)
cansech chi (conditional plural second-person)
canen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
cansen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
canais i (first-person preterite singular)
canes i (first-person preterite singular)
canaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
canest ti (preterite second-person singular)
canodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
canon ni (first-person plural preterite)
canoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
canon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
cana (imperative second-person singular)
canwch (imperative plural second-person)
canu (mutation mutation-radical)
ganu (mutation mutation-soft)
nghanu (mutation mutation-nasal)
chanu (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh kanu, from Old Welsh canam (1sg. pres. conj.), from Proto-Brythonic *kėnɨd, from Proto-Celtic *kaneti, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂n-. Equivalent to cân (“song”) + -u.

to produce musical sounds (of instrument); to play or perform (on instrument)


sur

cy-adj

sur (feminine singular sur, plural surion, equative sured, comparative surach, superlative suraf, not mutable)

sur (feminine singular)
surion (plural)
sured (equative)
surach (comparative)
suraf (superlative)


Arthur

Arthur (mutation mutation-radical)
Harthur (mutation prothesis-h)


-ad

Borrowed from English -ate, altered in the same manner as basged (“basket”).

(chemistry) -ate, suffix denoting one of a group of related compounds - nitrad (“nitrate”), sylffad (“sulfate”).


Lowri

a female given name, equivalent to English Laura


warden

cy-noun

warden m (plural wardeniaid or wardeiniaid)

wardeniaid (plural)
wardeiniaid (plural)


crwth

crythau (plural)
crwth (mutation mutation-radical)
grwth (mutation mutation-soft)
nghrwth (mutation mutation-nasal)
chrwth (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh crwth, from Proto-Brythonic *kruθ, from Proto-Celtic *kruttos (“round thing”), perhaps related to Latvian krūtis (“breast, bust”), from Proto-Indo-European *krū̆t; but it could instead be loaned from a non-Indo-European substrate. Possibly related to Proto-Celtic *krundis (“round”). Compare Old Irish crott (“harp, lute”).

hump, hunch on the back, convexity; hunchback; hunchbacked, rounded, bent, convex

anything of round or bulging shape, especially a vessel, basket, box


bas

Borrowed from Latin basis (“foundation, base”) and from English base.


bas

Borrowed from English bass or perhaps the same word as the first definition above.

Mae e'n canu bas.


punt

punnoedd (plural)
punnau (plural)
punt (mutation mutation-radical)
bunt (mutation mutation-soft)
mhunt (mutation mutation-nasal)
phunt (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Costiodd yr holl adeiladau hyn tua deg a thrigain mil o bunnau.

1874 May 20, “Llundain a'ch "Ewyrth"”, in Baner ac Amserau Cymru, page 13:

All these buildings cost about seventy thousand pounds.


Awen

Awen (mutation mutation-radical)
Hawen (mutation prothesis-h)

a female given name, meaning inspiration


potasiwm

potasiwm (mutation mutation-radical)
botasiwm (mutation mutation-soft)
mhotasiwm (mutation mutation-nasal)
photasiwm (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English potassium, from Dutch potasch (“potash”). Doublet of pot.


glas

cy-adj

glas (feminine singular glas, plural gleision, equative glased, comparative glasach, superlative glasaf)

glas (feminine singular)
gleision (plural)
glased (equative)
glasach (comparative)
glasaf (superlative)
glas (mutation mutation-radical)
las (mutation mutation-soft)
nglas (mutation mutation-nasal)

Inherited from Middle Welsh and Old Welsh glas, from Proto-Brythonic *glas, from Proto-Celtic *glastos.
Related to glân (“clean”), arsenig (“arsenic”), and clorin (“chlorine”).
Cognate with Cornish glas (“blue, green, grey”), Breton glas (“blue”), Irish glas (“green, grey”), Scottish Gaelic glas (“grey, green, unripe”) and Manx glass (“green, grey, pale, raw”).

glasu

to turn pale, grey or blue; to become green or verdant

glaswelw brych las

grey fleabitten grey, grey speckled grey

(archaic) green (of plants), verdant, unripe


caru

cy-verb

caru (first-person singular present caraf)

caraf (first-person present singular)
caraf (first-person future indicative present singular)
ceri (future indicative present second-person singular)
câr (future indicative present singular third-person)
cara (future indicative present singular third-person)
carwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
cerwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
carwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
carant (future indicative plural present third-person)
cerir (future impersonal indicative present)
carwn (conditional first-person singular)
carwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
carit (conditional second-person singular)
carit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
carai (conditional singular third-person)
carai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
carem (conditional first-person plural)
carem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
carech (conditional plural second-person)
carech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
carent (conditional plural third-person)
carent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
cerid (conditional impersonal)
cerid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
cerais (first-person preterite singular)
ceraist (preterite second-person singular)
carodd (preterite singular third-person)
carasom (first-person plural preterite)
carasoch (plural preterite second-person)
carasant (plural preterite third-person)
carwyd (impersonal preterite)
caraswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
carasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
carasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
carasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
carasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
carasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
carasid (impersonal pluperfect)
caresid (impersonal pluperfect)
carwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cerych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
caro (present singular subjunctive third-person)
carom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
caroch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
caront (plural present subjunctive third-person)
carer (impersonal present subjunctive)
cara (imperative second-person singular)
cared (imperative singular third-person)
carwn (first-person imperative plural)
cerwch (imperative plural second-person)
carwch (imperative plural second-person)
carent (imperative plural third-person)
carer (imperative impersonal)
caru (noun-from-verb)
caredig (participle)
caradwy (participle)
cara i (first-person future singular)
caraf i (first-person future singular)
cari di (future second-person singular)
carith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
cariff e (future singular third-person)
carwn ni (first-person future plural)
carwch chi (future plural second-person)
caran nhw (future plural third-person)
carwn i (conditional first-person singular)
carswn i (conditional first-person singular)
caret ti (conditional second-person singular)
carset ti (conditional second-person singular)
carai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
carsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
caren ni (conditional first-person plural)
carsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
carech chi (conditional plural second-person)
carsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
caren nhw (conditional plural third-person)
carsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
carais i (first-person preterite singular)
cares i (first-person preterite singular)
caraist ti (preterite second-person singular)
carest ti (preterite second-person singular)
carodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
caron ni (first-person plural preterite)
caroch chi (plural preterite second-person)
caron nhw (plural preterite third-person)
cara (imperative second-person singular)
carwch (imperative plural second-person)
caru (mutation mutation-radical)
garu (mutation mutation-soft)
ngharu (mutation mutation-nasal)
charu (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *karɨd, from Proto-Celtic *kareti (“to love”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”).

der

cariad

love, charity, affection; beloved (one); lover, sweetheart, darling


tandem

tandemau (plural)
tandem (mutation mutation-radical)
dandem (mutation mutation-soft)
nhandem (mutation mutation-nasal)
thandem (mutation mutation-aspirate)


Ann

Ann (mutation mutation-radical)
Hann (mutation prothesis-h)

חַנָּה חנה#Hebrew

a female given name from Ancient Greek Ἄννα (Ánna) [in turn from Hebrew חַנָּה (“Hana”)]


cas

cy-adj

cas (feminine singular cas, plural cas, equative cased, comparative casach, superlative casaf)

cas (feminine singular)
cas (plural)
cased (equative)
casach (comparative)
casaf (superlative)

From Middle Welsh and Old Welsh cas, from Proto-Brythonic *kas.

Mae’n gas gyda fi gwrw.

I hate beer. (literally, “Beer is hateful with me.”)


nitro-

(organic chemistry) nitro- (containing nitrogen)


Alan

Alan (mutation mutation-radical)
Halan (mutation prothesis-h)

a male given name, feminine equivalent Alana


Nest

One variant name of the daughter of Gruffudd ap Cynan.


Morgan

Morgan (mutation mutation-radical)
Forgan (mutation mutation-soft)

From Old Welsh Morcant, possibly from mor (“sea”) (Welsh môr) or maur (“great”) (Welsh mawr) + cant (“circle”) (Welsh cant), meaning “great chief” or “sea chief”.


Anna

Anna (mutation mutation-radical)
Hanna (mutation prothesis-h)

From Latin Anna, from Ancient Greek Ἄννα (Ánna), from Biblical Hebrew חַנָּה (ḥannâ, literally “grace, gracious”).

der

חַנָּה חנה#Hebrew


Tad

y Tad (canonical masculine)
Tad (mutation mutation-radical)
Dad (mutation mutation-soft)
Nhad (mutation mutation-nasal)
Thad (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(Christianity) the Father (person of the Holy Trinity)


Mari

Mari (mutation mutation-radical)
Fari (mutation mutation-soft)

a female given name, equivalent to English Mary

plant Mari

derogatory term for Roman Catholics or the Irish, "Mary's children"


hydref

Possibly from hydd (“stag”) + bref (“bellow”), from the fact that autumn is the season when red deer rut. Cognate with Cornish hedra, Breton here.


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called didolnod (“separation mark”) in Welsh, and found on Ä/ä, Ë/ë, Ï/ï, Ö/ö, Ü/ü, Ẅ/ẅ and Ÿ/ÿ.


Aran

Aran (mutation mutation-radical)
Haran (mutation prothesis-h)

a male given name transferred from the place name


ystad

From Middle Welsh ystad, from Proto-Brythonic *ɨstad, from Latin status (compare Portuguese and Spanish estado, Occitan and Catalan estat, French été, état, Sardinian istadu, etc.).

(sociology, historical) estate, rank, station


ystad

ystadau (plural)
ystadiau (plural)
ystad (mutation mutation-radical)
hystad (mutation prothesis-h)

(metrology, historical) stadion (Greek unit of distance based on standardized footraces, equivalent to about 185.4 metres.)


Alec

Alec (mutation mutation-radical)
Halec (mutation prothesis-h)

a male given name from Ancient Greek Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros)


elin

elinoedd (plural)
elinau (plural)
elin (mutation mutation-radical)
helin (mutation prothesis-h)

From Old Welsh elinou, from Proto-Celtic *olīnā (“elbow; angle”), from Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃l- (“to bend”).
Cognates
Cognate with Cornish elin, Breton ilin, Scottish Gaelic uileann, Irish uillinn; non-Celtic cognates include Old English eln(bōga), Latin ulna, Ancient Greek ὠλένη (ōlénē).


cariad

cariadus

loving, affectionate, kind; loved, beloved

(male) beloved (one); lover, sweetheart, darling, boyfriend


cariad

cariadau (plural)
cariadon (plural)
cariad (mutation mutation-radical)
gariad (mutation mutation-soft)
nghariad (mutation mutation-nasal)
chariad (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(female) beloved (one); lover, sweetheart, darling, girlfriend


cig

cigoedd (plural)
cig (mutation mutation-radical)
gig (mutation mutation-soft)
nghig (mutation mutation-nasal)
chig (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh kic, from Proto-Brythonic *kig (“meat”), from Proto-Celtic *kīkos (“breast”); compare Breton kig (“meat”), Old Irish cích (“breast”).


planed

planedau (plural)
planed (mutation mutation-radical)
blaned (mutation mutation-soft)
mhlaned (mutation mutation-nasal)
phlaned (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh planet, from Latin planēta, from Ancient Greek πλανήτης (planḗtēs, “wanderer”).


pres

cy-adj

pres (feminine singular pres, plural pres, not comparable)

gem pres main

slender burnished brass, Thysanoplusia orichalcea

gem pres prin

rare burnished brass, Diachrysia chryson


breg

bregion (plural)
breg (mutation mutation-radical)
freg (mutation mutation-soft)
mreg (mutation mutation-nasal)

Perhaps borrowed either from Middle English breck (“breach; failing”) or from Old Irish bréc (“lie, deception”).


porffor

cy-adj

porffor (feminine singular porffor, plural porffor, equative mor borffor, comparative mwy porffor, superlative mwyaf porffor)

porffor (feminine singular)
porffor (plural)
mor borffor (equative)
mwy porffor (comparative)
mwyaf porffor (superlative)
porffor (mutation mutation-radical)
borffor (mutation mutation-soft)
mhorffor (mutation mutation-nasal)
phorffor (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh porffor, from Proto-Brythonic *porfor, from Latin purpura (“purple”) (compare Old Irish corcur, modern Irish corcra).

Dim ond lleuad borffor / Ar fin y mynydd llwm; / A sŵn hen afon Prysor / Yn canu yn y Cwm.

Only a purple moon / On the edge of the bare mountain; / And the sound of the old river Prysor / Singing in the Valley.


haf

From Old Welsh ham, from Proto-Brythonic *haβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *samos, from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ó-.


safn

cy-noun

safn m or f (plural safnau, diminutive sefnyn, not mutable)

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stómn̥ (“mouth, muzzle”). Compare Cornish sâwn, Cornish sawan (“chasm”), Breton staoñ (“palate”), and, outside of Brittonic, Ancient Greek στόμα (stóma, “mouth”).


tro

cy-noun

tro m (plural troeon or troeau or troau)

troeon (plural)
troeau (plural)
troau (plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *tro, related to Middle Breton tro and middle Cornish tro. The ultimate origin is unclear; sometimes said to be from Ancient Greek Τροία (Troía, “Troy”), referring to the city's maze-like walls, but this could just be a similarity enforced by folk etymology. It could instead be from corruptions of troed (“foot”), Latin torqueo (“I turn”), or Latin tropus/Ancient Greek τρόπος (trópos, “a turn”). Also compare French troller (“to stroll, drag, wander about”). More at Caerdroia.

ar dro

in turns, alternately, occasionally; on a walk, on one's way

yr ail dro

y tro diwethaf


acer

aceri (plural)
acer (mutation mutation-radical)
hacer (mutation prothesis-h)


bara

bara (plural)
bara (mutation mutation-radical)
fara (mutation mutation-soft)
mara (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Celtic *bargos, *barginā (“cake, bread”) (compare Breton bara, Old Cornish bara, Old Irish bairgen f (“bread, loaf; food, plain diet”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰers- (“spike, prickle”) (Old Norse barr (“corn, grain, barley”), Latin far (“spelt”), Serbo-Croatian бра̏шно/brȁšno).


castell

cestyll (plural)
castelli (plural)
castell (mutation mutation-radical)
gastell (mutation mutation-soft)
nghastell (mutation mutation-nasal)
chastell (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh castell, from Proto-Brythonic *kastell, from Latin castellum. Compare Breton kastell, kestell, Cornish kastel.


a

âu (plural)
a (mutation mutation-radical)
ha (mutation prothesis-h)

The name of the Latin-script letter A/a.


Saesneg

From Middle Welsh Saesnec, from Proto-Brythonic *saxsneg, from Latin saxonica (lingua) (“Saxon (language)”). Equivalent to Saeson (“English people”) + -eg (language suffix).


bromo-

(organic chemistry) bromo- (containing bromine)


bala

balaon (plural)
bala (mutation mutation-radical)
fala (mutation mutation-soft)
mala (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Celtic *balago-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷel- (“to dribble; gush forth; spring; squirt; throw”). Cognate with English quell.


-ig

From Proto-Celtic *-ikos. Cognate with Cornish -ik, Breton -ig, Proto-Germanic *-igaz, Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós), Latin -icus.

(chemistry) -ic, Used in chemical nomenclature to name chemical compounds in which a specified chemical element has a higher oxidation number than in the equivalent compound whose name ends in the suffix -us. For example asid nitrig (“nitric acid, HNO₃”) has more oxygen atoms per molecule than asid nitrus (“nitrous acid, HNO₂”).


dawns

dawnsiau (plural)
dawns (mutation mutation-radical)
ddawns (mutation mutation-soft)
nawns (mutation mutation-nasal)


boi

bois (plural)
boi (mutation mutation-radical)
foi (mutation mutation-soft)
moi (mutation mutation-nasal)

(South Wales, colloquial) guy, lad, bloke, chap, dude, fella

(colloquial, used in the vocative) A term of address for a male. mate, dude, man


ofn

ofnau (plural)
ofn (mutation mutation-radical)
hofn (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh ofuyn, from Proto-Celtic *oβnus (“fear”) (compare Breton aon, Cornish own, Old Irish ómun).

Mae gan bawb ofn naturiol o dân.

Mae ofn copyn arno fo.


Duw

Duw (mutation mutation-radical)
Dduw (mutation mutation-soft)
Nuw (mutation mutation-nasal)

From duw (“god”). Cognate with Cornish Duw, Breton Doue, Irish Dia, Scottish Gaelic Dia, Manx Jee.

1588, Y Beibl cyssegr-lan, Ioan 3:16:
Canys felly y carodd Duw y byd fel y rhoddodd efe ei unig‐anedig Fab, fel na choller pwy bynnag a gredo ynddo ef, ond caffael ohono fywyd tragwyddol.
For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.


pum

pum (mutation mutation-radical)
bum (mutation mutation-soft)
mhum (mutation mutation-nasal)
phum (mutation mutation-aspirate)

pum llyfr

(cardinal number) Apocopic form of pump (“five”)


nitr-

(organic chemistry) alternative form of nitro- (“containing nitrogen”), used before a vowel


llys

order to a person to bring a child to court

gorchymyn i berson ddod â phlentyn i'r llys

Children and Family Court Advisory Support Service

Gwasanaeth Cynghori a Chynorthwyo Llys i Blant a Theuluoedd

Llys Parhaol Cyfiawnder Rhyngwladol

Permanent Court of International Justice

pennaeth adran ysgrifenyddol y gwasanaeth llys

transaction that requires examination by the court

trafodiad y mae gofyn i'r llys ei archwilio


treiglad trwynol

cy-noun

treiglad trwynol m (plural treigladau trwynol)

treigladau trwynol (plural)
treiglad trwynol (mutation mutation-radical)
dreiglad trwynol (mutation mutation-soft)
nhreiglad trwynol (mutation mutation-nasal)
threiglad trwynol (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From treiglad (“mutation”) + trwynol (“nasal”).


Arial

Arial (mutation mutation-radical)
Harial (mutation prothesis-h)

a male given name from arial (“vigour”); variant form Ariel


Deiniol

a male given name, equivalent to English Daniel


halen

From Middle Welsh halaen, halen, from Proto-Brythonic *haluɨn, from Proto-Celtic *saleinos, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls (“salt”). Doublet of halwyn (“chemical salt”). Cognate with Cornish holan, Breton holen, Irish salann, and more distantly also Latin sāl and English salt.


Ariel

Ariel (mutation mutation-radical)
Hariel (mutation prothesis-h)

a male given name from arial (“vigour”), variant of Arial


Hywel

→ English: Howell, Howel

→ English: Huell

→ English: Powell (< ap Hywel)

Equivalent to hy- (“good”) + gwêl (“sight”)

a male given name meaning eminent or conspicuous


Agnes

Agnes (mutation mutation-radical)
Hagnes (mutation prothesis-h)

a female given name from Ancient Greek ἁγνός (hagnós, “pure”)


crud

crudau (plural)
crudiau (plural)
crud (mutation mutation-radical)
grud (mutation mutation-soft)
nghrud (mutation mutation-nasal)
chrud (mutation mutation-aspirate)


brenin

cy-noun

brenin m (plural brenhinoedd, feminine brenhines)

brenhinoedd (plural)
brenhines (feminine)
brenin (mutation mutation-radical)
frenin (mutation mutation-soft)
mrenin (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh brenhin, from Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėntin, from Proto-Celtic *brigantīnos (“(someone) pre-eminent, outstanding”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-.


Amos

Amos (mutation mutation-radical)
Hamos (mutation prothesis-h)

עָמוֹס עמוס#Hebrew

a male given name from Hebrew עָמוֹס (“to carry a burden”), equivalent to English Amos

(biblical) A prophet, author of the Book of Amos


Aidan

Aidan (mutation mutation-radical)
Haidan (mutation prothesis-h)

a male given name from Old Irish áed (“fire”)


brom-

(organic chemistry) Alternative form of bromo- (“containing bromine”), used before a vowel


dur

cy-adj

dur (feminine singular dur, plural dur, not comparable)

dur (feminine singular)
dur (plural)
dur (mutation mutation-radical)
ddur (mutation mutation-soft)
nur (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh dur, from Proto-Brythonic *dʉr, from Latin dūrus (“hard”).


arg

argiau (plural)
arg (mutation mutation-radical)
harg (mutation prothesis-h)


Gwen

Gwen (mutation mutation-radical)
Wen (mutation mutation-soft)
Ngwen (mutation mutation-nasal)

From *windā 'white', feminine form of Proto-Celtic *windos. Cf. Welsh gwyn.

a female given name, the feminine form of Gwyn


cen

cennau (plural)
cen (mutation mutation-radical)
gen (mutation mutation-soft)
nghen (mutation mutation-nasal)
chen (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Celtic *kennos (“skin”) (compare Cornish kenn (“film, skin (on liquid); peel”), Breton kenn (“scurf, dandruff”), Old Irish cenn (“covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *sken- (“to split off”) (compare German schinden (“to strip, peel; skin”)); further to Cornish skans (“fish scales”), Breton skant (“fish scales”), Irish scain (“to tear, burst”).

cog

(chemistry) scale, scurf, fur (in pipe, boiler, furnace, kettle)


pei

peis (plural)
pei (mutation mutation-radical)
bei (mutation mutation-soft)
mhei (mutation mutation-nasal)
phei (mutation mutation-aspirate)


heno

From Old Welsh henoid, from Proto-Brythonic *henoɨθ, from Proto-Celtic *se noxt-. Cognate with Breton henoazh, Cornish haneth, Old Irish innocht.


pensil

cy-noun

pensil m (plural pensiliau or pensilau or pensilion)

pensiliau (plural)
pensilau (plural)
pensilion (plural)
pensil (mutation mutation-radical)
bensil (mutation mutation-soft)
mhensil (mutation mutation-nasal)
phensil (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English pencil, from Anglo-Norman and Old French pincil (see the variant pincel, which gave rise to Modern French pinceau (“paintbrush”)), from Latin pēnicillum, diminutive of pēniculus (“brush”), itself a diminutive of pēnis (“tail; penis”).


gali

galïau (plural)
galis (plural)
gali (mutation mutation-radical)
ali (mutation mutation-soft)
ngali (mutation mutation-nasal)

(nautical) galley, caboose (cookroom aboard a ship)

(nautical, historical) galley (long low boat propelled by oars)


cala

caliau (plural)
cala (mutation mutation-radical)
gala (mutation mutation-soft)
nghala (mutation mutation-nasal)
chala (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Celtic *kalgā. Cognate with Cornish kal, kalgh; Breton kalc'h.


glin

gliniau (plural)
glin (mutation mutation-radical)
lin (mutation mutation-soft)
nglin (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Brythonic *glin, from Proto-Celtic *glūnos (compare Old Irish glún), dissimilated from *gnūn-, *gnūnos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu.


sinc

Borrowed from English sink, from Proto-Germanic *sinkwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sengʷ- (“to fall, sink”).


a.

(grammar) Abbreviation of ansoddair (“adjective”).


aur

cy-noun

aur m (usually uncountable, plural eurau)

From Middle Welsh eur, from Proto-Brythonic *ėür, from Vulgar Latin from Latin aureus (“golden”, adjective). The vowel au (/aɨ̯/) must have undergone internal i-affection, showing that this word is derived from the adjective aureus, not the noun aurum, which gave the now archaic synonym awr (not to be confused with awr (“hour”) from hōra).


aur

cy-adj

aur (feminine singular aur, plural aur, not comparable)

aur (feminine singular)
aur (plural)
aur (mutation mutation-radical)
haur (mutation prothesis-h)


arian

cy-noun

arian m (usually uncountable, plural ariannau or ariannoedd)

From Middle Welsh ariant, from Old Welsh argant, from Proto-Brythonic *arɣant, from Proto-Celtic *argantom (“silver”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erǵ- (“white; shine”). Compare Breton arc'hant/argant, Irish airgead and Latin argentum.


arian

cy-adj

arian (feminine singular arian, plural arian, not comparable)

arian (feminine singular)
arian (plural)
arian (mutation mutation-radical)
harian (mutation prothesis-h)


mam

mamau (plural)
mam (mutation mutation-radical)
fam (mutation mutation-soft)
mham (irregular mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh mam, from Proto-Brythonic *mamm, from Proto-Celtic *mammā, a baby talk word replacing Proto-Celtic *mātīr.

onomatopoeic

baby talk

mam miloedd

mind-your-own-business, Soleirolia soleirolii; ivy-leaved toadflax, Cymbalaria muralis

mam y glo

mother of coal, impure coal in a coal seam

mam yng nghyfraith

mother-in-law; wild pansy, Viola tricolor

mam yn Israel

mother in Israel, elderly woman much loved by her family or community


toiled

toiledau (plural)
toiledi (plural)
toiled (mutation mutation-radical)
doiled (mutation mutation-soft)
nhoiled (mutation mutation-nasal)
thoiled (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English toilet, from French toilette.


cloro-

From Ancient Greek χλωρός (khlōrós, “pale green”).

uder

(organic chemistry) chloro- (chlorine, green)


manag

managau (plural)
manag (mutation mutation-radical)
fanag (mutation mutation-soft)


bachan

bachan (mutation mutation-radical)
fachan (mutation mutation-soft)
machan (mutation mutation-nasal)


Elgan

Elgan (mutation mutation-radical)
Helgan (mutation prothesis-h)


dolen

dolennau (plural)
dolenni (plural)
dolen (mutation mutation-radical)
ddolen (mutation mutation-soft)
nolen (mutation mutation-nasal)

From dôl (“dale, valley; loop, ring”) + -en.


nain

neiniau (plural)
nain (mutation mutation-radical)
nhain (irregular mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *nanī, from Proto-Celtic *nana (“grandmother”), probably from a Proto-Indo-European root imitative of a child speaking, similar to Ancient Greek νάννα (nánna).

onomatopoeic

imitative


bron

From Middle Welsh bronn, from Proto-Brythonic *bronn, from Proto-Celtic *brusū (“belly”).

Cariad mam sy dan fy mron

Mae bronnau ardderchog gyda hi. (South)

1979, Heini Gruffudd, Look Up The Welsh: A Welsh Phrase Book, Y Lolfa Press


bardd

beirdd (plural)
bardd (mutation mutation-radical)
fardd (mutation mutation-soft)
mardd (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Brythonic *barð, from Proto-Celtic *bardos.


Dafydd

English: Taffy

Dafydd (mutation mutation-radical)
Ddafydd (mutation mutation-soft)
Nafydd (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Koine Greek Δαυίδ (Dauíd), Δαβίδ (Dabíd), from Biblical Hebrew דּוד (Dāwîḏ).

a male given name from Hebrew, the Welsh version of David


Gwynedd

Gwynedd (mutation mutation-radical)
Wynedd (mutation mutation-soft)
Ngwynedd (mutation mutation-nasal)

From the name of the area of Wales, or perhaps from gwyn (“white, fair”).


cwt

Possibly borrowed from Middle English scut.


Aiden

Aiden (mutation mutation-radical)
Haiden (mutation prothesis-h)


genom

genomau (plural)
genom (mutation mutation-radical)
ngenom (irregular mutation mutation-nasal)


Alwyn

Alwyn (mutation mutation-radical)
Halwyn (mutation prothesis-h)

From Old English Æþelwine, from æþel (“noble”) + wine (“friend”), or from al (“great”) + gwyn (“white, blessed”).

a male given name, feminine equivalent Alwen, Alwena, or Alwina.


Alban

Alban (mutation mutation-radical)
Halban (mutation prothesis-h)

a male given name from Old Irish Albu (“Scotland”)


Gwener

Gwener (mutation mutation-radical)
Wener (mutation mutation-soft)
Ngwener (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Brythonic *gwener, from Latin Venus. Compare Breton Gwener, Cornish Gwener.


groser

groseriaid (plural)
groser (mutation mutation-radical)
roser (mutation mutation-soft)
ngroser (mutation mutation-nasal)

Borrowed from English grocer, from Old French grossier (“wholesaler”).


Zwinglïaidd

cy-adj

Zwinglïaidd (feminine singular Zwinglïaidd, plural Zwinglïaidd, not comparable, not mutable)

Zwinglïaidd (feminine singular)
Zwinglïaidd (plural)

/swɪŋˈɡliː.ɛð/

From Zwingli (“surname of Huldrych Zwingli, a Swiss Protestant reformer”) + -aidd.


curad

cy-noun

curad m (plural curadiaid, diminutive curedyn)


comed

comedau (plural)
comed (mutation mutation-radical)
gomed (mutation mutation-soft)
nghomed (mutation mutation-nasal)
chomed (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English comet, from Latin comētēs, from Ancient Greek κομήτης (komḗtēs).


pab

pabau (plural)
pab (mutation mutation-radical)
bab (mutation mutation-soft)
mhab (mutation mutation-nasal)
phab (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh pap, from Proto-Brythonic *pab, from Vulgar Latin *păpa form Latin pāpa.


abatir

abatiroedd (plural)
abatir (mutation mutation-radical)
habatir (mutation prothesis-h)


aren

arennau (plural)
aren (mutation mutation-radical)
haren (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh arenn, from Proto-Celtic *ārū. Cognate with Old Irish áru and perhaps more distantly with Hittite [Term?] (/ḫaḫri-/), Latin rēn, and Tocharian A āriñc (“heart”).


calan

calannau (plural)
calan (mutation mutation-radical)
galan (mutation mutation-soft)
nghalan (mutation mutation-nasal)
chalan (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh kalan, from Proto-Brythonic *kalann (compare Cornish and Breton kalan), from Vulgar Latin *calandae, from Latin kalendae (“calends”).


croen

croen m (usually uncountable, plural crwyn)

crwyn (plural)
croen (mutation mutation-radical)
groen (mutation mutation-soft)
nghroen (mutation mutation-nasal)
chroen (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Old Welsh groen, from Proto-Brythonic *krʉn, from Proto-Celtic *kroknom, syncope of *krokkenom (compare Cornish kroghen, Breton kroc'hen, Old Irish croiccenn), of unknown origin. Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“cut off”), although this gave corwg and ysgaru.


saws

From Middle English sauce, from Old French sauce.


Carys

Carys (mutation mutation-radical)
Garys (mutation mutation-soft)
Ngharys (mutation mutation-nasal)
Charys (mutation mutation-aspirate)


hurten

cy-noun

hurten m (plural hurtynnod or hurtynion, masculine hurtyn, not mutable)

hurtynnod (plural)
hurtynion (plural)
hurtyn (masculine)


pelen

pelennau (plural)
pelenni (plural)
pelen (mutation mutation-radical)
belen (mutation mutation-soft)
mhelen (mutation mutation-nasal)
phelen (mutation mutation-aspirate)


Cerys

Cerys (mutation mutation-radical)
Gerys (mutation mutation-soft)
Ngherys (mutation mutation-nasal)
Cherys (mutation mutation-aspirate)


melys

cy-adj

melys (feminine singular melys, plural melysion, equative melysed, comparative melysach, superlative melysaf)

melys (feminine singular)
melysion (plural)
melysed (equative)
melysach (comparative)
melysaf (superlative)
melys (mutation mutation-radical)
felys (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh melys, from Proto-Brythonic *melɨs, from Proto-Celtic *melissis (“sweet”), from *meli (“honey”). Cognate with Cornish melys, Irish milis, Scottish Gaelic milis.


synagog

cy-noun

synagog m (plural synagogau, not mutable)

/ˈsɨ̞naˌɡɔɡ/

From Middle Welsh synagoc, from Middle English synagoge, from Old French synagoge, from Latin synagōga, from Ancient Greek συναγωγή (sunagōgḗ).


yw

ywyn (singulative)
yw (mutation mutation-radical)
hyw (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Celtic *iwos (“yew”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyHw- (“yew”).


mathemateg

mathemategion (plural)
mathemateg (mutation mutation-radical)
fathemateg (mutation mutation-soft)

Borrowed from English mathematics, influenced in form by the native suffix -eg.


Iwan

From Latin Iōannēs, from Ancient Greek Ἰωάννης (Iōánnēs), from Biblical Hebrew יוֹחָנָן (Yôḥānān, literally “God is gracious”). Doublet of Ifan and Siôn.

der

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English John


alban

alban (mutation mutation-radical)
halban (mutation prothesis-h)

(music) element in names of some of the 24 metres in Cerdd Dant


gŵr

gwŷr (plural)
gŵr (mutation mutation-radical)
ŵr (mutation mutation-soft)
ngŵr (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh gwr, from Old Welsh gur, from Proto-Brythonic *gwur.