rhedeg

cy-verb

rhedeg (first-person singular present rhedaf)

rhedaf (first-person present singular)
rhedaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
rhedi (future indicative present second-person singular)
rhed (future indicative present singular third-person)
rhedwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
rhedwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
rhedant (future indicative plural present third-person)
rhedir (future impersonal indicative present)
rhedwn (conditional first-person singular)
rhedwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
rhedit (conditional second-person singular)
rhedit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
rhedai (conditional singular third-person)
rhedai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
rhedem (conditional first-person plural)
rhedem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
rhedech (conditional plural second-person)
rhedech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
rhedent (conditional plural third-person)
rhedent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
rhedid (conditional impersonal)
rhedid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
rhedais (first-person preterite singular)
rhedaist (preterite second-person singular)
rhedodd (preterite singular third-person)
rhedasom (first-person plural preterite)
rhedasoch (plural preterite second-person)
rhedasant (plural preterite third-person)
rhedwyd (impersonal preterite)
rhedaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
rhedasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
rhedasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
rhedasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
rhedasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
rhedasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
rhedasid (impersonal pluperfect)
rhedesid (impersonal pluperfect)
rhedwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
rhedych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
rhedo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
rhedom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
rhedoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
rhedont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
rheder (impersonal present subjunctive)
rhed (imperative second-person singular)
rheded (imperative singular third-person)
rhedwn (first-person imperative plural)
rhedwch (imperative plural second-person)
rhedent (imperative plural third-person)
rheder (imperative impersonal)
rhedeg (noun-from-verb)
rhededig (participle)
rhedadwy (participle)
rheda i (first-person future singular)
rhedaf i (first-person future singular)
rhedi di (future second-person singular)
rhedith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
rhediff e (future singular third-person)
rhedwn ni (first-person future plural)
rhedwch chi (future plural second-person)
rhedan nhw (future plural third-person)
rhedwn i (conditional first-person singular)
rhedswn i (conditional first-person singular)
rhedet ti (conditional second-person singular)
rhedset ti (conditional second-person singular)
rhedai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
rhedsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
rheden ni (conditional first-person plural)
rhedsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
rhedech chi (conditional plural second-person)
rhedsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
rheden nhw (conditional plural third-person)
rhedsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
rhedais i (first-person preterite singular)
rhedes i (first-person preterite singular)
rhedaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
rhedest ti (preterite second-person singular)
rhedodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
rhedon ni (first-person plural preterite)
rhedoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
rhedon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
rheda (imperative second-person singular)
rhedwch (imperative plural second-person)
rhedeg (mutation mutation-radical)
redeg (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh redec, from Old Welsh retit, from Proto-Brythonic *rrėdɨd, from Proto-Celtic *reteti, from Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂-.
Compare Cornish resek, Breton redek, Old Irish reithid.


llun

lluniau (plural)
llun (mutation mutation-radical)
lun (mutation mutation-soft)


papur

papurau (plural)
papur (mutation mutation-radical)
bapur (mutation mutation-soft)
mhapur (mutation mutation-nasal)
phapur (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle English papure (“paper”), from Anglo-Norman papier.

Ti wedi darllen y papur heddiw?

Cafodd ei phapurau eu dinistrio mewn tân tŷ.

Her papers were destroyed in a house fire.


llwyfan

llwyfannau (plural)
llwyfan (mutation mutation-radical)
lwyfan (mutation mutation-soft)

Possibly related to llwyfen (“elm tree”)


cysgu

cysgu (first-person singular present cysgaf)

cysgaf (first-person present singular)
cysgaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
cysgi (future indicative present second-person singular)
cwsg (future indicative present singular third-person)
cysga (future indicative present singular third-person)
cysgwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
cysgwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
cysgant (future indicative plural present third-person)
cysgir (future impersonal indicative present)
cysgwn (conditional first-person singular)
cysgwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
cysgit (conditional second-person singular)
cysgit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
cysgai (conditional singular third-person)
cysgai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
cysgem (conditional first-person plural)
cysgem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
cysgech (conditional plural second-person)
cysgech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
cysgent (conditional plural third-person)
cysgent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
cysgid (conditional impersonal)
cysgid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
cysgais (first-person preterite singular)
cysgaist (preterite second-person singular)
cysgodd (preterite singular third-person)
cysgasom (first-person plural preterite)
cysgasoch (plural preterite second-person)
cysgasant (plural preterite third-person)
cysgwyd (impersonal preterite)
cysgaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
cysgasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
cysgasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
cysgasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
cysgasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
cysgasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
cysgasid (impersonal pluperfect)
cysgesid (impersonal pluperfect)
cysgwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cysgych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cysgo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
cysgom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
cysgoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cysgont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
cysger (impersonal present subjunctive)
cwsg (imperative second-person singular)
cysga (imperative second-person singular)
cysged (imperative singular third-person)
cysgwn (first-person imperative plural)
cysgwch (imperative plural second-person)
cysgent (imperative plural third-person)
cysger (imperative impersonal)
cysgu (noun-from-verb)
cysgedig (participle)
cysga i (first-person future singular)
cysgaf i (first-person future singular)
cysgi di (future second-person singular)
cysgith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
cysgiff e (future singular third-person)
cysgwn ni (first-person future plural)
cysgwch chi (future plural second-person)
cysgan nhw (future plural third-person)
cysgwn i (conditional first-person singular)
cysgswn i (conditional first-person singular)
cysget ti (conditional second-person singular)
cysgset ti (conditional second-person singular)
cysgai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
cysgsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
cysgen ni (conditional first-person plural)
cysgsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
cysgech chi (conditional plural second-person)
cysgsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
cysgen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
cysgsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
cysgais i (first-person preterite singular)
cysges i (first-person preterite singular)
cysgaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
cysgest ti (preterite second-person singular)
cysgodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
cysgon ni (first-person plural preterite)
cysgoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
cysgon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
cysga (imperative second-person singular)
cysgwch (imperative plural second-person)
cysgu (mutation mutation-radical)
gysgu (mutation mutation-soft)
nghysgu (mutation mutation-nasal)
chysgu (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh kyscu, from Proto-Brythonic *kuskɨd, from Proto-Celtic *kuxsketi (compare Cornish koska, Breton kousket), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewb- (compare Latin cubō (“I recline”)).

(intransitive) sleep (rest in state of reduced consciousness)

cysgu yn llety'r falwen

to sleep by an outside wall; to sleep in the snail's lodgings


cylch

cy-noun

cylch m (plural cylchoedd or cylchau or cylchon or cylchion)

cylchoedd (plural)
cylchau (plural)
cylchon (plural)
cylchion (plural)
cylch (mutation mutation-radical)
gylch (mutation mutation-soft)
nghylch (mutation mutation-nasal)
chylch (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh kylch, from Old Welsh circhl, from Proto-Brythonic *kɨrxl, borrowed from Latin circulus. Compare Breton kelc'h and Cumbric kelchyn.

(mathematics) circle; space enclosed within it

circle, ring
circle; space enclosed within it


sebon

Uncertain. The sense “semen” is older than the sense “soap” (the former attested in Middle Welsh, the latter not until Early Modern Welsh), so it may be a conflation of Latin sēmen with Latin sāpō, although the vowels do not match either word. (If the Latin words had been borrowed into Proto-Brythonic, sēmen, sēminis would be expected to give Welsh *swyf(yn), while sāpō(nis) would give *sawb or *sobun.) Hypothesizing a borrowing from Old English sāpe (accusative sāpan) also leaves the vowels (and the early semantics) unaccounted for.


trwyn

trwynau (plural)
trwyn (mutation mutation-radical)
drwyn (mutation mutation-soft)
nhrwyn (mutation mutation-nasal)
thrwyn (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Celtic *trognī- (“nose”), with further origin uncertain; perhaps related to ffroen (“nostril”). Cognate with Cornish troen, Breton stroen, and also with French trogne via Gaulish trugna (“nose, snout”).


Aelod Seneddol

Aelod Seneddol m (plural Aelodau Seneddol)

Aelodau Seneddol (plural)
Aelod Seneddol (mutation mutation-radical)
Haelod Seneddol (mutation prothesis-h)

/ˌeɨ̯lɔd sɛˈnɛðɔl/

Member of Parliament
Member of Parliament


cyfrifiadur

cyfrifiaduron (plural)
cyfrifiadur (mutation mutation-radical)
gyfrifiadur (mutation mutation-soft)
nghyfrifiadur (mutation mutation-nasal)
chyfrifiadur (mutation mutation-aspirate)


allweddell

allweddellau (plural)
allweddell (mutation mutation-radical)
hallweddell (mutation prothesis-h)

keyboard (set of keys used to operate a typewriter, computer etc.)


cegin

From Middle Welsh kegyn, from Proto-Brythonic *kėgin (whence also Breton and Cornish kegin), from Late Latin cocīna, from earlier coquīna.

“Mae'r bwyd yn barod ar fwrdd y gegin!” gwaeddod Mam.

“The food is ready on the kitchen table!” shouted Mam.


cegin

Picus viridis
Picus viridis#Translingual

(rare) woodpecker (Picidae), notably:
green woodpecker (Picus viridis)

great spotted woodpecker
great spotted woodpecker

Dendrocopos major
Dendrocopos major#Translingual

great spotted woodpecker, witwall (Dendrocopos major)

Garrulus glandarius
Garrulus glandarius#Translingual

(rare) Eurasian jay (Garrulus glandarius)


wici

Borrowed from English wiki, from Hawaiian wikiwiki (“quickly”).


Eidaleg

Eidaleg (mutation mutation-radical)
Heidaleg (mutation prothesis-h)


gwaedu

cy-verb

gwaedu (first-person singular present gwaedaf)

gwaedaf (first-person present singular)
gwaedaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
gwaedi (future indicative present second-person singular)
gwaeda (future indicative present singular third-person)
gwaedwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
gwaedwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
gwaedant (future indicative plural present third-person)
gwaedir (future impersonal indicative present)
gwaedwn (conditional first-person singular)
gwaedwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
gwaedit (conditional second-person singular)
gwaedit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
gwaedai (conditional singular third-person)
gwaedai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
gwaedem (conditional first-person plural)
gwaedem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
gwaedech (conditional plural second-person)
gwaedech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
gwaedent (conditional plural third-person)
gwaedent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
gwaedid (conditional impersonal)
gwaedid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
gwaedais (first-person preterite singular)
gwaedaist (preterite second-person singular)
gwaedodd (preterite singular third-person)
gwaedasom (first-person plural preterite)
gwaedasoch (plural preterite second-person)
gwaedasant (plural preterite third-person)
gwaedwyd (impersonal preterite)
gwaedaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
gwaedasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
gwaedasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
gwaedasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
gwaedasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
gwaedasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
gwaedasid (impersonal pluperfect)
gwaedesid (impersonal pluperfect)
gwaedwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
gwaedych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
gwaedo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
gwaedom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
gwaedoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
gwaedont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
gwaeder (impersonal present subjunctive)
gwaeda (imperative second-person singular)
gwaeded (imperative singular third-person)
gwaedwn (first-person imperative plural)
gwaedwch (imperative plural second-person)
gwaedent (imperative plural third-person)
gwaeder (imperative impersonal)
gwaedu (noun-from-verb)
gwaededig (participle)
gwaedadwy (participle)
gwaeda i (first-person future singular)
gwaedaf i (first-person future singular)
gwaedi di (future second-person singular)
gwaedith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
gwaediff e (future singular third-person)
gwaedwn ni (first-person future plural)
gwaedwch chi (future plural second-person)
gwaedan nhw (future plural third-person)
gwaedwn i (conditional first-person singular)
gwaedswn i (conditional first-person singular)
gwaedet ti (conditional second-person singular)
gwaedset ti (conditional second-person singular)
gwaedai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
gwaedsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
gwaeden ni (conditional first-person plural)
gwaedsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
gwaedech chi (conditional plural second-person)
gwaedsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
gwaeden nhw (conditional plural third-person)
gwaedsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
gwaedais i (first-person preterite singular)
gwaedes i (first-person preterite singular)
gwaedaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
gwaedest ti (preterite second-person singular)
gwaedodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
gwaedon ni (first-person plural preterite)
gwaedoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
gwaedon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
gwaeda (imperative second-person singular)
gwaedwch (imperative plural second-person)
gwaedu (mutation mutation-radical)
waedu (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwaedu (mutation mutation-nasal)


anifail

head

anifail m (plural anifeiliaid or anifeilaid or anifeiliod or anifeilod, feminine anifeiles, diminutive anifeilyn)

anifeiliaid (plural)
anifeilaid (plural)
anifeiliod (plural)
anifeilod (plural)
anifeiles (feminine)
anifeilyn (diminutive)
anifail (mutation mutation-radical)
hanifail (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh anyueyl, from Proto-Brythonic *anɨβ̃ėl, borrowed from Latin animal, animālis (compare Breton aneval, Middle Cornish enevalles pl).

anifeilaidd

animal-like, bestial, beastly, brutish, savage, foul; animal, carnal, sensual

anifeildra

animal nature, brutishness, bestiality, beastliness, cruelty


wyneb

wynebau (plural)
wyneb (mutation mutation-radical)
hwyneb (mutation prothesis-h)

South Wales

From Proto-Brythonic *eneb, from Proto-Celtic *enīkʷom (“face”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁enih₃kʷos (“face”), from *h₁én and *h₃ókʷs (“eye”). Cognate with Breton eneb (“face”), Cornish enep (“face”), and Old Irish enech (“face”).

A phwy ond efe sydd wedi cael digon o wyneb a haerllugrwydd i daflu llaid arno?

And who but he has had enough cheek and impudence to sling mud at him?


potel

poteli (plural)
potel (mutation mutation-radical)
botel (mutation mutation-soft)
mhotel (mutation mutation-nasal)
photel (mutation mutation-aspirate)


gramadeg

gramadegau (plural)
gramadeg (mutation mutation-radical)
ramadeg (mutation mutation-soft)
ngramadeg (mutation mutation-nasal)

Inherited from Middle Welsh gramadec, from Latin grammatica.


cwdyn

cydynnau (plural)
cwdyn (mutation mutation-radical)
gwdyn (mutation mutation-soft)
nghwdyn (mutation mutation-nasal)
chwdyn (mutation mutation-aspirate)


ymennydd

ymenyddiau (plural)
ymennydd (mutation mutation-radical)
hymennydd (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Celtic *en-kʷennio-, corresponding to yn (“in”) + pen (“head”). Cognate with Breton empenn, Irish inchinn.


rhif

rhifau (plural)
rhif (mutation mutation-radical)
rif (mutation mutation-soft)

From Proto-Brythonic *rriβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *rīmā.


llawlyfr

llawlyfrau (plural)
llawlyfr (mutation mutation-radical)
lawlyfr (mutation mutation-soft)

/ˈɬau̯ˌlɨ̞vɨ̞r/

From llaw (“hand”) + llyfr (“book”), calque of English handbook.


cyfieithydd

cyfieithwyr (plural)
cyfieithydd (mutation mutation-radical)
gyfieithydd (mutation mutation-soft)
nghyfieithydd (mutation mutation-nasal)
chyfieithydd (mutation mutation-aspirate)

/kəvˈjei̯θɨ̞ð/

From cyfieithu (“to translate; to interpret”) + -ydd.

affix

person of the same language or race as another, fellow-countryman


cyfeiriad

cyfeiriadau (plural)
cyfeiriad (mutation mutation-radical)
gyfeiriad (mutation mutation-soft)
nghyfeiriad (mutation mutation-nasal)
chyfeiriad (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From cyfair (“direction, region, place, spot; opposite position”) + -iad.


gwydr

gwydrau (plural)
gwydr (mutation mutation-radical)
wydr (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwydr (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh gwydyr, from Proto-Brythonic *gwɨdr, from Latin vitrum.


berf

berfau (plural)
berf (mutation mutation-radical)
ferf (mutation mutation-soft)
merf (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh beryf, from Latin verbum. The initial /b/ is due to a reinterpretation of original /v/ as a soft mutation form.


rhew

rhewogydd (plural)
rhew (mutation mutation-radical)
rew (mutation mutation-soft)

From Proto-Celtic *ɸreswos (compare Cornish rew, Breton rev, Irish reo, Old Irish réud), from Proto-Indo-European *prews- (compare English freeze).


llong

llongau (plural)
llong (mutation mutation-radical)
long (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh llog, from Proto-Brythonic *llong, from Proto-Celtic *longā (“boat, vessel”).

Cydnabyddir pwysigrwydd cenedlaethol y llong.

The ship’s national importance is recognised.


machlud haul

machludau haul (plural)
machlud haul (mutation mutation-radical)
fachlud haul (mutation mutation-soft)


gyrrwr

gyrwyr (plural)
gyrrwr (mutation mutation-radical)
yrrwr (mutation mutation-soft)
ngyrrwr (mutation mutation-nasal)

driver; rider, racer; haulier; drover; cattle thief


arwydd

arwyddion (plural)
arwydd (mutation mutation-radical)
harwydd (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh arwyð, from Proto-Celtic *ɸareweidyom; compare Old Irish airde.

arwydd y Llew

(astrology, astronomy) sign (of the zodiac)


clawdd

cloddiau (plural)
cloddion (plural)
clawdd (mutation mutation-radical)
glawdd (mutation mutation-soft)
nghlawdd (mutation mutation-nasal)
chlawdd (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Celtic *klādos, from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂dos.

soil thrown up in digging a pit or trench; mound, wall made of earth, dyke, earthwork, bulwark


llwyn

cy-noun

llwyn m (plural llwynau or llwyni, diminutive llwynyn)

llwynau (plural)
llwyni (plural)
llwynyn (diminutive)

From Middle Welsh llwyn, from Old Welsh loin, from Proto-Brythonic *lluɨn, from Latin lignum. Cognate with Old Breton loin, loen.

(especially in love poetry) the traditional rendezvous of lovers, symbol of love or romance


golau dydd

golau dydd (mutation mutation-radical)
olau dydd (mutation mutation-soft)
ngolau dydd (mutation mutation-nasal)


trydanwr

trydanwyr (plural)
trydanwr (mutation mutation-radical)
drydanwr (mutation mutation-soft)
nhrydanwr (mutation mutation-nasal)
thrydanwr (mutation mutation-aspirate)


ffon gof

ffon gof f (plural ffyn cof, not mutable)

/ˌfɔŋ ˈɡoːv/


gwaed

gwaed m (usually uncountable, plural gwaedau or gwaedoedd)

gwaedau (plural)
gwaedoedd (plural)
gwaed (mutation mutation-radical)
waed (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwaed (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh gwaet, from Old Welsh guayt, from Proto-Brythonic *gwoɨd, from Proto-Celtic *waitos, probably ultimately from the root of gwythi (“veins”), see that entry for cognates. Cognate with Breton gwad and Cornish goes.


gwawr

gwawriau (plural)
gwawroedd (plural)
gwawr (mutation mutation-radical)
wawr (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwawr (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Celtic *wāris. Cognate with Latin aurora (“dawn”), Ancient Greek ἠώς (ēṓs, “dawn”).


trefnu

cy-verb

trefnu (first-person singular present trefnaf)

trefnaf (first-person present singular)
trefnaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
trefni (future indicative present second-person singular)
trefna (future indicative present singular third-person)
trefnwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
trefnwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
trefnant (future indicative plural present third-person)
trefnir (future impersonal indicative present)
trefnwn (conditional first-person singular)
trefnwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
trefnit (conditional second-person singular)
trefnit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
trefnai (conditional singular third-person)
trefnai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
trefnem (conditional first-person plural)
trefnem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
trefnech (conditional plural second-person)
trefnech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
trefnent (conditional plural third-person)
trefnent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
trefnid (conditional impersonal)
trefnid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
trefnais (first-person preterite singular)
trefnaist (preterite second-person singular)
trefnodd (preterite singular third-person)
trefnasom (first-person plural preterite)
trefnasoch (plural preterite second-person)
trefnasant (plural preterite third-person)
trefnwyd (impersonal preterite)
trefnaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
trefnasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
trefnasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
trefnasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
trefnasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
trefnasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
trefnasid (impersonal pluperfect)
trefnesid (impersonal pluperfect)
trefnwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
trefnych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
trefno (present singular subjunctive third-person)
trefnom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
trefnoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
trefnont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
trefner (impersonal present subjunctive)
trefna (imperative second-person singular)
trefned (imperative singular third-person)
trefnwn (first-person imperative plural)
trefnwch (imperative plural second-person)
trefnent (imperative plural third-person)
trefner (imperative impersonal)
trefnu (noun-from-verb)
trefnedig (participle)
trefnadwy (participle)
trefna i (first-person future singular)
trefnaf i (first-person future singular)
trefni di (future second-person singular)
trefnith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
trefniff e (future singular third-person)
trefnwn ni (first-person future plural)
trefnwch chi (future plural second-person)
trefnan nhw (future plural third-person)
trefnwn i (conditional first-person singular)
trefnswn i (conditional first-person singular)
trefnet ti (conditional second-person singular)
trefnset ti (conditional second-person singular)
trefnai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
trefnsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
trefnen ni (conditional first-person plural)
trefnsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
trefnech chi (conditional plural second-person)
trefnsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
trefnen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
trefnsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
trefnais i (first-person preterite singular)
trefnes i (first-person preterite singular)
trefnaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
trefnest ti (preterite second-person singular)
trefnodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
trefnon ni (first-person plural preterite)
trefnoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
trefnon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
trefna (imperative second-person singular)
trefnwch (imperative plural second-person)
trefnu (mutation mutation-radical)
drefnu (mutation mutation-soft)
nhrefnu (mutation mutation-nasal)
threfnu (mutation mutation-aspirate)


gwesty

gwestai (plural)
gwesty (mutation mutation-radical)
westy (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwesty (mutation mutation-nasal)

hotel (establishment providing accommodation)


cramen

cramennau (plural)
cramen (mutation mutation-radical)
gramen (mutation mutation-soft)
nghramen (mutation mutation-nasal)
chramen (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Celtic *krammen, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krama- (compare Middle Irish screm (“surface, skin”) and Breton kramenn (“crust, grime, tan”)).


newyddiadur

cy-noun

newyddiadur m (plural newyddiaduron, not mutable)


gwers

gwersi (plural)
gwers (mutation mutation-radical)
wers (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwers (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh gwers, from Proto-Brythonic *gwers, from Latin versus (“line of writing, verse”).


papur newydd

papur newydd m (plural papurau newyddion)

papurau newyddion (plural)
papur newydd (mutation mutation-radical)
bapur newydd (mutation mutation-soft)
mhapur newydd (mutation mutation-nasal)
phapur newydd (mutation mutation-aspirate)

/ˈpapɨ̞r ˈnɛu̯.ɨ̞ð/


taflod

taflodydd (plural)
taflodau (plural)
taflod (mutation mutation-radical)
daflod (mutation mutation-soft)
nhaflod (mutation mutation-nasal)
thaflod (mutation mutation-aspirate)


penglog

penglogau (plural)
penglog (mutation mutation-radical)
benglog (mutation mutation-soft)
mhenglog (mutation mutation-nasal)
phenglog (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From pen (“head”) + clog (“rockface, cliff”). Compare Breton klopenn, Old Irish cloicenn.


ysbyty

ysbytai (plural)
ysbyty (mutation mutation-radical)
hysbyty (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh yspyty, a compound of yspyt + ty (“house”) (modern tŷ). The first element is from Proto-Brythonic *öspɨd, from Latin hospitium (“hospitality; inn”).


golosg

golosg m (usually uncountable, plural golosgion)

golosgion (plural)
golosg (mutation mutation-radical)
olosg (mutation mutation-soft)
ngolosg (mutation mutation-nasal)


coes

coes f or m (plural coesau, diminutive coesen or coesyn)

coesau (plural)
coesen (diminutive)
coesyn (diminutive)
coes (mutation mutation-radical)
goes (mutation mutation-soft)
nghoes (mutation mutation-nasal)
choes (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh coes, probably from Proto-Brythonic *koɨs, from Proto-Celtic *koxsā, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *koḱs-. Cognate with Old Irish cos (“leg”) and Latin coxa (“hip”).


milcant

milcanfed (ordinal)
milcant (mutation mutation-radical)
filcant (mutation mutation-soft)

From mil (“thousand”) + cant (“hundred”).


myrdd

myrddfed (ordinal)
myrdd (mutation mutation-radical)
fyrdd (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh myrẟ, from Latin mȳrias, from Ancient Greek μῡριάς (mūriás, “number of 10,000”), from μῡρίος (mūríos, “numberless, countless, infinite”).


ystafell aros

cy-noun

ystafell aros f (plural ystafelloedd aros)

ystafelloedd aros (plural)
ystafell aros (mutation mutation-radical)
hystafell aros (mutation prothesis-h)


cyfrwngddarostyngedigaeth

cyfrwngddarostyngedigaeth f (plural cyfrwngddarostyngedigaethau)

cyfrwngddarostyngedigaethau (plural)
cyfrwngddarostyngedigaeth (mutation mutation-radical)
gyfrwngddarostyngedigaeth (mutation mutation-soft)
nghyfrwngddarostyngedigaeth (mutation mutation-nasal)
chyfrwngddarostyngedigaeth (mutation mutation-aspirate)

[ˌkʰəvrʊŋˌðarɔsˌtəŋɛˈdɪɡaɨ̯θ]

[ˌkʰəvrʊŋˌðarɔsˌtəŋɛˈdɪɡɛθ]

[ˌkəvrʊŋˌðarɔsˌtəŋɛˈdiːɡai̯θ]

[ˌkəvrʊŋˌðarɔsˌtəŋɛˈdɪɡai̯θ]

[ˌkəvrʊŋˌðarɔsˌtəŋɛˈdiːɡɛθ]

[ˌkəvrʊŋˌðarɔsˌtəŋɛˈdɪɡɛθ]


rhech

rhechod (plural)
rhechion (plural)
rhech (mutation mutation-radical)
rech (mutation mutation-soft)

From Proto-Brythonic *rrex, from Proto-Celtic *ɸrikkā, from Proto-Indo-European *perd-. Cognate with English fart.


gwefus

gwefusau (plural)
gwefus (mutation mutation-radical)
wefus (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwefus (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Brythonic *webussu (compare Cornish gweus, Breton gweuz), compound of *we- (compare gwefl (“animal lip”)) and Proto-Celtic *bussu (“lip”) (compare Scottish Gaelic bus, Old Irish busóc (“kiss”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bus- (“to kiss”) (compare Latin bāsium (“kiss”), Lithuanian bučiúoti, Albanian buzë (“mouth”), Persian بوسیدن (bôsidan, “to kiss”)).


amgueddfa

amgueddfa f (plural amgueddfeydd or amgueddfâu or amgueddfaoedd)

amgueddfeydd (plural)
amgueddfâu (plural)
amgueddfaoedd (plural)
amgueddfa (mutation mutation-radical)
hamgueddfa (mutation prothesis-h)

/ˌamɡɨ̞ˈɛðva/

From amguedd (“treasure, wealth”) + -fa, -ma; coined by William Owen Pughe.


coler

coler (mutation mutation-radical)
goler (mutation mutation-soft)
ngholer (mutation mutation-nasal)
choler (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle English coler (“yellow bile”).


poeth

cy-adj

poeth (feminine singular poeth, plural poethion, equative poethed, comparative poethach, superlative poethaf)

poeth (feminine singular)
poethion (plural)
poethed (equative)
poethach (comparative)
poethaf (superlative)
poeth (mutation mutation-radical)
boeth (mutation mutation-soft)
mhoeth (mutation mutation-nasal)
phoeth (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *poɨθ, from Proto-Celtic *kʷoxtos (“cooked”), from Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ- (“to cook”). Doublet of coeth.

tinboeth

lecherous; water pepper plant; some bird species


siwgr

cy-noun

siwgr m (usually uncountable, plural siwgrau or siwgroedd, not mutable)

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman sucre, from Old French çucre, chucre, from Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar).


dyfeiswraig

head

dyfeiswraig f (masculine dyfeisiwr, plural dyfeiswragedd)

dyfeisiwr (masculine)
dyfeiswragedd (plural)
dyfeiswraig (mutation mutation-radical)
ddyfeiswraig (mutation mutation-soft)
nyfeiswraig (mutation mutation-nasal)


Cernyweg

Cernyweg (mutation mutation-radical)
Gernyweg (mutation mutation-soft)
Nghernyweg (mutation mutation-nasal)
Chernyweg (mutation mutation-aspirate)


cedor

cedor (mutation mutation-radical)
gedor (mutation mutation-soft)
nghedor (mutation mutation-nasal)
chedor (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *kedor, from Proto-Celtic *ketorā.


cynrychiolydd

cy-noun

cynrychiolydd m (plural cynrychiolyddion)

cynrychiolyddion (plural)
cynrychiolydd (mutation mutation-radical)
gynrychiolydd (mutation mutation-soft)
nghynrychiolydd (mutation mutation-nasal)
chynrychiolydd (mutation mutation-aspirate)


sylffwr

Borrowed from English sulphur, from Anglo-Norman sulfre, from Latin sulfur, from sulpur itself of uncertain origin.


ffin

From Middle Welsh ffin, from Old Welsh fin, from Proto-Brythonic *fin, a borrowing from Latin finis.


plât

platiau (plural)
plât (mutation mutation-radical)
blât (mutation mutation-soft)
mhlât (mutation mutation-nasal)
phlât (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle English plate or directly from Old French plate.


cicio

cy-verb

cicio (first-person singular present ciciaf)

ciciaf (first-person present singular)
ciciaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
cici (future indicative present second-person singular)
cicia (future indicative present singular third-person)
ciciwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
ciciwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
ciciant (future indicative plural present third-person)
cicir (future impersonal indicative present)
ciciwn (conditional first-person singular)
ciciwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cicit (conditional second-person singular)
cicit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ciciai (conditional singular third-person)
ciciai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ciciem (conditional first-person plural)
ciciem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ciciech (conditional plural second-person)
ciciech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
cicient (conditional plural third-person)
cicient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
cicid (conditional impersonal)
cicid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
ciciais (first-person preterite singular)
ciciaist (preterite second-person singular)
ciciodd (preterite singular third-person)
ciciasom (first-person plural preterite)
ciciasoch (plural preterite second-person)
ciciasant (plural preterite third-person)
ciciwyd (impersonal preterite)
ciciaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
ciciasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
ciciasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
ciciasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
ciciasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
ciciasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
ciciasid (impersonal pluperfect)
ciciesid (impersonal pluperfect)
ciciwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ciciech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cicio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ciciom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
cicioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ciciont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
cicier (impersonal present subjunctive)
cicia (imperative second-person singular)
cicied (imperative singular third-person)
ciciwn (first-person imperative plural)
ciciwch (imperative plural second-person)
cicient (imperative plural third-person)
cicier (imperative impersonal)
cicio (noun-from-verb)
ciciedig (participle)
ciciadwy (participle)
cicia i (first-person future singular)
ciciaf i (first-person future singular)
cici di (future second-person singular)
cicith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
ciciff e (future singular third-person)
ciciwn ni (first-person future plural)
ciciwch chi (future plural second-person)
cician nhw (future plural third-person)
ciciwn i (conditional first-person singular)
cicswn i (conditional first-person singular)
ciciet ti (conditional second-person singular)
cicset ti (conditional second-person singular)
ciciai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
cicsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
cicien ni (conditional first-person plural)
cicsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
ciciech chi (conditional plural second-person)
cicsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
cicien nhw (conditional plural third-person)
cicsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ciciais i (first-person preterite singular)
cicies i (first-person preterite singular)
ciciaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
ciciest ti (preterite second-person singular)
ciciodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
cicion ni (first-person plural preterite)
cicioch chi (plural preterite second-person)
cicion nhw (plural preterite third-person)
cicia (imperative second-person singular)
ciciwch (imperative plural second-person)
cicio (mutation mutation-radical)
gicio (mutation mutation-soft)
nghicio (mutation mutation-nasal)
chicio (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From cic (“kick”) (from English kick) + -io.


corwg

corygau (plural)
coryglau (plural)
corwg (mutation mutation-radical)
gorwg (mutation mutation-soft)
nghorwg (mutation mutation-nasal)
chorwg (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *korug, from Proto-Celtic *korukos (“leather boat”) (from which also Irish curach), probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)koro- (“leather”) (compare Latin corium, Russian скора́ (skorá), Sanskrit चर्मन् (carman)).


methan

Borrowed from English methane. By surface analysis, meth- + -an.


swyddog

cy-noun

swyddog m (plural swyddogion, not mutable)


ymenyn

ymenyn (mutation mutation-radical)
hymenyn (mutation prothesis-h)

(formal) Alternative form of menyn (“butter”)


saethyddiaeth

saethyddiaeth f (uncountable, not mutable)

/seɨ̯ˈθəðjaɨ̯θ/

/seɨ̯ˈθəðjɛθ/

/sei̯ˈθəðjɛθ/

archery (practice or sport of shooting arrows with a bow)


gêm

gemau (plural)
gêm (mutation mutation-radical)
ngêm (irregular mutation mutation-nasal)


proffwydes

proffwydesau (plural)
proffwydes (mutation mutation-radical)
broffwydes (mutation mutation-soft)
mhroffwydes (mutation mutation-nasal)
phroffwydes (mutation mutation-aspirate)


proffwyd

proffwydi (plural)
proffwyd (mutation mutation-radical)
broffwyd (mutation mutation-soft)
mhroffwyd (mutation mutation-nasal)
phroffwyd (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *profuïd, borrowed from Late Latin prophēta, from Ancient Greek προφήτης (prophḗtēs, “one who speaks for a god”).


mêl

mêl (mutation mutation-radical)
fêl (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh mel, from Old Welsh mel, from Proto-Brythonic *mel, from Proto-Celtic *meli, from Proto-Indo-European *mélid.


trochi

cy-verb

trochi (first-person singular present trochaf)

trochaf (first-person present singular)
trochaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
trochi (future indicative present second-person singular)
troch (future indicative present singular third-person)
trocha (future indicative present singular third-person)
trochwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
trochwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
trochant (future indicative plural present third-person)
trochir (future impersonal indicative present)
trochwn (conditional first-person singular)
trochwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
trochit (conditional second-person singular)
trochit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
trochai (conditional singular third-person)
trochai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
trochem (conditional first-person plural)
trochem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
trochech (conditional plural second-person)
trochech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
trochent (conditional plural third-person)
trochent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
trochid (conditional impersonal)
trochid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
trochais (first-person preterite singular)
trochaist (preterite second-person singular)
trochodd (preterite singular third-person)
trochasom (first-person plural preterite)
trochasoch (plural preterite second-person)
trochasant (plural preterite third-person)
trochwyd (impersonal preterite)
trochaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
trochasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
trochasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
trochasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
trochasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
trochasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
trochasid (impersonal pluperfect)
trochesid (impersonal pluperfect)
trochwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
trochych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
trocho (present singular subjunctive third-person)
trochom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
trochoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
trochont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
trocher (impersonal present subjunctive)
troch (imperative second-person singular)
trocha (imperative second-person singular)
troched (imperative singular third-person)
trochwn (first-person imperative plural)
trochwch (imperative plural second-person)
trochent (imperative plural third-person)
trocher (imperative impersonal)
trochi (noun-from-verb)
trochedig (participle)
trochadwy (participle)
trocha i (first-person future singular)
trochaf i (first-person future singular)
trochi di (future second-person singular)
trochith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
trochiff e (future singular third-person)
trochwn ni (first-person future plural)
trochwch chi (future plural second-person)
trochan nhw (future plural third-person)
trochwn i (conditional first-person singular)
trochswn i (conditional first-person singular)
trochet ti (conditional second-person singular)
trochset ti (conditional second-person singular)
trochai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
trochsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
trochen ni (conditional first-person plural)
trochsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
trochech chi (conditional plural second-person)
trochsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
trochen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
trochsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
trochais i (first-person preterite singular)
troches i (first-person preterite singular)
trochaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
trochest ti (preterite second-person singular)
trochodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
trochon ni (first-person plural preterite)
trochoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
trochon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
trocha (imperative second-person singular)
trochwch (imperative plural second-person)
trochi (mutation mutation-radical)
drochi (mutation mutation-soft)
nhrochi (mutation mutation-nasal)
throchi (mutation mutation-aspirate)


plantos

plantos (mutation mutation-radical)
blantos (mutation mutation-soft)
mhlantos (mutation mutation-nasal)
phlantos (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(plural only) little children, infants, tots (usually expressing affection, but sometimes derogatory)


bildar

bildars (plural)
bildar (mutation mutation-radical)
fildar (mutation mutation-soft)
mildar (mutation mutation-nasal)


ditio

ditio (first-person singular present ditiaf)

ditiaf (first-person present singular)
ditiaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
diti (future indicative present second-person singular)
ditia (future indicative present singular third-person)
ditiwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
ditiwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
ditiant (future indicative plural present third-person)
ditir (future impersonal indicative present)
ditiwn (conditional first-person singular)
ditiwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ditit (conditional second-person singular)
ditit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ditiai (conditional singular third-person)
ditiai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ditiem (conditional first-person plural)
ditiem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ditiech (conditional plural second-person)
ditiech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ditient (conditional plural third-person)
ditient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ditid (conditional impersonal)
ditid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
ditiais (first-person preterite singular)
ditiaist (preterite second-person singular)
ditiodd (preterite singular third-person)
ditiasom (first-person plural preterite)
ditiasoch (plural preterite second-person)
ditiasant (plural preterite third-person)
ditiwyd (impersonal preterite)
ditiaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
ditiasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
ditiasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
ditiasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
ditiasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
ditiasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
ditiasid (impersonal pluperfect)
ditiesid (impersonal pluperfect)
ditiwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
ditiech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
ditio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ditiom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
ditioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ditiont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ditier (impersonal present subjunctive)
ditia (imperative second-person singular)
ditied (imperative singular third-person)
ditiwn (first-person imperative plural)
ditiwch (imperative plural second-person)
ditient (imperative plural third-person)
ditier (imperative impersonal)
ditio (noun-from-verb)
ditiedig (participle)
ditiadwy (participle)
ditia i (first-person future singular)
ditiaf i (first-person future singular)
diti di (future second-person singular)
ditith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
ditiff e (future singular third-person)
ditiwn ni (first-person future plural)
ditiwch chi (future plural second-person)
ditian nhw (future plural third-person)
ditiwn i (conditional first-person singular)
ditiswn i (conditional first-person singular)
ditiet ti (conditional second-person singular)
ditiset ti (conditional second-person singular)
ditiai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
ditisai fo (conditional singular third-person)
ditien ni (conditional first-person plural)
ditisen ni (conditional first-person plural)
ditiech chi (conditional plural second-person)
ditisech chi (conditional plural second-person)
ditien nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ditisen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ditiais i (first-person preterite singular)
dities i (first-person preterite singular)
ditiaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
ditiest ti (preterite second-person singular)
ditiodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
dition ni (first-person plural preterite)
ditioch chi (plural preterite second-person)
dition nhw (plural preterite third-person)
ditia (imperative second-person singular)
ditiwch (imperative plural second-person)
ditio (mutation mutation-radical)
dditio (mutation mutation-soft)
nitio (mutation mutation-nasal)

Borrowed from Middle English enditen, from Old French enditer.


dynfarch

dynfeirch (plural)
dynfarch (mutation mutation-radical)
ddynfarch (mutation mutation-soft)
nynfarch (mutation mutation-nasal)

From dyn (“man”) + march (“horse, stallion”).


nymff

cy-noun

nymff f (plural nymffod or nimffau or nimffiaid, not mutable)

nymffod (plural)
nimffau (plural)
nimffiaid (plural)

Borrowed from Latin nympha (“nymph, bride”), from Ancient Greek νύμφη (númphē, “bride”).

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) nymph


gwyddoniadur

gwyddoniaduron (plural)
gwyddoniadur (mutation mutation-radical)
wyddoniadur (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwyddoniadur (mutation mutation-nasal)


blith

blithion (plural)
blith (mutation mutation-radical)
flith (mutation mutation-soft)
mlith (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Brythonic *bliθ, a conflation of a noun Proto-Celtic *mlixtus and an adjective *mlixtis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ- (compare English milk, Latin mulgeō (“to milk”)). Cognate with Irish bleacht.


oddf

oddfau (plural)
oddf (mutation mutation-radical)
hoddf (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Celtic *odbos (“knot, bulge”); compare Old Irish odb.

(medicine) excrescence, callus, hard growth or swelling


sachell

sachell f (plural sachellau, not mutable)


sach

From Middle Welsh sach, from Proto-Brythonic *sax, from Latin saccus, from Ancient Greek σάκκος (sákkos, “bag of coarse cloth”), from Semitic.


crec

creciau (plural)
crec (mutation mutation-radical)
grec (mutation mutation-soft)
nghrec (mutation mutation-nasal)
chrec (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English creck, variant form of crack. Doublet of crac.


jac

cy-noun

jac m (plural jaciau or jacs, not mutable)


angyles

angylesau (plural)
angyles (mutation mutation-radical)
hangyles (mutation prothesis-h)


Myfanwy

→ Breton: Mevanwi

→ English: Myfanwy


cadeiriol

cy-adj

cadeiriol (feminine singular cadeiriol, plural cadeiriol, not comparable)

cadeiriol (feminine singular)
cadeiriol (plural)
cadeiriol (mutation mutation-radical)
gadeiriol (mutation mutation-soft)
nghadeiriol (mutation mutation-nasal)
chadeiriol (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(Christianity) cathedral (pertaining to the throne or see of a bishop)


galaeth

galaethau (plural)
galaeth (mutation mutation-radical)
alaeth (mutation mutation-soft)
ngalaeth (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Latin galaxiās, influenced in form by llaeth (“milk”) (compare Milky Way).


comedi

cy-noun

comedi m or f (plural comedïau or comedis)

comedïau (plural)
comedis (plural)
comedi (mutation mutation-radical)
gomedi (mutation mutation-soft)
nghomedi (mutation mutation-nasal)
chomedi (mutation mutation-aspirate)


iwcalili

iwcalilis (plural)
iwcalili (mutation mutation-radical)
hiwcalili (mutation prothesis-h)

Borrowed from English ukulele, from Hawaiian ʻukulele.


pafán

pafanau (plural)
pafán (mutation mutation-radical)
bafán (mutation mutation-soft)
mhafán (mutation mutation-nasal)
phafán (mutation mutation-aspirate)


cydbreswylwyr

cydbreswylwyr (mutation mutation-radical)
gydbreswylwyr (mutation mutation-soft)
nghydbreswylwyr (mutation mutation-nasal)
chydbreswylwyr (mutation mutation-aspirate)

/ˌkɨːdbrɛˈsʊɨ̯lwɨ̞r/

From cyd- (“co-, syn-”) + preswylwyr (“residents, inhabitants”).

affix

Gwelir y gwirodwerthydd yn eu mysg fel un wedi cael ei syfrdanu nes y bydd ei ymenydd wedi myned yn ddifudd iddo; a gellir canfod annghyssondeb neillduol yn mysg yr annedwydd dylwyth — weithiau bydd rhai a’i dyrnau yn gauedig, eraill yn rhincian dannedd, eraill yn ymdrechu i falurio aelodau eu cydbreswylwyr; weithiau byddant yn darnio dillad eu gilydd nes byddont yn groen-noethion; eraill a wariant eu heiddo mewn ynfydrwydd, heb allu rhoddi un rheswm dros eu hymddygiad — parânt i yfed gan sychedig lyngcu, nes y byddont yn analluog i symud, fwy na phe byddent rhwng terfyn dau fyd; a gellir meddwl fod mynyddau arnynt yn eu suddo yn llaid yr heolydd.

1838, William Rowlands (editor), Y Cyfaill o’r Hen Wlad yn America (The Friend from the Old Country in America), volume 1, “Araith y Parch. Thos. Edwards” (“Speech of the Rev. Thos. Edwards”), page 136

The victualler can be seen in their midst like one who has been stupefied until his brain had become useless to him; and an extraordinary inconstancy can be perceived amidst the unhappy tribe — sometimes, some go with clenched fists, others gnash their teeth, others attempt to smash the limbs of their cohabitants; sometimes, they tear apart one another’s clothes until they are bare to the skin; others squander what they own in folly, without being able to give a reason for their behaviour — they continue to drink, swallowing thirstily, until they are incapable of moving, more so than were they between the boundaries of two worlds; and it could be imagined that there are mountains upon them, sinking them in the mire of the streets.

(plural only) cohabitants, fellow residents


modd

moddau (plural)
moddion (plural)
modd (mutation mutation-radical)
fodd (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh moẟ, from Proto-Brythonic *moð, from Latin modus.

(statistics) mode (value occurring most frequently in a distribution)


rabi

cy-noun

rabi m (plural rabiniaid or rabïaid, not mutable)

Borrowed from Latin rabbi, from Ancient Greek ῥαββί (rhabbí), from Hebrew רַבִּי (rabbî).


chwilio

cy-verb

chwilio (first-person singular present chwiliaf, not mutable)

chwiliaf (first-person present singular)
chwiliaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
chwili (future indicative present second-person singular)
chwilia (future indicative present singular third-person)
chwiliwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
chwiliwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
chwiliant (future indicative plural present third-person)
chwilir (future impersonal indicative present)
chwiliwn (conditional first-person singular)
chwiliwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
chwilit (conditional second-person singular)
chwilit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
chwiliai (conditional singular third-person)
chwiliai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
chwiliem (conditional first-person plural)
chwiliem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
chwiliech (conditional plural second-person)
chwiliech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
chwilient (conditional plural third-person)
chwilient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
chwilid (conditional impersonal)
chwilid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
chwiliais (first-person preterite singular)
chwiliaist (preterite second-person singular)
chwiliodd (preterite singular third-person)
chwiliasom (first-person plural preterite)
chwiliasoch (plural preterite second-person)
chwiliasant (plural preterite third-person)
chwiliwyd (impersonal preterite)
chwiliaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
chwiliasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
chwiliasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
chwiliasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
chwiliasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
chwiliasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
chwiliasid (impersonal pluperfect)
chwiliesid (impersonal pluperfect)
chwiliwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
chwiliech (present second-person singular subjunctive)
chwilio (present singular subjunctive third-person)
chwiliom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
chwilioch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
chwiliont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
chwilier (impersonal present subjunctive)
chwilia (imperative second-person singular)
chwilied (imperative singular third-person)
chwiliwn (first-person imperative plural)
chwiliwch (imperative plural second-person)
chwilient (imperative plural third-person)
chwilier (imperative impersonal)
chwilio (noun-from-verb)
chwiliedig (participle)
chwiliadwy (participle)
chwilia i (first-person future singular)
chwiliaf i (first-person future singular)
chwili di (future second-person singular)
chwilith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
chwiliff e (future singular third-person)
chwiliwn ni (first-person future plural)
chwiliwch chi (future plural second-person)
chwilian nhw (future plural third-person)
chwiliwn i (conditional first-person singular)
chwiliswn i (conditional first-person singular)
chwiliet ti (conditional second-person singular)
chwiliset ti (conditional second-person singular)
chwiliai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
chwilisai fo (conditional singular third-person)
chwilien ni (conditional first-person plural)
chwilisen ni (conditional first-person plural)
chwiliech chi (conditional plural second-person)
chwilisech chi (conditional plural second-person)
chwilien nhw (conditional plural third-person)
chwilisen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
chwiliais i (first-person preterite singular)
chwilies i (first-person preterite singular)
chwiliaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
chwiliest ti (preterite second-person singular)
chwiliodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
chwilion ni (first-person plural preterite)
chwilioch chi (plural preterite second-person)
chwilion nhw (plural preterite third-person)
chwilia (imperative second-person singular)
chwiliwch (imperative plural second-person)

chwŷl (“turn, revolution”, with i-mutation) + -io


byns

cy-noun

byns f (collective, singulative bynnen or bynsen)

bynnen (singulative)
bynsen (singulative)
byns (mutation mutation-radical)
fyns (mutation mutation-soft)
myns (mutation mutation-nasal)


diod

diodydd (plural)
diod (mutation mutation-radical)
ddiod (mutation mutation-soft)
niod (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Celtic *dī-āti-s, probably from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suck”). Cognate with Old Irish deug (“drink”); see there for more theories.


menyn

menyn (mutation mutation-radical)
fenyn (mutation mutation-soft)

Apheretic variant of now formal ymenyn, Middle Welsh ymenyn, from Proto-Celtic *amben (compare Cornish aman, Breton amann, Old Irish imb), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃éngʷn̥ (compare Latin unguen (“grease”), Alemannic German Anke).

menyn Mai

unsalted butter kept for medicinal purposes


dilledyn

dilledyn (mutation mutation-radical)
ddilledyn (mutation mutation-soft)
nilledyn (mutation mutation-nasal)

singulative of dillad (“clothing”)
garment, article of clothing


cacwn

cy-noun

cacwn f (collective, singulative cacynen)

cacynen (singulative)
cacwn (mutation mutation-radical)
gacwn (mutation mutation-soft)
nghacwn (mutation mutation-nasal)
chacwn (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Possibly from cach (“excrement”) + cŵn (“dogs”). See cachgi bwm (“bumblebee”) for similar etymological elements.


gwialen

gwialen f (plural gwialenni or gwialennod)

gwialenni (plural)
gwialennod (plural)
gwialen (mutation mutation-radical)
wialen (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwialen (mutation mutation-nasal)


cosyn

cosynnau (plural)
cosyn (mutation mutation-radical)
gosyn (mutation mutation-soft)
nghosyn (mutation mutation-nasal)
chosyn (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Originally a singulative form of caws (“cheese”).

Yn ardal Gamonéu a bwlch Covadonga, uwchlaw'r llynnoedd, cwrddais i â gwraig oedd yn ei hwythdegau bryd hynny, yn byw mewn caban heb ddŵr na thrydan, ffynnon o flaen y drws a thân yn llosgi'n barhaol o dan simnai fawr. Ar y silffoedd o garreg, caws. Cosyn ar ôl cosyn yn aeddfedu yn y mwg.

2021, Cathi McGill, Het Wellt a Welis: Blwyddyn Gron yn Astwrias, Carreg Gwalch, page 30:

In the Gamonéu and Covadonga pass region, above the lakes, I met a woman who was in her eighties at the time, living in a cabin without water or electricity, a well in front of the door and a fire constantly burning under a large chimney. On the stone shelves, cheese. Cheese after cheese maturing in the smoke.


gïau

gïau m (collective, singulative giewyn or gewyn)

giewyn (singulative)
gewyn (singulative)
gïau (mutation mutation-radical)
ïau (mutation mutation-soft)
ngïau (mutation mutation-nasal)

From *gjoi, plural of Proto-Brythonic *gjọ.


ysgol breswyl

ysgol breswyl f (plural ysgolion preswyl)

ysgolion preswyl (plural)
ysgol breswyl (mutation mutation-radical)
hysgol breswyl (mutation prothesis-h)


preswyl

preswylion (plural)
preswyl (mutation mutation-radical)
breswyl (mutation mutation-soft)
mhreswyl (mutation mutation-nasal)
phreswyl (mutation mutation-aspirate)


ponc

ponciau (plural)
poncydd (plural)
ponc (mutation mutation-radical)
bonc (mutation mutation-soft)
mhonc (mutation mutation-nasal)
phonc (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from West Midlands English bonk, a dialectal variant of bank.


Aur

Aur (mutation mutation-radical)
Haur (mutation prothesis-h)


costus

cy-adj

costus (feminine singular costus, plural costus, equative mor gostus, comparative mwy costus, superlative mwyaf costus)

costus (feminine singular)
costus (plural)
mor gostus (equative)
mwy costus (comparative)
mwyaf costus (superlative)
costus (mutation mutation-radical)
gostus (mutation mutation-soft)
nghostus (mutation mutation-nasal)
chostus (mutation mutation-aspirate)


ystafell

ystafelloedd (plural)
ystafell (mutation mutation-radical)
hystafell (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh ystauell, from Proto-Brythonic *ɨstavell, from Vulgar Latin *(i)stabellum, from Latin stabulum (“dwelling; stable”); cognate with English stable (“building for horses”).


gro

gröyn (singulative)
gro (mutation mutation-radical)
ro (mutation mutation-soft)
ngro (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Brythonic *grọw, from Proto-Celtic *grāwā.


gwyddbwyll

gwyddbwyll (mutation mutation-radical)
wyddbwyll (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwyddbwyll (mutation mutation-nasal)

/ˈɡwɨ̞ðbʊɨ̯ɬ/

/ˈɡʊi̯ðbʊi̯ɬ/

/ˈɡwɪðbʊi̯ɬ/

From Proto-Brythonic *gwɨðbuɨll, from Proto-Celtic *widukʷēslā (literally “wood intelligence”). By surface analysis, gwŷdd (“trees, wood”) + pwyll (“consideration, reason”). Compare Cornish gwydhbol, Breton gwezboell and also Irish ficheall, Scottish Gaelic fidhcheall, Manx feeal.


brenhines

breninesau (plural)
brenhines (mutation mutation-radical)
frenhines (mutation mutation-soft)
mrenhines (mutation mutation-nasal)


Ariannin

yr Ariannin (canonical feminine)
Ariannin (mutation mutation-radical)
Hariannin (mutation prothesis-h)

From arian (“silver”) + -in, a calque of Spanish Argentina.

a female given name transferred from the place name


cala goeg

caliau coeg (plural)
cala goeg (mutation mutation-radical)
gala goeg (mutation mutation-soft)
nghala goeg (mutation mutation-nasal)
chala goeg (mutation mutation-aspirate)


gwern

head

gwern f pl (singulative gwernen, plural gwerni or gwernydd or gwernau or gwernenni or gwernennau)

gwernen (singulative)
gwerni (plural)
gwernydd (plural)
gwernau (plural)
gwernenni (plural)
gwernennau (plural)
gwern (mutation mutation-radical)
wern (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwern (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Brythonic *gwern, from Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Old Irish fern). Cognate with Old Armenian գերան (geran) and Albanian verr (“alder”).


ugain

From Old Welsh uceint, from Proto-Brythonic *ʉgėnt, from Proto-Celtic *wikantī, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wih₁ḱm̥t, from *dwi(h₁)dḱm̥ti (“two-ten”).
Compare Latin vīgintī; also Cornish ugens, Breton ugent, Old Irish fiche.


palfais

palfeisiau (plural)
palfais (mutation mutation-radical)
balfais (mutation mutation-soft)
mhalfais (mutation mutation-nasal)
phalfais (mutation mutation-aspirate)


ysgwydd

ysgwyddau (plural)
ysgwydd (mutation mutation-radical)
hysgwydd (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Brythonic *skuɨð, from Proto-Celtic *skeidā.


lledieithog

cy-adj

lledieithog (feminine singular lledieithog, plural lledieithog, not comparable)

lledieithog (feminine singular)
lledieithog (plural)
lledieithog (mutation mutation-radical)
ledieithog (mutation mutation-soft)

/ɬɛdˈjei̯θɔɡ/


lledr

lledrau (plural)
lledr (mutation mutation-radical)
ledr (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh lledyr, from Proto-Brythonic *lledr, from Proto-Celtic *letrom (compare Middle Irish lethar), from Proto-Indo-European *létrom (compare Old English leþer, Old Norse leðr).


jocer

joceriaid (plural)
jocer (mutation mutation-radical)


poeni

cy-verb

poeni (first-person singular present poenaf)

poenaf (first-person present singular)
poenaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
poeni (future indicative present second-person singular)
poena (future indicative present singular third-person)
poenwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
poenwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
poenant (future indicative plural present third-person)
poenir (future impersonal indicative present)
poenwn (conditional first-person singular)
poenwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
poenit (conditional second-person singular)
poenit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
poenai (conditional singular third-person)
poenai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
poenem (conditional first-person plural)
poenem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
poenech (conditional plural second-person)
poenech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
poenent (conditional plural third-person)
poenent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
poenid (conditional impersonal)
poenid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
poenais (first-person preterite singular)
poenaist (preterite second-person singular)
poenodd (preterite singular third-person)
poenasom (first-person plural preterite)
poenasoch (plural preterite second-person)
poenasant (plural preterite third-person)
poenwyd (impersonal preterite)
poenaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
poenasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
poenasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
poenasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
poenasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
poenasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
poenasid (impersonal pluperfect)
poenesid (impersonal pluperfect)
poenwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
poenych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
poeno (present singular subjunctive third-person)
poenom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
poenoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
poenont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
poener (impersonal present subjunctive)
poena (imperative second-person singular)
poened (imperative singular third-person)
poenwn (first-person imperative plural)
poenwch (imperative plural second-person)
poenent (imperative plural third-person)
poener (imperative impersonal)
poeni (noun-from-verb)
poenedig (participle)
poenadwy (participle)
poena i (first-person future singular)
poenaf i (first-person future singular)
poeni di (future second-person singular)
poenith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
poeniff e (future singular third-person)
poenwn ni (first-person future plural)
poenwch chi (future plural second-person)
poenan nhw (future plural third-person)
poenwn i (conditional first-person singular)
poenswn i (conditional first-person singular)
poenet ti (conditional second-person singular)
poenset ti (conditional second-person singular)
poenai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
poensai fo (conditional singular third-person)
poenen ni (conditional first-person plural)
poensen ni (conditional first-person plural)
poenech chi (conditional plural second-person)
poensech chi (conditional plural second-person)
poenen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
poensen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
poenais i (first-person preterite singular)
poenes i (first-person preterite singular)
poenaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
poenest ti (preterite second-person singular)
poenodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
poenon ni (first-person plural preterite)
poenoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
poenon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
poena (imperative second-person singular)
poenwch (imperative plural second-person)
poeni (mutation mutation-radical)
boeni (mutation mutation-soft)
mhoeni (mutation mutation-nasal)
phoeni (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh poeni. By surface analysis, poen + -i. Alternatively, the Middle Welsh could be borrowed directly from Latin poeniō.


Huw

English: Huw


gwaedlyn

gwaedlyn (mutation mutation-radical)
waedlyn (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwaedlyn (mutation mutation-nasal)

gwaed (“blood”) + llyn (“fluid, humour”)


gwaedogen

gwaedogennau (plural)
gwaedogen (mutation mutation-radical)
waedogen (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwaedogen (mutation mutation-nasal)

From gwaedog (“bloody”), from gwaed (“blood”).


gwaedlif

cy-noun

gwaedlif m (plural gwaedlifau or gwaedlifoedd)

gwaedlifau (plural)
gwaedlifoedd (plural)
gwaedlif (mutation mutation-radical)
waedlif (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwaedlif (mutation mutation-nasal)


gwreiddyn

gwreiddiau (plural)
gwreiddyn (mutation mutation-radical)
wreiddyn (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwreiddyn (mutation mutation-nasal)

(figurative) source, origin, foundation, basis

(mathematics) root, a number which, raised to a specified power, yields a previously specified number or expression

(linguistics) root, a word from which another word or words are derived.

(linguistic morphology) root, primary lexical unit of a word.

source, origin, foundation, basis
root, primary lexical unit of a word.

(music) root, the foundational tone of a chord

source, origin, foundation, basis
root, the foundational tone of a chord


gwddwg

gyddygau (plural)
gwddwg (mutation mutation-radical)
wddwg (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwddwg (mutation mutation-nasal)


clust

clustiau (plural)
clust (mutation mutation-radical)
glust (mutation mutation-soft)
nghlust (mutation mutation-nasal)
chlust (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *klʉst, from Proto-Celtic *kloustā, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew-.


gwddw

gyddfau (plural)
gwddw (mutation mutation-radical)
wddw (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwddw (mutation mutation-nasal)


niwl

From Middle Welsh nywl. Cognate with Irish néal; a Celtic loanword either from Vulgar Latin *nībulus, a modification of Latin nūbilus (“cloudy”), or from Proto-Germanic *nebulaz (“cloud, mist”). See also nifwl (“nebula”).

Niwl o'r mynydd, gwres ar gynnydd / Daw niwl o'r môr â glaw yn stôr.

Mist from the mountain, heat is increasing; / Mist comes from the sea with rain in store.

Niwl y gaea, arwydd eira; / Niwl y gwanwyn, gwaeth na gwenwyn.

Winter mist, sign of snow / Spring mist, worse than poison.


gwddf

gyddfau (plural)
gwddf (mutation mutation-radical)
wddf (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwddf (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Celtic *wodwos (“spoils”), whence also Old Irish fodb (“spoils”), from the practice of counting captives as "so many necks". *wudwos may be related to Proto-Celtic *wodwo- (“cutting”) (whence Old Irish fodb in the sense of "division"), with semantic shift "cutting" > "weapon" > "weapon-spoils" > "spoils" (though these shifts are not straightforward). If so, then the root ultimately goes back to Proto-Indo-European *wedʰH- (“strike”), whence gwasgu (“to press”), Lithuanian vedegà (“a kind of axe”), Sanskrit वध् (vadh, “to strike, slay”), Tocharian A wac (“struggle”).
The variant gwddwg is cognate with Old Breton guodoc (Middle Breton gouzouc, Breton gouzoug, goûg), but it is difficult to explain the alternation between -wg, -w, and -f. The oldest form of the word cited in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru is the Middle Welsh plural form gedueu (13th century; = modern gyddfau), while the soft mutation forms wðwc, wddf, and wddw are all attested in the 14th century, indicating that the alternation is very old.

(South Wales)


mwnwgl

mynyglau (plural)
mwnwgl (mutation mutation-radical)
fwnwgl (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh mwnwgyl, from Proto-Brythonic *munugl, alteration of Proto-Celtic *moniklos, cognate with Old Irish muinél, derived from Proto-Celtic *monis (from which Old Irish muin (“neck, nape”) and Welsh mŵn (“neck”)), from Proto-Indo-European *mon-i- (“neck”). Related to Sanskrit मन्या (mányā-, “neck”), Latin monīle (“necklace”), and English mane. Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to stand out”).


troad

troadau (plural)
troad (mutation mutation-radical)
droad (mutation mutation-soft)
nhroad (mutation mutation-nasal)
throad (mutation mutation-aspirate)

change, alteration, conversion, transformation


elfen

elfennau (plural)
elfen (mutation mutation-radical)
helfen (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Brythonic *elβ̃en (whence also Cornish elven, Breton elfenn), borrowed from Latin elementum.


clipfwrdd

clipfyrddau (plural)
clipfwrdd (mutation mutation-radical)
glipfwrdd (mutation mutation-soft)
nghlipfwrdd (mutation mutation-nasal)
chlipfwrdd (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From clip + bwrdd, a calque of English clipboard.


Dewi

Dewi (mutation mutation-radical)
Ddewi (mutation mutation-soft)
Newi (mutation mutation-nasal)

An older variant of Dafydd. Cognate with English David.

Dewi Sant yw nawddsant Cymru.

Saint David is the patron saint of Wales.

a male given name from Old Welsh, equivalent to English David


bêr

berau (plural)
beri (plural)
bêr (mutation mutation-radical)
fêr (mutation mutation-soft)
mêr (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh ber, from Proto-Brythonic *ber, from Proto-Celtic *beru (“spit”).

(typography) double dagger, diesis, double obelus (‡)


microdon

microdonnau (plural)
microdon (mutation mutation-radical)
ficrodon (mutation mutation-soft)


ansoddair

ansoddeiriau (plural)
ansoddair (mutation mutation-radical)
hansoddair (mutation prothesis-h)

From ansawdd (“quality, attribute, characteristic”) + gair (“word”).


arddodiad

arddodiaid (plural)
arddodiad (mutation mutation-radical)
harddodiad (mutation prothesis-h)

From arddodi (“to lay on, impose”) + -iad.

(religion) laying on of hands, imposition of hands


coleg

colegau (plural)
coleg (mutation mutation-radical)
goleg (mutation mutation-soft)
ngholeg (mutation mutation-nasal)
choleg (mutation mutation-aspirate)


perllan

perllannau (plural)
perllan (mutation mutation-radical)
berllan (mutation mutation-soft)
mherllan (mutation mutation-nasal)
pherllan (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From pêr (“pears; sweet fruit; pear trees; sweet-fruit trees”) + llan (“enclosure, yard”).


ieithyddiaeth

cy-noun

ieithyddiaeth f (plural ieithyddiaethau)

ieithyddiaethau (plural)
ieithyddiaeth (mutation mutation-radical)
hieithyddiaeth (mutation prothesis-h)

/jei̯ˈθəðjaɨ̯θ/

/jei̯ˈθəðjɛθ/

/jei̯ˈθəðjɛθ/

From ieithydd (“linguist, grammarian, philologist”) + -iaeth.


brig y nos

brigau'r nos (plural)
brig y nos (mutation mutation-radical)
frig y nos (mutation mutation-soft)
mrig y nos (mutation mutation-nasal)


cyfnos

cyfnosau (plural)
cyfnos (mutation mutation-radical)
gyfnos (mutation mutation-soft)
nghyfnos (mutation mutation-nasal)
chyfnos (mutation mutation-aspirate)

evening, dusk, gloaming, nightfall, twilight


paith

peithiau (plural)
paith (mutation mutation-radical)
baith (mutation mutation-soft)
mhaith (mutation mutation-nasal)
phaith (mutation mutation-aspirate)

According to the GPC, a corruption from earlier diffaith (“derelict, desolate”), itself a borrowing from Latin defectus (“emptiness, absence”). The evolution of the initial consonant remains unclear; perhaps from f to p through an intermediary b. Compare the second element of gobaith (“trust, hope”).


gweld

cy-verb

gweld (first-person singular present gwelaf)

gwelaf (first-person present singular)
gwelaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
gweli (future indicative present second-person singular)
gwêl (future indicative present singular third-person)
gwŷl (future indicative present singular third-person)
gwelwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
gwelwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
gwelant (future indicative plural present third-person)
gwelir (future impersonal indicative present)
gwelwn (conditional first-person singular)
gwelwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
gwelit (conditional second-person singular)
gwelit (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
gwelai (conditional singular third-person)
gwelai (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
gwelem (conditional first-person plural)
gwelem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
gwelech (conditional plural second-person)
gwelech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
gwelent (conditional plural third-person)
gwelent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
gwelid (conditional impersonal)
gwelid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
gwelais (first-person preterite singular)
gwelaist (preterite second-person singular)
gwelodd (preterite singular third-person)
gwelsom (first-person plural preterite)
gwelsoch (plural preterite second-person)
gwelsant (plural preterite third-person)
gwelwyd (impersonal preterite)
gwelswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
gwelsit (pluperfect second-person singular)
gwelsai (pluperfect singular third-person)
gwelsem (first-person pluperfect plural)
gwelsech (pluperfect plural second-person)
gwelsent (pluperfect plural third-person)
gwelsid (impersonal pluperfect)
gwelwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
gwelych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
gwelo (present singular subjunctive third-person)
gwelom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
gweloch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
gwelont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
gweler (impersonal present subjunctive)
gwêl (imperative second-person singular)
gweled (imperative singular third-person)
wele (imperative singular third-person)
gwelwn (first-person imperative plural)
gwelwch (imperative plural second-person)
gwelent (imperative plural third-person)
gweler (imperative impersonal)
gweld (noun-from-verb)
gweled (noun-from-verb)
gweledig (participle)
gweladwy (participle)
gwela i (first-person future singular)
gwelaf i (first-person future singular)
gweli di (future second-person singular)
gwelith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
gweliff e (future singular third-person)
gwelwn ni (first-person future plural)
gwelwch chi (future plural second-person)
gwelan nhw (future plural third-person)
gwelwn i (conditional first-person singular)
gwelswn i (conditional first-person singular)
gwelet ti (conditional second-person singular)
gwelset ti (conditional second-person singular)
gwelai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
gwelsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
gwelen ni (conditional first-person plural)
gwelsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
gwelech chi (conditional plural second-person)
gwelsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
gwelen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
gwelsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
gwelais i (first-person preterite singular)
gweles i (first-person preterite singular)
gwelaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
gwelest ti (preterite second-person singular)
gwelodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
gwelon ni (first-person plural preterite)
gweloch chi (plural preterite second-person)
gwelon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
gwela (imperative second-person singular)
gwelwch (imperative plural second-person)
gweld (mutation mutation-radical)
weld (mutation mutation-soft)
ngweld (mutation mutation-nasal)

Syncopated form of older gweled, from Middle Welsh gwelet, from Proto-Brythonic *gwelɨd, from Proto-Celtic *weleti, from Proto-Indo-European *wel-.
See also Cornish gweles, Breton gwelet; also Latin voltus (“facial expression”), Old English wuldor (“glory”), Tocharian B yel- (“to examine”), Old English wlītan (“to look, gaze”).

gwyn y gwêl y frân ei chyw

a parent does not see the faults of his or her own child


dannoedd

dannoedd (mutation mutation-radical)
ddannoedd (mutation mutation-soft)
nannoedd (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Celtic *dantay-, from *dant (“tooth”) (modern dant).


rhaeadr

rhaeadrau (plural)
rhëydr (plural)
rhaeadr (mutation mutation-radical)
raeadr (mutation mutation-soft)

From Old Welsh reatir, from Proto-Celtic *reyatrom (compare Old Irish ríathor), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to flow”). More at rhewyn.


enfys

cy-noun

enfys m or f (plural enfysoedd or enfysau)

enfysoedd (plural)
enfysau (plural)
enfys (mutation mutation-radical)
henfys (mutation prothesis-h)

Perhaps from en- (affirmative prefix) + bys (“finger”).


eirlithrad

eirlithradau (plural)
eirlithrad (mutation mutation-radical)
heirlithrad (mutation prothesis-h)

From eira (“snow”) + llithrad (“a sliding, a slipping”).


afallen

afallennau (plural)
afallen (mutation mutation-radical)
hafallen (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Brythonic *aβaln, from Proto-Celtic *abalnā.


pen-lin

pen-liniau (plural)
pen-lin (mutation mutation-radical)
ben-lin (mutation mutation-soft)
mhen-lin (mutation mutation-nasal)
phen-lin (mutation mutation-aspirate)


stafell

cy-noun

stafell f (plural stafelloedd, not mutable)


tymor

tymhorau (plural)
tymor (mutation mutation-radical)
dymor (mutation mutation-soft)
nhymor (mutation mutation-nasal)
thymor (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh tymhor, from Latin tempus, tempor- (“time”).

term (period of time, period of an academic year)


pryd

From Middle Welsh pryd, from Proto-Brythonic *prɨd. Cognate with Breton pred and Cornish prys.


costrel

costrel f (plural costrelau or costreli)

costrelau (plural)
costreli (plural)
costrel (mutation mutation-radical)
gostrel (mutation mutation-soft)
nghostrel (mutation mutation-nasal)
chostrel (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Inherited from Middle Welsh costrel, from Middle English costrel, costrelle, from Old French costerel, modification of costeret.

costrelydd

one who carries wine or water in bottles; bottle-maker or seller


Rhodri

Rhodri (mutation mutation-radical)
Rodri (mutation mutation-soft)


clais

cleisau (plural)
cleisiau (plural)
clais (mutation mutation-radical)
glais (mutation mutation-soft)
nghlais (mutation mutation-nasal)
chlais (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(botany) One of several flowering plants, including:

Devil’s bit scabious
Devil’s bit scabious


caban

cabanau (plural)
caban (mutation mutation-radical)
gaban (mutation mutation-soft)
nghaban (mutation mutation-nasal)
chaban (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle English caban, cabane, from Old French cabane, from Late Latin cabanna.


coron

coronau (plural)
coron (mutation mutation-radical)
goron (mutation mutation-soft)
nghoron (mutation mutation-nasal)
choron (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from Middle English corone, from Old French corone, from Latin corōna.

(metonymically) the crown (sovereign power of a monarch)

(historical) crown (predecimalization British coin worth five shillings)


symbal

symbal m or f (plural cymbalau, not mutable)


rhi

rhiau (plural)
rhi (mutation mutation-radical)
ri (mutation mutation-soft)

The name of the Latin-script letter Rh/rh.


pechu

cy-verb

pechu (first-person singular present pechaf)

pechaf (first-person present singular)
pechaf (first-person future indicative present singular)
pechi (future indicative present second-person singular)
pech (future indicative present singular third-person)
pecha (future indicative present singular third-person)
pechwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
pechwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
pechant (future indicative plural present third-person)
pechir (future impersonal indicative present)
pechwn (conditional first-person singular)
pechwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
pechit (conditional second-person singular)
pechit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
pechai (conditional singular third-person)
pechai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
pechem (conditional first-person plural)
pechem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
pechech (conditional plural second-person)
pechech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
pechent (conditional plural third-person)
pechent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
pechid (conditional impersonal)
pechid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
pechais (first-person preterite singular)
pechaist (preterite second-person singular)
pechodd (preterite singular third-person)
pechasom (first-person plural preterite)
pechasoch (plural preterite second-person)
pechasant (plural preterite third-person)
pechwyd (impersonal preterite)
pechaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
pechasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
pechasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
pechasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
pechasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
pechasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
pechasid (impersonal pluperfect)
pechesid (impersonal pluperfect)
pechwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
pechych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
pecho (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pechom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
pechoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pechont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pecher (impersonal present subjunctive)
pech (imperative second-person singular)
pecha (imperative second-person singular)
peched (imperative singular third-person)
pechwn (first-person imperative plural)
pechwch (imperative plural second-person)
pechent (imperative plural third-person)
pecher (imperative impersonal)
pechu (noun-from-verb)
pechedig (participle)
pechadwy (participle)
pecha i (first-person future singular)
pechaf i (first-person future singular)
pechi di (future second-person singular)
pechith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
pechiff e (future singular third-person)
pechwn ni (first-person future plural)
pechwch chi (future plural second-person)
pechan nhw (future plural third-person)
pechwn i (conditional first-person singular)
pechswn i (conditional first-person singular)
pechet ti (conditional second-person singular)
pechset ti (conditional second-person singular)
pechai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
pechsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
pechen ni (conditional first-person plural)
pechsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
pechech chi (conditional plural second-person)
pechsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
pechen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
pechsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
pechais i (first-person preterite singular)
peches i (first-person preterite singular)
pechaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
pechest ti (preterite second-person singular)
pechodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
pechon ni (first-person plural preterite)
pechoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
pechon nhw (plural preterite third-person)
pecha (imperative second-person singular)
pechwch (imperative plural second-person)
pechu (mutation mutation-radical)
bechu (mutation mutation-soft)
mhechu (mutation mutation-nasal)
phechu (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh pechu, from Proto-Brythonic *pexad, from Latin peccō (“I offend, sin”).


abwyd

cy-noun

abwyd m (collective, singulative abwydyn)

abwydyn (singulative)
abwyd (mutation mutation-radical)
habwyd (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Brythonic *abuɨd, equivalent to a- + bwyd (“food”).


ffon

From Middle Welsh ffonn, from Proto-Brythonic *fonn, from Proto-Celtic *sɸondos (compare Breton houn, Irish sonn (“cudgel, beam”), from Proto-Indo-European *sph₂en- (compare Latin sponda (“bedstead”), English spoon, Ancient Greek σφήν (sphḗn, “wedge”)).


gwystl

gwystlon (plural)
gwystl (mutation mutation-radical)
wystl (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwystl (mutation mutation-nasal)

[ˈɡwɨ̞stl̩ˠ]

From Middle Welsh gwystyl, from Proto-Brythonic *guɨstl, from Proto-Celtic *geistlos, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeys-tlo-, from *gʰeydʰ-.


metachwiliadur

metachwiliadur m (plural metachwiliaduron)

metachwiliaduron (plural)
metachwiliadur (mutation mutation-radical)
fetachwiliadur (mutation mutation-soft)


chwiliadur

chwiliadur m (plural chwiliaduron, not mutable)


henadur

henadur m or f by sense (plural henaduriaid, not mutable)

From hen (“old”) + -adur. Calque of Latin senātor.


llofiadur

llofiaduron (plural)
llofiadur (mutation mutation-radical)
lofiadur (mutation mutation-soft)


microgyfrifiadur

microgyfrifiadur m (plural microgyfrifiaduron)

microgyfrifiaduron (plural)
microgyfrifiadur (mutation mutation-radical)
ficrogyfrifiadur (mutation mutation-soft)


metaboblogaeth

metaboblogaeth f (plural metaboblogaethau)

metaboblogaethau (plural)
metaboblogaeth (mutation mutation-radical)
fetaboblogaeth (mutation mutation-soft)


minigyfrifiadur

minigyfrifiadur m (plural minigyfrifiaduron)

minigyfrifiaduron (plural)
minigyfrifiadur (mutation mutation-radical)
finigyfrifiadur (mutation mutation-soft)


gwniadur

gwniadur m or f (plural gwniaduron or gwniaduriau)

gwniaduron (plural)
gwniaduriau (plural)
gwniadur (mutation mutation-radical)
wniadur (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwniadur (mutation mutation-nasal)


eiliadur

eiliaduron (plural)
eiliadur (mutation mutation-radical)
heiliadur (mutation prothesis-h)


pladur

pladuriau (plural)
pladur (mutation mutation-radical)
bladur (mutation mutation-soft)
mhladur (mutation mutation-nasal)
phladur (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From older paladur, from palu (“to dig”) + -adur (agent suffix).


teipyddes

teipyddesau (plural)
teipyddes (mutation mutation-radical)
deipyddes (mutation mutation-soft)
nheipyddes (mutation mutation-nasal)
theipyddes (mutation mutation-aspirate)


teipydd

teipyddion (plural)
teipydd (mutation mutation-radical)
deipydd (mutation mutation-soft)
nheipydd (mutation mutation-nasal)
theipydd (mutation mutation-aspirate)


cachadur

cachaduriaid (plural)
cachadur (mutation mutation-radical)
gachadur (mutation mutation-soft)
nghachadur (mutation mutation-nasal)
chachadur (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From cachu (“to defecate”) + -adur (agent suffix).

affix

coward, cowardly wretch, recreant, rapscallion, knave


emyn

emynau (plural)
emyn (mutation mutation-radical)
hemyn (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh emynn, from Old English ymen, from Latin hymnus.


ffoadur

cy-noun

ffoadur m (plural ffoaduriaid, not mutable)


rheolydd calon

rheolydd calon m (plural rheolwyr calon or rheolyddion calon)

rheolwyr calon (plural)
rheolyddion calon (plural)
rheolydd calon (mutation mutation-radical)
reolydd calon (mutation mutation-soft)


pen-blwydd

pen-blwyddi (plural)
pen-blwydd (mutation mutation-radical)
ben-blwydd (mutation mutation-soft)
mhen-blwydd (mutation mutation-nasal)
phen-blwydd (mutation mutation-aspirate)

/ˌpɛmˈbluːɨ̯ð/


pechadur

pechaduriaid (plural)
pechadur (mutation mutation-radical)
bechadur (mutation mutation-soft)
mhechadur (mutation mutation-nasal)
phechadur (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh pechadur, from Proto-Brythonic *pexadʉr, from Latin peccātor. By surface analysis, pechu (“to sin, offend”) + -adur.


cofiadur

cy-noun

cofiadur m (plural cofiaduron or cofiaduriaid or cofiadurau)

cofiaduron (plural)
cofiaduriaid (plural)
cofiadurau (plural)

one who keeps records, registrar, secretary, clerk


blwydd

blwyddi (plural)
blwydd (mutation mutation-radical)
flwydd (mutation mutation-soft)
mlwydd (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh blwyð, from Proto-Brythonic *bluɨð, from Proto-Celtic *bleidū (“year”), related to *bleidanī (the source of blwyddyn and Old Irish blíadain), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleyd- (“pale”), though the semantic connection is weak. See also Lithuanian blaĩvas (“whitish, blue, sober”), Proto-West Germanic *blait, Albanian blehurë.
Celtic cognates include Cornish bloodh, Breton bloaz; Old Breton blened, Welsh blynedd.

cog

Mae e'n flwydd

Bydd hi'n wyth mlwydd oed yfory.


gwrthban

gwrthbanau (plural)
gwrthban (mutation mutation-radical)
wrthban (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwrthban (mutation mutation-nasal)


planced

plancedi (plural)
planced (mutation mutation-radical)
blanced (mutation mutation-soft)
mhlanced (mutation mutation-nasal)
phlanced (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Variant of blanced, borrowed from English blanket.


cylched

cylchedau (plural)
cylched (mutation mutation-radical)
gylched (mutation mutation-soft)
nghylched (mutation mutation-nasal)
chylched (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From cylch (“circle, ring; compass, scope, range; circumference”) + -ed.

affix

a going around, an encompassing; compass, ambit, circuit, circumference


caib

ceibiau (plural)
caib (mutation mutation-radical)
gaib (mutation mutation-soft)
nghaib (mutation mutation-nasal)
chaib (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Closely resembles Scottish Gaelic caibe (“mattock”), but deriving the -b- in both Gaelic and Welsh from a common inherited source is difficult. Given that the Gaelic word is not found in Irish, it is possible to postulate that the Gaelic word is a borrowing from a Brittonic substrate language.


adain

cy-noun

adain f (plural adenydd or adanedd or adeinydd or adeinedd or adeiniau or edenydd or edyn)

adenydd (plural)
adanedd (plural)
adeinydd (plural)
adeinedd (plural)
adeiniau (plural)
edenydd (plural)
edyn (plural)
adain (mutation mutation-radical)
hadain (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Celtic *ɸatanī (compare Old Irish ette (“feather”)), from *ɸetnos (“bird”). More at adar, edn.


halid

Borrowed from English halide, serendipitously analysable as hâl (“salt”) + -id.


gwyddoniaeth

gwyddoniaethau (plural)
gwyddoniaeth (mutation mutation-radical)
wyddoniaeth (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwyddoniaeth (mutation mutation-nasal)

/ɡwɨ̞ˈðɔnjaɨ̯θ/

/ɡwɨ̞ˈðɔnjɛθ/

/ɡwɪˈðɔnjai̯θ/

/ɡwɪˈðɔnjɛθ/


brenhiniaeth

breniniaethau (plural)
brenhiniaeth (mutation mutation-radical)
frenhiniaeth (mutation mutation-soft)
mrenhiniaeth (mutation mutation-nasal)

From brenin (“king, monarch, sovereign”) + -iaeth.


eirin

cy-noun

eirin f (collective, singulative eirinen)

eirinen (singulative)
eirin (mutation mutation-radical)
heirin (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh eirin, from Proto-Brythonic *ėɣrin, from Proto-Celtic *agrinyā, plural of *agrinyom (compare Cornish yryn, Breton irin, Irish airne (“sloe”)), from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₂ógeh₂ (“berry”) (compare Tocharian B oko (“fruit”), Old Church Slavonic агода (agoda, “berry”)).

cog

stones, glands (of the scrotum), testicles


chwys

From Middle Welsh chuis, from Proto-Brythonic *hwɨs, from Proto-Celtic *swissos, from Proto-Indo-European *sweyd-.


cerddoriaeth

cerddoriaeth (mutation mutation-radical)
gerddoriaeth (mutation mutation-soft)
ngherddoriaeth (mutation mutation-nasal)
cherddoriaeth (mutation mutation-aspirate)

/kɛrˈðɔrjaɨ̯θ/

/kɛrˈðɔrjɛθ/

/kɛrˈðɔrjɛθ/


cefn

cy-noun

cefn m (plural cefnau or cefnoedd or cefnydd)

cefnau (plural)
cefnoedd (plural)
cefnydd (plural)
cefn (mutation mutation-radical)
gefn (mutation mutation-soft)
nghefn (mutation mutation-nasal)
chefn (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh keuen. Related to Breton kein (“back”), Cornish keyn (“back”), Gaulish Cebenna (“ridge, height”) (whence French Cévennes).

ar gefn

in addition to, as a consequence of, with regard to; at the expense of; on top, upon, up to

cefn lloer

full moon; crescent of the moon, half moon

cefnog

backed, having a back; strong, stout brave

yng nghefn

behind one's back, underhand; following, pursuing

(anatomy) back, rear
(figuratively) back, support

(agriculture) ridge (ploughed land between two parallel furrows)

(geology) vertical furrow, fissure or fault in a rock

(biblical) furlong (unit of length equivalent to a stadion)


amobr

amobrau (plural)
amobr (mutation mutation-radical)
hamobr (mutation prothesis-h)

(historical, law) a maiden-fee, paid to a lord on the marriage of a maiden in his manor.


ceiniog

ceiniogau (plural)
ceiniog (mutation mutation-radical)
geiniog (mutation mutation-soft)
ngheiniog (mutation mutation-nasal)
cheiniog (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh kenyawc, keinhauc (“penny”). Perhaps ultimately related to cant (“circle, rim, hoop”).


pennaeth

cy-noun

pennaeth m or f by sense (plural penaethiaid or penaethaid or penaethau or penaethion)

penaethiaid (plural)
penaethaid (plural)
penaethau (plural)
penaethion (plural)
pennaeth (mutation mutation-radical)
bennaeth (mutation mutation-soft)
mhennaeth (mutation mutation-nasal)
phennaeth (mutation mutation-aspirate)


erw

erwau (plural)
erw (mutation mutation-radical)
herw (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Celtic *arwī (compare Breton erv, Cornish erow), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-wo- (“plowable”) (compare Old Irish arbor, Latin arvum).

(obsolete) medieval Welsh unit of surface area equal to 11664 sq. ft. or about ¹⁄₄ acre


taeog

tŷ (“house, home”) + -og (“-er; belonging to”)

suffix

labourer, farmer, husbandman, peasant, common man


taeog

cy-adj

taeog (feminine singular taeog, plural taeog, equative mor daeog, comparative mwy taeog, superlative mwyaf taeog)

taeog (feminine singular)
taeog (plural)
mor daeog (equative)
mwy taeog (comparative)
mwyaf taeog (superlative)
taeog (mutation mutation-radical)
daeog (mutation mutation-soft)
nhaeog (mutation mutation-nasal)
thaeog (mutation mutation-aspirate)

churlish, boorish, blunt, sullen, surly, rustic, servile, fawning, cringing


pencenedl

pennau cenedl (plural)
pencenedl (mutation mutation-radical)
bencenedl (mutation mutation-soft)
mhencenedl (mutation mutation-nasal)
phencenedl (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Old Welsh penkenedel. By surface analysis, pen (“head”) + cenedl (“kindred”).


caeth

cy-adj

caeth (feminine singular caeth, plural caethion, equative caethed, comparative caethach, superlative caethaf)

caeth (feminine singular)
caethion (plural)
caethed (equative)
caethach (comparative)
caethaf (superlative)

From Old Welsh kaeth, kaet, cahet, cayt (“slave”), from Proto-Brythonic *kaɨθ, from Proto-Celtic *kaxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ptós.


starn

cy-noun

starn f or m (plural starnau, not mutable)

starnau (plural)
starn (mutation mutation-radical)


sgwâr

sgwâr m or f (plural sgwariau, not mutable)


pedrongl

[ˈpʰɛdrɔŋl̩]

pedr- (“quadri-”) + ongl (“angle, corner”)


pedrongl

pedrongl (mutation mutation-radical)
bedrongl (mutation mutation-soft)
mhedrongl (mutation mutation-nasal)
phedrongl (mutation mutation-aspirate)

[ˈpʰɛdrɔŋl̩]


briduw

briduw (mutation mutation-radical)
friduw (mutation mutation-soft)
mriduw (mutation mutation-nasal)

(law) a solemn oath in which God is taken as a witness


arddelw

cy-noun

arddelw m or f by sense (plural arddelwon)

arddelwon (plural)
arddelw (mutation mutation-radical)
harddelw (mutation prothesis-h)

(law) a vouchee involved in a legal defense


camlwrw

camlwrw m (plural camlyriau or camlyrau)

camlyriau (plural)
camlyrau (plural)
camlwrw (mutation mutation-radical)
gamlwrw (mutation mutation-soft)
nghamlwrw (mutation mutation-nasal)
chamlwrw (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(law, historical) a fine of three cows paid to a king for various offenses