tomato

tomatos (plural)
tomato (mutation mutation-radical)
domato (mutation mutation-soft)
nhomato (mutation mutation-nasal)
thomato (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English tomato, from Spanish tomate, from Classical Nahuatl tomatl.


banana

bananas (plural)
banana (mutation mutation-radical)
fanana (mutation mutation-soft)
manana (mutation mutation-nasal)

From English banana, from Wolof banaana, via Portuguese and/or Spanish.


onion

onionyn (singulative)
onion (mutation mutation-radical)
honion (mutation prothesis-h)


melon

melonau (plural)
melons (plural)
melon (mutation mutation-radical)
felon (mutation mutation-soft)


mango

mangos (plural)
mango (mutation mutation-radical)
fango (mutation mutation-soft)


reis

Borrowed from Old French ris (possibly via Middle English rys, compare modern English rice).


balm

balmau (plural)
balm (mutation mutation-radical)
falm (mutation mutation-soft)
malm (mutation mutation-nasal)


brag

bragau (plural)
brag (mutation mutation-radical)
frag (mutation mutation-soft)
mrag (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh brac, from Proto-Brythonic *brag, from Proto-Celtic *mrakis. Cognate with Irish braich.


maro

maros (plural)
maro (mutation mutation-radical)
faro (mutation mutation-soft)


wy

wyau (plural)
wy (mutation mutation-radical)
hwy (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh wy, from Old Welsh ui, from Proto-Celtic *āwyom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm.


almon

almonau (plural)
almon (mutation mutation-radical)
halmon (mutation prothesis-h)


oren

Variant of oraen, back-formation of oraens, borrowed from English orange.


yta

cy-verb

yta (first-person singular present ytâf)

ytâf (first-person present singular)
ytâf (first-person future indicative present singular)
ytei (future indicative present second-person singular)
ytâ (future indicative present singular third-person)
ytawn (first-person future indicative plural present)
ytewch (future indicative plural present second-person)
ytânt (future indicative plural present third-person)
yteir (future impersonal indicative present)
ytawn (conditional first-person singular)
ytawn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ytait (conditional second-person singular)
ytait (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ytâi (conditional singular third-person)
ytâi (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ytaem (conditional first-person plural)
ytaem (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ytaech (conditional plural second-person)
ytaech (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ytaent (conditional plural third-person)
ytaent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
yteid (conditional impersonal)
yteid (imperfect impersonal indicative)
yteais (first-person preterite singular)
yteaist (preterite second-person singular)
ytaodd (preterite singular third-person)
ytasom (first-person plural preterite)
ytasoch (plural preterite second-person)
ytasant (plural preterite third-person)
ytawyd (impersonal preterite)
ytaswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
ytasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
ytasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
ytasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
ytasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
ytasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
ytasid (impersonal pluperfect)
ytesid (impersonal pluperfect)
ytawyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
yteych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
ytao (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ytaom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
ytaoch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ytaont (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ytaer (impersonal present subjunctive)
ytâ (imperative second-person singular)
ytaed (imperative singular third-person)
ytawn (first-person imperative plural)
ytewch (imperative plural second-person)
ytaent (imperative plural third-person)
ytaer (imperative impersonal)
yta (noun-from-verb)
ytedig (participle)
ytadwy (participle)
yta i (first-person future singular)
ytaf i (first-person future singular)
yti di (future second-person singular)
ytith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
ytiff e (future singular third-person)
ytwn ni (first-person future plural)
ytwch chi (future plural second-person)
ytan nhw (future plural third-person)
ytwn i (conditional first-person singular)
ytswn i (conditional first-person singular)
ytet ti (conditional second-person singular)
ytset ti (conditional second-person singular)
ytai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
ytsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
yten ni (conditional first-person plural)
ytsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
ytech chi (conditional plural second-person)
ytsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
yten nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ytsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
ytais i (first-person preterite singular)
ytes i (first-person preterite singular)
ytaist ti (preterite second-person singular)
ytest ti (preterite second-person singular)
ytodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
yton ni (first-person plural preterite)
ytoch chi (plural preterite second-person)
yton nhw (plural preterite third-person)
yta (imperative second-person singular)
ytwch (imperative plural second-person)
yta (mutation mutation-radical)
hyta (mutation prothesis-h)


indrawn

indrawn (mutation mutation-radical)
hindrawn (mutation prothesis-h)


aeron

cy-noun

aeron f (collective, singulative aeronen)

aeronen (singulative)
aeron (mutation mutation-radical)
haeron (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Brythonic *aɨron, from Proto-Celtic *agronā (“berries, sloes”) (collective). More at eirin.


mêr

mêr m (collective, singulative merion or meirion)

merion (singulative)
meirion (singulative)
mêr (mutation mutation-radical)
fêr (mutation mutation-soft)

From Proto-Celtic *smerus (“marrow”), from Proto-Indo-European *smérus (“grease”). Cognate with Irish smior.

(uncountable) marrow (substance inside bones which produces blood cells)


afal

afalau (plural)
afal (mutation mutation-radical)
hafal (mutation prothesis-h)

PIE word
 *h₂ébōl
From Middle Welsh aual, from Proto-Brythonic *aβal, from Proto-Celtic *abūl, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl. Cognate with Breton aval, Cornish aval, Irish úll, Manx ooyl, Scottish Gaelic ubhal and English apple (as well as Avalon).


afan

afanen (singulative)
afan (mutation mutation-radical)
hafan (mutation prothesis-h)


papaia

papaias (plural)
papaia (mutation mutation-radical)
bapaia (mutation mutation-soft)
mhapaia (mutation mutation-nasal)
phapaia (mutation mutation-aspirate)


cennin sifi

cennin sifi f (collective, singulative cenhinen sifi)

cenhinen sifi (singulative)
cennin sifi (mutation mutation-radical)
gennin sifi (mutation mutation-soft)
nghennin sifi (mutation mutation-nasal)
chennin sifi (mutation mutation-aspirate)


mafon

mafon f (collective, singulative mafonen)

mafonen (singulative)
mafon (mutation mutation-radical)
fafon (mutation mutation-soft)


cnau

cneuen (singulative)
cnau (mutation mutation-radical)
gnau (mutation mutation-soft)
nghnau (mutation mutation-nasal)
chnau (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *know, from Proto-Celtic *knūs. Compare English nut, Latin nux.


taten

tatws (plural)
tato (plural)
taten (mutation mutation-radical)
daten (mutation mutation-soft)
nhaten (mutation mutation-nasal)
thaten (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English potato with apheresis and an + -en suffix.


mefus

mefus f (collective, singulative mefusen)

mefusen (singulative)
mefus (mutation mutation-radical)
fefus (mutation mutation-soft)


ffrwyth

ffrwyth m (plural ffrwythau or ffrwythydd, not mutable)

From Proto-Brythonic *fruɨθ, borrowed from Latin frūctus. Compare Cornish froeth, Breton frouezh.


cucumer

cucumer m (plural cucumerau or cucumeri or cucumeriaid or cucumers)

cucumerau (plural)
cucumeri (plural)
cucumeriaid (plural)
cucumers (plural)
cucumer (mutation mutation-radical)
gucumer (mutation mutation-soft)
nghucumer (mutation mutation-nasal)
chucumer (mutation mutation-aspirate)

/kɨ̞ˈkɨ̞mɛr/

Learned borrowing from Latin cucumis. Doublet of ciwcymbr.


suran

suran f (collective, singulative suranen, not mutable)


pannas

pannas f (collective, singulative panasen)

panasen (singulative)
pannas (mutation mutation-radical)
bannas (mutation mutation-soft)
mhannas (mutation mutation-nasal)
phannas (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Possibly borrowed from French panais (“parsnip”).

Mae Owen yn hoffi pannas

6 phanasen heb eu croen ac wedi'u torri'n chwarteri

2020 July 25 (last accessed), S4C, archived from the original on 2020-07-25:

Pastinaca sativa
Pastinaca sativa#Translingual

parsnips, Pastinaca sativa var. hortensis

pannas y cawr

cow parsnip, hogweed (Heracleum sphondylium)


maip

meipen (singulative)
maip (mutation mutation-radical)
faip (mutation mutation-soft)

Borrowed from Old English nēp, cf. English neep.


mwyar

mwyar f (collective, singulative mwyaren)

mwyaren (singulative)
mwyar (mutation mutation-radical)
fwyar (mutation mutation-soft)

From Proto-Brythonic *muɨar (compare Cornish mor, Breton mouar), from Proto-Celtic *smiyoros (compare Irish sméar). Doublet of mieri (“brambles”).


ffa

ffa f (collective, singulative ffeuen or ffäen, not mutable)

ffeuen (singulative)
ffäen (singulative)

From Middle Welsh ffa, from Proto-Brythonic *fav, from Latin faba; compare Cornish faf, fa and Breton fav, fao.

gwymon ffa

bean-shaped seaweed, Scytosiphon lomentaria

rhwd ffa dringo

runner bean rust, Uromyces appendiculatus


llysau

llysau m (collective, singulative llysewyn)

llysewyn (singulative)
llysau (mutation mutation-radical)
lysau (mutation mutation-soft)


pys

pysen (singulative)
pys (mutation mutation-radical)
bys (mutation mutation-soft)
mhys (mutation mutation-nasal)
phys (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh pys, from Proto-Brythonic *pɨs, from Latin pisum (“pea”).


sisli

Myrrhis odorata
Myrrhis odorata#Translingual


mieri

mieri f (collective, singulative miaren or mieren or mierïen)

miaren (singulative)
mieren (singulative)
mierïen (singulative)
mieri (mutation mutation-radical)
fieri (mutation mutation-soft)

From Proto-Brythonic *muɨar (compare Cornish mor, Breton mouar), from Proto-Celtic *smiyoros. Doublet of mwyar (“blackberries”).


eirin

eirin f (collective, singulative eirinen)

eirinen (singulative)
eirin (mutation mutation-radical)
heirin (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh eirin, from Proto-Brythonic *ėɣrin, from Proto-Celtic *agrinyā, plural of *agrinyom (compare Cornish yryn, Breton irin, Irish airne (“sloe”)), from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₂ógeh₂ (“berry”) (compare Tocharian B oko (“fruit”), Old Church Slavonic агода (agoda, “berry”)).


grawnwin

cy-noun

grawnwin f (collective, singulative grawnwinen)

grawnwinen (singulative)
grawnwin (mutation mutation-radical)
rawnwin (mutation mutation-soft)
ngrawnwin (mutation mutation-nasal)


cnau cyll

cnau cyll f (collective, singulative cneuen gyll)

cneuen gyll (singulative)
cnau cyll (mutation mutation-radical)
gnau cyll (mutation mutation-soft)
nghnau cyll (mutation mutation-nasal)
chnau cyll (mutation mutation-aspirate)


ffrwchnedd

ffrwchnedd f (collective, singulative ffrwchnedden, not mutable)


letys

letys f (collective, singulative letysen, not mutable)


bresych

bresych f (collective, singulative bresychen)

bresychen (singulative)
bresych (mutation mutation-radical)
fresych (mutation mutation-soft)
mresych (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Middle Welsh bressych, from Proto-Brythonic *brėsɨx, from Vulgar Latin *brassicca, from Latin brassica.

Brassica oleracea var. capitata#Translingual

cabbages (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)


olif

olifau (plural)
olifs (plural)
olif (mutation mutation-radical)
holif (mutation prothesis-h)


pupur

puprau (plural)
pupur (mutation mutation-radical)
bupur (mutation mutation-soft)
mhupur (mutation mutation-nasal)
phupur (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Old English pipor, from Latin piper. Doublet of pybyr, directly from Latin.

(uncountable) pepper (spice and condiment)


grawnafal

grawnafalau (plural)
grawnafal (mutation mutation-radical)
rawnafal (mutation mutation-soft)
ngrawnafal (mutation mutation-nasal)

grawn (“grain”) + afal (“apple”), Calque of Latin pomum grānātum


wynwyn

wynwyn m (collective, singulative wynwynyn)

wynwynyn (singulative)
wynwyn (mutation mutation-radical)
hwynwyn (mutation prothesis-h)


cwinoa

cwinoa (mutation mutation-radical)
gwinoa (mutation mutation-soft)
nghwinoa (mutation mutation-nasal)
chwinoa (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English quinoa, from Spanish quinua, from Quechua kinwa.


cennin

cennin f (collective, singulative cenhinen)

cenhinen (singulative)
cennin (mutation mutation-radical)
gennin (mutation mutation-soft)
nghennin (mutation mutation-nasal)
chennin (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Old Welsh cennin, from Proto-Celtic *kasninā.


wnion

wnionyn (singulative)
wnion (mutation mutation-radical)
hwnion (mutation prothesis-h)


garlleg

head

garlleg m pl or f pl (masculine singulative garllegyn, feminine singulative garllegen)

garllegyn (masculine singulative)
garllegen (feminine singulative)
garlleg (mutation mutation-radical)
arlleg (mutation mutation-soft)
ngarlleg (mutation mutation-nasal)


grawnffrwyth

grawnffrwythau (plural)
grawnffrwyth (mutation mutation-radical)
rawnffrwyth (mutation mutation-soft)
ngrawnffrwyth (mutation mutation-nasal)

From grawnwin (“grapes”) + ffrwyth (“fruit”), a calque of English grapefruit.


gwenith

cy-noun

gwenith m (collective, singulative gwenithyn)

From Middle Welsh gwenith, from Proto-Brythonic *gwöniθ (compare Cornish gwaneth, Breton gwinizh) from Proto-Celtic *uɸo-nixtos, from Proto-Indo-European *neyk- (“to winnow”) (compare nithio (“to winnow”)). Suggestions that this word is a compound of gwyn (“white”) + ith (“grain”) fail to account for the lack of -nn- as would be expected before a vowel (compare gwynnu (“to whiten”).


iorwg

iorwg (mutation mutation-radical)
hiorwg (mutation prothesis-h)


efwr

efwr (mutation mutation-radical)
hefwr (mutation prothesis-h)


eiddew

eiddew (mutation mutation-radical)
heiddew (mutation prothesis-h)

From Middle Welsh eido, from Proto-Brythonic *eðenn, from Proto-Celtic *edennos, from Proto-Indo-European *pedn̥nos.


macon

cy-noun

macon f (collective, singulative maconen)

maconen (singulative)
macon (mutation mutation-radical)
facon (mutation mutation-soft)

Uncertain. Possibly cognate with magu (“to rear, to raise, to nuture”), or from earlier *bac, derived from Latin bāca (“berry, olive”).
If from Latin, the /m/ would be a backformation from the soft-mutated form facon, cf. mantais (“advantage”), melfaréd (“velveret”), melfed (“velvet”), mentr (“venture”), mursen (“coquette; damselfly”).


rhyg

rhygau (plural)
rhyg (mutation mutation-radical)
ryg (mutation mutation-soft)

From Old Welsh ryc, perhaps a borrowing of Old English ryġe.


haidd

haidd m (collective, singulative heidden, not mutable)


cafiâr

cafiâr (mutation mutation-radical)
gafiâr (mutation mutation-soft)
nghafiâr (mutation mutation-nasal)
chafiâr (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From English caviar, from French caviar, from Ottoman Turkish خاویار (havyar), probably from Persian خاویار (xâvyâr).


gronyn

gronyn m (plural gronynnau or gronynnos)

gronynnau (plural)
gronynnos (plural)
gronyn (mutation mutation-radical)
ronyn (mutation mutation-soft)
ngronyn (mutation mutation-nasal)

a single grain or seed, one of the grains of a cereal plant


afocado

afocados (plural)
afocado (mutation mutation-radical)
hafocado (mutation prothesis-h)


llus

llusen (singulative)
llus (mutation mutation-radical)
lus (mutation mutation-soft)

Vaccinium myrtillus
Vaccinium myrtillus#Translingual

Vaccinium myrtillus, bilberries, whinberries


llus America

llus America f (collective, singulative llusen America)

llusen America (singulative)
llus America (mutation mutation-radical)
lus America (mutation mutation-soft)


mwyar y Berwyn

mwyar y Berwyn f (collective, singulative mwyaren y Berwyn)

mwyaren y Berwyn (singulative)
mwyar y Berwyn (mutation mutation-radical)
fwyar y Berwyn (mutation mutation-soft)

Rubus chamaemorus
Rubus chamaemorus#Translingual


melon dŵr

melonau dŵr (plural)
melon dŵr (mutation mutation-radical)
felon dŵr (mutation mutation-soft)


pinafal

pinafalau (plural)
pinafal (mutation mutation-radical)
binafal (mutation mutation-soft)
mhinafal (mutation mutation-nasal)
phinafal (mutation mutation-aspirate)

pin (“pine”) + afal (“apple”). Calque of English pineapple


bricyll

bricyll f (collective, singulative bricyllen)

bricyllen (singulative)
bricyll (mutation mutation-radical)
fricyll (mutation mutation-soft)
mricyll (mutation mutation-nasal)

Alteration through aphesis and replacement of the final consonant of now obsolete English abrecock, from dialectal Catalan abrecoc, abricoc, variants of standard albercoc, from Arabic الْبَرْقُوق (al-barqūq, “plums”), from Byzantine Greek βερικοκκία (berikokkía, “apricot tree”), from Ancient Greek πραικόκιον (praikókion), from Late Latin (persica) praecocia (literally “(peaches) which ripen early”), (mālum) praecoquum (literally “(apple) which ripens early”).


datys

cy-noun

datys f (collective, singulative datysen)

datysen (singulative)
datys (mutation mutation-radical)
ddatys (mutation mutation-soft)
natys (mutation mutation-nasal)


ffigys

ffigys f (collective, singulative ffigysen, not mutable)


ceirios

ceirios f (collective, singulative ceiriosen)

ceiriosen (singulative)
ceirios (mutation mutation-radical)
geirios (mutation mutation-soft)
ngheirios (mutation mutation-nasal)
cheirios (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *kėres (perhaps from a late Proto-Celtic *keresyā) borrowed from Late Latin ceresia, from the neuter plural of ceresium, from Latin cerasium, from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry”), from κερασός (kerasós, “bird cherry”). Compare Cornish keres, Breton kerez.

der

Prunus subg. Cerasus
Prunus subg. Cerasus#Translingual


craf y geifr

craf y geifr (mutation mutation-radical)
graf y geifr (mutation mutation-soft)
nghraf y geifr (mutation mutation-nasal)
chraf y geifr (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From craf (“ramsons”) + y (“(of) the”) + geifr (“goats”). See English buckram for a similarly derived name, literally "buck's ramsons".


craf

craf (mutation mutation-radical)
graf (mutation mutation-soft)
nghraf (mutation mutation-nasal)
chraf (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], from Proto-Celtic *kremu- (reflecting the oblique zero-grade *kramo-), from Proto-Indo-European *kremus-. Cognate with Irish creamh, Scottish Gaelic creamh and Manx craue


syfi

cy-noun

syfi f (collective, singulative syfïen, not mutable)

From Proto-Celtic *subi. See Cornish sevi, Breton sivi, Irish sú.

(South Wales) strawberries, wild strawberries


egroes

egroes f (collective, singulative egroesen)

egroesen (singulative)
egroes (mutation mutation-radical)
hegroes (mutation prothesis-h)

dogrose hips (Rosa canina)

hips, rosehips, the fruit of the rose plant (Rosa)


rhynion

rhynion m (collective, singulative rhynionyn)

rhynionyn (singulative)
rhynion (mutation mutation-radical)
rynion (mutation mutation-soft)

From rhyn (“stiff, rigid; cold”) + -ion.


drysi

drysi f (collective, singulative drysïen)

drysïen (singulative)
drysi (mutation mutation-radical)
ddrysi (mutation mutation-soft)
nrysi (mutation mutation-nasal)

From d(y)rys (“tangled, thorny”) + -i. Cognate with Cornish dreys, Breton drez, Irish dris, Scottish Gaelic dris.

drysïen ddeupen

briar with two ends in the earth; two-headed briar


erfin

erfin f (collective, singulative erfinen)

erfinen (singulative)
erfin (mutation mutation-radical)
herfin (mutation prothesis-h)

From Proto-Brythonic *arbīn, metathesised from an earlier Proto-Brythonic *rabīno-.


ŷd

ydau (plural)
ŷd (mutation mutation-radical)
hŷd (mutation prothesis-h)

corn, grain, cereal (any cereal plant of the family Poaceae grown for grain)


ciwcymbr

ciwcymbrau (plural)
ciwcymbr (mutation mutation-radical)
giwcymbr (mutation mutation-soft)
nghiwcymbr (mutation mutation-nasal)
chiwcymbr (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from English cucumber. Doublet of cucumer.


eirin ysgaw

eirin ysgaw f (collective, singulative eirinen ysgaw)

eirinen ysgaw (singulative)
eirin ysgaw (mutation mutation-radical)
heirin ysgaw (mutation prothesis-h)

From eirin (“plums, berries”) + ysgaw (“elder”).


eirin Mair

cy-noun

eirin Mair f (collective, singulative eirinen Fair)

eirinen Fair (singulative)
eirin Mair (mutation mutation-radical)
heirin Mair (mutation prothesis-h)

From eirin (“plums, berries”) + Mair (“Mary”).


gwsberis

cy-noun

gwsberis f (collective, singulative gwsberen)

gwsberen (singulative)
gwsberis (mutation mutation-radical)
wsberis (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwsberis (mutation mutation-nasal)


eirin gwlanog

eirin gwlanog f (collective, singulative eirinen wlanog)

eirinen wlanog (singulative)
eirin gwlanog (mutation mutation-radical)
heirin gwlanog (mutation prothesis-h)

/ˌei̯rɪŋ ˈɡwlaːnɔɡ/

From eirin (“plums”) + gwlanog (“woolly”).


blodfresych

blodfresych f (collective, singulative blodfresychen)

blodfresychen (singulative)
blodfresych (mutation mutation-radical)
flodfresych (mutation mutation-soft)
mlodfresych (mutation mutation-nasal)

From blawd (“flowers”) + bresych (“cabbage”).

cauliflowers (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis)


afal cariad

afalau cariad (plural)
afal cariad (mutation mutation-radical)
hafal cariad (mutation prothesis-h)

From afal (“apple”) + cariad (“love”) i.e. "apple of love". Calque of English love apple and/or French pomme d’amour. Compare Cornish aval kerensa.


pwmpen

pwmpenni (plural)
pwmpen (mutation mutation-radical)
bwmpen (mutation mutation-soft)
mhwmpen (mutation mutation-nasal)
phwmpen (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From English pumpion, an archaic variant of pumpkin.


cnau Ffrengig

cnau Ffrengig f (collective, singulative cneuen Ffrengig)

cneuen Ffrengig (singulative)
cnau Ffrengig (mutation mutation-radical)
gnau Ffrengig (mutation mutation-soft)
nghnau Ffrengig (mutation mutation-nasal)
chnau Ffrengig (mutation mutation-aspirate)

/knaɨ̯ ˈfrɛŋɪɡ/


danadl poethion

danadl poethion f (collective, singulative danhadlen boeth)

danhadlen boeth (singulative)
danadl poethion (mutation mutation-radical)
ddanadl poethion (mutation mutation-soft)
nanadl poethion (mutation mutation-nasal)

From danadl (“nettles”) + poeth (“hot, burning”).

com

Urtica dioica
Urtica dioica#Translingual

stinging nettles, common nettles Urtica dioica


danadl

cy-noun

danadl f (collective, singulative danhadlen)

danhadlen (singulative)
danadl (mutation mutation-radical)
ddanadl (mutation mutation-soft)
nanadl (mutation mutation-nasal)

From a Proto-Celtic *ninatis by dissimilation. Cognate with Cornish linas, Breton linad, Irish neantóg and Scottish Gaelic deanntag. The relation with Proto-Germanic *natǭ is unclear.

blodyn-Mihangel dail danadl

nettle-leaved Michaelmas-daisy, Aster schreberi

cawod goch danadl

nettle clustercup rust, Puccinia urticata

clychlys dail danadl

nettle-leaved bellflower, Campanula trachelium

danadl dail

yellow archangel, Lamiastrum galeobdolon

danadl poethion

stinging nettle, common nettle, Urtica dioica

pannog dail danadl

nettle-leaved mullein, Verbascum chaixii

troed-yr-ŵydd dail danadl

nettle-leaved goosefoot, Chenopodium murale


marddanadl

marddanadl f (collective, singulative marddanhadlen)

marddanhadlen (singulative)
marddanadl (mutation mutation-radical)
farddanadl (mutation mutation-soft)

From marw (“dead”) + danadl (“nettles”). Calque of English deadnettle.


ceirch

ceirch f (collective, singulative ceirchen)

ceirchen (singulative)
ceirch (mutation mutation-radical)
geirch (mutation mutation-soft)
ngheirch (mutation mutation-nasal)
cheirch (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Middle Welsh keirch, from Proto-Brythonic *körx (compare Cornish kergh, Breton kerc'h), from Proto-Celtic *korkyos (compare Irish coirce), from Proto-Indo-European *kokro- (compare dialectal Swedish hagre, Ancient Greek κάχρυς (kákhrus)).


gwynnwy

gwynnwyau (plural)
gwynnwy (mutation mutation-radical)
wynnwy (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwynnwy (mutation mutation-nasal)


melynwy

melynwyau (plural)
melynwy (mutation mutation-radical)
felynwy (mutation mutation-soft)


rhuddygl

rhuddygl f (collective, singulative rhuddyglen)

rhuddyglen (singulative)
rhuddygl (mutation mutation-radical)
ruddygl (mutation mutation-soft)

/ˈr̥ɨ̞ðɨ̞ɡl/

[ˈr̥ɨ̞ðɨ̞ɡl̩]

Adapted from earlier rhadicl under influence from rhudd (“red”); a phono-semantic matching of New Latin rādīcula or rādīx.


artisiog

cy-noun

artisiog m (plural artisiogau or artisiogs)

artisiogau (plural)
artisiogs (plural)
artisiog (mutation mutation-radical)
hartisiog (mutation prothesis-h)


persli

persli (mutation mutation-radical)
bersli (mutation mutation-soft)
mhersli (mutation mutation-nasal)
phersli (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Borrowed from Middle English persely, from Old French peresil, from Latin petroselīnum, from Ancient Greek πετροσέλῑνον (petrosélīnon).

der

πετροσέλῑνον


lafant

Borrowed from Old French lavendre, perhaps via Middle English lavendre.


grawn

cy-noun

grawn m (collective, singulative gronyn)

gronyn (singulative)
grawn (mutation mutation-radical)
rawn (mutation mutation-soft)
ngrawn (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Brythonic *grọn, from Proto-Celtic *grānom, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm. Compare Breton greun, Irish grán, Latin grānum.


gwylaeth

gwylaeth m or f (plural gwylaethau or gwylaethion)

gwylaethau (plural)
gwylaethion (plural)

From gwo- + llaeth, due to the milky sap.


talch

talch m or f (collective, masculine singulative telchyn, feminine singulative talchen)

telchyn (masculine singulative)
talchen (feminine singulative)
talch (mutation mutation-radical)
dalch (mutation mutation-soft)
nhalch (mutation mutation-nasal)
thalch (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From Proto-Brythonic *talx (“pieces, fragments”)


corbys

cy-noun

corbys f (collective, singulative corbysen)

corbysen (singulative)
corbys (mutation mutation-radical)
gorbys (mutation mutation-soft)
nghorbys (mutation mutation-nasal)
chorbys (mutation mutation-aspirate)


lentys

Borrowed from English lentil. Doublet of lentyl.


lentyl

Borrowed from English lentil. Doublet of lentys.


ffacbys

ffacbys f (collective, singulative facbysen, not mutable)

facbysen (singulative)
ffacbys (mutation mutation-radical)


safri'r gaeaf

safri'r gaeaf f (uncountable, not mutable)


safri'r haf

safri'r haf f (uncountable, not mutable)

Satureja hortensis
Satureja hortensis#Translingual


safri'r gerddi

safri'r gerddi f (uncountable, not mutable)


drysi pêr

drysi pêr f (collective, singulative drysïen bêr)

drysi (“bramble, brier”) + pêr (“sweet”).

Rosa rubiginosa
Rosa rubiginosa#Translingual

Rosa eglanteria
Rosa eglanteria#Translingual

sweetbriers, eglantine (Rosa rubiginosa, syn. Rosa eglanteria)


bochgoch

hip, fruit of a rose
esp. of a dogrose (Rosa canina)


criafol y bwci

criafol y bwci f (collective, singulative criafolen y bwci)

criafolen y bwci (singulative)
criafol y bwci (mutation mutation-radical)
griafol y bwci (mutation mutation-soft)
nghriafol y bwci (mutation mutation-nasal)
chriafol y bwci (mutation mutation-aspirate)

From criafol (“rowanberries”) and bwci (“boggart, bogey”).

dogrose hips, the fruit of the dogrose plant (Rosa canina)


drys pêr

drys pêr f (collective, singulative drysen bêr)

Alternative form of drysi pêr (“sweetbriers”)


mieri'r mynydd

mieri'r mynydd f (collective, singulative mierïen y mynydd)

mierïen y mynydd (singulative)
mieri'r mynydd (mutation mutation-radical)
fieri'r mynydd (mutation mutation-soft)


nionyn

nionod (plural)
nionyn (mutation mutation-radical)

(North Wales) onion (Allium, esp. Allium cepa)


winwns

winwns m (collective, singulative winwnsyn)

winwnsyn (singulative)
winwns (mutation mutation-radical)
hwinwns (mutation prothesis-h)

(South Wales) onions (Allium, esp. Allium cepa)


afal y bwci

afalau'r bwci (plural)
afal y bwci (mutation mutation-radical)
hafal y bwci (mutation prothesis-h)

From afal (“apple”) and bwci (“boggart, bogey”).

rosehips, the fruit of the rose plant (Rosa canina)


dyfrforon

dyfrforon f (collective, singulative dyfrforonen)

dyfrforonen (singulative)
dyfrforon (mutation mutation-radical)
ddyfrforon (mutation mutation-soft)
nyfrforon (mutation mutation-nasal)


dyfrforon bach

dyfrforon bach f (collective, singulative dyfrforonen fach)

dyfrforonen fach (singulative)
dyfrforon bach (mutation mutation-radical)
ddyfrforon bach (mutation mutation-soft)
nyfrforon bach (mutation mutation-nasal)


cegid

cegid f (collective, singulative cegiden)

From the same source as cecys (“kex, hollow stalks”) Cornish cegas, English kex and Latin cicūta (“hemlock”).

Conium maculatum
Conium maculatum#Translingual

hemlock, (Conium spp.), especially poison hemlock (Conium maculatum)

cegid y dŵr

hemlock water-dropwort; water hemlock, cowbane


cegid

cegidau (plural)
cegid (mutation mutation-radical)
gegid (mutation mutation-soft)
nghegid (mutation mutation-nasal)
chegid (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Alternative form of cegin (“woodpecker; jay”).

altform

Picus viridis
Picus viridis#Translingual

woodpecker (Picidae), notably:
green woodpecker (Picus viridis)

great spotted woodpecker
great spotted woodpecker

Dendrocopos major
Dendrocopos major#Translingual

Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd
w:Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd

great spotted woodpecker, witwall (Dendrocopos major)

Garrulus glandarius
Garrulus glandarius#Translingual

Chloris chloris
Chloris chloris#Translingual


rhygwenith

rhygwenithyn (plural)
rhygwenith (mutation mutation-radical)
rygwenith (mutation mutation-soft)

/r̥əɡˈwɛnɪθ/

/r̥əɡˈweːnɪθ/

/r̥əɡˈwɛnɪθ/


india-corn

india-corn (mutation mutation-radical)
hindia-corn (mutation prothesis-h)


sorgwm

From English sorgum, from New Latin genus name Sorghum, from Italian sorgo, from Vulgar Latin *syricum (“Syrian”), from Sȳricus.


miled

miled (mutation mutation-radical)
filed (mutation mutation-soft)

millet (grain belonging to the tribe Paniceae, some species to Andropogoneae and Cynodonteae)


tsip

cy-noun

tsip m (plural tsips, diminutive tsipsen)

tsips (plural)
tsipsen (diminutive)
tsip (mutation mutation-radical)
jip (irregular mutation mutation-soft)

siop jips


sbelt

Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta#Translingual


ceirios gwynion

ceirios gwynion f (collective, singulative ceiriosen wen)

ceiriosen wen (singulative)
ceirios gwynion (mutation mutation-radical)
geirios gwynion (mutation mutation-soft)
ngheirios gwynion (mutation mutation-nasal)
cheirios gwynion (mutation mutation-aspirate)

white heart cherries, a cultivar of Prunus avium


palf y gath bali

palf y gath bali f or m (plural palfau y gath bali)

palfau y gath bali (plural)
palf y gath bali (mutation mutation-radical)
balf y gath bali (mutation mutation-soft)
mhalf y gath bali (mutation mutation-nasal)
phalf y gath bali (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Ajuga chamaepitys
Ajuga chamaepitys#Translingual

yellow bugle, ground pine (Ajuga chamaepitys)


palf y llew

palf y llew f or m (plural palfau y llew)

palfau y llew (plural)
palf y llew (mutation mutation-radical)
balf y llew (mutation mutation-soft)
mhalf y llew (mutation mutation-nasal)
phalf y llew (mutation mutation-aspirate)

common lady's mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris)


glesyn-y-coed pêr

glesyn-y-coed pêr (mutation mutation-radical)
lesyn-y-coed pêr (mutation mutation-soft)
nglesyn-y-coed pêr (mutation mutation-nasal)

Gwasg Carreg Gwalch
w:Gwasg Carreg Gwalch


troed y gath bali

troed y gath bali m or f (plural traed y gath bali)

traed y gath bali (plural)
troed y gath bali (mutation mutation-radical)
droed y gath bali (mutation mutation-soft)
nhroed y gath bali (mutation mutation-nasal)
throed y gath bali (mutation mutation-aspirate)


rhedyn Mair

rhedyn Mair f (collective, singulative rhedynen Fair)

rhedynen Fair (singulative)
rhedyn Mair (mutation mutation-radical)
redyn Mair (mutation mutation-soft)

rhedyn-Mair Alpaiddrhedyn-Mair Newman ()

lady ferns (Athyrium), especially common lady-ferns (Athyrium filix-femina)

Dryopteris filix-mas
Dryopteris filix-mas#Translingual

common male ferns, (Dryopteris filix-mas)

Osmunda regalis
Osmunda regalis#Translingual

Polypodium vulgare
Polypodium vulgare#Translingual

Myrrhis odorata
Myrrhis odorata#Translingual


ditaen Creta

ditaen Creta (mutation mutation-radical)
dditaen Creta (mutation mutation-soft)
nitaen Creta (mutation mutation-nasal)

dittany of Crete, hop marjoram (Origanum dictamnus)


creithig bêr

creithig bêr f (plural creithigau pêr or creithigau perion)

creithigau pêr (plural)
creithigau perion (plural)
creithig bêr (mutation mutation-radical)
greithig bêr (mutation mutation-soft)
nghreithig bêr (mutation mutation-nasal)
chreithig bêr (mutation mutation-aspirate)


creithig

creithig (mutation mutation-radical)
greithig (mutation mutation-soft)
nghreithig (mutation mutation-nasal)
chreithig (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Scandix pecten-veneris
Scandix pecten-veneris#Translingual

shepherd's needle, Venus's comb (Scandix pecten-veneris)


plwmws

plwmws f or m (collective, masculine singulative plwmsyn, feminine singulative plwmen or plwmsen)

plwmsyn (masculine singulative)
plwmen (feminine singulative)
plwmsen (feminine singulative)
plwmws (mutation mutation-radical)
blwmws (mutation mutation-soft)
mhlwmws (mutation mutation-nasal)
phlwmws (mutation mutation-aspirate)


meryswydd

meryswydd f (collective, singulative meryswydden)

meryswydden (singulative)
meryswydd (mutation mutation-radical)
feryswydd (mutation mutation-soft)

/mɛˈrəswɨ̞ð/

From merys (“medlar tree”) + gwŷdd (“trees”).

Mespilus germanica
Mespilus germanica#Translingual

common medlar trees (Mespilus germanica)


merysbren

merysbrennau (plural)
merysbren (mutation mutation-radical)
ferysbren (mutation mutation-soft)

From merys (“medlar tree”) + pren (“wood, tree”).


cedowydd

giant fennel (several plants of genus Ferula)


pengoch

pengoch (mutation mutation-radical)
bengoch (mutation mutation-soft)
mhengoch (mutation mutation-nasal)
phengoch (mutation mutation-aspirate)

(botany) Lamioideae (deadnettles and horehounds)


cegid perion

cy-noun

cegid perion f (collective, singulative cegiden bêr)

cegiden bêr (singulative)
cegid perion (mutation mutation-radical)
gegid perion (mutation mutation-soft)
nghegid perion (mutation mutation-nasal)
chegid perion (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Alternative form of cegid pêr (“sweet cicely”)


cegid gwynion

cegid gwynion f (collective, singulative cegiden wen)

cegiden wen (singulative)
cegid gwynion (mutation mutation-radical)
gegid gwynion (mutation mutation-soft)
nghegid gwynion (mutation mutation-nasal)
chegid gwynion (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Alternative form of cegid gwyn (“sweet cicely”)


cegid gwyn

cegid gwyn f (collective, singulative cegiden wen)

cegiden wen (singulative)
cegid gwyn (mutation mutation-radical)
gegid gwyn (mutation mutation-soft)
nghegid gwyn (mutation mutation-nasal)
chegid gwyn (mutation mutation-aspirate)


dibynlor cegidaidd

hemlock water-dropwort (Oenanthe crocata)


cegid pumbys

cegid pumbys f (collective, singulative cegiden bumbys)

Possibly an eggcorn of pumustl (“water hemlock”)..

Cicuta virosa
Cicuta virosa#Translingual


cegid pêr

cegid pêr f (collective, singulative cegiden bêr)

cegiden bêr (singulative)
cegid pêr (mutation mutation-radical)
gegid pêr (mutation mutation-soft)
nghegid pêr (mutation mutation-nasal)
chegid pêr (mutation mutation-aspirate)


cas gan fuwch

cas gan fuwch m (plural casiau gan fuwch)

casiau gan fuwch (plural)
cas gan fuwch (mutation mutation-radical)
gas gan fuwch (mutation mutation-soft)
nghas gan fuwch (mutation mutation-nasal)
chas gan fuwch (mutation mutation-aspirate)


gwyn y dillad

gwyn y dillad (mutation mutation-radical)
wyn y dillad (mutation mutation-soft)
ngwyn y dillad (mutation mutation-nasal)

cegid

creithig bêr


brelwg

brelwg (mutation mutation-radical)
frelwg (mutation mutation-soft)
mrelwg (mutation mutation-nasal)


cegid y dŵr

cegid y dŵr f (collective, singulative cegiden y dŵr)

cegiden y dŵr (singulative)
cegid y dŵr (mutation mutation-radical)
gegid y dŵr (mutation mutation-soft)
nghegid y dŵr (mutation mutation-nasal)
chegid y dŵr (mutation mutation-aspirate)


persli'r dŵr

persli'r dŵr (mutation mutation-radical)
bersli'r dŵr (mutation mutation-soft)
mhersli'r dŵr (mutation mutation-nasal)
phersli'r dŵr (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Apium graveolens
Apium graveolens#Translingual

one of several members of the celery family, including:

smallage, wild celery (Apium graveolens)


buladd

buladd (mutation mutation-radical)
fuladd (mutation mutation-soft)
muladd (mutation mutation-nasal)


cegid cyffredin

cegid cyffredin f (collective, singulative cegiden gyffredin)

cegiden gyffredin (singulative)
cegid cyffredin (mutation mutation-radical)
gegid cyffredin (mutation mutation-soft)
nghegid cyffredin (mutation mutation-nasal)
chegid cyffredin (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Conium maculatum
Conium maculatum#Translingual


cegid fenyw

cegid fenyw f (collective, singulative cegiden feyw)

cegiden feyw (singulative)
cegid fenyw (mutation mutation-radical)
gegid fenyw (mutation mutation-soft)
nghegid fenyw (mutation mutation-nasal)
chegid fenyw (mutation mutation-aspirate)

Anthriscus sylvestris
Anthriscus sylvestris#Translingual


cysblys

cysblys (mutation mutation-radical)
gysblys (mutation mutation-soft)
nghysblys (mutation mutation-nasal)
chysblys (mutation mutation-aspirate)

cysb (“grass tetany”) + llys (“herb, wort”).


dibynlor

dibyn (“dangling, precipitous”) + llawr (“floor”).


cegid dail persli

cy-noun

cegid dail persli f (collective, singulative cegiden dail persli)

parsley water-dropwort (Oenanthe lachenalii)


cegid pibellaidd

cegid pibellaidd f (collective, singulative cegiden bibellaidd)

tubular water-dropwort (Oenanthe fistulosa)


cegid yr afon

cegid yr afon f (collective, singulative cegiden yr afon)

river water-dropwort (Oenanthe fluviatilis)


perllys

perllys (mutation mutation-radical)
berllys (mutation mutation-soft)
mherllys (mutation mutation-nasal)
pherllys (mutation mutation-aspirate)

pêr (“sweet”) + llys (“herb”). May be a phono-semantically matched alteration of persli.

Petroselinum crispum
Petroselinum crispum#Translingual


pyglys

pyglys (mutation mutation-radical)
byglys (mutation mutation-soft)
mhyglys (mutation mutation-nasal)
phyglys (mutation mutation-aspirate)

pyg (“pitch, turpentine”) + llys (“herb, wort”).

com

hog's fennel, sulphurweed (Peucedanum officinale)


poncin

poncin (mutation mutation-radical)
boncin (mutation mutation-soft)
mhoncin (mutation mutation-nasal)
phoncin (mutation mutation-aspirate)


pomcin

pomciniaid (plural)
pomcin (mutation mutation-radical)
bomcin (mutation mutation-soft)
mhomcin (mutation mutation-nasal)
phomcin (mutation mutation-aspirate)


ffenigl-y-moch llaethog

cy-noun

ffenigl-y-moch llaethog m (uncountable, not mutable)

Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd
w:Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd

milk parsley, marsh hog's fennel (Peucedanum palustre)


llaethberllys Caergrawnt

llaethberllys Caergrawnt m (uncountable)

llaethberllys Caergrawnt (mutation mutation-radical)
laethberllys Caergrawnt (mutation mutation-soft)

Cambridge milk-parsley (Selinum carvifolia)


llaethberllys

llaethberllys (mutation mutation-radical)
laethberllys (mutation mutation-soft)

especially milk parsley, marsh hog's fennel (Peucedanum palustre)


ffenigl y moch

ffenigl y moch m (uncountable, not mutable)


ffenigl

Foeniculum vulgare
Foeniculum vulgare#Translingual


ffenigl-y-moch gwridog

ffenigl-y-moch gwridog m (uncountable, not mutable)