Nữu Ước

[niw˦ˀ˥ ʔɨək̚˧˦]

[nɨw˧˨ ʔɨək̚˦˧˥]

[nɨw˨˩˦ ʔɨək̚˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Nữu Ước.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 紐約. Compare Hakka 紐約／纽约 (Niú-yok).

Các ông thử đến chơi thành Nữu-ước : trong thành phố thì các ông thấy lối kiến-chúc ^([sic]) nào cũng có, trong thư-viện thì sách văn-chương gì cũng có, trong nhà giáo-đường thì đủ các tôn-giáo, trong nhà diễn-kịch thì đủ các âm-nhạc, trong nhà ở riêng thì đủ các lối trang-sức trong thế-giới.

1917 July, Guglielmo Ferrero, “Triết-học bình-luận [Comments on philosophy]”, in Phạm Quỳnh, transl., Nam Phong tạp chí (Cái vấn-đề về sự tiến-bộ), volume 1, number 1, page 32:

The men tried visiting New York city: in the city they encountered every style of architecture, in the libraries every book of literature, in the churches every religion, in the theatres every kind of music, in private homes every fashion of the world.

Sang ngày 19 tháng 8 lại tiếp được một tờ tư của tòa công sứ ấy nữa, đại khái nói rằng: “Tôn Văn trong ngày 23 tháng 9 tây tức là ngày 17 tháng 8 ta đã từ Nữu-ước đáp tàu sang cửa biển Lê-hoa-phố nước Anh và sẽ từ đó lên bờ”.

1937 October 30, Phan Khôi, “Một cái sử liệu về chuyện Tôn Văn ngộ nạn ở Luân-đôn [An account of Sun Yat-sen in danger in London]”, in Đông Dương tạp chí, number 25, Hanoi, pages 12–14:

On September 23 [August 17 O.S.], Sun Yat-sen boarded a ship at New York bound for Liverpool in England and from there went ashore.

Quả bom ống gửi đến văn phòng Nữu Ước của CNN được gói trong một cái bao thư lớn (manila envelope), đề tên người nhận là ông John O. Brennan, cựu giám đốc CIA dưới trào Obama.

2018 October 28, Nguyễn Đạt Thịnh, “Đòn độc bằng bom ống”, in Nguoi Viet Daily News, Westminster, California, retrieved 2021-02-08:

The pipe bomb was sent to the New York office of CNN, enclosed in a manila envelope addressed to John O. Brennan, the former CIA director under Obama.

Ít ai hiểu được tầm quan trọng của sự giúp đỡ của ba chuyên viên Ba Tư này cho đến khi một bà Dân biểu của đơn vị Manhattan, Nữu Ước, thuộc đảng Dân Chủ, yêu cầu Bộ Ngoại giao Hoa Kỳ xác nhận rằng VNCH không có sự giúp đỡ của Hoa Kỳ trong việc khai thác dầu ngoài khơi.

2019 December, Nguyễn Đức Cường, “Cảm nghĩ nhân tang lễ ông Phạm Kim Ngọc [Thoughts regarding the funeral of Phạm Kim Ngọc]”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name); republished as Tang lễ ông Phạm Kim Ngọc: Không buồn phiền, không hối tiếc [Funeral of Phạm Kim Ngọc: Not saddened, not sorry], Voice of America, 2019 December 21:

Few could understand the importance of the help given by the three Persian specialists until a congresswoman from Manhattan, New York, a Democrat, requested that the United States State Department acknowledge that the Republic of Vietnam did not have the help of the U.S. in developing offshore oil.

(dated) New York, New York City (a city in New York, United States)

Các vị này có hai cơ sở, một sở Ossining tiểu bang Nữu Ước, một ở Lakewood tiểu bang New Jersey.

2017 April 17, Nguyễn Đức Cung, “Linh Mục Cao Văn Luận Và Lý Tưởng “Lương Sư Hưng Quốc” Trong Đạo Kẻ Sĩ”, in VietCatholic News, Garden Grove, California, retrieved 2021-02-08:

They had two headquarters, one in Ossining, New York, and the other in Lakewood, New Jersey.

(dated) New York (a state of the United States)


Hi Mã Lạp Sơn

[hi˧˧ maː˦ˀ˥ laːp̚˧˨ʔ səːn˧˧]

[hɪj˧˧ maː˧˨ laːp̚˨˩ʔ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[hɪj˧˧ maː˧˨ laːp̚˨˩ʔ səːŋ˧˧]

[hɪj˧˧ maː˨˩˦ laːp̚˨˩˨ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[hɪj˧˧ maː˨˩˦ laːp̚˨˩˨ səːŋ˧˧]


Sửu

(dated) a female given name from Chinese

the second earthly branch represented by the Ox


Dần

the third earthly branch represented by the Tiger


Tết Đoan Ngọ

[tet̚˧˦ ʔɗwaːn˧˧ ŋɔ˧˨ʔ]

[tet̚˦˧˥ ʔɗwaːŋ˧˧ ŋɔ˨˩ʔ]

[təːt̚˦˥ ʔɗwaːŋ˧˧ ŋɔ˨˩˨]

Tết ("feast, New Year’s Eve") + Sino-Vietnamese word from 端午.


Thìn

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 辰 (“fifth earthly branch”, SV: thần). Some dictionaries (such as Thiều Chửu's) consider it as Sino-Vietnamese, but Thìn's /-in/ is unlikely to be a Sino-Vietnamese rhyme, compared to the likely one /-ən/ in thần. See also Tí, Mẹo, Ngọ, Mùi.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">thần</i>

vi-etym-sino

the fifth earthly branch represented by the Dragon


Tị

the sixth earthly branch represented by the Snake


Ngọ

Sino-Vietnamese word from 午. Regular reading should be Ngỗ; compare regular reading ngỗ of 仵 (MC nguX), homophone of 午 (MC nguX) in Middle Chinese.

the seventh earthly branch represented by the Horse


Tí

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 子 (SV: tử). Some dictionaries (such as Thiều Chửu's) consider it as Sino-Vietnamese, but the sắc tone in Tí is unlikely to be derived from the Middle Chinese rising tone, compared to the likely hỏi tone in tử. See also Mẹo, Thìn, Ngọ, Mùi.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">tử</i>

vi-etym-sino

the first earthly branch represented by the Rat


Thân

the ninth earthly branch represented by the Monkey


Mùi

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-mùi.wav

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 未 (SV: vị). Some dictionaries (such as Thiều Chửu's) consider it as Sino-Vietnamese, but the huyền tone is unlikely to be derived from the Middle Chinese departing tone and ui is unlikely to be a Sino-Vietnamese rhyme, compared to the likely tone and rhyme in vị. See also Tí, Mẹo, Thìn, Ngọ.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">vị</i>

vi-etym-sino

the eighth earthly branch represented by the Goat in Vietnam and by the Sheep in China


Mão

the fourth earthly branch represented by the Cat in Vietnam and by the Rabbit in China


Tuất

the eleventh earthly branch represented by the Dog


Dậu

the tenth earthly branch represented by the Rooster


Hợi

the twelfth earthly branch represented by the Pig


Na Tra

[naː˧˧ t͡ɕaː˧˧]

[naː˧˧ ʈaː˧˧]

[naː˧˧ ʈaː˧˧]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 哪吒 (SV: Na Trá).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Na Trá</i>


Dương Tiễn

[zɨəŋ˧˧ tiən˦ˀ˥]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ tiəŋ˧˨]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ tiəŋ˨˩˦]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 楊戩 (SV: Dương Tiển).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Dương Tiển</i>


Tân

Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (266–420)
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Ming dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty


Phù Tang

[fu˨˩ taːŋ˧˧]

[fʊw˦˩ taːŋ˧˧]

[fʊw˨˩ taːŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 扶桑 (an alternate Chinese name of the Hibiscus rosa-sinensis), derived from the name of a legendary tree that was said to have grown somewhere in the East China Sea (東海／东海 (Dōnghǎi)), where the sun rose. The name was also used to refer to the sun, and a legendary country that was located in the East.

(literary, Chinese mythology) Fusang, legendary land to the East commonly assumed to be Japan

xứ Phù Tang

(literary) Synonym of Nhật Bản (“Japan (an island country in Asia)”)


Cà Mau

head

Cà Mau • (哥毛, 歌毛, 歌牟)

→ English: Cà Mau

From Khmer ទឹកខ្មៅ (tɨk khmaw, “ink”, literally “black water”).

der

Cà Mau (the southernmost province of Vietnam)

Cà Mau (the capital city of that province)


Mi-du-ri

[mi˧˧ zu˧˧ ɹi˧˧]

[mɪj˧˧ jʊw˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧]

[mɪj˧˧ jʊw˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧]


Xi-cô-cư

[si˧˧ ko˧˧ kɨ˧˧]

[sɪj˧˧ kow˧˧ kɨ˧˧]

[sɪj˧˧ kow˧˧ kɨ˧˧]


Đông Du

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ zu˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ jʊw˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ jʊw˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 東遊 (“journey to the East”).

vi-etym-sino

(historical, politics) a political movement founded by Phan Bội Châu that encouraged youths to go to study in Japan


Ra-ma-ya-na

[ɹaː˧˧ maː˧˧ ʔiə˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ɹaː˧˧ maː˧˧ zaː˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ɹaː˧˧ maː˧˧ ʔiə˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ɹaː˧˧ maː˧˧ jaː˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ɹaː˧˧ maː˧˧ ʔiə˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ɹaː˧˧ maː˧˧ jaː˧˧ naː˧˧]

(literature, poetry, epic poetry) Ramayana


Quê-béc

[kwe˧˧ ʔɓɛk̚˧˦]

[kwej˧˧ ʔɓɛk̚˦˧˥]

[wej˧˧ ʔɓɛk̚˦˥]

Quebec, Quebec City (the capital city of the province of Quebec, Canada)


Si-ca-gô

[si˧˧ kaː˧˧ ɣo˧˧]

[ʂɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧ ɣow˧˧]

[sɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧ ɣow˧˧]

[ʂɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧ ɣow˧˧]

[sɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧ ɣow˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Si-ca-gô.wav

Phần lớn các thành phố nằm ở phía nam vùng Hồ Lớn và ven Đại Tây Dương, nối tiếp nhau tạo thành hai dải siêu đô thị từ Bô-xtơn đến Oa-sinh-tơn và từ Si-ca-gô đến Môn-trê-an.

2011, “Phần ba - Thiên nhiên và con người ở các châu lục / Chương VII - Châu Mĩ / Bài 37 : Dân cư Bắc Mĩ / 2. Đặc điểm đô thị [Part Three - Nature and Peoples in the Continents / Chapter VII - The Americas / Lesson 37: Demographics of North America / 2. Cities]”, in Địa lí 7 [Geography 7], Nhà Xuất bản Giáo dục Việt Nam, page 117:

Most cities are to the south of the Great Lakes and near the Atlantic Ocean, and together they form two strips of metropolises from Boston to D.C. and from Chicago to Montreal.

Chicago (a large city in Illinois, United States)


A-nhi

[ʔaː˧˧ ɲi˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ɲɪj˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ɲɪj˧˧]


Hôn-xiu

Thủ đô của Nhật là Tô-ki-ô (Đông Kinh), tên cũ là Ê-đô (Giang Hộ), nằm về phía đông đảo lớn Hôn-xiu.

1981, Nghiên cứu Nghệ thuật [Research into Art]:

Japan's capital is Tokyo, formerly known as Edo, located to the west of Honshu.


Phong Thần

[fawŋ͡m˧˧ tʰən˨˩]

[fawŋ͡m˧˧ tʰəŋ˦˩]

[fɔŋ˧˧ tʰəŋ˦˩]

[fawŋ͡m˧˧ tʰəŋ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 封神, literally "to assign for godship", short for Phong Thần Diễn Nghĩa, from Chinese 封神演義／封神演义 (Fēngshén Yǎnyì)

(colloquial) Fengshen Yanyi, an old Chinese novel

(colloquial) any work (TV series, video games, etc.) based on the novel


Tô-ki-ô

[to˧˧ ki˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Tô-ki-ô.wav

From English Tokyo, itself from Japanese 東京 (Tōkyō).

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital city of Japan)


I-li-noi

[ʔi˧˧ li˧˧ nɔj˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ lɪj˧˧ nɔj˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ lɪj˧˧ nɔj˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-I-li-noi.wav

Tiểu bang: A-la-ba-ma · A-lát-xca · A-ri-xô-na · A-can-xò · Ca-li-phoóc-ni-a · Cô-lô-ra-đô · Con-nếch-ti-cớt · Đe-la-oe · Phlo-ri-đa · Gióoc-gia · Ha-oai · Ai-đa-hô · I-li-noi · In-đi-a-na · Ai-ô-oa · Can-xát · Ken-tắc-ky · Lu-i-di-a-na · Mên · Me-ri-len · Me-xơ-chu-xít · Mi-si-gân · Min-nê-xô-ta · Mít-xi-xi-pi · Mít-xu-ri · Môn-ta-na · Nê-brát-xca · Nê-va-đa · Niu Hem-sơ · Niu Giơ-xi · Niu Mê-hi-cô · Niu Oóc · Bắc Ca-rô-li-na · Bắc Đa-cô-ta · Ô-hai-ô · Ốc-la-hô-ma · Ô-rê-gân · Pen-xin-va-ni-a · Rốt Ai-len · Nam Ca-rô-li-na · Nam Đa-cô-ta · Ten-nét-xi · Tếch-dớt · U-ta · Vơ-môn · Vơ-gi-ni-a · Oa-sinh-tơn · Tây Vơ-gi-ni-a · Uýt-côn-xin · Oai-ô-minh

Lãnh thổ: Xa-moa thuộc Mĩ · Gu-am · quần đảo Bắc Ma-ri-a-na · Pu-éc-tô Ri-cô · Các tiểu đảo xa của Hoa Kì · quần đảo Vơ-gin thuộc Mĩ


Ca-li-phoóc-ni-a

[kaː˧˧ li˧˧ fɔk̚˧˦ ni˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ lɪj˧˧ fɔk̚˦˧˥ nɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ lɪj˧˧ fɔk̚˦˥ nɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Ca-li-phoóc-ni-a.wav

California (a state of the United States)


越中

chữ Hán form of Việt Trung (“Vietnam-China, Vietnamese-Chinese”).


Mi-lu

[mɪj˧˧ lʊw˧˧]

[mɪj˧˧ lʊw˧˧]

Borrowed from French Milou, derived from the French name of the comic character Snowy.


Phú Thọ

→ English: Phú Thọ

[fu˧˦ tʰɔ˧˨ʔ]

[fʊw˨˩˦ tʰɔ˨˩ʔ]

[fʊw˦˥ tʰɔ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 富壽, composed of 富 (“rich”) and 壽 (“long-lived”).


Cáp Nhĩ Tân

[kaːp̚˧˦ ɲi˦ˀ˥ tən˧˧]

[kaːp̚˦˧˥ ɲɪj˧˨ təŋ˧˧]

[kaːp̚˦˥ ɲɪj˨˩˦ təŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Cáp Nhĩ Tân.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 哈爾濱, from Mandarin 哈爾濱／哈尔滨 (Hā'ěrbīn), from Manchu ᡥᠠᡵᠪᡳᠨ (harbin).

Harbin (a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Heilongjiang, in northeastern China)


Nô-bi-ta

[no˧˧ ʔɓi˧˧ taː˧˧]

[now˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ taː˧˧]

[now˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ taː˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Nô-bi-ta.wav

(manga, anime) Nobita, the main character of the manga series Doraemon


Ơ-phrát

[ʔəː˧˧ fɹaːt̚˧˦]

[ʔəː˧˧ fɹaːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔəː˧˧ fɹaːk̚˦˥]


Ti-grơ

[ti˧˧ ɣɹəː˧˧]

[tɪj˧˧ ɣɹəː˧˧]

[tɪj˧˧ ɣɹəː˧˧]


Hoa Đông

[hwaː˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[hwaː˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[waː˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]


Đông Hải

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ haːj˧˩]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ haːj˧˨]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ haːj˨˩˦]


Lưỡng Hà

[lɨəŋ˦ˀ˥ haː˨˩]

[lɨəŋ˧˨ haː˦˩]

[lɨəŋ˨˩˦ haː˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 兩河, composed of 兩 (“two, double”) and 河 (“river”).


biển Hoa Đông

[ʔɓiən˧˩ hwaː˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʔɓiəŋ˧˨ hwaː˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʔɓiəŋ˨˩˦ waː˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

biển (“sea”) + Hoa Đông (“East China”). The Vietnamese name doesn't follow any pattern of naming the East China Sea in other Chinese-influenced languages, probably to avoid any possible confusion between Chinese 東海／东海 (Đông Hải, “East China Sea”, literally “East Sea”) and Vietnamese Biển Đông (“South China Sea”, literally “East Sea”).

ncog

<i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Đông Hải</i>


O-ri-gơn

[ʔɔ˧˧ ɹi˧˧ ɣəːn˧˧]

[ʔɔ˧˧ zi˧˧ ɣəːn˧˧]

[ʔɔ˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ɣəːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɔ˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ɣəːŋ˧˧]


Các Tiểu Vương quốc A-rập Thống nhất

[kaːk̚˧˦ tiəw˧˩ vɨəŋ˧˧ kuək̚˧˦ ʔaː˧˧ ɹəp̚˧˨ʔ tʰəwŋ͡m˧˦ ɲət̚˧˦]

[kaːk̚˧˦ tiəw˧˩ vɨəŋ˧˧ kuək̚˧˦ ʔaː˧˧ zəp̚˧˨ʔ tʰəwŋ͡m˧˦ ɲət̚˧˦]

[kaːk̚˦˧˥ tiw˧˨ vɨəŋ˧˧ kuək̚˦˧˥ ʔaː˧˧ ɹəp̚˨˩ʔ tʰəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ ɲək̚˦˧˥]

[kaːk̚˦˥ tiw˨˩˦ vɨəŋ˧˧ wək̚˦˥ ʔaː˧˧ ɹəp̚˨˩˨ tʰəwŋ͡m˦˥ ɲək̚˦˥]

[kaːk̚˦˥ tiw˨˩˦ jɨəŋ˧˧ wək̚˦˥ ʔaː˧˧ ɹəp̚˨˩˨ tʰəwŋ͡m˦˥ ɲək̚˦˥]

các (“plural marker”) + tiểu vương quốc (“emirate”) + A-rập (“Arab; Arabic; Arabia; Arabian”) + thống nhất (“unified”), calque of English United Arab Emirates.

af

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English:_Q878

United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Cơ Đốc giáo

[kəː˧˧ ʔɗəwk͡p̚˧˦ zaːw˧˦]

[kəː˧˧ ʔɗəwk͡p̚˦˧˥ jaːw˨˩˦]

[kəː˧˧ ʔɗəwk͡p̚˦˥ jaːw˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 基督教, composed of 基督 (“Christ”) and 教 (“religion”), orthographic borrowing from Japanese 基督教 (Kirisuto-kyō).

obor

Alternative form of Ki-tô giáo (“Christianity”)


Cơ đốc giáo

Alternative letter-case form of Cơ Đốc giáo (“Christianity”)


Sở Khanh

[səː˧˩ xajŋ̟˧˧]

[ʂəː˧˨ kʰɛɲ˧˧]

[səː˧˨ xɛɲ˧˧]

[ʂəː˨˩˦ kʰan˧˧]

[səː˨˩˦ xan˧˧]

(literature) a character from Nguyễn Du's Tale of Kiều, who was infamous for cheating on women, including the title character, Thuý Kiều; he is usually considered the equivalent of Don Juan

(literature) that same character from Qingxin Cairen's Jin Yun Qiao, on which Nguyễn Du's work was based


中華臺北

Trung Hoa Đài Bắc
Trung Hoa Đài Bắc#Vietnamese

chữ Hán form of Trung Hoa Đài Bắc (“Chinese Taipei”).


Đa-mát

[ʔɗaː˧˧ maːt̚˧˦]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ maːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ maːk̚˦˥]


Bụt

[ʔɓʊk͡p̚˨˩˨]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 佛 (“Buddha”, SV: Phật), from Pali buddha (“awakened; enlightened”) or Sanskrit बुद्ध (buddha). Doublet of Phật.
While originally (and still) denoted the Buddha, the popular depiction of a Bụt shifted to resemble more closely that of a stereotypical Taoist immortal instead.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Phật</i>

vi-etym-sino

Chúng ta biết rằng hơn 400 năm sau khi Bụt nhập diệt, kinh điển mới được chép thành văn.

2009, Thích Nhất Hạnh, Trái tim của Bụt, NXB Tổng hợp TP. Hồ Chí Minh, page 7:

We know that it was only over 400 years after the Buddha passed away that the classics were committed to writing.

Ông Bụt bất ngờ hiện ra, hỏi: "Vì sao con khóc?"
Mr Bụt suddenly appeared and asked, "Why are you crying, my dear child?"

(folklore) a wise and kind old man, usually depicted with a white beard and white clothes, who often appears when the protagonist of a folkloric tale is crying aloud for help and who grants them wishes, comparable to the fairy godmother in Western fairy tales


Hương Cảng

[hɨəŋ˧˧ kaːŋ˧˩]

[hɨəŋ˧˧ kaːŋ˧˨]

[hɨəŋ˧˧ kaːŋ˨˩˦]

(history, dated in colloquial usage, sometimes used in literary contexts) Hong Kong


Hồng Công

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

From Cantonese 香港 (hoeng1 gong2; Hương Cảng).


Mạnh Thường quân

[majŋ̟˧˨ʔ tʰɨəŋ˨˩ kwən˧˧]

[mɛɲ˨˩ʔ tʰɨəŋ˦˩ kwəŋ˧˧]

[man˨˩˨ tʰɨəŋ˨˩ wəŋ˧˧]

Lord Mengchang, an aristocrat who was well known for his generosity


Bồ Đào Nha

[ʔɓo˨˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩ ɲaː˧˧]

[ʔɓow˦˩ ʔɗaːw˦˩ ɲaː˧˧]

[ʔɓow˨˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩ ɲaː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 葡萄牙, possibly from Hokkien 葡萄牙 (Pô-tô-gâ)


印度教

chữ Hán form of Ấn Độ giáo (“Hinduism”).


Thần đạo

[tʰən˨˩ ʔɗaːw˧˨ʔ]

[tʰəŋ˦˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩ʔ]

[tʰəŋ˨˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 神道, composed of 神 (“god; kami”) and 道 (“way”), from Japanese 神道 (Shintō)


戰國策

Chiến Quốc sách
Chiến Quốc sách#Vietnamese

chữ Hán form of Chiến Quốc sách (“Zhanguoce”).


Do Thái

[zɔ˧˧ tʰaːj˧˦]

[jɔ˧˧ tʰaːj˨˩˦]

[jɔ˧˧ tʰaːj˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 猶太 (“Judea; Jewish”), from Mandarin 猶太／犹太 (Yóutài). Compare Korean 유대 (Yudae, “Judea; Jewish”). Doublet of Giu-đê (“Judea”).

(rare, loosely) Synonym of I-xra-en (“Israel”)


Liên Hợp Quốc

[liən˧˧ həːp̚˧˨ʔ kuək̚˧˦]

[liəŋ˧˧ həːp̚˨˩ʔ kuək̚˦˧˥]

[liəŋ˧˧ həːp̚˨˩˨ wək̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 聯合國, composed of 聯合 (“union”) and 國 (“country”), from Chinese 聯合國／联合国 (Liánhéguó). Compare Japanese 連合国 (Rengōkoku, “Allies”) and Korean 연합국 (Yeonhapguk, “Allies”).


Đông Á

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔaː˧˦]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔaː˨˩˦]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔaː˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 東亞, composed of 東 (“east”) and 亞 (“Asia”).


東亞

chữ Hán form of Đông Á.: East Asia (a region of Asia)


Giê-xu

Đây là gia phổ của Chúa Cứu Thế Giê-xu. Ngài xuất thân từ dòng họ Đa-vít, Đa-vít xuất thân từ dòng họ Áp-ra-ham.

(Can we date this quote?), “Ma-thi-ơ 1 [Matthew 1]”, in Thánh Kinh - Bản phổ thông [The Holy Bible: The Popular Version]:

This is the genealogy of the Messiah Jesus. He was descended from the lineage of David, and David was descended from the lineage of Abraham.

Đây là gia phả của Chúa Cứu Thế Giê-xu, theo dòng dõi Đa-vít và Áp-ra-ham:

(Can we date this quote?), “Mã-thi 1 [Matthew 1]”, in Kinh Thánh - Bản diễn ý [The Holy Bible: The Pithy Version]:

This is the genealogy of the Messiah Jesus, based on the lineage of David and Abraham:

(Protestantism) Alternative spelling of Giê-su (“Jesus”)


Hoạn thư

[hwaːn˧˨ʔ tʰɨ˧˧]

[hwaːŋ˨˩ʔ tʰɨ˧˧]

[waːŋ˨˩˨ tʰɨ˧˧]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 宦姐 (SV: Hoạn tả), short for Chinese 宦小姐 (Hoạn tiểu tả, “Miss Huan”), originated in Qingxin Cairen's Jin Yun Qiao

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Hoạn tả</i>

bor

Hoạn <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">tiểu tả</i>

(literature) a female character from Nguyễn Du's Tale of Kiều, who was known for her jealousy


Sang

From sang (“wealthy, luxurious”). This is one of the most common Vietnamese given names of non-Chinese origin.


Địa Trung Hải

[ʔɗiə˧˨ʔ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧ haːj˧˩]

[ʔɗiə˨˩ʔ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ haːj˧˨]

[ʔɗiə˨˩˨ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ haːj˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 地中海 (“Mediterranean Sea”).


Séc

From French tchèque (“Czech”, adjective), Polish Czech (“Czech”, adjective) . Compare Mandarin 捷克 (Jiékè, Tiệp Khắc, “Czechia”, literally “Czecho-”), Japanese チェコ (Cheko, “Czechia”, literally “Czecho-”), Korean 체코 (Cheko, “Chechia”, literally “Czecho-”).

cog

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe)


豬八戒

chữ Hán form of Trư Bát Giới (“Zhu Bajie”).


英吉利

chữ Hán form of Anh Cát Lợi (“England”).


Việt Cộng

[viət̚˧˨ʔ kəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ]

[viək̚˨˩ʔ kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ]

[viək̚˨˩˨ kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨]

[jiək̚˨˩˨ kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Việt Cộng.wav

Blend of Việt Nam + cộng sản (“communist”). Compare Trung Cộng.

blend

Mặt trận Dân tộc Giải phóng miền Nam Việt Nam

(historical or chiefly Overseas Vietnamese) Communist Vietnam

Trước cô thương chồng cô vì cô không biết nó là Việt cộng, bây giờ thì rõ ràng nó là thằng Việt cộng chính cống, vậy cô còn thương nó nữa không?

2005, Đình Vân Trần, Nguyễn Văn Trỗi và đồng đội [Nguyễn Văn Trỗi and comrades], Ho Chi Minh City: Nhà xuất bản Tổng hợp Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, page 49:

Before you loved your husband because you didn't know he was a Vietcong; now that he's clearly a Vietcong through and through, do you still love him?

(chiefly Overseas Vietnamese, often derogatory) Vietcong


南冰洋

Nam Băng Dương
Nam Băng Dương#Vietnamese

chữ Hán form of Nam Băng Dương (“Antarctic Ocean”).


Anh Cát Lợi

[ʔajŋ̟˧˧ kaːt̚˧˦ ləːj˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɛɲ˧˧ kaːk̚˦˧˥ ləːj˨˩ʔ]

[ʔan˧˧ kaːk̚˦˥ ləːj˨˩˨]


Viễn Đông

[viən˦ˀ˥ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[viəŋ˧˨ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[viəŋ˨˩˦ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[jiəŋ˨˩˦ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Viễn Đông.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 遠東, composed of 遠 (“far”) and 東 (“east”).

vi-etym-sino

Hòn ngọc Viễn Đông


Trung Đông

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Trung Đông.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 中東, composed of 中 (“middle”) and 東 (“east”).


sao Thuỷ

[ʂaːw˧˧ tʰwɪj˧˨]

[ʂaːw˧˧ tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦]

[saːw˧˧ tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦]

sao (“star”) + thuỷ (“Sino-Vietnamese of 水”). Calque of Chinese 水星 (Thuỷ tinh, literally “Water Star”).

cal

<i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Thuỷ tinh</i>

thuỷ thủ sao Thuỷ


Thuỷ tinh

[tʰwi˧˩ tïŋ˧˧]

[tʰwɪj˧˨ tɨn˧˧]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ tɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 水星, composed of 水 (“water”) and 星 (“star”).


Thuỷ Tinh

Sino-Vietnamese word from 水精, composed of 水 (“water”) and 精 (“spirit”).

[tʰwi˧˩ tïŋ˧˧]

[tʰwɪj˧˨ tɨn˧˧]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ tɨn˧˧]

natural disaster
natural disaster#English

the Water Spirit, a legendary figure, the personification of natural disasters such as storms, flood, etc., and the archenemy of Sơn Tinh, featured in the myth of Sơn Tinh – Thủy Tinh


Thuỷ Tinh

[tʰwi˧˩ tïŋ˧˧]

[tʰwɪj˧˨ tɨn˧˧]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ tɨn˧˧]

Alternative letter-case form of Thuỷ tinh (“Mercury”) (planet)


Tiệp Khắc

[tiəp̚˧˨ʔ xak̚˧˦]

[tiəp̚˨˩ʔ kʰak̚˦˧˥]

[tiəp̚˨˩ʔ xak̚˦˧˥]

[tip̚˨˩˨ kʰak̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 捷克, from Mandarin 捷克 (Jiékè, “Czechia”), from Mandarin 捷克斯洛伐克 (Jiékèsīluòfákè, Tiệp Khắc Tư Lạc Phạt Khắc, “Czechoslovakia”).


Sing

(colloquial) Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia)


Kim Ngưu

[kim˧˧ ŋɨw˧˧]

[kim˧˧ ŋɨw˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Kim Ngưu.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 金牛 (“golden bull”).


Trinh Nữ

[t͡ɕïŋ˧˧ nɨ˦ˀ˥]

[ʈɨn˧˧ nɨ˧˨]

[ʈɨn˧˧ nɨ˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Trinh Nữ.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 貞女 (“female virgin”).

(astrology, astronomy) Synonym of Xử Nữ (“Virgo”)


Hoàng Đế

[hwaːŋ˨˩ ʔɗe˧˦]

[hwaːŋ˦˩ ʔɗej˨˩˦]

[waːŋ˨˩ ʔɗej˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 黃帝, composed of 黃 (“yellow”) and 帝 (“emperor”).


Sư Tử

[ʂɨ˧˧ tɨ˨˩˦]

[sɨ˧˧ tɨ˨˩˦]


Thiên Xứng

[tʰiən˧˧ sɨŋ˧˦]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ sɨŋ˦˧˥]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ sɨŋ˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Thiên Xứng.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 天秤 (“scales”).

(astrology, astronomy) Synonym of Thiên Bình (“Libra”)


Song Tử

[sawŋ͡m˧˧ tɨ˧˩]

[ʂawŋ͡m˧˧ tɨ˧˨]

[sɔŋ˧˧ tɨ˧˨]

[ʂawŋ͡m˧˧ tɨ˨˩˦]

[sawŋ͡m˧˧ tɨ˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Song Tử.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 雙子 (“two children”).


Bạch Dương

[ʔɓajk̟̚˧˨ʔ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩ʔ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩˨ jɨəŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Bạch Dương.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 白羊 (“white sheep”).


Cự Giải

[kɨ˧˨ʔ zaːj˧˩]

[kɨ˨˩ʔ jaːj˧˨]

[kɨ˨˩˨ jaːj˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Cự Giải.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 巨蟹 (“giant crab”).


Thất Nữ

[tʰət̚˧˦ nɨ˦ˀ˥]

[tʰək̚˦˧˥ nɨ˧˨]

[tʰək̚˦˥ nɨ˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Thất Nữ.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 室女, composed of 室 (“house”) and 女 (“female”). In Chinese, 室女 as a common noun means unmarried female virgin although this use is dated and is not attested in Vietnamese.


Song Nam

[ʂawŋ͡m˧˧ naːm˧˧]

[sɔŋ˧˧ naːm˧˧]

[ʂawŋ͡m˧˧ naːm˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Song Nam.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 雙 (“double”) and 男 (“male”).

(astrology, astronomy) Synonym of Song Tử (“Gemini”)


Thủy Bình

Alternative spelling of Thuỷ Bình (“Aquarius”)


Thiên Hạt

[tʰiən˧˧ haːt̚˧˨ʔ]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ haːk̚˨˩ʔ]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ haːk̚˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Thiên Hạt.wav

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 天蝎 (SV: Thiên Hiết).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Thiên Hiết</i>

vi-etym-sino

Alternative form of Thiên Yết (“Scorpio”)

Alternative form of Thiên Yết (“Scorpius”)


Thiên Hiết

[tʰiən˧˧ hiət̚˧˦]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ hiək̚˦˧˥]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ hiək̚˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Thiên Hiết.wav


Xử Nữ

[sɨ˧˩ nɨ˦ˀ˥]

[sɨ˨˩˦ nɨ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 處女 (“female virgin”).


Bắc Giải

[ʔɓak̚˧˦ zaːj˧˩]

[ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ jaːj˧˨]

[ʔɓak̚˦˥ jaːj˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Bắc Giải.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 北 (“north”) and 蟹 (“crab”). Compare Nam Dương (“Capricorn”, literally “southern goat”).

(astrology, astronomy) Synonym of Cự Giải (“Cancer”)


Bọ Cạp

[ʔɓɔ˧˨ʔ kaːp̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓɔ˨˩ʔ kaːp̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓɔ˨˩˨ kaːp̚˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Bọ Cạp.wav

(astrology) Synonym of Thiên Yết (“Scorpio”)

(astronomy) Synonym of Thiên Yết (“Scorpius”)


Thần Nông

[tʰən˨˩ nəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[tʰəŋ˦˩ nəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[tʰəŋ˨˩ nəwŋ͡m˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Thần Nông.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 神農, composed of 神 (“godly”) and 農 (“farming”), from Chinese 神農／神农 (Shénnóng).

họ Thần Nông / Thần Nông thị

Con cháu Thần Nông thị là Đế Minh lấy con gái Vụ Tiên mà sinh Kinh Dương Vương, tức là thủy tổ của Bách Việt.

1993, Lê Văn Hưu with Phan Thu Tiên, Ngô Sĩ Liên, “Kỷ Hồng Bàng Thị [The Age of the Hongbangites]”, in Viện Khoa học Xã hội Việt Nam, transl., Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư [The Complete Annals of Great Viet], volume 1:

Emperor Minh was a Shennongite, and he married Vụ Tiên's daughter and begat Kinh Dương Vương, the progenitor of the Baiyue.


Bảo Bình

[ʔɓaːw˧˩ ʔɓïŋ˨˩]

[ʔɓaːw˧˨ ʔɓɨn˦˩]

[ʔɓaːw˨˩˦ ʔɓɨn˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Bảo Bình.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 寶瓶 (“precious vase”).


Song Ngư

[sawŋ͡m˧˧ ŋɨ˧˧]

[ʂawŋ͡m˧˧ ŋɨ˧˧]

[sɔŋ˧˧ ŋɨ˧˧]

[ʂawŋ͡m˧˧ ŋɨ˧˧]

[sawŋ͡m˧˧ ŋɨ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Song Ngư.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 雙魚 (“two fish”).


Nhân Mã

[ɲən˧˧ maː˦ˀ˥]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ maː˧˨]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ maː˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Nhân Mã.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 人馬 (“centaur”).


Ma Kết

[maː˧˧ ket̚˦˧˥]

[maː˧˧ kəːt̚˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Ma Kết.wav

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 摩羯 (SV: Ma Yết, Ma Kiết)

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Ma Yết, Ma Kiết</i>


Thiên Yết

[tʰiən˧˧ ʔiət̚˧˦]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ ʔiək̚˦˧˥]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ ʔiək̚˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Thiên Yết.wav

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 天蠍 (SV: Thiên Hiết).


Thuỷ Bình

[tʰwi˧˩ ʔɓïŋ˨˩]

[tʰwɪj˧˨ ʔɓɨn˦˩]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ ʔɓɨn˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Thuỷ Bình.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 水瓶 (“water vase”).

(astrology, astronomy) Synonym of Bảo Bình (“Aquarius”)


Hải Sư

[haːj˧˩ sɨ˧˧]

[haːj˧˨ ʂɨ˧˧]

[haːj˧˨ sɨ˧˧]

[haːj˨˩˦ ʂɨ˧˧]

[haːj˨˩˦ sɨ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Hải Sư.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 海獅 (“sea lion”).

(astrology, astronomy) Synonym of Sư Tử (“Leo”)


Thiên Bình

[tʰiən˧˧ ʔɓïŋ˨˩]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ ʔɓɨn˦˩]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ ʔɓɨn˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Thiên Bình.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 天平 (“scales”).


Nam Dương

Sino-Vietnamese word from 南 (“south”) and 羊 (“caprid”). Compare Bắc Giải (“Cancer”, literally “northern crab”).

[naːm˧˧ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[naːm˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[naːm˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Nam Dương.wav

(astrology) Synonym of Ma Kết (“Capricorn”)

(astronomy) Synonym of Ma Kết (“Capricornus”)


Nam Dương

Sino-Vietnamese word from 南洋 (“to/in the south of the ocean”). Compare Đông Dương (“Indochina”, literally “with the ocean to the east”).

[naːm˧˧ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[naːm˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[naːm˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

(obsolete) Synonym of In-đô-nê-xi-a: Indonesia


Nam Dương

Sino-Vietnamese word from 南陽, from Chinese 南陽／南阳 (Nányáng).

[naːm˧˧ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[naːm˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[naːm˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]


Cân Xứng

[kən˧˧ sɨŋ˧˦]

[kəŋ˧˧ sɨŋ˦˧˥]

[kəŋ˧˧ sɨŋ˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Cân Xứng.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 斤 (“catty”) and 秤 (“scale”).


Xạ Thủ

[saː˧˨ʔ tʰu˧˩]

[saː˨˩ʔ tʰʊw˧˨]

[saː˨˩˨ tʰʊw˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Xạ Thủ.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 射手 (“shooter”). Compare Japanese 射手座 (Iteza).

(astrology, astronomy) Synonym of Nhân Mã (“Sagittarius”)


Phi Mã

[fi˧˧ maː˦ˀ˥]

[fɪj˧˧ maː˧˨]

[fɪj˧˧ maː˨˩˦]


Thiên Mã

[tʰiən˧˧ maː˦ˀ˥]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ maː˧˨]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ maː˨˩˦]


Thiên Nga

[tʰiən˧˧ ŋaː˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ ŋaː˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ ŋaː˧˧]


Nam Tào

Sino-Vietnamese word from 南 (“south”) and 曹 (“lord”). Alternatively known as Nam Đẩu, in contrast to Bắc Đẩu.


Bắc Đẩu

[ʔɓak̚˧˦ ʔɗəw˧˩]

[ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ ʔɗəw˧˨]

[ʔɓak̚˦˥ ʔɗəw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 北斗, composed of 北 (“northern”) and 斗 (“dipper”).

Coordinate term: Nam Tào

Bắc Đẩu Tinh quân

Coordinate term: Nam Đẩu

Bắc Đẩu Thất Tinh


thế giới ngữ

[tʰe˧˦ zəːj˧˦ ŋɨ˦ˀ˥]

[tʰej˨˩˦ jəːj˨˩˦ ŋɨ˧˨]

[tʰej˦˥ jəːj˦˥ ŋɨ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 世界語, composed of 世界 and 語.


Văn Lang

[vaŋ˧˧ laːŋ˧˧]

[vaŋ˧˧ laːŋ˧˧]

[jaŋ˧˧ laːŋ˧˧]

(history) the first nation of the ancient Vietnamese people, ruled by Hùng kings


Trung Kì

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧ ki˨˩]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ kɪj˦˩]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ kɪj˨˩]


Trung Hoa Đài Bắc

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧ hwaː˧˧ ʔɗaːj˨˩ ʔɓak̚˧˦]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ hwaː˧˧ ʔɗaːj˦˩ ʔɓak̚˦˧˥]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ waː˧˧ ʔɗaːj˨˩ ʔɓak̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 中華臺北, composed of 中華 (“China”) and 臺北 (“Taipei”), from Mandarin 中華臺北／中华台北 (Zhōnghuá Táiběi).

zh-l

中華臺北／中华台北 (Zhōnghuá Táiběi)


Trung Hoa Dân quốc

Trung Hoa Dân Quốc
Trung Hoa Dân Quốc#Vietnamese

Republic of China
Republic of China#English

Alternative letter-case form of Trung Hoa Dân Quốc (“Republic of China”)


Nam Kì

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Nam Kì.wav


中圻

chữ Hán form of Trung Kì (“(historical, French protectorate) Annam”).


Mạnh Đức Tư Cưu

[majŋ̟˧˨ʔ ʔɗɨk̚˧˦ tɨ˧˧ kiw˧˧]

[mɛɲ˨˩ʔ ʔɗɨk̚˦˧˥ tɨ˧˧ kɨw˧˧]

[man˨˩˨ ʔɗɨk̚˦˥ tɨ˧˧ kɨw˧˧]


Song Sinh

[sawŋ͡m˧˧ sïŋ˧˧]

[ʂawŋ͡m˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧]

[sɔŋ˧˧ sɨn˧˧]

[ʂawŋ͡m˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Song Sinh.wav


Phật Lãng Sa

[fət̚˧˨ʔ laːŋ˦ˀ˥ saː˧˧]

[fək̚˨˩ʔ laːŋ˧˨ ʂaː˧˧]

[fək̚˨˩ʔ laːŋ˧˨ saː˧˧]

[fək̚˨˩˨ laːŋ˨˩˦ ʂaː˧˧]

[fək̚˨˩˨ laːŋ˨˩˦ saː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 弗朗沙, a transcription of French France; misreading of Phất Lãng Sa


Sơn Dương

Sino-Vietnamese word from 山羊, composed of 山 (“mountain”) and 羊 (“caprid”), from Chinese 山羊 (shānyáng, “goat”), common reading of San Dương. Compare Miên Dương (“Aries”, literally “sheep”).

vi-etym-sino

[səːn˧˧ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʂəːŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[səːŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʂəːŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[səːŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Sơn Dương.wav


Sơn Dương

[səːn˧˧ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʂəːŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[səːŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʂəːŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[səːŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

Sơn Dương, the name of various places in Vietnam

Shanyang, the name of various places in China


Tứ Linh

[tɨ˧˦ lïŋ˧˧]

[tɨ˨˩˦ lɨn˧˧]

[tɨ˦˥ lɨn˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Tứ Linh.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 四靈, 四 (“four”) and 靈 (“spirit”).

the Four Holy Beasts, including Long (“Dragon”), Lân (“Vietnamese Qilin”), Quy (“Turtle”) and Phụng/Phượng (“Male Fenghuang”)


蘇格蘭

chữ Hán form of Tô Cách Lan (“Scotland”).


trái đất

Alternative letter-case form of Trái Đất


吐谷渾

chữ Hán form of Thổ Dục Hồn (“Tuyuhun”).


Trung Hoa

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧ hwaː˧˧]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ hwaː˧˧]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ waː˧˧]


Võ

Sino-Vietnamese word from 武, common reading of Vũ.


Hường

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 紅 (“rose”, SV: hồng). Doublet of Hồng.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">hồng</i>


Lan

a female given name from Chinese, a middle name


nước Lào

[nɨək̚˧˦ laːw˨˩]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ laːw˦˩]

[nɨək̚˦˥ laːw˨˩]


Liên bang Xô viết

[liən˧˧ ʔɓaːŋ˧˧ so˧˧ viət̚˧˦]

[liəŋ˧˧ ʔɓaːŋ˧˧ sow˧˧ viək̚˦˧˥]

[liəŋ˧˧ ʔɓaːŋ˧˧ sow˧˧ viək̚˦˥]

[liəŋ˧˧ ʔɓaːŋ˧˧ sow˧˧ jiək̚˦˥]

liên bang (“union”) + Xô viết (“Soviet”)


An-giê

[ʔaːn˧˧ ze˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ jej˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ jej˧˧]


Ăng-gô-la

[ʔaŋ˧˧ ɣo˧˧ laː˧˧]

[ʔaŋ˧˧ ɣow˧˧ laː˧˧]

[ʔaŋ˧˧ ɣow˧˧ laː˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-Angola.wav

Borrowed from Portuguese Angola or French Angola.


Ca-bun

[kaː˧˧ ʔɓun˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ ʔɓun˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ ʔɓʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

Borrowed from Russian Кабу́л (Kabúl) or English Kabul.


Can-be-ra

[kaːn˧˧ ʔɓɛ˧˧ ɹaː˧˧]

[kaːn˧˧ ʔɓɛ˧˧ zaː˧˧]

[kaːŋ˧˧ ʔɓɛ˧˧ ɹaː˧˧]

[kaːŋ˧˧ ʔɓɛ˧˧ ɹaː˧˧]

Australian Capital Territory
Australian Capital Territory#English

Canberra (the capital city of Australia; located in the Australian Capital Territory)


Thành Cát Tư Hãn

[tʰajŋ̟˨˩ kaːt̚˧˦ tɨ˧˧ haːn˦ˀ˥]

[tʰɛɲ˦˩ kaːk̚˦˧˥ tɨ˧˧ haːŋ˧˨]

[tʰan˨˩ kaːk̚˦˥ tɨ˧˧ haːŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 成吉思汗, from Literary Chinese 成吉思汗 (Chéngjísīhán), from Mongolian ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ
ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (činggis qaɣan), Чингис хаан (Čingis xaan). Compare Mandarin 成吉思汗 (Chéngjísī Hán).

der

ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ


Nam Việt

[naːm˧˧ viət̚˧˨ʔ]

[naːm˧˧ viək̚˨˩ʔ]

[naːm˧˧ viək̚˨˩˨]

[naːm˧˧ jiək̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 南越, composed of 南 (“south”) and 越 (“Yue”).

vi-etym-sino

- “Dạ, bẩm lạy Trời con xin thưa
Con tên Khắc Hiếu họ là Nguyễn
Quê ở Á Châu và Địa cầu
Sông Đà núi Tản nước Nam Việt”.

1921, Tản Đà, Hầu Trời [Serving the Heavenly Lord]:

- Your Augustness, my Lord
My given name's Khắc Hiếu, my family name Nguyễn
I'm from Asia, Earth
I live near the Đà River and Tản Peak in Nanyue.

(obsolete) Synonym of Việt Nam (“Vietnam”)

Coordinate term: Bắc Việt

(miền) Nam Việt Nam
Nam Việt Nam#Vietnamese

(obsolete) Synonym of (miền) Nam Việt Nam (“southern Vietnam; South Vietnam”)


Ô-xtrây-li-a

[ʔo˧˧ stɹəj˧˧ li˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔow˧˧ stɹəj˧˧ lɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔow˧˧ stɹəj˧˧ lɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Ô-xtrây-li-a.wav

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


Áp-ga-ni-xtan

[ʔaːp̚˧˦ ɣaː˧˧ ni˧˧ staːn˧˧]

[ʔaːp̚˦˧˥ ɣaː˧˧ nɪj˧˧ staːŋ˧˧]

[ʔaːp̚˦˥ ɣaː˧˧ nɪj˧˧ staːŋ˧˧]

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


周禮

chữ Hán form of Chu lễ (“the Rites of Zhou”).


Liên bang Nga

[liən˧˧ ʔɓaːŋ˧˧ ŋaː˧˧]

[liəŋ˧˧ ʔɓaːŋ˧˧ ŋaː˧˧]

[liəŋ˧˧ ʔɓaːŋ˧˧ ŋaː˧˧]

liên bang (“federation”) + Nga (“Russia, Russian”)


Nga La Tư

[ŋaː˧˧ laː˧˧ tɨ˧˧]

[ŋaː˧˧ laː˧˧ tɨ˧˧]

[ŋaː˧˧ laː˧˧ tɨ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 俄羅斯 (“Russia”).


Cộng hoà Xã hội Chủ nghĩa Việt Nam

Cộng hoà Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam#Vietnamese

Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Socialist Republic of Vietnam

Alternative spelling of Cộng hoà Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam (“Socialist Republic of Vietnam”).


Cộng hoà Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam

[kəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ hwaː˨˩ saː˦ˀ˥ hoj˧˨ʔ t͡ɕu˧˩ ŋiə˦ˀ˥ viət̚˧˨ʔ naːm˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ hwaː˦˩ saː˧˨ hoj˨˩ʔ t͡ɕʊw˧˨ ŋiə˧˨ viək̚˨˩ʔ naːm˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ waː˨˩ saː˨˩˦ hoj˨˩˨ cʊw˨˩˦ ŋiə˨˩˦ viək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ waː˨˩ saː˨˩˦ hoj˨˩˨ cʊw˨˩˦ ŋiə˨˩˦ jiək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧]

cộng hoà (“republic”) + xã hội chủ nghĩa (“socialist”) + Việt Nam (“Vietnam”).

compound

Nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam là một nước độc lập, có chủ quyền, thống nhất và toàn vẹn lãnh thổ, bao gồm đất liền, hải đảo, vùng biển và vùng trời.

2013 December 11, “Hiến pháp nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam [Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam]”, in Cổng Thông tin điện tử Chính phủ [Vietnam Government Portal], page 1:

The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is an independent, sovereign and united country, which in its territorial integrity comprises its mainland, islands, territorial waters and air space.


Bắc Mĩ

[ʔɓak̚˧˦ mi˦ˀ˥]

[ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ mɪj˧˨]

[ʔɓak̚˦˥ mɪj˨˩˦]

North America, which consists of Canada, the United States and Mexico

lục địa Bắc Mĩ

additionally consisting of Central America


Liên minh châu Âu

[liən˧˧ mïŋ˧˧ t͡ɕəw˧˧ ʔəw˧˧]

[liəŋ˧˧ mɨn˧˧ t͡ɕəw˧˧ ʔəw˧˧]

[liəŋ˧˧ mɨn˧˧ cəw˧˧ ʔəw˧˧]

liên minh (“union”) + châu Âu (“Europe”).


Bắc

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-bắc.wav

Tôi có ra ngoài Bắc, ở gần mười năm.

I went up north (Vietnam) and lived for almost ten years.


Tứ Xuyên

[tɨ˨˩˦ swiəŋ˧˧]

[tɨ˦˥ s⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Tứ Xuyên.wav


Trùng Khánh

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˨˩ xajŋ̟˧˦]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˦˩ kʰɛɲ˦˧˥]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˦˩ xɛɲ˦˧˥]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˨˩ kʰan˦˥]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˨˩ xan˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 重慶.
In the past, the area of this district was known as Tư Lang (思琅), Thượng Lang (上琅) ,etc. In the 7th year of Minh Mạng (1826), the name of this area was changed to Trùng Khánh Prefecture (phủ Trùng Khánh).

Trùng Khánh (a district of Cao Bằng Province)

Chongqing (a direct-administered municipality and city in western China)


Thuỵ Sĩ

[tʰwi˧˨ʔ si˦ˀ˥]

[tʰwɪj˨˩ʔ ʂɪj˧˨]

[tʰwɪj˨˩ʔ sɪj˧˨]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˨ ʂɪj˨˩˦]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˨ sɪj˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 瑞士, perhaps from Hokkien 瑞士 (Sūi-sū), perhaps from French Suisse. Compare Thuỵ Điển and Phổ.

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Trung

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 中. Sino-Vietnamese word from 忠.


Thổ Nhĩ Kì

[tʰo˧˩ ɲi˦ˀ˥ ki˨˩]

[tʰow˧˨ ɲɪj˧˨ kɪj˦˩]

[tʰow˨˩˦ ɲɪj˨˩˦ kɪj˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 土耳其, from Mandarin 土耳其 (Tǔ'ěrqí)

(rare) Turkey (a country located in Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


Tây

Audio (Hà Nội)


Tây

See above, also a clipping of Tây Ban Nha (“Spain”).

Audio (Hà Nội)


Bồ

Từ điển Việt-Bồ-La

Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum; the Annamite-Portuguese-Latin Dictionary

bán đảo Bồ Tây

the Iberian Peninsula (literally, “the Luso-Spanish peninsula”)


Lê

→ Czech: Le

→ English: Le

→ French: Le

→ German: Le


Tuyết

[t⁽ʷ⁾iək̚˦˥]


Bảo

Sino-Vietnamese word from 保, or Sino-Vietnamese word from 寶.


Vũ Hán

[vʊw˧˨ haːŋ˦˧˥]

[vʊw˨˩˦ haːŋ˦˥]

[jʊw˨˩˦ haːŋ˦˥]

Wuhan (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Hubei, China)


Thiên Tân

[tʰiən˧˧ tən˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ təŋ˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ təŋ˧˧]

Tianjin (a direct-administered municipality and major city in northern China)


Cao Câu Li

[kaːw˧˧ kəw˧˧ lɪj˧˧]

[kaːw˧˧ kəw˧˧ lɪj˧˧]

Three Kingdoms of Korea
w:Three Kingdoms of Korea

Goguryeo (one of the ancient Three Kingdoms of Korea)


Châu Hải

[t͡ɕəw˧˧ haːj˧˩]

[t͡ɕəw˧˧ haːj˧˨]

[cəw˧˧ haːj˨˩˦]

Zhuhai (a prefecture-level city in Guangdong, China)


Nam Á

[naːm˧˧ ʔaː˧˦]

[naːm˧˧ ʔaː˨˩˦]

[naːm˧˧ ʔaː˦˥]


Hương

Sino-Vietnamese word from 香 (“fragrance”).


Hoà Lan

[hwaː˦˩ laːŋ˧˧]

[waː˨˩ laːŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 和蘭, orthographic borrowing from Japanese 和蘭 (Oranda)

obor

(rare) Synonym of Hà Lan (“Netherlands”)


Hoàng

→ English: Hoang

Sino-Vietnamese word from 黃, the Northern reading of the character. Doublet of Huỳnh, the Southern form.


Hà Lan

Sino-Vietnamese word from 荷蘭, possibly from Hokkien 荷蘭／荷兰 (Hô-lân).

[haː˦˩ laːŋ˧˧]

[haː˨˩ laːŋ˧˧]

Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

người Hà Lan

Dutch person (literally, “person [from] the Netherlands”)

tiếng Hà Lan

Dutch language (literally, “language [of] the Netherlands”)

Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)


Hà Lan

Misinterpretation of Rade Čư̆ Hlang (literally “Mount Blady Grass”) due to confusion with Hà Lan above.

bor

[haː˦˩ laːŋ˧˧]

[haː˨˩ laːŋ˧˧]


Ân

Yinxu (ruins of the last capital of the Shang dynasty)

(historical) the State of Yin (a feudal Chinese state during the Western Zhou dynasty (1027–1024 BCE))


Minh

(historical) the Ming dynasty (1368–1644 C.E.)


太平天國

Thái Bình Thiên Quốc
Thái Bình Thiên Quốc#Vietnamese

Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

chữ Hán form of Thái Bình Thiên Quốc (“Taiping Heavenly Kingdom”).


Ai-len

[ʔaːj˧˧ lɛn˧˧]

[ʔaːj˧˧ lɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔaːj˧˧ lɛŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Ai-len.wav


Niu Di-len

[niw˧˧ jɪj˧˧ lɛŋ˧˧]

[niw˧˧ jɪj˧˧ lɛŋ˧˧]

Alternative form of Niu Di-lân (“New Zealand”)


Grơn-len

[ɣɹəːn˧˧ lɛn˧˧]

[ɣɹəːŋ˧˧ lɛŋ˧˧]

[ɣɹəːŋ˧˧ lɛŋ˧˧]

A geography textbook transcription, perhaps based both Danish grøn (“green”) and English -land.


Băng Đảo

[ʔɓaŋ˧˧ ʔɗaːw˧˩]

[ʔɓaŋ˧˧ ʔɗaːw˧˨]

[ʔɓaŋ˧˧ ʔɗaːw˨˩˦]

(obsolete) Iceland (a country in Europe)


Ai-xơ-len

[ʔaːj˧˧ səː˧˧ lɛn˧˧]

[ʔaːj˧˧ səː˧˧ lɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔaːj˧˧ səː˧˧ lɛŋ˧˧]


hồ Lắk

Đắk Lắk
Đắk Lắk

Lak Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Đắk Lắk Province


Ái Nhĩ Lan

[ʔaːj˧˦ ɲi˦ˀ˥ laːn˧˧]

[ʔaːj˨˩˦ ɲɪj˧˨ laːŋ˧˧]

[ʔaːj˦˥ ɲɪj˨˩˦ laːŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Ái Nhĩ Lan.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 愛爾蘭, from Mandarin 愛爾蘭／爱尔兰 (Ài'ěrlán), from English Ireland.

Lúc bấy giờ Anh quốc tất bị ràng buộc về phong trào cách mạng ở Ấn Độ và vận động độc lập của dân Ái Nhĩ Lan (Irelande), không còn bụng dạ nào lo giúp nước Pháp được.

1915 August 15, Cường Để, “Ý kiến cứu quốc của Kỳ ngoại hầu Cường Để”, in Ngục trung thư:

England is currently constrained by the Indian revolutionary movement and the independence campaign of the people in Ireland; there is no longer an appetite to help France.

Lễ hội Halloween bắt nguồn từ dân tộc Celt, là một dân tộc sống cách đây hơn 2,000 năm trên các vùng đất bây giờ là Anh quốc, Ái Nhĩ Lan và miền Bắc nước Pháp.

2018 October 30, Minh Hà, “Halloween là một lễ hội tổ chức ngày 31/10, mang ý nghĩa giáo dục và nhân bản có thể bạn không biết [Hawlloween is a holiday celebrated on October 31, with religious and human meaning you may not know about]”, in VnReview, Hanoi: Diễn Đàn Đầu Tư, retrieved 2021-02-28:

The Halloween tradition comes from the Celtic people, who lived over 2,000 years ago in present-day England, Ireland, and northern France.

Đức Tổng Giám Mục Dublin đang cảnh báo rằng Ái Nhĩ Lan đã “trở nên vô cảm với bạo lực bằng dao” sau một loạt các vụ đâm chém ở nước này.

2021 February 14, Đặng Tự Do, “Đức Tổng Giám Mục Dublin nhận định: Xã hội đã ‘Mất sự đồng cảm’ đằng sau sự gia tăng tội phạm bằng dao ở Ái Nhĩ Lan [Archbishop of Dublin passes judgment: Society has “lost empathy” in the aftermath of an increase of knifings in Ireland]”, in VietCatholic News, retrieved 2021-02-28:

The Archbishop of Dublin is warning that Ireland has “become numb to knife violence” after a series of stabbings in the country.


Tân Tây Lan

[tən˧˧ təj˧˧ laːn˧˧]

[təŋ˧˧ təj˧˧ laːŋ˧˧]

[təŋ˧˧ təj˧˧ laːŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 新西蘭, composed of 新 (“new”) and 西蘭 (“Zealand”), from Mandarin 新西蘭／新西兰 (Xīn Xīlán), calque of English New Zealand.

vi-etym-sino

Họ tới quần đảo Tân Tây Lan, nơi nhà hàng hải người Hà Lan Abel Janszoon Tasman đã phát hiện đầu tiên.

2014 October 27, “James Cook với những hành trình khám phá vùng đất mới [James Cook and the paths he took to discover new lands]”, in Tin tức, Hanoi: Vietnam News Agency, retrieved 2022-02-04:

They reached the New Zealand islands, which the Dutch sailor Abel Janszoon Tasman had originally discovered.

Anh hùng da trắng thượng đẳng là Brenton Tarrant, người tấn công vào Christchurch ở Tân Tây Lan vào Tháng Ba vừa qua với 51 người chết.

2019 November 20, Việt Nguyên, “Hiểm họa của phong trào da trắng thượng đẳng [The dangers of the white supremacist movement]”, in Nguoi Viet Daily News, Westminster, California, retrieved 2022-02-04:

The white supremacists' hero is Brenton Tarrant, the person who attacked Christchurch in New Zealand last March, killing 51 people.

Đầu tiên là lên làm việc cho một tuần báo chính trị tại thủ phủ Wellington của Tân Tây Lan, sau đó qua đến thành phố Sydney của Úc.

2021 August 19, Đinh Yên Thảo (Alexis Dinh), Peter Arnett, “Peter Arnett và ký ức chiến tranh Việt Nam (kỳ 1) [Peter Arnett and memories of the Vietnam War (installment 1)]”, in Voice of America, Washington, D.C., retrieved 2022-02-04:

First I went to work for a political weekly in Wellington, the capital of New Zealand, then went over to Sydney city in Australia.

(dated) New Zealand (a country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia)


Hiu-xtơn

[hiw˧˧ stəːŋ˧˧]

[hiw˧˧ stəːŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Hiu-xtơn.wav

Houston (the largest city in Texas, United States)


Đắk Lắk

→ English: Đắk Lắk

[ʔɗak̚˧˦ lak̚˧˦]

[ʔɗak̚˦˧˥ lak̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗak̚˦˥ lak̚˦˥]

From Eastern Mnong dak Lak (“Lak Lake”). Spellings with or without the diacritical marks (or even with or without a space) have been found to be inconsistently used by some agencies and institutions (e.g. Nhà khách tỉnh Daklak (“Dak Lak Guest House”)). A spelling without would be more representative of the original pronunciation (as "đác lác", with dak being the Mnong cognate to Vietnamese nác/nước (“water”)), although this spelling here is officially used.


Sóc Trăng

→ English: Sóc Trăng

[sawk͡p̚˧˦ t͡ɕaŋ˧˧]

[ʂawk͡p̚˦˧˥ ʈaŋ˧˧]

[sawk͡p̚˦˧˥ ʈaŋ˧˧]

[ʂawk͡p̚˦˥ ʈaŋ˧˧]

[sawk͡p̚˦˥ ʈaŋ˧˧]

From Khmer ស្រុក (srok, “inhabited area”) + ឃ្លាំង (khlĕəng, “storehouse of silver”), literally “land of storehouses of silver”; or from ស្រុក (srok) + ត្រែង (traeng, “reed”), literally “land of reeds”.

Sóc Trăng, a Vietnamese province in the Mekong Delta

Sóc Trăng, the capital city of Sóc Trăng Province


Chim

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-chim.wav


Sâu bọ

[səw˧˧ ʔɓɔ˧˨ʔ]

[ʂəw˧˧ ʔɓɔ˨˩ʔ]

[səw˧˧ ʔɓɔ˨˩ʔ]

[ʂəw˧˧ ʔɓɔ˨˩˨]

[səw˧˧ ʔɓɔ˨˩˨]


Bò sát

[ʔɓɔ˨˩ saːt̚˧˦]

[ʔɓɔ˦˩ ʂaːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓɔ˦˩ saːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓɔ˨˩ ʂaːk̚˦˥]

[ʔɓɔ˨˩ saːk̚˦˥]

bò + sát, referring to the fact that most extant reptiles crawl (bò) with their belly near (sát) the ground.


Hình nhện

[hïŋ˨˩ ɲen˧˨ʔ]

[hɨn˦˩ ɲen˨˩ʔ]

[hɨn˨˩ ɲəːn˨˩˨]


Thú

lớp Thú/Có vú


Cá sụn

[kaː˨˩˦ ʂun˨˩ʔ]

[kaː˨˩˦ sun˨˩ʔ]

[kaː˦˥ ʂʊwŋ͡m˨˩˨]

[kaː˦˥ sʊwŋ͡m˨˩˨]


Cá xương

[kaː˧˦ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[kaː˨˩˦ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[kaː˦˥ sɨəŋ˧˧]


Giáp xác

[zaːp̚˧˦ saːk̚˧˦]

[jaːp̚˦˧˥ saːk̚˦˧˥]

[jaːp̚˦˥ saːk̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 甲殼, composed of 甲 (“armor”) and 殼 (“shell”).


dây sống

[zəj˧˧ səwŋ͡m˧˦]

[jəj˧˧ ʂəwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[jəj˧˧ səwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[jəj˧˧ ʂəwŋ͡m˦˥]

[jəj˧˧ səwŋ͡m˦˥]


Ruột khoang

[zuət̚˧˨ʔ xwaːŋ˧˧]

[ʐuək̚˨˩ʔ kʰwaːŋ˧˧]

[ʐuək̚˨˩ʔ xwaːŋ˧˧]

[ɹuək̚˨˩˨ kʰwaːŋ˧˧]

[ɹuək̚˨˩˨ xwaːŋ˧˧]


Lưỡng cư

[lɨəŋ˦ˀ˥ kɨ˧˧]

[lɨəŋ˧˨ kɨ˧˧]

[lɨəŋ˨˩˦ kɨ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 兩 (“double”) and 居 (“to dwell”). Compare Chinese 兩棲／两栖 (lưỡng tê).


Động vật nguyên sinh

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ vət̚˧˨ʔ ŋwiən˧˧ sïŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ vək̚˨˩ʔ ŋwiəŋ˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ vək̚˨˩ʔ ŋwiəŋ˧˧ sɨn˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ vək̚˨˩˨ ŋwiəŋ˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ jək̚˨˩˨ ŋwiəŋ˧˧ sɨn˧˧]

Calque of Chinese 原生動物／原生动物 (nguyên sinh động vật)


động vật có xương sống

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ vət̚˧˨ʔ kɔ˧˦ sɨəŋ˧˧ səwŋ͡m˧˦]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ vək̚˨˩ʔ kɔ˨˩˦ sɨəŋ˧˧ ʂəwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ vək̚˨˩ʔ kɔ˨˩˦ sɨəŋ˧˧ səwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ vək̚˨˩˨ kɔ˦˥ sɨəŋ˧˧ ʂəwŋ͡m˦˥]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ jək̚˨˩˨ kɔ˦˥ sɨəŋ˧˧ səwŋ͡m˦˥]

động vật (“animal”) + có (“to have”) + xương sống (“vertebra”)


Chân khớp

[t͡ɕən˧˧ xəːp̚˧˦]

[t͡ɕəŋ˧˧ kʰəːp̚˦˧˥]

[t͡ɕəŋ˧˧ xəːp̚˦˧˥]

[cəŋ˧˧ kʰəːp̚˦˥]

[cəŋ˧˧ xəːp̚˦˥]

chân (“leg”) + khớp (“joint”), calque of Chinese 節肢／节肢 (tiết chi)

ngành Chân khớp


Thân mềm

[tʰəŋ˧˧ mem˦˩]

[tʰəŋ˧˧ mem˨˩]

thân (“body”) + mềm (“soft”), calque of Chinese 軟體／软体 (Nhuyễn thể)


Huỳnh

Sino-Vietnamese word from 黃, the Southern reading of the character. Doublet of Hoàng, the Northern form.


Ngô

English: Ngo

French: Ngo

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-ngô.wav

tiếng Ngô


Thạch

[tʰajk̟̚˧˨ʔ]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 石. From the Chinese surname Shi (compare the Korean surname Seok) or from the Khmer surname Sok.


Trường

a male or female given name, Truong, from Chinese


Thuỷ

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦]


Lục

[lʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


Lục

[lʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


Đoàn

Short for Đoàn Thanh niên Cộng sản Hồ Chí Minh (“Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union”).


Thuỵ

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˨]


Lương

Spring and Autumn
Spring and Autumn#English

(historical) the State of Liang (an ancient Chinese state during the Spring and Autumn period (?–641 BCE))

(historical) the Liang dynasty (502–557 C.E.)


Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam

[ʔɗaːŋ˧˩ kəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ saːn˧˩ viət̚˧˨ʔ naːm˧˧]

[ʔɗaːŋ˧˨ kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ ʂaːŋ˧˨ viək̚˨˩ʔ naːm˧˧]

[ʔɗaːŋ˧˨ kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ saːŋ˧˨ viək̚˨˩ʔ naːm˧˧]

[ʔɗaːŋ˨˩˦ kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ ʂaːŋ˨˩˦ viək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧]

[ʔɗaːŋ˨˩˦ kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ saːŋ˨˩˦ jiək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧]

From đảng cộng sản (“communist party”) + Việt Nam (“Vietnam”).

af

Từ năm 1930, dưới sự lãnh đạo của Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam do Chủ tịch Hồ Chí Minh sáng lập và rèn luyện, Nhân dân ta tiến hành cuộc đấu tranh lâu dài, đầy gian khổ, hy sinh vì độc lập, tự do của dân tộc, vì hạnh phúc của Nhân dân.

Starting in 1930, under the leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam, formed and trained by President Ho Chi Minh, our people waged a protracted revolutionary struggle full of hardships and sacrifices for independence, freedom of the nation and happiness of the People.


Cúc

[kʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥]


Đảng

Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam
Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam#Vietnamese

Short for Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam (“Communist Party of Vietnam”).


Chung

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧]


Ban Mê Thuột

[ʔɓaːn˧˧ me˧˧ tʰuət̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓaːŋ˧˧ mej˧˧ tʰuək̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓaːŋ˧˧ mej˧˧ tʰuək̚˨˩˨]

From Thai บ้าน (bâan) or Lao ບ້ານ (bān, “village”) + Thai แม่ (mɛ̂ɛ) or Lao ແມ່ (mǣ, “mother”) + Rade Thuôt (from Y Thuôt, a Rade personal name; rendered in Thai as ถ็วต), literally "Thuôt's mother's village". Compare Buôn Ma Thuột (literally “Thuôt's father's village”).


Trang

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-trang.wav


Trang

a commune in Mang Yang district, Gia Lai province, Vietnam


Buôn Ma Thuột

[ʔɓuən˧˧ maː˧˧ tʰuət̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓuəŋ˧˧ maː˧˧ tʰuək̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓuəŋ˧˧ maː˧˧ tʰuək̚˨˩˨]

From Rade ƀuôn (“village”) + ama (“father”) + Y Thuôt (a Rade personal name), literally "Y Thuôt's father's village". Compare Ban Mê Thuột (literally “Thuôt's mother's village”).

Buôn Ma Thuột (the provincial capital of Đắk Lắk, Vietnam)


Người

Proto-Vietic *ŋaaj, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *(m-)ŋaaj (“human being; person”)


Sa Đéc

[saː˧˧ ʔɗɛk̚˧˦]

[ʂaː˧˧ ʔɗɛk̚˦˧˥]

[saː˧˧ ʔɗɛk̚˦˧˥]

[ʂaː˧˧ ʔɗɛk̚˦˥]

[saː˧˧ ʔɗɛk̚˦˥]

From Khmer ផ្សារ (phsaa, “market”) + ដែក (daek, “iron”), literally "iron market".


Mĩ Tho

[mi˦ˀ˥ tʰɔ˧˧]

[mɪj˧˨ tʰɔ˧˧]

[mɪj˨˩˦ tʰɔ˧˧]

From Khmer ស្រុក (srok, “inhabited area”) + មេ (mee, “girl”) + ស (sɑɑ, “white”), literally "land of white girls". The first element was somehow dropped.

(history) a former province of Vietnam, now part of Tiền Giang Province

the capital city of Tiền Giang Province, Vietnam

(sông ～) the Mỹ Tho River (a river in Vietnam)


Xiêm Riệp

[siəm˧˧ ɹiəp̚˧˨ʔ]

[siəm˧˧ ziəp̚˧˨ʔ]

[siəm˧˧ ɹiəp̚˨˩ʔ]

[sim˧˧ ɹip̚˨˩˨]


Kế Sách

[kej˨˩˦ ʂat̚˦˧˥]

Etymology tree
Proto-Mon-Khmer *ksac
Khmer ខ្សាច់ (khsac)bor.
Vietnamese Kế Sách
From Khmer ខ្សាច់ (khsac, “sand”). Doublet of cát.


Vinh

The city is called 永市 (“Vĩnh thị”) in Đại Nam nhất thống chí and 永城庯 (“Vĩnh thành phố”) in the Đại Nam thực lục. The occurrence of 永 (SV: vĩnh) as the city name in these adminstrative/official documents is obviously just another case of the common practice of phonetic matching to form a new tên chữ from the original tên Nôm and is of little actual etymological value.
In the past, this place was known by many names: Kẻ Vang, Kẻ Vịnh, Kẻ Vinh, Kẻ Vĩnh, Vinh Giang, Vinh Doanh.

The provincial capital of Nghệ An, Vietnam


Thục

[tʰʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[tʰʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[tʰʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


Gia Rai

[jaː˧˧ ʐaːj˧˧]

[jaː˧˧ ɹaːj˧˧]

tiếng Gia Rai

the Jarai people, a minority ethnic group inhabiting the Central Highlands of Vietnam


Đà Lạt

English: Da Lat; Dalat

French: Dalat

[ʔɗaː˨˩ laːt̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗaː˦˩ laːk̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗaː˨˩ laːk̚˨˩˨]

From Koho daa (“water”) + Laac (the indigenous people of Da Lat).

Da Lat, the capital city of Lâm Đồng Province


Trà Vinh

→ English: Trà Vinh

[t͡ɕaː˨˩ vïŋ˧˧]

[ʈaː˦˩ vɨn˧˧]

[ʈaː˨˩ vɨn˧˧]

[ʈaː˨˩ jɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 茶榮, from Khmer ព្រះត្រពាំង (prĕəhtrɑɑpĕəng, “holy pond”).

bor

Trà Vinh, a province in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam

Trà Vinh, the capital city of that province


Mường

English: Muong

Japanese: ムオン

Borrowed from a Tai language. Compare mường (“mountain village”), Muong mường (“Mường; village; mountain village”), Lao ເມືອງ (mư̄ang), Lü ᦵᦙᦲ (moe), ᨾᩮᩥ᩠ᨦ, Shan မိူင်း (móeng), Tai Dam ꪹꪣꪉ (mứang), Thai เมือง (mʉʉang).
Although this word has become a commonly used ethnonym, in many places, Mường people still refer to themselves by the endonym Mõl (“human being”) (or a variant of the word).

cog

tiếng Mường

𠲢𠰷喠土知誅㗂𤞽

1804, w:vi:Phạm Thái, Sơ kính tân trang (梳鏡新妝):

the Muong people, a minority ethnic group in mountainous regions of Vietnam


Sa Pa

[saː˧˧ paː˧˧]

[ʂaː˧˧ paː˧˧]

[saː˧˧ paː˧˧]

[ʂaː˧˧ paː˧˧]

[saː˧˧ paː˧˧]

From Hmong, from Mandarin 沙壩／沙坝 (Shābà, “sandbank”) (SV: Sa Bá). Doublet of Sa Pả.

Sa Pa (the capital of Sa Pa district, Lào Cai, Vietnam)


Chúa

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 主 (“master; lord”, SV: chủ), perhaps also a clipping of Thiên Chúa. Doublet of chúa (“noble prince/duke”) and chủ (“master; owner”).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">chủ</i>

doublet

lạy Chúa

ơn Chúa


Đắk Nông

→ English: Đắk Nông

[ʔɗak̚˧˦ nəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʔɗak̚˦˧˥ nəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʔɗak̚˦˥ nəwŋ͡m˧˧]

Đắk Lắk
Đắk Lắk

Đắk Nông, a province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, formerly part of Đắk Lắk Province


Nguyên

(history) Yuan, a Mongolian dynasty (1271–1368 C.E.)


Gia Lai

→ English: Gia Lai

Sino-Vietnamese word from 嘉萊, from Jarai Jarai. Doublet of Gia Rai.

Gia Lai, a province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam


Phục

[fʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[fʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[fʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


Phúc

[fʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

ông Phúc


Quyên

Sino-Vietnamese word from 娟 (“beautiful”).


Hiệu

Sino-Vietnamese word from 昊.
Originally Hạo, but changed to Hiệu due to naming taboo, in order to avoid homophony with the name of Emperor Kiến Phúc (full name: Nguyễn Phúc Hạo).


Thanh

(historical) the Qing dynasty (1636–1912 C.E.)


Trung Phi

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧ fi˧˧]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ fɪj˧˧]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ fɪj˧˧]

Central African Republic
Central African Republic#English:_Q929

Central African Republic (a country in Central Africa)


Ca-ri-bê

[kaː˧˧ zi˧˧ ʔɓe˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ ʐɪj˧˧ ʔɓej˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔɓej˧˧]


Triều Châu

[t͡ɕiəw˨˩ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[ʈiw˦˩ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[ʈiw˨˩ cəw˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Triều Châu.wav


Vạn Lí Trường Thành

[vaːn˧˨ʔ li˧˦ t͡ɕɨəŋ˨˩ tʰajŋ̟˨˩]

[vaːŋ˨˩ʔ lɪj˨˩˦ ʈɨəŋ˦˩ tʰɛɲ˦˩]

[vaːŋ˨˩˨ lɪj˦˥ ʈɨəŋ˨˩ tʰan˨˩]

[jaːŋ˨˩˨ lɪj˦˥ ʈɨəŋ˨˩ tʰan˨˩]


洪牙利

chữ Hán form of Hồng Nha Lợi (“Hungary”).


白耳義

Bạch Nhĩ Nghĩa
Bạch Nhĩ Nghĩa#Vietnamese

chữ Hán form of Bạch Nhĩ Nghĩa (“België”).


和蘭

chữ Hán form of Hoà Lan (“Netherlands”).


Ê-đê

[ʔe˧˧ ʔɗe˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧]


柴棍

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
 柴 棍
As commonly seen with non-Sino-Vietnamese placenames (in particular) and in Nôm texts (in general), these two characters are used purely for their phonetic values (i.e. they are phonograms). Neither 柴 nor 棍 has anything to do with the word's actual etymology. See Sài Gòn for discussion about the etymology of the word.


闍婆

chữ Hán form of Đồ Bà (“(historical) Java Island; Javanese people.”).


Cộng hoà Séc

[kəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ hwaː˨˩ sɛk̚˧˦]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ hwaː˦˩ ʂɛk̚˦˧˥]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ hwaː˦˩ sɛk̚˦˧˥]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ waː˨˩ ʂɛk̚˦˥]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ waː˨˩ sɛk̚˦˥]


Đông Ki-sốt

From French Don Quichotte, from Spanish Don Quixote.

Alternative form of Đôn Ki-hô-tê (“Don Quixote”)


孫悟空

chữ Hán form of Tôn Ngộ Không (“Sun Wukong”).


Mèo

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-mèo.wav

(now dated, can be derogatory) the Hmong people


阿彌陀佛

chữ Hán form of A Di Đà Phật (“Amitābha Buddha”).


青龍

chữ Hán form of Thanh Long (“Azure Dragon, one of the Four symbols of the Chinese constellations”).


Ba Tư

[ʔɓaː˧˧ tɨ˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ tɨ˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ tɨ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 波斯 (“Persia”).


Quốc tế ca

[kuək̚˧˦ te˧˦ kaː˧˧]

[kuək̚˦˧˥ tej˨˩˦ kaː˧˧]

[wək̚˦˥ tej˦˥ kaː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 國際歌, composed of 國際 (“international”) and 歌 (“song”).


西京

chữ Hán form of Tây Kinh (“a western capital, a former name of a number of cities”).


Y Lãng

[ʔi˧˧ laːŋ˦ˀ˥]

[ʔɪj˧˧ laːŋ˧˨]

[ʔɪj˧˧ laːŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 伊朗 (“Iran”), from Persian ایران (irân).

(obsolete) Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Phổ

Sino-Vietnamese word from 普, from Mandarin 普魯士／普鲁士 (Pǔlǔshì; Phổ Lỗ Sĩ), perhaps from French Prusse. Compare Thuỵ Sĩ.


西夏

chữ Hán form of Tây Hạ (“the Western Xia dynasty (1038–1227); the Tangut Empire”).


玄奘

chữ Hán form of Huyền Trang (“Xuanzang, Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveller, and translator who described the interaction between China and India in the early Tang dynasty”).


康熙

chữ Hán form of Khang Hi (“Kangxi (one of the emperors of the Qing dynasty)”).


Ê-cốt

[ʔe˧˧ kot̚˧˦]

[ʔej˧˧ kok̚˦˧˥]


Xcốt-len

[skok̚˦˧˥ lɛŋ˧˧]

[skok̚˦˥ lɛŋ˧˧]


Lạc Long Quân

[laːk̚˧˨ʔ lawŋ͡m˧˧ kwən˧˧]

[laːk̚˨˩ʔ lawŋ͡m˧˧ kwəŋ˧˧]

[laːk̚˨˩ʔ lɔŋ˧˧ kwəŋ˧˧]

[laːk̚˨˩˨ lawŋ͡m˧˧ wəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 雒龍君 (“Dragon Lord of the Lạc Việt”).

Dragon Lord of the <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Lạc Việt</i>

Lạc Long Quân, a deified legendary figure, who is said to have been one of the two ancestors (the father) of the Vietnamese people (the Kinh) and husband to Âu Cơ


Âu Cơ

[ʔəw˧˧ kəː˧˧]

[ʔəw˧˧ kəː˧˧]

[ʔəw˧˧ kəː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 嫗姬 (“Lady of the Âu Việt”)

Lady of the <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Âu Việt</i>

Âu Cơ, a deified legendary figure, who is said to have been one of the two ancestors (the mother who laid 100 eggs) of the Vietnamese people (the Kinh) and wife to Lạc Long Quân


Việt kiều

[viət̚˧˨ʔ kiəw˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Việt kiều.wav

(collective) overseas Vietnamese; Vietnamese nationals


穀雨

chữ Hán form of Cốc vũ (“lit. "grain rain"; one of the solar terms”).


芒種

chữ Hán form of Mang chủng (“lit. "awns (beard of grain) grow"; one of the solar terms”).


立冬

chữ Hán form of Lập đông (“The first day of winter (one of the solar terms)”).


立秋

chữ Hán form of Lập thu (“The first day of autumn, one of the solar terms”).


ngày Tết

[ŋaj˦˩ tet̚˦˧˥]

[ŋa(ː)j˨˩ təːt̚˦˥]


Ngọc

[ŋawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ŋawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ŋawk͡p̚˨˩˨]


Sơn Tinh

[səːn˧˧ tïŋ˧˧]

[ʂəːŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[səːŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[ʂəːŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[səːŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 山 (“mountain”) and 精 (“spirit”).

the Mountain Spirit, a legendary figure, the deification of all humans, who is said to have defeated Thuỷ Tinh in the battle between humans and nature; he is also worshipped as the Holy One of Mount Tản Viên


Thủy tinh

Alternative spelling of Thuỷ tinh (“Mercury”) (planet)


Thủy Tinh

Alternative letter-case form of Thủy tinh


Hà Tĩnh

→ English: Hà Tĩnh

[haː˧ tḭŋ̟˨]

[haː˨˩ tïŋ˦ˀ˥]

[haː˦˩ tɨn˧˨]

[haː˨˩ tɨn˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 河靜, composed of 河 (river) and 静 (calm), meaning "place where the river is calm".

Hà Tĩnh, a province in the North Central Coast region of Vietnam


Thanh Hoá

→ English: Thanh Hoá

[tʰajŋ̟˧˧ hwaː˧˦]

[tʰɛɲ˧˧ hwaː˨˩˦]

Thanh Hoá (the capital city of Thanh Hoá province, Vietnam)


Nghệ An

→ English: Nghệ An

[ŋe˨ ʔaːn˧˥]

[ŋe˧˨ʔ ʔaːn˧˧]

[ŋej˨˩ʔ ʔaːŋ˧˧]

[ŋej˨˩˨ ʔaːŋ˧˧]

Nghệ An, a province in the North Central Coast region of Vietnam


Ma-lai-xi-a

[maː˧˧ laːj˧˧ si˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[maː˧˧ laːj˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[maː˧˧ laːj˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]


In-đô-nê-xi-a

[ʔin˧˧ ʔɗo˧˧ ne˧˧ si˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔin˧˧ ʔɗow˧˧ nej˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔɨn˧˧ ʔɗow˧˧ nej˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


Va Ti Căng

[vaː˧˧ ti˧˧ kaŋ˧˧]

[vaː˧˧ tɪj˧˧ kaŋ˧˧]

[vaː˧˧ tɪj˧˧ kaŋ˧˧]

[jaː˧˧ tɪj˧˧ kaŋ˧˧]


Lỗ Ma Ni

[lo˦ˀ˥ maː˧˧ ni˧˧]

[low˨˩˦ maː˧˧ nɪj˧˧]


An Lê Mân

[ʔaːn˧˧ le˧˧ mən˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ lej˧˧ məŋ˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ lej˧˧ məŋ˧˧]


Bảo Gia Lợi

[ʔɓaːw˧˩ zaː˧˧ ləːj˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓaːw˧˨ jaː˧˧ ləːj˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓaːw˨˩˦ jaː˧˧ ləːj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 保加利, which is a contracted form of 保加利亞／保加利亚.


Ai Lao

[ʔaːj˧˧ laːw˧˧]

[ʔaːj˧˧ laːw˧˧]

[ʔaːj˧˧ laːw˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 哀牢.
Always originally designated a state in Yunnan and Burma, which likely had no connection to Laos, it came to refer to the kingdom(s) of Lao people through phono-semantic matching of Lao ລາວ (lāo).

psm

(historical) Ailao, an ancient state in modern-day Yunnan province (of China) and Burma


Áo Địa Lợi

[ʔaːw˧˦ ʔɗiə˧˨ʔ ləːj˧˨ʔ]

[ʔaːw˨˩˦ ʔɗiə˨˩ʔ ləːj˨˩ʔ]

[ʔaːw˦˥ ʔɗiə˨˩˨ ləːj˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Áo Địa Lợi.wav

(obsolete) Austria (a country in Central Europe)


Quy Ba

[kwi˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧]

[kwɪj˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧]

[wɪj˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧]

(obsolete) Cuba (an island and country in the Caribbean)

(historical) A former county of Jiangsu, China

(historical) A vassal state of the Đông Châu dynasty


I Rắc

[ʔi˧˧ zak̚˧˦]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ʐak̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ɹak̚˦˥]


Ô Khắc Lan

[ʔo˧˧ xak̚˧˦ laːn˧˧]

[ʔow˧˧ kʰak̚˦˧˥ laːŋ˧˧]

[ʔow˧˧ xak̚˦˧˥ laːŋ˧˧]

[ʔow˧˧ kʰak̚˦˥ laːŋ˧˧]

[ʔow˧˧ xak̚˦˥ laːŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Ô Khắc Lan.wav

(obsolete) Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Lục Xâm Bảo

[lʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ səm˧˧ ʔɓaːw˧˩]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ səm˧˧ ʔɓaːw˧˨]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨ səm˧˧ ʔɓaːw˨˩˦]

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)

Luxembourg, Luxembourg City (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city)


Mễ Tây Cơ

head

Mễ Tây Cơ • (米西基)

vi-proper noun

Mễ Tây Cơ • (米西基)

[me˦ˀ˥ təj˧˧ kəː˧˧]

[mej˧˨ təj˧˧ kəː˧˧]

[mej˨˩˦ təj˧˧ kəː˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Mễ Tây Cơ.wav

Người Mễ Tây Cơ làm tổ nuôi ong bằng đất nung,[…]

1957, Đoàn Giỏi, chapter 9, in Đất rừng phương Nam, Kim Đồng:

The Mexicans make beehives from terracotta, […]

(Overseas Vietnamese or obsolete) Mexico (a country in North America)


Biên Xích

[ʔɓiən˧˧ sïk̟̚˧˦]

[ʔɓiəŋ˧˧ sɨt̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓiəŋ˧˧ sɨt̚˦˥]


Phi-líp-pin

[fɪj˧˧ lip̚˦˥ pɨn˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Phi-líp-pin.wav

Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


Hồi Quốc

Sino-Vietnamese word from 回國, blend of Hồi giáo (“Islam”) + quốc gia (“country”), after the official name of Pakistan, Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

blend

Còn Hồi Quốc, trước khi có sự ly khai của Đông Hồi, Hồi Quốc là một quốc gia nhưng về phương diện địa lý gồm hai lãnh thồ Ðông Hồi và Tây Hồi cách xa nhau 2.000 cây số.

1972, Trần Thị Hoài-Trân, Lực-Lượng Chánh-Trị: một căn bản khảo cứu xã hội chánh trị học:

As for Pakistan, before East Pakistan separated, Pakistan was a single country but in terms of geography included the two territories of East Pakistan and West Pakistan 2,000 kilometers apart.

Ngay khi quân đội Hồi Quốc đồng ý đầu hàng, cuộc không tặc vào thành phố ngừng ngay lập tức những quân Ân Độ vẫn chưa tới thành phố Dacca này.

2000, Trần Hồng Văn, Hoa với lá chỉ một màu trắng đục:

As soon as Pakistani troops surrendered, hijackings in the city immediately stopped any Indian troops who hadn't yet reached the city of Dacca.

Con số 27 người ngoại quốc chết có các quốc tịch như Hoa Kỳ, Hồi Quốc, Ấn Độ, Trung Hoa và Hà Lan.

2019, Đào Văn Bình, “Cảnh Giác Với Bạo Lực Tôn Giáo”, in Việt Báo Daily News, Westminster, California:

The 27 foreigners who died were American, Pakistani, Indian, Chinese, and Dutch nationals.


Phi Luật Tân

[fi˧˧ lwət̚˧˨ʔ tən˧˧]

[fɪj˧˧ lwək̚˨˩ʔ təŋ˧˧]

[fɪj˧˧ l⁽ʷ⁾ək̚˨˩˨ təŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Phi Luật Tân.wav

Các cuộc nghiên cứu trước đây tại New York và Los Angeles đã thấy những di dân khá giả gốc Nhật Bản, Hàn Quốc, Ấn Độ, và Phi Luật Tân đều thích sống trong các khu đông người cùng gốc.

2013 June 28, Ngô Nhân Dụng, “Người Việt ở Mỹ nghèo hơn và học thấp hơn [Vietnamese-Americans are poorer and less well-educated]”, in Nguoi Viet Daily News, Westminster, California, retrieved 2022-02-05:

Previous research from New York and Los Angeles has found that well-off immigrants from Japan, South Korea, India, and the Philippines all prefer to reside in neighborhoods predominantly of their ethnicity.

Vừa kiềm chế hải quân Pháp đã vào Đại Nam, vừa giảm ảnh hưởng của Tây Ban Nha từ Phi Luật Tân và cắm mốc đồng minh Anh trên đất Nhật Bản đối với Hoa Kỳ.

2015 September 15, Trần Vũ, “Việt Nam cần học gì từ quân sự Nhật? [What should Vietnam learn from the Japanese military?]”, in BBC News Vietnamese, London, retrieved 2022-02-05:

While keeping French forces out of Đại Nam, they reduced Spanish influence from the Philippines and planted the flag of the British allies on Japan alongside the United States.

Dân Việt Nam lại tiếp tục sống với lợi tức bình quân $3,600 đô la một năm, gần bằng Phi Luật Tân, bằng một phần ba lợi tức dân Malaysia, một nửa dân Thái Lan, chỉ giàu hơn dân ba nước Campuchia, Lào và Miến Điện.

2021 December 13, Ngô Nhân Dụng, “Xây dựng chỉnh đốn mãi chưa xong [Still not finished building back better]”, in Voice of America, Washington, D.C., retrieved 2022-02-05:

Vietnamese people continue to live with an average income of US$3,600 a year, approximately equal to the Philippines, a third of the income of Malaysians, half of Thais, and only higher than that of citizens of the three countries Cambodia, Laos, and Burma.

(dated) Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


Tân Gia Ba

[tən˧˧ zaː˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧]

[təŋ˧˧ jaː˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧]

[təŋ˧˧ jaː˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧]

“…Năm ngày sau, tàu chúng tôi đến Tân Gia Ba, và được Hải Quân Hoa Kỳ đưa chúng tôi vào thẳng đảo Guam.…”

2019 March 23, Lâm Hoài Thạch, “Cựu quân nhân ngành An Ninh Quân Đội VNCH mừng Xuân Kỷ Hợi [Former soldier in the Army Security Agency of the Republic of Vietnam celebrates the Year of the Pig]”, in Nguoi Viet Daily News, Westminster, California, retrieved 2022-02-05:

“…Five days later, our ship reached Singapore, and the United States Navy took us directly to the island of Guam…”

Trận bão qua rồi, các chiến thuyền còn lại mới đến Tân Gia Ba, vượt qua eo biển Malacca (Mã Lai) vào Ấn Độ dương và sau cùng đến hải phận xứ Ba Tư…”.

2021 August 13, Nam Hoa, “Ai là người châu Âu đầu tiên được ghi nhận đặt chân đến Côn Đảo? [Who was the first known European to set foot on Côn Đảo?]”, in Thanh Niên, Ho Chi Minh City, retrieved 2022-02-05:

After the storm, the remaining boats went to Singapore, past the Strait of Malacca (Malaya) into the Indian Ocean and finally into the territorial waters of Persia.

Không có tài nguyên thiên nhiên như các nước láng giềng, đất đai hạn chế mà Tân Gia Ba đã trở thành Tứ hổ Á Châu cùng với Đại Hàn, Hồng Kông, Đài Loan.

2022 February 5, Đại Dương, “Đệ Tam Thế Chiến Ngày Càng Gần Kề (Part II) [The Third World War draws ever closer]”, in Vietnam Daily News, San Jose, California, archived from the original on 2022-02-06:

Despite lacking the natural resources of its neighbors and having limited land, Singapore has become one of the Four Asian Tigers along with South Korea, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.

(dated or historical) Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


A Phú Hãn

[ʔaː˧˧ fu˧˦ haːn˦ˀ˥]

[ʔaː˧˧ fʊw˨˩˦ haːŋ˧˨]

[ʔaː˧˧ fʊw˦˥ haːŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 阿富汗 (“Afghanistan”), from Persian افغانستان (afğânestân).

vi-etym-sino

Sanh viên của những nước A phú hãn, Trung Á, Hy lạp và Tiểu Á tế Á đều đến đó học tập.

1958, Van-hóa Á-châu [Asian culture], Hội Việt-Nam nghiên-cứu liên-lạc văn-hoá Á-châu, page 79:

Students from the countries of Afghanistan, Central Asia, Greece, and Asia Minor all went there to study.

Lãnh thổ này bao gồm đất của các nước Trung Hoa, Nga, Iran, A Phú Hãn, Hồi Quốc và Bắc Ấn hiện nay.

1989, Nguyễn Ngọc Huy, Quốc Triều Hình Luật: Bộ Luật Nhà Hậu Lê (1428–1788): Bộ Quốc Triều Hình Luật Trong Lịch Sử Pháp Chế Việt Nam, California: Viet Publisher Thư Quán, page 52:

This territory included the land of present-day China, Russia, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and North India.

Vào tháng 8 năm 2014, tại căn cứ Fort Hood, Texas, Đại tá Lương Xuân Việt đã được vinh thăng Chuẩn tướng, là Tư lệnh phó Sư đoàn 1 Thiết Kỵ (1st Cavalry Division). Cùng thời gian đó, ông kiêm nhiệm chức Chỉ huy trưởng, Bộ chỉ huy Huấn Luyện, cố vấn và yễm Trợ Miền Nam (TAAC South) A Phú Hãn.

2015 August 21, Nguyễn Mạnh Trí, “Sĩ Quan Người Mỹ Gốc Việt [Vietnamese-American officers]”, in Việt Báo, 2nd edition, Garden Grove, California, retrieved 2022-07-17:

In August 2014, at Fort Hood base in Texas, Major General Viet Xuan Luong was promoted to general, as assistant commander of the 1st Cavalry Division. At the same time, he simultaneously served as commander of Train Advise Assist Command – South in Afghanistan.

― Petawawa. Chúng tôi sẽ ở đó hai tuần để thụ huấn một chương trình huấn luyện đặc biệt rồi sau đó sẽ bổ sung tới A Phú Hãn.

2022 March 31, Nguyên Trần, “Những Người Lính [Soldiers]”, in Northwest Vietnamese News, Newcastle, Washington, retrieved 2022-07-17:

"Petawawa. We will be there for two weeks for a special training exercise then go support Afghanistan."

(dated) Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


Ai-déc-bai-gian

[ʔaːj˧˧ zɛk̚˧˦ ʔɓaːj˧˧ zaːn˧˧]

[ʔaːj˧˧ jɛk̚˦˧˥ ʔɓaːj˧˧ jaːŋ˧˧]

[ʔaːj˧˧ jɛk̚˦˥ ʔɓaːj˧˧ jaːŋ˧˧]

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe)


Thường

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Thường.wav


和製漢語

Hoà chế Hán ngữ
Hoà chế Hán ngữ#Vietnamese

chữ Hán form of Hoà chế Hán ngữ (“wasei kango”).


E-xtô-ni-a

[ʔɛ˧˧ sto˧˧ ni˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔɛ˧˧ stow˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔɛ˧˧ stow˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

Borrowed from Russian Эсто́ния (Estónija).


Nê-pan

Nepal (a country in South Asia, located between China and India)


Ma-xê-đô-ni-a

[maː˧˧ se˧˧ ʔɗo˧˧ ni˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[maː˧˧ sej˧˧ ʔɗow˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[maː˧˧ sej˧˧ ʔɗow˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]


Man-ta

[maːŋ˧˧ taː˧˧]

[maːŋ˧˧ taː˧˧]

Malta (an island country in Southern Europe)

Malta (The largest island in the Maltese Archipelago)


Crô-a-ti-a

[kɹo˧˧ ʔaː˧˧ ti˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[kɹow˧˧ ʔaː˧˧ tɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[kɹow˧˧ ʔaː˧˧ tɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Xéc-bi

[sɛk̚˧˦ ʔɓi˧˧]

[sɛk̚˦˧˥ ʔɓɪj˧˧]

[sɛk̚˦˥ ʔɓɪj˧˧]

Serbia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Bô-xni-a Héc-xê-gô-vi-na

[ʔɓo˧˧ sni˧˧ ʔaː˧˧ hɛk̚˧˦ se˧˧ ɣo˧˧ vi˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ʔɓow˧˧ snɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧ hɛk̚˦˧˥ sej˧˧ ɣow˧˧ vɪj˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ʔɓow˧˧ snɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧ hɛk̚˦˥ sej˧˧ ɣow˧˧ vɪj˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ʔɓow˧˧ snɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧ hɛk̚˦˥ sej˧˧ ɣow˧˧ jɪj˧˧ naː˧˧]

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English:_Q225

Bosnia and Herzegovina (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Lich-ten-xtên

[lïk̟̚˧˧ tɛn˧˧ sten˧˧]

[lɨt̚˧˧ tɛŋ˧˧ sten˧˧]

[lɨt̚˧˧ tɛŋ˧˧ stəːn˧˧]

Liechtenstein (a microstate in Central Europe)


Xlô-ven-ni-a

[slo˧˧ vɛn˧˧ ni˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[slow˧˧ vɛŋ˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[slow˧˧ vɛŋ˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[slow˧˧ jɛŋ˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


Ka-dắc-xtan

Alternative spelling of Ca-dắc-xtan: Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


Xlô-va-ki-a

[slo˧˧ vaː˧˧ ki˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[slow˧˧ vaː˧˧ kɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[slow˧˧ vaː˧˧ kɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[slow˧˧ jaː˧˧ kɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]


中國本土

Trung Quốc bản thổ
Trung Quốc bản thổ#Vietnamese

chữ Hán form of Trung Quốc bản thổ (“China proper”).


A-rập Xê-út

[ʔaː˧˧ zəp̚˧˨ʔ se˧˧ ʔut̚˧˦]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʐəp̚˨˩ʔ sej˧˧ ʔʊk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔaː˧˧ ɹəp̚˨˩˨ sej˧˧ ʔʊk͡p̚˦˥]

Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Xri Lan-ca

[sɹi˧˧ laːn˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[səː˨˩ zi˧˧ laːn˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[sɹɪj˧˧ laːŋ˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[səː˦˩ ʐɪj˧˧ laːŋ˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[sɹɪj˧˧ laːŋ˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[səː˨˩ ɹɪj˧˧ laːŋ˧˧ kaː˧˧]

Sri Lanka (an island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India)


Băng-la-đét

[ʔɓaŋ˧˧ laː˧˧ ʔɗɛt̚˧˦]

[ʔɓaŋ˧˧ laː˧˧ ʔɗɛt̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓaŋ˧˧ laː˧˧ ʔɗɛk̚˦˥]

From English Bangladesh, Bengali বাংলাদেশ (baṅladeś).


Pa-pua Niu Ghi-nê

[paː˧˧ puə˧˧ niw˧˧ ɣi˧˧ ne˧˧]

[paː˧˧ puə˧˧ niw˧˧ ɣɪj˧˧ nej˧˧]

[paː˧˧ puə˧˧ niw˧˧ ɣɪj˧˧ nej˧˧]

Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea#English:_Q691


Li-bi

[li˧˧ ʔɓi˧˧]

[lɪj˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧]

[lɪj˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧]


Ê-ti-ô-pi-a

[ʔe˧˧ ti˧˧ ʔo˧˧ pi˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ tɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧ pɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ tɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧ pɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]


白雪

chữ Hán form of Bạch Tuyết (“Snow White”).


Diêm Vương tinh

[ziəm˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧ tïŋ˧˧]

[jiəm˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[jim˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[jim˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 閻王星, composed of 閻王 (“King Yama”) and 星 (“star”), from Chinese 閻王星／阎王星 (Yánwángxīng), calque of Japanese 冥王星 (Meiōsei, Minh Vương tinh), coined by replacing the rather obscure 冥王 (Meiō, Minh Vương, “Netherking”, i.e. Pluto) with the better known 閻王／阎王 (Diêm Vương).

cal

(formal, rare) Pluto (Kuiper belt object - a dwarf planet)

Yama#Yama in Chinese, Korean, and Japanese mythology


Công

Sino-Vietnamese word from 公.
Sino-Vietnamese word from 功.


閻王星

Diêm Vương tinh
Diêm Vương tinh#Vietnamese

chữ Hán form of Diêm Vương tinh (“Pluto”).


外蒙

chữ Hán form of Ngoại Mông (“Outer Mongolia”).


五帝

chữ Hán form of Ngũ Đế (“the Five Emperors”).


三皇

chữ Hán form of Tam Hoàng (“the Three Sovereigns”).


三皇五帝

Tam Hoàng Ngũ Đế
Tam Hoàng Ngũ Đế#Vietnamese

chữ Hán form of Tam Hoàng Ngũ Đế (“the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors”).


南大洋

chữ Hán form of Nam Đại Dương (“Southern Ocean”).


東德

chữ Hán form of Đông Đức (“East Germany”).


西德

chữ Hán form of Tây Đức (“West Germany”).


Băng Cốc

[ʔɓaŋ˧˧ kəwk͡p̚˧˦]

[ʔɓaŋ˧˧ kəwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓaŋ˧˧ kəwk͡p̚˦˥]


Bỉ Lợi Thì

[ʔɓi˧˩ ləːj˧˨ʔ tʰi˨˩]

[ʔɓɪj˧˨ ləːj˨˩ʔ tʰɪj˦˩]

[ʔɓɪj˨˩˦ ləːj˨˩˨ tʰɪj˨˩]


Gruzia

Alternative spelling of Gru-di-a: Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)


沙悟淨

chữ Hán form of Sa Ngộ Tĩnh (“Sha Wujing”).


豬悟能

chữ Hán form of Trư Ngộ Năng (“Zhu Wuneng”).


金瓶梅

chữ Hán form of Kim Bình Mai (“The Plum in the Golden Vase”).


延邊

chữ Hán form of Diên Biên (“Yanbian (a Korean autonomous prefecture in Jilin, China)”).


竹書紀年

Trúc thư kỷ niên
Trúc thư kỷ niên#Vietnamese

chữ Hán form of Trúc thư kỷ niên (“the Bamboo Annals”).


哀牢

chữ Hán form of Ai Lao (“(obsolete) Laos”).


Phêrô

Alternative spelling of Phê-rô (“Peter”)


Tađêô

Alternative spelling of Ta-đê-ô (“Thaddaeus”)


Giêsu

Alternative spelling of Giê-su (“Jesus”)


Mátthêu

Alternative spelling of Mát-thêu (“Matthew”)


Công Tăng

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ taŋ˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ taŋ˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ taŋ˧˧]

From Latin Constantinus. Cognate with English Constantine.


Piô

[pɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

[pɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]


Clêmêntê

From Latin Clemens. Cognate with English Clement.


Đaminh

[ʔɗaː˧˧ mïŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ mɨn˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ mɨn˧˧]

From Late Latin Dominicus, derived from Dominus (“Lord”). Cognate with English Dominic.


Lê Minh

[le˧˧ mïŋ˧˧]


Bênêđictô

head

Bênêđictô • (陂泥𠫾蘇)

vi-proper noun

Bênêđictô • (陂泥𠫾蘇)

[ʔɓe˧˧ ne˧˧ ʔɗïk̟̚˧˦ to˧˧]

[ʔɓej˧˧ nej˧˧ ʔɗɨt̚˦˧˥ tow˧˧]

[ʔɓej˧˧ nej˧˧ ʔɗɨt̚˦˥ tow˧˧]

From Latin Benedictus. Cognate with English Benedict.


A Lịch Sơn

[ʔaː˧˧ lïk̟̚˧˨ʔ səːn˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ lɨt̚˨˩ʔ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ lɨt̚˨˩ʔ səːŋ˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ lɨt̚˨˩˨ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ lɨt̚˨˩˨ səːŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 亞歷山. Romanization of the Ancient Greek Αλέξανδρος (Aléxandros). Cognate with English Alexander.


Inhaxiô

[ʔi˧˧ ɲaː˧˧ si˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ɲaː˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ɲaː˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

From Portuguese Ignácio, from Latin Ignatius. Cognate with English Ignatius.


Thanh Diêu

[tʰajŋ̟˧˧ ziəw˧˧]

[tʰɛɲ˧˧ jiw˧˧]

From Ancient Greek Θαδδαῖος (Thaddaîos). Cognate with English Thaddaeus.


Biển Đức

[ʔɓiən˧˩ ʔɗɨk̚˧˦]

[ʔɓiəŋ˧˨ ʔɗɨk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓiəŋ˨˩˦ ʔɗɨk̚˦˥]

Phono-semantic matching of Portuguese Bento or Latin Benedictus. Cognate with English Benedict.


Martinô

From Latin Martinus. Cognate with English Martin.


Alexanđê

[ʔaː˧˧ lɛk̚˧˦ saːn˧˧ ʔɗe˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ lɛk̚˦˧˥ saːŋ˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ lɛk̚˦˥ saːŋ˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧]

From Portuguese Alexandre, from Latin Alexander. Cognate with English Alexander.


Phaolô

From Portuguese Paulo, from Latin Paulus. Cognate with English Paul.


Côrnêliô

[ko˧˧ ne˧˧ li˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

From Portuguese Cornélio, from Latin Cornelius. Cognate with English Cornelius.


Y Nhã

[ʔi˧˧ ɲaː˦ˀ˥]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ɲaː˧˨]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ɲaː˨˩˦]


Luciô

[lu˧˧ si˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

[lʊw˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

[lʊw˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

From Portuguese Lúcio, from Latin Lucius. Cognate with English Lucius.


Urbanô

[ʔwəː˧˧ ʔɓaːn˧˧ no˧˧]

[ʔwəː˧˧ ʔɓaːŋ˧˧ now˧˧]

[(ʔ)wəː˧˧ ʔɓaːŋ˧˧ now˧˧]

From Portuguese Urbano, Latin Urbanus. Cognate with English Urban.


Đa Minh

[ʔɗaː˧˧ mïŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ mɨn˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ mɨn˧˧]


Mạc Tính

[maːk̚˧˨ʔ tïŋ˧˦]

[maːk̚˨˩ʔ tɨn˦˧˥]

[maːk̚˨˩˨ tɨn˦˥]


Antôn

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ toŋ˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ toŋ˧˧]

Borrowed from Portuguese Antonio or Latin Antonius. Cognate with English Anthony.


Fêlix

[fe˧˧ lïk̟̚˧˦]

[fej˧˧ lɨt̚˦˧˥]

From Portuguese Félix, from Latin Felix. Cognate with English Felix.


Stêphanô

From Italian Stefano, from Latin Stephanus. Cognate with English Stephen.


Constantinô

[kɔŋ˧˧ staːŋ˧˧ tin˧˧ now˧˧]

[kɔŋ˧˧ staːŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧ now˧˧]

From Portuguese Constantino, from Latin Constantinus. Cognate with English Constantine.


Điônisiô

[ʔɗi˧˧ ʔon˧˧ ni˧˧ si˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

[ʔɗɪj˧˧ ʔoŋ˧˧ nɪj˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

[ʔɗɪj˧˧ ʔoŋ˧˧ nɪj˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

From Portuguese Dionísio, from Latin Dionysius. Cognate with English Dionysius.


Sylvestrô

From Italian Silvestro, from Latin Silvester. Cognate with English Sylvester.


Hà Liên

[haː˦˩ liəŋ˧˧]

[haː˨˩ liəŋ˧˧]

From Latin Elena. Cognate with English Helen.


Giăng

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Gio-an (“John”)

Giăng Van-giăng


Ước Bang

[ʔɨək̚˧˦ ʔɓaːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɨək̚˦˧˥ ʔɓaːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɨək̚˦˥ ʔɓaːŋ˧˧]

From Latin Urbanus. Cognate with English Urban.


Giuliô

[zu˧˧ li˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

[jʊw˧˧ lɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

[jʊw˧˧ lɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

From Italian Giulio, from Latin Iulius. Cognate with English Julius.


Bảo Lộc

Sino-Vietnamese word from 保祿, from Koho B'Lao. Doublet of B'Lao.

[ʔɓaːw˧˩ ləwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓaːw˧˨ ləwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓaːw˨˩˦ ləwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


Bảo Lộc

From Chinese 保祿／保禄 (Bǎolù), which is from Latin Paulus. Cognate with English Paul.

[ʔɓaːw˧˩ ləwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓaːw˧˨ ləwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓaːw˨˩˦ ləwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


An Tôn

From Portuguese Antonio or Latin Antonius. Cognate with English Anthony.

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ toŋ˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ toŋ˧˧]


An Tôn

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ toŋ˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ toŋ˧˧]

(historical) A former village in Vĩnh Phúc district, in present-day Tây Giai commune, Vĩnh Lộc district, Thanh Hóa province, Vietnam. The Hồ dynasty moved the capital from Thăng Long to this location. (See Citadel of the Hồ Dynasty.)


Mác

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Mác-cô (“Mark”)


Mác

A transliteration of the German surname Marx

Mác và Ăng-ghen

chủ nghĩa Mác

1883, Friedrich Engels, Speech at Karl Marx's Funeral (in English); German translation in Marx-Engels-Werke, volume 19, 1987; English retranslation in Marx/Engels Collected Works, volume 24, 1989; Vietnamese translation in C. Mác Và Ph. Ăng-ghen Toàn Tập, volume 19, 1995
Giống như Đác-uyn đã tìm ra quy luật phát triển của thế giới hữu cơ, Mác đã tìm ra quy luật phát triển của lịch sử loài người: [...]
Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of organic nature, so Marx discovered the law of development of human history: …

Vladimir Lenin (1914) “Учение_Маркса”, in Карл Маркс (Краткий биографический очеркс изложением марксизма) (in Russian); English translation in Lenin's Collected Works, volume 21, 1974; Vietnamese translation in V. I. Lê-nin Toàn Tập, volume 26, 2006
Chủ nghĩa Mác là hệ thống các quan điểm và học thuyết của Mác. Mác đã thừa kế và hoàn chỉnh một cách thiên tài ba trào lưu tư tưởng của thế kỷ XIX, thuộc ba nước tiên tiến nhất của loài người: triết học cổ điển Đức, môn kinh tế chính trị cổ điển Anh và chủ nghĩa xã hội Pháo gắn liền với các học thuyết cách mạng Pháp nói chung.
Marxism is the system of Marx’s views and teachings. Marx was the genius who continued and consummated the three main ideological currents of the nineteenth century, as represented by the three most advanced countries of mankind: classical German philosophy, classical English political economy, and French socialism combined with French revolutionary doctrines in general.


Bônifaciô

[ʔɓon˧˧ ni˧˧ faː˧˧ si˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

[ʔɓoŋ˧˧ nɪj˧˧ faː˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

[ʔɓoŋ˧˧ nɪj˧˧ faː˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

From Italian Bonifacio, from Latin Bonifatius. Cognate with English Boniface.


Lêô

From Italian Leo, from Latin Leo. Cognate with English Leo.


Hilariô

[hi˧˧ laː˧˧ ɹi˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

[hi˧˧ laː˧˧ zi˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

[hɪj˧˧ laː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

[hɪj˧˧ laː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

From Latin Hilarius. Cognate with English Hilary.


Grêgôriô

[ɹe˧˧ ɣo˧˧ ɹi˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

[ɹe˧˧ ɣo˧˧ zi˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

[ɹej˧˧ ɣow˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

[ɹej˧˧ ɣow˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

From Italian Gregorio, from Latin Gregorius. Cognate with English Gregory.


Linô

From Portuguese Lino, from Latin Linus. Cognate with English Linus.


Sêvêrinô

From Portuguese Severino, from Latin Severinus. Cognate with English Severin.


Thêôđorô

[tʰe˧˧ ʔo˧˧ ʔɗɔ˧˧ ɹo˧˧]

[tʰe˧˧ ʔo˧˧ ʔɗɔ˧˧ zo˧˧]

[tʰej˧˧ ʔow˧˧ ʔɗɔ˧˧ ɹow˧˧]

[tʰej˧˧ ʔow˧˧ ʔɗɔ˧˧ ɹow˧˧]

From Italian Teodoro, from Ancient Greek Θεόδωρος (Theódōros). Cognate with English Theodore.


Êugêniô

[ʔew˧˧ ɣen˧˧ ni˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

[ʔew˧˧ ɣen˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

[ʔew˧˧ ɣəːn˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

From Italian Eugenio, from Latin Eugenius. Cognate with English Eugene.


Valentinô

[vaː˧˧ lɛŋ˧˧ tin˧˧ now˧˧]

[vaː˧˧ lɛŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧ now˧˧]

[jaː˧˧ lɛŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧ now˧˧]

From Italian Valentino, from Latin Valentinus. Cognate with English Valentine.


Têrêsa

[te˧˧ ɹe˧˧ saː˧˧]

From Portuguese Teresa. Cognate with English Teresa.


Anê

[ʔaːn˧˧ ne˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ nej˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ nej˧˧]

From Italian Agnese, from Ancient Greek Ἁγνή (Hagnḗ). Cognate with English Agnes.


Giuse

Alternative spelling of Giu-se (“Joseph”)


Phanxicô

[faːŋ˧˧ sɪj˧˧ kow˧˧]

[faːŋ˧˧ sɪj˧˧ kow˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Phanxicô.wav

From Portuguese Francisco, from Latin Franciscus. Cognate with English Francis.

(Roman Catholicism) Francis (patronymic surname)

(Roman Catholicism) Francis (male given name)


Anrê

Alternative spelling of An-rê (“Andrew”)


Giacôbê

Alternative spelling of Gia-cô-bê (“James”)


Philípphê

Alternative spelling of Phi-líp-phê (“Philip; Philippi”)


Tôma

Alternative spelling of Tô-ma (“Thomas”)


Batôlômêô

head

Batôlômêô • (巴蘇爐迷烏)

vi-proper noun

Batôlômêô • (巴蘇爐迷烏)

[ʔɓaː˧˧ to˧˧ lo˧˧ me˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ tow˧˧ low˧˧ mej˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ tow˧˧ low˧˧ mej˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

From Italian Bartolomeo, from Latin Bartholomeus. Cognate with English Bartholomew.


Giuđa

[zu˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

[jʊw˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

[jʊw˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

From Italian Giuda or French Judas, from Latin Judas. Cognate with English Judas.


Ítcariốt

[ʔit̚˧˦ kaː˧˧ ɹi˧˧ ʔot̚˧˦]

[ʔit̚˧˦ kaː˧˧ zi˧˧ ʔot̚˧˦]

[ʔit̚˦˧˥ kaː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔok̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɨt̚˦˥ kaː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔok̚˦˥]

From French Iscariote, from Ancient Greek Ἰσκαριώτης (Iskariṓtēs). Cognate with English Iscariot.


Giuđa Ítcariốt

[zu˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧ ʔit̚˧˦ kaː˧˧ ɹi˧˧ ʔot̚˧˦]

[zu˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧ ʔit̚˧˦ kaː˧˧ zi˧˧ ʔot̚˧˦]

[jʊw˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧ ʔit̚˦˧˥ kaː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔok̚˦˧˥]

[jʊw˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧ ʔɨt̚˦˥ kaː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔok̚˦˥]

Giuđa + Ítcariốt. Cognate with English Judas Iscariot.


Xaviê

[saː˧˧ vi˧˧ ʔe˧˧]

[saː˧˧ vɪj˧˧ ʔej˧˧]

[saː˧˧ vɪj˧˧ ʔej˧˧]

[saː˧˧ jɪj˧˧ ʔej˧˧]

From French Xavier. Cognate with English Xavier.


Patriciô

[paː˧˧ t͡ɕi˧˧ si˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

[paː˧˧ ʈɪj˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

[paː˧˧ ʈɪj˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

From Portuguese Patrício, from Latin Patricius. Cognate with English Patrick.


Augustinô

[ʔa(ː)w˧˧ ɣʊw˧˧ stɨn˧˧ now˧˧]

From Latin Augustinus. Cognate with English Augustine.


Âu Tinh

[ʔəw˧˧ tïŋ˧˧]

[ʔəw˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[ʔəw˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Âu Tinh.wav


Ambrôsiô

[ʔaːm˧˧ ʔɓɹo˧˧ si˧˧ ʔo˧˧]

[ʔaːm˧˧ ʔɓɹow˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

[ʔaːm˧˧ ʔɓɹow˧˧ sɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧]

From Portuguese Ambrósio, from Latin Ambrosius. Cognate with English Ambrose.


Bênađô

head

Bênađô • (陂那都)

vi-proper noun

Bênađô • (陂那都)

[ʔɓe˧˧ naː˧˧ ʔɗo˧˧]

[ʔɓej˧˧ naː˧˧ ʔɗow˧˧]

[ʔɓej˧˧ naː˧˧ ʔɗow˧˧]

From Portuguese Bernardo. Cognate with English Bernard.


Gioan Baotixita

由安包卑吹些 (CJK)

[zwaːn˧˧ ʔɓaːw˧˧ ti˧˧ si˧˧ taː˧˧]

[jwaːŋ˧˧ ʔɓaːw˧˧ tɪj˧˧ sɪj˧˧ taː˧˧]

[jwaːŋ˧˧ ʔɓaːw˧˧ tɪj˧˧ sɪj˧˧ taː˧˧]

From Spanish Juan Bautista. Cognate with English John the Baptist, French Jean-Baptiste.


Giăng Báp-tít

[zaŋ˧˧ ʔɓaːp̚˧˦ tit̚˧˦]

[jaŋ˧˧ ʔɓaːp̚˦˧˥ tit̚˦˧˥]

[jaŋ˧˧ ʔɓaːp̚˦˥ tɨt̚˦˥]


Lôrensô

[lo˧˧ ɹɛn˧˧ so˧˧]

[low˧˧ ɹɛŋ˧˧ ʂow˧˧]

[low˧˧ ɹɛŋ˧˧ sow˧˧]

[low˧˧ ɹɛŋ˧˧ ʂow˧˧]

[low˧˧ ɹɛŋ˧˧ sow˧˧]

From Italian Lorenzo, from Latin Laurentius. Cognate with English Laurence.


Vinh Sơn

[vïŋ˧˧ səːn˧˧]

[vɨn˧˧ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[vɨn˧˧ səːŋ˧˧]

[vɨn˧˧ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[jɨn˧˧ səːŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Vinh Sơn.wav

Borrowed from French Vincent, from Latin Vincentius (literally “conqueror, winner”). Cognate with English Vincent.

der

(Roman Catholicism) a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Vincent


Micae

[mi˧˧ kaː˧˧ ʔɛ˧˧]

[mɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧ ʔɛ˧˧]

[mɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧ ʔɛ˧˧]

From Latin Michael. Cognate with English Michael.


Máctinô

[maːk̚˦˧˥ tɪj˧˧ now˧˧]

From Latin Martinus. Cognate with English Martin.


Isave

[ʔi˧˧ saː˧˧ vɛ˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ʂaː˧˧ vɛ˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ saː˧˧ vɛ˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ʂaː˧˧ vɛ˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ saː˧˧ jɛ˧˧]

From Portuguese Isabel. Cognate with English Isabel.


Á Châu

- “Dạ, bẩm lạy Trời con xin thưa
Con tên Khắc Hiếu họ là Nguyễn
Quê ở Á Châu và Địa cầu
Sông Đà núi Tản nước Nam Việt”.

1921, Tản Đà, Hầu Trời [Serving the Heavenly Lord]:

- Your Augustness, my Lord
My given name's Khắc Hiếu, my family name Nguyễn
I'm from Asia, Earth
I live near the Đà River and Tản Peak in Nanyue.

(dated or literary) Alternative spelling of Á châu


Á châu

[ʔaː˧˦ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[ʔaː˨˩˦ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[ʔaː˦˥ cəw˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 亞洲, composed of 亞 (“Asia”) and 洲 (“continent”).


châu Âu

[t͡ɕəw˧˧ ʔəw˧˧]

[t͡ɕəw˧˧ ʔəw˧˧]

[cəw˧˧ ʔəw˧˧]

châu (“geopolitical continent”) + Âu (“Europe”), calque of Chinese 歐洲／欧洲 (Âu châu)


Âu châu

[ʔəw˧˧ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[ʔəw˧˧ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[ʔəw˧˧ cəw˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 歐洲, composed of 歐 (“Europe”) and 洲 (“continent”).


châu Á

head

châu Á • (洲亞)

vi-proper noun

châu Á • (洲亞)

[t͡ɕəw˧˧ ʔaː˧˦]

[t͡ɕəw˧˧ ʔaː˨˩˦]

[cəw˧˧ ʔaː˦˥]

châu (“geopolitical continent”) + Á (“Asia”), calque of Chinese 亞洲／亚洲 (Á châu).


nước Mĩ

[nɨək̚˧˦ mi˦ˀ˥]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ mɪj˧˨]

[nɨək̚˦˥ mɪj˨˩˦]


TPHCM

[tʰajŋ̟˨˩ fo˧˦ ho˨˩ t͡ɕi˧˦ mïŋ˧˧]

[tʰɛɲ˦˩ fow˨˩˦ how˦˩ t͡ɕɪj˨˩˦ mɨn˧˧]

Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh#Vietnamese

Initialism of Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (“Ho Chi Minh City”); HCMC


CTTĐVN

[kaːk̚˧˦ tʰajŋ̟˧˦ tɨ˧˩ ʔɗaːw˧˨ʔ viət̚˧˨ʔ naːm˧˧]

[kaːk̚˦˧˥ tʰɛɲ˦˧˥ tɨ˧˨ ʔɗaːw˨˩ʔ viək̚˨˩ʔ naːm˧˧]

[kaːk̚˦˥ tʰan˦˥ tɨ˨˩˦ ʔɗaːw˨˩˨ viək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧]

[kaːk̚˦˥ tʰan˦˥ tɨ˨˩˦ ʔɗaːw˨˩˨ jiək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧]

Các Thánh Tử Đạo Việt Nam
Các Thánh Tử Đạo Việt Nam#Vietnamese

(Roman Catholicism) Initialism of Các Thánh Tử Đạo Việt Nam (“Vietnamese Martyrs”).


CHXHCNVN

[kəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ hwaː˨˩ saː˦ˀ˥ hoj˧˨ʔ t͡ɕu˧˩ ŋiə˦ˀ˥ viət̚˧˨ʔ naːm˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ hwaː˦˩ saː˧˨ hoj˨˩ʔ t͡ɕʊw˧˨ ŋiə˧˨ viək̚˨˩ʔ naːm˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ waː˨˩ saː˨˩˦ hoj˨˩˨ cʊw˨˩˦ ŋiə˨˩˦ viək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ waː˨˩ saː˨˩˦ hoj˨˩˨ cʊw˨˩˦ ŋiə˨˩˦ jiək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧]

Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam#Vietnamese

Initialism of Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam (“Socialist Republic of Vietnam”).


Anphongsô

[ʔaːn˧˧ fawŋ͡m˧˧ so˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ fawŋ͡m˧˧ ʂow˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ fɔŋ˧˧ sow˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ fawŋ͡m˧˧ ʂow˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ fawŋ͡m˧˧ sow˧˧]

(Roman Catholicism) Alphonsus Liguori (Italian bishop and founder of the Redemptorists)


Thuận Hóa

Traditional tone placement spelling of Thuận Hoá.


Kẻ Chợ

head

Kẻ Chợ • (仉𢄂)

vi-proper noun

Kẻ Chợ • (仉𢄂)

→ Muong: Ké Chỡ

→ Muong: Chỡ (“Vietnamese”)

→ Portuguese: Cachao

[kɛ˧˩ t͡ɕəː˧˨ʔ]

[kɛ˧˨ t͡ɕəː˨˩ʔ]

[kɛ˨˩˦ cəː˨˩˨]

The demotic name (tên Nôm) for the city, from kẻ (“person; nominalizer”) + chợ (“market”), roughly "market place".


Gia Định

[zaː˧˧ ʔɗïŋ˧˨ʔ]

[jaː˧˧ ʔɗɨn˨˩ʔ]

[jaː˧˧ ʔɗɨn˨˩˨]

(historical or literary) Saigon (modern-day Ho Chi Minh City)

(historical) A former province of Vietnam during the Nguyen dynasty, French Indochina, and South Vietnam, from 1832 to 1976, that surrounded Saigon.


Thuận Hoá

[tʰwən˧˨ʔ hwaː˧˦]

[tʰwəŋ˨˩ʔ hwaː˨˩˦]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˨˩˨ waː˦˥]

A commune of Tuyên Hoá district, Quảng Bình, Vietnam


山海經

chữ Hán form of Sơn hải kinh (“Classic of Mountains and Seas”).


藏經

chữ Hán form of Tạng kinh (“Chinese Buddhist canon; Tripitaka”).


大藏經

chữ Hán form of Đại tạng kinh (“Chinese Buddhist canon; Tripitaka”).


張家口

Trương Gia Khẩu
Trương Gia Khẩu#Vietnamese

chữ Hán form of Trương Gia Khẩu (“Zhangjiakou (a prefecture-level city in Hebei, China)”).


Tích Lan

[tïk̟̚˧˦ laːn˧˧]

[tɨt̚˦˧˥ laːŋ˧˧]

[tɨt̚˦˥ laːŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 錫蘭 from English Ceylon


Cao Miên

desc

Tai Dam: ꪀꪱꪫꪹꪢꪸꪙ

Tai Dam: ꪀꪱꪫꪹꪢꪸꪙ

[kaːw˧˧ miəŋ˧˧]

[kaːw˧˧ miəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 高綿, an alternative form of 高棉 (Gāomián).

(dated) Cambodia (a country in Southeast Asia)


新約

chữ Hán form of Tân Ước (“New Testament”).


舊約

chữ Hán form of Cựu Ước (“Old Testament”).


Căm Bốt

[kam˧˧ ʔɓot̚˧˦]

[kam˧˧ ʔɓok̚˦˧˥]

[kam˧˧ ʔɓok̚˦˥]


百家姓

chữ Hán form of Bách gia tính (“Baijiaxing (Hundred Family Surnames)”).


封神演義

Phong thần diễn nghĩa
Phong thần diễn nghĩa#Vietnamese

chữ Hán form of Phong thần diễn nghĩa (“Investiture of the Gods”).


經書

chữ Hán form of Kinh Thư (“Classic of History”).


儒林外史

Nho lâm ngoại sử
Nho lâm ngoại sử#Vietnamese

chữ Hán form of Nho lâm ngoại sử (“The Scholars; Unofficial History of the Scholars (Qing-dynasty novel)”).


摩尼教

chữ Hán form of Ma Ni giáo (“Manichaeism”).


南國

chữ Hán form of Nam quốc (“self-appellation of Vietnam”).


沙陀

chữ Hán form of Sa Đà (“Shatuo (a Turkic tribe that influenced northern Chinese politics from the late 9th century through the 10th century)”).


Nghệ Tĩnh

New Latin: Pseudoryx nghetinhensis

[ŋe˧˨ʔ tïŋ˦ˀ˥]

[ŋej˨˩ʔ tɨn˧˨]

[ŋej˨˩˨ tɨn˨˩˦]

Xô viết Nghệ Tĩnh

the collective name of Nghệ An and Hà Tĩnh, two North Central Coast provinces with great linguistic and cultural similarities


西遼

chữ Hán form of Tây Liêu (“Western Liao”).


北魏

chữ Hán form of Bắc Ngụy (“Northern Wei”).


北河

chữ Hán form of Bắc Hà (“Northern Vietnam during the 17ᵗʰ–18ᵗʰ centuries”).


南河

chữ Hán form of Nam Hà (“Central and Southern Vietnam during the 17ᵗʰ–18ᵗʰ centuries”).


太祖

chữ Hán form of Thái Tổ (“a temple name used for Chinese emperors, Vietnamese rulers, or Korean monarchs”).


Ix-ra-en

[ʔi˧˧ sɹaː˧˧ ʔɛn˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ sɹaː˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ sɹaː˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]


San Ma-ri-nô

[ʂaːŋ˧˧ maː˧˧ ʐɪj˧˧ now˧˧]

[saːŋ˧˧ maː˧˧ ʐɪj˧˧ now˧˧]

[ʂaːŋ˧˧ maː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ now˧˧]

[saːŋ˧˧ maː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ now˧˧]


Xy-ri

[sɪj˧˧ ʐɪj˧˧]

[sɪj˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧]

Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Cốt-xta-ri-ca

[kot̚˧˦ staː˧˧ ɹi˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[kok̚˦˧˥ staː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[kok̚˦˥ staː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧]


Xéc-bi-a

[sɛk̚˧˦ ʔɓi˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[sɛk̚˦˧˥ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[sɛk̚˦˥ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]


A-déc-bai-dan

[ʔaː˧˧ zɛk̚˧˦ ʔɓaːj˧˧ zaːn˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ jɛk̚˦˧˥ ʔɓaːj˧˧ jaːŋ˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ jɛk̚˦˥ ʔɓaːj˧˧ jaːŋ˧˧]

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe)


Gia-mai-ca

[zaː˧˧ maːj˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[jaː˧˧ maːj˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[jaː˧˧ maːj˧˧ kaː˧˧]


Cu-ba

[ku˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧]

[kʊw˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧]

[kʊw˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧]

Cuba (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Lít-ten-xơ-tên

[lit̚˧˦ tɛn˧˧ səː˧˧ ten˧˧]

[lit̚˦˧˥ tɛŋ˧˧ səː˧˧ ten˧˧]

[lɨt̚˦˥ tɛŋ˧˧ səː˧˧ təːn˧˧]


Môn-tê-nê-grô

[mon˧˧ te˧˧ ne˧˧ ɣɹo˧˧]

Montenegro (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Ni-ca-ra-goa

[ni˧˧ kaː˧˧ ɹaː˧˧ ɣwaː˧˧]

[ni˧˧ kaː˧˧ zaː˧˧ ɣwaː˧˧]

[nɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧ ɹaː˧˧ ɣwaː˧˧]

[nɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧ ɹaː˧˧ ɣwaː˧˧]

Nicaragua (a country in Central America)


U-ru-goay

[ʔu˧˧ ɹu˧˧ ɣwaj˧˧]

[ʔu˧˧ zu˧˧ ɣwaj˧˧]

[ʔʊw˧˧ ɹʊw˧˧ ɣwaj˧˧]

[ʔʊw˧˧ ɹʊw˧˧ ɣwaj˧˧]


Xu-ri-nam

[su˧˧ ɹi˧˧ naːm˧˧]

[sʊw˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ naːm˧˧]

[sʊw˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ naːm˧˧]


Cư-rơ-gư-dơ-xtan

[kɨ˧˧ ɹəː˧˧ ɣɨ˧˧ zəː˧˧ staːn˧˧]

[kɨ˧˧ zəː˧˧ ɣɨ˧˧ zəː˧˧ staːn˧˧]

[kɨ˧˧ ɹəː˧˧ ɣɨ˧˧ jəː˧˧ staːŋ˧˧]

[kɨ˧˧ ɹəː˧˧ ɣɨ˧˧ jəː˧˧ staːŋ˧˧]

Alternative form of Cư-rơ-gư-xtan: Kyrgyzstan (a country in Central Asia, bordering on Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China)


Bê-li-xê

[ʔɓe˧˧ li˧˧ se˧˧]

[ʔɓej˧˧ lɪj˧˧ sej˧˧]

[ʔɓej˧˧ lɪj˧˧ sej˧˧]


Pa-ra-goay

[paː˧˧ ɹaː˧˧ ɣwaj˧˧]

[paː˧˧ zaː˧˧ ɣwaj˧˧]

[paː˧˧ ɹaː˧˧ ɣwaj˧˧]

[paː˧˧ ɹaː˧˧ ɣwaj˧˧]


Grê-na-đa

[ɣɹe˧˧ naː˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

[ɣɹej˧˧ naː˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

[ɣɹej˧˧ naː˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

Grenada (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Goa-tê-ma-la

[ɣwaː˧˧ te˧˧ maː˧˧ laː˧˧]

[ɣwaː˧˧ tej˧˧ maː˧˧ laː˧˧]

[ɣwaː˧˧ tej˧˧ maː˧˧ laː˧˧]

Guatemala (a country in Central America)


Pê-ru

[pej˧˧ ɹʊw˧˧]

[pej˧˧ ɹʊw˧˧]


Cô-lôm-bi-a

[ko˧˧ lom˧˧ ʔɓi˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[kow˧˧ lom˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[kow˧˧ lom˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]


Ha-i-ti

[haː˧˧ ʔi˧˧ ti˧˧]

[haː˧˧ ʔɪj˧˧ tɪj˧˧]

[haː˧˧ ʔɪj˧˧ tɪj˧˧]


Pa-na-ma

[paː˧˧ naː˧˧ maː˧˧]

[paː˧˧ naː˧˧ maː˧˧]

[paː˧˧ naː˧˧ maː˧˧]


Dăm-bi-a

[zam˧˧ ʔɓi˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[zam˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[jam˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[zam˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[jam˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]


Vê-nê-du-ê-la

[ve˧˧ ne˧˧ zu˧˧ ʔe˧˧ laː˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Vê-nê-du-ê-la.wav


Bô-li-vi-a

[ʔɓo˧˧ li˧˧ vi˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔɓow˧˧ lɪj˧˧ vɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔɓow˧˧ lɪj˧˧ vɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔɓow˧˧ lɪj˧˧ jɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]


En Xan-va-đo

[ʔɛn˧˧ saːn˧˧ vaː˧˧ ʔɗɔ˧˧]

[ʔɛŋ˧˧ saːŋ˧˧ vaː˧˧ ʔɗɔ˧˧]

[ʔɛŋ˧˧ saːŋ˧˧ vaː˧˧ ʔɗɔ˧˧]

[ʔɛŋ˧˧ saːŋ˧˧ jaː˧˧ ʔɗɔ˧˧]

El Salvador (a country in Central America)


Ru-an-đa

[ɹu˧˧ ʔaːn˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

[ɹʊw˧˧ ʔaːŋ˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

[ɹʊw˧˧ ʔaːŋ˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]


Nam-mi-bi-a

[naːm˧˧ mi˧˧ ʔɓi˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[naːm˧˧ mɪj˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[naːm˧˧ mɪj˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]


Ca-mơ-run

[kaː˧˧ məː˧˧ ɹun˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ məː˧˧ zun˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ məː˧˧ ɹun˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ məː˧˧ ɹʊwŋ͡m˧˧]


Buốc-ki-na Pha-xô

[ʔɓuək̚˧˦ ki˧˧ naː˧˧ faː˧˧ so˧˧]

[ʔɓuək̚˦˧˥ kɪj˧˧ naː˧˧ faː˧˧ sow˧˧]

[ʔɓuək̚˦˥ kɪj˧˧ naː˧˧ faː˧˧ sow˧˧]

Burkina Faso (a country in West Africa, formerly Upper Volta)


Ê-ri-tơ-rê-a

[ʔe˧˧ ɹi˧˧ təː˧˧ ɹe˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔe˧˧ zi˧˧ təː˧˧ ze˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ təː˧˧ ɹej˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ təː˧˧ ɹej˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

Eritrea (a country in East Africa, on the Red Sea)


Tan-da-ni-a

[taːn˧˧ zaː˧˧ ni˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[taːŋ˧˧ jaː˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[taːŋ˧˧ jaː˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]


Xê-nê-gan

[se˧˧ ne˧˧ ɣaːn˧˧]

[sej˧˧ nej˧˧ ɣaːŋ˧˧]

[sej˧˧ nej˧˧ ɣaːŋ˧˧]


Ga-bông

[ɣaː˧˧ ʔɓəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ɣaː˧˧ ʔɓəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ɣaː˧˧ ʔɓəwŋ͡m˧˧]


Găm-bi-a

[ɣam˧˧ ʔɓi˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ɣam˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ɣam˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]


Ma-đa-gát-xca

[maː˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧ ɣaːt̚˧˦ skaː˧˧]

[maː˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧ ɣaːk̚˦˧˥ skaː˧˧]

[maː˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧ ɣaːk̚˦˥ skaː˧˧]

Madagascar (an island and country off the east coast of Africa)


Gi-bu-ti

[zi˧˧ ʔɓu˧˧ ti˧˧]

[jɪj˧˧ ʔɓʊw˧˧ tɪj˧˧]

[jɪj˧˧ ʔɓʊw˧˧ tɪj˧˧]


Gha-na

[ɣaː˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ɣaː˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ɣaː˧˧ naː˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Gha-na.wav


Mô-dăm-bích

[mo˧˧ zam˧˧ ʔɓïk̟̚˧˦]

[mow˧˧ zam˧˧ ʔɓïk̟̚˦˧˥]

[mow˧˧ jam˧˧ ʔɓïk̟̚˦˧˥]

[mow˧˧ zam˧˧ ʔɓïk̟̚˦˥]

[mow˧˧ jam˧˧ ʔɓïk̟̚˦˥]

Mozambique (a country in East Africa and Southern Africa)


Ma-li

[maː˧˧ lɪj˧˧]

[maː˧˧ lɪj˧˧]


Bu-run-đi

[ʔɓu˧˧ ɹun˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧]

[ʔɓu˧˧ zun˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧]

[ʔɓʊw˧˧ ɹun˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

[ʔɓʊw˧˧ ɹʊwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]


Mô-ri-ta-ni

[mo˧˧ ɹi˧˧ taː˧˧ ni˧˧]

[mow˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ taː˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

[mow˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ taː˧˧ nɪj˧˧]


Bốt-xoa-na

[ʔɓot̚˧˦ swaː˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ʔɓok̚˦˧˥ swaː˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ʔɓok̚˦˥ s⁽ʷ⁾aː˧˧ naː˧˧]


Guy-a-na

[ɣwi˧˧ ʔaː˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ɣwɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ɣwɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧ naː˧˧]


Mô-ri-xơ

[mo˧˧ ɹi˧˧ səː˧˧]

[mo˧˧ zi˧˧ səː˧˧]

[mow˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ səː˧˧]

[mow˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ səː˧˧]

Mauritius (A country in the Indian Ocean, east of East Africa and Madagascar)

Mauritius (The main island of the country of Mauritius)


Si-ê-ra Lê-ôn

[si˧˧ ʔe˧˧ ɹaː˧˧ le˧˧ ʔon˧˧]

[si˧˧ ʔe˧˧ zaː˧˧ le˧˧ ʔon˧˧]

[ʂɪj˧˧ ʔej˧˧ ɹaː˧˧ lej˧˧ ʔoŋ˧˧]

[sɪj˧˧ ʔej˧˧ ɹaː˧˧ lej˧˧ ʔoŋ˧˧]

[ʂɪj˧˧ ʔej˧˧ ɹaː˧˧ lej˧˧ ʔoŋ˧˧]

[sɪj˧˧ ʔej˧˧ ɹaː˧˧ lej˧˧ ʔoŋ˧˧]

Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone#English:_Q1044


Xây-sen

[səj˧˧ sɛn˧˧]

[səj˧˧ ʂɛŋ˧˧]

[səj˧˧ sɛŋ˧˧]

[səj˧˧ ʂɛŋ˧˧]

[səj˧˧ sɛŋ˧˧]

Seychelles (an archipelago and country in East Africa, in the Indian Ocean)


A-rập Thống nhất

[ʔaː˧˧ zəp̚˧˨ʔ tʰəwŋ͡m˧˦ ɲət̚˧˦]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʐəp̚˨˩ʔ tʰəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ ɲək̚˦˧˥]

[ʔaː˧˧ ɹəp̚˨˩˨ tʰəwŋ͡m˦˥ ɲək̚˦˥]


Dim-ba-bu-ê

[zim˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ ʔɓu˧˧ ʔe˧˧]

[zim˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ ʔɓʊw˧˧ ʔej˧˧]

[jim˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ ʔɓʊw˧˧ ʔej˧˧]

[zim˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ ʔɓʊw˧˧ ʔej˧˧]

[jim˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ ʔɓʊw˧˧ ʔej˧˧]

From Shona dzimba-dze-mabwe (“house of stones”), in reference to Great Zimbabwe.


Xô-ma-li

Somalia (a country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa)


Xu-đăng

[su˧˧ ʔɗaŋ˧˧]

[sʊw˧˧ ʔɗaŋ˧˧]

[sʊw˧˧ ʔɗaŋ˧˧]

Sudan (a country in North Africa and East Africa)


Phi-gi

[fɪj˧˧ jɪj˧˧]

[fɪj˧˧ jɪj˧˧]

Fiji (a country and archipelago of over 300 islands in Melanesia in Oceania)


Bê-nanh

[ʔɓe˧˧ najŋ̟˧˧]

[ʔɓej˧˧ nɛɲ˧˧]

Benin (a country in West Africa, formerly Dahomey)


U-gan-đa

[ʔu˧˧ ɣaːn˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

[ʔʊw˧˧ ɣaːŋ˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

[ʔʊw˧˧ ɣaːŋ˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

From Swahili Uganda (“Buganda, subnational kingdom”), from Luganda Buganda (“land of the Ganda”).


Bu-tan

[ʔɓu˧˧ taːn˧˧]

[ʔɓʊw˧˧ taːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓʊw˧˧ taːŋ˧˧]

Bhutan (a country in South Asia, in the Himalayas)


Ni-giê

Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)


Gioóc-đa-ni

[zɔk̚˧˦ ʔɗaː˧˧ ni˧˧]

[jɔk̚˦˧˥ ʔɗaː˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

[jɔk̚˦˥ ʔɗaː˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

Jordan (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Y-ê-men

[ʔi˧˧ ʔe˧˧ mɛn˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ʔej˧˧ mɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ʔej˧˧ mɛŋ˧˧]

Yemen (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


I-ran

[ʔi˧˧ ɹaːn˧˧]

[ʔi˧˧ zaːn˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ɹaːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ɹaːŋ˧˧]

Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Ôn-đu-rát

[ʔon˧˧ ʔɗu˧˧ ɹaːt̚˧˦]

[ʔon˧˧ ʔɗu˧˧ zaːt̚˧˦]

[ʔoŋ˧˧ ʔɗʊw˧˧ ɹaːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔoŋ˧˧ ʔɗʊw˧˧ ɹaːk̚˦˥]


Ô-man

[ʔo˧˧ maːn˧˧]

[ʔow˧˧ maːŋ˧˧]

[ʔow˧˧ maːŋ˧˧]

Oman (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Ba-ranh

[ʔɓaː˧˧ ɹajŋ̟˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ zajŋ̟˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ ɹɛɲ˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ ɹan˧˧]

A misrendering of French Bahreïn that assumes the "eïn" is pronounced the same as the more regular "ein" as /ɛ̃/, for example as in hein.


Bru-nây

[ʔɓɹu˧˧ nəj˧˧]

[ʔɓɹʊw˧˧ nəj˧˧]

[ʔɓɹʊw˧˧ nəj˧˧]


Man-đi-vơ

[maːn˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧ vəː˧˧]

[maːŋ˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧ vəː˧˧]

[maːŋ˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧ vəː˧˧]

[maːŋ˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧ jəː˧˧]

Maldives (an archipelago and country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India)


Đông Ti-mo

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ti˧˧ mɔ˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ tɪj˧˧ mɔ˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ tɪj˧˧ mɔ˧˧]

East Timor (a country in Southeast Asia occupying half the island of Timor)


I-xra-en

[ʔi˧˧ sɹaː˧˧ ʔɛn˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ sɹaː˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ sɹaː˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Châu Đại Dương

[t͡ɕəw˧˧ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[t͡ɕəw˧˧ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[cəw˧˧ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ jɨəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 洲 (“continent”) and 大洋 (“ocean”).


Anh Quốc

[ʔajŋ̟˧˧ kuək̚˧˦]

[ʔɛɲ˧˧ kuək̚˦˧˥]

[ʔan˧˧ wək̚˦˥]


清化

chữ Hán form of Thanh Hoá (“Thanh Hoá”).


Nam Xu-đăng

[naːm˧˧ su˧˧ ʔɗaŋ˧˧]

[naːm˧˧ sʊw˧˧ ʔɗaŋ˧˧]

[naːm˧˧ sʊw˧˧ ʔɗaŋ˧˧]

South Sudan (a country in East Africa, formerly the southern part of Sudan)


Ma-la-uy

[maː˧˧ laː˧˧ ʔwi˧˧]

[maː˧˧ laː˧˧ ʔwɪj˧˧]

[maː˧˧ laː˧˧ (ʔ)wɪj˧˧]


東吳

chữ Hán form of Đông Ngô (“Eastern Wu (229–280)”).


曹魏

chữ Hán form of Tào Ngụy (“Cao Wei (220–265)”).


孫吳

chữ Hán form of Tôn Ngô (“Eastern Wu (229–280)”).


蜀漢

chữ Hán form of Thục Hán (“Shu Han (221–263)”).


頤和園

chữ Hán form of Di Hoà viên (“the Summer Palace”).


Cộng hoà Trung Phi

[kəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ hwaː˨˩ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧ fi˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ hwaː˦˩ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ fɪj˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ waː˨˩ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ fɪj˧˧]

cộng hoà (“republic”) + Trung Phi (“Central Africa”).

compound

Central African Republic
Central African Republic#English:_Q929

Central African Republic (a country in Central Africa)


Xoa-di-len

[swaː˧˧ jɪj˧˧ lɛŋ˧˧]

[s⁽ʷ⁾aː˧˧ jɪj˧˧ lɛŋ˧˧]

(historical) Swaziland (The former name of Eswatini, a country in Southern Africa)


Cáp-Ve

[kaːp̚˧˦ vɛ˧˧]

[kaːp̚˦˧˥ vɛ˧˧]

[kaːp̚˦˥ vɛ˧˧]

[kaːp̚˦˥ jɛ˧˧]

Cape Verde (an archipelago and country in West Africa)


I-rắc

[ʔi˧˧ ɹak̚˧˦]

[ʔi˧˧ zak̚˧˦]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ɹak̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ɹak̚˦˥]

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Ba-ha-mát

[ʔɓaː˧˧ haː˧˧ maːt̚˧˦]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ haː˧˧ maːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ haː˧˧ maːk̚˦˥]

Bahamas (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean)


Hôn-đu-rát

[hon˧˧ ʔɗu˧˧ ɹaːt̚˧˦]

[hon˧˧ ʔɗu˧˧ zaːt̚˧˦]

[hoŋ˧˧ ʔɗʊw˧˧ ɹaːk̚˦˧˥]

[hoŋ˧˧ ʔɗʊw˧˧ ɹaːk̚˦˥]


Bác-ba-đốt

[ʔɓaːk̚˧˦ ʔɓaː˧˧ ʔɗot̚˧˦]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˧˥ ʔɓaː˧˧ ʔɗok̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˥ ʔɓaː˧˧ ʔɗok̚˦˥]

Barbados (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Cốt-xta Ri-ca

[kot̚˧˦ staː˧˧ ɹi˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[kok̚˦˧˥ staː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[kok̚˦˥ staː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧]

Costa Rica (a country in Central America)


Tri-ni-đát và Tô-ba-gô

[t͡ɕi˧˧ ni˧˧ ʔɗaːt̚˧˦ vaː˨˩ to˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ ɣo˧˧]

[ʈɪj˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔɗaːk̚˦˧˥ vaː˦˩ tow˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ ɣow˧˧]

[ʈɪj˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔɗaːk̚˦˥ vaː˨˩ tow˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ ɣow˧˧]

[ʈɪj˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔɗaːk̚˦˥ jaː˨˩ tow˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ ɣow˧˧]

Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago#English

Trinidad and Tobago (a country consisting of two main islands in the Caribbean)


Đô-mi-ni-ca

[ʔɗo˧˧ mi˧˧ ni˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[ʔɗow˧˧ mɪj˧˧ nɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[ʔɗow˧˧ mɪj˧˧ nɪj˧˧ kaː˧˧]

Dominica (an island and country in the Caribbean)