Estonia

Estonia (a country in northeastern Europe, on the southeastern coast of the Baltic Sea)


Sweden

Sweden (a country in Scandinavia in Northern Europe)


Algeria

From English Algeria, from French Algérie, ultimately from Arabic اَلْجَزَائِر (al-jazāʔir).

der

اَلْجَزَائِر


Andorra

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France)


Albania

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


Armenia

Armenia (a country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Angola

From English Angola, from Portuguese Angola, from Kimbundu ngola.


Bahrain

Bahrain (an archipelago, island, and country in Western Asia, in the Persian Gulf)


Botswana

From English Botswana, from Tswana Botswana.


Indonesia

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein (a microstate in Central Europe)


Mongolia

(chiefly historical) Mongolia (a Mongolian-speaking geographic region in East Asia, including the country of Mongolia (Outer Mongolia), the autonomous region of Inner Mongolia in China, and sometimes also Buryatia, Tuva and the Altai Republic in Russia)


Malta

Malta (an archipelago and country in Southern Europe, in the Mediterranean Sea)


Maldives

Unadapted borrowing from English Maldives.

ubor

the Maldives (an archipelago and country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India)


San Marino

San Marino (the capital city of San Marino)


Syria

Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Benin

From English Benin, from Portuguese Benim, from Itsekiri Ubinu, from Yoruba ile ibinu.

Benin (a country in West Africa, formerly Dahomey)


Croatia

Croatia
Groatia (soft)
Nghroatia
Chroatia

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Tirana

Tirana (a municipality, the capital and largest city of Albania, located in the center of the country west of the mountain of Dajti on the plain of Tirana; it is the seat of its eponymous county and municipality)


Corinth

Corinth
Gorinth (soft)
Nghorinth
Chorinth

Corinthiaid

the Biblical Epistles to the Corinthians


Bosnia

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English

Bosnia (a geographic region of Bosnia and Herzegovina, consisting of the northern three fourths of the country)

Bosnia (a country in southeast Europe; in full, Bosnia and Herzegovina)


Serbia

Serbia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Montenegro

Montenegro (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Almaen

From Old French Alemaigne, from Latin Alemannia.

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Lloegr

→ English: Logres

From Middle Welsh Lloegyr; further etymology unknown, with various disparate theories. See an in-depth analysis at this page at The Old North. TON claims Matasović (2009) presents the most plausible simple hypothesis, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *lāikor (“warriors”), from *lāikos (“warrior”) (compare Old Irish láech, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂- (“war”), and cognate with Hittite 𒆷𒄴𒄩𒀸 (la-aḫ-ḫa-aš /laḫḫaš/, “campaign”), Ancient Greek λᾱός (lāós, “army, folk”).

cog

England (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


Sbaen

Ultimately from Latin Hispania; current form likely influenced by English Spain.

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Corea

From English Korea, Corea, from Dutch Core. Ultimately from Korean 고려(高麗) (Goryeo).

Korea (two countries of East Asia, North Korea and South Korea; the peninsula containing these two countries)


Iwerddon

Iwerddon
Hiwerddon (prothesis-h)
Y Werddon (alternative)

From Proto-Brythonic *Iwerðon, from Proto-Celtic *Φīweryū (compare Cornish Iwerdhon, Breton Iwerzhon, Old Irish Ériu, Middle Welsh Iwerð (“Irish Sea”)), from Proto-Indo-European *piHweryon-, from *piHwer- (“fat”) (compare Ancient Greek πίειρα (píeira, “fertile”), Sanskrit पीवर (pī́vara, “fat, plump, robust”)). Doublet of Iwerydd (“Atlantic”).

Ireland (an island and country in northwestern Europe)


Gwlad yr Iâ

Gwlad yr Iâ
Wlad yr Iâ (soft)
Ngwlad yr Iâ

Calque of English Iceland, itself a calque of Old Norse Ísland.

North Atlantic Ocean
North Atlantic Ocean#English

Iceland (an island and country in the North Atlantic Ocean in Europe)


Norwy

Ultimately from Old Norse Norvegr (literally “north way”), Norðvegr, from norðr (“north”) + vegr (“way”). Probably influenced by English Norway.

der

Norway (a country in Scandinavia in Northern Europe)


Gwlad Belg

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Llydaw

From Old Welsh Litau, from Proto-Brythonic *llɨdaw, from Proto-Celtic *ɸlitawī (“continent, country”), related to *ɸlitanos (“broad”) (whence llydan). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬡𐬍 (pər^əθβī) and Sanskrit पृथ्वी (pṛthvī).
The semantic shift is “continent” → “mainland Europe” → “areas in mainland Europe where Britons live” → “Brittany”.

cog

Avestan 𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬡𐬍 (pər^əθβī)

Mae Llydaw yn Ffrainc.

Brittany (a cultural region, historical province, and peninsula in northwest France)


Denmarc

If not strictly borrowed from Danish Danmark, then certainly influenced or reinforced by, or borrowed alone from English Denmark.


Libanus

Borrowed from Latin Libanus, from Ancient Greek Λίβανος (Líbanos), from a Semitic source.

Gweriniaeth Libanus
Gweriniaeth Libanus#Welsh

Lebanon (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; official name: Gweriniaeth Libanus)


Ariannin

yr Ariannin (canonical feminine)
Ariannin
Hariannin (prothesis-h)

From arian (“silver”) + -in, a calque of Spanish Argentina.

a female given name transferred from the place name


Aifft

yr Aifft (canonical feminine)
yr Aipht (alternative obsolete)

From Middle Welsh yr Eifft, from Proto-Brythonic *ėɣɨft, borrowed from Latin Aegyptus, from Ancient Greek Αἴγυπτος (Aíguptos), from Egyptian ḥwt-kꜣ-ptḥ (literally “The temple of the ka of Ptah”).

der

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Caeredin

Caeredin
Gaeredin (soft)
Nghaeredin
Chaeredin

Edinburgh (the capital city of Scotland)


Wcráin

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Lloegr Newydd

/ˌɬɔɨ̯ɡr ˈnɛu̯ɨ̞ð/

[ˌɬˠɔɨ̯ɡr̩ ˈnɛu̯ɨ̞ð]

/ˌɬɔɨ̯ɡər ˈnɛu̯ɨ̞ð/

/ˌɬɔi̯ɡr ˈnɛu̯ɨ̞ð/

[ˌɬɔi̯ɡr̩ ˈnɛu̯ɨ̞ð]

/ˌɬɔi̯ɡɛr ˈnɛu̯ɨ̞ð/

New England (a geographic region of the northeastern United States, consisting of Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont)


Twrci

Southeastern Europe
Southeastern Europe#English

Turkey (a country located in Eastern Thrace in Southeastern Europe and Anatolia in western Asia)


Swistir

Partial calque of English Switzerland, from tir (“land, country”) and English Swiss.

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Bwrwndi

Bwrwndi
Fwrwndi (soft)
Mwrwndi
Burundi (alternative)

From English Burundi, from Rwanda-Rundi Urundi.


Tsieina

Tsieina
Jeina (soft)
Tseina (alternative)


Gwlad Groeg

Gwlad Groeg
Wlad Groeg (soft)
Ngwlad Groeg

/ˌɡwlaːd ˈɡroːɨ̯ɡ/

/ˌɡwlaːd ˈɡrɔi̯ɡ/


Iseldiroedd

/ˌɪsɛlˈdɪrɔɨ̯ð/

/əˌrɪsɛlˈdɪrɔɨ̯ð/

/ˌɪsɛlˈdɪrɔi̯ð/

/əˌrɪsɛlˈdɪrɔi̯ð/

Pluralisation of iseldir (“lowland”); thus a calque of English Netherlands.

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

constituent countries
constituent country

Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)


Lithwania

Lithuania (a country in northeastern Europe)


Gwlad Tai

Gwlad Tai
Wlad Tai (soft)
Ngwlad Tai
Gwlad Thai (alternative)
Gwlad y Thai (alternative)
Gwlad y Tai (alternative)

Teyrnas Gwlad Tai
Teyrnas Gwlad Tai#Welsh

Thailand (a country in Southeast Asia; official name: Teyrnas Gwlad Tai)


Siapan

alternative form of Japan: Japan (a country and archipelago of East Asia)


Rhufain

From Middle Welsh Ruvein, from Proto-Brythonic *rrʉβ̃ėn, from Vulgar Latin Rōmănia, from Latin Rōmānia (“Roman Empire”), from Ancient Greek Ῥωμᾱνίᾱ (Rhōmāníā).

(historical) Rome, Ancient Rome (an ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa; in full, Roman Empire)


Cwlen

Cwlen
Gwlen (soft)
Nghwlen
Chwlen
Cwlên (alternative)

Borrowed from Middle English Coloyne or Early Modern English Cullen, from Old French Cologne, Coloigne, from Latin Colōnia (Agrippīna). Compare Middle Welsh Cwlwyn, from an earlier Middle English form.

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

Cologne (the largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia, in northwestern Germany)


Almaenaidd

cy-adj

Almaenaidd (feminine singular Almaenaidd, plural Almaenaidd, not comparable)

Almaenaidd (feminine singular)
Almaenaidd (plural)


Bwrcina Ffaso

Bwrcina Ffaso
Fwrcina Ffaso (soft)
Mwrcina Ffaso
Burkina Faso (alternative)

From English Burkina Faso, from Moore burkĩna + Dyula faso.

Burkina Faso (a country in West Africa, formerly Upper Volta)


Tsiecia

y Weriniaeth Tsiec
Gweriniaeth Tsiec#Welsh

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe; official name: y Weriniaeth Tsiec; capital and largest city: Prag)


Bosnia a Hertsegofina

Bosnia and Herzegovina (a country in Europe)


Periwaidd

Periwaidd (feminine singular Periwaidd, plural Periwaidd, not comparable)

Periwaidd (feminine singular)
Periwaidd (plural)


Pwylaidd

Pwylaidd (feminine singular Pwylaidd, plural Pwylaidd, not comparable)

Pwylaidd (feminine singular)
Pwylaidd (plural)


Ffrancaidd

Ffrancaidd (feminine singular Ffrancaidd, plural Ffrancaidd, not comparable, not mutable)

Ffrancaidd (feminine singular)
Ffrancaidd (plural)


Gwlad yr Iorddonen

Gwlad yr Iorddonen
Wlad yr Iorddonen (soft)
Ngwlad yr Iorddonen

Jordan (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Sawdi Arabia

Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Dwyrain Timor

East Timor (a country in Southeast Asia occupying half the island of Timor)


Almaenig

Almaenig (feminine singular Almaenig, plural Almaenig, not comparable)

Almaenig (feminine singular)
Almaenig (plural)


Iorddonen

Jordan (a river in Western Asia, in the Middle East, that empties into the Dead Sea, flowing through Israel, the Golan Heights, the West Bank and Jordan)


Emiradau Arabaidd Unedig

yr Emiradau Arabaidd Unedig (canonical plural)
Emiradau Arabaidd Unedig
Hemiradau Arabaidd Unedig (prothesis-h)

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English:_Q878

the United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Llethaw

Literary formation by analogy with German Litauen.

synonym of Lithwania (“Lithuania (a country in northeastern Europe)”)


Manawaidd

Manawaidd (feminine singular Manawaidd, plural Manawaidd, not comparable)

Manawaidd (feminine singular)
Manawaidd (plural)
Manawaidd
Fanawaidd (soft)


Aegeaidd

Aegeaidd (feminine singular Aegeaidd, plural Aegeaidd, equative mor Aegeaidd, comparative mwy Aegeaidd, superlative mwyaf Aegeaidd)

Aegeaidd (feminine singular)
Aegeaidd (plural)
mor Aegeaidd (equative)
mwy Aegeaidd (comparative)
mwyaf Aegeaidd (superlative)
Aegeaidd
Haegeaidd (prothesis-h)
Egeaidd (alternative)

Adapted borrowing of English Aegean + -aidd.


Rhufeinaidd

Rhufeinaidd (feminine singular Rhufeinaidd, plural Rhufeinaidd, equative mor rufeinaidd, comparative mwy Rhufeinaidd, superlative mwyaf Rhufeinaidd)

Rhufeinaidd (feminine singular)
Rhufeinaidd (plural)
mor rufeinaidd (equative)
mwy Rhufeinaidd (comparative)
mwyaf Rhufeinaidd (superlative)
Rhufeinaidd
Rufeinaidd (soft)
Rhufeiniaidd (alternative)


Rwsiaidd

Rwsiaidd (feminine singular Rwsiaidd, plural Rwsiaidd, not comparable, not mutable)

Rwsiaidd (feminine singular)
Rwsiaidd (plural)
Rwsiaidd
Rwsaidd (alternative)


Ynysoedd Sili

Ynysoedd Sili
Hynysoedd Sili (prothesis-h)


Tsiadaidd

Tsiadaidd (feminine singular Tsiadaidd, plural Tsiadaidd, not comparable)

Tsiadaidd (feminine singular)
Tsiadaidd (plural)


Tibetaidd

Tibetaidd (feminine singular Tibetaidd, plural Tibetaidd, not comparable)

Tibetaidd (feminine singular)
Tibetaidd (plural)
Tibetaidd
Dibetaidd (soft)
Nhibetaidd
Thibetaidd


Swisaidd

Swisaidd (feminine singular Swisaidd, plural Swisaidd, not comparable, not mutable)

Swisaidd (feminine singular)
Swisaidd (plural)


Swistirol

Swistirol (feminine singular Swistirol, plural Swistirol, not comparable, not mutable)

Swistirol (feminine singular)
Swistirol (plural)


Tsiadiad

cy-noun

Tsiadiad m or f by sense (plural Tsadiaid)


Tibetiad

Tibetiad m or f by sense (plural Tibetiaid)

Tibetiaid (plural)
Tibetiad
Dibetiad (soft)
Nhibetiad
Thibetiad


Swisiad

Swisiad m or f by sense (plural Swisiaid, not mutable)