bag

bagiau (plural)
bag (mutation mutation-radical)
fag (mutation mutation-soft)
mag (mutation mutation-nasal)


piano

pianoau (plural)
pianos (plural)
piano (mutation mutation-radical)
biano (mutation mutation-soft)
mhiano (mutation mutation-nasal)
phiano (mutation mutation-aspirate)


banjo

banjos (plural)
banjoau (plural)
banjo (mutation mutation-radical)
fanjo (mutation mutation-soft)
manjo (mutation mutation-nasal)


ser

cy-noun

ser m (plural serrod or serroedd, not mutable)

From Old Welsh serr, Proto-Celtic *serrā. Cf. Middle Irish serr.


bom

bomiau (plural)
bom (mutation mutation-radical)
fom (mutation mutation-soft)
mom (mutation mutation-nasal)


arf

arfau (plural)
arf (mutation mutation-radical)
harf (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh arf, from Proto-Brythonic *arβ̃, borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin arma.


mẁg

mygau (plural)
mygiau (plural)
mẁg (mutation mutation-radical)
fẁg (mutation mutation-soft)


tun

tuniau (plural)
tunnau (plural)
tun (mutation mutation-radical)
dun (mutation mutation-soft)
nhun (mutation mutation-nasal)
thun (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From English tin, from Middle English tin, from Old English tin, from Proto-West Germanic *tin, from Proto-Germanic *tiną.


crwth

crythau (plural)
crwth (mutation mutation-radical)
grwth (mutation mutation-soft)
nghrwth (mutation mutation-nasal)
chrwth (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh crwth, from Proto-Brythonic *kruθ, from Proto-Celtic *kruttos (“round thing”), perhaps related to Latvian krūtis (“breast, bust”), from Proto-Indo-European *krū̆t; but it could instead be loaned from a non-Indo-European substrate. Possibly related to Proto-Celtic *krundis (“round”). Compare Old Irish crott (“harp, lute”).


pensil

pensil m (plural pensiliau or pensilau or pensilion)

pensiliau (plural)
pensilau (plural)
pensilion (plural)
pensil (mutation mutation-radical)
bensil (mutation mutation-soft)
mhensil (mutation mutation-nasal)
phensil (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English pencil, from Anglo-Norman and Old French pincil (see the variant pincel, which gave rise to Modern French pinceau (“paintbrush”)), from Latin pēnicillum, diminutive of pēniculus (“brush”), itself a diminutive of pēnis (“tail; penis”).


pelen

pelennau (plural)
pelenni (plural)
pelen (mutation mutation-radical)
belen (mutation mutation-soft)
mhelen (mutation mutation-nasal)
phelen (mutation mutation-aspirate)


cryman

crymanau (plural)
cryman (mutation mutation-radical)
gryman (mutation mutation-soft)
nghryman (mutation mutation-nasal)
chryman (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From crwm (“convex; crooked, bent, curved, bowed, hooked”) + -an (diminutive suffix).


cyllell

cy-noun

cyllell f (plural cyllyll or cylleill or cyllaill)

cyllyll (plural)
cylleill (plural)
cyllaill (plural)
cyllell (mutation mutation-radical)
gyllell (mutation mutation-soft)
nghyllell (mutation mutation-nasal)
chyllell (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh kyllell from Proto-Brythonic *kullell (compare Cornish kollell, Breton kontell), from Latin cultellus.


einion

einionau (plural)
einion (mutation mutation-radical)
heinion (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh einiawn, from Old Welsh ennian. Compare Old Irish indéin (Irish inneoin).


batog

batogau (plural)
batog (mutation mutation-radical)
fatog (mutation mutation-soft)
matog (mutation mutation-nasal)

From English mattock with change of initial consonant.


megin

meginau (plural)
megin (mutation mutation-radical)
fegin (mutation mutation-soft)

Possibly from Proto-Celtic *makīnā, from the root *mak- (“leather bag”).


tanc

tanciau (plural)
tanc (mutation mutation-radical)
danc (mutation mutation-soft)
nhanc (mutation mutation-nasal)
thanc (mutation mutation-aspirate)


gwaled

gwaledau (plural)
gwaledi (plural)
gwaled (mutation mutation-radical)
waled (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwaled (mutation mutation-nasal)


telyn

telynau (plural)
telyn (mutation mutation-radical)
delyn (mutation mutation-soft)
nhelyn (mutation mutation-nasal)
thelyn (mutation mutation-aspirate)


soddgrwth

soddgrwth m (plural soddgrythau, not mutable)


basgrwth

basgrythau (plural)
basgrwth (mutation mutation-radical)
fasgrwth (mutation mutation-soft)
masgrwth (mutation mutation-nasal)


bas dwbl

basau dwbl (plural)
bas dwbl (mutation mutation-radical)
fas dwbl (mutation mutation-soft)
mas dwbl (mutation mutation-nasal)


llwy

llwyau (plural)
llwy (mutation mutation-radical)
lwy (mutation mutation-soft)

From Proto-Brythonic *lluɨɣ, from Proto-Celtic *leigā. Cognate with Cornish lo, Breton loa (Vannes dialect loé, lui).


templed

templedi (plural)
templed (mutation mutation-radical)
dempled (mutation mutation-soft)
nhempled (mutation mutation-nasal)
thempled (mutation mutation-aspirate)


fforch

fforch f (plural ffyrch or fforchau, not mutable)

From Proto-Brythonic *forx, borrowed from Latin furca. Doublet of fforc.


fforc

From English fork, from Middle English forke, from Old English forca, from Proto-West Germanic *furkō, from Latin furca. Doublet of fforch.


triongl

trionglau (plural)
triongl (mutation mutation-radical)
driongl (mutation mutation-soft)
nhriongl (mutation mutation-nasal)
thriongl (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From tri (“three”) + ongl (“angle, corner”).


potel

poteli (plural)
potel (mutation mutation-radical)
botel (mutation mutation-soft)
mhotel (mutation mutation-nasal)
photel (mutation mutation-aspirate)


cwdyn

cydynnau (plural)
cwdyn (mutation mutation-radical)
gwdyn (mutation mutation-soft)
nghwdyn (mutation mutation-nasal)
chwdyn (mutation mutation-aspirate)


gwydr

gwydrau (plural)
gwydr (mutation mutation-radical)
wydr (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwydr (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh gwydyr, from Proto-Brythonic *gwɨdr, from Latin vitrum.


plât

platiau (plural)
plât (mutation mutation-radical)
blât (mutation mutation-soft)
mhlât (mutation mutation-nasal)
phlât (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle English plate or directly from Old French plate.


saethyddiaeth

saethyddiaeth f (uncountable, not mutable)

/seɨ̯ˈθəðjaɨ̯θ/

/seɨ̯ˈθəðjɛθ/

/sei̯ˈθəðjɛθ/

archery (practice or sport of shooting arrows with a bow)


sachell

sachell f (plural sachellau, not mutable)


sach

From Middle Welsh sach, from Proto-Brythonic *sax, from Latin saccus, from Ancient Greek σάκκος (sákkos, “bag of coarse cloth”), from Semitic.


iwcalili

iwcalilis (plural)
iwcalili (mutation mutation-radical)
hiwcalili (mutation prothesis-h)

Borrowed from English ukulele, from Hawaiian ʻukulele.


costrel

cy-noun

costrel f (plural costrelau or costreli)

costrelau (plural)
costreli (plural)
costrel (mutation mutation-radical)
gostrel (mutation mutation-soft)
nghostrel (mutation mutation-nasal)
chostrel (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Inherited from Middle Welsh costrel, from Middle English costrel, costrelle, from Old French costerel, modification of costeret.

costrelydd

one who carries wine or water in bottles; bottle-maker or seller


symbal

symbal m or f (plural cymbalau, not mutable)


pladur

pladuriau (plural)
pladur (mutation mutation-radical)
bladur (mutation mutation-soft)
mhladur (mutation mutation-nasal)
phladur (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From older paladur, from palu (“to dig”) + -adur (agent suffix).


caib

ceibiau (plural)
caib (mutation mutation-radical)
gaib (mutation mutation-soft)
nghaib (mutation mutation-nasal)
chaib (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Closely resembles Scottish Gaelic caibe (“mattock”), but deriving the -b- in both Gaelic and Welsh from a common inherited source is difficult. Given that the Gaelic word is not found in Irish, it is possible to postulate that the Gaelic word is a borrowing from a Brittonic substrate language.


gordd

gyrdd (plural)
gordd (mutation mutation-radical)
ordd (mutation mutation-soft)
ngordd (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh orð (with g added in nonleniting environments), from Proto-Brythonic *orð (whence also Old Breton ord, modern Breton horzh (“sledgehammer”), and the demonym Ordo-vices), from Proto-Celtic *ordos (whence also Old Irish ord). Connections outside Celtic are uncertain, but it may be related to Old Armenian ուռն (uṙn, “hammer”).


bwced

bwcedi (plural)
bwced (mutation mutation-radical)
fwced (mutation mutation-soft)
mwced (mutation mutation-nasal)


pâl

Borrowed from Latin pala; compare Breton pal, Cornish pal.


cwd

cwd m (plural cydau, diminutive cwdyn or cydyn)

cydau (plural)
cwdyn (diminutive)
cydyn (diminutive)
cwd (mutation mutation-radical)
gwd (mutation mutation-soft)
nghwd (mutation mutation-nasal)
chwd (mutation mutation-aspirate)

If not borrowed from Latin cutis (“skin”), cwd is the sole surviving Celtic reflex (via Proto-Brythonic *kud, from Proto-Celtic *kutis) of Proto-Indo-European *kuH-ti-, which is composed of the root *kew(H)- (zero-grade without s-mobile form of *(s)kewH- (“to cover”)) + *-tis (a deverbal abstract noun suffix). In addition to Latin cutis, cognate with Lithuanian kutỹs (“purse”), Old English hȳd (modern English hide (noun)).

suf

zero-grade without s-mobile form of <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">*(s)kewH-</i> (“to cover”)

(anatomy) scrotum, cod; any bag-like cavity or organ in body, sac


nabl

cy-noun

nabl m or f (plural nablau, not mutable)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek νάβλα (nábla), from Biblical Hebrew נֵ֤בֶל (nēḇel).

(biblical, historical, music) a nabla, a psaltery


nodwydd

nodwydd f (plural nodwyddau, not mutable)

From Proto-Celtic *snātantā (compare Breton nodoez, Old Irish snáthat), from Proto-Indo-European *sneh₁- (“to spin, twist”).


cerwyn

cerwynau (plural)
cerwyni (plural)
cerwyn (mutation mutation-radical)
gerwyn (mutation mutation-soft)
ngherwyn (mutation mutation-nasal)
cherwyn (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh kerwyn, from Proto-Brythonic *keruɨn, borrowed from Vulgar Latin *cerēna, from Latin carīna (“keel”).


rhwyd

rhwydi (plural)
rhwydau (plural)
rhwyd (mutation mutation-radical)
rwyd (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh rwyt, from Proto-Brythonic *rruɨd, from Latin rēte.

net (mesh; device made of mesh for catching fish, birds, etc.)


llestr

llestri (plural)
llestr (mutation mutation-radical)
lestr (mutation mutation-soft)

From Proto-Brythonic *llestr, from Proto-Celtic *lestrom (“pot”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to gather”) + *-trom. Compare Irish leastar (“cup, vessel, tub”), Breton lestr (“vessel, vase, ship”).

a person as embodiment or carrier of qualities


coden

codennau (plural)
coden (mutation mutation-radical)
goden (mutation mutation-soft)
nghoden (mutation mutation-nasal)
choden (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From cod (“bag, pouch, sack, poke”) + -en (diminutive ending).


rhaw

rhawiau (plural)
rhofiau (plural)
rhaw (mutation mutation-radical)
raw (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh raw, from Proto-Brythonic *rrọβ̃ (compare Cornish rêv, Middle Breton reuf), from Proto-Celtic *rāmyos (“oar”) (compare Old Irish rámae), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁- (“to row”).


saeth

From Middle Welsh saeth, from Proto-Brythonic *saɣeθ, a borrowing from Latin sagitta. Cognate with Cornish seth, Breton saezh, Irish saighead.


dysgl

dysglau (plural)
dysgl (mutation mutation-radical)
ddysgl (mutation mutation-soft)
nysgl (mutation mutation-nasal)

Inherited from Middle Welsh dyskyl, from Latin disculus, diminutive of discus.


cleddyf

cleddyfau (plural)
cleddyf (mutation mutation-radical)
gleddyf (mutation mutation-soft)
nghleddyf (mutation mutation-nasal)
chleddyf (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh cledyf, from Proto-Brythonic *klėðɨβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *kladiwos (compare Old Irish claideb, Breton klezeñv).


cŷn

cynion (plural)
cŷn (mutation mutation-radical)
gŷn (mutation mutation-soft)
nghŷn (mutation mutation-nasal)
chŷn (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh kyn, from Proto-Brythonic *kün, from Latin cuneus (“wedge”).


banjô

banjôs (plural)
banjoau (plural)
banjô (mutation mutation-radical)
fanjô (mutation mutation-soft)
manjô (mutation mutation-nasal)


taradr

terydr (plural)
taradr (mutation mutation-radical)
daradr (mutation mutation-soft)
nharadr (mutation mutation-nasal)
tharadr (mutation mutation-aspirate)


bwa

bwâu (plural)
bwa (mutation mutation-radical)
fwa (mutation mutation-soft)
mwa (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh bwa, from Middle English bowe, from Old English boga.


rhwyf

rhwyfau (plural)
rhwyf (mutation mutation-radical)
rwyf (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh rwyf, from Proto-Brythonic *rruɨβ̃, from Latin rēmus.


tegell

tegelli (plural)
tegellau (plural)
tegell (mutation mutation-radical)
degell (mutation mutation-soft)
nhegell (mutation mutation-nasal)
thegell (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English teakettle (possibly reanalysed as te (“tea”) + cell (“cell”)).


gefail

Cognates include Cornish gelforn (“forge”), Breton govel (“forge”).


gefail

gefeiliau (plural)
gefail (mutation mutation-radical)
efail (mutation mutation-soft)
ngefail (mutation mutation-nasal)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


mỳg

mygau (plural)
mygiau (plural)
mỳg (mutation mutation-radical)
fỳg (mutation mutation-soft)


microsgop

microsgopau (plural)
microsgop (mutation mutation-radical)
ficrosgop (mutation mutation-soft)


tân gwyllt

tân gwyllt (mutation mutation-radical)
dân gwyllt (mutation mutation-soft)
nhân gwyllt (mutation mutation-nasal)
thân gwyllt (mutation mutation-aspirate)

/ˌtaːn ˈɡwɨːɬd/

[ˌtʰaːŋ ˈɡwɨːɬt]

[ˌtʰaːŋ ˈɡwɪɬt]

From tân (“fire”) + gwyllt (“wild”), "wild fire".


hoel

cy-noun

hoel f (plural hoelion or hoelon, not mutable)


morthwyl

morthwylion (plural)
morthwyl (mutation mutation-radical)
forthwyl (mutation mutation-soft)

From Middle Welsh morthwl, from Proto-Brythonic *morθul (compare Breton morzhol), from Vulgar Latin *mortulus, a British Latin variant of Latin martulus (compare martellus).


breuan

breuanau (plural)
breuan (mutation mutation-radical)
freuan (mutation mutation-soft)
mreuan (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh breuan, from Proto-Celtic *brāwū, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷreh₂w-on-.


gwayw

gwewyr (plural)
gweywyr (plural)
gwayw (mutation mutation-radical)
wayw (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwayw (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Celtic *uɸogaisos, a prefixed derivative of *gaisos (“spear”); compare Old Irish gae (modern Irish ga).


magnel

magnelau (plural)
magnel (mutation mutation-radical)
fagnel (mutation mutation-soft)


bwyell

bwyeill (plural)
bwyelli (plural)
bwyell (mutation mutation-radical)
fwyell (mutation mutation-soft)
mwyell (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Old Welsh bahell, from Proto-Celtic *biyatlis, from the root of *binati (“to strike”). Cognate with Breton bouc'hal, Irish biail, Old Irish biáil.


ffliwt

ffliwt f (plural ffliwtiau, not mutable)

Mae hi'n canu'r ffliwt.


gweillen fwyta

gweill bwyta (plural)
gweillen fwyta (mutation mutation-radical)
weillen fwyta (mutation mutation-soft)
ngweillen fwyta (mutation mutation-nasal)

Compound of gwaell (“needle”) + -en (“diminutive ending”) and bwyta (“eating”).

af

Does dim modd codi cwstard â gweill bwyta.

There's no way to pick up custard with chopsticks.


basŵn

baswnau (plural)
basynau (plural)
basŵn (mutation mutation-radical)
fasŵn (mutation mutation-soft)
masŵn (mutation mutation-nasal)

From English bassoon, from French basson, from Italian bassone.


twca

twceiod (plural)
twca (mutation mutation-radical)
dwca (mutation mutation-soft)
nhwca (mutation mutation-nasal)
thwca (mutation mutation-aspirate)


siswrn

cy-noun

siswrn m (plural sisyrnau or siswrnau or siswrns, not mutable)

sisyrnau (plural)
siswrnau (plural)
siswrns (plural)

From Middle English sisours, from Old French cisoires. The -n is of unclear origin; perhaps the word is from a dialect of Middle English in which the plural suffix -en predominated over -s. At any rate, its use in this Welsh word is paralleled by other loanwords like masarn (“maple”) (from Old French masre), miswrn (“visor”), and pinsiwrn (“pincers”).

(pair of) scissors (tool used for cutting)


offeryn cerdd

offeryn cerdd m (plural offerynnau cerdd)

offerynnau cerdd (plural)
offeryn cerdd (mutation mutation-radical)
hofferyn cerdd (mutation prothesis-h)

/ɔˌfɛrɨ̞n ˈkɛrð/

/ɔˌfɛrɨ̞ŋ ˈkɛrð/

/ɔˌfɛrɪn ˈkɛrð/

/ɔˌfeːrɪŋ ˈkɛrð/

/ɔˌfɛrɪŋ ˈkɛrð/


ffidil

ffidil f (plural ffidils or ffidilau, not mutable)


offeryn

offerynnau (plural)
offeryn (mutation mutation-radical)
hofferyn (mutation prothesis-h)


trombôn

trombonau (plural)
trombôn (mutation mutation-radical)
drombôn (mutation mutation-soft)
nhrombôn (mutation mutation-nasal)
thrombôn (mutation mutation-aspirate)


pren mesur

prennau mesur (plural)
pren mesur (mutation mutation-radical)
bren mesur (mutation mutation-soft)
mhren mesur (mutation mutation-nasal)
phren mesur (mutation mutation-aspirate)


sosban

sosban f or m (plural sosbannau or sosbenni or sosbyn or sosbyns, not mutable)

sosbannau (plural)
sosbenni (plural)
sosbyn (plural)
sosbyns (plural)


padell ffrio

padell ffrio f (plural padellau ffrio or padelli ffrio or pedyll ffrio)

padellau ffrio (plural)
padelli ffrio (plural)
pedyll ffrio (plural)
padell ffrio (mutation mutation-radical)
badell ffrio (mutation mutation-soft)
mhadell ffrio (mutation mutation-nasal)
phadell ffrio (mutation mutation-aspirate)


onglydd

onglyddion (plural)
onglydd (mutation mutation-radical)
honglydd (mutation prothesis-h)

protractor (circular or semicircular tool for measuring angles)


gaing

geingiau (plural)
geingion (plural)
gaing (mutation mutation-radical)
aing (mutation mutation-soft)
ngaing (mutation mutation-nasal)


silindr mesur

silindr mesur m (plural silindrau mesur, not mutable)


llosgydd Bunsen

llosgydd Bunsen m (plural llosgyddion Bunsen)

llosgyddion Bunsen (plural)
llosgydd Bunsen (mutation mutation-radical)
losgydd Bunsen (mutation mutation-soft)

/ˌɬɔsɡɨ̞ð ˈbənsən/

[ˌɬɔskɨ̞ð ˈbənsən]

/ˌɬɔsɡɪð ˈbənsən/

[ˌɬɔskɪð ˈbənsən]


gwyntyll

/ˈɡwɨ̞ntɨ̞ɬ/

Derivative of gwynt (“wind”) with the same suffix found in ffrewyll (“whip”); compare Cornish gwynsell (“fan; winnowing fan”), Breton gwentell (“winnowing fan”).


tyndro

tyndroeon (plural)
tyndro (mutation mutation-radical)
dyndro (mutation mutation-soft)
nhyndro (mutation mutation-nasal)
thyndro (mutation mutation-aspirate)


trensiwr

trensiwr m (plural trensiwrau or trensiyrnau)

trensiwrau (plural)
trensiyrnau (plural)
trensiwr (mutation mutation-radical)
drensiwr (mutation mutation-soft)
nhrensiwr (mutation mutation-nasal)
thrensiwr (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from Middle English trenchour, from Anglo-Norman trenchour.


cludwely

cludwelyau (plural)
cludwely (mutation mutation-radical)
gludwely (mutation mutation-soft)
nghludwely (mutation mutation-nasal)
chludwely (mutation mutation-aspirate)

stretcher, litter (platform for carrying a person)


cawell

cawell m (plural cewyll or cawellau or cawelli)

cewyll (plural)
cawellau (plural)
cawelli (plural)
cawell (mutation mutation-radical)
gawell (mutation mutation-soft)
nghawell (mutation mutation-nasal)
chawell (mutation mutation-aspirate)


fflasg

fflasg f (plural fflasgiau, not mutable)


ysgudell

Inherited from Proto-Brythonic *skudell, a borrowing from Latin scutella. Doublet of sgytl, a borrowing of English scuttle.


rholbren

rholbren m (plural rholbrenni or rholbrennau)

rholbrenni (plural)
rholbrennau (plural)
rholbren (mutation mutation-radical)
rolbren (mutation mutation-soft)


cynlluniwr siwrnai

cynlluniwr siwrnai m (plural cynllunwyr siwrnai)


bach clo

bachau cloeon (plural)
bach clo (mutation mutation-radical)
fach clo (mutation mutation-soft)
mach clo (mutation mutation-nasal)


cleddyf cam

cleddyfau cam (plural)
cleddyf cam (mutation mutation-radical)
gleddyf cam (mutation mutation-soft)
nghleddyf cam (mutation mutation-nasal)
chleddyf cam (mutation mutation-aspirate)


chwibanogl

chwibanogl f (plural chwibanoglau or chwibenygl, not mutable)

chwibanoglau (plural)
chwibenygl (plural)

From chwibanog (“whistling”) + -l (“instrument suffix”).


gwlw

gylfau (plural)
gylfon (plural)
gwlw (mutation mutation-radical)
wlw (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwlw (mutation mutation-nasal)


bom amser

bomiau amser (plural)
bom amser (mutation mutation-radical)
fom amser (mutation mutation-soft)
mom amser (mutation mutation-nasal)


bollt

bolltau (plural)
bolltiau (plural)
bollt (mutation mutation-radical)
follt (mutation mutation-soft)
mollt (mutation mutation-nasal)


llinellydd

llinellyddion (plural)
llinellydd (mutation mutation-radical)
linellydd (mutation mutation-soft)