tomato

tomatos (plural)
tomato
domato (soft)
nhomato
thomato

Borrowed from English tomato, from Spanish tomate, from Classical Nahuatl tomatl.


banana

bananas (plural)
banana
fanana (soft)
manana

From English banana, from Wolof banaana, via Portuguese and/or Spanish.


onion

onionyn (singulative)
onion
honion (prothesis-h)


melon

melonau (plural)
melons (plural)
melon
felon (soft)


reis

Borrowed from Old French ris (possibly via Middle English rys, compare modern English rice).


balm

Melissa officinalis
Melissa officinalis#Translingual


brag

From Middle Welsh brac, from Proto-Brythonic *brag, from Proto-Celtic *mrakis. Cognate with Irish braich.


wy

From Middle Welsh wy, from Old Welsh ui, from Proto-Celtic *āwyom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm.


almon

almonau (plural)
almon
halmon (prothesis-h)


oren

Variant of oraen, back-formation of oraens, borrowed from English orange.


yta

cy-verb

yta (first-person singular present ytâf)

ytâf (first-person present singular)
ytâf (first-person future indicative present singular)
ytei (future indicative present second-person singular)
ytâ (future indicative present singular third-person)
ytawn (first-person future indicative plural present)
ytewch (future indicative plural present second-person)
ytânt (future indicative plural present third-person)
yteir (future impersonal indicative present)
ytawn (conditional first-person singular)
ytawn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ytait (conditional second-person singular)
ytait (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ytâi (conditional singular third-person)
ytâi (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ytaem (conditional first-person plural)
ytaem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ytaech (conditional plural second-person)
ytaech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ytaent (conditional plural third-person)
ytaent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
yteid (conditional impersonal)
yteid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
yteais (first-person preterite singular)
yteaist (preterite second-person singular)
ytaodd (preterite singular third-person)
ytasom (first-person plural preterite)
ytasoch (plural preterite second-person)
ytasant (plural preterite third-person)
ytawyd (impersonal preterite)
ytaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
ytasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
ytasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
ytasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
ytasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
ytasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
ytasid (impersonal pluperfect)
ytesid (impersonal pluperfect)
ytawyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
yteych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
ytao (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ytaom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
ytaoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ytaont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ytaer (impersonal present subjunctive)
ytâ (imperative second-person singular)
ytaed (imperative singular third-person)
ytawn (first-person imperative plural)
ytewch (imperative plural second-person)
ytaent (imperative plural third-person)
ytaer (imperative impersonal)
yta (noun-from-verb)
ytedig (participle)
ytadwy (participle)
yta i (first-person future singular)
ytaf i (first-person future singular)
yti di (future second-person singular)
ytith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
ytiff e (future singular third-person)
ytwn ni (first-person future plural)
ytwch chi (future plural second-person)
ytan nhw (future plural third-person)
ytwn i (conditional first-person singular)
ytswn i (conditional first-person singular)
ytet ti (conditional second-person singular)
ytset ti (conditional second-person singular)
ytai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
ytsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
yten ni (conditional first-person plural)
ytsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
ytech chi (conditional plural second-person)
ytsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
yten nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ytsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ytais i (first-person preterite singular)
ytes i (first-person preterite singular)
ytaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
ytest ti (preterite second-person singular)
ytodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
yton ni (first-person plural preterite)
ytoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
yton nhw (plural preterite third-person)
yta (imperative second-person singular)
ytwch (imperative plural second-person)
yta
hyta (prothesis-h)


aeron

cy-noun

aeron f (collective, singulative aeronen)

aeronen (singulative)
aeron
haeron (prothesis-h)

From Proto-Brythonic *aɨron, from Proto-Celtic *agronā (“berries, sloes”) (collective). More at eirin.


mêr

mêr m (collective, singulative merion or meirion)

merion (singulative)
meirion (singulative)
mêr
fêr (soft)

From Proto-Celtic *smerus (“marrow”), from Proto-Indo-European *smérus (“grease”). Cognate with Irish smior.

(uncountable) marrow (substance inside bones which produces blood cells)


afal

afalau (plural)
afal
hafal (prothesis-h)

PIE word
 *h₂ébōl
From Middle Welsh aual, from Proto-Brythonic *aβal, from Proto-Celtic *abūl, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl. Cognate with Breton aval, Cornish aval, Irish úll, Manx ooyl, Scottish Gaelic ubhal and English apple (as well as Avalon).


afan

afanen (singulative)
afan
hafan (prothesis-h)


papaia

papaias (plural)
papaia
bapaia (soft)
mhapaia
phapaia


cennin sifi

cennin sifi f (collective, singulative cenhinen sifi)

cenhinen sifi (singulative)
cennin sifi
gennin sifi (soft)
nghennin sifi
chennin sifi


mafon

mafon f (collective, singulative mafonen)

mafonen (singulative)
mafon
fafon (soft)


cnau

cneuen (singulative)
cnau
gnau (soft)
nghnau
chnau

From Proto-Brythonic *know, from Proto-Celtic *knūs. Compare English nut, Latin nux.


taten

tatws (plural)
tato (plural)
taten
daten (soft)
nhaten
thaten

Borrowed from English potato with apheresis and an + -en suffix.


mefus

mefus f (collective, singulative mefusen)

mefusen (singulative)
mefus
fefus (soft)


ffrwyth

ffrwyth m (plural ffrwythau or ffrwythydd, not mutable)

From Proto-Brythonic *fruɨθ, borrowed from Latin frūctus. Compare Cornish froeth, Breton frouezh.


cucumer

cucumer m (plural cucumerau or cucumeri or cucumeriaid or cucumers)

cucumerau (plural)
cucumeri (plural)
cucumeriaid (plural)
cucumers (plural)
cucumer
gucumer (soft)
nghucumer
chucumer

/kɨ̞ˈkɨ̞mɛr/

Learned borrowing from Latin cucumis. Doublet of ciwcymbr.

Cucumis sativus
Cucumis sativus#Translingual


suran

suran f (collective, singulative suranen, not mutable)


pannas

pannas f (collective, singulative panasen)

panasen (singulative)
pannas
bannas (soft)
mhannas
phannas

Possibly borrowed from French panais (“parsnip”).

Mae Owen yn hoffi pannas

6 phanasen heb eu croen ac wedi'u torri'n chwarteri

2020 July 25 (last accessed), S4C, archived from the original on 2020-07-25:

Pastinaca sativa
Pastinaca sativa#Translingual

parsnips, Pastinaca sativa var. hortensis

pannas y cawr

cow parsnip, hogweed (Heracleum sphondylium)


mwyar

mwyar f (collective, singulative mwyaren)

mwyaren (singulative)
mwyar
fwyar (soft)

From Proto-Brythonic *muɨar (compare Cornish mor, Breton mouar), from Proto-Celtic *smiyoros (compare Irish sméar). Doublet of mieri (“brambles”).


maip

Borrowed from Old English nēp, cf. English neep.

Brassica rapa
Brassica rapa#Translingual


ffa

ffa f (collective, singulative ffeuen or ffäen, not mutable)

ffeuen (singulative)
ffäen (singulative)

From Middle Welsh ffa, from Proto-Brythonic *fav, from Latin faba; compare Cornish faf, fa and Breton fav, fao.

gwymon ffa

bean-shaped seaweed, Scytosiphon lomentaria

rhwd ffa dringo

runner bean rust, Uromyces appendiculatus


llysau

llysau m (collective, singulative llysewyn)

llysewyn (singulative)
llysau
lysau (soft)


pys

pysen (singulative)
pys
bys (soft)
mhys
phys

From Middle Welsh pys, from Proto-Brythonic *pɨs, from Latin pisum (“pea”).


sisli

Myrrhis odorata
Myrrhis odorata#Translingual


mieri

mieri f (collective, singulative miaren or mieren or mierïen)

miaren (singulative)
mieren (singulative)
mierïen (singulative)
mieri
fieri (soft)

From Proto-Brythonic *muɨar (compare Cornish mor, Breton mouar), from Proto-Celtic *smiyoros. Doublet of mwyar (“blackberries”).


eirin

eirin f (collective, singulative eirinen)

eirinen (singulative)
eirin
heirin (prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh eirin, from Proto-Brythonic *ėɣrin, from Proto-Celtic *agrinyā, plural of *agrinyom (compare Cornish yryn, Breton irin, Irish airne (“sloe”)), from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₂ógeh₂ (“berry”) (compare Tocharian B oko (“fruit”), Old Church Slavonic агода (agoda, “berry”)).


grawnwin

cy-noun

grawnwin f (collective, singulative grawnwinen)

grawnwinen (singulative)
grawnwin
rawnwin (soft)
ngrawnwin


cnau cyll

cnau cyll f (collective, singulative cneuen gyll)

cneuen gyll (singulative)
cnau cyll
gnau cyll (soft)
nghnau cyll
chnau cyll


ffrwchnedd

ffrwchnedd f (collective, singulative ffrwchnedden, not mutable)


letys

letys f (collective, singulative letysen, not mutable)


bresych

bresych f (collective, singulative bresychen)

bresychen (singulative)
bresych
fresych (soft)
mresych

From Middle Welsh bressych, from Proto-Brythonic *brėsɨx, from Vulgar Latin *brassicca, from Latin brassica.

Brassica oleracea var. capitata#Translingual

cabbages (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)


olif

olifau (plural)
olifs (plural)
olif
holif (prothesis-h)


pupur

puprau (plural)
pupur
bupur (soft)
mhupur
phupur

From Old English pipor, from Latin piper. Doublet of pybyr, directly from Latin.

(uncountable) pepper (spice and condiment)


grawnafal

grawnafalau (plural)
grawnafal
rawnafal (soft)
ngrawnafal

grawn (“grain”) + afal (“apple”), Calque of Latin pomum grānātum


wynwyn

wynwyn m (collective, singulative wynwynyn)

wynwynyn (singulative)
wynwyn
hwynwyn (prothesis-h)


cwinoa

Borrowed from English quinoa, from Spanish quinua, from Quechua kinwa.


cennin

cennin f (collective, singulative cenhinen)

cenhinen (singulative)
cennin
gennin (soft)
nghennin
chennin

Old Welsh cennin, from Proto-Celtic *kasninā.


wnion

wnionyn (singulative)
wnion
hwnion (prothesis-h)


garlleg

head

garlleg m pl or f pl (masculine singulative garllegyn, feminine singulative garllegen)

garllegyn (masculine singulative)
garllegen (feminine singulative)
garlleg
arlleg (soft)
ngarlleg


grawnffrwyth

grawnffrwythau (plural)
grawnffrwyth
rawnffrwyth (soft)
ngrawnffrwyth

From grawnwin (“grapes”) + ffrwyth (“fruit”), a calque of English grapefruit.


gwenith

cy-noun

gwenith m (collective, singulative gwenithyn)

From Middle Welsh gwenith, from Proto-Brythonic *gwöniθ (compare Cornish gwaneth, Breton gwinizh) from , from Proto-Indo-European *neyk- (“to winnow”) (compare nithio (“to winnow”)). Suggestions that this word is a compound of gwyn (“white”) + ith (“grain”) fail to account for the lack of -nn- as would be expected before a vowel (compare gwynnu (“to whiten”).


eiddew

From Middle Welsh eido, from Proto-Brythonic *eðenn, from Proto-Celtic *edennos, from Proto-Indo-European *pedn̥nos.


macon

cy-noun

macon f (collective, singulative maconen)

maconen (singulative)
macon
facon (soft)

Uncertain. Possibly cognate with magu (“to rear, to raise, to nuture”), or from earlier *bac, derived from Latin bāca (“berry, olive”).
If from Latin, the /m/ would be a backformation from the soft-mutated form facon, cf. mantais (“advantage”), melfaréd (“velveret”), melfed (“velvet”), mentr (“venture”), mursen (“coquette; damselfly”).


rhyg

From Middle Welsh ryc, perhaps a borrowing of Old English ryġe.


wermod

Inherited from Middle Welsh wermot (“wormwood”), from Middle English wermode.

inh+

Artemisia absinthium
Artemisia absinthium#Translingual

wormwood (Artemisia)
common wormwood (Artemisia absinthium)


haidd

cy-noun

haidd m (collective, singulative heidden, not mutable)


cafiâr

From English caviar, from French caviar, from Ottoman Turkish خاویار (havyar), probably from Persian خاویار (xâvyâr).


gronyn

gronyn m (plural gronynnau or gronynnos)

gronynnau (plural)
gronynnos (plural)
gronyn
ronyn (soft)
ngronyn

a single grain or seed, one of the grains of a cereal plant


afocado

afocados (plural)
afocado
hafocado (prothesis-h)


llus

Vaccinium myrtillus
Vaccinium myrtillus#Translingual


llus America

llus America f (collective, singulative llusen America)

llusen America (singulative)
llus America
lus America (soft)

Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd
w:Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd

Gwasg Carreg Gwalch
w:Gwasg Carreg Gwalch

blueberries, cowberries, huckleberries (American species of genera Vaccinium and Gaylussacia)

especially commercial blueberries (Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus)


mwyar y Berwyn

mwyar y Berwyn f (collective, singulative mwyaren y Berwyn)

mwyaren y Berwyn (singulative)
mwyar y Berwyn
fwyar y Berwyn (soft)

Rubus chamaemorus
Rubus chamaemorus#Translingual


melon dŵr

melonau dŵr (plural)
melon dŵr
felon dŵr (soft)


pinafal

pinafalau (plural)
pinafal
binafal (soft)
mhinafal
phinafal

→ Cornish: pinaval

pin (“pine”) + afal (“apple”). Calque of English pineapple.

Ananas comosus
Ananas comosus#Translingual


datys

datys f (collective, singulative datysen)

datysen (singulative)
datys
ddatys (soft)
natys


ffigys

ffigys f (collective, singulative ffigysen, not mutable)


bricyll

bricyll f (collective, singulative bricyllen)

bricyllen (singulative)
bricyll
fricyll (soft)
mricyll

Alteration through aphesis and replacement of the final consonant of now obsolete English abrecock, from dialectal Catalan abrecoc, abricoc, variants of standard albercoc, from Arabic الْبَرْقُوق (al-barqūq, “plums”), from Byzantine Greek βερικοκκία (berikokkía, “apricot tree”), from Ancient Greek πραικόκιον (praikókion), from Late Latin (persica) praecocia (literally “(peaches) which ripen early”), (mālum) praecoquum (literally “(apple) which ripens early”).


ceirios

cy-noun

ceirios f (collective, singulative ceiriosen)

ceiriosen (singulative)
ceirios
geirios (soft)
ngheirios
cheirios

From Proto-Brythonic *kėres (perhaps from a late Proto-Celtic *keresyā) borrowed from Late Latin ceresia, from the neuter plural of ceresium, from Latin cerasium, from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry”), from κερασός (kerasós, “bird cherry”). Compare Cornish keres, Breton kerez.

der

Prunus subg. Cerasus
Prunus subg. Cerasus#Translingual


craf y geifr

craf y geifr
graf y geifr (soft)
nghraf y geifr
chraf y geifr

From craf (“ramsons”) + y (“(of) the”) + geifr (“goats”). See English buckram for a similarly derived name, literally "buck's ramsons".


craf

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], from Proto-Celtic *kremu- (reflecting the oblique zero-grade *kramo-), from Proto-Indo-European *kremus-. Cognate with Irish creamh, Scottish Gaelic creamh and Manx craue


syfi

cy-noun

syfi f (collective, singulative syfïen, not mutable)

From Proto-Celtic *subi. See Cornish sevi, Breton sivi, Irish sú.

(South Wales) strawberries, wild strawberries


egroes

egroes f (collective, singulative egroesen)

egroesen (singulative)
egroes
hegroes (prothesis-h)

dogrose hips (Rosa canina)

hips, rosehips, the fruit of the rose plant (Rosa)


rhynion

rhynion m (collective, singulative rhynionyn)

rhynionyn (singulative)
rhynion
rynion (soft)

From rhyn (“stiff, rigid; cold”) + -ion.


drysi

drysi f (collective, singulative drysïen)

drysïen (singulative)
drysi
ddrysi (soft)
nrysi

From d(y)rys (“tangled, thorny”) + -i. Cognate with Cornish dreys, Breton drez, Irish dris, Scottish Gaelic dris.

drysïen ddeupen

briar with two ends in the earth; two-headed briar


erfin

erfin f (collective, singulative erfinen)

erfinen (singulative)
erfin
herfin (prothesis-h)

From Proto-Brythonic *arbīn, metathesised from an earlier Proto-Brythonic *rabīno-.


ŷd

corn, grain, cereal (any cereal plant of the family Poaceae grown for grain)


chwerwddwr

(archaic) wormwood (Artemisia absinthium)


ciwcymbr

ciwcymbrau (plural)
ciwcymbr
giwcymbr (soft)
nghiwcymbr
chiwcymbr

Borrowed from English cucumber. Doublet of cucumer.


eirin ysgaw

eirin ysgaw f (collective, singulative eirinen ysgaw)

eirinen ysgaw (singulative)
eirin ysgaw
heirin ysgaw (prothesis-h)

From eirin (“plums, berries”) + ysgaw (“elder”).


eirin gwlanog

cy-noun

eirin gwlanog f (collective, singulative eirinen wlanog)

eirinen wlanog (singulative)
eirin gwlanog
heirin gwlanog (prothesis-h)

/ˌei̯rɪŋ ˈɡwlaːnɔɡ/

From eirin (“plums”) + gwlanog (“woolly”).


gwsberis

gwsberis f (collective, singulative gwsberen)

gwsberen (singulative)
gwsberis
wsberis (soft)
ngwsberis


eirin Mair

eirin Mair f (collective, singulative eirinen Fair)

eirinen Fair (singulative)
eirin Mair
heirin Mair (prothesis-h)

From eirin (“plums, berries”) + Mair (“Mary”).


blodfresych

cy-noun

blodfresych f (collective, singulative blodfresychen)

blodfresychen (singulative)
blodfresych
flodfresych (soft)
mlodfresych

From blawd (“flowers”) + bresych (“cabbage”).

cauliflowers (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis)


afal cariad

afalau cariad (plural)
afal cariad
hafal cariad (prothesis-h)

From afal (“apple”) + cariad (“love”) i.e. "apple of love". Calque of English love apple and/or French pomme d’amour. Compare Cornish aval kerensa.


pwmpen

pwmpenni (plural)
pwmpen
bwmpen (soft)
mhwmpen
phwmpen

From English pumpion, an archaic variant of pumpkin.


cnau Ffrengig

cnau Ffrengig f (collective, singulative cneuen Ffrengig)

cneuen Ffrengig (singulative)
cnau Ffrengig
gnau Ffrengig (soft)
nghnau Ffrengig
chnau Ffrengig

/knaɨ̯ ˈfrɛŋɪɡ/


danadl poethion

danadl poethion f (collective, singulative danhadlen boeth)

danhadlen boeth (singulative)
danadl poethion
ddanadl poethion (soft)
nanadl poethion

From danadl (“nettles”) + poeth (“hot, burning”).

com

Urtica dioica
Urtica dioica#Translingual

stinging nettles, common nettles Urtica dioica


danadl

cy-noun

danadl f (collective, singulative danhadlen)

danhadlen (singulative)
danadl
ddanadl (soft)
nanadl

From a Proto-Celtic *ninatis by dissimilation. Cognate with Cornish linas, Breton linad, Irish neantóg and Scottish Gaelic deanntag. The relation with Proto-Germanic *natǭ is unclear.

blodyn-Mihangel dail danadl

nettle-leaved Michaelmas-daisy, Aster schreberi

cawod goch danadl

nettle clustercup rust, Puccinia urticata

clychlys dail danadl

nettle-leaved bellflower, Campanula trachelium

danadl dail

yellow archangel, Lamiastrum galeobdolon

danadl poethion

stinging nettle, common nettle, Urtica dioica

pannog dail danadl

nettle-leaved mullein, Verbascum chaixii

troed-yr-ŵydd dail danadl

nettle-leaved goosefoot, Chenopodium murale


marddanadl

marddanadl f (collective, singulative marddanhadlen)

marddanhadlen (singulative)
marddanadl
farddanadl (soft)

From marw (“dead”) + danadl (“nettles”). Calque of English deadnettle.


bawm

Inherited from Middle Welsh bawm, from Middle English bawme.


ceirch

ceirch f (collective, singulative ceirchen)

ceirchen (singulative)
ceirch
geirch (soft)
ngheirch
cheirch

From Middle Welsh keirch, from Proto-Brythonic *körx (compare Cornish kergh, Breton kerc'h), from Proto-Celtic *korkyos (compare Irish coirce), from Proto-Indo-European *kokro- (compare dialectal Swedish hagre, Ancient Greek κάχρυς (kákhrus)).


gwynnwy

gwynnwyau (plural)
gwynnwy
wynnwy (soft)
ngwynnwy


melynwy

melynwyau (plural)
melynwy
felynwy (soft)

Univerbation of melyn (“yellow”) + wy (“egg”). Literally “egg's yellow”.

univerbation

meadowfoam (Limnanthes), especially Douglas' meadowfoam, poached egg plant (Limnanthes douglasii)


rhuddygl

cy-noun

rhuddygl f (collective, singulative rhuddyglen)

rhuddyglen (singulative)
rhuddygl
ruddygl (soft)

/ˈr̥ɨ̞ðɨ̞ɡl/

[ˈr̥ɨ̞ðɨ̞ɡl̩]

Adapted from earlier rhadicl under influence from rhudd (“red”); a phono-semantic matching of New Latin rādīcula or rādīx.


artisiog

cy-noun

artisiog m (plural artisiogau or artisiogs)

artisiogau (plural)
artisiogs (plural)
artisiog
hartisiog (prothesis-h)


persli

persli m or pl (uncountable, diminutive perslïen)

perslïen (diminutive)
persli
bersli (soft)
mhersli
phersli

Borrowed from Middle English persely, from Old French peresil, from Latin petroselīnum, from Ancient Greek πετροσέλῑνον (petrosélīnon).

der

πετροσέλῑνον


lafant

Borrowed from Old French lavendre, perhaps via Middle English lavendre.


grawn

cy-noun

grawn m (collective, singulative gronyn)

gronyn (singulative)
grawn
rawn (soft)
ngrawn

From Proto-Brythonic *grọn, from Proto-Celtic *grānom, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm. Compare Breton greun, Irish grán, Latin grānum.


gwylaeth

gwylaeth m or f (plural gwylaethau or gwylaethion)

gwylaethau (plural)
gwylaethion (plural)

From gwo- + llaeth, due to the milky sap.


talch

talch m or f (collective, masculine singulative telchyn, feminine singulative talchen)

telchyn (masculine singulative)
talchen (feminine singulative)
talch
dalch (soft)
nhalch
thalch

From Proto-Brythonic *talx (“pieces, fragments”)


lentys

Borrowed from English lentil. Doublet of lentyl.


corbys

cy-noun

corbys f (collective, singulative corbysen)

corbysen (singulative)
corbys
gorbys (soft)
nghorbys
chorbys


lentyl

Borrowed from English lentil. Doublet of lentys.


ffacbys

ffacbys f (collective, singulative facbysen, not mutable)


safri'r gerddi

safri'r gerddi f (uncountable, not mutable)


safri'r haf

safri'r haf f (uncountable, not mutable)

Satureja hortensis
Satureja hortensis#Translingual


safri'r gaeaf

safri'r gaeaf f (uncountable, not mutable)


bochgoch

hip, fruit of a rose
esp. of a dogrose (Rosa canina)


drysi pêr

drysi pêr f (collective, singulative drysïen bêr)

drysi (“bramble, brier”) + pêr (“sweet”).

Rosa rubiginosa
Rosa rubiginosa#Translingual

Rosa eglanteria
Rosa eglanteria#Translingual

sweetbriers, eglantine (Rosa rubiginosa, syn. Rosa eglanteria)


criafol y bwci

criafol y bwci f (collective, singulative criafolen y bwci)

criafolen y bwci (singulative)
criafol y bwci
griafol y bwci (soft)
nghriafol y bwci
chriafol y bwci

From criafol (“rowanberries”) and bwci (“boggart, bogey”).

dogrose hips, the fruit of the dogrose plant (Rosa canina)


drys pêr

drys pêr f (collective, singulative drysen bêr)

Alternative form of drysi pêr (“sweetbriers”)


mieri'r mynydd

mieri'r mynydd f (collective, singulative mierïen y mynydd)

mierïen y mynydd (singulative)
mieri'r mynydd
fieri'r mynydd (soft)


winwns

winwns m (collective, singulative winwnsyn, not mutable)

(South Wales) onions (Allium, esp. Allium cepa)


nionyn

(North Wales) onion (Allium, esp. Allium cepa)


afal y bwci

afalau'r bwci (plural)
afal y bwci
hafal y bwci (prothesis-h)

From afal (“apple”) and bwci (“boggart, bogey”).

rosehips, the fruit of the rose plant (Rosa canina)


dyfrforon bach

dyfrforon bach f (collective, singulative dyfrforonen fach)

dyfrforonen fach (singulative)
dyfrforon bach
ddyfrforon bach (soft)
nyfrforon bach


dyfrforon

dyfrforon f (collective, singulative dyfrforonen)

dyfrforonen (singulative)
dyfrforon
ddyfrforon (soft)
nyfrforon


cegid

cegid f (collective, singulative cegiden)

From the same source as cecys (“kex, hollow stalks”) Cornish cegas, English kex and Latin cicūta (“hemlock”).

Conium maculatum
Conium maculatum#Translingual

hemlock, (Conium spp.), especially poison hemlock (Conium maculatum)

cegid y dŵr

hemlock water-dropwort; water hemlock, cowbane


cegid

cegidau (plural)
cegid
gegid (soft)
nghegid
chegid

Alternative form of cegin (“woodpecker; jay”).

altform

Picus viridis
Picus viridis#Translingual

woodpecker (Picidae), notably:
green woodpecker (Picus viridis)

great spotted woodpecker
great spotted woodpecker

Dendrocopos major
Dendrocopos major#Translingual

great spotted woodpecker, witwall (Dendrocopos major)

Garrulus glandarius
Garrulus glandarius#Translingual

Chloris chloris
Chloris chloris#Translingual


sorgwm

From English sorgum, from New Latin genus name Sorghum, from Italian sorgo, from Vulgar Latin *syricum (“Syrian”), from Sȳricus.


rhygwenith

rhygwenithyn (plural)
rhygwenith
rygwenith (soft)

/r̥əɡˈwɛnɪθ/

/r̥əɡˈweːnɪθ/

/r̥əɡˈwɛnɪθ/


miled

Panicum miliaceum
Panicum miliaceum#Translingual

millet (grain belonging to the tribe Paniceae, some species to Andropogoneae and Cynodonteae), especially common millet (Panicum miliaceum)


tsip

cy-noun

tsip f or m (plural tsips, diminutive tsipen)

tsips (plural)
tsipen (diminutive)
tsip
jip (soft)

siop jips


sbelt

Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta#Translingual


ceirios gwynion

ceirios gwynion f (collective, singulative ceiriosen wen)

ceiriosen wen (singulative)
ceirios gwynion
geirios gwynion (soft)
ngheirios gwynion
cheirios gwynion

white heart cherries, a cultivar of Prunus avium


palf y gath bali

palf y gath bali f or m (plural palfau y gath bali)

palfau y gath bali (plural)
palf y gath bali
balf y gath bali (soft)
mhalf y gath bali
phalf y gath bali

Ajuga chamaepitys
Ajuga chamaepitys#Translingual

yellow bugle, ground pine (Ajuga chamaepitys)


palf y llew

palf y llew f or m (plural palfau y llew)

palfau y llew (plural)
palf y llew
balf y llew (soft)
mhalf y llew
phalf y llew

common lady's mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris)


glesyn-y-coed pêr

glesyn-y-coed pêr
lesyn-y-coed pêr (soft)
nglesyn-y-coed pêr

Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd
w:Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd

Gwasg Carreg Gwalch
w:Gwasg Carreg Gwalch


troed y gath bali

troed y gath bali m or f (plural traed y gath bali)

traed y gath bali (plural)
troed y gath bali
droed y gath bali (soft)
nhroed y gath bali
throed y gath bali


rhedyn Mair

rhedyn Mair f (collective, singulative rhedynen Fair)

rhedynen Fair (singulative)
rhedyn Mair
redyn Mair (soft)

rhedyn-Mair Alpaiddrhedyn-Mair Newman ()

lady ferns (Athyrium), especially common lady-ferns (Athyrium filix-femina)

Dryopteris filix-mas
Dryopteris filix-mas#Translingual

common male ferns, (Dryopteris filix-mas)

Osmunda regalis
Osmunda regalis#Translingual

Polypodium vulgare
Polypodium vulgare#Translingual

Myrrhis odorata
Myrrhis odorata#Translingual


ditaen Creta

ditaen Creta
dditaen Creta (soft)
nitaen Creta

dittany of Crete, hop marjoram (Origanum dictamnus)


creithig bêr

creithig bêr f (plural creithigau pêr or creithigau perion)

creithigau pêr (plural)
creithigau perion (plural)
creithig bêr
greithig bêr (soft)
nghreithig bêr
chreithig bêr


creithig

creithig
greithig (soft)
nghreithig
chreithig

Scandix pecten-veneris
Scandix pecten-veneris#Translingual

shepherd's needle, Venus's comb (Scandix pecten-veneris)


llysiau'r ysgyfaint

llysiau'r ysgyfaint m (collective, singulative llysieuyn yr ysgyfaint)

llysiau'r-ysgyfaint culddail

narrow-leaved lungwort, blue cowslip, Pulmonaria angustifolia

llysiau'r-ysgyfaint hirddail

narrow-leaved lungwort, long-eared lungwort (Pulmonaria longifolia

Angelica archangelica
Angelica archangelica#Translingual

angelica (Angelica spp.), especially garden angelica (Angelica archangelica)


plwmws

plwmws f or m (collective, masculine singulative plwmsyn, feminine singulative plwmen or plwmsen)

plwmsyn (masculine singulative)
plwmen (feminine singulative)
plwmsen (feminine singulative)
plwmws
blwmws (soft)
mhlwmws
phlwmws


meryswydd

meryswydd f (collective, singulative meryswydden)

meryswydden (singulative)
meryswydd
feryswydd (soft)

/mɛˈrəswɨ̞ð/

From merys (“medlar tree”) + gwŷdd (“trees”).

Mespilus germanica
Mespilus germanica#Translingual

common medlar trees (Mespilus germanica)


merysbren

merysbrennau (plural)
merysbren
ferysbren (soft)

From merys (“medlar tree”) + pren (“wood, tree”).


cedowydd

giant fennel (several plants of genus Ferula)


pengoch

pengoch
bengoch (soft)
mhengoch
phengoch

(botany) Lamioideae (deadnettles and horehounds)

Acanthis flammea
Acanthis flammea#Translingual

(ornithology) redpoll (Acanthis), especially common redpoll (Acanthis flammea)


cegid gwynion

cy-noun

cegid gwynion f (collective, singulative cegiden wen)

cegiden wen (singulative)
cegid gwynion
gegid gwynion (soft)
nghegid gwynion
chegid gwynion

Alternative form of cegid gwyn (“sweet cicely”)


cegid perion

cegid perion f (collective, singulative cegiden bêr)

cegiden bêr (singulative)
cegid perion
gegid perion (soft)
nghegid perion
chegid perion

Alternative form of cegid pêr (“sweet cicely”)


dibynlor cegidaidd

hemlock water-dropwort (Oenanthe crocata)


cegid pumbys

Literally “five-fingered hemlock”. The element pumbys (“five-fingered”) may be an eggcorn of pumustl (“cowbane, water hemlock”).

eggcorn of

Cicuta virosa
Cicuta virosa#Translingual


cegid pêr

cy-noun

cegid pêr f (collective, singulative cegiden bêr)

cegiden bêr (singulative)
cegid pêr
gegid pêr (soft)
nghegid pêr
chegid pêr


gwyn y dillad

gwyn y dillad
wyn y dillad (soft)
ngwyn y dillad

cegid

creithig bêr


cas gan fuwch

cas gan fuwch m (plural casiau gan fuwch)

casiau gan fuwch (plural)
cas gan fuwch
gas gan fuwch (soft)
nghas gan fuwch
chas gan fuwch


dibynlor

dibyn (“dangling, precipitous”) + llawr (“floor”).


persli'r dŵr

persli'r dŵr
bersli'r dŵr (soft)
mhersli'r dŵr
phersli'r dŵr

Apium graveolens
Apium graveolens#Translingual

one of several members of the celery family, including:

smallage, wild celery (Apium graveolens)


cegid y dŵr

cy-noun

cegid y dŵr f (collective, singulative cegiden y dŵr)

cegiden y dŵr (singulative)
cegid y dŵr
gegid y dŵr (soft)
nghegid y dŵr
chegid y dŵr


buladd

bu (“cow”) + lladd (“killing”). Compare bulwg (“corncockle”).


cegid fenyw

cegid fenyw f (collective, singulative cegiden feyw)

cegiden feyw (singulative)
cegid fenyw
gegid fenyw (soft)
nghegid fenyw
chegid fenyw

Anthriscus sylvestris
Anthriscus sylvestris#Translingual


cegid cyffredin

cegid cyffredin f (collective, singulative cegiden gyffredin)

cegiden gyffredin (singulative)
cegid cyffredin
gegid cyffredin (soft)
nghegid cyffredin
chegid cyffredin

Conium maculatum
Conium maculatum#Translingual


cegid gwyn

cegid gwyn f (collective, singulative cegiden wen)

cegiden wen (singulative)
cegid gwyn
gegid gwyn (soft)
nghegid gwyn
chegid gwyn


cysblys

cysblys
gysblys (soft)
nghysblys
chysblys

cysb (“grass tetany”) + llys (“herb, wort”).


cegid pibellaidd

cy-noun

cegid pibellaidd f (collective, singulative cegiden bibellaidd)

tubular water-dropwort (Oenanthe fistulosa)


cegid dail persli

cegid dail persli f (collective, singulative cegiden dail persli)

parsley water-dropwort (Oenanthe lachenalii)


cegid yr afon

cegid yr afon f (collective, singulative cegiden yr afon)

river water-dropwort (Oenanthe fluviatilis)


perllys

perllys
berllys (soft)
mherllys
pherllys

pêr (“sweet”) + llys (“herb”). May be a phono-semantically matched alteration of persli.

Petroselinum crispum
Petroselinum crispum#Translingual


pyglys

pyg (“pitch, turpentine”) + llys (“herb, wort”).

com

hog's fennel, sulphurweed, sulphurwort (Peucedanum officinale)


pomcin

pomciniaid (plural)
pomcin
bomcin (soft)
mhomcin
phomcin


ffenigl-y-moch llaethog

cy-noun

ffenigl-y-moch llaethog m (uncountable, not mutable)

milk parsley, marsh hog's fennel (Peucedanum palustre)


llaethberllys Caergrawnt

llaethberllys Caergrawnt m (uncountable)

llaethberllys Caergrawnt
laethberllys Caergrawnt (soft)

Cambridge milk-parsley (Selinum carvifolia)


llaethberllys

especially milk parsley, marsh hog's fennel (Peucedanum palustre)


ffenigl y moch

ffenigl y moch m (uncountable, not mutable)

hog's fennel, sulphurweed (Peucedanum officinale)


ffenigl

Foeniculum vulgare
Foeniculum vulgare#Translingual


ffenigl-y-moch gwridog

ffenigl-y-moch gwridog m (uncountable, not mutable)


lloerforon

lloerforon f (collective, singulative lloerforonen)

lloerforonen (singulative)
lloerforon
loerforon (soft)

/ɬɔɨ̯rˈvɔrɔn/

/ɬɔɨ̯rˈvɔrɔn/

moon carrot, mountain stone parsley (Seseli libanotis)


dail robin

dail robin
ddail robin (soft)
nail robin

Geranium robertianum
Geranium robertianum#Translingual

Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd
w:Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd


mintys arogl afalaidd

mintys arogl afalaidd pl (no singulative)

apple-scented mint, apple mint, round-leaved mint (Mentha suaveolens, or one of its hybrids, Mentha × rotundifolia)


mintys gardd

Mentha spicata
Mentha spicata#Translingual


mintys deilgrwn

round-leaved mint, apple-scented mint, apple mint (Mentha suaveolens, or one of its hybrids, Mentha × rotundifolia)


mintys Mair

(obsolete) possibly wild clary (Salvia verbenaca syn. Salvia horminoides)


mintys y gath

Nepeta cataria
Nepeta cataria#Translingual


blodyn crach

blodau crach (plural)
blodyn crach
flodyn crach (soft)
mlodyn crach

Silene dioica
Silene dioica#Translingual


gwden y mynydd

gwden y mynydd
wden y mynydd (soft)
ngwden y mynydd

laserwort, sermountain, hartwort (Laserpitium siler)


brymlys

brym (“[unknown]”) + llys (“herb, wort”).

com

Mentha pulegium
Mentha pulegium#Translingual


dyfrforon ymlusgol

cy-noun

dyfrforon ymlusgol f (collective, singulative dyfrforonen ymlusgol)

dyfrforonen ymlusgol (singulative)
dyfrforon ymlusgol
ddyfrforon ymlusgol (soft)
nyfrforon ymlusgol


afal pin

afalau pin (plural)
afal pin
hafal pin (prothesis-h)

Ananas comosus
Ananas comosus#Translingual

pineapple ( the fruit of the plant Ananas comosus)


creiglus

creiglus
greiglus (soft)
nghreiglus
chreiglus

crowberries, crakeberries, plant of genus Empetrum

Empetrum nigrum
Empetrum nigrum#Translingual

especially common crowberries, mossberries (Empetrum nigrum)


llus y brain

llus y brain f (collective, singulative llusen y brain)

llusen y brain (singulative)
llus y brain
lus y brain (soft)


creiglus deurywiol

creiglus deurywiol
greiglus deurywiol (soft)
nghreiglus deurywiol
chreiglus deurywiol

mountain crowberries (Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum)


mwyar y brain

mwyar y brain f (collective, singulative mwyaren y brain)

mwyaren y brain (singulative)
mwyar y brain
fwyar y brain (soft)

Literally, “brambleberries of the crows”.

lit

Vaccinium myrtillus
Vaccinium myrtillus#Translingual

blueberries, whortleberries, huckleberries (Vaccinium myrtillus)


eurafal

eurafalau (plural)
eurafal
heurafal (prothesis-h)

(obsolete) Alternative form of aurafal (“orange”)


aurafal

aurafalau (plural)
aurafal
haurafal (prothesis-h)

aur (“gold”) + afal (“apple”); compare Breton aouraval and Cornish owraval.


llysiau Mair Fadlen

cy-noun

llysiau Mair Fadlen (collective, singulative llysieuyn Mair Fadlen)

Daucus carota
Daucus carota#Translingual


pubren

pubrod (plural)
pubren
bubren (soft)
mhubren
phubren


troed y cyw

troed y cyw
droed y cyw (soft)
nhroed y cyw
throed y cyw

hedge parsley, any plant of genus Torilis

especially common or spreading hedge-parsley (Torilis arvensis)

hen's-foot, carrot bur parsley (Caucalis platycarpos)

Portulaca oleracea
Portulaca oleracea#Translingual


perllys yr ŷd

perllys yr ŷd
berllys yr ŷd (soft)
mherllys yr ŷd
pherllys yr ŷd


carwas yr ŷd

carwas yr ŷd
garwas yr ŷd (soft)
ngharwas yr ŷd
charwas yr ŷd


carwy droellennog

carwy droellennog
garwy droellennog (soft)
ngharwy droellennog
charwy droellennog


carwas troellog

carwas troellog
garwas troellog (soft)
ngharwas troellog
charwas troellog