chi

Sino-Vietnamese word from 支 (“branch; to spend”).


chi

(formal, anatomy, chiefly zoology) a limb


ADN

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗe˧˧ ʔɛn˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-ADN.wav


protein

[pɹo˧˧ te˧˧ ʔin˧˧]

[pɹow˧˧ tej˧˧ ʔɨn˧˧]


roi

cây (classifier)
cái (classifier)
鞕 (CJK)
𩍢 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *p-rɔːj. Cognate with Chut [Rục] brɔːj¹, Kha Phong urɔːj.


mo

Compare Tày bo, which suggests previous *ɓ-.

quạt mo


mun

From Proto-Vietic *ɓuːɲ (“ashes”). Cognate with Muong bunh.


coronavirus

[kɔ˧˧ zo˧˧ naː˧˧ vi˧˧ ɹut̚˧˦]

[kɔ˧˧ zo˧˧ naː˧˧ vi˧˧ zut̚˧˦]

[ko˧˧ zo˧˧ naː˧˧ vi˧˧ ɹut̚˧˦]

[kɔ˧˧ ʐow˧˧ naː˧˧ vɪj˧˧ ɹʊk̚˦˧˥]

[kow˧˧ ʐow˧˧ naː˧˧ vɪj˧˧ ɹʊk̚˦˧˥]

[kɔ˧˧ ɹow˧˧ naː˧˧ vɪj˧˧ ɹʊk͡p̚˦˥]

[kɔ˧˧ ɹow˧˧ naː˧˧ jɪj˧˧ ɹʊk͡p̚˦˥]

[kow˧˧ ɹow˧˧ naː˧˧ vɪj˧˧ ɹʊk͡p̚˦˥]

[kow˧˧ ɹow˧˧ naː˧˧ jɪj˧˧ ɹʊk͡p̚˦˥]

English coronavirus. From translingual Coronavirus, from Latin corona+Latin virus, from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē). Compare virus corona.

Bộ Ngoại giao Việt Nam hôm qua xác nhận có 8285 người Việt “đang sinh sống, học tập và lao động” tại thành phố Daegu, tâm dịch coronavirus ở Hàn Quốc.

2020 February 24, Trinh Nguyễn, “Hàn Quốc trở thành tâm dịch coronavirus lớn nhất bên ngoài Trung Quốc [South Korea becomes the largest concentration of a coronavirus outbreak outside China]”, in SBS Vietnamese, Special Broadcasting Service, retrieved 2020-03-19:

The Vietnam Foreign Ministry yesterday confirmed that 8,285 Vietnamese “are living, studying, and working” in the city of Daegu, the epicenter of a coronavirus outbreak in South Korea.

Italia bị dịch Coronavirus nặng nhất sau Trung Quốc.

2020 March 14, Trần Đức Anh, “Sinh hoạt Công Giáo đó đây trước nạn dịch Coronavirus [Catholic activities everywhere before the coronavirus outbreak]”, in Vatican News, Pontifical Council for Social Communications, retrieved 2020-03-19:

Italy suffered the worst coronavirus outbreak after China.


adrenalin

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗɹe˧˧ naː˧˧ lin˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗɹej˧˧ naː˧˧ lin˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗɹej˧˧ naː˧˧ lɨn˧˧]

(biochemistry) adrenaline (epinephrine, the hormone and neurotransmitter)


kén

cái (classifier)
茧 (CJK)
絸 (CJK)
繭 (CJK)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 繭 (“cocoon”, SV: kiển).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">kiển</i>


bò

head

bò • (𨁏, 𨄳, 蒲, 𨆶)

vi-verb

bò • (𨁏, 𨄳, 蒲, 𨆶)

From Proto-Vietic *bɔː (“to crawl; to drag”).

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-bò.wav

Mướp bò lên giàn.

(botany) to creep (to grow across a surface rather than upwards); to climb (to grow upwards by clinging to something)


dòng

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-dòng.wav


hoa

bông (classifier)
đoá (classifier)
huê (alternative)
ba (alternative)

Sino-Vietnamese word from 花. The "capital" sense probably comes from the flourishes of the cursive capital letters that are commonly taught in elementary schools; even cursive lower-case letters don't have as many flourishes, which explains the distinction.
The form ba is attested in some Central dialects, most notably from the placename Đông Ba.

cánh hoa


gạo

(zoology) cyst (such as those in Cysticerus cellulosae or those caused by Myxosporea)


bầu

head

bầu • (蔀, ⿱艹瓿)

quả (classifier)
trái (classifier)
蔀 (CJK)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 匏 (“gourd”, SV: biều, bào).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">biều, bào</i>

vi-etym-sino

(botany) ovary (lower part of a pistil or carpel that bears ovules)


năng

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 菱 (SV: lăng).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">lăng</i>

vi-etym-sino

(botany) short for cỏ năng (“water chestnut”)


nhân

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-nhân.wav


noãn

Sino-Vietnamese word from 卵 (“egg”), from Middle Chinese 卵 (lwan^X). The Chinese word is originally zoological, but the Vietnamese derivation is strictly botanical. Compare Sichuanese Chinese 卵 (nuan³), Korean 卵 (nan). Compare also similar alteration in Romance descendants of Latin libella, such as French niveau. See also nói ngọng.


enzim

[ʔɛn˧˧ zim˧˧]

[ʔɛŋ˧˧ zim˧˧]

[ʔɛŋ˧˧ jim˧˧]

[ʔɛŋ˧˧ zim˧˧]

[ʔɛŋ˧˧ jim˧˧]


cánh

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-cánh.wav

From Proto-Vietic *kɛːŋʔ, from Proto-Austroasiatic *kiəŋ (“elbow”) (not listed in Sidwell (2024) but compare Proto-Austroasiatic *miəŋˀ (“mouth”) (whence miếng/mánh)).
Đại Nam Quấc âm tự vị (1895) records the now obsolete form written as kiến. Considering that this dictionary is based on Southern Vietnamese when the /n > ŋ/ shift already occurred, the form intended here would be etymologically spelled as kiếng (cf. the "kiến" for "glass" entry right below). This kiếng/cánh pair represents the diphthongized and undiphthongized variants respectively, in the same vein of miếng/mánh.

cánh hoa


giống

From Proto-Vietic *k-coːŋʔ, from a descendant of reconstructed Old Chinese 種 (OC *k.toŋʔ) when the dental stop already palatalized; non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 種 (“seed; species”, SV: chủng). Doublet of chủng.
The same sound change also yields Vietnamese giấy, from Proto-Vietic *k-cajʔ, from a descendant of ultimately Old Chinese 紙 (OC *k.teʔ).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">chủng</i>


mật

From Proto-Austroasiatic *kmatʔ ~ *kmɨtʔ (“gall, bile”). Cognate with Chut [Rục] mɨt⁸, Semai kemat (“gall bladder”), Bahnar kơmăt/kơmơ̆t (“gall bladder”), Pacoh mít and Khmer ប្រមាត់ (prɑɑmŏət).

cog

Khmer ប្រមាត់ (prɑɑmŏət)


cối xay

vi:Cây cối xay
vi:Cối xay (cờ vua)
vi:Cối xay thóc


thực vật

[tʰɨk̚˧˨ʔ vət̚˧˨ʔ]

[tʰɨk̚˨˩ʔ vək̚˨˩ʔ]

[tʰɨk̚˨˩˨ vək̚˨˩˨]

[tʰɨk̚˨˩˨ jək̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 植物, composed of 植 (“to plant”) and 物 (“thing”).

vi-etym-sino

(chiefly biology, botany) a plant (organism capable of photosynthesis)


giới

giới Động vật


giao cấu

[jaːw˧˧ kəw˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-giao cấu.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 交媾 (“to copulate; intercourse”).

(chiefly biology) to copulate; to have sex


ải

(botany, of plants' organic matter) crumbling easily and no longer sturdy, having succumbed to years of exposure to rain and sun


đười ươi

head

đười ươi • (代埃)

[ʔɗɨəj˨˩ ʔɨəj˧˧]

[ʔɗɨj˦˩ ʔɨj˧˧]

[ʔɗɨj˨˩ ʔɨj˧˧]

Chỉ nam ngọc âm giải nghĩa (指南玉音解義)
狸狸号丐代埃
命㹥密㝵咍説𱐍於
"Li li" hiệu cái đười ươi,Mình chó mặt người hay thốt u ơ.
The "lílí" is called "đười ươi".With dog body and a human face, they often make unintelligible noise.

(obsolete, cryptozoology) cryptid or animal with human characteristics


chích

acrocephalid warbler
acrocephalid warbler

(zoology) any acrocephalid warbler (a songbird of the family Acrocephalidae)

(zoology, by extension) any bird of the superfamily Sylvioidea


loài

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 類 (“kind; class; category”, SV: loại). Doublet of loại.
This noun used to have wider usage in the past, as compounds like loài đá (“rocks”), loài kim (“metals”) (cf. modern kim loại) were widely attested.
Unlike Chinese, Korean, and Japanese, which use 種 /种 (chủng) for "species", Vietnamese chủng is used for "strain".

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">loại</i>


đơn

đơn trắng


diều

cái (classifier)
𠺧 (CJK)
điều (alternative)


túi

head

襊, 最, 𢄸, 𬞚, 碎, 𫄆, 繓

vi-noun

襊, 最, 𢄸, 𬞚, 碎, 𫄆, 繓

(classifier cái, chiếc) túi • (襊, 最, 𢄸, 𬞚, 碎, 𫄆, 繓)

cái (classifier)
chiếc (classifier)
襊 (CJK)
最 (CJK)
𢄸 (CJK)
𬞚 (CJK)
碎 (CJK)
𫄆 (CJK)
繓 (CJK)

From Proto-Mon-Khmer *sur() ~ *suurʔ ~ *suər() (“bag”). Cognate with Muong thủl (“bag”), Proto-Katuic *sɔɔr (“sheath”) (whence Pacoh xor), Proto-Palaungic *suːr (“bag”).


họ

head

戶, 戸, 户, 𢩜, 𣱆

họ • (戶, 戸, 户, 𢩜, 𣱆)

vi-noun

戶, 戸, 户, 𢩜, 𣱆

họ • (戶, 戸, 户, 𢩜, 𣱆)

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-họ.wav

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 戶 (“family”, SV: hộ). Doublet of cửa and hộ.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">hộ</i>


phấn

vi-noun

(classifier cục, viên, hòn (“chalk”)) phấn

Sino-Vietnamese word from 粉. Doublet of bún and phở.

phấn hoa

thụ phấn


chín

head

㐱, 𠃩, 𫡦, 𤇪, 𤒙, 𤇢, ⿰束㐱, ⿰火𢒂

chín • (㐱, 𠃩, 𫡦, 𤇪, 𤒙, 𤇢, ⿰束㐱, ⿰火𢒂)

vi-adj

㐱, 𠃩, 𫡦, 𤇪, 𤒙, 𤇢, ⿰束㐱, ⿰火𢒂

chín • (㐱, 𠃩, 𫡦, 𤇪, 𤒙, 𤇢, ⿰束㐱, ⿰火𢒂)

㐱 (CJK)
𠃩 (CJK)
𫡦 (CJK)
𤇪 (CJK)
𤒙 (CJK)
𤇢 (CJK)

Inherited from Proto-Vietic *ciːnʔ (“cooked; ripe”), from Proto-Austroasiatic *ciːnʔ (“cooked, ripe”). Cognate with Muong chỉn, Khmer ឆ្អិន (chʼən), Mon စိန်, Bahnar sĭn, Pacoh chein, Mang θiːn² and Bolyu tɕin⁵³.

inh

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-chín.wav

(zoology, of a larva) full-grown; in the final larval stage


ngành

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 梗 (“branch (of a plant)”, SV: ngạnh).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">ngạnh</i>


thụ

thụ tinh

thụ phấn

(zoology, botany, of a male organism or its reproductive parts, only in compounds) to give something to fertilize


quang hợp

[kwaːŋ˧˧ həːp̚˧˨ʔ]

[kwaːŋ˧˧ həːp̚˨˩ʔ]

[waːŋ˧˧ həːp̚˨˩˨]


bộ

Sino-Vietnamese word from 部, from Literary Chinese 部 (bù). 部 (bù) is used for ministries based on historical and modern Chinese models. South Korea also uses 部 (bù), while feudal Korea used 조 (jo), from Literary Chinese 曹 (cáo, “agency”). North Korea and Japan use 省 (tỉnh), which was a higher type of government agency in feudal China.

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-bộ.wav


diệp lục tố

[ziəp̚˧˨ʔ lʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ to˧˦]

[jiəp̚˨˩ʔ lʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ tow˨˩˦]

[jip̚˨˩˨ lʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨ tow˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 葉綠素 (“chlorophyll”).

(biochemistry) chlorophyll (a chemical supporting photosynthesis)


chất diệp lục

[t͡ɕət̚˧˦ ziəp̚˧˨ʔ lʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[t͡ɕək̚˦˧˥ jiəp̚˨˩ʔ lʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[cək̚˦˥ jip̚˨˩˨ lʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 質 (“substance”), 葉 (“leaf”) and 綠 (“green”).


bạch huyết cầu

[ʔɓajk̟̚˧˨ʔ hwiət̚˧˦ kəw˨˩]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩ʔ hwiək̚˦˧˥ kəw˦˩]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩˨ wiək̚˦˥ kəw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 白血球, composed of 白 (“white”) and 血球 (“blood cell”).


huyết sắc tố

[hwiək̚˦˧˥ ʂak̚˦˧˥ tow˨˩˦]

[hwiək̚˦˧˥ sak̚˦˧˥ tow˨˩˦]

[wiək̚˦˥ ʂak̚˦˥ tow˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 血色素 (“haemoglobin”).


đột biến

[ʔɗot̚˧˨ʔ ʔɓiən˧˦]

[ʔɗok̚˨˩ʔ ʔɓiəŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɗok̚˨˩˨ ʔɓiəŋ˦˥]


nhiễm sắc thể

[ɲiəm˦ˀ˥ sak̚˧˦ tʰe˧˩]

[ɲiəm˧˨ ʂak̚˦˧˥ tʰej˧˨]

[ɲiəm˧˨ sak̚˦˧˥ tʰej˧˨]

[ɲim˨˩˦ ʂak̚˦˥ tʰej˨˩˦]

[ɲim˨˩˦ sak̚˦˥ tʰej˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 染色體, composed of 染色 (“dyeing”) and 體 (“body”).


lớp

head

立, 笠, 泣, 垃, 𧙀

vi-noun

立, 笠, 泣, 垃, 𧙀

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-lớp.wav

lớp Thú / lớp Có Vú


quần thể

[kwəŋ˦˩ tʰej˧˨]

[wəŋ˨˩ tʰej˨˩˦]


tam giác long

[taːm˧˧ jaːk̚˦˧˥ lawŋ͡m˧˧]

[taːm˧˧ jaːk̚˦˧˥ lɔŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-tam giác long.wav


cào cào

(taxonomy) a locust (a grasshopper of the family Acrididae)


châu chấu

head

蛛 + 䖡/蛀/蛁/𧋀/𧍌/𧎝

vi-noun

蛛 + 䖡/蛀/蛁/𧋀/𧍌/𧎝

(classifier con) châu chấu • (蛛 + 䖡/蛀/蛁/𧋀/𧍌/𧎝)

[t͡ɕəw˧˧ t͡ɕəw˧˦]

[t͡ɕəw˧˧ t͡ɕəw˨˩˦]

[cəw˧˧ cəw˦˥]

Reduplicated from earlier *chấu, from Proto-Vietic *coːʔ; cognates including Chứt cucùː⁴, Thổ cow¹ cow³, Hoà Bình Muong coː¹ coː³, Sơn La Muong kɔːn¹ coː³, Thanh Hoá Muong coː¹ coː³, Muong Bi chồ chồ coː³ coː³.

(taxonomy) a grasshopper (an insect of the suborder Caelifera)


biến thái

[ʔɓiən˧˦ tʰaːj˧˦]

[ʔɓiəŋ˦˧˥ tʰaːj˨˩˦]

[ʔɓiəŋ˦˥ tʰaːj˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 變態, composed of 變 (“to change”) and 態 (“state”), from Japanese 変態 (hentai), from Literary Chinese 變態 (biàntài, “to transform”); see the Japanese and Chinese entries for more.

der

biến thái hoàn toàn

biến thái không hoàn toàn


biến thái

[ʔɓiən˧˦ tʰaːj˧˦]

[ʔɓiəŋ˦˧˥ tʰaːj˨˩˦]

[ʔɓiəŋ˦˥ tʰaːj˦˥]


người tuyết

người (“human”) + tuyết (“snow”), a calque of Chinese 雪人 (tuyết nhân).

[ŋɨəj˨˩ twiət̚˧˦]

[ŋɨj˦˩ twiək̚˦˧˥]

[ŋɨj˨˩ t⁽ʷ⁾iək̚˦˥]


𠨡

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, trứng): phonetic 壯 (tráng) + semantic 卯 (“egg”).


tế bào

[te˧˦ ʔɓaːw˨˩]

[tej˨˩˦ ʔɓaːw˦˩]

[tej˦˥ ʔɓaːw˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-tế bào.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 細胞, composed of 細 (“minute (small)”) and 胞 (“sack; womb”), from Japanese 細胞 (saibō).


cơ quan

[kəː˧˧ kwaːn˧˧]

[kəː˧˧ kwaːŋ˧˧]

[kəː˧˧ waːŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-cơ quan.wav

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-cơ quan.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 機關.
The modern senses are from Japanese 機関 (kikan), while the obsolete sense of "mechanics, mechanism" is directly from Middle Chinese 機關 (kj+j kwaen).


lục lạp

[lʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ laːp̚˧˨ʔ]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ laːp̚˨˩ʔ]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨ laːp̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 綠 (“green”) and 粒 (“granule”).


túi tiết

[tuj˨˩˦ tiək̚˦˧˥]

From túi (“bag”) + tiết (洩, “to secrete”).


minh quản

[mïŋ˧˧ kwaːn˧˩]

[mɨn˧˧ kwaːŋ˧˨]

[mɨn˧˧ waːŋ˨˩˦]


tinh trùng

[tïŋ˧˧ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

[tɨn˧˧ ʈʊwŋ͡m˦˩]

[tɨn˧˧ ʈʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 精蟲, composed of 精 (“sperm”) and 蟲 (“animal”).


trèo cây

[t͡ɕɛw˨˩ kəj˧˧]

[ʈɛw˦˩ kəj˧˧]

[ʈɛw˨˩ kəj˧˧]


bản địa

[ʔɓaːn˧˩ ʔɗiə˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓaːŋ˧˨ ʔɗiə˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓaːŋ˨˩˦ ʔɗiə˨˩˨]

Near-synonym: bản xứ (nationally, culturally or linguistically native)

động thực vật bản địa

các tộc người bản địa

(chiefly biology, geography, demography, of a species or ethnic group) native; indigenous


lặn

gen lặn


kháng thể

[xaːŋ˧˦ tʰe˧˩]

[kʰaːŋ˦˧˥ tʰej˧˨]

[xaːŋ˦˧˥ tʰej˧˨]

[kʰaːŋ˦˥ tʰej˨˩˦]

[xaːŋ˦˥ tʰej˨˩˦]


kháng nguyên

[xaːŋ˧˦ ŋwiən˧˧]

[kʰaːŋ˦˧˥ ŋwiəŋ˧˧]

[xaːŋ˦˧˥ ŋwiəŋ˧˧]

[kʰaːŋ˦˥ ŋwiəŋ˧˧]

[xaːŋ˦˥ ŋwiəŋ˧˧]


bạch cầu

[ʔɓajk̟̚˧˨ʔ kəw˨˩]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩ʔ kəw˦˩]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩˨ kəw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 白球, composed of 白 (“white”) and 球 (“ball”), from Chinese 白血球 (bạch huyết cầu, literally “white blood ball”).

der

(cytology, hematology, immunology) white blood cell; leukocyte


hồng cầu

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ kəw˨˩]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ kəw˦˩]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ kəw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 紅 (“red”) and 球 (“ball”), from Chinese 紅血球 /红血球 (hồng huyết cầu, literally “red blood ball”). Compare Japanese 赤血球 (sekkekkyū, xích huyết cầu).

cog

Coordinate term: bạch cầu

Em trở về đúng nghĩa trái tim
Biết làm sống những hồng cầu đã chết
Biết lấy lại những gì đã mất
Biết rút gần khoảng cách của yêu tin

1984, Xuân Quỳnh, “Tự hát [Sing by Myself]”, in Tự hát [Sing by Myself]:

I return to how the heart truly feels
I know how to revive red blood cells that are dead
I know how to reclaim things that are lost
I know how to shorten the distance between love and trust

(cytology, hematology) a red blood cell; an erythrocyte


tập đoàn

[təp̚˧˨ʔ ʔɗwaːn˨˩]

[təp̚˨˩ʔ ʔɗwaːŋ˦˩]

[təp̚˨˩˨ ʔɗwaːŋ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 集團, composed of 集 (“to gather”) and 團 (“group”), Japanese 集団 (shūdan).

vi-etym-sino

tập đoàn san hô

tập đoàn châu chấu

(biology) a group of individuals of the same species


sinh sản

[sïŋ˧˧ saːn˧˩]

[ʂɨn˧˧ ʂaːŋ˧˨]

[sɨn˧˧ saːŋ˧˨]

[ʂɨn˧˧ ʂaːŋ˨˩˦]

[sɨn˧˧ saːŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 生產 (“to produce; to reproduce”).

sinh sản ở động vật có vú


sán

(zoology) a parasitic flatworm (of the phylum Platyhelminthes)


hạch

Sino-Vietnamese word from 核. Doublet of hạt.

quả hạch


kích hoạt

[kïk̟̚˧˦ hwaːt̚˧˨ʔ]

[kɨt̚˦˧˥ hwaːk̚˨˩ʔ]

[kɨt̚˦˥ waːk̚˨˩˨]

(transitive; biology, physics, chemistry, software or figuratively) to activate


lốt

From Old Chinese 蛻 (OC *l̥ˤot-s) (B-S) (SV: thuế).

rắn thay lốt

a snake molting/shedding; a snake casting off its slough


tác nhân

[taːk̚˧˦ ɲən˧˧]

[taːk̚˦˧˥ ɲəŋ˧˧]

[taːk̚˦˥ ɲəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 作 (“to do”) and 因 (“cause”).


phát dục

[faːt̚˧˦ zʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[faːk̚˦˧˥ jʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[faːk̚˦˥ jʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


di truyền

[jɪj˧˧ ʈwiəŋ˦˩]

[jɪj˧˧ ʈ⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 遺傳, Japanese 遺伝 (iden), Middle Chinese 遺傳.


đớp

head

đớp • (㗳, 答)

vi-verb

đớp • (㗳, 答)

(of animals, insects) to snap up (food, bait, etc.); to snatch; to catch


lột xác

[lot̚˧˨ʔ saːk̚˧˦]

[lok̚˨˩ʔ saːk̚˦˧˥]

[lok̚˨˩˨ saːk̚˦˥]

lột (“to strip off, to slough”) + xác (“body, corpse”).

com

(of animals, especially insects) to moult (shed skin)


giao phối

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-giao phối.wav


ti thể

[tɪj˧˧ tʰej˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 司 (“to manage; to preside over”) and 體 (“body; organelle”).


lạp thể

[laːp̚˧˨ʔ tʰe˧˩]

[laːp̚˨˩ʔ tʰej˧˨]

[laːp̚˨˩˨ tʰej˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 粒 (“grain; granule”) and 體 (“body; organelle”).


tơ cơ

[təː˧˧ kəː˧˧]

[təː˧˧ kəː˧˧]

[təː˧˧ kəː˧˧]


bảo tồn

[ʔɓaːw˧˩ ton˨˩]

[ʔɓaːw˧˨ toŋ˦˩]

[ʔɓaːw˨˩˦ toŋ˨˩]

bảo tồn bản sắc dân tộc

to preserve unique identity of an ethnicity

bảo tồn thiên nhiên

(chiefly sociology, ecology) to preserve; to conserve


cá tai tượng

[kaː˧˦ taːj˧˧ tɨəŋ˧˨ʔ]

[kaː˨˩˦ taːj˧˧ tɨəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[kaː˦˥ taːj˧˧ tɨəŋ˨˩˨]

cá (“fish”) + tai (“ear”) + tượng (“elephant”), literally “elephant ear fish”.

com

(zoology) giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy)


bẹ

head

bẹ • (備, 梐, 瓣, 𠹯)

vi-noun

(classifier cây (“corn, maize”)) bẹ • (備, 梐, 瓣, 𠹯)

cây (classifier)
備 (CJK)
梐 (CJK)
瓣 (CJK)
𠹯 (CJK)


hắc tố

Sino-Vietnamese word from 黑素, composed of 黑 (“black”) and 素 (“substance”).


cương cứng

[kɨəŋ˧˧ kɨŋ˧˦]

[kɨəŋ˧˧ kɨŋ˦˧˥]

[kɨəŋ˧˧ kɨŋ˦˥]

(biology, especially of the penis) to erect; to engorge; to swell


phóng tinh

[fawŋ͡m˧˦ tïŋ˧˧]

[fawŋ͡m˦˧˥ tɨn˧˧]

[fɔŋ˦˧˥ tɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 放精, composed of 放 (“to release”) and 精 (“semen”).


thụ tinh

[tʰu˧˨ʔ tïŋ˧˧]

[tʰʊw˨˩ʔ tɨn˧˧]

[tʰʊw˨˩˨ tɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 授精, composed of 授 (“to give”) and 精 (“semen”) or Sino-Vietnamese word from 受精, composed of 受 (“to take”) and 精.

(zoology) to inseminate or be inseminated


khoang

Attested in Chỉ nam ngọc âm giải nghĩa (指南玉音解義, 15 cent.) as 𪞀, phonetic 光 (MC kwang) (modern SV: quang). Attested as khŏang in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).

quạ khoang


sói đồng cỏ

[sɔj˧˦ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ kɔ˧˩]

[ʂɔj˨˩˦ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ kɔ˧˨]

[sɔj˨˩˦ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ kɔ˧˨]

[ʂɔj˦˥ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ kɔ˨˩˦]

[sɔj˦˥ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ kɔ˨˩˦]

Canis latrans
Canis latrans#Translingual

canids: họ Chó: cáo · chó · chó rừng · sói đỏ

chó sói lửa · sói đồng cỏ · sói~chó sói [edit]


chó rừng lông vàng

[t͡ɕɔ˧˦ zɨŋ˨˩ ləwŋ͡m˧˧ vaːŋ˨˩]

[t͡ɕɔ˨˩˦ ʐɨŋ˦˩ ləwŋ͡m˧˧ vaːŋ˦˩]

[cɔ˦˥ ɹɨŋ˨˩ ləwŋ͡m˧˧ vaːŋ˨˩]

[cɔ˦˥ ɹɨŋ˨˩ ləwŋ͡m˧˧ jaːŋ˨˩]


khí khổng

[xi˧˦ xəwŋ͡m˧˩]

[kʰɪj˨˩˦ kʰəwŋ͡m˧˨]

[xɪj˨˩˦ xəwŋ͡m˧˨]

[kʰɪj˦˥ kʰəwŋ͡m˨˩˦]

[xɪj˦˥ xəwŋ͡m˨˩˦]


thỏ rừng

[tʰɔ˧˩ zɨŋ˨˩]

[tʰɔ˧˨ ʐɨŋ˦˩]

[tʰɔ˨˩˦ ɹɨŋ˨˩]


có vú

[kɔ˨˩˦ vʊw˨˩˦]

[kɔ˦˥ vʊw˦˥]

[kɔ˦˥ jʊw˦˥]

The có (“to have”) + vú (“breast”), or a blend of có + núm vú (“nipple”).


sinh dục

[sïŋ˧˧ zʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʂɨn˧˧ jʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[sɨn˧˧ jʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʂɨn˧˧ jʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]

[sɨn˧˧ jʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 生育, composed of 生 (“to bear; to give birth”) and 育 (“to raise; to bring up”). The word properly means "to birth and raise", but the dục part, as in giáo dục (“to educate”) or dưỡng dục (“to raise”), is probably confused with 慾 /欲 (yù, “lust”), as in tình dục (“sex”).

cơ quan/bộ phận sinh dục đực/cái


bào tử

[ʔɓaːw˨˩ tɨ˧˩]

[ʔɓaːw˦˩ tɨ˧˨]

[ʔɓaːw˨˩ tɨ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 胞子, composed of 胞 (“sack; womb”) and 子 (“diminutive suffix”)


liên cầu khuẩn

[liəŋ˧˧ kəw˦˩ kʰwəŋ˧˨]

[liəŋ˧˧ kəw˦˩ xwəŋ˧˨]

[liəŋ˧˧ kəw˨˩ kʰwəŋ˨˩˦]

[liəŋ˧˧ kəw˨˩ xwəŋ˨˩˦]


phế cầu khuẩn

[fej˨˩˦ kəw˦˩ kʰwəŋ˧˨]

[fej˨˩˦ kəw˦˩ xwəŋ˧˨]

[fej˦˥ kəw˨˩ kʰwəŋ˨˩˦]

[fej˦˥ kəw˨˩ xwəŋ˨˩˦]


tụ cầu khuẩn

[tu˧˨ʔ kəw˨˩ xwən˧˩]

[tʊw˨˩ʔ kəw˦˩ kʰwəŋ˧˨]

[tʊw˨˩ʔ kəw˦˩ xwəŋ˧˨]

[tʊw˨˩˨ kəw˨˩ kʰwəŋ˨˩˦]

[tʊw˨˩˨ kəw˨˩ xwəŋ˨˩˦]


tụ cầu vàng

[tu˧˨ʔ kəw˨˩ vaːŋ˨˩]

[tʊw˨˩ʔ kəw˦˩ vaːŋ˦˩]

[tʊw˨˩˨ kəw˨˩ vaːŋ˨˩]

[tʊw˨˩˨ kəw˨˩ jaːŋ˨˩]

Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus#Translingual


não mô cầu

[naːw˦ˀ˥ mo˧˧ kəw˨˩]

Neisseria meningitidis
Neisseria meningitidis#Translingual


cộng sinh

[kəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ sïŋ˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ ʂɨn˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ sɨn˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ ʂɨn˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ sɨn˧˧]


hồng huyết cầu

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ hwiət̚˧˦ kəw˨˩]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ hwiək̚˦˧˥ kəw˦˩]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ wiək̚˦˥ kəw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 紅血球, composed of 紅 (“red”) and 血球 (“blood cell”).


huyết cầu

hồng huyết cầu (紅血球)

bạch huyết cầu (白血球)

[hwiək̚˦˧˥ kəw˦˩]

[wiək̚˦˥ kəw˨˩]


ăn tạp

[ʔan˧˧ taːp̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔaŋ˧˧ taːp̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔaŋ˧˧ taːp̚˨˩˨]

Người, lợn, gấu, v.v. là các loài ăn tạp.

Humans, pigs, bears, etc. are omnivores.


ăn thịt

[ʔan˧˧ tʰit̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔaŋ˧˧ tʰit̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔaŋ˧˧ tʰɨt̚˨˩˨]


ăn cỏ

[ʔan˧˧ kɔ˧˩]

[ʔaŋ˧˧ kɔ˧˨]

[ʔaŋ˧˧ kɔ˨˩˦]


nhai lại

[ɲaːj˧˧ laːj˧˨ʔ]

[ɲaːj˧˧ laːj˨˩ʔ]

[ɲaːj˧˧ laːj˨˩˨]

động vật/loài nhai lại


song cầu khuẩn

[ʂawŋ͡m˧˧ kəw˦˩ kʰwəŋ˧˨]

[sɔŋ˧˧ kəw˦˩ xwəŋ˧˨]

[ʂawŋ͡m˧˧ kəw˨˩ kʰwəŋ˨˩˦]

[sawŋ͡m˧˧ kəw˨˩ xwəŋ˨˩˦]


tiên mao

[tiəŋ˧˧ maːw˧˧]

[tiəŋ˧˧ maːw˧˧]


tiêu bản

[tiəw˧˧ ʔɓaːn˧˩]

[tiw˧˧ ʔɓaːŋ˧˨]

[tiw˧˧ ʔɓaːŋ˨˩˦]


vi thể

[vɪj˧˧ tʰej˨˩˦]

[jɪj˧˧ tʰej˨˩˦]


phân giải

[fəŋ˧˧ jaːj˧˨]

[fəŋ˧˧ jaːj˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-phân giải.wav

Sino-Vietnamese, Japanese 分解 (bunkai, literally “to break down into parts”). The sense of "reasoning" is probably from a contraction of phân tích (“to analyze; to explain”) + giải thích (“to explain”).

bor

(biochemistry) to decompose, resolve or break down


hệ tiết niệu

[he˧˨ʔ tiət̚˧˦ niəw˧˨ʔ]

[hej˨˩ʔ tiək̚˦˧˥ niw˨˩ʔ]


hằng nhiệt

[haŋ˨˩ ɲiət̚˧˨ʔ]

[haŋ˦˩ ɲiək̚˨˩ʔ]

[haŋ˨˩ ɲiək̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 恒 (“fixed”) and 熱 (“heat”), from nhiệt độ (“temperature”, literally “degree of hotness”). Compare Chinese 恆溫 /恒温 (hằng ôn) which is from 溫度 /温度 (ôn độ, literally “degree of warmth”).


biến nhiệt

[ʔɓiən˧˦ ɲiət̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓiəŋ˦˧˥ ɲiək̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓiəŋ˦˥ ɲiək̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 變 (“to change”) and 熱 (“heat”), from nhiệt độ (“temperature”, literally “degree of hotness”). Compare Chinese 變溫 /变温 (biến ôn) which is from 溫度 /温度 (ôn độ, literally “degree of warmth”).


máu nóng

[maw˨˩˦ nɔŋ˦˧˥]


dị thể

[zi˧˨ʔ tʰe˧˩]

[jɪj˨˩ʔ tʰej˧˨]

[jɪj˨˩˨ tʰej˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 異體, composed of 異 (“strange; different”) and 體 (“body; form”).


sán dây

[ʂaːŋ˦˧˥ jəj˧˧]

[saːŋ˦˧˥ jəj˧˧]

[ʂaːŋ˦˥ jəj˧˧]

[saːŋ˦˥ jəj˧˧]

(zoology) a tapeworm; cestode (a flatworm of the class Cestoda)


sán lá

head

sán lá • (𬟴𦲿)

[ʂaːŋ˦˧˥ laː˨˩˦]

[saːŋ˦˧˥ laː˨˩˦]

[ʂaːŋ˦˥ laː˦˥]

[saːŋ˦˥ laː˦˥]

(zoology) a fluke; trematode (a flatworm of the class Trematoda)


sán xơ mít

sán xơ mít • (𬟴疏櫗)

[saːn˧˦ səː˧˧ mit̚˧˦]

[ʂaːŋ˦˧˥ səː˧˧ mit̚˦˧˥]

[saːŋ˦˧˥ səː˧˧ mit̚˦˧˥]

[ʂaːŋ˦˥ səː˧˧ mɨt̚˦˥]

[saːŋ˦˥ səː˧˧ mɨt̚˦˥]

sán (“flatworm”) + xơ (“fiber”) + mít (“jackfruit”).

com

(zoology) a kind of tapeworm (of the genus Taenia)


bắp chuối

[ʔɓap̚˧˦ t͡ɕuəj˧˦]

[ʔɓap̚˦˧˥ t͡ɕuj˨˩˦]

[ʔɓap̚˦˥ cuj˦˥]

bắp (“banana blossom”) + chuối (“banana”).


chim chích

[t͡ɕim˧˧ t͡ɕïk̟̚˧˦]

[t͡ɕim˧˧ t͡ɕɨt̚˦˧˥]

chim (“bird”) + chích (“Acrocephalidae”).

acrocephalid warbler
acrocephalid warbler#English

(zoology) an acrocephalid warbler (a songbird of the family Acrocephalidae)


nguyên sinh

[ŋwiən˧˧ sïŋ˧˧]

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧]

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ sɨn˧˧]

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧]

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ sɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 原生, composed of 原 (“origin; foundation”) and 生 (“life”).

vi-etym-sino

vi:Liên đại Nguyên sinh
vi:Sinh vật nguyên sinh

(biology) protoplasmic; protozoic; eukaryotic


chim ngói

[t͡ɕim˧˧ ŋɔj˧˦]

[t͡ɕim˧˧ ŋɔj˨˩˦]

[cim˧˧ ŋɔj˦˥]

(zoology) a turtle dove (various species of the genus Streptopelia)


chim chuột

[t͡ɕim˧˧ t͡ɕuət̚˧˨ʔ]

[t͡ɕim˧˧ t͡ɕuək̚˨˩ʔ]

(zoology) a mousebird (a bird of the order Coliiformes)


trương lực

[t͡ɕɨəŋ˧˧ lɨk̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʈɨəŋ˧˧ lɨk̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʈɨəŋ˧˧ lɨk̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 張力, composed of 張 (“to stretch”) and 力 (“strength”).

giảm trương lực

(biology, medicine) tension; tone (especially of anatomy)


thành thục

[tʰajŋ̟˨˩ tʰʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[tʰɛɲ˦˩ tʰʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[tʰan˨˩ tʰʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 成熟, composed of 成 and 熟.

thành thục về tính ở động vật


xúc tu

[sʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥ tʊw˧˧]

[sʊwk͡p̚˦˥ tʊw˧˧]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 觸手 (“tentacle”, SV: xúc thủ).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">xúc thủ</i>


dương xỉ

[zɨəŋ˧˧ si˧˩]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ sɪj˧˨]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ sɪj˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 羊 (“sheep”) and 齒 (“tooth”), apparently a rather recent borrowing from Mandarin.
Earlier terms for "fern" are đuôi chồn, lit. "weasel tail" and quán trọng (貫仲), as listed in Dictionarium latino-anamiticum (1838) for Latin filix. In Đại Nam Quấc âm tự vị (1895), quán trọng is defined as "medicinal ingredient" (vị thuốc).


khỉ không đuôi

[xi˧˩ xəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɗuəj˧˧]

[kʰɪj˧˨ kʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɗuj˧˧]

[xɪj˧˨ xəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɗuj˧˧]

[kʰɪj˨˩˦ kʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɗuj˧˧]

[xɪj˨˩˦ xəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɗuj˧˧]

khỉ (“monkey”) + không (“without”) + đuôi (“tail”).


vòng đời

[vawŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɗəːj˨˩]

[vawŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɗəːj˦˩]

[vɔŋ˦˩ ʔɗəːj˦˩]

[vawŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɗəːj˨˩]

[jawŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɗəːj˨˩]


lả

Hàng cây lả ngọn.

The line of trees whose top are drooping.


tế bào sắc tố

[te˧˦ ʔɓaːw˨˩ sak̚˧˦ to˧˦]

[tej˨˩˦ ʔɓaːw˦˩ ʂak̚˦˧˥ tow˨˩˦]

[tej˨˩˦ ʔɓaːw˦˩ sak̚˦˧˥ tow˨˩˦]

[tej˦˥ ʔɓaːw˨˩ ʂak̚˦˥ tow˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 細胞色素, composed of 細胞 (“cell”) and 色素 (“pigment”).

vi-etym-sino

(biology) chromatophore, a pigment-bearing cell.


bao hoa

[ʔɓaːw˧˧ hwaː˧˧]

[ʔɓaːw˧˧ hwaː˧˧]

[ʔɓaːw˧˧ waː˧˧]


di thực

[zi˧˧ tʰɨk̚˧˨ʔ]

[jɪj˧˧ tʰɨk̚˨˩ʔ]

[jɪj˧˧ tʰɨk̚˨˩˨]

(botany) to acclimatize (a plant), to transplant to a new environment


chó xù

[t͡ɕɔ˧˦ su˨˩]

[t͡ɕɔ˨˩˦ sʊw˦˩]

[cɔ˦˥ sʊw˨˩]


sơn ca

[səːn˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[ʂəːŋ˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[səːŋ˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[ʂəːŋ˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[səːŋ˧˧ kaː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 山歌, composed of 山 (“mountain”) and 歌 (“to sing”).

(zoology) Oriental skylark (Alauda gulgula)


cá trắm

[kaː˧˦ t͡ɕam˧˦]

[kaː˨˩˦ ʈam˦˧˥]

[kaː˦˥ ʈam˦˥]

Ctenopharyngodon idella
Ctenopharyngodon idella

(zoology) grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

(zoology) black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus)


nội tiết

[noj˨˩ʔ tiək̚˦˧˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 內 (“internal”) and 洩 (“to secrete”).


khuẩn

(only in compounds, biology) bacteria; microbe


đường phân

head

đường phân • (糖分)

vi-noun

đường phân • (糖分)

[ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩ fən˧˧]

[ʔɗɨəŋ˦˩ fəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩ fəŋ˧˧]

đường (“sugar”, 糖) + phân (“to divide”, 分).


cá trứng

[kaː˧˦ t͡ɕɨŋ˧˦]

[kaː˨˩˦ ʈɨŋ˦˧˥]

[kaː˦˥ ʈɨŋ˦˥]

(zoology) capelin, Mallotus villosus (a type of smelt found in the Atlantic and Arctic oceans)


sinh vật nhân thực

[sïŋ˧˧ vət̚˧˨ʔ ɲən˧˧ tʰɨk̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʂɨn˧˧ vək̚˨˩ʔ ɲəŋ˧˧ tʰɨk̚˨˩ʔ]

[sɨn˧˧ vək̚˨˩ʔ ɲəŋ˧˧ tʰɨk̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʂɨn˧˧ vək̚˨˩˨ ɲəŋ˧˧ tʰɨk̚˨˩˨]

[sɨn˧˧ jək̚˨˩˨ ɲəŋ˧˧ tʰɨk̚˨˩˨]

sinh vật (“organism”) + nhân thực (“eukaryotic”). Likely a calque of Chinese 真核生物 (zhēnhé shēngwù).


nội bào

[noj˧˨ʔ ʔɓaːw˨˩]

[noj˨˩ʔ ʔɓaːw˦˩]

[noj˨˩˨ ʔɓaːw˨˩]


ngoại bào

[ŋwaːj˧˨ʔ ʔɓaːw˨˩]

[ŋwaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɓaːw˦˩]

[ŋwaːj˨˩˨ ʔɓaːw˨˩]


vành khuyên

[vɛɲ˦˩ kʰwiəŋ˧˧]

[vɛɲ˦˩ xwiəŋ˧˧]


động dục

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ zʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ jʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ jʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


chim non

[t͡ɕim˧˧ nɔn˧˧]

[t͡ɕim˧˧ nɔŋ˧˧]

[cim˧˧ nɔŋ˧˧]

chim (“bird”) + non (“young; tender; premature”).

(zoology) chick; birdie; fledgling; nestling


thụ phấn

[tʰu˧˨ʔ fən˧˦]

[tʰʊw˨˩ʔ fəŋ˦˧˥]

[tʰʊw˨˩˨ fəŋ˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 授 (“to give”) and 粉 (“pollen”) or Sino-Vietnamese word from 受 (“to take”) and 粉. Compare Japanese 授粉, 受粉 (jufun), Korean 수분 (subun).


sinh vật nhân sơ

[sïŋ˧˧ vət̚˧˨ʔ ɲən˧˧ səː˧˧]

[ʂɨn˧˧ vək̚˨˩ʔ ɲəŋ˧˧ ʂəː˧˧]

[sɨn˧˧ vək̚˨˩ʔ ɲəŋ˧˧ səː˧˧]

[ʂɨn˧˧ vək̚˨˩˨ ɲəŋ˧˧ ʂəː˧˧]

[sɨn˧˧ jək̚˨˩˨ ɲəŋ˧˧ səː˧˧]

sinh vật (“organism”) + nhân sơ (“prokaryotic”). Likely a calque of Chinese 原核生物 (yuánhé shēngwù).


nhân sơ

[ɲən˧˧ səː˧˧]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ ʂəː˧˧]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ səː˧˧]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ ʂəː˧˧]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ səː˧˧]


nhân thực

[ɲən˧˧ tʰɨk̚˧˨ʔ]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ tʰɨk̚˨˩ʔ]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ tʰɨk̚˨˩˨]


thời đại đồ đá

head

thời đại đồ đá

thời đại đồ đá

vi-noun

thời đại đồ đá

thời đại đồ đá

[tʰəːj˨˩ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ ʔɗo˨˩ ʔɗaː˧˦]

[tʰəːj˦˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɗow˦˩ ʔɗaː˨˩˦]

[tʰəːj˨˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʔɗow˨˩ ʔɗaː˦˥]

thời đại (“age, era, period”) + đồ (“stuff, things”) + đá (“stone”).

com

(archaeology, paleontology) the Stone Age


thời đại đồ đá cũ

head

thời đại đồ đá cũ

thời đại đồ đá cũ

vi-noun

thời đại đồ đá cũ

thời đại đồ đá cũ

[tʰəːj˨˩ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ ʔɗo˨˩ ʔɗaː˧˦ ku˦ˀ˥]

[tʰəːj˦˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɗow˦˩ ʔɗaː˨˩˦ kʊw˧˨]

[tʰəːj˨˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʔɗow˨˩ ʔɗaː˦˥ kʊw˨˩˦]

thời đại (“age, era, period”) + đồ (“stuff, things”) + đá (“stone”) + cũ (“old”).

com

(archaeology, paleontology) Paleolithic; Old Stone Age; Palaeolithic


đa ngành

[ʔɗaː˧˧ ŋajŋ̟˨˩]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ ŋɛɲ˦˩]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ ŋan˨˩]


ươm

head

ươm • (淹, 奄, 庵, 㷈)

vi-verb

ươm • (淹, 奄, 庵, 㷈)

蟳庵六辱船頭𣺽
蠔質樞離㯲檜廊

15th century, Nguyễn Trãi, “言志 Ngôn chí 8”, in Quốc âm thi tập (國音詩集):

The thread-pulling silkworms wriggle on the boats next to the wharf;
The oysters are stacked unevenly into heaps at the village's farthest corner.

Tằm ươm lúc nhúc thuyền đầu bãi.
Hàu chất so le khóm cuối làng.

Lý hạng ca dao 里巷歌謠 (Folk-ballads from the hamlets and alleys), folio 34a
蟳㷈絲蝒拱㷈絲
Tằm ươm tơ, nhện cũng ươm tơ.
The silkworm produces silk threads; the spider also produces silk threads

(zoology) to produce silk threads from silk glands.


nhân tế bào

[ɲən˧˧ te˧˦ ʔɓaːw˨˩]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ tej˨˩˦ ʔɓaːw˦˩]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ tej˦˥ ʔɓaːw˨˩]


chu kì tế bào

[t͡ɕu˧˧ ki˨˩ te˧˦ ʔɓaːw˨˩]

[t͡ɕʊw˧˧ kɪj˦˩ tej˨˩˦ ʔɓaːw˦˩]

[cʊw˧˧ kɪj˨˩ tej˦˥ ʔɓaːw˨˩]


nguyên phân

[ŋwiən˧˧ fən˧˧]

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ fəŋ˧˧]

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ fəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 原 (“entire, complete”) and 分 (“to divide”).


giảm phân

[jaːm˧˨ fəŋ˧˧]

[jaːm˨˩˦ fəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 減 (“to reduce, to decrease”) and 分 (“to divide”).


biểu hiện gen

[ʔɓiəw˧˩ hiən˧˨ʔ zɛn˧˧]

[ʔɓiəw˧˩ hiən˧˨ʔ ɣɛn˧˧]

[ʔɓiw˧˨ hiəŋ˨˩ʔ jɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓiw˧˨ hiəŋ˨˩ʔ ɣɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓiw˨˩˦ hiəŋ˨˩˨ jɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓiw˨˩˦ hiəŋ˨˩˨ ɣɛŋ˧˧]

biểu hiện (“to express”) + gen (“gene”).


cận huyết

[kən˧˨ʔ hwiət̚˧˦]

[kəŋ˨˩ʔ hwiək̚˦˧˥]

[kəŋ˨˩˨ wiək̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 近 (“close”) and 血 (“blood”).


men tiêu hoá

[mɛŋ˧˧ tiw˧˧ hwaː˨˩˦]

[mɛŋ˧˧ tiw˧˧ waː˦˥]


dị tính

[zi˧˨ʔ tïŋ˧˦]

[jɪj˨˩ʔ tɨn˦˧˥]

[jɪj˨˩˨ tɨn˦˥]


quả thể

[waː˨˩˦ tʰej˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 果 (“fruit”) and 體 (“body”), likely a calque from a European language.


ưu sinh

[ʔiw˧˧ sïŋ˧˧]

[ʔɨw˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧]

[ʔɨw˧˧ sɨn˧˧]

[ʔɨw˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧]

[ʔɨw˧˧ sɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 優生, composed of 優 (“superior”) and 生 (“life”).


biến thái hoàn toàn

biến thái (“metamorphosis”) + hoàn toàn (“complete”), calque of Japanese 完全変態 (kanzen hentai, hoàn toàn biến thái)


axit đêôxiribônuclêic

[ʔaː˧˧ sit̚˧˦ ʔɗe˧˧ ʔo˧˧ si˧˧ ɹi˧˧ ʔɓo˧˧ nu˧˧ kle˧˧ ʔïk̟̚˧˦]

[ʔaː˧˧ sit̚˧˦ ʔɗe˧˧ ʔo˧˧ si˧˧ zi˧˧ ʔɓo˧˧ nu˧˧ kle˧˧ ʔïk̟̚˧˦]

[ʔaː˧˧ sit̚˦˧˥ ʔɗej˧˧ ʔow˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔɓow˧˧ nʊw˧˧ klej˧˧ ʔïk̟̚˦˧˥]

[ʔaː˧˧ sɨt̚˦˥ ʔɗej˧˧ ʔow˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔɓow˧˧ nʊw˧˧ klej˧˧ ʔïk̟̚˦˥]

Borrowed from French acide désoxyribonucléique.

ADN (alternative)
a-xít đê-zoóc-xi-ri-bô-nu-clê-ích (alternative)

deoxyribonucleic acid
deoxyribonucleic acid

(biochemistry, genetics) deoxyribonucleic acid


đêôxiribônuclêic

[ʔɗe˧˧ ʔo˧˧ si˧˧ ɹi˧˧ ʔɓo˧˧ nu˧˧ kle˧˧ ʔïk̟̚˧˦]

[ʔɗe˧˧ ʔo˧˧ si˧˧ zi˧˧ ʔɓo˧˧ nu˧˧ kle˧˧ ʔïk̟̚˧˦]

[ʔɗej˧˧ ʔow˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔɓow˧˧ nʊw˧˧ klej˧˧ ʔïk̟̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗej˧˧ ʔow˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔɓow˧˧ nʊw˧˧ klej˧˧ ʔïk̟̚˦˥]

Borrowed from French désoxyribonucléique.


glucozơ

[ɣlu˧˧ ko˧˧ zəː˧˧]

[ɣlʊw˧˧ kow˧˧ zəː˧˧]

[ɣlʊw˧˧ kow˧˧ jəː˧˧]

[ɣlʊw˧˧ kow˧˧ zəː˧˧]

[ɣlʊw˧˧ kow˧˧ jəː˧˧]

glu-cô (alternative)
glu-cô-zơ (alternative)
glucôzơ (alternative)


ađênôzin triphotphat

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗe˧˧ no˧˧ zin˧˧ tɹi˧˧ fot̚˧˦ faːt̚˧˦]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ zin˧˧ tɹɪj˧˧ fok̚˦˧˥ faːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ jin˧˧ tɹɪj˧˧ fok̚˦˧˥ faːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ zɨn˧˧ tɹɪj˧˧ fok̚˦˥ faːk̚˦˥]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ jɨn˧˧ tɹɪj˧˧ fok̚˦˥ faːk̚˦˥]

Borrowed from French adénosine triphosphate.

ATP (alternative)
a-đê-nô-xin tri-phốt-phát (alternative)

adenosine triphosphate
adenosine triphosphate


ađênôzin

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗe˧˧ no˧˧ zin˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ zin˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ jin˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ zɨn˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ jɨn˧˧]

(biochemistry, genetics, organic chemistry) adenosine


đường sữa

[ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩ sɨə˦ˀ˥]

[ʔɗɨəŋ˦˩ ʂɨə˧˨]

[ʔɗɨəŋ˦˩ sɨə˧˨]

[ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩ ʂɨə˨˩˦]

[ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩ sɨə˨˩˦]


giao tử

[zaːw˧˧ tɨ˧˩]

[jaːw˧˧ tɨ˧˨]

[jaːw˧˧ tɨ˨˩˦]


tính trạng

[tïŋ˧˦ t͡ɕaːŋ˧˨ʔ]

[tɨn˦˧˥ ʈaːŋ˨˩ʔ]

[tɨn˦˥ ʈaːŋ˨˩˨]


đồng loại

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ lwaːj˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ lwaːj˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ l⁽ʷ⁾aːj˨˩˨]

ăn thịt đồng loại


bồ đào cầu khuẩn

[ʔɓo˨˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩ kəw˨˩ xwən˧˩]

[ʔɓow˦˩ ʔɗaːw˦˩ kəw˦˩ kʰwəŋ˧˨]

[ʔɓow˦˩ ʔɗaːw˦˩ kəw˦˩ xwəŋ˧˨]

[ʔɓow˨˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩ kəw˨˩ kʰwəŋ˨˩˦]

[ʔɓow˨˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩ kəw˨˩ xwəŋ˨˩˦]


lị trực khuẩn

[li˧˨ʔ t͡ɕɨk̚˧˨ʔ xwən˧˩]

[lɪj˨˩ʔ ʈɨk̚˨˩ʔ kʰwəŋ˧˨]

[lɪj˨˩ʔ ʈɨk̚˨˩ʔ xwəŋ˧˨]

[lɪj˨˩˨ ʈɨk̚˨˩˨ kʰwəŋ˨˩˦]

[lɪj˨˩˨ ʈɨk̚˨˩˨ xwəŋ˨˩˦]

lị (“dysentery”) + trực khuẩn (“bacillus”).


quày

(botany) clump of fruits on the end of a branch (as of dates and bananas)


lưu niên

[lɨw˧˧ niəŋ˧˧]

[lɨw˧˧ niəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 留 and 年. Most likely also a phono-semantic matching with the native compound lâu năm (“perennial”).

Coordinate term: hàng năm


đòng đòng

head

đòng đòng • (同同, 茼茼, 秱秱)

vi-noun

đòng đòng • (同同, 茼茼, 秱秱)

[ʔɗawŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɗawŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʔɗawŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɗawŋ͡m˦˩]

[ʔɗɔŋ˦˩ ʔɗɔŋ˦˩]

[ʔɗawŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɗawŋ͡m˨˩]


xà niêng

con (classifier)
Xà Niêng (alternative)
xà niên (alternative)

[saː˨˩ niəŋ˧˧]

[saː˦˩ niəŋ˧˧]

[saː˨˩ niəŋ˧˧]

(cryptozoology) allegedly unidentified humanoid creature of Southern Vietnam, similar to Sasquatch


vật chủ

[vət̚˧˨ʔ t͡ɕu˧˩]

[vək̚˨˩ʔ t͡ɕʊw˧˨]

[vək̚˨˩˨ cʊw˨˩˦]

[jək̚˨˩˨ cʊw˨˩˦]


thiên di

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ jɪj˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ jɪj˧˧]

(chiefly paleoanthropology, of large population group) to migrate