vật lí cổ điển

[vət̚˧˨ʔ li˧˦ ko˧˩ ʔɗiən˧˩]

[vək̚˨˩ʔ lɪj˨˩˦ kow˧˨ ʔɗiəŋ˧˨]

[vək̚˨˩˨ lɪj˦˥ kow˨˩˦ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˦]

[jək̚˨˩˨ lɪj˦˥ kow˨˩˦ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˦]

vật lí (“physics”) + cổ điển (“classical”).


tài chính hóa

Traditional tone placement spelling of tài chính hoá.


tài chính hoá

[taːj˨˩ t͡ɕïŋ˧˦ hwaː˧˦]

[taːj˦˩ t͡ɕɨn˦˧˥ hwaː˨˩˦]

[taːj˨˩ cɨn˦˥ waː˦˥]

(economics) to financialize (conversion of intangible value into financial instruments)


chủ nghĩa tân cổ điển

[t͡ɕu˧˩ ŋiə˦ˀ˥ tən˧˧ ko˧˩ ʔɗiən˧˩]

[t͡ɕʊw˧˨ ŋiə˧˨ təŋ˧˧ kow˧˨ ʔɗiəŋ˧˨]

[cʊw˨˩˦ ŋiə˨˩˦ təŋ˧˧ kow˨˩˦ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˦]

chủ nghĩa (“ideology”) + tân cổ điển (“neoclassical”).


tân cổ điển

[tən˧˧ ko˧˩ ʔɗiən˧˩]

[təŋ˧˧ kow˧˨ ʔɗiəŋ˧˨]

[təŋ˧˧ kow˨˩˦ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 新 (“neo-”) and 古典 (“classical”).


tân cổ điển

[tən˧˧ ko˧˩ ʔɗiən˧˩]

[təŋ˧˧ kow˧˨ ʔɗiəŋ˧˨]

[təŋ˧˧ kow˨˩˦ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˦]


suốt đời

[suət̚˧˦ ʔɗəːj˨˩]

[ʂuək̚˦˧˥ ʔɗəːj˦˩]

[suək̚˦˧˥ ʔɗəːj˦˩]

[ʂuək̚˦˥ ʔɗəːj˨˩]

[suək̚˦˥ ʔɗəːj˨˩]


chủ nghĩa tự do mới

[t͡ɕu˧˩ ŋiə˦ˀ˥ tɨ˧˨ʔ zɔ˧˧ məːj˧˦]

[t͡ɕʊw˧˨ ŋiə˧˨ tɨ˨˩ʔ jɔ˧˧ məːj˨˩˦]

[cʊw˨˩˦ ŋiə˨˩˦ tɨ˨˩˨ jɔ˧˧ məːj˦˥]

Calque from Chinese 新自由主義／新自由主义 (tân tự do chủ nghĩa).
From chủ nghĩa tự do (“liberalism”) + mới (“new”); it results from parsing 新自由主義 as 新 (“new”) and 自由主義 (“liberalism”) and so means literally, “new ideology of freedom; new liberalism”.
Meanwhile, parsing 新自由主義 as 新自由 and 主義 yields its cognate and synonym chủ nghĩa tân tự do, which means literally, “ideology of new freedom”.

zh-l

新自由主義／新自由主义 (tân tự do chủ nghĩa)


chủ nghĩa duy tâm

[t͡ɕu˧˩ ŋiə˦ˀ˥ zwi˧˧ təm˧˧]

[t͡ɕʊw˧˨ ŋiə˧˨ jwɪj˧˧ təm˧˧]

[cʊw˨˩˦ ŋiə˨˩˦ j⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˧˧ təm˧˧]

chủ nghĩa + duy tâm, calque of Chinese 唯心主義／唯心主义 (duy tâm chủ nghĩa).

cal

Friedrich Engels (1962) [1886] chapter II, in Ludwig Feuerbach und der Ausgang der klassischen deutschen Philosophie [Ludwig Feuerbach and the End of Classical German Philosophy] (Marx-Engels-Werke), volume 21; English translation from 1990 Marx/Engels Collected Works, volume 26; Vietnamese translation from 1995 C. Mác Và Ph. Ăng-ghen Toàn Tập, volume 21
Những người quả quyết rằng tinh thần có trước tự nhiên, [...] những người đó là thuộc phe chủ nghĩa duy tâm. Còn những người cho rằng tự nhiên là cái có trước thì thuộc các học phái khác nhau của chủ nghĩa duy vật.
Those who asserted the primacy of the mind over nature … comprised the camp of idealism. The others, who regarded nature as primary, belong to the various schools of materialism.


Thốt Nốt

[tʰok̚˦˧˥ nok̚˦˧˥]


vô sản toàn thế giới, đoàn kết lại

Vô sản toàn thế giới (canonical)
đoàn kết lại! (canonical)

[vo˧˧ saːn˧˩ twaːn˨˩ tʰe˧˦ zəːj˧˦ ʔɗwaːn˨˩ ket̚˧˦ laːj˧˨ʔ]

[vow˧˧ ʂaːŋ˧˨ twaːŋ˦˩ tʰej˨˩˦ jəːj˨˩˦ ʔɗwaːŋ˦˩ ket̚˦˧˥ laːj˨˩ʔ]

[vow˧˧ saːŋ˧˨ twaːŋ˦˩ tʰej˨˩˦ jəːj˨˩˦ ʔɗwaːŋ˦˩ ket̚˦˧˥ laːj˨˩ʔ]

[vow˧˧ ʂaːŋ˨˩˦ t⁽ʷ⁾aːŋ˨˩ tʰej˦˥ jəːj˦˥ ʔɗwaːŋ˨˩ kəːt̚˦˥ laːj˨˩˨]

[jow˧˧ saːŋ˨˩˦ t⁽ʷ⁾aːŋ˨˩ tʰej˦˥ jəːj˦˥ ʔɗwaːŋ˨˩ kəːt̚˦˥ laːj˨˩˨]

Workers of the world, unite
workers of the world, unite


thiều

Netuma thalassina
Netuma thalassina#Translingual


kính chúc

[kïŋ˧˦ t͡ɕʊwk͡p̚˧˦]

[kɨn˦˧˥ t͡ɕʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[kɨn˦˥ cʊwk͡p̚˦˥]

(formal) to sincerely wish; to fervently wish


cá thiều

[kaː˧˦ tʰiəw˨˩]

[kaː˨˩˦ tʰiw˦˩]


bảng hiệu

tấm (classifier)
cái (classifier)
榜號 (CJK)

[ʔɓaːŋ˧˩ hiəw˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓaːŋ˧˨ hiw˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓaːŋ˨˩˦ hiw˨˩˨]

a signboard or marquee for a business and/or store, displaying relevant information for said business


nghiệt chủng

[ŋiət̚˧˨ʔ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˩]

[ŋiək̚˨˩ʔ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˨]

[ŋiək̚˨˩˨ cʊwŋ͡m˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 孽 and 種.
Apparently influenced by/modelled after nghiệp chủng (業種), another word found chiefly in religious or fictional contexts.

(literary, chiefly Chinese fiction, derogatory) abomination; freak


Hồng bảo thư

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓaːw˧˩ tʰɨ˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɓaːw˧˨ tʰɨ˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓaːw˨˩˦ tʰɨ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 紅寶書, composed of 紅 (“red”), 寶 (“precious”) and 書 (“book”).

vi-etym-sino

(communism) Little Red Book (a book of statements from speeches and writings by Mao Zedong)


cổ thụ

[ko˧˩ tʰu˧˨ʔ]

[kow˧˨ tʰʊw˨˩ʔ]

[kow˨˩˦ tʰʊw˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 古 (“old”) and 樹 (“tree”).


tô điểm

[to˧˧ ʔɗiəm˧˩]

[tow˧˧ ʔɗiəm˧˨]

[tow˧˧ ʔɗim˨˩˦]

to adorn; to embellish; to decorate; to beautify by adding more color


bờ bến

[ʔɓəː˨˩ ʔɓen˧˦]

[ʔɓəː˦˩ ʔɓen˦˧˥]

[ʔɓəː˨˩ ʔɓəːn˦˥]

không bờ bến


ngủm củ tỏi

[ŋum˧˩ ku˧˩ tɔj˧˩]

[ŋum˧˨ kʊw˧˨ tɔj˧˨]

[ŋʊm˨˩˦ kʊw˨˩˦ tɔj˨˩˦]

09/02/2018, Sáu Bến Đình, Ngọc Hoàng đẹp ý, Báo Bà Rịa – Vũng Tàu điện tử

Many carp dropped into rivers, lakes are… dead because of excessive pollution!

Không ít cá chép thả xuống sông, hồ là… ngỏm củ tỏi vì ô nhiễm quá mức!


nhà ở

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔəː˧˩]

[ɲaː˦˩ ʔəː˧˨]

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔəː˨˩˦]


phân khoa

[fəŋ˧˧ kʰwaː˧˧]

[fəŋ˧˧ xwaː˧˧]

[fəŋ˧˧ kʰwaː˧˧]

[fəŋ˧˧ xwaː˧˧]

a branch (of a discipline); a department


trịnh trọng

[t͡ɕïŋ˧˨ʔ t͡ɕawŋ͡m˧˨ʔ]

[ʈɨn˨˩ʔ ʈawŋ͡m˨˩ʔ]

[ʈɨn˨˩ʔ ʈɔŋ˨˩ʔ]

[ʈɨn˨˩˨ ʈawŋ͡m˨˩˨]


đế chế

[ʔɗe˧˦ t͡ɕe˧˦]

[ʔɗej˨˩˦ t͡ɕej˨˩˦]


giá trị trao đổi

[zaː˧˦ t͡ɕi˧˨ʔ t͡ɕaːw˧˧ ʔɗoj˧˩]

[jaː˨˩˦ ʈɪj˨˩ʔ ʈaːw˧˧ ʔɗoj˧˨]

[jaː˦˥ ʈɪj˨˩˨ ʈaːw˧˧ ʔɗoj˨˩˦]

giá trị (“value”) + trao đổi (“to exchange”).


còn lại

[kɔn˨˩ laːj˧˨ʔ]

[kɔŋ˦˩ laːj˨˩ʔ]

[kɔŋ˨˩ laːj˨˩˨]

(of a collection or group) the part remaining after a portion has been removed; the remainder


còn lại

[kɔn˨˩ laːj˧˨ʔ]

[kɔŋ˦˩ laːj˨˩ʔ]

[kɔŋ˨˩ laːj˨˩˨]


phân công lao động

[fən˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˧ laːw˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ]

[fəŋ˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˧ laːw˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ]

[fəŋ˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˧ laːw˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩˨]

phân công (“to assign, to allot”) + lao động (“labour”).


trùn quế

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˨˩ wej˦˥]


lạc đàn

[laːk̚˧˨ʔ ʔɗaːn˨˩]

[laːk̚˨˩ʔ ʔɗaːŋ˦˩]

[laːk̚˨˩˨ ʔɗaːŋ˨˩]

to stray from and become lost from (e.g. a herd, a flock, etc.)


mong ước

[mawŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɨək̚˧˦]

[mawŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɨək̚˦˧˥]

[mɔŋ˧˧ ʔɨək̚˦˧˥]

[mawŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɨək̚˦˥]


mong ước

[mawŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɨək̚˧˦]

[mawŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɨək̚˦˧˥]

[mɔŋ˧˧ ʔɨək̚˦˧˥]

[mawŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɨək̚˦˥]


thời đại đồ đá

head

thời đại đồ đá

thời đại đồ đá

vi-noun

thời đại đồ đá

thời đại đồ đá

[tʰəːj˨˩ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ ʔɗo˨˩ ʔɗaː˧˦]

[tʰəːj˦˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɗow˦˩ ʔɗaː˨˩˦]

[tʰəːj˨˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʔɗow˨˩ ʔɗaː˦˥]

thời đại (“age, era, period”) + đồ (“stuff, things”) + đá (“stone”).

com

(archaeology, paleontology) the Stone Age


thời đại đồ đá cũ

head

thời đại đồ đá cũ

thời đại đồ đá cũ

vi-noun

thời đại đồ đá cũ

thời đại đồ đá cũ

[tʰəːj˨˩ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ ʔɗo˨˩ ʔɗaː˧˦ ku˦ˀ˥]

[tʰəːj˦˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɗow˦˩ ʔɗaː˨˩˦ kʊw˧˨]

[tʰəːj˨˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʔɗow˨˩ ʔɗaː˦˥ kʊw˨˩˦]

thời đại (“age, era, period”) + đồ (“stuff, things”) + đá (“stone”) + cũ (“old”).

com

(archaeology, paleontology) Paleolithic; Old Stone Age; Palaeolithic


bán đảo Đông Dương

head

bán đảo Đông Dương • (半島東洋)

vi-proper noun

bán đảo Đông Dương • (半島東洋)

[ʔɓaːn˧˦ ʔɗaːw˧˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓaːŋ˦˧˥ ʔɗaːw˧˨ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓaːŋ˦˥ ʔɗaːw˨˩˦ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

bán đảo (“peninsula”) + Đông Dương (“Indochina”).

com

mainland Southeast Asia; Indochina; Indochinese Peninsula


cười chê

[kɨəj˨˩ t͡ɕe˧˧]

[kɨj˦˩ t͡ɕej˧˧]

cười (“to laugh”) + chê (“to belittle”).

to mock; to ridicule; to sneer at; to laugh at


sắp tới

[sap̚˧˦ təːj˧˦]

[ʂap̚˦˧˥ təːj˨˩˦]

[sap̚˦˧˥ təːj˨˩˦]

[ʂap̚˦˥ təːj˦˥]

[sap̚˦˥ təːj˦˥]


sắp tới

[sap̚˧˦ təːj˧˦]

[ʂap̚˦˧˥ təːj˨˩˦]

[sap̚˦˧˥ təːj˨˩˦]

[ʂap̚˦˥ təːj˦˥]

[sap̚˦˥ təːj˦˥]


rau càng cua

[zaw˧˧ kaːŋ˨˩ kuə˧˧]

[ʐaw˧˧ kaːŋ˦˩ kuə˧˧]

[ɹa(ː)w˧˧ kaːŋ˨˩ kuə˧˧]

rau (“leaf vegetable”) + càng (“pincer”) + cua (“crab”).

(botany) pepper elder (Peperomia pellucida)


bánh dầy

[ʔɓajŋ̟˧˦ zəj˨˩]

[ʔɓɛɲ˦˧˥ jəj˦˩]

[ʔɓan˦˥ jəj˨˩]


đồng rêu

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ zew˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ ʐew˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ ɹew˧˧]

đồng (“field”) + rêu (“moss”).
In the sense of "tundra", calque of Chinese 苔原 (đài nguyên).


mờ ảo

[məː˨˩ ʔaːw˧˩]

[məː˦˩ ʔaːw˧˨]

[məː˨˩ ʔaːw˨˩˦]


phủ xanh

[fʊw˧˨ sɛɲ˧˧]

to plant trees on large scale; to reforest


hoa đăng

[hwaː˧˧ ʔɗaŋ˧˧]

[hwaː˧˧ ʔɗaŋ˧˧]

[waː˧˧ ʔɗaŋ˧˧]

a flower-shaped lantern, which can float on water


bon chen

[ʔɓɔn˧˧ t͡ɕɛn˧˧]

[ʔɓɔŋ˧˧ t͡ɕɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓɔŋ˧˧ cɛŋ˧˧]


lên hương

[len˧˧ hɨəŋ˧˧]

[len˧˧ hɨəŋ˧˧]

[ləːn˧˧ hɨəŋ˧˧]

lên + hương. hương (鄉) is an obsolete administrative unit and can be translated as "township".
The phrase describes the action of someone from the countryside coming to an urban area.

Nhà nó trúng số độc đắc, giờ cứ gọi là lên hương.

They hit jackpot with the lottery draws, now they're in a different league, man.

to experience a sudden jump upward in terms of materialistic living standard


hình thù

[hïŋ˨˩ tʰu˨˩]

[hɨn˦˩ tʰʊw˦˩]

[hɨn˨˩ tʰʊw˨˩]


trắng mịn

[t͡ɕaŋ˧˦ min˧˨ʔ]

[ʈaŋ˦˧˥ min˨˩ʔ]

[ʈaŋ˦˥ mɨn˨˩˨]


đời thường

[ʔɗəːj˨˩ tʰɨəŋ˨˩]

[ʔɗəːj˦˩ tʰɨəŋ˦˩]

[ʔɗəːj˨˩ tʰɨəŋ˨˩]


rạn san hô

[ʐaːŋ˨˩ʔ ʂaːŋ˧˧ how˧˧]

[ʐaːŋ˨˩ʔ saːŋ˧˧ how˧˧]

[ɹaːŋ˨˩˨ ʂaːŋ˧˧ how˧˧]

[ɹaːŋ˨˩˨ saːŋ˧˧ how˧˧]


hiển hách

[hiəŋ˧˨ hat̚˦˧˥]

[hiəŋ˨˩˦ hat̚˦˥]


quan trắc

[kwaːŋ˧˧ ʈak̚˦˧˥]

[waːŋ˧˧ ʈak̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 觀測, from Japanese 観測 (kansoku).


ngoại xâm

[ŋwaːj˧˨ʔ səm˧˧]

[ŋwaːj˨˩ʔ səm˧˧]

[ŋwaːj˨˩˨ səm˧˧]


lục lăng

[lʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ laŋ˧˧]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ laŋ˧˧]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨ laŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-lục lăng.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 六 (“six”) and 棱 (“arris, edge, corner”).

vi-etym-sino

(slang, obsolete, Southern Vietnam) a gangster, an homeless guy who causes trouble


lục lăng

[lʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ laŋ˧˧]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ laŋ˧˧]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨ laŋ˧˧]

(slang, obsolete, Southern Vietnam) aggressive, stubborn, tameless


một quốc gia, hai chế độ

[mot̚˧˨ʔ kuək̚˧˦ zaː˧˧ haːj˧˧ t͡ɕe˧˦ ʔɗo˧˨ʔ]

[mok̚˨˩ʔ kuək̚˦˧˥ jaː˧˧ haːj˧˧ t͡ɕej˨˩˦ ʔɗow˨˩ʔ]

[mok̚˨˩˨ wək̚˦˥ jaː˧˧ haːj˧˧ cej˦˥ ʔɗow˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-một quốc gia, hai chế độ.wav

Calque of Chinese 一國兩制／一国两制 (nhất quốc lưỡng chế).

cal

one country, two systems
one country, two systems

"one country, two systems" (the principle that Hong Kong and Macau can have political and economic systems distinct from Mainland China's socialism)


du lịch bụi

[zu˧˧ lïk̟̚˧˨ʔ ʔɓuj˧˨ʔ]

[jʊw˧˧ lɨt̚˨˩ʔ ʔɓuj˨˩ʔ]

[jʊw˧˧ lɨt̚˨˩˨ ʔɓuj˨˩˨]


tung tăng

[tʊwŋ͡m˧˧ taŋ˧˧]

[tʊwŋ͡m˧˧ taŋ˧˧]

[tʊwŋ͡m˧˧ taŋ˧˧]


nô nức

[no˧˧ nɨk̚˧˦]

[now˧˧ nɨk̚˦˧˥]


túc từ

[tʊwk͡p̚˧˦ tɨ˨˩]

[tʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥ tɨ˦˩]

[tʊwk͡p̚˦˥ tɨ˨˩]


đầu ra

[ʔɗəw˨˩ zaː˧˧]

[ʔɗəw˦˩ ʐaː˧˧]

[ʔɗəw˨˩ ɹaː˧˧]


thả ga

[tʰaː˧˩ ɣaː˧˧]

[tʰaː˧˨ ɣaː˧˧]

[tʰaː˨˩˦ ɣaː˧˧]

thả (“to let go of”) + ga (“fuel-air mixture that powers a vehicle”), literally “to go full throttle”

com

Thứ 6 đến rồi ! Anh em ta nhậu thả ga thôi !

It's Friday! We're gonna be partying our asses off!

to one's heart's content
to one's heart's content#English


đa ngành

[ʔɗaː˧˧ ŋajŋ̟˨˩]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ ŋɛɲ˦˩]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ ŋan˨˩]


cá bông lau

[kaː˧˦ ʔɓəwŋ͡m˧˧ law˧˧]

[kaː˨˩˦ ʔɓəwŋ͡m˧˧ law˧˧]

[kaː˦˥ ʔɓəwŋ͡m˧˧ la(ː)w˧˧]

cá (“fish”) + bông lau.
The Đại Nam quấc âm tự vị (1895) defined bông lau as "Vẻ xen lộn có đen có trắng; bông cây lau" ("the appearance is a mix of black and white; reed flowers"). The intended sense is likely the first one, thus probably "black-and-white fish".

Pangasius krempfi
Pangasius krempfi#Translingual

a type of shark catfish, Pangasius krempfi


tiền vàng mã

[tiən˨˩ vaːŋ˨˩ maː˦ˀ˥]

[tiəŋ˦˩ vaːŋ˦˩ maː˧˨]

[tiəŋ˨˩ vaːŋ˨˩ maː˨˩˦]

[tiəŋ˨˩ jaːŋ˨˩ maː˨˩˦]


đồ mã

[ʔɗo˨˩ maː˦ˀ˥]

[ʔɗow˦˩ maː˧˨]

[ʔɗow˨˩ maː˨˩˦]


chủ nghĩa hoài nghi

[t͡ɕu˧˩ ŋiə˦ˀ˥ hwaːj˨˩ ŋi˧˧]

[t͡ɕʊw˧˨ ŋiə˧˨ hwaːj˦˩ ŋɪj˧˧]

[cʊw˨˩˦ ŋiə˨˩˦ waːj˨˩ ŋɪj˧˧]

chủ nghĩa + hoài nghi, calque of Chinese 懷疑主義／怀疑主义 (hoài nghi chủ nghĩa).


tiệm cận

[tiəm˧˨ʔ kən˧˨ʔ]

[tiəm˨˩ʔ kəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[tim˨˩˨ kəŋ˨˩˨]

(uncommon) to gradually become close to; to approach


tiệm cận

[tiəm˧˨ʔ kən˧˨ʔ]

[tiəm˨˩ʔ kəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[tim˨˩˨ kəŋ˨˩˨]


hờ

che hờ

buộc hờ


hờ

vợ chồng hờ

a legally married couple who has no real conjugal relationship with each other and mostly uses their legal relationship as a front to society

with no substance; without actual relationship


đê điều

[ʔɗe˧˧ ʔɗiəw˨˩]

[ʔɗej˧˧ ʔɗiw˦˩]

[ʔɗej˧˧ ʔɗiw˨˩]

(geology) dams and embankments (generally speaking)


sử sách

[sɨ˧˩ sajk̟̚˧˦]

[ʂɨ˧˨ ʂat̚˦˧˥]

[sɨ˧˨ sat̚˦˧˥]

[ʂɨ˨˩˦ ʂat̚˦˥]

[sɨ˨˩˦ sat̚˦˥]

(historiography) history; chronicles; annals


Tam Hoàng Ngũ Đế

[taːm˧˧ hwaːŋ˨˩ ŋu˦ˀ˥ ʔɗe˧˦]

[taːm˧˧ hwaːŋ˦˩ ŋʊw˧˨ ʔɗej˨˩˦]

[taːm˧˧ waːŋ˨˩ ŋʊw˨˩˦ ʔɗej˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 三皇五帝, composed of 三皇 (“Three Sovereigns”) and 五帝 (“Five Emperors”).

vi-etym-sino

(Chinese mythology) the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors


Ngũ Đế

[ŋu˦ˀ˥ ʔɗe˧˦]

[ŋʊw˧˨ ʔɗej˨˩˦]

[ŋʊw˨˩˦ ʔɗej˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 五帝, composed of 五 and 帝.


Tam Hoàng

[taːm˧˧ waːŋ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 三皇, composed of 三 and 皇.

(Chinese mythology) the Three Sovereigns


thời đại đồ sắt

head

thời đại đồ sắt

thời đại đồ sắt

vi-noun

thời đại đồ sắt

thời đại đồ sắt

[tʰəːj˨˩ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ ʔɗo˨˩ sat̚˧˦]

[tʰəːj˦˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɗow˦˩ ʂak̚˦˧˥]

[tʰəːj˦˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɗow˦˩ sak̚˦˧˥]

[tʰəːj˨˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʔɗow˨˩ ʂak̚˦˥]

[tʰəːj˨˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʔɗow˨˩ sak̚˦˥]

thời đại (“age, era, period”) + đồ (“stuff, things”) + sắt (“iron”).


Nam Hán

[naːm˧˧ haːŋ˦˧˥]

[naːm˧˧ haːŋ˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 南漢, composed of 南 and 漢.


thưng

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 升 (SV: thăng).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">thăng</i>

vi-etym-sino

(dry measure) the quantity which fills a full thưng, often said to be 1/10 of a đấu but can vary


thưng

to use planks or bamboo sheets to separate spaces within a house


lúa nước

[luə˧˦ nɨək̚˧˦]

[luə˨˩˦ nɨək̚˦˧˥]

[luə˦˥ nɨək̚˦˥]


gạo nếp

[ɣaːw˧˨ʔ nep̚˧˦]

[ɣaːw˨˩ʔ nep̚˦˧˥]

[ɣaːw˨˩˨ nep̚˦˥]


gạo tẻ

[ɣaːw˧˨ʔ tɛ˧˩]

[ɣaːw˨˩ʔ tɛ˧˨]

[ɣaːw˨˩˨ tɛ˨˩˦]


ngò om

[ŋɔ˨˩ ʔɔm˧˧]

[ŋɔ˦˩ ʔɔm˧˧]

[ŋɔ˨˩ ʔɔm˧˧]


mắm ruốc

[mam˦˧˥ ʐuək̚˦˧˥]

[mam˦˥ ɹuək̚˦˥]

shrimp paste made of small shrimps, esp. of the genus Acetes


nước lèo

[nɨək̚˧˦ lɛw˨˩]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ lɛw˦˩]

[nɨək̚˦˥ lɛw˨˩]

(Southern Vietnam, cooking) broth, esp. used for pouring over noodles


nồi niêu xoong chảo

[noj˨˩ niəw˧˧ sɔŋ˧˧ t͡ɕaːw˧˩]

[noj˦˩ niw˧˧ sɔŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕaːw˧˨]

[noj˨˩ niw˧˧ sɔŋ˧˧ caːw˨˩˦]

(collective) pots and pans; kitchenware containers


gai ốc

[ɣaːj˧˧ ʔəwk͡p̚˧˦]

[ɣaːj˧˧ ʔəwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[ɣaːj˧˧ ʔəwk͡p̚˦˥]


nhũng nhiễu

[ɲʊwŋ͡m˦ˀ˥ ɲiəw˦ˀ˥]

[ɲʊwŋ͡m˧˨ ɲiw˧˨]

[ɲʊwŋ͡m˨˩˦ ɲiw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 冗 (“uncalled-for, unnecessary”) and 擾 (“to disturb, to trouble”). Doublet of nhõng nhẽo.

Quan lại nơi đây thường hay nhũng nhiễu dân.

The mandarins here often issues unreasonable demands that severely trouble the commoners.

to cause unnecessary troubles to the other party due to one's unreasonable demands


quốc xã hóa

Traditional tone placement spelling of quốc xã hoá.


phi quốc xã hóa

phi quốc xã hoá
phi quốc xã hoá#Vietnamese

Traditional tone placement spelling of phi quốc xã hoá.


phi quốc xã hoá

[fi˧˧ kuək̚˧˦ saː˦ˀ˥ hwaː˧˦]

[fɪj˧˧ kuək̚˦˧˥ saː˧˨ hwaː˨˩˦]

[fɪj˧˧ wək̚˦˥ saː˨˩˦ waː˦˥]


quốc xã hoá

[kuək̚˧˦ saː˦ˀ˥ hwaː˧˦]

[kuək̚˦˧˥ saː˧˨ hwaː˨˩˦]

[wək̚˦˥ saː˨˩˦ waː˦˥]


A-đôn-phơ

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗon˧˧ fəː˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗoŋ˧˧ fəː˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗoŋ˧˧ fəː˧˧]

Borrowed from French Adolphe, from German Adolf.

A-đôn-phơ Hít-le

A transliteration of the German male given name Adolf


Hít-le

[hit̚˧˦ lɛ˧˧]

[hit̚˦˧˥ lɛ˧˧]

[hɨt̚˦˥ lɛ˧˧]

German Hitler, pronounced as if it were French, although with an actual h.

A-đôn-phơ Hít-le

A transliteration of the German surname Hitler


An-be

[ʔaːn˧˧ ʔɓɛ˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ ʔɓɛ˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ ʔɓɛ˧˧]

Borrowed from French Albert, from German Albert.

An-be Anh-xtanh

A transliteration of the German male given name Albert


lâu lâu

[ləw˧˧ ləw˧˧]

[ləw˧˧ ləw˧˧]

[ləw˧˧ ləw˧˧]


rập rờn

[zəp̚˧˨ʔ zəːn˨˩]

[ʐəp̚˨˩ʔ ʐəːŋ˦˩]

[ɹəp̚˨˩˨ ɹəːŋ˨˩]


phức hợp

[fɨk̚˧˦ həːp̚˧˨ʔ]

[fɨk̚˦˧˥ həːp̚˨˩ʔ]

[fɨk̚˦˥ həːp̚˨˩˨]

to combine; to mix several ingredients together


phức hợp

[fɨk̚˧˦ həːp̚˧˨ʔ]

[fɨk̚˦˧˥ həːp̚˨˩ʔ]

[fɨk̚˦˥ həːp̚˨˩˨]

câu phức hợp


tiếp đãi

[tiəp̚˧˦ ʔɗaːj˦ˀ˥]

[tiəp̚˦˧˥ ʔɗaːj˧˨]

[tip̚˦˥ ʔɗaːj˨˩˦]


hàn huyên

[haːŋ˦˩ hwiəŋ˧˧]

[haːŋ˨˩ wiəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 寒暄, composed of 寒 (“cold”) and 暄 (“warm”).

(literary) to enquire about another person's well-being after a long time apart


tiền nước

[tiən˨˩ nɨək̚˧˦]

[tiəŋ˦˩ nɨək̚˦˧˥]

[tiəŋ˨˩ nɨək̚˦˥]

(money) tip, extra money given in appreciation for a rendered service


Nam Sách

[naːm˧˧ ʂat̚˦˧˥]

[naːm˧˧ ʂat̚˦˥]

Nam Sách (a rural district of Hải Dương, Vietnam)

Nam Sách (a township and capital of Nam Sách district, Hải Dương, Vietnam)


kiếng cận

[kiəŋ˧˦ kən˧˨ʔ]

[kiəŋ˦˧˥ kəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[kiəŋ˦˥ kəŋ˨˩˨]


ngỏng

ngỏng cổ mà nhìn

to stretch one's neck (to see more clearly)

(usually of a body part) to stretch high and tall; to raise high


kính cận

[kïŋ˧˦ kən˧˨ʔ]

[kɨn˦˧˥ kəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[kɨn˦˥ kəŋ˨˩˨]


xì ke

[sɪj˦˩ kɛ˧˧]

[sɪj˨˩ kɛ˧˧]


cư ngụ

[kɨ˧˧ ŋu˧˨ʔ]

[kɨ˧˧ ŋʊw˨˩ʔ]

[kɨ˧˧ ŋʊw˨˩˨]

Người dân đã cư ngụ ở nơi hoang vu này hàng trăm nay.

People have lived in this remote location for hundreds of years.


ngụ cư

[ŋu˧˨ʔ kɨ˧˧]

[ŋʊw˨˩ʔ kɨ˧˧]

[ŋʊw˨˩˨ kɨ˧˧]

xóm ngụ cư

(uncommon, common in some expressions) to reside (esp. in a different place than one's native hometown; to live; to dwell in a new land


thi ca

[tʰi˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[tʰɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[tʰɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 詩歌, from Chinese 詩歌／诗歌 (shīgē). Compare Japanese 詩歌 (shiika, shika).

(literary, literal, collective) poetry and singing


phất phơ

[fət̚˧˦ fəː˧˧]

[fək̚˦˧˥ fəː˧˧]

[fək̚˦˥ fəː˧˧]


phất phơ

[fət̚˧˦ fəː˧˧]

[fək̚˦˧˥ fəː˧˧]

[fək̚˦˥ fəː˧˧]


y như

[ʔɪj˧˧ ɲɨ˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ɲɨ˧˧]

(colloquial) sure enough; used to express that what is about to be said has happened in the same way many times before


suông

head

冲, 充, 㤝, 衝, 𫁔, 𬔔

vi-adj

冲, 充, 㤝, 衝, 𫁔, 𬔔

冲 (CJK)
充 (CJK)
㤝 (CJK)
衝 (CJK)
𫁔 (CJK)
𬔔 (CJK)

rượu suông

canh suông

a watery soup dish that should (but does not) have more ingredients or be part of a meal

(now chiefly in some expressions, usually with negative connotations) by itself; uncompanied

(by extension, of moonlight) bright but not clear, thus giving a cold and dull feeling

lí thuyết suông

pure theory, not yet vertified with any experiment

(by extension, of words) empty of promises; said but not done


tủ kiếng

[tu˧˩ kiəŋ˧˦]

[tʊw˧˨ kiəŋ˦˧˥]

[tʊw˨˩˦ kiəŋ˦˥]


ráy tai

[ʐaj˨˩˦ taːj˧˧]


tủ kính

[tu˧˩ kïŋ˧˦]

[tʊw˧˨ kɨn˦˧˥]

[tʊw˨˩˦ kɨn˦˥]

a cabinet with a glass display, often used for showing goods


đùm bọc

[ʔɗum˨˩ ʔɓawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗum˦˩ ʔɓawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗʊm˨˩ ʔɓawk͡p̚˨˩˨]

to take care of; to support; to help and protect


nấm mối

[nəm˦˧˥ moj˨˩˦]


mê mệt

[mej˧˧ məːt̚˨˩˨]

fascinated by; engrossed in; obsessed with


trở lên

[t͡ɕəː˧˩ len˧˧]

[ʈəː˧˨ len˧˧]

[ʈəː˨˩˦ ləːn˧˧]


thường lệ

[tʰɨəŋ˨˩ le˧˨ʔ]

[tʰɨəŋ˦˩ lej˨˩ʔ]

[tʰɨəŋ˨˩ lej˨˩˨]


thường lệ

[tʰɨəŋ˨˩ le˧˨ʔ]

[tʰɨəŋ˦˩ lej˨˩ʔ]

[tʰɨəŋ˨˩ lej˨˩˨]


chàng hiu

[t͡ɕaːŋ˨˩ hiw˧˧]

[t͡ɕaːŋ˦˩ hiw˧˧]


đậu phụng

[ʔɗəw˧˨ʔ fʊwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗəw˨˩ʔ fʊwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗəw˨˩˨ fʊwŋ͡m˨˩˨]

(chiefly Central Vietnam) peanut, groundnut, earthnut


thần giao cách cảm

[tʰən˨˩ zaːw˧˧ kajk̟̚˧˦ kaːm˧˩]

[tʰəŋ˦˩ jaːw˧˧ kat̚˦˧˥ kaːm˧˨]

[tʰəŋ˨˩ jaːw˧˧ kat̚˦˥ kaːm˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 神交隔感. The whole phrase can roughly be translated as "sense of spiritual intersection [albeit physically] separated".
This compound can be further analyzed either as thần giao (神交) and cách cảm (隔感), or thần giao cách (神交隔) and cảm (感). Aside from cảm (in the irrelevant sense of "influenza"), none of these are in any common use in Vietnamese as free morphemes.


gây quỹ

[ɣəj˧˧ kwi˦ˀ˥]

[ɣəj˧˧ kwɪj˧˨]

[ɣəj˧˧ wɪj˨˩˦]


𭓇

Variant of 學, see there for more details.


lưu diễn

[lɨw˧˧ jiəŋ˧˨]

[lɨw˧˧ jiəŋ˨˩˦]


Hi Lạp cổ đại

[hi˧˧ laːp̚˧˨ʔ ko˧˩ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ]

[hɪj˧˧ laːp̚˨˩ʔ kow˧˨ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ]

[hɪj˧˧ laːp̚˨˩˨ kow˨˩˦ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨]


điện thư

[ʔɗiən˧˨ʔ tʰɨ˧˧]

[ʔɗiəŋ˨˩ʔ tʰɨ˧˧]

[ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˨ tʰɨ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 電書, composed of 電 and 書.

vi-etym-sino

(rare) email (system for transferring messages from one computer to another)

Hôm 23/7, Vatican công bố điện thư của Giáo hoàng Phanxicô được ký bởi Hồng y Quốc Vụ Khanh Pietro Parolin, gởi Chủ tịch nước Tô Lâm, về sự qua đời của Tổng Bí thư Nguyễn Phú Trọng.

2024 July 24, “Giáo hoàng gửi điện chia buồn Tổng Bí thư Nguyễn Phú Trọng từ trần [The Pope e-mails condolences on General Secretary Nguyễn Phú Trọng's passing]”, in VOA Vietnamese, Voice of America, retrieved 2024-07-23:

On 23 July, the Vatican released Pope Francis' e-mail, signed by Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Parolin and sent to President Tô Lâm, regarding the passing of General Secretary Nguyễn Phú Trọng.

(rare) email (message sent through an email system)


độ lượng

[ʔɗo˧˨ʔ lɨəŋ˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗow˨˩ʔ lɨəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗow˨˩˨ lɨəŋ˨˩˨]


huỵch toẹt

[hwïk̟̚˧˨ʔ twɛt̚˧˨ʔ]

[hwɨk̟̚˨˩ʔ twɛk̚˨˩ʔ]

[wɨt̚˨˩˨ t⁽ʷ⁾ɛk̚˨˩˨]

(colloquial, of words) bluntly; plainly; without reservation


trăng mật

[t͡ɕaŋ˧˧ mət̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʈaŋ˧˧ mək̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʈaŋ˧˧ mək̚˨˩˨]


𱻊

Variant of 義, see there for more details.


tai hại

harmful; disastrous; causing much harm and/or loss


quyền hành

[kwiəŋ˦˩ hɛɲ˦˩]


phúc tra

[fʊwk͡p̚˧˦ t͡ɕaː˧˧]

[fʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥ ʈaː˧˧]

[fʊwk͡p̚˦˥ ʈaː˧˧]

to review; to re-examine; to check; to verify


quyền thế

[kwiəŋ˦˩ tʰej˨˩˦]

[wiəŋ˨˩ tʰej˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 權勢, composed of 權 and 勢.


nhân tài

[ɲən˧˧ taːj˨˩]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ taːj˦˩]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ taːj˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 人才, composed of 人 and 才.


ăn dỗ

[ʔan˧˧ zo˦ˀ˥]

[ʔaŋ˧˧ jow˧˨]

[ʔaŋ˧˧ jow˨˩˦]

to extort (from); to wring (from, out of)


nhân công

[ɲən˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 人工, composed of 人 and 工.


đỏ hoe

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ hwɛ˧˧]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ hwɛ˧˧]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ wɛ˧˧]


đỏ au

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ ʔaw˧˧]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ ʔaw˧˧]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ ʔa(ː)w˧˧]


đỏ gay

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ ɣaj˧˧]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ ɣaj˧˧]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ ɣa(ː)j˧˧]

red-faced due to alcohol, hot weather or anger


đỏ bừng

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ ʔɓɨŋ˨˩]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ ʔɓɨŋ˦˩]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ ʔɓɨŋ˨˩]


đề đạt

[ʔɗe˨˩ ʔɗaːt̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗej˦˩ ʔɗaːk̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗej˨˩ ʔɗaːk̚˨˩˨]

(of subordinates) to suggest; to propose; to recommend (a plan, proposal, etc.) to a superior


đỏ đắn

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ ʔɗan˧˦]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ ʔɗaŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ ʔɗaŋ˦˥]

(of complexion) pinkish in a way that indicates good health or beauty


đỏ quạch

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ kwajk̟̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ kwat̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ wat̚˨˩˨]


đỏ chói

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ t͡ɕɔj˧˦]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ t͡ɕɔj˨˩˦]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ cɔj˦˥]


mặc nhiên

[mak̚˧˨ʔ ɲiən˧˧]

[mak̚˨˩ʔ ɲiəŋ˧˧]

[mak̚˨˩˨ ɲiəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 默然, composed of 默 and 然.


mặc nhiên

[mak̚˧˨ʔ ɲiən˧˧]

[mak̚˨˩ʔ ɲiəŋ˧˧]

[mak̚˨˩˨ ɲiəŋ˧˧]


đỏ ửng

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ ʔɨŋ˧˩]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ ʔɨŋ˧˨]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ ʔɨŋ˨˩˦]


đỏ tía

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ tiə˧˦]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ tiə˨˩˦]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ tiə˦˥]


ăn chẹt

[ʔan˧˧ t͡ɕɛt̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔaŋ˧˧ t͡ɕɛt̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔaŋ˧˧ cɛk̚˨˩˨]


lành lặn

[lɛɲ˦˩ laŋ˨˩ʔ]

Con thấy chú đó té xe, chạy tới hỏi thì chú nói không sao. Té xe mà lành lặn vậy là mừng rồi.

I saw him having a crash, but he said that he's fine when I came to ask. It's fortunate that there was nothing major in the accident.

intact; in good condition, as in without any major defect or injury


hõm

very deep; sunken; hollow and pitted; depressed


nghiệm thu

[ŋiəm˧˨ʔ tʰu˧˧]

[ŋiəm˨˩ʔ tʰʊw˧˧]

[ŋim˨˩˨ tʰʊw˧˧]


xanh rờn

[sajŋ̟˧˧ zəːn˨˩]

[sɛɲ˧˧ ʐəːŋ˦˩]

[san˧˧ ɹəːŋ˨˩]

completely and vividly grue (green or blue)


diễn tiến

[jiəŋ˧˨ tiəŋ˦˧˥]

[jiəŋ˨˩˦ tiəŋ˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 演進, composed of 演 and 進.

progression; course; sequence; evolution


lững lờ

[lɨŋ˦ˀ˥ ləː˨˩]

[lɨŋ˧˨ ləː˦˩]

[lɨŋ˨˩˦ ləː˨˩]

Tonal alternation of lửng lơ (C1-A1), with tones shifted from higher register to lower register (C2-A2).


ửng hồng

[ʔɨŋ˧˩ həwŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʔɨŋ˧˨ həwŋ͡m˦˩]

[ʔɨŋ˨˩˦ həwŋ͡m˨˩]


nguyên xi

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ sɪj˧˧]

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ sɪj˧˧]


lăn tăn

[laŋ˧˧ taŋ˧˧]

[laŋ˧˧ taŋ˧˧]

(of small outgrowths of skin like pimples, warts, etc.) slightly emerging


túi tiền

[tuj˨˩˦ tiəŋ˦˩]

vừa túi tiền

the state of being able to be bought with funds currently at hand; affordability


mệt nhọc

[met̚˧˨ʔ ɲawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[met̚˨˩ʔ ɲawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[məːt̚˨˩˨ ɲawk͡p̚˨˩˨]


cấp ủy

Traditional tone placement spelling of cấp uỷ.


cấp uỷ

[kəp̚˧˦ ʔwi˧˩]

[kəp̚˦˧˥ ʔwɪj˧˨]

[kəp̚˦˥ (ʔ)wɪj˨˩˦]


bài bản

[ʔɓaːj˨˩ ʔɓaːn˧˩]

[ʔɓaːj˦˩ ʔɓaːŋ˧˨]

[ʔɓaːj˨˩ ʔɓaːŋ˨˩˦]


ban chấp hành

[ʔɓaːn˧˧ t͡ɕəp̚˧˦ hajŋ̟˨˩]

[ʔɓaːŋ˧˧ t͡ɕəp̚˦˧˥ hɛɲ˦˩]

[ʔɓaːŋ˧˧ cəp̚˦˥ han˨˩]

ban (“group; band; committee”) + chấp hành (“to execute; to implement; to enforce”).


nhuần nhuyễn

[ɲwən˨˩ ɲwiən˦ˀ˥]

[ɲwəŋ˦˩ ɲwiəŋ˧˨]

[ɲwəŋ˨˩ ɲwiəŋ˨˩˦]


tinh đời

[tïŋ˧˧ ʔɗəːj˨˩]

[tɨn˧˧ ʔɗəːj˦˩]

[tɨn˧˧ ʔɗəːj˨˩]


Quỹ Tiền tệ Quốc tế

[kwi˦ˀ˥ tiən˨˩ te˧˨ʔ kuək̚˧˦ te˧˦]

[kwɪj˧˨ tiəŋ˦˩ tej˨˩ʔ kuək̚˦˧˥ tej˨˩˦]

[wɪj˨˩˦ tiəŋ˨˩ tej˨˩˨ wək̚˦˥ tej˦˥]

quỹ (“fund”) + tiền tệ (“currency”) + quốc tế (“international”).

International Monetary Fund
International Monetary Fund


trích dẫn

[t͡ɕïk̟̚˧˦ zən˦ˀ˥]

[ʈɨt̚˦˧˥ jəŋ˧˨]

[ʈɨt̚˦˥ jəŋ˨˩˦]


trang nghiêm

[t͡ɕaːŋ˧˧ ŋiəm˧˧]

[ʈaːŋ˧˧ ŋiəm˧˧]

[ʈaːŋ˧˧ ŋim˧˧]


trận vong

[t͡ɕən˧˨ʔ vawŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʈəŋ˨˩ʔ vawŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʈəŋ˨˩ʔ vɔŋ˧˧]

[ʈəŋ˨˩˨ vawŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʈəŋ˨˩˨ jawŋ͡m˧˧]


oai phong

[ʔwaːj˧˧ fɔŋ˧˧]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 威風 (SV: uy phong).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">uy phong</i>


hội họp

[hoj˧˨ʔ hɔp̚˧˨ʔ]

[hoj˨˩ʔ hɔp̚˨˩ʔ]

[hoj˨˩˨ hɔp̚˨˩˨]

to gather together and discuss; to convene


hội họp

[hoj˧˨ʔ hɔp̚˧˨ʔ]

[hoj˨˩ʔ hɔp̚˨˩ʔ]

[hoj˨˩˨ hɔp̚˨˩˨]


thiên lí

cây (classifier)
bông (classifier)
hoa (classifier)

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ lɪj˨˩˦]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ lɪj˦˥]

bông thiên lí xào thịt bò

stir-fried Tonkin jasmine flowers and beef

16 February 2012, “Hoa thiên lí, những món ăn và bài thuốc hay (Cowslip creeper blossoms, delicious dishes and efficacious medicinal prescriptions)”, Yenmiss.violet.vn
Ở nông thôn, nhiều nhà có giàn thiên lí.

In the countryside, many households grow cowslip creepers on trellises.

(botany) Tonkin jasmine, Telosma cordata


thiên lí

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ lɪj˨˩˦]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ lɪj˦˥]

(obsolete, literary) rules of nature; laws of nature; natural law


ngh

[ŋəː˨˩ kɛp̚˧˦]

[ŋəː˦˩ kɛp̚˦˧˥]

[ŋəː˨˩ kɛp̚˦˥]

The letter of the Vietnamese alphabet, written in the Latin script.


dân trí

[zən˧˧ t͡ɕi˧˦]

[jəŋ˧˧ ʈɪj˨˩˦]

[jəŋ˧˧ ʈɪj˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 民智, composed of 民 (“people; populace”) and 智 (“wisdom”).

nâng cao mặt bằng dân trí

to raise the average academic performance

(education) the average level of education of a populace


thiên lý

1949, Yên Thao, “Nhà Tôi (My Home)”
Nhà tôi ở cuối thôn đồi
Có giàn thiên lý, có người tôi thương.
My home is at the hillside village's farthest end;

There's a cowslip creeper trellis, there my beloved is.


tự diễn biến

[tɨ˧˨ʔ ziən˦ˀ˥ ʔɓiən˧˦]

[tɨ˨˩ʔ jiəŋ˧˨ ʔɓiəŋ˦˧˥]

[tɨ˨˩˨ jiəŋ˨˩˦ ʔɓiəŋ˦˥]


thán phục

[tʰaːn˧˦ fʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[tʰaːŋ˦˧˥ fʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[tʰaːŋ˦˥ fʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


rung chuyển

[zʊwŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕwiən˧˩]

[ʐʊwŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕwiəŋ˧˨]

[ɹʊwŋ͡m˧˧ c⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩˦]

to shake vigorously; to vibrate; to quake


công ăn việc làm

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔan˧˧ viək̚˧˨ʔ laːm˨˩]

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔaŋ˧˧ viək̚˨˩ʔ laːm˦˩]

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔaŋ˧˧ viək̚˨˩˨ laːm˨˩]

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔaŋ˧˧ jiək̚˨˩˨ laːm˨˩]


trọng tải

[t͡ɕawŋ͡m˧˨ʔ taːj˧˩]

[ʈawŋ͡m˨˩ʔ taːj˧˨]

[ʈɔŋ˨˩ʔ taːj˧˨]

[ʈawŋ͡m˨˩˨ taːj˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 重載, composed of 重 and 載.

the payload; the total weight that can be carried by a vehicle, boat, bridge, etc.


điên điển

[ʔɗiən˧˧ ʔɗiən˧˩]

[ʔɗiəŋ˧˧ ʔɗiəŋ˧˨]

[ʔɗiəŋ˧˧ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˦]


điên điển

[ʔɗiən˧˧ ʔɗiən˧˩]

[ʔɗiəŋ˧˧ ʔɗiəŋ˧˨]

[ʔɗiəŋ˧˧ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˦]


kì quặc

[kɪj˨˩ wak̚˨˩˨]


cười nhạo

[kɨəj˨˩ ɲaːw˧˨ʔ]

[kɨj˦˩ ɲaːw˨˩ʔ]

[kɨj˨˩ ɲaːw˨˩˨]


mệt rũ

[met̚˧˨ʔ zu˦ˀ˥]

[met̚˨˩ʔ ʐʊw˧˨]

[məːt̚˨˩˨ ɹʊw˨˩˦]


mặt trái

[mat̚˧˨ʔ t͡ɕaːj˧˦]

[mak̚˨˩ʔ ʈaːj˨˩˦]

[mak̚˨˩˨ ʈaːj˦˥]


chiêu hiền

[t͡ɕiəw˧˧ hiən˨˩]

[t͡ɕiw˧˧ hiəŋ˦˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 招賢, composed of 招 and 賢.

to recruit talents; to use other people's talents


kiến quốc

[kiəŋ˦˧˥ kuək̚˦˧˥]

[kiəŋ˦˥ wək̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 建國, composed of 建 and 國.

to found a country; to establish a nation-state; to build a nation


tổ trưởng

[to˧˩ t͡ɕɨəŋ˧˩]

[tow˧˨ ʈɨəŋ˧˨]

[tow˨˩˦ ʈɨəŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 組長, composed of 組 and 長.


đích danh

[ʔɗïk̟̚˧˦ zajŋ̟˧˧]

[ʔɗɨt̚˦˧˥ jɛɲ˧˧]

[ʔɗɨt̚˦˥ jan˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 的名, composed of 的 and 名.

Cô gọi số rồi kìa lên lẹ đi, chờ gọi đích danh nữa hay gì?

Our teacher called your number so you better hurry up. Are you waiting for her to call you by your own name or something?


nhân ái

[ɲən˧˧ ʔaːj˧˦]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ ʔaːj˨˩˦]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ ʔaːj˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-nhân ái.wav


nội sinh

[noj˧˨ʔ sïŋ˧˧]

[noj˨˩ʔ ʂɨn˧˧]

[noj˨˩˨ ʂɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 內 (“inner, endo-”) and 生 (“to come into existence”).


mẹc

Thằng Tây mặt đỏ bụng to,/Miệng luôn chửi mẹc, xà lù cô-soong.

The Westerner whose face is red and belly is big,/His mouth curses merde, "salaud", "cochon"

Mẹc xà lù. Bà má tui ơi.

Mẹc xà lù... Thằng Vinh Mát đi đâu mà bảnh vậy kìa?

Damn... Where is Vinh Mát going, handsomely dressed like that?


đặc mệnh

[ʔɗak̚˧˨ʔ məjŋ̟˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗak̚˨˩ʔ men˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗak̚˨˩˨ məːn˨˩˨]

(of officials) assigned to a particular (or extraordinary) diplomatic mission


đa sắc

[ʔɗaː˧˧ sak̚˧˦]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ ʂak̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ sak̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ ʂak̚˦˥]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ sak̚˦˥]


ngoại sinh

[ŋwaːj˧˨ʔ sïŋ˧˧]

[ŋwaːj˨˩ʔ ʂɨn˧˧]

[ŋwaːj˨˩ʔ sɨn˧˧]

[ŋwaːj˨˩˨ ʂɨn˧˧]

[ŋwaːj˨˩˨ sɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 外 (“outer, exo-”) and 生 (“to come into existence”).


trường kì

[t͡ɕɨəŋ˨˩ ki˨˩]

[ʈɨəŋ˦˩ kɪj˦˩]

[ʈɨəŋ˨˩ kɪj˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 長期, composed of 長 and 期.


thấm nhuần

[tʰəm˧˦ ɲwən˨˩]

[tʰəm˦˧˥ ɲwəŋ˦˩]

[tʰəm˦˥ ɲwəŋ˨˩]


làng nghề

[laːŋ˨˩ ŋe˨˩]

[laːŋ˦˩ ŋej˦˩]

[laːŋ˨˩ ŋej˨˩]

a village specialized in producing a particular traditional handicraft; a trade village


nếp sống

[nep̚˧˦ səwŋ͡m˧˦]

[nep̚˦˧˥ ʂəwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[nep̚˦˧˥ səwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[nep̚˦˥ ʂəwŋ͡m˦˥]

[nep̚˦˥ səwŋ͡m˦˥]


khí thế

[kʰɪj˨˩˦ tʰej˨˩˦]

[xɪj˨˩˦ tʰej˨˩˦]

[kʰɪj˦˥ tʰej˦˥]

momentum; strength; force; vigor; energy


có công

[kɔ˧˦ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[kɔ˨˩˦ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[kɔ˦˥ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]


tỉnh uỷ

[tïŋ˧˩ ʔwi˧˩]

[tɨn˧˨ ʔwɪj˧˨]

[tɨn˨˩˦ (ʔ)wɪj˨˩˦]


thủy văn

Traditional tone placement spelling of thuỷ văn.


tâm nguyện

[təm˧˧ ŋwiən˧˨ʔ]

[təm˧˧ ŋwiəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[təm˧˧ ŋwiəŋ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 心願, composed of 心 and 願.

aspiration; cherished desire; dream; wish


đô thị hóa

Traditional tone placement spelling of đô thị hoá.


tỉnh ủy

Traditional tone placement spelling of tỉnh uỷ.


biến đổi khí hậu

[ʔɓiən˧˦ ʔɗoj˧˩ xi˧˦ həw˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓiəŋ˦˧˥ ʔɗoj˧˨ kʰɪj˨˩˦ həw˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓiəŋ˦˧˥ ʔɗoj˧˨ xɪj˨˩˦ həw˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓiəŋ˦˥ ʔɗoj˨˩˦ kʰɪj˦˥ həw˨˩˨]

[ʔɓiəŋ˦˥ ʔɗoj˨˩˦ xɪj˦˥ həw˨˩˨]

biến đổi (“to change”) + khí hậu (“climate”).


yên vui

[ʔiəŋ˧˧ vuj˧˧]

[ʔiəŋ˧˧ vuj˧˧]

[ʔiəŋ˧˧ juj˧˧]


gió giật

[zɔ˧˦ zət̚˧˨ʔ]

[jɔ˨˩˦ jək̚˨˩ʔ]

[jɔ˦˥ jək̚˨˩˨]


khí tượng

[xi˧˦ tɨəŋ˧˨ʔ]

[kʰɪj˨˩˦ tɨəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[xɪj˨˩˦ tɨəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[kʰɪj˦˥ tɨəŋ˨˩˨]

[xɪj˦˥ tɨəŋ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 氣象, composed of 氣 and 象.


thuỷ văn

[tʰwɪj˧˨ vaŋ˧˧]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ vaŋ˧˧]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ jaŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 水文, composed of 水 (“water”) and 文 (“behaviors”). Compare thiên văn (“astronomy”, literally “heavenly behaviors”) and nhân văn (“humanities”, literally “human behaviors”).


đi đôi

[ʔɗi˧˧ ʔɗoj˧˧]

[ʔɗɪj˧˧ ʔɗoj˧˧]

[ʔɗɪj˧˧ ʔɗoj˧˧]


tham vấn

[tʰaːm˧˧ vən˧˦]

[tʰaːm˧˧ vəŋ˦˧˥]

[tʰaːm˧˧ vəŋ˦˥]

[tʰaːm˧˧ jəŋ˦˥]


ầu ơ

[ʔəw˨˩ ʔəː˧˧]

[ʔəw˦˩ ʔəː˧˧]

[ʔəw˨˩ ʔəː˧˧]

Ầu ơ ví dầu cầu ván đóng đinh....

Sleep tight my child, if there's a wooden plank bridge held together merely by nails...

Placed at the beginning of a stanza in lullabies


mô phỏng

[mow˧˧ fɔŋ˧˨]


mô phỏng

[mow˧˧ fɔŋ˧˨]


văng tục

[vaŋ˧˧ tʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[vaŋ˧˧ tʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[vaŋ˧˧ tʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]

[jaŋ˧˧ tʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


hiệu lệnh

[hiəw˧˨ʔ ləjŋ̟˧˨ʔ]

[hiw˨˩˨ ləːn˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 號令, composed of 號 and 令.


tu chính

[tu˧˧ t͡ɕïŋ˧˦]

[tʊw˧˧ t͡ɕɨn˦˧˥]

[tʊw˧˧ cɨn˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 修正, composed of 修 and 正.


khảo sát

[kʰaːw˧˨ ʂaːk̚˦˧˥]

[xaːw˧˨ saːk̚˦˧˥]

[kʰaːw˨˩˦ ʂaːk̚˦˥]

[xaːw˨˩˦ saːk̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 考察, composed of 考 and 察.

to investigate; to survey; to examine; to inspect


hiển thị

[hiən˧˩ tʰi˧˨ʔ]

[hiəŋ˧˨ tʰɪj˨˩ʔ]

[hiəŋ˨˩˦ tʰɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 顯示 (“to display”).


đô thị hoá

[ʔɗo˧˧ tʰi˧˨ʔ hwaː˧˦]

[ʔɗow˧˧ tʰɪj˨˩ʔ hwaː˨˩˦]

[ʔɗow˧˧ tʰɪj˨˩˨ waː˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 都市化, composed of 都市 (“city”) and 化 (“-ize”).


đô thị hoá

[ʔɗo˧˧ tʰi˧˨ʔ hwaː˧˦]

[ʔɗow˧˧ tʰɪj˨˩ʔ hwaː˨˩˦]

[ʔɗow˧˧ tʰɪj˨˩˨ waː˦˥]


hắc ám

[hak̚˧˦ ʔaːm˧˦]

[hak̚˦˧˥ ʔaːm˦˧˥]

[hak̚˦˥ ʔaːm˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 黑暗 (“dark; unlighted”).

(figurative) backward; unenlightened; evil; corrupt; sordid; dark


關重

chữ Hán form of quan trọng (“important, significant”).


cố thủ

[kow˨˩˦ tʰʊw˧˨]

[kow˦˥ tʰʊw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 固守, composed of 固 and 守.

Coordinate term: phòng thủ

to stand one's ground; to hold firm; to stand firm


từ đồng nghĩa

[tɨ˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ ŋiə˦ˀ˥]

[tɨ˦˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ ŋiə˧˨]

[tɨ˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ ŋiə˨˩˦]


trung lập

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧ ləp̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ ləp̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ ləp̚˨˩˨]


lời lẽ

[ləːj˨˩ lɛ˦ˀ˥]

[ləːj˦˩ lɛ˧˨]

[ləːj˨˩ lɛ˨˩˦]

(collective) words; wordings; expressions


trung vị

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧ vi˧˨ʔ]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ vɪj˨˩ʔ]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ vɪj˨˩˨]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ jɪj˨˩˨]


ưu

(only in fixed Sino-Vietnamese expressions) optimal, superior


ưu

(only in fixed Sino-Vietnamese expressions) sorrowful


tranh đấu

[t͡ɕajŋ̟˧˧ ʔɗəw˧˦]

[ʈɛɲ˧˧ ʔɗəw˨˩˦]

[ʈan˧˧ ʔɗəw˦˥]

(literally, figuratively) to struggle; to fight; to strive


gay cấn

[ɣaj˧˧ kən˧˦]

[ɣaj˧˧ kəŋ˦˧˥]

[ɣa(ː)j˧˧ kəŋ˦˥]

cuộc chiến gay cấn


ân ái

[ʔən˧˧ ʔaːj˧˦]

[ʔəŋ˧˧ ʔaːj˨˩˦]

[ʔəŋ˧˧ ʔaːj˦˥]

(literary) conjugal love; affection between a couple


ân ái

[ʔən˧˧ ʔaːj˧˦]

[ʔəŋ˧˧ ʔaːj˨˩˦]

[ʔəŋ˧˧ ʔaːj˦˥]


đại bộ phận

[ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ ʔɓo˧˨ʔ fən˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɓow˨˩ʔ fəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʔɓow˨˩˨ fəŋ˨˩˨]


đại sự

[ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ sɨ˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʂɨ˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ sɨ˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʂɨ˨˩˨]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ sɨ˨˩˨]

(uncommon) important matter; big deal; major event; great thing


tán đồng

[taːn˧˦ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩]

[taːŋ˦˧˥ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩]

[taːŋ˦˥ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩]


đại đa số

[ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ ʔɗaː˧˧ so˧˦]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɗaː˧˧ ʂow˨˩˦]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɗaː˧˧ sow˨˩˦]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʔɗaː˧˧ ʂow˦˥]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʔɗaː˧˧ sow˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 大多數, composed of 大 (“great”) and 多數 (“majority”).

Đại đa số người Mĩ không có ấm điện.

A great majority of Americans don't have an electric kettle.


không không

[xəwŋ͡m˧˧ xəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[kʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ kʰəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[xəwŋ͡m˧˧ xəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[kʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ kʰəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[xəwŋ͡m˧˧ xəwŋ͡m˧˧]

chuyện không không


không không

[xəwŋ͡m˧˧ xəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[kʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ kʰəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[xəwŋ͡m˧˧ xəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[kʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ kʰəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[xəwŋ͡m˧˧ xəwŋ͡m˧˧]

(colloquial) suddenly; all of a sudden; spontaneously


dị nghị

[zi˧˨ʔ ŋi˧˨ʔ]

[jɪj˨˩ʔ ŋɪj˨˩ʔ]

[jɪj˨˩˨ ŋɪj˨˩˨]

mean-spirited gossip, negative talk about someone's personal matters


dị nghị

[zi˧˨ʔ ŋi˧˨ʔ]

[jɪj˨˩ʔ ŋɪj˨˩ʔ]

[jɪj˨˩˨ ŋɪj˨˩˨]

Tuy bị dị nghị khá nhiều, nhưng tình cảm của hai người khi đó vẫn rất ngọt ngào, bất cứ khi nào cũng đều thành cặp thành đôi.

2016, chapter 3, in Nguyễn Đức Vịnh, transl., Đừng nói chuyện với cô ấy, part I, NXB Phụ Nữ, translation of 别和她说话 by Yù Jǐn (Ngộ Cẩn):

Even though they were often the subject of bad talk, their feelings at the time were still very tender and they were always together.

to engage in mean-spirited gossip, to talk negatively about someone's personal matters


danh chính ngôn thuận

[zajŋ̟˧˧ t͡ɕïŋ˧˦ ŋon˧˧ tʰwən˧˨ʔ]

[jɛɲ˧˧ t͡ɕɨn˦˧˥ ŋoŋ˧˧ tʰwəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[jan˧˧ cɨn˦˥ ŋoŋ˧˧ tʰ⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˨˩˨]

to be fitting and proper; to be perfectly justified or deserved


quang minh chính đại

[kwaːŋ˧˧ mïŋ˧˧ t͡ɕïŋ˧˦ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ]

[kwaːŋ˧˧ mɨn˧˧ t͡ɕɨn˦˧˥ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ]

[waːŋ˧˧ mɨn˧˧ cɨn˦˥ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨]

high-principled; open and aboveboard; just and honorable; frank and righteous; without artifice


lầm đường lạc lối

[ləm˨˩ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩ laːk̚˧˨ʔ loj˧˦]

[ləm˦˩ ʔɗɨəŋ˦˩ laːk̚˨˩ʔ loj˨˩˦]

[ləm˨˩ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩ laːk̚˨˩˨ loj˦˥]


săn bắt

[san˧˧ ʔɓat̚˧˦]

[ʂaŋ˧˧ ʔɓak̚˦˧˥]

[saŋ˧˧ ʔɓak̚˦˧˥]

[ʂaŋ˧˧ ʔɓak̚˦˥]

[saŋ˧˧ ʔɓak̚˦˥]


tươi tốt

[tɨəj˧˧ tot̚˧˦]

[tɨj˧˧ tok̚˦˧˥]

(of plants) fresh and vibrant; beautiful


đúng mức

[ʔɗʊwŋ͡m˧˦ mɨk̚˧˦]

[ʔɗʊwŋ͡m˦˧˥ mɨk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗʊwŋ͡m˦˥ mɨk̚˦˥]

at the proper or suitable level or amount


thuyền máy

cái (classifier)
chiếc (classifier)
con (classifier)

[tʰwiəŋ˦˩ maj˨˩˦]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩ ma(ː)j˦˥]


Nam Xương

[naːm˧˧ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[naːm˧˧ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[naːm˧˧ sɨəŋ˧˧]

Nanchang (the capital city of Jiangxi, China)


Cửa Lò

[kɨə˧˩ lɔ˨˩]

[kɨə˧˨ lɔ˦˩]

[kɨə˨˩˦ lɔ˨˩]

cửa (“estuary”) + Lò (“old name of Hoàng La, an ancient village of Diễn Châu”).


ra môn ra khoai

[ʐaː˧˧ moŋ˧˧ ʐaː˧˧ kʰwaːj˧˧]

[ʐaː˧˧ moŋ˧˧ ʐaː˧˧ xwaːj˧˧]

[ɹaː˧˧ moŋ˧˧ ɹaː˧˧ kʰwaːj˧˧]

[ɹaː˧˧ moŋ˧˧ ɹaː˧˧ xwaːj˧˧]

(figuratively) to do something with clear results


nhễ nhại

[ɲe˦ˀ˥ ɲaːj˧˨ʔ]

[ɲej˧˨ ɲaːj˨˩ʔ]

[ɲej˨˩˦ ɲaːj˨˩˨]


noi gương

[nɔj˧˧ ɣɨəŋ˧˧]

[nɔj˧˧ ɣɨəŋ˧˧]

[nɔj˧˧ ɣɨəŋ˧˧]

to emulate someone; to follow someone's example


đúng mực

[ʔɗʊwŋ͡m˧˦ mɨk̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗʊwŋ͡m˦˧˥ mɨk̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗʊwŋ͡m˦˥ mɨk̚˨˩˨]


bay bổng

[ʔɓaj˧˧ ʔɓəwŋ͡m˧˩]

[ʔɓaj˧˧ ʔɓəwŋ͡m˧˨]

[ʔɓa(ː)j˧˧ ʔɓəwŋ͡m˨˩˦]


hiện thân

[hiən˧˨ʔ tʰən˧˧]

[hiəŋ˨˩ʔ tʰəŋ˧˧]

[hiəŋ˨˩˨ tʰəŋ˧˧]


cập rập

[kəp̚˧˨ʔ zəp̚˧˨ʔ]

[kəp̚˨˩ʔ ʐəp̚˨˩ʔ]

[kəp̚˨˩˨ ɹəp̚˨˩˨]


nhân từ

[ɲən˧˧ tɨ˨˩]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ tɨ˦˩]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ tɨ˨˩]


Mẹc

Clipping of Mercedes's pronunciation in Vietnamese (Mẹc-xe-đét). Compare Merc.

Tại sao xe "Mẹc" lại hấp dẫn trong mắt nhiều người?

Why are "Mercs" attractive to many people?


phiến diện

[fiəŋ˦˧˥ jiəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[fiəŋ˦˥ jiəŋ˨˩˨]


đối đỉnh

[ʔɗoj˧˦ ʔɗïŋ˧˩]

[ʔɗoj˨˩˦ ʔɗɨn˧˨]

[ʔɗoj˦˥ ʔɗɨn˨˩˦]


pho tượng

[fɔ˧˧ tɨəŋ˧˨ʔ]

[fɔ˧˧ tɨəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[fɔ˧˧ tɨəŋ˨˩˨]

From pho (“classifier for statues”) + tượng (“statue”), where the classifier was reanalized as part of the word.

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see tượng.

[…] như một cái pho tượng mỹ nhân của Hy Lạp, chẳng hạn.

2002, Tranh luận văn nghệ thế kỷ XX, volume 2, NXB Lao động, page 665:

[…] like a Greek statue of a beautiful person, for example.


chín người mười ý

[t͡ɕin˧˦ ŋɨəj˨˩ mɨəj˨˩ ʔi˧˦]

[t͡ɕin˦˧˥ ŋɨj˦˩ mɨj˦˩ ʔɪj˨˩˦]

[cɨn˦˥ ŋɨj˨˩ mɨj˨˩ ʔɪj˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-chín người mười ý.wav

Literally "nine people [but] ten ideas".

there is never such thing as consensus in a straight discussion


bằng mặt không bằng lòng

[ʔɓaŋ˨˩ mat̚˧˨ʔ xəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˨˩ lawŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʔɓaŋ˦˩ mak̚˨˩ʔ kʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˦˩ lawŋ͡m˦˩]

[ʔɓaŋ˦˩ mak̚˨˩ʔ xəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˦˩ lɔŋ˦˩]

[ʔɓaŋ˨˩ mak̚˨˩˨ kʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˨˩ lawŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʔɓaŋ˨˩ mak̚˨˩˨ xəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˨˩ lawŋ͡m˨˩]


tôn vinh

[ton˧˧ vïŋ˧˧]

[toŋ˧˧ vɨn˧˧]

[toŋ˧˧ vɨn˧˧]

[toŋ˧˧ jɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 尊榮, composed of 尊 and 榮.


che khuất

[t͡ɕɛ˧˧ xwət̚˧˦]

[t͡ɕɛ˧˧ kʰwək̚˦˧˥]

[t͡ɕɛ˧˧ xwək̚˦˧˥]

[cɛ˧˧ kʰwək̚˦˥]

[cɛ˧˧ xwək̚˦˥]

che khuất tầm nhìn


cương trực

[kɨəŋ˧˧ t͡ɕɨk̚˧˨ʔ]

[kɨəŋ˧˧ ʈɨk̚˨˩ʔ]

[kɨəŋ˧˧ ʈɨk̚˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-cương trực.wav

Audio (Hà Nội)

stern and upright; tough and unyielding; rigid in disposition


hợp quần

[həːp̚˧˨ʔ kwən˨˩]

[həːp̚˨˩ʔ kwəŋ˦˩]

[həːp̚˨˩˨ wəŋ˨˩]

to join and merge into a group or organization


gắt gao

[ɣat̚˧˦ ɣaːw˧˧]

[ɣak̚˦˧˥ ɣaːw˧˧]

[ɣak̚˦˥ ɣaːw˧˧]

Near-synonyms: dữ dội, ráo riết


vun xới

[vun˧˧ səːj˨˩˦]

[vʊwŋ͡m˧˧ səːj˦˥]

[jʊwŋ͡m˧˧ səːj˦˥]

to till soil and dig up roots; to cultivate (farmland, etc.)


thu nhặt

[tʰu˧˧ ɲat̚˧˨ʔ]

[tʰʊw˧˧ ɲak̚˨˩ʔ]

[tʰʊw˧˧ ɲak̚˨˩˨]

to amass in small amounts; to accumulate


le lói

[lɛ˧˧ lɔj˧˦]

[lɛ˧˧ lɔj˨˩˦]

[lɛ˧˧ lɔj˦˥]


man mác

[maːŋ˧˧ maːk̚˦˧˥]

[maːŋ˧˧ maːk̚˦˥]


đức hạnh

[ʔɗɨk̚˧˦ hajŋ̟˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗɨk̚˦˧˥ hɛɲ˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗɨk̚˦˥ han˨˩˨]


đá bào

[ʔɗaː˧˦ ʔɓaːw˨˩]

[ʔɗaː˨˩˦ ʔɓaːw˦˩]

[ʔɗaː˦˥ ʔɓaːw˨˩]


bảng chữ cái

[ʔɓaːŋ˧˩ t͡ɕɨ˦ˀ˥ kaːj˧˦]

[ʔɓaːŋ˧˨ t͡ɕɨ˧˨ kaːj˨˩˦]

[ʔɓaːŋ˨˩˦ cɨ˨˩˦ kaːj˦˥]

an alphabet; a set of all letters used to write a given language, arranged in a specific order


tiếp tay

to abet; to help criminals commit crimes


máy quay đĩa

[maj˧˦ kwaj˧˧ ʔɗiə˦ˀ˥]

[maj˨˩˦ kwaj˧˧ ʔɗiə˧˨]

[ma(ː)j˦˥ waj˧˧ ʔɗiə˨˩˦]

a gramophone; a phonograph; a device that uses a diamond pickup to spin and read grooves on a disc to play music


máy nổ

a gas combustion engine; an engine that generates energy by igniting an explosive gas mixture (e.g. gasoline, alcohol vapor, etc.) mixed with air


lẹ làng

[lɛ˧˨ʔ laːŋ˨˩]

[lɛ˨˩ʔ laːŋ˦˩]

[lɛ˨˩˨ laːŋ˨˩]


cá thia

[kaː˧˦ tʰiə˧˧]

[kaː˨˩˦ tʰiə˧˧]

[kaː˦˥ tʰiə˧˧]

a fish belonging to the family Pomacentridae: the damselfishes and clownfishes


điệu bộ

[ʔɗiəw˧˨ʔ ʔɓo˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗiw˨˩ʔ ʔɓow˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗiw˨˩˨ ʔɓow˨˩˨]

mannerisms; gestures with the hands, legs, etc. to express or convey a concept


điệu bộ

[ʔɗiəw˧˨ʔ ʔɓo˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗiw˨˩ʔ ʔɓow˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗiw˨˩˨ ʔɓow˨˩˨]

(rare) making exaggerated gestures to put on airs


ương

𦷫菊秧蘭香𣷷襖

15th century, Nguyễn Trãi, “述興 Thuật hứng 15”, in Quốc âm thi tập (國音詩集):

As I picked chrysanthemums and tended to the orchids, their fragrance clings to my clothes.

(agriculture) to sow seeds and cultivate them into young plants which may be planted elsewhere, as in a plant nursery


dây thường xuân

[zəj˧˧ tʰɨəŋ˨˩ swən˧˧]

[jəj˧˧ tʰɨəŋ˦˩ swəŋ˧˧]

[jəj˧˧ tʰɨəŋ˨˩ s⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˧˧]

the common ivy, Hedera helix, an evergreen vine known for its hardiness and often seen in gardens and walls; also known as English ivy, European ivy


thú nhồi bông

[tʰu˧˦ ɲoj˨˩ ʔɓəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[tʰʊw˨˩˦ ɲoj˦˩ ʔɓəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[tʰʊw˦˥ ɲoj˨˩ ʔɓəwŋ͡m˧˧]

a stuffed animal; a plushie animal; a soft toy in the form of an animal


ươm

head

ươm • (淹, 奄, 庵, 㷈)

vi-verb

ươm • (淹, 奄, 庵, 㷈)

Nhờ chủ động được nguồn nguyên liệu (lá dâu) dồi dào cho nên, nghề ươm tơ của Cổ Chất nổi tiếng từ đời nảo đời nao cho tới nay, thật ra cũng chẳng ai còn nhớ được nữa.
By actively procuring a copious supply of raw materials (i.e. mulberry leaves), Cổ Chất has been famous for its silk-pulling industry for generations until now; in fact, nobody remembers since when.

“Cổ Chất có nghề ươm tơ nổi tiếng (Cổ Chất's famous silk-pulling industry)”, Làng Nghề Việt Nam (Vietnam's Artisanal Villages)

(sericulture) to pull the silk thread out of a silkworm's cocoon while the cocoon is steeped in boiling water

蟳庵六辱船頭𣺽
蠔質樞離㯲檜廊

15th century, Nguyễn Trãi, “言志 Ngôn chí 8”, in Quốc âm thi tập (國音詩集):

The thread-pulling silkworms wriggle on the boats next to the wharf;
The oysters are stacked unevenly into heaps at the village's farthest corner.

Tằm ươm lúc nhúc thuyền đầu bãi.
Hàu chất so le khóm cuối làng.

Lý hạng ca dao 里巷歌謠 (Folk-ballads from the hamlets and alleys), folio 34a
蟳㷈絲蝒拱㷈絲
Tằm ươm tơ, nhện cũng ươm tơ.
The silkworm produces silk threads; the spider also produces silk threads

(zoology) to produce silk threads from silk glands.

vườn ươm


trúc đào

[t͡ɕʊwk͡p̚˧˦ ʔɗaːw˨˩]

[ʈʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥ ʔɗaːw˦˩]

[ʈʊwk͡p̚˦˥ ʔɗaːw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 竹 and 桃, from a shortening of Sinitic 夾竹桃 (SV: giáp trúc đào).

Nerium oleander
Nerium oleander#Translingual

the oleander, Nerium oleander, a poisonous shrub often grown as an ornamental plant


máy hát

[maj˨˩˦ haːk̚˦˧˥]


gấu Bắc Cực

[ɣəw˧˦ ʔɓak̚˧˦ kɨk̚˧˨ʔ]

[ɣəw˨˩˦ ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ kɨk̚˨˩ʔ]

[ɣəw˦˥ ʔɓak̚˦˥ kɨk̚˨˩˨]

Ursus maritimus
Ursus maritimus#Translingual

white bear, polar bear (Ursus maritimus)


xoá sổ

[swaː˨˩˦ ʂow˧˨]

[s⁽ʷ⁾aː˦˥ ʂow˨˩˦]

[s⁽ʷ⁾aː˦˥ sow˨˩˦]


vàng hoe

[vaːŋ˨˩ hwɛ˧˧]

[vaːŋ˦˩ hwɛ˧˧]

[vaːŋ˨˩ wɛ˧˧]

[jaːŋ˨˩ wɛ˧˧]


xóa sổ

Traditional tone placement spelling of xoá sổ.


đại tài

[ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ taːj˨˩]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ taːj˦˩]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ taːj˨˩]


tím biếc

[tim˧˦ ʔɓiək̚˧˦]

[tim˦˧˥ ʔɓiək̚˦˧˥]

[tim˦˥ ʔɓiək̚˦˥]


xanh biếc

[sajŋ̟˧˧ ʔɓiək̚˧˦]

[sɛɲ˧˧ ʔɓiək̚˦˧˥]

[san˧˧ ʔɓiək̚˦˥]


mềm nhũn

[mem˨˩ ɲʊwŋ͡m˨˩˦]


kĩu kịt

[kiw˨˩˦ kɨt̚˨˩˨]

tiếng kĩu cà kĩu kịt đều đều

(onomatopoeia) Describes the squeak made by carrying a loaded carrying pole.


ngay thẳng

[ŋaj˧˧ tʰaŋ˧˩]

[ŋaj˧˧ tʰaŋ˧˨]

[ŋa(ː)j˧˧ tʰaŋ˨˩˦]

ngay + thẳng. Alternatively, calque of Chinese 正直 (chính trực).


lá cây

[laː˧˦ kəj˧˧]

[laː˨˩˦ kəj˧˧]

[laː˦˥ kəj˧˧]


cưu mang

[kɨw˧˧ maːŋ˧˧]

[kɨw˧˧ maːŋ˧˧]

cưu (“to bear”) + mang (“to carry; to be pregnant”)

com

to help someone in desperate times; to take someone under one's wing

(archaic or literary) to bear children; to be pregnant


vàng mơ

[vaːŋ˨˩ məː˧˧]

[vaːŋ˦˩ məː˧˧]

[vaːŋ˨˩ məː˧˧]

[jaːŋ˨˩ məː˧˧]

apricot (of a pale yellowish-orange colour, like that of an apricot)


gánh vác

[ɣajŋ̟˧˦ vaːk̚˧˦]

[ɣɛɲ˦˧˥ vaːk̚˦˧˥]

[ɣan˦˥ vaːk̚˦˥]

[ɣan˦˥ jaːk̚˦˥]


đoan chính

[ʔɗwaːn˧˧ t͡ɕïŋ˧˦]

[ʔɗwaːŋ˧˧ t͡ɕɨn˦˧˥]

[ʔɗwaːŋ˧˧ cɨn˦˥]


thô bỉ

[tʰo˧˧ ʔɓi˧˩]

[tʰow˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˨]

[tʰow˧˧ ʔɓɪj˨˩˦]


thông chốt

[tʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕot̚˧˦]

[tʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕok̚˦˧˥]

[tʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ cok̚˦˥]


thô tục

[tʰo˧˧ tʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[tʰow˧˧ tʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[tʰow˧˧ tʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


quá đáng

[kwaː˧˦ ʔɗaːŋ˧˦]

[kwaː˨˩˦ ʔɗaːŋ˦˧˥]

[waː˦˥ ʔɗaːŋ˦˥]


bỉ ổi

[ʔɓi˧˩ ʔoj˧˩]

[ʔɓɪj˧˨ ʔoj˧˨]

[ʔɓɪj˨˩˦ ʔoj˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 鄙猥, composed of 鄙 (“despise; contempt”) and 猥 (“obscene”).


thuốc lá điện tử

[tʰuək̚˧˦ laː˧˦ ʔɗiən˧˨ʔ tɨ˧˩]

[tʰuək̚˦˧˥ laː˨˩˦ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩ʔ tɨ˧˨]

[tʰuək̚˦˥ laː˦˥ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˨ tɨ˨˩˦]

thuốc lá (“cigarette”) + điện tử (“electronic”).

com

electronic cigarette
electronic cigarette


dẫy

Northern Vietnam and Southern Vietnam form of dãy


bé yêu

[ʔɓɛ˧˦ ʔiəw˧˧]

[ʔɓɛ˨˩˦ ʔiw˧˧]

[ʔɓɛ˦˥ ʔiw˧˧]


vô hình trung

[vo˧˧ hïŋ˨˩ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[vow˧˧ hɨn˦˩ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[vow˧˧ hɨn˨˩ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[jow˧˧ hɨn˨˩ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧]


gia công

[zaː˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[jaː˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[jaː˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

to process (to perform mechanical or chemical operations)


gán ghép

[ɣaːn˧˦ ɣɛp̚˧˦]

[ɣaːŋ˦˧˥ ɣɛp̚˦˧˥]

[ɣaːŋ˦˥ ɣɛp̚˦˥]


nói thách

[nɔj˧˦ tʰajk̟̚˧˦]

[nɔj˨˩˦ tʰat̚˦˧˥]

[nɔj˦˥ tʰat̚˦˥]

price out of the market
price out of the market

to overcharge; to price out of the market


thư sinh

[tʰɨ˧˧ sïŋ˧˧]

[tʰɨ˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧]

[tʰɨ˧˧ sɨn˧˧]

[tʰɨ˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧]

[tʰɨ˧˧ sɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 書生, composed of 書 (“book”) and 生 (“student”).

vi-etym-sino

(historical) a male student who studied Chinese characters and scriptures and who was typically poor and frail


thư sinh

[tʰɨ˧˧ sïŋ˧˧]

[tʰɨ˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧]

[tʰɨ˧˧ sɨn˧˧]

[tʰɨ˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧]

[tʰɨ˧˧ sɨn˧˧]

dáng/tướng thư sinh

— Quê anh thuộc huyện nào? Nàng tiên áo nâu đột nhiên hỏi. Hiện anh làm nghề gì? Trông anh có vẻ thư sinh quá đi!
— Thưa… cô, tôi là học trò. Rất thành thật, tôi đáp. Gặp thời tao loạn nên đã "xếp bút nghiên theo việc đao cung" như tất cả mọi người. Thế còn ni cô?

1998, “VƯỢT ĐỈNH TRĂNG SAO [REACHING BEYOND THE STARS]”, in Kỷ Vật Đầu tay và Cuối Cùng - BÓNG GIAI NHÂN KHÚC TIÊU AI OÁN (1945-1946) [The First and Last Memento: A BEAUTY’S SHADOW, A SAD FLUTE TUNE], page 1021:

“Where are you from?” the angel clad in brown suddenly asked, “What do you do? You have that distinct slender look of a student!”
“Yes,… madam, I am indeed a student” I answered truthfully, “Since it is the time of chaos, I’ve ‘put away my brush and picked up my sword’ like everyone else. What about you?”

Lúc đầu tôi tham gia công việc đồng áng với gia đình. Bà con thấy tôi da trắng và thư sinh quá. Tôi trầm mình trong nước bùn và dưới ánh nắng thấy da mình rám nắng như màu bánh mật, tôi mừng. Nhưng mấy hôm sau, da tróc từng mảng. Trắng lại hoàn trắng.

1998, Tuyển tập HÀ HUY GIÁP [HÀ HUY GIÁP’s Select Works]:

At first I took part in paddy work with my family. Our townsfolk said I was too pale and slender. After submerging in wet mud, my skin went tanned like honey in the sun and I was delighted. But days later, it peeled bit by bit. Pale had I been, pale was I back.

Tài khoản Bùi Hồng Nhung nhận xét: “Ôi thầy da trắng, trông thư sinh quá”. Nguyễn Lan Linh đồng tình, nam giáo viên có gương mặt điển trai và phong cách trẻ trung như Hàn Quốc.

2016 August 28, Thu Thảo with Hàn Triệt, “Thêm thầy giáo hot boy được nữ sinh yêu mến tại Hà Nội [Yet Another Hot Teach Popular with Female Students in Hanoi]”, in Znews.vn - TẠP CHÍ TRI THỨC [Znews.vn: A KNOWLEDGE MAGAZINE]:

User Bùi Hồng Nhung commented, “He’s so pale and proper slender.” Nguyễn Quang Linh agreed, said this teach had that handsome and stylish Korean vibe.

Trần Lực tâm sự, anh đến với điện ảnh hoàn toàn là duyên nghiệp: “Năm ấy, tôi đi học về sân khấu ở Liên Xô mới về nước. Tôi đến đoàn làm phim cùng bạn bè, nhưng ở đó, người ta thấy tôi trắng trẻo quá, thư sinh quá, cứ mời đi đóng phim. Rồi sau đó, những lời mời cứ đến liên tục…”.

2017 February 16, Hà Tùng Long, “NSƯT Trần Lực: “Tôi nhận được nhiều bức thư hỏi sao không cưới Lê Khanh?” [Trần Lực: “I’ve Gotten Letters Asking Why I and Lê Khanh Aren’t a Married Couple”]”, in DÂN TRÍ [PEOPLE’S KNOWLEDGE]:

Trần Lực recounted how completely accidental his film career was, “Back then, I’d just come back from theater school in the Soviet Union. I went to a film set with my friends, but the folks there told me I was pale and slender and kept asking me to act. And then offers just kept coming…”

(of a man) attractively pale and slender like the stereotypical image of a Sinology student of old


đánh tráo

[ʔɗajŋ̟˧˦ t͡ɕaːw˧˦]

[ʔɗɛɲ˦˧˥ ʈaːw˨˩˦]

[ʔɗan˦˥ ʈaːw˦˥]

[…] cho nên những hành vi như là suy luận khiên cưỡng, đánh tráo khái niệm, đưa số liệu sai vào báo cáo có khả năng đều là do bọn họ cố ý làm ra.

2016, chapter 4, in Nguyễn Đức Vịnh, transl., Đừng nói chuyện với cô ấy, part II, NXB Phụ Nữ, translation of 别和她说话 by Yù Jǐn (Ngộ Cẩn):

[…] therefore their actions –far-fetched arguments, mixing up concepts, entering false data in the report– were possibly all intentional.


cặp bồ

[kap̚˧˨ʔ ʔɓo˨˩]

[kap̚˨˩ʔ ʔɓow˦˩]

[kap̚˨˩˨ ʔɓow˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-cặp bồ.wav

cặp + bồ.
Not related to English couple nor French couple, which are all transparent false folk etymology.

to be involved in a romantic relationship


trang nhã

[t͡ɕaːŋ˧˧ ɲaː˦ˀ˥]

[ʈaːŋ˧˧ ɲaː˧˨]

[ʈaːŋ˧˧ ɲaː˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 莊雅, composed of 莊 and 雅.


nền nã

[nəːn˨˩ naː˨˩˦]

well-mannered or well-presented; elegant and/or mild in demeanor or appearance


đồng bóng

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓawŋ͡m˧˦]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɓawŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɓɔŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓawŋ͡m˦˥]

đồng (“medium”) + bóng (“shamaness, female occultist”); the second element is obsolete and seems to be fossilized in this compound, obsolete compound bóng cốt, and phrasal verb hầu bóng.

com

(religion) a spirit medium in Vietnamese folk religion


đồng bóng

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓawŋ͡m˧˦]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɓawŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɓɔŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓawŋ͡m˦˥]


sĩ số

[ʂɪj˧˨ ʂow˨˩˦]

[ʂɪj˨˩˦ ʂow˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 士 (“disciple; student”) and 數 (“number”).

vi-etym-sino

the (total) number of students of a class or a school


dữ liệu di động

[zɨ˦ˀ˥ liəw˧˨ʔ zi˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ]

[jɨ˧˨ liw˨˩ʔ jɪj˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ]

[jɨ˨˩˦ liw˨˩˨ jɪj˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩˨]


chuyển đổi số

[t͡ɕwiən˧˩ ʔɗoj˧˩ so˧˦]

[t͡ɕwiəŋ˧˨ ʔɗoj˧˨ ʂow˨˩˦]

[t͡ɕwiəŋ˧˨ ʔɗoj˧˨ sow˨˩˦]

[c⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩˦ ʔɗoj˨˩˦ ʂow˦˥]

[c⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩˦ ʔɗoj˨˩˦ sow˦˥]

chuyển đổi (“to change”) + số (“digital”).

com

digital transformation
digital transformation


số hoá

[ʂow˨˩˦ hwaː˨˩˦]

[ʂow˦˥ waː˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-số hoá.wav


số hoá

[ʂow˨˩˦ hwaː˨˩˦]

[ʂow˦˥ waː˦˥]


số hóa

Traditional tone placement spelling of số hoá.


trợ giảng

[t͡ɕəː˧˨ʔ zaːŋ˧˩]

[ʈəː˨˩ʔ jaːŋ˧˨]

[ʈəː˨˩˨ jaːŋ˨˩˦]

teaching assistant
teaching assistant#English

education assistant
education assistant#English

a teaching assistant (TA); education assistant; teacher's aide


phân hóa

Traditional tone placement spelling of phân hoá.


thị thực nhập cảnh

[tʰi˧˨ʔ tʰɨk̚˧˨ʔ ɲəp̚˧˨ʔ kajŋ̟˧˩]

[tʰɪj˨˩ʔ tʰɨk̚˨˩ʔ ɲəp̚˨˩ʔ kɛɲ˧˨]

[tʰɪj˨˩˨ tʰɨk̚˨˩˨ ɲəp̚˨˩˨ kan˨˩˦]

thị thực (“visa”) + nhập cảnh (“to enter a country”).


trùng lặp

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˨˩ lap̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˦˩ lap̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˨˩ lap̚˨˩˨]

to repeat or duplicate redundantly and uselessly


hệ thống hóa

Traditional tone placement spelling of hệ thống hoá.


tán dương

[taːn˧˦ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[taːŋ˦˧˥ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[taːŋ˦˥ jɨəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 讚揚, composed of 讚 and 揚.

vi-etym-sino

Tác phẩm của anh ấy đã được nhiều người tán dương vì sự sáng tạo và độc đáo.

His work has been praised by many for its creativity and uniqueness.


phân hoá

[fəŋ˧˧ hwaː˨˩˦]

[fəŋ˧˧ waː˦˥]

Nhiều chính sách kinh tế đang được đưa ra để giảm thiểu sự phân hoá giữa giàu và nghèo.

Many economic policies are being introduced to reduce the polarization between rich and poor.


công hữu

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ hiw˦ˀ˥]

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ hɨw˧˨]

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ hɨw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 公有, composed of 公 and 有.


mị dân

[mi˧˨ʔ zən˧˧]

[mɪj˨˩ʔ jəŋ˧˧]

[mɪj˨˩˨ jəŋ˧˧]

Chính trị gia đó thường xuyên sử dụng lời nói mị dân để thu hút sự ủng hộ của cử tri.

That politician often uses populist rhetoric to attract the support of voters.


kết tinh

[ket̚˧˦ tïŋ˧˧]

[ket̚˦˧˥ tɨn˧˧]

[kəːt̚˦˥ tɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 結晶, composed of 結 and 晶.


kết tinh

[ket̚˧˦ tïŋ˧˧]

[ket̚˦˧˥ tɨn˧˧]

[kəːt̚˦˥ tɨn˧˧]


hệ thống hoá

[he˧˨ʔ tʰəwŋ͡m˧˦ hwaː˧˦]

[hej˨˩ʔ tʰəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ hwaː˨˩˦]

[hej˨˩˨ tʰəwŋ͡m˦˥ waː˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 系統化, composed of 系統 (“system”) and 化 (“-ize”).


hệ thống hoá

[he˧˨ʔ tʰəwŋ͡m˧˦ hwaː˧˦]

[hej˨˩ʔ tʰəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ hwaː˨˩˦]

[hej˨˩˨ tʰəwŋ͡m˦˥ waː˦˥]


rơ-le

[zəː˧˧ lɛ˧˧]

[ʐəː˧˧ lɛ˧˧]

[ɹəː˧˧ lɛ˧˧]


chủ nghĩa yêu nước

[t͡ɕu˧˩ ŋiə˦ˀ˥ ʔiəw˧˧ nɨək̚˧˦]

[t͡ɕʊw˧˨ ŋiə˧˨ ʔiw˧˧ nɨək̚˦˧˥]

[cʊw˨˩˦ ŋiə˨˩˦ ʔiw˧˧ nɨək̚˦˥]


chủ nghĩa quốc tế

[t͡ɕu˧˩ ŋiə˦ˀ˥ kuək̚˧˦ te˧˦]

[t͡ɕʊw˧˨ ŋiə˧˨ kuək̚˦˧˥ tej˨˩˦]

[cʊw˨˩˦ ŋiə˨˩˦ wək̚˦˥ tej˦˥]

chủ nghĩa + quốc tế, calque of Chinese 國際主義／国际主义 (quốc tế chủ nghĩa).


yêu nước

[ʔiəw˧˧ nɨək̚˧˦]

[ʔiw˧˧ nɨək̚˦˧˥]

[ʔiw˧˧ nɨək̚˦˥]


yêu nước

[ʔiəw˧˧ nɨək̚˧˦]

[ʔiw˧˧ nɨək̚˦˧˥]

[ʔiw˧˧ nɨək̚˦˥]


đại đoàn kết

head

đại đoàn kết

đại đoàn kết

vi-noun

đại đoàn kết

đại đoàn kết

[ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ ʔɗwaːn˨˩ ket̚˧˦]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɗwaːŋ˦˩ ket̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʔɗwaːŋ˨˩ kəːt̚˦˥]


đại đoàn kết dân tộc

[ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ ʔɗwaːn˨˩ ket̚˧˦ zən˧˧ təwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɗwaːŋ˦˩ ket̚˦˧˥ jəŋ˧˧ təwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʔɗwaːŋ˨˩ kəːt̚˦˥ jəŋ˧˧ təwk͡p̚˨˩˨]

đại đoàn kết (“great unity”) + dân tộc (“people”).

com

đại đoàn kết

Để xây dựng và bảo vệ Tổ quốc, chúng ta phải phát huy tinh thần đại đoàn kết dân tộc.

In order to build and defend the Fatherland, we must promote the spirit of great national unity.


đại đồng

[ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 大同, composed of 大 and 同.

vi-etym-sino

475 - 221 BCE, Book of Rites - "Ceremonial usages; their origins, development, and intention"'; English translation by James Legge; rough Vietnamese translation by Nguyễn Hoài Vân
Đạo lớn vận hành, thì dưới trời mọi sự đều chung, hiền đức cùng tài năng quy tụ, tỏ bày niềm tin, tu dưỡng hòa mục. Cho nên, người ta không chỉ thân với người thân của mình, không chỉ yêu thương con mình. Khiến cho, già yếu được chăm sóc đến lâm chung, trẻ mạnh có chỗ dùng xứng đáng, ấu nhi đủ điều kiện lớn khôn. Kẻ mất vợ, người góa chồng, kẻ đơn chiếc, người lẻ loi, những ai tàn phế, tật nguyền, đều được nuôi dưỡng. Nam có chức phận tốt đẹp, nữ lập gia đình hạnh phúc. Ghét phí phạm, vứt bỏ hàng hóa, sản vật nhưng chẳng cần tàng trữ cho riêng mình. Ghét tài lực không thi thố, nhưng không chỉ vì mình mà ra sức. Vì vậy, âm mưu bế tắc mất cơ hội hưng khởi; trộm, cướp, loạn, giặc, không còn nơi tác động. Thế nên, cửa ngoài chẳng phải khóa. Ấy là Đại Đồng.
When the Grand course was pursued, a public and common spirit ruled all under the sky; they chose men of talents, virtue, and ability; their words were sincere, and what they cultivated was harmony. Thus men did not love their parents only, nor treat as children only their own sons. A competent provision was secured for the aged till their death, employment for the able-bodied, and the means of growing up to the young. They showed kindness and compassion to widows, orphans, childless men, and those who were disabled by disease, so that they were all sufficiently maintained. Males had their proper work, and females had their homes. (They accumulated) articles (of value), disliking that they should be thrown away upon the ground, but not wishing to keep them for their own gratification. (They laboured) with their strength, disliking that it should not be exerted, but not exerting it (only) with a view to their own advantage. In this way (selfish) schemings were repressed and found no development. Robbers, filchers, and rebellious traitors did not show themselves, and hence the outer doors remained open, and were not shut. This was (the period of) what we call the Grand Union.

475 - 221 BCE, Zhuangzi - "Let It Be, Leave It Alone" ; English translation by Burton Watson; Vietnamese translation by Nguyễn Hiến Lê
Hình hài người đó hoà đồng với vạn vật. Cái gì đại đồng thì “vô kỉ” [không có cái “ta” riêng], đã vô kỉ thì làm gì còn tồn tại [riêng] nữa? Những người mà chúng ta thấy còn tồn tại [riêng] đó chỉ là những bậc quân tử thời xưa; những người chúng ta không thấy tồn tại [riêng] nữa (nghĩa là vô danh), đó mới là bạn của trời đất
His face and form blend with the Great Unity, the Great Unity that is selfless. Being selfless, how then can he look on possession as possession? He who fixed his eyes on possession—he was the “gentleman” of ancient times. He who fixes his eyes on nothingness—he is the true friend of Heaven and earth.

Mong thế giới đại đồng. Tiến lên quân hồng!

1930, Đinh Nhu (attributed) (lyrics and music), “Cùng Nhau Đi Hồng Binh [Let's Go Together, Red Soldiers!]”performed by Huy Cường and Male and Female Singers and Dancers of the General Political Department:

May the world be grandly united! Onward, Red Army!

(Chinese philosophy) Great Unity (utopian vision of the world in which everyone and everything is at peace)


chụp hình

[t͡ɕup̚˧˨ʔ hïŋ˨˩]

[t͡ɕup̚˨˩ʔ hɨn˦˩]

[cʊp̚˨˩˨ hɨn˨˩]

Anh chị em mình cùng chụp hình kỉ niệm nhé!

(Southern Vietnam) to photograph; to take a photo


tùy thời

Traditional tone placement spelling of tuỳ thời.


phi công trẻ

[fi˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕɛ˧˩]

[fɪj˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʈɛ˧˨]

[fɪj˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʈɛ˨˩˦]

(figurative) A younger man who loves or dates older women.


xác pháo

[saːk̚˦˧˥ faːw˨˩˦]


tuỳ thời

[twi˨˩ tʰəːj˨˩]

[twɪj˦˩ tʰəːj˦˩]

[t⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩ tʰəːj˨˩]


máy bay bà già

[maj˧˦ ʔɓaj˧˧ ʔɓaː˨˩ zaː˨˩]

[maj˨˩˦ ʔɓaj˧˧ ʔɓaː˦˩ jaː˦˩]

[ma(ː)j˦˥ ʔɓa(ː)j˧˧ ʔɓaː˨˩ jaː˨˩]

máy bay (“airplane”) + bà già (“old lady”).

compound

(figurative) An older woman who loves a man that is much younger than her (sugar mama, we can say).


thấu tình

[tʰəw˧˦ tïŋ˨˩]

[tʰəw˨˩˦ tɨn˦˩]

[tʰəw˦˥ tɨn˨˩]

to understand the situation; to understand someone's case


đơn giản hóa

Traditional tone placement spelling of đơn giản hoá.


tinh quái

[tïŋ˧˧ kwaːj˧˦]

(especially of children) mischievous; cunning


đơn giản hoá

[ʔɗəːn˧˧ zaːn˧˩ hwaː˧˦]

[ʔɗəːŋ˧˧ jaːŋ˧˨ hwaː˨˩˦]

[ʔɗəːŋ˧˧ jaːŋ˨˩˦ waː˦˥]


đơn giản hoá

[ʔɗəːn˧˧ zaːn˧˩ hwaː˧˦]

[ʔɗəːŋ˧˧ jaːŋ˧˨ hwaː˨˩˦]

[ʔɗəːŋ˧˧ jaːŋ˨˩˦ waː˦˥]


ngày hôm nay

Ngày hôm nay quả là một ngày đẹp trời.


ngày hôm nay

Xin trân trọng cám ơn sự hiện diện của toàn thể quý vị ngày hôm nay.

We would like to extend our thanks to everyone in the audience who are here with us today.

(formal and literary) today (on the current day)


xổi

head

咥, 𠾕, 磊, 𡂳, 𩟬

vi-adv

咥, 𠾕, 磊, 𡂳, 𩟬

vay xổi

to borrow money short-term, to borrow money for a short time

ăn xổi

(lit.) “to eat [freshly prepared foods; e.g. freshly salted vegetables] immediately” > (fig.) “to act rashly and hastily”

Cà này ăn xổi được

These [freshly salted] African eggplants are edible immediately.

Thực hiện kế hoạch đó phải có thời gian, không nên ăn xổi.

We need time to carry out that plan; we must not act rashly and hastily.

ăn xổi ở thì

(lit.) “to eat hastily and to dwell for the moment” > “to live for the moment, to live from day to day, to live by makeshifts”

(obsolete) short-term, soon, immediately, hastily, prematurely


khuây

(chiefly from a psychological burden) relieved; free


trùng trùng

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˨˩ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˦˩ ʈʊwŋ͡m˦˩]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˨˩ ʈʊwŋ͡m˨˩]


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called dấu ngã (“tumbling mark”) in Vietnamese, and found on Ã/ã, Ẵ/ẵ, Ẫ/ẫ, Ẽ/ẽ, Ễ/ễ, Ĩ/ĩ, Õ/õ, Ỗ/ỗ, Ỡ/ỡ, Ũ/ũ, Ữ/ữ and Ỹ/ỹ. Used to indicate mid-rising, glottalized tone.


SYT

[səː˧˩ ʔi˧˧ te˧˦]

[ʂəː˧˨ ʔɪj˧˧ tej˨˩˦]

[səː˧˨ ʔɪj˧˧ tej˨˩˦]

[ʂəː˨˩˦ ʔɪj˧˧ tej˦˥]

[səː˨˩˦ ʔɪj˧˧ tej˦˥]

Initialism of Sở Y tế (“Health Department”).


GPHĐ

[zəj˧˦ fɛp̚˧˦ hwaːt̚˧˨ʔ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ]

[jəj˨˩˦ fɛp̚˦˧˥ hwaːk̚˨˩ʔ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ]

[jəj˦˥ fɛp̚˦˥ waːk̚˨˩˨ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩˨]

Initialism of giấy phép hoạt động (“operating license”).


CCHN

[t͡ɕɨŋ˧˦ t͡ɕi˧˩ hajŋ̟˨˩ ŋe˨˩]

[t͡ɕɨŋ˦˧˥ t͡ɕɪj˧˨ hɛɲ˦˩ ŋej˦˩]

[cɨŋ˦˥ cɪj˨˩˦ han˨˩ ŋej˨˩]

Initialism of chứng chỉ hành nghề (“practicing certificate”).


Biển Trắng

[ʔɓiən˧˩ t͡ɕaŋ˧˦]

[ʔɓiəŋ˧˨ ʈaŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɓiəŋ˨˩˦ ʈaŋ˦˥]


vịnh Thái Lan

[vïŋ˧˨ʔ tʰaːj˧˦ laːn˧˧]

[vɨn˨˩ʔ tʰaːj˨˩˦ laːŋ˧˧]

[vɨn˨˩˨ tʰaːj˦˥ laːŋ˧˧]

[jɨn˨˩˨ tʰaːj˦˥ laːŋ˧˧]


vị tinh

[vi˧˨ʔ tïŋ˧˧]

[vɪj˨˩ʔ tɨn˧˧]

[vɪj˨˩˨ tɨn˧˧]

[jɪj˨˩˨ tɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 味精. Doublet of mì chính.

monosodium glutamate
monosodium glutamate


Biển Đỏ

[ʔɓiən˧˩ ʔɗɔ˧˩]

[ʔɓiəŋ˧˨ ʔɗɔ˧˨]

[ʔɓiəŋ˨˩˦ ʔɗɔ˨˩˦]


gieo nhân nào gặt quả nấy

[zɛw˧˧ ɲən˧˧ naːw˨˩ ɣat̚˧˨ʔ kwaː˧˩ nəj˧˦]

[jɛw˧˧ ɲəŋ˧˧ naːw˦˩ ɣak̚˨˩ʔ kwaː˧˨ nəj˨˩˦]

[jɛw˧˧ ɲəŋ˧˧ naːw˨˩ ɣak̚˨˩˨ waː˨˩˦ nəj˦˥]

you reap what you sow
you reap what you sow


bày trí

[ʔɓaj˨˩ t͡ɕi˧˦]

[ʔɓaj˦˩ ʈɪj˨˩˦]

[ʔɓa(ː)j˨˩ ʈɪj˦˥]

Probably a calque of Chinese 佈置／布置 (bố trí).

cách bày trí đồ đạc trong phòng


lan tràn

[laːn˧˧ t͡ɕaːn˨˩]

[laːŋ˧˧ ʈaːŋ˦˩]

[laːŋ˧˧ ʈaːŋ˨˩]

to spread quickly and virulently over a wide range


mơ màng

[məː˧˧ maːŋ˨˩]

[məː˧˧ maːŋ˦˩]

[məː˧˧ maːŋ˨˩]

to fervently long for (unrealistic things etc.)


cơ hàn

[kəː˧˧ haːn˨˩]

[kəː˧˧ haːŋ˦˩]

[kəː˧˧ haːŋ˨˩]


𡀯

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 傳 (truyện)


mảnh khảnh

[majŋ̟˧˩ xajŋ̟˧˩]

[mɛɲ˧˨ kʰɛɲ˧˨]

[mɛɲ˧˨ xɛɲ˧˨]

Cô gái mảnh khảnh đứng trên sân khấu hát rất hay.

The slender girl standing on the stage sang beautifully.


xóm nhà lá

[sɔm˧˦ ɲaː˨˩ laː˧˦]

[sɔm˦˧˥ ɲaː˦˩ laː˨˩˦]

[sɔm˦˥ ɲaː˨˩ laː˦˥]

(uncommon or dated) a "traditional" poor neighborhood; a slum characterized by old-time thatched huts

(humorous) an spontaneously formed band or clique


độc mồm độc miệng

[ʔɗəwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ mom˨˩ ʔɗəwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ miəŋ˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗəwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ mom˦˩ ʔɗəwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ miəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗəwk͡p̚˨˩˨ mom˨˩ ʔɗəwk͡p̚˨˩˨ miəŋ˨˩˨]

(of a person) verbally hateful and wicked


phù hộ

Sino-Vietnamese word from 扶 (“to help”) and 護 (“to protect”).

vi-etym-sino

phù hộ, độ trì

Cầu bà/Phật/Chúa phù hộ cho con.

I pray that my grandmother/Buddha/the Lord is watching over me.

(religion, occult, of a god or deceased relative) to watch over


mựa

Likely of Sino-Tibetan origin, although probably not from 無 (OC *ma) (or others from the m-series) due to lacking tonal correspondence. Compare Burmese မ (ma.), Lisu ꓟꓽ (mɑ̀).

義(Nghĩa)仁(nhân)礼(lễ)智(trí)馬(mựa)朱(cho)亐(khuây)

15th century, Nguyễn Trãi, “謾述 Mạn thuật 3”, in Quốc âm thi tập (國音詩集):

Probity, humaneness, propriety, wisdom; do not let them dwindle!


hoàn hồn

[hwaːŋ˦˩ hoŋ˦˩]

[waːŋ˨˩ hoŋ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 還魂 (“to come back to life”).

Cho em xin vài phút để hoàn hồn.

Give me a couple minutes to compose myself.


nên hồn

[nəːn˧˧ hoŋ˨˩]

Viết thư đơn giản mà viết cũng không nên hồn !

You can't even write a simple letter to save your life!

for the life of one
for the life of one#English

to save one's life
to save one's life#English

(chiefly in the negative) for the life of one; to save one's life


nàng tiên cá

[naːŋ˨˩ tiən˧˧ kaː˧˦]

[naːŋ˦˩ tiəŋ˧˧ kaː˨˩˦]

[naːŋ˨˩ tiəŋ˧˧ kaː˦˥]

Compound word from nàng tiên + cá (“fish”).

30/12/2012, Huyền Thanh, Theo dấu Nàng tiên cá - đại sứ du lịch của Đan Mạch, Dân Việt

Next to those giant things, the mermaid sat atop a tottering granite rock, small, quiet, and whose sad face half-looked towards the shore, half-looked towards the sea.

Bên cạnh những thứ khổng lồ ấy, nàng tiên cá ngồi trên một tảng đá granit chênh vênh, trông hết sức nhỏ bé, lặng lẽ, khuôn mặt u buồn nửa hướng vào bờ, nửa nhìn ra biển.


lủng lẳng

[lʊwŋ͡m˧˩ laŋ˧˩]

[lʊwŋ͡m˧˨ laŋ˧˨]

[lʊwŋ͡m˨˩˦ laŋ˨˩˦]

Chiếc quạt lủng lẳng treo trên trần nhà, rung rinh khi có gió.

The fan dangles from the ceiling and flutters when there is a wind.


săm soi

[ʂam˧˧ ʂɔj˧˧]

[ʂam˧˧ ʂɔj˧˧]

Cô bé săm soi bức tranh trên tường, thấy rất đẹp và lạ mắt.

The young lady looked at the picture on the wall and found it very beautiful but strange-looking as well.

to enjoy watching something over and over again

Anh ta săm soi giấy tờ của tôi, như muốn tìm ra lỗi sai nào đó.

He scrutinized my papers, as if he tried to find some mistake.


nút bần

[nut̚˧˦ ʔɓən˨˩]

[nʊk̚˦˧˥ ʔɓəŋ˦˩]

[nʊk͡p̚˦˥ ʔɓəŋ˨˩]

nút (“cork”) + bần (“Sonneratia caseolaris, the cork tree”).


quây quần

[kwəj˧˧ kwəŋ˦˩]

[wəj˧˧ wəŋ˨˩]

to gather; to assemble (esp. in a friendly context)


hoà thuận

[hwaː˨˩ tʰwən˧˨ʔ]

[hwaː˦˩ tʰwəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[waː˨˩ tʰ⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˨˩˨]

* hòa thuận
Sino-Vietnamese word from 和順.

amiable; warm; harmonious; free of conflict; communal


hoà thuận

[hwaː˨˩ tʰwən˧˨ʔ]

[hwaː˦˩ tʰwəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[waː˨˩ tʰ⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˨˩˨]


vô ngần

[vo˧˧ ŋən˨˩]

[vow˧˧ ŋəŋ˦˩]

[vow˧˧ ŋəŋ˨˩]

[jow˧˧ ŋəŋ˨˩]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 無垠 (SV: vô ngân).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">vô ngân</i>

vi-etym-sino

(literary) incomparably; nonpareil; without limit


dật sự

[zət̚˧˨ʔ sɨ˧˨ʔ]

[jək̚˨˩ʔ ʂɨ˨˩ʔ]

[jək̚˨˩ʔ sɨ˨˩ʔ]

[jək̚˨˩˨ ʂɨ˨˩˨]

[jək̚˨˩˨ sɨ˨˩˨]

(uncommon aside from Chinese history and media contexts) anecdote; unknown fact


hòa thuận

Traditional tone placement spelling of hoà thuận.


điện mặt trời

[ʔɗiən˧˨ʔ mat̚˧˨ʔ t͡ɕəːj˨˩]

[ʔɗiəŋ˨˩ʔ mak̚˨˩ʔ ʈəːj˦˩]

[ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˨ mak̚˨˩˨ ʈəːj˨˩]

điện (“electricity”) + mặt trời (“Sun”).

Tôi đã lắp đặt hệ thống điện mặt trời trên mái nhà để tiết kiệm chi phí điện và bảo vệ môi trường.

I have installed a solar power system on my roof to save electricity costs and to protect the environment.


điện Mặt Trời

Alternative letter-case form of điện mặt trời


dễ bảo

[ze˦ˀ˥ ʔɓaːw˧˩]

[jej˧˨ ʔɓaːw˧˨]

[jej˨˩˦ ʔɓaːw˨˩˦]


mến yêu

[məːn˦˥ ʔiw˧˧]


dơ dáy

[zəː˧˧ zaj˧˦]

[jəː˧˧ jaj˨˩˦]


hăng say

[haŋ˧˧ ʂaj˧˧]


sau rốt

[ʂaw˧˧ ʐok̚˦˧˥]

[saw˧˧ ʐok̚˦˧˥]

[ʂa(ː)w˧˧ ɹok̚˦˥]


sau chót

[saw˧˧ t͡ɕɔt̚˧˦]

[ʂaw˧˧ t͡ɕɔk̚˦˧˥]

[saw˧˧ t͡ɕɔk̚˦˧˥]

[ʂa(ː)w˧˧ cɔk̚˦˥]


ruột rà

[zuət̚˧˨ʔ zaː˨˩]

[ʐuək̚˨˩ʔ ʐaː˦˩]

[ɹuək̚˨˩˨ ɹaː˨˩]

relationships between familial relatives


con một

[kɔn˧˧ mot̚˧˨ʔ]

[kɔŋ˧˧ mok̚˨˩ʔ]

[kɔŋ˧˧ mok̚˨˩˨]


kính nhường

[kïŋ˧˦ ɲɨəŋ˨˩]

[kɨn˦˧˥ ɲɨəŋ˦˩]

[kɨn˦˥ ɲɨəŋ˨˩]

to respectfully yield to; to make concessions to


gợi tả

[ɣəːj˧˨ʔ taː˧˩]

[ɣəːj˨˩ʔ taː˧˨]

[ɣəːj˨˩˨ taː˨˩˦]


dữ dằn

[zɨ˦ˀ˥ zan˨˩]

[jɨ˧˨ jaŋ˦˩]

[jɨ˨˩˦ jaŋ˨˩]

dữ + dằn. "dằn" is possibly a fossil and derives from a non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 寅 (“3rd Earth Branch; tiger in Chinese zodiac”, SV: dần); if so, dữ dằn would have originally meant "fierce, ferocious as a tiger".

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">dần</i>


sáng láng

[saːŋ˧˦ laːŋ˧˦]

[ʂaːŋ˦˧˥ laːŋ˦˧˥]

[saːŋ˦˧˥ laːŋ˦˧˥]

[ʂaːŋ˦˥ laːŋ˦˥]

[saːŋ˦˥ laːŋ˦˥]


nhỏ nhẹ

[ɲɔ˧˩ ɲɛ˧˨ʔ]

[ɲɔ˧˨ ɲɛ˨˩ʔ]

[ɲɔ˨˩˦ ɲɛ˨˩˨]

nhỏ nhẹ khuyên nhủ

(of words) soft and light; easy to listen to


thỏ thẻ

[tʰɔ˧˩ tʰɛ˧˩]

[tʰɔ˧˨ tʰɛ˧˨]

[tʰɔ˨˩˦ tʰɛ˨˩˦]

(of words) soft and leisurely in a cute way


thỏ thẻ

[tʰɔ˧˩ tʰɛ˧˩]

[tʰɔ˧˨ tʰɛ˧˨]

[tʰɔ˨˩˦ tʰɛ˨˩˦]

to speak softly and tenderly; to whisper


hỏa diệm sơn

Traditional tone placement spelling of hoả diệm sơn.


sống sót

[səwŋ͡m˧˦ sɔt̚˧˦]

[ʂəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ ʂɔk̚˦˧˥]

[səwŋ͡m˦˧˥ sɔk̚˦˧˥]

[ʂəwŋ͡m˦˥ ʂɔk̚˦˥]

[səwŋ͡m˦˥ sɔk̚˦˥]

to survive; to live past a major disaster, upheaval, or other dangerous event that leaves many others dead


đích thị

[ʔɗïk̟̚˧˦ tʰi˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗɨt̚˦˧˥ tʰɪj˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗɨt̚˦˥ tʰɪj˨˩˨]

Nó đích thị là thằng ăn trộm tối qua.


răn dạy

[ʐaŋ˧˧ jaj˨˩ʔ]

[ɹaŋ˧˧ ja(ː)j˨˩˨]

to admonish; to teach in a strict or draconian manner, esp. on manners and/or morality


nhà nông

[ɲaː˨˩ nəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ nəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ nəwŋ͡m˧˧]

(often intimate or endearing) a farmer; an agricultural worker; a peasant


tuổi xuân

[tuj˨˩˦ s⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˧˧]


lẽ phải

[lɛ˦ˀ˥ faːj˧˩]

[lɛ˧˨ faːj˧˨]

[lɛ˨˩˦ faːj˨˩˦]

the right thing; what is considered rational and reasonable


treo cổ

[t͡ɕɛw˧˧ ko˧˩]

[ʈɛw˧˧ kow˧˨]

[ʈɛw˧˧ kow˨˩˦]


có lí

[kɔ˨˩˦ lɪj˨˩˦]

[kɔ˦˥ lɪj˦˥]


giản đồ

[zaːn˧˩ ʔɗo˨˩]

[jaːŋ˧˨ ʔɗow˦˩]

[jaːŋ˨˩˦ ʔɗow˨˩]

a diagram; a line drawing used to represent an object, phenomenon, etc.


sùi sụt

[ʂuj˦˩ ʂʊk̚˨˩ʔ]

[suj˦˩ sʊk̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʂuj˨˩ ʂʊk͡p̚˨˩˨]

[suj˨˩ sʊk͡p̚˨˩˨]

in a tearful melodramatic fashion; in a lachrymose way


thẳng góc

[tʰaŋ˧˩ ɣawk͡p̚˧˦]

[tʰaŋ˧˨ ɣawk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[tʰaŋ˨˩˦ ɣawk͡p̚˦˥]

perpendicular; joining together to form a right angle


suy luận

[ʂwɪj˧˧ lwəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[swɪj˧˧ lwəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[ʂ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˧˧ l⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˨˩˨]

[s⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˧˧ l⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 推論, composed of 推 and 論.


uổng phí

[ʔuəŋ˧˩ fi˧˦]

[ʔuəŋ˧˨ fɪj˨˩˦]

[ʔuəŋ˨˩˦ fɪj˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 枉費, composed of 枉 and 費.

to waste (time, effort, money, etc.) in vain


ngón tay trỏ

[ŋɔn˧˦ taj˧˧ t͡ɕɔ˧˩]

[ŋɔŋ˦˧˥ taj˧˧ ʈɔ˧˨]

[ŋɔŋ˦˥ ta(ː)j˧˧ ʈɔ˨˩˦]


ra hiệu

[zaː˧˧ hiəw˧˨ʔ]

[ʐaː˧˧ hiw˨˩ʔ]

[ɹaː˧˧ hiw˨˩˨]


yên lành

[ʔiən˧˧ lajŋ̟˨˩]

[ʔiəŋ˧˧ lɛɲ˦˩]

[ʔiəŋ˧˧ lan˨˩]


xá tội

[saː˨˩˦ toj˨˩ʔ]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 赦罪, composed of 赦 and 罪.


vần thơ

[vən˨˩ tʰəː˧˧]

[vəŋ˦˩ tʰəː˧˧]

[vəŋ˨˩ tʰəː˧˧]

[jəŋ˨˩ tʰəː˧˧]


thấm thoát

[tʰəm˧˦ tʰwaːt̚˧˦]

[tʰəm˦˧˥ tʰwaːk̚˦˧˥]

[tʰəm˦˥ tʰ⁽ʷ⁾aːk̚˦˥]

(of time) passing quickly; fleeting; ephemeral

almost reaching a certain amount of time since an event


tuổi xanh

[tuj˧˨ sɛɲ˧˧]


dân chúng

[zən˧˧ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˦]

[jəŋ˧˧ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[jəŋ˧˧ cʊwŋ͡m˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 民眾, composed of 民 and 眾.


hoả diệm sơn

[hwaː˧˩ ziəm˧˨ʔ səːn˧˧]

[hwaː˧˨ jiəm˨˩ʔ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[hwaː˧˨ jiəm˨˩ʔ səːŋ˧˧]

[waː˨˩˦ jim˨˩˨ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[waː˨˩˦ jim˨˩˨ səːŋ˧˧]

Hỏa điệm sơn thì cũng như núi thường, nhưng mà trên đỉnh núi có lỗ thông xuống tim đất, những khí chất nóng ở ruột quả đất phun lên.

1908, Trần Văn Thông, “Địa lý”, in Vạn vật luận và vệ sinh (Histoire naturelle et Hygiène):

The volcanoes are similar to normal mountains, but at the their peak there is a tunnel leads deep into the ground, helping hot gases from the Earth's core escape.


xúm xít

[sʊm˦˥ sɨt̚˦˥]


chuyển tiếp

[t͡ɕwiən˧˩ tiəp̚˧˦]

[t͡ɕwiəŋ˧˨ tiəp̚˦˧˥]

[c⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩˦ tip̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 轉接, composed of 轉 and 接.

(writing) to transition from one paragraph to the next


thức uống

[tʰɨk̚˧˦ ʔuəŋ˧˦]

[tʰɨk̚˦˧˥ ʔuəŋ˦˧˥]

[tʰɨk̚˦˥ ʔuəŋ˦˥]

Nước cam là một thức uống.


vong nhân

[vawŋ͡m˧˧ ɲən˧˧]

[vawŋ͡m˧˧ ɲəŋ˧˧]

[vɔŋ˧˧ ɲəŋ˧˧]

[vawŋ͡m˧˧ ɲəŋ˧˧]

[jawŋ͡m˧˧ ɲəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 亡人, composed of 亡 and 人.

𡗶朱眉𬺗世間
亡人庄矣爲罢𱺵眉

(Can we date this quote?), Cúng lễ phù chú (供禮符咒):

Heaven gave you free rein down here,
Is it not because of you that people die?

Trời cho mày xuống thế gian,
Vong nhân chẳng hãy vì bởi là mày.

(honorific) the dead; the deceased; the departed


nô đùa

[no˧˧ ʔɗuə˨˩]

[now˧˧ ʔɗuə˦˩]

[now˧˧ ʔɗuə˨˩]


sờ mó

[səː˨˩ mɔ˧˦]

[ʂəː˦˩ mɔ˨˩˦]

[səː˦˩ mɔ˨˩˦]

[ʂəː˨˩ mɔ˦˥]

[səː˨˩ mɔ˦˥]


nước uống

[nɨək̚˧˦ ʔuəŋ˧˦]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ ʔuəŋ˦˧˥]

[nɨək̚˦˥ ʔuəŋ˦˥]


như nhau

[ɲɨ˧˧ ɲaw˧˧]

[ɲɨ˧˧ ɲaw˧˧]

[ɲɨ˧˧ ɲa(ː)w˧˧]


phụ giáo

[fʊw˨˩ʔ jaːw˨˩˦]

[fʊw˨˩˨ jaːw˦˥]

a teacher's assistant, esp. in college or university; a TA


hư đời

[hɨ˧˧ ʔɗəːj˨˩]

[hɨ˧˧ ʔɗəːj˦˩]

[hɨ˧˧ ʔɗəːj˨˩]

to be a bad influence on society; to corrupt (e.g. one's life, the youth)


quyền huynh thế phụ

[kwiən˨˩ hwïŋ̟˧˧ tʰe˧˦ fu˧˨ʔ]

[kwiəŋ˦˩ hwɨn˧˧ tʰej˨˩˦ fʊw˨˩ʔ]

[wiəŋ˨˩ wɨn˧˧ tʰej˦˥ fʊw˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 權, 兄, 替 and 父.

(historical) in feudal morality systems, the right of the elder brother of a family to take his father's place in handling familial affairs


sách báo

[sajk̟̚˧˦ ʔɓaːw˧˦]

[ʂat̚˦˧˥ ʔɓaːw˨˩˦]

[sat̚˦˧˥ ʔɓaːw˨˩˦]

[ʂat̚˦˥ ʔɓaːw˦˥]

[sat̚˦˥ ʔɓaːw˦˥]

(general) books and newspapers; the press


ngô đồng

[ŋo˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩]

[ŋow˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩]

[ŋow˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩]

the Chinese parasol tree (Firmiana simplex), a large tree with lightweight wood often used to make the soundboards of instruments like the guzheng and guqin etc.


khung cửi

[xʊwŋ͡m˧˧ kɨj˧˩]

[kʰʊwŋ͡m˧˧ kɨj˧˨]

[xʊwŋ͡m˧˧ kɨj˧˨]

[kʰʊwŋ͡m˧˧ kɨj˨˩˦]

[xʊwŋ͡m˧˧ kɨj˨˩˦]


tha tội

[tʰaː˧˧ toj˧˨ʔ]

[tʰaː˧˧ toj˨˩ʔ]

[tʰaː˧˧ toj˨˩˨]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 赦罪 (SV: xá tội).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">xá tội</i>


e sợ

[ʔɛ˧˧ səː˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɛ˧˧ ʂəː˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɛ˧˧ səː˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɛ˧˧ ʂəː˨˩˨]

[ʔɛ˧˧ səː˨˩˨]


遠想

chữ Hán form of viễn tưởng (“futuristically fictional”).


mong mỏi

[mɔŋ˧˧ mɔj˧˨]

[mawŋ͡m˧˧ mɔj˨˩˦]

to wait impatiently; to fervently long for; to urgently wish


oái oăm

[ʔwaːj˨˩˦ ʔwam˧˧]

causing frustration; winding and difficult


ngoắt ngoéo

[ŋwat̚˧˦ ŋwɛw˧˦]

[ŋwak̚˦˧˥ ŋwɛw˨˩˦]

[ŋwak̚˦˥ ŋwɛw˦˥]

đường ngoắt ngoéo

tính ngoắt ngoéo


khấn khứa

[xən˧˦ xɨə˧˦]

[kʰəŋ˦˧˥ kʰɨə˨˩˦]

[xəŋ˦˧˥ xɨə˨˩˦]

[kʰəŋ˦˥ kʰɨə˦˥]

[xəŋ˦˥ xɨə˦˥]

to beg or pray to gods, spirits or ancestors


toẹt

[t⁽ʷ⁾ɛk̚˨˩˨]


toẹt

[t⁽ʷ⁾ɛk̚˨˩˨]


thu góp

[tʰu˧˧ ɣɔp̚˧˦]

[tʰʊw˧˧ ɣɔp̚˦˧˥]

[tʰʊw˧˧ ɣɔp̚˦˥]


dân quyền

[jəŋ˧˧ kwiəŋ˦˩]

[jəŋ˧˧ wiəŋ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 民權, composed of 民 and 權.


ê hề

(colloquial) in great abundance to the point that one feels unable to use all of said abundant thing


đấu thủ

[ʔɗəw˧˦ tʰu˧˩]

[ʔɗəw˨˩˦ tʰʊw˧˨]

[ʔɗəw˦˥ tʰʊw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 鬥手, composed of 鬥 and 手.

a competitor in a game or sport; a player


đến mức

[ʔɗen˧˦ mɨk̚˧˦]

[ʔɗen˦˧˥ mɨk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗəːn˦˥ mɨk̚˦˥]


ma gà

[maː˧˧ ɣaː˨˩]

[maː˧˧ ɣaː˦˩]

[maː˧˧ ɣaː˨˩]

a chicken ghost; a chicken demon; a spirit that takes the form of a chicken and makes people ill


sau hết

[ʂaw˧˧ het̚˦˧˥]

[ʂa(ː)w˧˧ həːt̚˦˥]

after all is said and done
after all is said and done

the end; in the last place; after all is said and done


mơ tưởng

[məː˧˧ tɨəŋ˧˩]

[məː˧˧ tɨəŋ˧˨]

[məː˧˧ tɨəŋ˨˩˦]


hão huyền

[haːw˨˩˦ wiəŋ˨˩]

mơ mộng hão huyền

Tôi sẽ lập tức lui quân, để dẹp ra đường về cho các ngài. Phàm ngài có truyền bảo gì, tôi đều nghe theo hết. Còn nếu không thế, thì dẫu muôn câu nghìn lời e cũng đều thành hão huyền cả thôi.

1999, “LẠI THƯ GỬI VƯƠNG THÔNG [ANOTHER LETTER TO WANG TONG]”, in Phan Duy Tiếp, transl., edited by Nguyễn Văn Nguyên, NGUYỄN TRÃI TOÀN TẬP TÂN BIÊN [NGUYỄN TRÃI’S COMPLETE BIOGRAPHY: NEW EDITION], volume 1, Nhà xuất bản Văn học, page 606:

I shall retreat and make way for you. In case you have something to ask, I will listen. If I do not, even a thousand words from my mouth will ring hollow.

Muốn hay không, tiên sinh vẫn phải đóng trọn vai trò nhà nho, mà phần lớn là hủ nho, tống nho, chỉ biết văn chương ngâm vịnh hão huyền đã xa với tinh thần duy lý chân truyền của đạo nho từ nhiều đời rồi.

1970, Vũ-Trọng Ứng, “tiểu sử và thành-tích của cụ Tô-Nam Nguyễn-đình-Diệm [Master Tô Nam Nguyễn Đình Diệm’s biography and achievements]”, in VĂN-HÓA TẬP-SAN [CULTURAL JOURNAL], volume 19, Nha Văn-Hóa Phủ Quốc-Vụ-Khanh Đặc Trách Văn-Hóa, page 55:

Like it or not, he still has to fulfil his role as a Confucianist, and most of his peers are corrupt, or of the Neo-Confucianist ilk, who only conceitedly recite scripture and poetry, and have strayed away from the Confucianist spirit of reason and truth for ages.

(of a dream, wish, hope or thought) fantastical; delusional

wish; hope or thought; wish; hope or thought


Mục-kiền-liên

[mʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ kiən˨˩ liən˧˧]

[mʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ kiəŋ˦˩ liəŋ˧˧]

[mʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨ kiəŋ˨˩ liəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 目犍連, itself a transliteration of Sanskrit मौद्गल्यायन (maudgalyāyana).

translit

(Buddhism) Maudgalyayana, one of the Ten Principal Disciples of Gautama Buddha.


bánh phu thê

[ʔɓajŋ̟˧˦ fu˧˧ tʰe˧˧]

[ʔɓɛɲ˦˧˥ fʊw˧˧ tʰej˧˧]

[ʔɓan˦˥ fʊw˧˧ tʰej˧˧]

bánh + phu thê, litt. "husband and wife cake".

banh phu the: a Vietnamese dessert made from rice with mung bean stuffing wrapped in a box made of pandan leaves, commonly served at Vietnamese wedding banquets


ước ao

[ʔɨək̚˧˦ ʔaːw˧˧]

[ʔɨək̚˦˧˥ ʔaːw˧˧]

[ʔɨək̚˦˥ ʔaːw˧˧]


trẻ thơ

[t͡ɕɛ˧˩ tʰəː˧˧]

[ʈɛ˧˨ tʰəː˧˧]

[ʈɛ˨˩˦ tʰəː˧˧]

(by extension) a young and inexperienced person


giúp việc

[zup̚˧˦ viək̚˧˨ʔ]

[jup̚˦˧˥ viək̚˨˩ʔ]

[jʊp̚˦˥ viək̚˨˩˨]

[jʊp̚˦˥ jiək̚˨˩˨]


giúp việc

[zup̚˧˦ viək̚˧˨ʔ]

[jup̚˦˧˥ viək̚˨˩ʔ]

[jʊp̚˦˥ viək̚˨˩˨]

[jʊp̚˦˥ jiək̚˨˩˨]


nhẫn nại

[ɲən˦ˀ˥ naːj˧˨ʔ]

[ɲəŋ˧˨ naːj˨˩ʔ]

[ɲəŋ˨˩˦ naːj˨˩˨]


mèo mả gà đồng

[mɛw˨˩ maː˧˩ ɣaː˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩]

[mɛw˦˩ maː˧˨ ɣaː˦˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩]

[mɛw˨˩ maː˨˩˦ ɣaː˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩]

Literally "graveyard cats and field [i.e. wild] chickens".
gà đồng also means "(edible) frog".

(idiomatic, derogatory, often used attributive) vagabond; hobo


héo queo

[hɛw˨˩˦ kwɛw˧˧]

[hɛw˦˥ wɛw˧˧]

(colloquial) very wilted; very shriveled


gấp khúc

[ɣəp̚˧˦ xʊwk͡p̚˧˦]

[ɣəp̚˦˧˥ kʰʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[ɣəp̚˦˧˥ xʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[ɣəp̚˦˥ kʰʊwk͡p̚˦˥]

[ɣəp̚˦˥ xʊwk͡p̚˦˥]


nương náu

[nɨəŋ˧˧ naw˧˦]

[nɨəŋ˧˧ naw˨˩˦]

[nɨəŋ˧˧ na(ː)w˦˥]

to hide in a place for shelter and protection; to take refuge


tựa đề

[tɨə˧˨ʔ ʔɗe˨˩]

[tɨə˨˩ʔ ʔɗej˦˩]

[tɨə˨˩˨ ʔɗej˨˩]


đền đáp

[ʔɗen˨˩ ʔɗaːp̚˧˦]

[ʔɗen˦˩ ʔɗaːp̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗəːn˨˩ ʔɗaːp̚˦˥]

to pay back an act of kindness; to return the favor; to repay a kindness with gratitude


vô phước

[vo˧˧ fɨək̚˧˦]

[vow˧˧ fɨək̚˦˧˥]

[vow˧˧ fɨək̚˦˥]

[jow˧˧ fɨək̚˦˥]


dưỡng lão

[zɨəŋ˦ˀ˥ laːw˦ˀ˥]

[jɨəŋ˧˨ laːw˧˨]

[jɨəŋ˨˩˦ laːw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 養老, composed of 養 and 老.

vi-etym-sino

nhà dưỡng lão


báo đáp

[ʔɓaːw˧˦ ʔɗaːp̚˧˦]

[ʔɓaːw˨˩˦ ʔɗaːp̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓaːw˦˥ ʔɗaːp̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 報答, composed of 報 and 答.

to repay (someone's favor, kindness, etc.); to requite; to pay back; to return


an dưỡng

[ʔaːn˧˧ zɨəŋ˦ˀ˥]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˨]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 安養, composed of 安 and 養.

Bị thương, đi bệnh viện, đi an dưỡng (Nguyễn Khải).

Be injured, go to the hospital, go and get some rest.

to rest and recuperate; to foster and recover one's strength


quạu đeo

[kwaw˧˨ʔ ʔɗɛw˧˧]

[kwaw˨˩ʔ ʔɗɛw˧˧]

[wa(ː)w˨˩˨ ʔɗɛw˧˧]


hòa hảo

Traditional tone placement spelling of hoà hảo.


hoà hảo

[waː˨˩ haːw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 和好, composed of 和 and 好.


Hoà Hảo

[waː˨˩ haːw˨˩˦]

Hòa Hảo (Buddhist new religious movement in Vietnam)


mộ đạo

[mo˧˨ʔ ʔɗaːw˧˨ʔ]

[mow˨˩ʔ ʔɗaːw˨˩ʔ]

[mow˨˩˨ ʔɗaːw˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 慕道, composed of 慕 and 道.

Gần nhà có bà cụ mộ đạo lắm, cứ tới kì là đi đền chùa cúng bái.

I know an old lady in my neighborhood who is very religious and would regularly go pay tributes at the temples.


Lão giáo

Sino-Vietnamese word from 老 (“Laozi”) and 教 (“religion”).


truyền giáo

[ʈwiəŋ˦˩ jaːw˨˩˦]

[ʈ⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩ jaːw˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 傳教, composed of 傳 and 教.

to preach; to tell someone to spread one's religion


truyền đạo

[t͡ɕwiən˨˩ ʔɗaːw˧˨ʔ]

[ʈwiəŋ˦˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩ʔ]

[ʈ⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 傳道, composed of 傳 and 道.


quê nhà

[kwe˧˧ ɲaː˨˩]

[wej˧˧ ɲaː˨˩]

(endearing) one's dear hometown; one's dear homeland


tam giáo

Sino-Vietnamese word from 三教, composed of 三 (“three”) and 教 (“teachings; religions”).

(Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, Caodaism) the three principal philosophies originated from China, Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism

Confucianism; Taoism; Confucianism; Taoism


tụng kinh

[tʊwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ kïŋ˧˧]

[tʊwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ kɨn˧˧]

[tʊwŋ͡m˨˩˨ kɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 誦經, composed of 誦 and 經.

(Buddhism) to read scriptures; to chant sutras


phòng ăn

[fawŋ͡m˦˩ ʔaŋ˧˧]

[fɔŋ˦˩ ʔaŋ˧˧]

[fawŋ͡m˨˩ ʔaŋ˧˧]


giường hai tầng

[zɨəŋ˨˩ haːj˧˧ təŋ˨˩]

[jɨəŋ˦˩ haːj˧˧ təŋ˦˩]

[jɨəŋ˨˩ haːj˧˧ təŋ˨˩]


giảng đạo

[zaːŋ˧˩ ʔɗaːw˧˨ʔ]

[jaːŋ˧˨ ʔɗaːw˨˩ʔ]

[jaːŋ˨˩˦ ʔɗaːw˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 講道, composed of 講 and 道.

(religion) to preach about religion; to sermonize

Bớt giảng đạo đi ba, chả ai quan tâm đâu.

Dude stop preaching, nobody gives a damn about what you say.

(by extension, colloquial, might be offensive) to preach; to be preachy


đầu cua tai nheo

[ʔɗəw˨˩ kuə˧˧ taːj˧˧ ɲɛw˧˧]

[ʔɗəw˦˩ kuə˧˧ taːj˧˧ ɲɛw˧˧]

[ʔɗəw˨˩ kuə˧˧ taːj˧˧ ɲɛw˧˧]

Literally "crab's head and catfish's ears".
Some articles also suggest that the morpheme tai here is not "ear", but Chinese 鰓／鳃 (“fish gill”) (SV: tai), so the phrase is instead "crab's head and catfish's gills".


ngoại đạo

[ŋwaːj˧˨ʔ ʔɗaːw˧˨ʔ]

[ŋwaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɗaːw˨˩ʔ]

[ŋwaːj˨˩˨ ʔɗaːw˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 外道, composed of 外 and 道.

(religion) unorthodox teachings; heresy; heterodoxy

(religion) one who believes in a different religion; a heretic; a heathen; a pagan


tiếp khách

[tiəp̚˦˧˥ kʰat̚˦˧˥]

[tiəp̚˦˧˥ xat̚˦˧˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 接客, composed of 接 and 客.

(outdated, of a prostitute) to receive a client


quạu quọ

[wa(ː)w˨˩˨ wɔ˨˩˨]

mặt mày quạu quọ

(of facial expression) frowning; scowling


quợn

quợn bụng

having a hard time dealing with the content in the stomach

(Southern Vietnam, colloquial, of stomach) uneasy, as similar to urge to vomit


quợn

(Southern Vietnam, colloquial) to fear; to be scared


hôi hám

Bên hông toà nhà là một bãi rác hôi hám do người dân khu này đổ bậy.

Right next to the building is a foul-smelling garbage dump that people in the area irresponsibly disposed.


khéo tay

[kʰɛw˨˩˦ taj˧˧]

skilled with the hands; good at handicraft like knitting, carving, drawing, woodworking, etc.


lành nghề

[lajŋ̟˨˩ ŋe˨˩]

[lɛɲ˦˩ ŋej˦˩]

thợ lành nghề

competent and knowledgeable in one's profession or line of work


kì hạn

[kɪj˦˩ haːŋ˨˩ʔ]

[kɪj˨˩ haːŋ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 期限, composed of 期 and 限.

a deadline; a due date; a cutoff; a time limit


nhà để xe

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɗe˧˩ sɛ˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ ʔɗej˧˨ sɛ˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɗej˨˩˦ sɛ˧˧]

garage (building or section of building used to store a car, tools, etc.)


lau chùi

Lau chùi bàn ghế.

to clean by wiping or rubbing with a soft cloth


giám hộ

Sino-Vietnamese word from 監護, composed of 監 and 護.

the guardian of a household; one who takes custody and care of a household and its dependents


hằn

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 恨 (SV: hận).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">hận</i>


hằn

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 痕 (SV: ngân, ngấn).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">ngân, ngấn</i>

vi-etym-sino

lằn bánh xe hằn xuống con đường đất

the car wheels left its marks on the dirt road


hằn

vết (classifier)
vệt (classifier)
痕 (CJK)


chân tay

[t͡ɕən˧˧ taj˧˧]

[t͡ɕəŋ˧˧ taj˧˧]


thợ sơn

[tʰəː˧˨ʔ səːn˧˧]

[tʰəː˨˩ʔ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[tʰəː˨˩ʔ səːŋ˧˧]

[tʰəː˨˩˨ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[tʰəː˨˩˨ səːŋ˧˧]

a painter; an artisan who draws and paints pictures


máy sấy

[maj˨˩˦ ʂəj˨˩˦]

[maj˨˩˦ səj˨˩˦]

a drying appliance, esp. a clothes dryer


sang năm

[ʂaːŋ˧˧ nam˧˧]

[ʂaːŋ˧˧ nam˧˧]


máy sấy quần áo

[maj˧˦ səj˧˦ kwən˨˩ ʔaːw˧˦]

[maj˨˩˦ ʂəj˨˩˦ kwəŋ˦˩ ʔaːw˨˩˦]

[maj˨˩˦ səj˨˩˦ kwəŋ˦˩ ʔaːw˨˩˦]

[ma(ː)j˦˥ ʂəj˦˥ wəŋ˨˩ ʔaːw˦˥]

[ma(ː)j˦˥ səj˦˥ wəŋ˨˩ ʔaːw˦˥]


ngoài trời

[ŋwaːj˨˩ t͡ɕəːj˨˩]

[ŋwaːj˦˩ ʈəːj˦˩]

[ŋwaːj˨˩ ʈəːj˨˩]


phụ tùng

[fu˧˨ʔ tʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

[fʊw˨˩ʔ tʊwŋ͡m˦˩]

[fʊw˨˩˨ tʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

an accessory; a small (modular) part or component of an object (e.g. a machine or piece of equipment) that is easily replaceable when broken or worn down


thợ mộc

[tʰəː˧˨ʔ məwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[tʰəː˨˩ʔ məwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[tʰəː˨˩˨ məwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


thợ điện

[tʰəː˧˨ʔ ʔɗiən˧˨ʔ]

[tʰəː˨˩ʔ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[tʰəː˨˩˨ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˨]

an electrician; a tradesperson who works with electrical equipment


nha lộ vận

[ɲaː˧˧ lo˧˨ʔ vən˧˨ʔ]

[ɲaː˧˧ low˨˩ʔ vəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[ɲaː˧˧ low˨˩˨ vəŋ˨˩˨]

[ɲaː˧˧ low˨˩˨ jəŋ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 衙 (“public office”), 路 (“road”) and 運 (“to carry, move”)

(diaspora?) the Department of Motor Vehicles, esp. in the USA; the DMV


kinh dị hợm

[kïŋ˧˧ zi˧˨ʔ həːm˧˨ʔ]

[kɨn˧˧ jɪj˨˩ʔ həːm˨˩ʔ]

[kɨn˧˧ jɪj˨˩˨ həːm˨˩˨]


dị hợm

[zi˧˨ʔ həːm˧˨ʔ]

[jɪj˨˩ʔ həːm˨˩ʔ]

[jɪj˨˩˨ həːm˨˩˨]

(derogatory, of appearance) deformed and disgusting

thú vui dị hợm


người đưa thư

[ŋɨəj˨˩ ʔɗɨə˧˧ tʰɨ˧˧]

[ŋɨj˦˩ ʔɗɨə˧˧ tʰɨ˧˧]

[ŋɨj˨˩ ʔɗɨə˧˧ tʰɨ˧˧]


rắn rỏi

[ʐaŋ˦˧˥ ʐɔj˧˨]

[ɹaŋ˦˥ ɹɔj˨˩˦]

hard; tough; standing firm in the face of adversity


dẻo dai

[jɛw˨˩˦ jaːj˧˧]

resilient; resistant; tenacious; able to operate for long periods of time without reduced efficiency


vũ cầu

[vu˦ˀ˥ kəw˨˩]

[vʊw˧˨ kəw˦˩]

[vʊw˨˩˦ kəw˨˩]

[jʊw˨˩˦ kəw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 羽球, composed of 羽 and 球.


yêu đời

[ʔiəw˧˧ ʔɗəːj˨˩]

[ʔiw˧˧ ʔɗəːj˦˩]

[ʔiw˧˧ ʔɗəːj˨˩]

cheerful; optimistic; happy and with a firm conviction in the joy of life (i.e. joie de vivre)


tự tiện

[tɨ˧˨ʔ tiən˧˨ʔ]

[tɨ˨˩ʔ tiəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[tɨ˨˩˨ tiəŋ˨˩˨]

Đừng có chưa xin phép mà tự tiện lấy.

Just because you feel like it doesn't mean you can just take it without asking for permission.


xe bò

[sɛ˧˧ ʔɓɔ˨˩]

[sɛ˧˧ ʔɓɔ˦˩]

[sɛ˧˧ ʔɓɔ˨˩]

a bullock cart; an ox cart; a vehicle with two wheels, typically pulled by water buffalo or cattle, usually used to transport heavy loads


xao lãng

[saːw˧˧ laːŋ˦ˀ˥]

[saːw˧˧ laːŋ˧˨]

[saːw˧˧ laːŋ˨˩˦]

(intransitive) to lose focus; to be distracted from work


thể xác

[tʰe˧˩ saːk̚˧˦]

[tʰej˧˨ saːk̚˦˧˥]

[tʰej˨˩˦ saːk̚˦˥]

the physique; the human body; the physical part of a person


thoáng khí

[tʰwaːŋ˧˦ xi˧˦]

[tʰwaːŋ˦˧˥ kʰɪj˨˩˦]

[tʰwaːŋ˦˧˥ xɪj˨˩˦]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾aːŋ˦˥ kʰɪj˦˥]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾aːŋ˦˥ xɪj˦˥]


ném tạ

[nɛm˧˦ taː˧˨ʔ]

[nɛm˦˧˥ taː˨˩ʔ]

[nɛm˦˥ taː˨˩˨]

(athletics, sports) the shot put; an athletics event where a competitor must hurl a heavy metal orb ("shot") as far as possible; due to the weight of the ball, this is done with a pushing ("putting") motion rather than a throwing motion


hơn thua

[həːn˧˧ tʰuə˧˧]

[həːŋ˧˧ tʰuə˧˧]

[həːŋ˧˧ tʰuə˧˧]


máy kéo tạ

[maj˧˦ kɛw˧˦ taː˧˨ʔ]

[maj˨˩˦ kɛw˨˩˦ taː˨˩ʔ]

a pulldown weight machine; an exercise machine used for weight training that uses gravity as the primary source of resistance and a combination of simple machines to convey that resistance to the person using the machine, who has to pull downwards during exercise sets


nhảy xa

[ɲaj˧˩ saː˧˧]

[ɲaj˧˨ saː˧˧]

[ɲa(ː)j˨˩˦ saː˧˧]

(athletics, sports) the long jump; an athletics field event where competitors attempt to jump as far as possible, after taking a run-up


đáy lòng

[ʔɗaj˧˦ lawŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʔɗaj˨˩˦ lawŋ͡m˦˩]

[ʔɗaj˨˩˦ lɔŋ˦˩]

đáy (“bottom”) + lòng (“intestines; heart”).
It is not clear if this is a calque of Chinese 心底 (xīndǐ) or just a similar construction.


máy chạy bộ

[maj˧˦ t͡ɕaj˧˨ʔ ʔɓo˧˨ʔ]

[maj˨˩˦ t͡ɕaj˨˩ʔ ʔɓow˨˩ʔ]


rắn chắc

[ʐaŋ˦˧˥ t͡ɕak̚˦˧˥]

[ɹaŋ˦˥ cak̚˦˥]


máy kéo

[maj˨˩˦ kɛw˨˩˦]


bắp thịt

[ʔɓap̚˧˦ tʰit̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓap̚˦˧˥ tʰit̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓap̚˦˥ tʰɨt̚˨˩˨]

muscles, esp. with a well-defined bulge in the middle and thin toned sections at the ends


gầy yếu

[ɣəj˨˩ ʔiəw˧˦]

[ɣəj˦˩ ʔiw˨˩˦]

[ɣəj˨˩ ʔiw˦˥]


bánh ngọt

[ʔɓajŋ̟˧˦ ŋɔt̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓɛɲ˦˧˥ ŋɔk̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓan˦˥ ŋɔk̚˨˩˨]


đẩy tạ

[ʔɗəj˧˩ taː˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗəj˧˨ taː˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗəj˨˩˦ taː˨˩˨]


mấy chốc

[məj˧˦ t͡ɕəwk͡p̚˧˦]

[məj˨˩˦ t͡ɕəwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[məj˦˥ cəwk͡p̚˦˥]


xanh xao

[sɛɲ˧˧ saːw˧˧]

(of skin tone) having a pale and sickly color; pallid; wan


mát rượi

[maːt̚˧˦ zɨəj˧˨ʔ]

[maːk̚˦˧˥ ʐɨj˨˩ʔ]

[maːk̚˦˥ ɹɨj˨˩˨]

Nãy ở ngoài trời nóng đổ lửa, buớc vô phòng phát có máy lạnh chạy ù ù cứ gọi là mát rười rượi.

Just now when I was outside, the weather was unbearably hot, so when I entered the room and got hit by the cool air from air conditioner, I was like "yup, that's refreshing".

cooler than something should usually be but very refreshing


máy chiếu

[maj˨˩˦ t͡ɕiw˨˩˦]

a projector; an optical device that projects a beam of light, especially one used to project an image (or moving images) onto a screen


ráng sức

[zaːŋ˧˦ sɨk̚˧˦]

[ʐaːŋ˦˧˥ ʂɨk̚˦˧˥]

[ʐaːŋ˦˧˥ sɨk̚˦˧˥]

[ɹaːŋ˦˥ ʂɨk̚˦˥]

[ɹaːŋ˦˥ sɨk̚˦˥]

(Southern Vietnam) to try hard; to strain; to endeavor


sâm nhung

[səm˧˧ ɲʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʂəm˧˧ ɲʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[səm˧˧ ɲʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʂəm˧˧ ɲʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[səm˧˧ ɲʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 參茸, composed of 參 and 茸.

vi-etym-sino

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(traditional Chinese medicine) ginseng and velvet antler

(by extension) any expensive Chinese medicine


máy chiếu hình

[maj˧˦ t͡ɕiəw˧˦ hïŋ˨˩]

[maj˨˩˦ t͡ɕiw˨˩˦ hɨn˦˩]


quỳnh hương

[kwïŋ̟˨˩ hɨəŋ˧˧]

[kwɨn˦˩ hɨəŋ˧˧]

[wɨn˨˩ hɨəŋ˧˧]

quỳnh (“Epiphyllum”) + hương (“fragrance”)

com

Em là đóa hoa lan hay quỳnh hương trắng thơm ngát từ đất đai quê nhà có tình yêu?

1982, Trịnh Công Sơn (lyrics and music), “Tuổi Đời Mênh Mông (The Immense Life)”:

Are you the orchid or epiphyllum blossom; so white, so fragrant, from the homeland full of love?


ganh ghét

[ɣajŋ̟˧˧ ɣɛt̚˧˦]

[ɣɛɲ˧˧ ɣɛt̚˦˧˥]

[ɣan˧˧ ɣɛk̚˦˥]

to envy and despise those of higher perceived status than oneself


tinh thần đồng đội

[tïŋ˧˧ tʰən˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɗoj˧˨ʔ]

[tɨn˧˧ tʰəŋ˦˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɗoj˨˩ʔ]

[tɨn˧˧ tʰəŋ˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɗoj˨˩˨]


đánh lừa

[ʔɗajŋ̟˧˦ lɨə˨˩]

[ʔɗɛɲ˦˧˥ lɨə˦˩]

[ʔɗan˦˥ lɨə˨˩]

to cheat; to dupe; to deceive; to trick others to fall for one's schemes


cùng chung

[kʊwŋ͡m˨˩ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[kʊwŋ͡m˦˩ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[kʊwŋ͡m˨˩ cʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

(of two persons etc.) to share something in common


bóng tròn

[ʔɓawŋ͡m˧˦ t͡ɕɔn˨˩]

[ʔɓawŋ͡m˦˧˥ ʈɔŋ˦˩]

[ʔɓɔŋ˦˧˥ ʈɔŋ˦˩]

[ʔɓawŋ͡m˦˥ ʈɔŋ˨˩]

association football
association football


giả danh

[zaː˧˩ zajŋ̟˧˧]

[jaː˧˨ jɛɲ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 假名, composed of 假 and 名.

vi-etym-sino

to pretend to be something that one is not in order to trick others into doing one's bidding; to larp and deceive others


tự phong

[tɨ˧˨ʔ fawŋ͡m˧˧]

[tɨ˨˩ʔ fawŋ͡m˧˧]

[tɨ˨˩ʔ fɔŋ˧˧]

[tɨ˨˩˨ fawŋ͡m˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 自封, composed of 自 and 封.

to give oneself a title, rank, or position etc.


tự xưng

[tɨ˧˨ʔ sɨŋ˧˧]

[tɨ˨˩ʔ sɨŋ˧˧]

[tɨ˨˩˨ sɨŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 自稱, composed of 自 and 稱.

to call oneself; to proclaim oneself as; to give oneself the title of (esp. a false title)


chức vị

[t͡ɕɨk̚˧˦ vi˧˨ʔ]

[t͡ɕɨk̚˦˧˥ vɪj˨˩ʔ]

[cɨk̚˦˥ vɪj˨˩˨]

[cɨk̚˦˥ jɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 職位, composed of 職 and 位.

a position (of status); a post; an office


ngó ngàng

[ŋɔ˧˦ ŋaːŋ˨˩]

[ŋɔ˨˩˦ ŋaːŋ˦˩]

[ŋɔ˦˥ ŋaːŋ˨˩]

(chiefly in the negative) to care about; to be interested in; to pay attention to


ham thích

[haːm˧˧ tʰïk̟̚˧˦]

[haːm˧˧ tʰɨt̚˦˧˥]

[haːm˧˧ tʰɨt̚˦˥]

to like strongly; to have a keen interest in


ghét bỏ

[ɣɛt̚˧˦ ʔɓɔ˧˩]

[ɣɛt̚˦˧˥ ʔɓɔ˧˨]

[ɣɛk̚˦˥ ʔɓɔ˨˩˦]

to be disinterested in; to explicitly ignore and not pay attention to


ẩm ướt

[ʔəm˧˩ ʔɨət̚˧˦]

[ʔəm˧˨ ʔɨək̚˦˧˥]

[ʔəm˨˩˦ ʔɨək̚˦˥]


nhơ bẩn

[ɲəː˧˧ ʔɓən˧˩]

[ɲəː˧˧ ʔɓəŋ˧˨]

[ɲəː˧˧ ʔɓəŋ˨˩˦]


sức vóc

[ʂɨk̚˦˧˥ vawk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[sɨk̚˦˧˥ vawk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[ʂɨk̚˦˥ vawk͡p̚˦˥]

physical strength, as manifested through one's physical frame and stature


võ đường

[vɔ˦ˀ˥ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩]

[vɔ˧˨ ʔɗɨəŋ˦˩]

[vɔ˨˩˦ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩]

[jɔ˨˩˦ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩]


sân rồng

[sən˧˧ zəwŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʂəŋ˧˧ ʐəwŋ͡m˦˩]

[səŋ˧˧ ʐəwŋ͡m˦˩]

[ʂəŋ˧˧ ɹəwŋ͡m˨˩]

[səŋ˧˧ ɹəwŋ͡m˨˩]


uốn nắn

[ʔuəŋ˦˧˥ naŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔuəŋ˦˥ naŋ˦˥]

Uốn nắn những sai sót của thanh thiếu niên.

uốn nắn từng động tác

uốn nắn cho con cái nên người

to instruct and correct to be in line with reason and morality; to rectify

uốn nắn cây cảnh

uốn nắn bờ ruộng cho thẳng

Shape the banks of the fields in a straight line


gian nguy

[jaːŋ˧˧ ŋwɪj˧˧]

[jaːŋ˧˧ ŋwɪj˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 艱危, composed of 艱 and 危.

trials and tribulations
trials and tribulations

difficult and dangerous; tough and perilous; going through trials and tribulations


chấn tâm

[t͡ɕən˧˦ təm˧˧]

[t͡ɕəŋ˦˧˥ təm˧˧]

[cəŋ˦˥ təm˧˧]


chanh chách

[t͡ɕajŋ̟˧˧ t͡ɕajk̟̚˧˦]

[t͡ɕɛɲ˧˧ t͡ɕat̚˦˧˥]

Onomatopoeic, from the sound they make.
Seems to distribute in the northern portion of coastal Northern Vietnam, particularly Hải Phòng and Quảng Ninh.

(certain coastal dialects of Northern Vietnam) common house gecko


từ phản nghĩa

[tɨ˨˩ faːn˧˩ ŋiə˦ˀ˥]

[tɨ˦˩ faːŋ˧˨ ŋiə˧˨]

[tɨ˨˩ faːŋ˨˩˦ ŋiə˨˩˦]


lo nghĩ

[lɔ˧˧ ŋi˦ˀ˥]

[lɔ˧˧ ŋɪj˧˨]

[lɔ˧˧ ŋɪj˨˩˦]

to worry and overthink ; to fret and fuss


lo phiền

[lɔ˧˧ fiən˨˩]

[lɔ˧˧ fiəŋ˦˩]

[lɔ˧˧ fiəŋ˨˩]

to worry and be sad ; to be anxious and melancholy


ép buộc

[ʔɛp̚˧˦ ʔɓuək̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɛp̚˦˧˥ ʔɓuək̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɛp̚˦˥ ʔɓuək̚˨˩˨]

to force or compel others to do something that they dislike or do not want to do


lo buồn

[lɔ˧˧ ʔɓuən˨˩]

[lɔ˧˧ ʔɓuəŋ˦˩]

[lɔ˧˧ ʔɓuəŋ˨˩]

to worry and be sad ; to be anxious and melancholy; to fret and fuss


làm theo

[laːm˨˩ tʰɛw˧˧]

[laːm˦˩ tʰɛw˧˧]

[laːm˨˩ tʰɛw˧˧]

to do or perform according to a given guideline, principle, or instruction etc.


mất ăn mất ngủ

[mət̚˧˦ ʔan˧˧ mət̚˧˦ ŋu˧˩]

[mək̚˦˧˥ ʔaŋ˧˧ mək̚˦˧˥ ŋʊw˧˨]

[mək̚˦˥ ʔaŋ˧˧ mək̚˦˥ ŋʊw˨˩˦]

overthinking, worrying, and stressing out to the point of not eating or sleeping well


thông hiểu

[tʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ hiəw˧˩]

[tʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ hiw˧˨]

[tʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ hiw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 通曉, composed of 通 and 曉.

to thoroughly understand; to be well versed in; to be proficient in; to know through and through


khỏe khoắn

Traditional tone placement spelling of khoẻ khoắn.


khó nhọc

[xɔ˧˦ ɲawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[kʰɔ˨˩˦ ɲawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[xɔ˨˩˦ ɲawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[kʰɔ˦˥ ɲawk͡p̚˨˩˨]

[xɔ˦˥ ɲawk͡p̚˨˩˨]


sách dẫn

[sajk̟̚˧˦ zən˦ˀ˥]

[ʂat̚˦˧˥ jəŋ˧˨]

[sat̚˦˧˥ jəŋ˧˨]

[ʂat̚˦˥ jəŋ˨˩˦]

[sat̚˦˥ jəŋ˨˩˦]


khoẻ khoắn

[kʰwɛ˧˨ kʰwaŋ˦˧˥]

[xwɛ˧˨ xwaŋ˦˧˥]

[kʰwɛ˨˩˦ kʰwaŋ˦˥]

[xwɛ˨˩˦ xwaŋ˦˥]


nghẹt mũi

[ŋɛt̚˧˨ʔ muj˦ˀ˥]

[ŋɛt̚˨˩ʔ muj˧˨]

[ŋɛk̚˨˩˨ muj˨˩˦]


nghẹt mũi

[ŋɛt̚˧˨ʔ muj˦ˀ˥]

[ŋɛt̚˨˩ʔ muj˧˨]

[ŋɛk̚˨˩˨ muj˨˩˦]


nghẹt mũi

[ŋɛt̚˧˨ʔ muj˦ˀ˥]

[ŋɛt̚˨˩ʔ muj˧˨]

[ŋɛk̚˨˩˨ muj˨˩˦]


ngấu nghiến

[ŋəw˧˦ ŋiən˧˦]

[ŋəw˨˩˦ ŋiəŋ˦˧˥]

[ŋəw˦˥ ŋiəŋ˦˥]


mệnh hệ

[məjŋ̟˧˨ʔ he˧˨ʔ]

[məːn˨˩˨ hej˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 命 (“life”) and 係 (“relating to”).


quyết chiến

[kwiət̚˧˦ t͡ɕiən˧˦]

[kwiək̚˦˧˥ t͡ɕiəŋ˦˧˥]

[wiək̚˦˥ ciəŋ˦˥]

vì dân quyết chiến


biết đâu

[ʔɓiət̚˧˦ ʔɗəw˧˧]

[ʔɓiək̚˦˧˥ ʔɗəw˧˧]

[ʔɓiək̚˦˥ ʔɗəw˧˧]

Used to indicate a possibility without a decisive confirmation; maybe; perhaps


chuyên khảo

[t͡ɕwiəŋ˧˧ kʰaːw˧˨]

[t͡ɕwiəŋ˧˧ xaːw˧˨]

[c⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˧˧ kʰaːw˨˩˦]

[c⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˧˧ xaːw˨˩˦]


ngàn trùng

[ŋaːn˨˩ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

[ŋaːŋ˦˩ ʈʊwŋ͡m˦˩]

[ŋaːŋ˨˩ ʈʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

19th century, Nguyễn Đình Chiểu, Tale of Lục Vân Tiên:
双親𦖑呐𢚸盃吏卢𡽫渃賖吹𠦳重
Song thân nghe nói lòng vui,Lại lo non nước xa xôi ngàn trùng.
Upon hearing that, his parents were joyous indeed,But worried still about his excruciatingly long journey ahead.

(literary, of distance or rarely height) impossibly; insurmountably


nói nhỏ

[nɔj˧˦ ɲɔ˧˩]

[nɔj˨˩˦ ɲɔ˧˨]

[nɔj˦˥ ɲɔ˨˩˦]

to whisper to someone; to talk in a hushed voice


với nhau

[vəːj˧˦ ɲaw˧˧]

[vəːj˨˩˦ ɲaw˧˧]

[vəːj˦˥ ɲa(ː)w˧˧]

[jəːj˦˥ ɲa(ː)w˧˧]

together; with each other; with one another


truyền tin

[ʈwiəŋ˦˩ tin˧˧]

[ʈ⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩ tɨn˧˧]

truyền + tin. Piecewise doublet of tin đồn.


Hoả Diệm Sơn

[hwaː˧˩ ziəm˧˨ʔ səːn˧˧]

[hwaː˧˨ jiəm˨˩ʔ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[hwaː˧˨ jiəm˨˩ʔ səːŋ˧˧]

[waː˨˩˦ jim˨˩˨ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[waː˨˩˦ jim˨˩˨ səːŋ˧˧]

Flaming Mountains (a red sandstone ridge located in the Tian Shan of Xinjiang)


khỏe như voi

Traditional tone placement spelling of khoẻ như voi.


ra lệnh

[zaː˧˧ ləjŋ̟˧˨ʔ]

[ʐaː˧˧ len˨˩ʔ]

[ɹaː˧˧ ləːn˨˩˨]

Chủ tịch tỉnh ra lệnh sơ tán.

The provincial president issued an evacuation order.

Nó quát tháo nhặng xị như ông quan hách dịch nào đó ngày xưa ra lệnh cho dân.

He loudly barked out orders as if he's a big shot from the days of yore giving orders to the lowly commoners.

to issue a command; to order (esp. in a stately manner)


thức giấc

[tʰɨk̚˧˦ zək̚˧˦]

[tʰɨk̚˦˧˥ jək̚˦˧˥]

[tʰɨk̚˦˥ jək̚˦˥]


tỉnh dậy

[tïŋ˧˩ zəj˧˨ʔ]

[tɨn˧˨ jəj˨˩ʔ]

[tɨn˨˩˦ jəj˨˩˨]

to wake up; to transition from a state of sleep to a state of wakefulness


sai bảo

[saːj˧˧ ʔɓaːw˧˩]

[ʂaːj˧˧ ʔɓaːw˧˨]

[saːj˧˧ ʔɓaːw˧˨]

[ʂaːj˧˧ ʔɓaːw˨˩˦]

[saːj˧˧ ʔɓaːw˨˩˦]


lơ đễnh

[ləː˧˧ ʔɗəjŋ̟˦ˀ˥]

[ləː˧˧ ʔɗen˧˨]

[ləː˧˧ ʔɗəːn˨˩˦]


khoẻ như voi

[xwɛ˧˩ ɲɨ˧˧ vɔj˧˧]

[kʰwɛ˧˨ ɲɨ˧˧ vɔj˧˧]

[xwɛ˧˨ ɲɨ˧˧ vɔj˧˧]

[kʰwɛ˨˩˦ ɲɨ˧˧ vɔj˧˧]

[xwɛ˨˩˦ ɲɨ˧˧ jɔj˧˧]

khoẻ + như + voi, litt. "healthy as an elephant".


sơ tán

[səː˧˧ taːn˧˦]

[ʂəː˧˧ taːŋ˦˧˥]

[səː˧˧ taːŋ˦˧˥]

[ʂəː˧˧ taːŋ˦˥]

[səː˧˧ taːŋ˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 疏散, composed of 疏 and 散.

to evacuate; to move people to a safe place in order to weather a disaster


sai khiến

[ʂaːj˧˧ kʰiəŋ˦˧˥]

[saːj˧˧ xiəŋ˦˧˥]

[ʂaːj˧˧ kʰiəŋ˦˥]

[saːj˧˧ xiəŋ˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 差遣, composed of 差 and 遣.

Nó không muốn người ta sai khiến nó.

He/she does not want others to order him/her around.


cuộc đời

[kuək̚˧˨ʔ ʔɗəːj˨˩]

[kuək̚˨˩ʔ ʔɗəːj˦˩]

[kuək̚˨˩˨ ʔɗəːj˨˩]

the period during which one lives; one's lifetime


hoài phí

(rare) to waste; to let go in a regrettable way


Hỏa Diệm Sơn

Traditional tone placement spelling of Hoả Diệm Sơn.


phòng bệnh

[fawŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓəjŋ̟˧˨ʔ]

[fawŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɓen˨˩ʔ]

[fɔŋ˦˩ ʔɓen˨˩ʔ]

[fawŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓəːn˨˩˨]


ánh dương

[ʔajŋ̟˧˦ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɛɲ˦˧˥ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʔan˦˥ jɨəŋ˧˧]


tưởng thưởng

[tɨəŋ˧˩ tʰɨəŋ˧˩]

[tɨəŋ˧˨ tʰɨəŋ˧˨]

[tɨəŋ˨˩˦ tʰɨəŋ˨˩˦]


phờ

mệt phờ

phờ người ra

be sitting still looking out of one's mind

looking tired and exhausted; drained of one's spirits and energy; haggard; weary


tiếp giáp

[tiəp̚˧˦ zaːp̚˧˦]

[tiəp̚˦˧˥ jaːp̚˦˧˥]

Hai nhà tiếp giáp nhau.


áo choàng

[ʔaːw˧˦ t͡ɕwaːŋ˨˩]

[ʔaːw˨˩˦ t͡ɕwaːŋ˦˩]

[ʔaːw˦˥ c⁽ʷ⁾aːŋ˨˩]

a type of loose robe, reaching down to the knees, worn to protect from the cold or while doing work; a cloak; a gown


quận hạt

[kwən˧˨ʔ haːt̚˧˨ʔ]

[kwəŋ˨˩ʔ haːk̚˨˩ʔ]

[wəŋ˨˩˨ haːk̚˨˩˨]


khớp xương

[xəːp̚˧˦ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[kʰəːp̚˦˧˥ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[xəːp̚˦˧˥ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[kʰəːp̚˦˥ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[xəːp̚˦˥ sɨəŋ˧˧]

(anatomy) a joint; an articulation; an articular surface; the place where two bones, ossicles, or other hard structures in the body connect, which links an animal's skeletal system into a functional whole.


anh em cây khế

[ʔajŋ̟˧˧ ʔɛm˧˧ kəj˧˧ xe˧˦]

[ʔɛɲ˧˧ ʔɛm˧˧ kəj˧˧ kʰej˨˩˦]

[ʔɛɲ˧˧ ʔɛm˧˧ kəj˧˧ xej˨˩˦]

[ʔan˧˧ ʔɛm˧˧ kəj˧˧ kʰej˦˥]

[ʔan˧˧ ʔɛm˧˧ kəj˧˧ xej˦˥]

Referencing the tale of Ăn khế trả vàng.

(idiomatic, humorous) someone who badmouths or even goes out of their way to harm their siblings or friends who has a brotherly bond with them


kinh niên

[kïŋ˧˧ niən˧˧]

[kɨn˧˧ niəŋ˧˧]

[kɨn˧˧ niəŋ˧˧]

bệnh kinh niên


tèm lem

[tɛm˨˩ lɛm˧˧]

[tɛm˦˩ lɛm˧˧]

[tɛm˨˩ lɛm˧˧]


hàm răng

[haːm˦˩ ʐaŋ˧˧]

[haːm˨˩ ɹaŋ˧˧]

có hàm răng đẹp


sáng mắt

[saːŋ˧˦ mat̚˧˦]

[ʂaːŋ˦˧˥ mak̚˦˧˥]

[saːŋ˦˧˥ mak̚˦˧˥]

[ʂaːŋ˦˥ mak̚˦˥]

[saːŋ˦˥ mak̚˦˥]

Cuối cùng cũng sáng mắt rồi hả.

Took some time, but I take it you finally got it into your head?

perspicacious; able to understand clearly


kết cuộc

[ket̚˧˦ kuək̚˧˨ʔ]

[ket̚˦˧˥ kuək̚˨˩ʔ]

[kəːt̚˦˥ kuək̚˨˩˨]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 結局 (SV: kết cục).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">kết cục</i>

vi-etym-sino

Viết năm từ tả kết cuộc của câu chuyện.

Write five words to describe the conclusion of the story.

the outcome; the ending; the final result


tóc đuôi ngựa

[tawk͡p̚˧˦ ʔɗuəj˧˧ ŋɨə˧˨ʔ]

[tawk͡p̚˦˧˥ ʔɗuj˧˧ ŋɨə˨˩ʔ]

[tawk͡p̚˦˥ ʔɗuj˧˧ ŋɨə˨˩˨]

tóc (“hair”) + đuôi (“tail”) + ngựa (“horse”).

com

a ponytail; a hairstyle where the hair is pulled back and tied into a single "tail" which hangs down behind the head


tóc đuôi gà

[tawk͡p̚˧˦ ʔɗuəj˧˧ ɣaː˨˩]

[tawk͡p̚˦˧˥ ʔɗuj˧˧ ɣaː˦˩]

[tawk͡p̚˦˥ ʔɗuj˧˧ ɣaː˨˩]

tóc (“hair”) + đuôi (“tail”) + gà (“chicken”).


bì phu

[ʔɓi˨˩ fu˧˧]

[ʔɓɪj˦˩ fʊw˧˧]

[ʔɓɪj˨˩ fʊw˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 皮膚, composed of 皮 and 膚.

vi-etym-sino

Mười hôm sau, Biển Thước về yết kiến Hoàn Hầu, lại nói: “Vua có bịnh ở bì phu, phải chữa đi.”

Ten days later, Bian Que returned to have an audience with the Marquis Huan, and said: "The king has an illness in his skin, and it must be treated".

alternative medicine
alternative medicine

(Chinese fiction and historical contexts and alternative medicine) skin; dermis

(literary, obsolete) the outside; the surface; the superficial part


thuốc thang

[tʰuək̚˧˦ tʰaːŋ˧˧]

[tʰuək̚˦˧˥ tʰaːŋ˧˧]

[tʰuək̚˦˥ tʰaːŋ˧˧]


thuốc thang

[tʰuək̚˧˦ tʰaːŋ˧˧]

[tʰuək̚˦˧˥ tʰaːŋ˧˧]

[tʰuək̚˦˥ tʰaːŋ˧˧]


thờn bơn

[tʰəːn˨˩ ʔɓəːn˧˧]

[tʰəːŋ˦˩ ʔɓəːŋ˧˧]

[tʰəːŋ˨˩ ʔɓəːŋ˧˧]

a fish of the taxonomic order Pleuronectiformes: the flatfish, including flounders, soles, turbot, plaice, and halibut


cá thờn bơn

[kaː˧˦ tʰəːn˨˩ ʔɓəːn˧˧]

[kaː˨˩˦ tʰəːŋ˦˩ ʔɓəːŋ˧˧]

[kaː˦˥ tʰəːŋ˨˩ ʔɓəːŋ˧˧]


may ra

[maj˧˧ ʐaː˧˧]

possibly; with some level of hope or chance


gạch bỏ

[ɣajk̟̚˧˨ʔ ʔɓɔ˧˩]

[ɣat̚˨˩ʔ ʔɓɔ˧˨]

[ɣat̚˨˩˨ ʔɓɔ˨˩˦]


chất hóa học

Traditional tone placement spelling of chất hoá học.


sốt sắng

[ʂok̚˦˧˥ ʂaŋ˦˧˥]

[sok̚˦˧˥ saŋ˦˧˥]

[ʂok̚˦˥ ʂaŋ˦˥]


mù mịt

[mʊw˦˩ mit̚˨˩ʔ]

[mʊw˨˩ mɨt̚˨˩˨]

pitch-black; dark and gloomy; dull and somber; dim and distant


chất hoá học

[t͡ɕət̚˧˦ hwaː˧˦ hawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[t͡ɕək̚˦˧˥ hwaː˨˩˦ hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[cək̚˦˥ waː˦˥ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨]

chemical compounds; chemical substances; chemicals


hẳn nhiên

[haŋ˧˨ ɲiəŋ˧˧]

[haŋ˨˩˦ ɲiəŋ˧˧]


thui thủi

Reduplication of thủi. Compare lủi thủi, the l- reduplicative of the same root.


dép lào

[zɛp̚˧˦ laːw˨˩]

[jɛp̚˦˧˥ laːw˦˩]

[jɛp̚˦˥ laːw˨˩]


cá ông chuông

[kaː˧˦ ʔəwŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕuəŋ˧˧]

[kaː˨˩˦ ʔəwŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕuəŋ˧˧]

[kaː˦˥ ʔəwŋ͡m˧˧ cuəŋ˧˧]