Nam Tống

[naːm˧˧ təwŋ͡m˧˦]

[naːm˧˧ təwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[naːm˧˧ təwŋ͡m˦˥]

– Nam Tống triều chính hủ bại, kỵ sĩ như thế mà bỏ không dùng để cho phải rơi rớt nơi thảo dã, sao mình không chọn tài mà dùng?

2005, chapter 2, in Cao Tự Thanh, transl., Anh hùng xạ điêu, Văn học, translation of 射雕英雄传 by Jīn Yōng (Kim Dung):

"The Southern Song court is depraved, to not make use of such a horseman and leave him to eke out a living in the countryside; why don't I make use of his talent?"

(history) the Southern Song dynasty, an imperial dynasty of China (1127–1279)


Xin-ga-po

[sin˧˧ ɣaː˧˧ pɔ˧˧]

[sin˧˧ ɣaː˧˧ pɔ˧˧]

[sɨn˧˧ ɣaː˧˧ pɔ˧˧]

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


Mặt Lăng

[mat̚˧˨ʔ laŋ˧˧]

[mak̚˨˩ʔ laŋ˧˧]

[mak̚˨˩˨ laŋ˧˧]

Có lời Tòa S.Off. đã thưa lại ngày 7 Maiô 1890 mà rằng: về sự tính tuổi cần cho được kết bạn, ví bằng có tính theo năm annam là năm mặt lăng, thì phải thêm một tháng […]

1915, Synodo Tunquinensé. Công đồng hội lần thứ nhất. Miền Bắc Kỳ (Đàng Ngoài trong nước Annam), năm 1900., II edition:

From the words of the S.Off., announced in May 7th, 1890: to determine someone's age to know if they have reached marriageable age, for example here in Annam, where people use the lunar calendar, you need to add one month [to the date of the Gregorian calendar] […]

(coastal Northern Vietnam, likely obsolete) Alternative form of Mặt Trăng (“the Moon”)

coastal Northern Vietnam; likely obsolete; coastal Northern Vietnam; likely obsolete


Chế

Sino-Vietnamese word from 制, from the Cham surname Cei (“uncle”).


Nông

Sino-Vietnamese word from 農, from the Tày/Nùng surname.


Trát Mộc Hợp

[t͡ɕaːt̚˧˦ məwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ həːp̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʈaːk̚˦˧˥ məwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ həːp̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʈaːk̚˦˥ məwk͡p̚˨˩˨ həːp̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 札, 木 and 合, from Mongolian Жамуха (Žamuxa)/ᠵᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠ (ǰamug-a).

– Cô đi bẩm mau cho đại hãn, nói Tang Côn và Trát Mộc Hợp bày quỷ kế, muốn lừa đại hãn tới để giết đấy.

2005, chapter 6, in Cao Tự Thanh, transl., Anh hùng xạ điêu, Văn học, translation of 射雕英雄传 by Jīn Yōng (Kim Dung):

"Quickly go and tell the khan that Senggüm and Jamukha are planning a ruse to trick him to come to them so that they can kill him."

Jamukha, gurkhan of part of the Mongols from 1201 until 1204


Thừa Thiên - Huế

Thừa Thiên Huế
Thừa Thiên Huế#Vietnamese


Toàn Chân

[twaːn˨˩ t͡ɕən˧˧]

[twaːŋ˦˩ t͡ɕəŋ˧˧]

[t⁽ʷ⁾aːŋ˨˩ cəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 全 (“all”) and 真 (“true”).

vi-etym-sino

Phái Toàn Chân của họ xưng hùng ở phương Bắc, xuống phương Nam lại muốn hoành hành bá đạo như thế cũng chưa biết chừng.

Their Quánzhēn sect consider themselves the masters of the North; when they come down South and want to call the shots and play king like that, I don't really know what to do.

the Quánzhēn School (a branch of Taoism)


Dzung

Pronunciation spelling
pronunciation spelling


福不重來，禍無單至

phúc bất trùng lai, họa vô đơn chí#Vietnamese

chữ Hán form of phúc bất trùng lai, họa vô đơn chí.


Triết Biệt

[t͡ɕiət̚˧˦ ʔɓiət̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʈiək̚˦˧˥ ʔɓiək̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʈiək̚˦˥ ʔɓiək̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 哲 and 别, from Mongolian Зэв (Zev)/ᠵᠠᠪ (ǰab).

Kỵ mã trinh sát của quân Mông Cổ túa ra bốn phía, mọi người thề là phải bắt sống được Triết Biệt dùng ngựa xé xác, loạn đao băm thây để trả thù cho Đại hãn.

2005, chapter 3, in Cao Tự Thanh, transl., Anh hùng xạ điêu, Văn học, translation of 射雕英雄传 by Jīn Yōng (Kim Dung):

The mounted scouts of the Mongol army sped every which way; they all swore to catch Jebe alive to draw and quarter him with their horses and chop his corpse to pieces in the chaotic-saber technique in revenge of the Great Khan.


Đà Lôi

[ʔɗaː˨˩ loj˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˦˩ loj˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˨˩ loj˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 拖雷, from Mongolian Тулуй (Tuluj)/ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠢ (tölüi).

Đà Lôi một mình đánh thắng đám trẻ con đang rất đắc ý,[…]

2005, chapter 5, in Cao Tự Thanh, transl., Anh hùng xạ điêu, Văn học, translation of 射雕英雄传 by Jīn Yōng (Kim Dung):

Tolui on his own had beaten all the children and was feeling very pleased with himself; […]

Tolui (a Mongol khan, the fourth son of Genghis Khan)


Móng Cái

[mawŋ͡m˦˧˥ kaːj˨˩˦]

[mɔŋ˦˧˥ kaːj˨˩˦]

From Cantonese 硭街 (“town of mườngs”) (SV: Mang Nhai).
During the Nguyễn Dynasty, this area was the Vạn Ninh (萬寧) Canton, the Bát Tràng (鉢塲) Canton and a part of the Hà Môn (河門) Canton.
The name Móng Cái began to appear in 1947 during the period of French Indochina.

bor

town of <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">mường</i>s

Móng Cái (a city in Quảng Ninh, Vietnam)


Hồng Lĩnh

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ lïŋ˦ˀ˥]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ lɨn˧˨]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ lɨn˨˩˦]

Superfically Sino-Vietnamese word from 鴻 (“proper noun”) and 嶺 (“mountain”).
The name of the mountain range is a tên chữ and a mix between a translation and a phonetic matching of the tên Nôm rú Hống (“Hống mountain”) and ngàn Hống.
The town name is taken from the name of mountain range.

vi-etym-sino

Hồng Lĩnh (a mountain range in Hà Tĩnh, Vietnam)


Quảng Nôm

[waːŋ˧˩˧ nom˧˧]

[waːŋ˨˩˦ nom˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 廣南, with the South Central form of the second character.

(Quảng Nam, Quảng Ngãi, partially also Đà Nẵng, humorous or endearing in other dialects) Quảng Nam (a province of Vietnam)


Ban Chấp hành Trung ương

[ʔɓaːn˧˧ t͡ɕəp̚˧˦ hajŋ̟˨˩ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓaːŋ˧˧ t͡ɕəp̚˦˧˥ hɛɲ˦˩ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓaːŋ˧˧ cəp̚˦˥ han˨˩ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɨəŋ˧˧]

ban chấp hành (“executive committee”) + trung ương (“central”).


Xích Lão Ôn

[sïk̟̚˧˦ laːw˦ˀ˥ ʔon˧˧]

[sɨt̚˦˧˥ laːw˧˨ ʔoŋ˧˧]

[sɨt̚˦˥ laːw˨˩˦ ʔoŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 赤, 老 and 溫, from Mongolian чулуун (čuluun)/ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ (čilaɣun, “rock”).

Có một thanh niên tên Xích Lão Ôn không sợ nguy hiểm, khẳng khái giữ y lại, đập vỡ cái gông của y vứt vào đống lửa đốt rụi, cho y lên một chiếc xe chở lông dê.

There was a youth by the name of Chilaun who was unafraid of danger and chivalrously stopped him, shattered his cangue, threw it into the fire to burn it, and let him onto a cart with goatskins.


Bác Nhĩ Truật

[ʔɓaːk̚˧˦ ɲi˦ˀ˥ t͡ɕwət̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˧˥ ɲɪj˧˨ ʈwək̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˥ ɲɪj˨˩˦ ʈ⁽ʷ⁾ək̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 博, 爾 and 朮, from Mongolian Боорчи (Boorči)/ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠷᠵᠢ (boɣorǰi).

Triết Biệt yết kiến tam vương tử xong lại tới bái tạ Bác Nhĩ Truật.

After Jebe's audience with the third prince, he went to Bo'orchu and bowed in gratitude.

Bo'orchu (friend and ally of Genghis Khan)


Tịnh độ tông

[tïŋ˧˨ʔ ʔɗo˧˨ʔ təwŋ͡m˧˧]

[tɨn˨˩ʔ ʔɗow˨˩ʔ təwŋ͡m˧˧]

[tɨn˨˩˨ ʔɗow˨˩˨ təwŋ͡m˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 淨土宗, composed of 淨土 (“pure land”) and 宗 (“school”).


Nãi Man

[naːj˧˨ maːŋ˧˧]

[naːj˨˩˦ maːŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 乃 and 蠻, from Mongolian Найман (Najman)/ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠨ (nayiman).

Lại đi thêm một ngày, còn cách chỗ Vương Hãn không xa, chợt hai tên quân tiền tiêu của Thiết Mộc Chân phi mau về, báo phía trước có bộ lạc Nãi Man chặn đường, khoảng ba vạn người.

One more day passed; they were not far from Wáng Khan anymore when suddenly two soldiers of Temüjin's vanguard army hurried back to report that the Naimans were blocking the road ahead with about thirty thousand people.

the Naimans (medieval tribe originating in the territory of modern Western Mongolia)


Thiết Mộc Chân

[tʰiət̚˧˦ məwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ t͡ɕən˧˧]

[tʰiək̚˦˧˥ məwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ t͡ɕəŋ˧˧]

[tʰiək̚˦˥ məwk͡p̚˨˩˨ cəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 鐵木真, from Mongolian Тэмүжин (Temüžin)/ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠵᠢᠨ (temüǰin).


Mặt trận Tổ quốc Việt Nam

[mat̚˧˨ʔ t͡ɕən˧˨ʔ to˧˩ kuək̚˧˦ viət̚˧˨ʔ naːm˧˧]

[mak̚˨˩ʔ ʈəŋ˨˩ʔ tow˧˨ kuək̚˦˧˥ viək̚˨˩ʔ naːm˧˧]

[mak̚˨˩˨ ʈəŋ˨˩˨ tow˨˩˦ wək̚˦˥ viək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧]

[mak̚˨˩˨ ʈəŋ˨˩˨ tow˨˩˦ wək̚˦˥ jiək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧]

mặt trận (“front”) + tổ quốc (“fatherland”) + Việt Nam (“Vietnam”).

com

Vietnamese Fatherland Front (ruling coalition and sole legal political coalition of Vietnam)


Viện kiểm sát nhân dân

[viən˧˨ʔ kiəm˧˩ saːt̚˧˦ ɲən˧˧ zən˧˧]

[viəŋ˨˩ʔ kiəm˧˨ ʂaːk̚˦˧˥ ɲəŋ˧˧ jəŋ˧˧]

[viəŋ˨˩ʔ kiəm˧˨ saːk̚˦˧˥ ɲəŋ˧˧ jəŋ˧˧]

[viəŋ˨˩˨ kim˨˩˦ ʂaːk̚˦˥ ɲəŋ˧˧ jəŋ˧˧]

[jiəŋ˨˩˨ kim˨˩˦ saːk̚˦˥ ɲəŋ˧˧ jəŋ˧˧]

viện kiểm sát (“procuracy”) + nhân dân (“people”).

People’s Procuracy (an institution with the power to prosecute and supervise judicial activities)


ĐCSVN

[ʔɗaːŋ˧˩ kəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ saːn˧˩ viət̚˧˨ʔ naːm˧˧]

[ʔɗaːŋ˧˨ kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ ʂaːŋ˧˨ viək̚˨˩ʔ naːm˧˧]

[ʔɗaːŋ˧˨ kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ saːŋ˧˨ viək̚˨˩ʔ naːm˧˧]

[ʔɗaːŋ˨˩˦ kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ ʂaːŋ˨˩˦ viək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧]

[ʔɗaːŋ˨˩˦ kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ saːŋ˨˩˦ jiək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧]

Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam
Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam#Vietnamese

Initialism of Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam (“Communist Party of Vietnam”).


sao Mai

[ʂaːw˧˧ maːj˧˧]

[ʂaːw˧˧ maːj˧˧]


Cát Hải

[kaːk̚˦˧˥ haːj˧˨]

[kaːk̚˦˥ haːj˨˩˦]

Blend of Cát Bà + hải. Cát Bà is the largest island of the district.
* According to folk etymology, Cát Bà is a "misread" of các bà (“ladies”). During the Trần Dynasty, the women here took care of the logistics for the men to fight during the war. This is very unlikely, since this place is in Northern Vietnam, where there the coda /t/-/k/ merger never happened, unlike placenames like Cát Lái (which is probably indeed các lái (“traders”)) in Southern Vietnam, where this merger did actually occur.
* Compared to the nearby island named Cát Ông (các ông (“men”)). Possibly modelled after the false "etymology" above.

Cát Hải (an island district in Hải Phòng, Vietnam), includes the Cát Bà archipelago and the Long Châu archipelago


Cồn Cỏ

[koŋ˦˩ kɔ˧˨]

[koŋ˨˩ kɔ˨˩˦]

Cồn Cỏ (an island district in Quảng Trị, Vietnam)


Cô Tô

Sino-Vietnamese word from 姑蘇.
In the past, this archipelago was called Chàng Sơn.

Cô Tô (an island district in Quảng Ninh, Vietnam)

An island of Vietnam located in the Gulf of Tonkin


Vân Đồn

[vən˧˧ ʔɗon˨˩]

[vəŋ˧˧ ʔɗoŋ˦˩]

[vəŋ˧˧ ʔɗoŋ˨˩]

[jəŋ˧˧ ʔɗoŋ˨˩]

Vân Đồn (an island district in Quảng Ninh, Vietnam), includes the Cái Bầu archipelago and the Vân Hải archipelago


Côn Đảo

[kon˧˧ ʔɗaːw˧˩]

[koŋ˧˧ ʔɗaːw˧˨]

[koŋ˧˧ ʔɗaːw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 崑島. From Malay pulau kundur possibly via French Poulo Condor.

Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu
Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu#English

Côn Đảo (an island district in Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu, Vietnam)


Kiên Hải

[kiəŋ˧˧ haːj˧˨]

[kiəŋ˧˧ haːj˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 堅海. Kiên Giang + hải.

Kiên Hải (an island district in Kiên Giang, Vietnam) includes the Nam Du archipelago, the Hòn Tre island and the Hòn Sơn island


Lý Sơn

[li˧˦ səːn˧˧]

[lɪj˨˩˦ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[lɪj˨˩˦ səːŋ˧˧]

[lɪj˦˥ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[lɪj˦˥ səːŋ˧˧]

Superficially Sino-Vietnamese word from 理 and 山.
The first element of the name is the phonetic rendering of the tên Nôm cù lao Ré using Chinese character. cù lao (“islet”) + ré (“a plant called ré (possibly Alpinia tonkinensis)”). Cù lao Ré is the largest of the three islands (the archipelago).

Lý Sơn (an island district in Quảng Ngãi, Vietnam)


Bạch Long Vĩ

English: Bach Long Vi, Bạch Long Vĩ

[ʔɓajk̟̚˧˨ʔ lawŋ͡m˧˧ vi˦ˀ˥]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩ʔ lawŋ͡m˧˧ vɪj˧˨]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩ʔ lɔŋ˧˧ vɪj˧˨]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩˨ lawŋ͡m˧˧ vɪj˨˩˦]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩˨ lawŋ͡m˧˧ jɪj˨˩˦]

Bạch Long Vĩ (an island district in Hải Phòng, Vietnam)


Béc-lin

[ʔɓɛk̚˧˦ lin˧˧]

[ʔɓɛk̚˦˧˥ lin˧˧]

[ʔɓɛk̚˦˥ lɨn˧˧]


Béc-lanh

[ʔɓɛk̚˧˦ lajŋ̟˧˧]

[ʔɓɛk̚˦˧˥ lɛɲ˧˧]

[ʔɓɛk̚˦˥ lan˧˧]


Bá Linh

[ʔɓaː˧˦ lïŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˨˩˦ lɨn˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˦˥ lɨn˧˧]

Cựu Tổng thống Đức Richard von Weizsäcker qua đời ở tuổi 94 tại Bá Linh.

2015 January 31, Lê Ngọc Châu, “Lá Thư từ Đức Quốc: Cựu Tổng Thống Đức, von Weizsaecker qua đời [Letter from Germany: Former German president von Weizsaecker has died]”, in Việt Báo Daily News, Garden Grove, California, retrieved 2023-01-14:

Former German president Richard von Weizsäcker died at the age of 94 in Berlin.

(dated or historical) Berlin (the capital city of Germany)


Quý Mão

[wɪj˦˥ maːw˨˩˦]

the 40th year of the sexagenary cycle; the year of the Cat


Pác Nặm

[paːk̚˦˧˥ nam˨˩ʔ]


Vĩnh Nguơn

[vïŋ˦ˀ˥ ŋwəːn˧˧]

[vɨn˧˨ ŋwəːŋ˧˧]

[vɨn˨˩˦ ŋwəːŋ˧˧]

[jɨn˨˩˦ ŋwəːŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 永元, with Southern reading of the second character. Doublet of Vĩnh Nguyên.


Vĩnh Ngươn

[vïŋ˦ˀ˥ ŋɨən˧˧]

[vɨn˧˨ ŋɨəŋ˧˧]

[vɨn˨˩˦ ŋɨəŋ˧˧]

[jɨn˨˩˦ ŋɨəŋ˧˧]


A-phú-hãn

[ʔaː˧˧ fu˧˦ haːn˦ˀ˥]

[ʔaː˧˧ fʊw˨˩˦ haːŋ˧˨]

[ʔaː˧˧ fʊw˦˥ haːŋ˨˩˦]


Các

Các Mác

A transliteration of the German male given name Karl


Phri-đrich

[fɹi˧˧ ʔɗɹïk̟̚˧˧]

[fɹɪj˧˧ ʔɗɹɨt̚˧˧]

[fɹɪj˧˧ ʔɗɹɨt̚˧˧]

Phri-đrich Ăng-ghen

A transliteration of the German male given name Friedrich


Thượng Tọa Bộ

Traditional tone placement spelling of Thượng Toạ Bộ.


Thượng tọa bộ

Traditional tone placement spelling of Thượng toạ bộ.


Kim Cương Thừa

Kim cương thừa
Kim cương thừa#Vietnamese

(Buddhism) Alternative form of Kim cương thừa


Thượng toạ bộ

[tʰɨəŋ˧˨ʔ twaː˧˨ʔ ʔɓo˧˨ʔ]

[tʰɨəŋ˨˩ʔ twaː˨˩ʔ ʔɓow˨˩ʔ]

[tʰɨəŋ˨˩˨ t⁽ʷ⁾aː˨˩˨ ʔɓow˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 上座部, composed of 上座 (“seat of honor”) and 部 (“part; division; section”).


Ma-ha-diễn-na

[maː˧˧ haː˧˧ ziən˦ˀ˥ naː˧˧]

[maː˧˧ haː˧˧ jiəŋ˧˨ naː˧˧]

[maː˧˧ haː˧˧ jiəŋ˨˩˦ naː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 摩訶衍那, from Chinese 摩訶衍那／摩诃衍那, from Sanskrit महायान (mahāyāna).

der

Chinese 摩訶衍那／摩诃衍那


Ma-ha-diễn

[maː˧˧ haː˧˧ ziən˦ˀ˥]

[maː˧˧ haː˧˧ jiəŋ˧˨]

[maː˧˧ haː˧˧ jiəŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 摩訶衍, from Chinese 摩訶衍／摩诃衍 (Móhēyǎn), from Sanskrit महायान (mahāyāna).


Đại thừa

[ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ tʰɨə˨˩]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ tʰɨə˦˩]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ tʰɨə˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 大乘, from Chinese 大乘 (Dàchéng), calque of Sanskrit महायान (mahāyāna).


Kim cương thừa

[kim˧˧ kɨəŋ˧˧ tʰɨə˨˩]

[kim˧˧ kɨəŋ˧˧ tʰɨə˦˩]

[kim˧˧ kɨəŋ˧˧ tʰɨə˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 金剛乘, from Chinese 金剛乘／金刚乘 (Jīngāngchéng), from Sanskrit वज्रयान (vajrayāna).


Phật Dược Sư

[fət̚˧˨ʔ zɨək̚˧˨ʔ sɨ˧˧]

[fək̚˨˩ʔ jɨək̚˨˩ʔ ʂɨ˧˧]

[fək̚˨˩ʔ jɨək̚˨˩ʔ sɨ˧˧]

[fək̚˨˩˨ jɨək̚˨˩˨ ʂɨ˧˧]

[fək̚˨˩˨ jɨək̚˨˩˨ sɨ˧˧]

Phật + dược sư, calque of Chinese 藥師佛／药师佛 (dược sư Phật).

cal

(Buddhism) Bhaisajyaguru (Buddha of healing and medicine in Mahāyāna Buddhism; the Medicine Buddha)


Tây Xa-ha-ra

[təj˧˧ saː˧˧ haː˧˧ ɹaː˧˧]

[təj˧˧ saː˧˧ haː˧˧ zaː˧˧]

[təj˧˧ saː˧˧ haː˧˧ ɹaː˧˧]

[təj˧˧ saː˧˧ haː˧˧ ɹaː˧˧]

Western Sahara
Western Sahara#English:_Q6250

Western Sahara (A territory and former Spanish colony in North Africa, now mostly occupied by Morocco, which claims ownership over the territory)

Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic#English:_Q40362

Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (A country in North Africa, a partially recognised state in Western Sahara)


Tứ thư Ngũ kinh

[tɨ˧˦ tʰɨ˧˧ ŋu˦ˀ˥ kïŋ˧˧]

[tɨ˨˩˦ tʰɨ˧˧ ŋʊw˧˨ kɨn˧˧]

[tɨ˦˥ tʰɨ˧˧ ŋʊw˨˩˦ kɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 四書五經, composed of 四書 (“Four Books”) and 五經 (“Five Classics”).

vi-etym-sino

(Confucianism) Four Books and Five Classics


Ngũ kinh

[ŋu˦ˀ˥ kïŋ˧˧]

[ŋʊw˧˨ kɨn˧˧]

[ŋʊw˨˩˦ kɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 五經, composed of 五 (“five”) and 經 (“classics”).

(Confucianism) the Five Classics (pre-Qin Chinese books that form part of the traditional Confucian canon)


lí học

[lɪj˨˩˦ hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 理學, composed of 理 (“reason, logic, truth, science”) and 學 (“school, theory, doctrine”).


Tứ thư

[tɨ˧˦ tʰɨ˧˧]

[tɨ˨˩˦ tʰɨ˧˧]

[tɨ˦˥ tʰɨ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 四書, composed of 四 (“four”) and 書 (“book”).

(Confucianism) the Four Books (Chinese classic texts illustrating the core value and belief systems in Confucianism)


經春秋

chữ Hán form of Kinh Xuân Thu (“Spring and Autumn Annals”).


經禮

chữ Hán form of Kinh Lễ (“Book of Rites”).


lục nghệ

[lʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ ŋe˧˨ʔ]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ ŋej˨˩ʔ]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨ ŋej˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-lục nghệ.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 六藝, composed of 六 (“six”) and 藝 (“ability, skill”).

the Six Arts which form the basis of education in ancient Chinese culture, namely rites (lễ), music (nhạc), archery (xạ), charioteering (ngự), calligraphy (thư) and mathematics (số)


tứ nghệ

[tɨ˧˦ ŋe˧˨ʔ]

[tɨ˨˩˦ ŋej˨˩ʔ]

[tɨ˦˥ ŋej˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-tứ nghệ.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 四藝, composed of 四 (“four”) and 藝 (“ability, skill”).

the Four arts which were the four main academic and artistic talents required of the aristocratic ancient Chinese scholar-gentleman, namely qin (the guqin, a stringed instrument, cầm), qi (the strategy game of Go, kì), shu (Chinese calligraphy, thư) (in the Vietnamese tradition, usually replaced by shi (poetry, thi)) and hua (Chinese painting, hoạ)


Kinh Xuân Thu

[kïŋ˧˧ swən˧˧ tʰu˧˧]

[kɨn˧˧ swəŋ˧˧ tʰʊw˧˧]

[kɨn˧˧ s⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˧˧ tʰʊw˧˧]

kinh (“classic”) + Xuân Thu (“spring and autumn”).

com

(literature) the Spring and Autumn Annals (the chronicle of the state of Lu)

Kinh Xuân Thu: the Spring and Autumn Annals


Kinh Thư

[kïŋ˧˧ tʰɨ˧˧]

[kɨn˧˧ tʰɨ˧˧]

[kɨn˧˧ tʰɨ˧˧]

kinh + Thư, calque of Chinese 書經／书经 (Thư kinh), following the head-initial structure of Vietnamese, instead of head-final in the original language.

(literature) the Classic of History (a collection of documents and speeches alleged to have been written by rulers and officials of the early Zhou Dynasty and before)


Việt Nam Cộng hoà

[viət̚˧˨ʔ naːm˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ hwaː˨˩]

[viək̚˨˩ʔ naːm˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ hwaː˦˩]

[viək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ waː˨˩]

[jiək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ waː˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 越南 (“Vietnam”) and 共和 (“republic”).

vi-etym-sino

Coordinate term: Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hoà

Republic of Vietnam
Republic of Vietnam#English


Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa

Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hoà
Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hoà#Vietnamese

Traditional tone placement spelling of Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hoà.


VNDCCH

Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Democratic Republic of Vietnam

Initialism of Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hoà (“Democratic Republic of Vietnam”).


Việt Nam Cộng hòa

Việt Nam Cộng hoà
Việt Nam Cộng hoà#Vietnamese

Traditional tone placement spelling of Việt Nam Cộng hoà.


Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hoà

[viət̚˧˨ʔ naːm˧˧ zən˧˧ t͡ɕu˧˩ kəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ hwaː˨˩]

[viək̚˨˩ʔ naːm˧˧ jəŋ˧˧ t͡ɕʊw˧˨ kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ hwaː˦˩]

[viək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧ jəŋ˧˧ cʊw˨˩˦ kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ waː˨˩]

[jiək̚˨˩˨ naːm˧˧ jəŋ˧˧ cʊw˨˩˦ kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ waː˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 越南 (“Vietnam”), 民主 (“democracy”) and 共和 (“republicanism”).

Coordinate term: Việt Nam Cộng hoà

Cách mạng tháng Tám thành công, ngày 2 tháng 9 năm 1945, Chủ tịch Hồ Chí Minh đọc Tuyên ngôn độc lập, khai sinh ra nước Việt Nam dân chủ cộng hòa, nay là Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam.

2013 December 11, “Hiến pháp nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam [Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam]”, in Cổng Thông tin điện tử Chính phủ [Vietnam Government Portal], page 1:

In the wake of the triumph of the August Revolution, on 2 September 1945, President Ho Chi Minh announced the Declaration of Independence, declaring the birth of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam which is now the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Democratic Republic of Vietnam#English

(historical) the Democratic Republic of Vietnam


Khách Gia

[kʰat̚˦˧˥ jaː˧˧]

[xat̚˦˧˥ jaː˧˧]

[kʰat̚˦˥ jaː˧˧]

Cách đây không lâu, một nhà bác học Trung Hoa, ông La Hương Lâm, có nghiên cứu một nhóm người thiểu số ở Quãng Tây mà Tàu gọi là Khách Gia và khám phá ra rằng Khách Gia đích thị là người Ba Thục di cư xuống nước Tây Âu, sau khi bị Tư Mã Thác diệt quốc.

1987, Bình Nguyên Lộc, Nguồn gốc Mã Lai của dân tộc Việt Nam [Malay origin of the peoples of Vietnam]:

Not long ago, a Chinese scholar, Lo Hsiang-lin (羅香林／罗香林), conducted a study on an ethnic minority group in Guangxi, whom Chinese called Hakka, and found that the Hakka were indeed the Bashu (巴蜀 (Bāshǔ)) people who had fled the destruction of their country by Sima Cuo (司馬錯) and migrated to Western Ou.


Đuống

(sông ~) A river in northern Vietnam, a distributary of the Red River and tributary of the Thái Bình River.


Tôn-xtôi

Lép Ni-cô-lai-ê-vích Tôn-xtôi

Толсто́й Толстой#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian surname Толсто́й (Tolstój), Tolstoy


Pa-xtơ

[paː˧˧ stəː˧˧]

[paː˧˧ stəː˧˧]

[paː˧˧ stəː˧˧]

Lu-i Pa-xtơ

A transliteration of the French surname Pasteur


Vla-đi-mia

[vlaː˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧ miə˧˧]

[vlaː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧ miə˧˧]

[vlaː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧ miə˧˧]

[jlaː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧ miə˧˧]

Vla-đi-mia Vla-đi-mia-rô-vích Pu-tin

Влади́мир Владимир#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian male given name Влади́мир (Vladímir), Vladimir


Men-đê-lê-ép

[mɛn˧˧ ʔɗe˧˧ le˧˧ ʔɛp̚˧˦]

[mɛŋ˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ lej˧˧ ʔɛp̚˦˧˥]

[mɛŋ˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ lej˧˧ ʔɛp̚˦˥]

Đi-mi-tri I-va-no-vích Men-đê-lê-ép

Менделе́ев Менделеев#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian surname Менделе́ев (Mendeléjev), Mendeleev


Thủ Dầu Một

[tʰu˧˩ zəw˨˩ mot̚˧˨ʔ]

[tʰʊw˧˨ jəw˦˩ mok̚˨˩ʔ]

[tʰʊw˨˩˦ jəw˨˩ mok̚˨˩˨]

A minority of researchers entertain the idea that at least some element of the name might derived from a Khmer word. However, others think that this is a Vietnamese phrase formed from two elements: Thủ (“to keep”), and Dầu Một, formed from a plant name (see dầu (“Dipterocarpus spp.”)) and the numeral "one".
According to folk etymology, because the military station guarding in Bình An district town was located on a hill with large Dipterocarpus trees (cây dầu), people once called it Thủ Dầu Miệt, in which Thủ (“to keep”), and miệt prefers to plantations (see miệt vườn).


承天

chữ Hán form of Thừa Thiên (“Thừa Thiên”).


Pu-tin

[pʊw˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

Vla-đi-mia Vla-đi-mia-rô-vích Pu-tin

Пу́тин Путин#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian surname Пу́тин (Pútin), Putin


Cờ Đỏ

[kəː˨˩ ʔɗɔ˧˩]

[kəː˦˩ ʔɗɔ˧˨]

[kəː˨˩ ʔɗɔ˨˩˦]


Cái Răng

[kaːj˨˩˦ ʐaŋ˧˧]

[kaːj˦˥ ɹaŋ˧˧]

According to folk etymology, the name originates from a story that in the early days of the Vietnamese settlement, there was a very large crocodile washed up here, its teeth stuck on this land.
In Tự vị tiếng nói miền Nam by Vương Hồng Sển, the name is said to be derived from Khmer ចង្ក្រាន (cɑɑcɑngkraan, “stove, furnace”) (whence also cà ràng). The Khmers in Xà Tôn (Tri Tôn) used to make and sell their own kind of furnaces. Over time, people started to pronounce kraan as Cái Răng.


Ôn Châu

[ʔon˧˧ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[ʔoŋ˧˧ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[ʔoŋ˧˧ cəw˧˧]

Wenzhou (a prefecture-level city in Zhejiang, in southeastern China)


Cộng hòa Dân chủ Đức

Cộng hoà Dân chủ Đức
Cộng hoà Dân chủ Đức#Vietnamese

Traditional tone placement spelling of Cộng hoà Dân chủ Đức (“German Democratic Republic”).


Đông Đức

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɗɨk̚˧˦]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɗɨk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɗɨk̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 東德, composed of 東 (“east”) and 德 (“Germany”).


Tây Đức

[təj˧˧ ʔɗɨk̚˧˦]

[təj˧˧ ʔɗɨk̚˦˧˥]

[təj˧˧ ʔɗɨk̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 西德, composed of 西 (“west”) and 德 (“Germany”).


Chiến tranh Lạnh thứ hai

[t͡ɕiən˧˦ t͡ɕajŋ̟˧˧ lajŋ̟˧˨ʔ tʰɨ˧˦ haːj˧˧]

[t͡ɕiəŋ˦˧˥ ʈɛɲ˧˧ lɛɲ˨˩ʔ tʰɨ˨˩˦ haːj˧˧]

[ciəŋ˦˥ ʈan˧˧ lan˨˩˨ tʰɨ˦˥ haːj˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Chiến tranh Lạnh thứ hai.wav

Chiến tranh Lạnh (“Cold War”) + thứ hai (“second”).


Đồng Xoài

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ swaːj˨˩]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ swaːj˦˩]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ s⁽ʷ⁾aːj˨˩]

Compare Đồng Nai and Đồng Tháp, although it is not clear if the element in each of three toponyms are related to each other or not. The second element, however, is almost certainly xoài (“mango”).


Đất Đỏ

[ʔɗət̚˧˦ ʔɗɔ˧˩]

[ʔɗək̚˦˧˥ ʔɗɔ˧˨]

[ʔɗək̚˦˥ ʔɗɔ˨˩˦]

a district in Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu province, Vietnam


Bát Xát

[ʔɓaːt̚˧˦ saːt̚˧˦]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˧˥ saːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˥ saːk̚˦˥]


Canh Tuất

[kajŋ̟˧˧ twət̚˧˦]

[kɛɲ˧˧ twək̚˦˧˥]

[kan˧˧ t⁽ʷ⁾ək̚˦˥]

the 47th year of the sexagenary cycle; the year of the Dog


Tây Phi

[təj˧˧ fɪj˧˧]

[təj˧˧ fɪj˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 西非, composed of 西 (“west”) and 非 (“Africa”).


Đông Phi

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ fi˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ fɪj˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ fɪj˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 東非, composed of 東 (“east”) and 非 (“Africa”).


Thốt Nốt

[tʰok̚˦˧˥ nok̚˦˧˥]


Hồng bảo thư

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓaːw˧˩ tʰɨ˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɓaːw˧˨ tʰɨ˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓaːw˨˩˦ tʰɨ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 紅寶書, composed of 紅 (“red”), 寶 (“precious”) and 書 (“book”).

(communism) Little Red Book (a book of statements from speeches and writings by Mao Zedong)


bán đảo Đông Dương

head

bán đảo Đông Dương • (半島東洋)

vi-proper noun

bán đảo Đông Dương • (半島東洋)

[ʔɓaːn˧˦ ʔɗaːw˧˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓaːŋ˦˧˥ ʔɗaːw˧˨ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓaːŋ˦˥ ʔɗaːw˨˩˦ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

bán đảo (“peninsula”) + Đông Dương (“Indochina”).

com

mainland Southeast Asia; Indochina; Indochinese Peninsula


Tam Hoàng Ngũ Đế

[taːm˧˧ hwaːŋ˨˩ ŋu˦ˀ˥ ʔɗe˧˦]

[taːm˧˧ hwaːŋ˦˩ ŋʊw˧˨ ʔɗej˨˩˦]

[taːm˧˧ waːŋ˨˩ ŋʊw˨˩˦ ʔɗej˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 三皇五帝, composed of 三皇 (“Three Sovereigns”) and 五帝 (“Five Emperors”).

vi-etym-sino

(Chinese mythology) the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors


Ngũ Đế

[ŋu˦ˀ˥ ʔɗe˧˦]

[ŋʊw˧˨ ʔɗej˨˩˦]

[ŋʊw˨˩˦ ʔɗej˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 五帝, composed of 五 and 帝.


Tam Hoàng

[taːm˧˧ waːŋ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 三皇, composed of 三 and 皇.

(Chinese mythology) the Three Sovereigns


Nam Hán

[naːm˧˧ haːŋ˦˧˥]

[naːm˧˧ haːŋ˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 南漢, composed of 南 and 漢.


A-đôn-phơ

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗon˧˧ fəː˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗoŋ˧˧ fəː˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗoŋ˧˧ fəː˧˧]

Borrowed from French Adolphe, from German Adolf.

A-đôn-phơ Hít-le

A transliteration of the German male given name Adolf


Hít-le

[hit̚˧˦ lɛ˧˧]

[hit̚˦˧˥ lɛ˧˧]

[hɨt̚˦˥ lɛ˧˧]

German Hitler, pronounced as if it were French, although with an actual h.

A-đôn-phơ Hít-le

A transliteration of the German surname Hitler


An-be

[ʔaːn˧˧ ʔɓɛ˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ ʔɓɛ˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ ʔɓɛ˧˧]

Borrowed from French Albert, from German Albert.

An-be Anh-xtanh

A transliteration of the German male given name Albert


Nam Sách

[naːm˧˧ ʂat̚˦˧˥]

[naːm˧˧ ʂat̚˦˥]

Nam Sách (a rural district of Hải Dương, Vietnam)

Nam Sách (a township and capital of Nam Sách district, Hải Dương, Vietnam)


Hi Lạp cổ đại

[hi˧˧ laːp̚˧˨ʔ ko˧˩ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ]

[hɪj˧˧ laːp̚˨˩ʔ kow˧˨ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ]

[hɪj˧˧ laːp̚˨˩˨ kow˨˩˦ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨]


Quỹ Tiền tệ Quốc tế

[kwi˦ˀ˥ tiən˨˩ te˧˨ʔ kuək̚˧˦ te˧˦]

[kwɪj˧˨ tiəŋ˦˩ tej˨˩ʔ kuək̚˦˧˥ tej˨˩˦]

[wɪj˨˩˦ tiəŋ˨˩ tej˨˩˨ wək̚˦˥ tej˦˥]

quỹ (“fund”) + tiền tệ (“currency”) + quốc tế (“international”).

com

International Monetary Fund
International Monetary Fund


Nam Xương

[naːm˧˧ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[naːm˧˧ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[naːm˧˧ sɨəŋ˧˧]

Nanchang (the capital city of Jiangxi, China)


Cửa Lò

[kɨə˧˩ lɔ˨˩]

[kɨə˧˨ lɔ˦˩]

[kɨə˨˩˦ lɔ˨˩]

cửa (“estuary”) + Lò (“old name of Hoàng La, an ancient village of Diễn Châu”).


SYT

[səː˧˩ ʔi˧˧ te˧˦]

[ʂəː˧˨ ʔɪj˧˧ tej˨˩˦]

[səː˧˨ ʔɪj˧˧ tej˨˩˦]

[ʂəː˨˩˦ ʔɪj˧˧ tej˦˥]

[səː˨˩˦ ʔɪj˧˧ tej˦˥]

Initialism of Sở Y tế (“Health Department”).


Biển Trắng

[ʔɓiən˧˩ t͡ɕaŋ˧˦]

[ʔɓiəŋ˧˨ ʈaŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɓiəŋ˨˩˦ ʈaŋ˦˥]


vịnh Thái Lan

[vïŋ˧˨ʔ tʰaːj˧˦ laːn˧˧]

[vɨn˨˩ʔ tʰaːj˨˩˦ laːŋ˧˧]

[vɨn˨˩˨ tʰaːj˦˥ laːŋ˧˧]

[jɨn˨˩˨ tʰaːj˦˥ laːŋ˧˧]


Biển Đỏ

[ʔɓiən˧˩ ʔɗɔ˧˩]

[ʔɓiəŋ˧˨ ʔɗɔ˧˨]

[ʔɓiəŋ˨˩˦ ʔɗɔ˨˩˦]


Mục-kiền-liên

[mʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ kiən˨˩ liən˧˧]

[mʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ kiəŋ˦˩ liəŋ˧˧]

[mʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨ kiəŋ˨˩ liəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 目犍連, itself a transliteration of Sanskrit मौद्गल्यायन (maudgalyāyana).

translit

(Buddhism) Maudgalyayana, one of the Ten Principal Disciples of Gautama Buddha.


Hoà Hảo

[waː˨˩ haːw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 和好, composed of 和 and 好.

vi-etym-sino

Hòa Hảo (Buddhist new religious movement in Vietnam)


nha lộ vận

[ɲaː˧˧ lo˧˨ʔ vən˧˨ʔ]

[ɲaː˧˧ low˨˩ʔ vəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[ɲaː˧˧ low˨˩˨ vəŋ˨˩˨]

[ɲaː˧˧ low˨˩˨ jəŋ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 衙 (“public office”), 路 (“road”) and 運 (“to carry, move”)

(diaspora?) the Department of Motor Vehicles, esp. in the USA; the DMV


Hoả Diệm Sơn

[hwaː˧˩ ziəm˧˨ʔ səːn˧˧]

[hwaː˧˨ jiəm˨˩ʔ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[hwaː˧˨ jiəm˨˩ʔ səːŋ˧˧]

[waː˨˩˦ jim˨˩˨ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[waː˨˩˦ jim˨˩˨ səːŋ˧˧]

Flaming Mountains (a red sandstone ridge located in the Tian Shan of Xinjiang)


Hỏa Diệm Sơn

Traditional tone placement spelling of Hoả Diệm Sơn.


Suối Hoa

[ʂuj˨˩˦ hwaː˧˧]

[ʂuj˦˥ waː˧˧]


Mường Thanh

[mɨəŋ˨˩ tʰajŋ̟˧˧]

[mɨəŋ˦˩ tʰɛɲ˧˧]

[mɨəŋ˨˩ tʰan˧˧]


Tề Thiên đại thánh

[te˨˩ tʰiən˧˧ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ tʰajŋ̟˧˦]

[tej˦˩ tʰiəŋ˧˧ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ tʰɛɲ˦˧˥]

[tej˨˩ tʰiəŋ˧˧ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ tʰan˦˥]

16th century, Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, ch. 4; 2012 English translation by Anthony C. Yu; 1982-1988 Vietnamese translation by Như Sơn, Mai Xuân Hải, & Phương Oanh
“Make me a banner immediately,” he ordered the four mighty commanders, “and inscribe on it in large letters, ‘The Great Sage, Equal to Heaven.’ Erect a pole to hang it on. From now on, address me only as the Great Sage, Equal to Heaven, and the title Great King will no longer be permitted. The Monster Kings of the various caves will also be informed so that it will be known to all.”
Liền sai bốn kiện tướng: “– Làm cho ta một lá cờ thêu bốn chữ lớn ‘Tề Thiên đại thánh’ dựng cột treo ngay lên. Từ nay trở đi, chỉ được gọi ta là ‘Tề Thiên đại thánh’, không được gọi là đại vương nữa. Và truyền ngay cho yêu vương các động đều được biết.”

Journey to the West
w:Journey to the West

(Chinese literature) literally, “The Great Sage Equaling Heaven”, an epithet for Sun Wukong, the main character in the classic novel Journey to the West.


Tề Thiên Đại Thánh

[te˨˩ tʰiən˧˧ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ tʰajŋ̟˧˦]

[tej˦˩ tʰiəŋ˧˧ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ tʰɛɲ˦˧˥]

[tej˨˩ tʰiəŋ˧˧ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ tʰan˦˥]

16th century, Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, ch. 4; 20th century, free Vietnamese translation by Phan Kế Bính
Liền cho Tứ Kiện tướng dựng giữa sân một cây cờ cao, đề bốn chữ lớn Tề Thiên Ðại Thánh và truyền bảy mươi hai động phải kêu Ngộ Không bằng cái chức tước đó.

He then orders his four mighty generals to erect in the yard a tall pole with a flag inscribed with four large characters “The Great Sage Equaling Heaven” and commands the seventy-two caverns[' monster kings] to address Wukong only by that title.


樞槎

(Christianity) Nôm form of Giuse (“Joseph”).


Trung Mĩ

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧ mi˦ˀ˥]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ mɪj˧˨]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ mɪj˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 中美, composed of 中 and 美.


Da Đỏ

[zaː˧˧ ʔɗɔ˧˩]

[jaː˧˧ ʔɗɔ˧˨]

[jaː˧˧ ʔɗɔ˨˩˦]

(possibly outdated) the natives of North America; Native Americans


主𠀧嵬

(Christianity) Nôm form of Chúa Ba Ngôi (“The Trinity”).


Lê-nin

Vla-đi-mia I-lích Lê-nin

Ле́нин Ленин#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian surname Ле́нин (Lénin), Lenin


Ngân hàng Thế giới

[ŋən˧˧ haːŋ˨˩ tʰe˧˦ zəːj˧˦]

[ŋəŋ˧˧ haːŋ˦˩ tʰej˨˩˦ jəːj˨˩˦]

[ŋəŋ˧˧ haːŋ˨˩ tʰej˦˥ jəːj˦˥]

ngân hàng (“bank”) + thế giới (“world”).


Tổ chức Thương mại Thế giới

[to˧˩ t͡ɕɨk̚˧˦ tʰɨəŋ˧˧ maːj˧˨ʔ tʰe˧˦ zəːj˧˦]

[tow˧˨ t͡ɕɨk̚˦˧˥ tʰɨəŋ˧˧ maːj˨˩ʔ tʰej˨˩˦ jəːj˨˩˦]

[tow˨˩˦ cɨk̚˦˥ tʰɨəŋ˧˧ maːj˨˩˨ tʰej˦˥ jəːj˦˥]

tổ chức (“organization”) + thương mại (“trade”) + thế giới (“world”).

com

World Trade Organization
World Trade Organization


Hồng Mao

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ maːw˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ maːw˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ maːw˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 紅毛, composed of 紅 (“red”) and 毛 (“hair”).

vi-etym-sino

Thưa ông, tôi là thông ngôn vua mà cắt nghiã tiếng Hồng mao, tiếng Pha lang sa, tiếng Bút tu ghe, và tiếng Latinh.

1838, Jean-Louis Taberd, Dictionarium latino-anamiticum:

I am interpreter to the king in the English, French, Portuguese and Latin languages.

Xem như cách trong mười năm nay, nước Nam-phi-châu (le Transwaal), cự lại với nước Hồng-mao (l'Angleterre), đến hai năm giời nước Hồng-mao cũng đã tốn đến hơn 300 triệu, thế mà cứ đánh mãi mà không chịu thôi, về sau nước Nam-phi-châu cũng là phải chịu sự bảo-hộ.

1910, Hoàng Cao Khải, “Tiết thứ ba”, in Gương sử Nam:

Like ten years ago, South Africa[n Repulic] (le Transwaal) waged war with England (l'Angleterre), and within two years England had lost 300 million [pounds], yet they continued to fight on, eventually South Africa had to become a protectorate.


Dương Kinh

[zɨəŋ˧˧ kïŋ˧˧]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ kɨn˧˧]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ kɨn˧˧]

Dương Kinh (an urban district of Haiphong, Vietnam)


Lê Chân

[le˧˧ t͡ɕən˧˧]

[lej˧˧ t͡ɕəŋ˧˧]

[lej˧˧ cəŋ˧˧]

Lê Chân (an urban district of Haiphong, Vietnam)


陽京

chữ Hán form of Dương Kinh (“Dương Kinh”).


青光

chữ Hán form of Thanh Quang (“Thanh Quang”).


Thanh Quang

[tʰajŋ̟˧˧ kwaːŋ˧˧]

[tʰɛɲ˧˧ kwaːŋ˧˧]

[tʰan˧˧ waːŋ˧˧]

Thanh Quang (a commune of Nam Sách, Hải Dương, Vietnam)

Thanh Quang (a commune of Thanh Hà, Hải Dương, Vietnam)


塗山

Đồ Sơn
Đồ Sơn


Hải An

[haːj˧˩ ʔaːn˧˧]

[haːj˧˨ ʔaːŋ˧˧]

[haːj˨˩˦ ʔaːŋ˧˧]

Hải An (an urban district of Haiphong, Vietnam)


Cát Dài

[kaːk̚˦˧˥ jaːj˦˩]

cát (“sand”) + dài (“long”).
Named after the main street in the area, now formally called Hai Bà Trưng street, which used to be a sandy route.

Cát Dài (a ward of Lê Chân district, Haiphong, Vietnam)


Đồ Sơn

[ʔɗo˨˩ səːn˧˧]

[ʔɗow˦˩ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗow˦˩ səːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗow˨˩ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗow˨˩ səːŋ˧˧]

Đồ Sơn (an urban district of Haiphong, Vietnam)

Đồ Sơn (a district-level town of Haiphong, Vietnam).

Đồ Sơn (a peninsula in Haiphong, Vietnam).


Kiến An

[kiən˧˦ ʔaːn˧˧]

[kiəŋ˦˧˥ ʔaːŋ˧˧]

[kiəŋ˦˥ ʔaːŋ˧˧]

vi:Kiến An
vi:Kiến An (xã)
vi:Kiến An, Hứa Xương

Kiến An (an urban district of Haiphong, Vietnam)

Kiến An (a rural commune of Chợ Mới district, An Giang, Vietnam)

(historical) Kiến An (a former province in Northern Vietnam, which is nowadays a part of Haiphong)

Jian'an (a district of Xuchang, Henan, China)

Chinese era name from the reign of Emperor Xian of Han, 196–220

Chinese era name from the reign of Emperor Baoding of Dali, 1083–1091


nhà Nguyễn

[ɲaː˨˩ ŋwiən˦ˀ˥]

[ɲaː˦˩ ŋwiəŋ˧˨]

[ɲaː˨˩ ŋwiəŋ˨˩˦]

(historical) the Nguyễn dynasty (1802–1945 C.E.)

An Dương Vương
Early Lê dynasty
Early Lý dynasty
Hồ dynasty
Hồng Bàng dynasty
Later Trần dynasty
Lê dynasty
Lý dynasty
Mạc dynasty
Nguyễn dynasty
Ngô dynasty
Revival Lê dynasty
Triệu dynasty
Trần dynasty
Tây Sơn dynasty
Đinh dynasty


Nguyễn triều

[ŋwiən˦ˀ˥ t͡ɕiəw˨˩]

[ŋwiəŋ˧˨ ʈiw˦˩]

[ŋwiəŋ˨˩˦ ʈiw˨˩]


Bách Độ

[ʔɓajk̟̚˧˦ ʔɗo˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓat̚˦˧˥ ʔɗow˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓat̚˦˥ ʔɗow˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 百度, composed of 百 and 度.

13 January 2010, PV, “Trung Quốc kêu gọi cư dân mạng không tấn công các trang web nước ngoài (China Exhorts Net Denizens Not to Attack Foreign Webpages)”, Báo Điện Tử Đài Tiếng Nói Việt Nam (Voice of Vietnam Online Newspaper)

As the situation thus develops, the Baidu company has exhorted Chinese net denizens to keep their cool and not attack foreign websites in retaliation.

Trước diễn biến này, Công ty Bách Độ đã kêu gọi cư dân mạng Trung Quốc giữ bình tĩnh, không nên tấn công trả đũa các trang web nước ngoài.

(trademark) Baidu (a Chinese multinational technology company specializing in Internet-related services and products)

Sáng qua (12/1), trang web công cụ tìm kiếm hàng đầu của Trung Quốc là trang Bách Độ bị hacker tấn công. Theo đó, khi truy cập vào trang web Bách Độ (địa chỉ www.baidu.com), giao diện của trang web này không hiện ra như bình thường, thay vào đó là hình quốc kỳ Iran trên đó có dòng chữ “Trang web này đã bị quân đoàn vi tính Iran tấn công”.
Yesterday morning (12 January), China's leading search engine – Baidu – was attacked by hackers. According to that (report), when the web page Baidu (whose address is www.baidu.com) was accessed, its interface was not properly displayed; instead, there appeared the national flag of Iran, on which was scribbled the sentence “This webpage has been attacked by the Iranian Cyber Army”.

(Internet) Baidu (a search engine that popularized the company of the same name)


A-lát-xca

[ʔaː˧˧ laːt̚˧˦ skaː˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ laːk̚˦˧˥ skaː˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ laːk̚˦˥ skaː˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-A-lát-xca.wav

Tiểu bang: A-la-ba-ma · A-lát-xca · A-ri-xô-na · A-can-xò · Ca-li-phoóc-ni-a · Cô-lô-ra-đô · Con-nếch-ti-cớt · Đe-la-oe · Phlo-ri-đa · Gióoc-gia · Ha-oai · Ai-đa-hô · I-li-noi · In-đi-a-na · Ai-ô-oa · Can-xát · Ken-tắc-ky · Lu-i-di-a-na · Mên · Me-ri-len · Me-xơ-chu-xít · Mi-si-gân · Min-nê-xô-ta · Mít-xi-xi-pi · Mít-xu-ri · Môn-ta-na · Nê-brát-xca · Nê-va-đa · Niu Hem-sơ · Niu Giơ-xi · Niu Mê-hi-cô · Niu Oóc · Bắc Ca-rô-li-na · Bắc Đa-cô-ta · Ô-hai-ô · Ốc-la-hô-ma · Ô-rê-gân · Pen-xin-va-ni-a · Rốt Ai-len · Nam Ca-rô-li-na · Nam Đa-cô-ta · Ten-nét-xi · Tếch-dớt · U-ta · Vơ-môn · Vơ-gi-ni-a · Oa-sinh-tơn · Tây Vơ-gi-ni-a · Uýt-côn-xin · Oai-ô-minh

Lãnh thổ: Xa-moa thuộc Mĩ · Gu-am · quần đảo Bắc Ma-ri-a-na · Pu-éc-tô Ri-cô · Các tiểu đảo xa của Hoa Kì · quần đảo Vơ-gin thuộc Mĩ


A-can-xò

[ʔaː˧˧ kaːn˧˧ sɔ˨˩]

[ʔaː˧˧ kaːŋ˧˧ sɔ˦˩]

[ʔaː˧˧ kaːŋ˧˧ sɔ˨˩]


A-ri-xô-na

[ʔaː˧˧ ɹi˧˧ so˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ zi˧˧ so˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ sow˧˧ naː˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ sow˧˧ naː˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-A-ri-xô-na.wav


北大洋

chữ Hán form of Bắc Đại Dương (“Arctic Ocean”).


Bắc Đại Dương

[ʔɓak̚˧˦ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓak̚˦˥ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ jɨəŋ˧˧]


Hoa Vi

[waː˧˧ vɪj˧˧]

[waː˧˧ jɪj˧˧]

(trademark) Huawei (a Chinese company producing smartphones and other telecommunication equipment)


Tiểu Mễ

Sino-Vietnamese word from 小米, composed of 小 and 米.

(trademark) Xiaomi (a Chinese multinational company which makes smartphones, laptops and headphones, among other consumer electronics)


三千字

chữ Hán form of Tam thiên tự (“three thousand characters”).


字學纂要

Tự học toản yếu
Tự học toản yếu#Vietnamese

chữ Hán form of Tự học toản yếu (“compilation of essentials for learning characters”).


兵法孫子

Binh pháp Tôn Tử
Binh pháp Tôn Tử#Vietnamese

chữ Hán form of Binh pháp Tôn Tử (“The Art of War”).


Bách gia tính

[ʔɓajk̟̚˧˦ zaː˧˧ tïŋ˧˦]

[ʔɓat̚˦˧˥ jaː˧˧ tɨn˦˧˥]

[ʔɓat̚˦˥ jaː˧˧ tɨn˦˥]

(literature) the Baijiaxing (Hundred Family Surnames), a classic Chinese text composed of surnames


Thiên tự văn

[tʰiən˧˧ tɨ˧˨ʔ van˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ tɨ˨˩ʔ vaŋ˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ tɨ˨˩˨ vaŋ˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ tɨ˨˩˨ jaŋ˧˧]

(literature) the Thousand Character Classic (a poem used as a primer for teaching Chinese characters to children from the sixth century onward)


Tam thiên tự

[taːm˧˧ tʰiən˧˧ tɨ˧˨ʔ]

[taːm˧˧ tʰiəŋ˧˧ tɨ˨˩ʔ]

[taːm˧˧ tʰiəŋ˧˧ tɨ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 三千字 (“three thousand characters”).

Chinese character
Chinese character#English

(literature) the Tam thiên tự (a Vietnamese text that was used in the past to teach young children Chinese characters (chữ Hán) and chữ Nôm)


Tam tự kinh

[taːm˧˧ tɨ˧˨ʔ kïŋ˧˧]

[taːm˧˧ tɨ˨˩ʔ kɨn˧˧]

[taːm˧˧ tɨ˨˩˨ kɨn˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Tam tự kinh.wav

(literature) the Three Character Classic (a classic Chinese text)


Nhĩ Nhã

[ɲi˦ˀ˥ ɲaː˦ˀ˥]

[ɲɪj˧˨ ɲaː˧˨]

[ɲɪj˨˩˦ ɲaː˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 爾雅, composed of 爾 and 雅.

(literature) the Erya (the oldest surviving Chinese dictionary or Chinese encyclopedia known)


Tự học toản yếu

[tɨ˧˨ʔ hawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ twaːn˧˩ ʔiəw˧˦]

[tɨ˨˩ʔ hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ twaːŋ˧˨ ʔiw˨˩˦]

[tɨ˨˩˨ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨ t⁽ʷ⁾aːŋ˨˩˦ ʔiw˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 字學纂要 (“compilation of essentials for learning characters”).

(literature) the original title of the Tam thiên tự (a Vietnamese text that was used in the past to teach young children Chinese characters (chữ Hán) and chữ Nôm)


Thuyết văn giải tự

[tʰwiət̚˧˦ van˧˧ zaːj˧˩ tɨ˧˨ʔ]

[tʰwiək̚˦˧˥ vaŋ˧˧ jaːj˧˨ tɨ˨˩ʔ]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾iək̚˦˥ vaŋ˧˧ jaːj˨˩˦ tɨ˨˩˨]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾iək̚˦˥ jaŋ˧˧ jaːj˨˩˦ tɨ˨˩˨]

(literature) the Shuowen Jiezi (an early 2nd-century Chinese dictionary from the Han dynasty)


Khang Hi

[xaːŋ˧˧ hi˧˧]

[kʰaːŋ˧˧ hɪj˧˧]

[xaːŋ˧˧ hɪj˧˧]

[kʰaːŋ˧˧ hɪj˧˧]

[xaːŋ˧˧ hɪj˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 康熙, composed of 康 and 熙.

Kangxi (the third emperor of the Qing dynasty)


Khang Hi tự điển

[xaːŋ˧˧ hi˧˧ tɨ˧˨ʔ ʔɗiən˧˩]

[kʰaːŋ˧˧ hɪj˧˧ tɨ˨˩ʔ ʔɗiəŋ˧˨]

[xaːŋ˧˧ hɪj˧˧ tɨ˨˩ʔ ʔɗiəŋ˧˨]

[kʰaːŋ˧˧ hɪj˧˧ tɨ˨˩˨ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˦]

[xaːŋ˧˧ hɪj˧˧ tɨ˨˩˨ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 康熙字典, composed of 康熙 and 字典.

(literature) the Kangxi Dictionary (dictionary and cross reference of Chinese characters, first published in 1716 at the behest of the Kangxi emperor, and used to the present day)


Binh pháp Tôn Tử

[ʔɓïŋ˧˧ faːp̚˧˦ ton˧˧ tɨ˧˩]

[ʔɓɨn˧˧ faːp̚˦˧˥ toŋ˧˧ tɨ˧˨]

[ʔɓɨn˧˧ faːp̚˦˥ toŋ˧˧ tɨ˨˩˦]

Calque of Chinese 孫子兵法／孙子兵法 (Tôn tử Binh pháp), with Vietnamese head-initial structure instead of Chinese head-final.

cal

(literature) the The Art of War (an ancient Chinese military treatise)


Thủy hử truyện

Thuỷ hử truyện
Thuỷ hử truyện#Vietnamese

Traditional tone placement spelling of Thuỷ hử truyện.


Kim Bình Mai

[kim˧˧ ʔɓïŋ˨˩ maːj˧˧]

[kim˧˧ ʔɓɨn˦˩ maːj˧˧]

[kim˧˧ ʔɓɨn˨˩ maːj˧˧]

(literature) The Plum in the Golden Vase, a Ming dynasty novel


Thuỷ hử truyện

[tʰwi˧˩ hɨ˧˩ t͡ɕwiən˧˨ʔ]

[tʰwɪj˧˨ hɨ˧˨ ʈwiəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ hɨ˨˩˦ ʈ⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 水滸傳 (“Water Margin”).

vi-etym-sino

(literature) Water Margin, one of China's Four Great Classical Novels


Tứ đại danh tác

[tɨ˧˦ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ zajŋ̟˧˧ taːk̚˧˦]

[tɨ˨˩˦ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ jɛɲ˧˧ taːk̚˦˧˥]

[tɨ˦˥ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ jan˧˧ taːk̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 四大名著, composed of 四, 大 and 名著.

(literature) the Four Classic Novels of Chinese literature: the Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong, the Water Margin by Shi Nai'an, the Journey to the West by Wu Cheng'en, and the Dream of the Red Chamber by Cao Xueqin


Hồng lâu mộng

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ ləw˧˧ məwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ ləw˧˧ məwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ ləw˧˧ məwŋ͡m˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 紅樓夢, composed of 紅樓 and 夢.

(literature) Dream of the Red Chamber, one of China's Four Great Classical Novels


Nho lâm ngoại sử

[ɲɔ˧˧ ləm˧˧ ŋwaːj˧˨ʔ sɨ˧˩]

[ɲɔ˧˧ ləm˧˧ ŋwaːj˨˩ʔ ʂɨ˧˨]

[ɲɔ˧˧ ləm˧˧ ŋwaːj˨˩ʔ sɨ˧˨]

[ɲɔ˧˧ ləm˧˧ ŋwaːj˨˩˨ ʂɨ˨˩˦]

[ɲɔ˧˧ ləm˧˧ ŋwaːj˨˩˨ sɨ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 儒林外史, composed of 儒林 and 外史.

(literature) The Scholars; Unofficial History of the Scholars (Qing-dynasty novel)


前黎

chữ Hán form of Tiền Lê (“Early Lê dynasty”).


前李

chữ Hán form of Tiền Lí (“Early Lý dynasty”).


後陳

chữ Hán form of Hậu Trần (“Later Trần dynasty”).


後黎

chữ Hán form of Hậu Lê (“Later Lê dynasty”).


黎初

chữ Hán form of Lê sơ (“Primitive Lê dynasty”).


黎中興

chữ Hán form of Lê trung hưng (“Revival Lê dynasty”).


nhà Thục

[ɲaː˨˩ tʰʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ɲaː˦˩ tʰʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ɲaː˨˩ tʰʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]

(historical) the Thục dynasty (257–207 BCE)


nhà Triệu

[ɲaː˨˩ t͡ɕiəw˧˨ʔ]

[ɲaː˦˩ ʈiw˨˩ʔ]

[ɲaː˨˩ ʈiw˨˩˨]

(historical) the Triệu dynasty (204–111 BCE)


nhà Hồ

head

nhà Hồ • (茹胡)

[ɲaː˨˩ ho˨˩]

[ɲaː˦˩ how˦˩]

[ɲaː˨˩ how˨˩]

(historical) the Hồ dynasty (1400–1407 C.E.)


nhà Tiền Lê

[ɲaː˨˩ tiən˨˩ le˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ tiəŋ˦˩ lej˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ tiəŋ˨˩ lej˧˧]

(historical) the Early Lê dynasty (980–1009 C.E.)


nhà Hậu Lê

nhà Hậu Lê • (茹後黎)

[ɲaː˨˩ həw˧˨ʔ le˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ həw˨˩ʔ lej˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ həw˨˩˨ lej˧˧]

(historical) the Later Lê dynasty (1428–1789 C.E.)


Tiền Lí

[tiəŋ˦˩ lɪj˨˩˦]

[tiəŋ˨˩ lɪj˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 前李, composed of 前 and 李.

vi-etym-sino

(historical) the Early Lí dynasty (544–602 C.E.)


nhà Tiền Lí

[ɲaː˨˩ tiən˨˩ li˧˦]

[ɲaː˦˩ tiəŋ˦˩ lɪj˨˩˦]

[ɲaː˨˩ tiəŋ˨˩ lɪj˦˥]


nhà Lê sơ

head

nhà Lê sơ • (茹黎初)

[ɲaː˨˩ le˧˧ səː˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ lej˧˧ ʂəː˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ lej˧˧ səː˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ lej˧˧ ʂəː˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ lej˧˧ səː˧˧]

nhà (“dynasty”) + Lê sơ (“Primitive Lê”).

com

(historical) the Primitive Lê dynasty (1428–1527 C.E.)


nhà Mạc

[ɲaː˨˩ maːk̚˧˨ʔ]

[ɲaː˦˩ maːk̚˨˩ʔ]

[ɲaː˨˩ maːk̚˨˩˨]

(historical) the Mạc dynasty (1527–1677 C.E.)


nhà Ngô

[ɲaː˨˩ ŋo˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ ŋow˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ ŋow˧˧]

(historical) the Ngô dynasty (939–965 C.E.)


nhà Lí

head

nhà Lí • (茹李)

[ɲaː˨˩ li˧˦]

[ɲaː˦˩ lɪj˨˩˦]

[ɲaː˨˩ lɪj˦˥]

(historical) the Lý dynasty (1009–1225 C.E.)


nhà Tây Sơn

[ɲaː˨˩ təj˧˧ səːn˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ təj˧˧ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ təj˧˧ səːŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ təj˧˧ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ təj˧˧ səːŋ˧˧]

(historical) the Tây Sơn dynasty (1778–1802 C.E.)


Lê trung hưng

[le˧˧ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧ hɨŋ˧˧]

[lej˧˧ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ hɨŋ˧˧]

[lej˧˧ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ hɨŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 黎中興, composed of 黎 and 中興.

vi-etym-sino

(historical) the Revival Lê dynasty (1533–1789 C.E.)


nhà Lê trung hưng

[ɲaː˨˩ le˧˧ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧ hɨŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ lej˧˧ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ hɨŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ lej˧˧ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ hɨŋ˧˧]

nhà (“dynasty”) + Lê trung hưng (“Revival Lê”).


Hậu Trần

[həw˧˨ʔ t͡ɕən˨˩]

[həw˨˩ʔ ʈəŋ˦˩]

[həw˨˩˨ ʈəŋ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 後陳, composed of 後 and 陳.

vi-etym-sino

(historical) the Later Trần dynasty (1407–1413 C.E.)


Tiền Lê

Sino-Vietnamese word from 前黎, composed of 前 and 黎.


Lê sơ

[le˧˧ səː˧˧]

[lej˧˧ ʂəː˧˧]

[lej˧˧ səː˧˧]

[lej˧˧ ʂəː˧˧]

[lej˧˧ səː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 黎初, composed of 黎 and 初.


nhà Đinh

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɗïŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ ʔɗɨn˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɗɨn˧˧]

(historical) the Đinh dynasty (968–980 C.E.)


nhà Hậu Trần

[ɲaː˨˩ həw˧˨ʔ t͡ɕən˨˩]

[ɲaː˦˩ həw˨˩ʔ ʈəŋ˦˩]

[ɲaː˨˩ həw˨˩˨ ʈəŋ˨˩]

nhà (“dynasty”) + Hậu Trần (“Later Trần”).


Hậu Lê

[həw˧˨ʔ le˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 後黎, composed of 後 and 黎.


nhà Tây Chu

[ɲaː˨˩ təj˧˧ t͡ɕu˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ təj˧˧ t͡ɕʊw˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ təj˧˧ cʊw˧˧]

nhà (“dynasty”) + Tây Chu (“Western Zhou”).

com

(historical) the Western Zhou dynasty (1045–771 BCE)

Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (266–420)
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Ming dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty


nhà Ân

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔən˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ ʔəŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔəŋ˧˧]


nhà Chu

[ɲaː˨˩ t͡ɕu˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ t͡ɕʊw˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ cʊw˧˧]

(historical) the Zhou dynasty (1046–256 BCE)


nhà Tần

[ɲaː˨˩ tən˨˩]

[ɲaː˦˩ təŋ˦˩]

[ɲaː˨˩ təŋ˨˩]

(historical) the Qin dynasty (221–206 BCE)


Ân triều

[ʔən˧˧ t͡ɕiəw˨˩]

[ʔəŋ˧˧ ʈiw˦˩]

[ʔəŋ˧˧ ʈiw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 殷朝, composed of 殷 and 朝.


nhà Đông Chu

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕu˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕʊw˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ cʊw˧˧]

nhà (“dynasty”) + Đông Chu (“Eastern Zhou”).

com

(historical) the Eastern Zhou dynasty (771–256 BCE)


nhà Thương

[ɲaː˨˩ tʰɨəŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ tʰɨəŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ tʰɨəŋ˧˧]

(historical) the Shang dynasty (1600–1046 BCE)


Tây Chu

[təj˧˧ t͡ɕu˧˧]

[təj˧˧ t͡ɕʊw˧˧]

[təj˧˧ cʊw˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 西周, composed of 西 and 周.


Tần triều

[tən˨˩ t͡ɕiəw˨˩]

[təŋ˦˩ ʈiw˦˩]

[təŋ˨˩ ʈiw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 秦朝, composed of 秦 and 朝.


Hán triều

[haːn˧˦ t͡ɕiəw˨˩]

[haːŋ˦˧˥ ʈiw˦˩]

[haːŋ˦˥ ʈiw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 漢朝, composed of 漢 and 朝.

(historical) the Han dynasty (206 BCE–220 C.E.)


nhà Tân

[ɲaː˨˩ tən˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ təŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ təŋ˧˧]


Đông Chu

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕu˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕʊw˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ cʊw˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 東周, composed of 東 and 周.


Tây Hán

[təj˧˧ haːŋ˦˧˥]

[təj˧˧ haːŋ˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 西漢, composed of 西 and 漢.

the Western Han dynasty (202 BCE–9 C.E.)


Tấn

(historical) the Jin dynasty (266–420 C.E.)

(historical) Jin (a feudal state in northern China during the Zhou dynasty (11th century BCE–376 BCE))


Tần

(historical) the State of Qin in ancient China (9th century–207 BCE)


nhà Đông Hán

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ haːn˧˦]

[ɲaː˦˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ haːŋ˦˧˥]

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ haːŋ˦˥]

nhà (“dynasty”) + Đông Hán (“Eastern Han”).

com

(historical) the Eastern Han dynasty (25–220 C.E.)


nhà Hạ

[ɲaː˨˩ haː˧˨ʔ]

[ɲaː˦˩ haː˨˩ʔ]

[ɲaː˨˩ haː˨˩˨]

(historical) the Xia dynasty (2070–1600 BCE)


nhà Hán

[ɲaː˨˩ haːn˧˦]

[ɲaː˦˩ haːŋ˦˧˥]

[ɲaː˨˩ haːŋ˦˥]


Đông Hán

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ haːn˧˦]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ haːŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ haːŋ˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 東漢, composed of 東 and 漢.


nhà Tấn

[ɲaː˨˩ tən˧˦]

[ɲaː˦˩ təŋ˦˧˥]

[ɲaː˨˩ təŋ˦˥]


nhà Tây Hán

[ɲaː˨˩ təj˧˧ haːn˧˦]

[ɲaː˦˩ təj˧˧ haːŋ˦˧˥]

[ɲaː˨˩ təj˧˧ haːŋ˦˥]

nhà (“dynasty”) + Tây Hán (“Western Han”).

com

(historical) the Western Han dynasty (202 BCE–9 C.E.)


Bắc Ngụy

Traditional tone placement spelling of Bắc Nguỵ.


Tây Ngụy

Traditional tone placement spelling of Tây Nguỵ.


nhà Tây Ngụy

Traditional tone placement spelling of nhà Tây Nguỵ.


nhà Bắc Ngụy

Traditional tone placement spelling of nhà Bắc Nguỵ.


nhà Đông Ngụy

Traditional tone placement spelling of nhà Đông Nguỵ.


Đông Ngụy

Traditional tone placement spelling of Đông Nguỵ.


Tây Tấn

[təj˧˧ tən˧˦]

[təj˧˧ təŋ˦˧˥]

[təj˧˧ təŋ˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 西晉, composed of 西 and 晉.


nhà Tây Tấn

[ɲaː˨˩ təj˧˧ tən˧˦]

[ɲaː˦˩ təj˧˧ təŋ˦˧˥]

[ɲaː˨˩ təj˧˧ təŋ˦˥]

(historical) the Western Jin dynasty (266–316 C.E.)


nhà Đông Tấn

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ tən˧˦]

[ɲaː˦˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ təŋ˦˧˥]

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ təŋ˦˥]

(historical) the Eastern Jin dynasty (317–420 C.E.)


Nam-Bắc triều

Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (266–420)
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Ming dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty
vi:Nam–Bắc triều (Nhật Bản)
vi:Nam–Bắc triều (Trung Quốc)
vi:Nam–Bắc triều (Việt Nam)

[naːm˧˧ ʔɓak̚˧˦ t͡ɕiəw˨˩]

[naːm˧˧ ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ ʈiw˦˩]

[naːm˧˧ ʔɓak̚˦˥ ʈiw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 南北朝, composed of 南北 and 朝.

(historical) the Northern and Southern dynasties (420–589 C.E. in Chinese history)

(historical) the Nanboku-chō period (1336–1392 C.E. in Japanese history)

(historical) the Southern and Northern dynasties (1533–1592 C.E. in Vietnamese history)


nhà Bắc Nguỵ

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɓak̚˧˦ ŋwi˧˨ʔ]

[ɲaː˦˩ ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ ŋwɪj˨˩ʔ]

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɓak̚˦˥ ŋwɪj˨˩˨]

(historical) the Northern Wei dynasty (386–535 C.E.)


Đông Tấn

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ tən˧˦]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ təŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ təŋ˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 東晉, composed of 東 and 晉.


nhà Tùy

Traditional tone placement spelling of nhà Tuỳ.


nhà Tây Nguỵ

[ɲaː˨˩ təj˧˧ ŋwi˧˨ʔ]

[ɲaː˦˩ təj˧˧ ŋwɪj˨˩ʔ]

[ɲaː˨˩ təj˧˧ ŋwɪj˨˩˨]

(historical) the Western Wei dynasty (535–557 C.E.)


nhà Đông Nguỵ

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ŋwi˧˨ʔ]

[ɲaː˦˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ŋwɪj˨˩ʔ]

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ŋwɪj˨˩˨]

(historical) the Eastern Wei dynasty (534–550 C.E.)


Tùy

Traditional tone placement spelling of Tuỳ.


Đông Nguỵ

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ŋwi˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ŋwɪj˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ŋwɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 東魏, composed of 東 and 魏.


nhà Bắc Chu

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɓak̚˧˦ t͡ɕu˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ t͡ɕʊw˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɓak̚˦˥ cʊw˧˧]

(historical) the Northern Zhou dynasty (557–581 C.E.)


nhà Lưu Tống

[ɲaː˨˩ liw˧˧ təwŋ͡m˧˦]

[ɲaː˦˩ lɨw˧˧ təwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[ɲaː˨˩ lɨw˧˧ təwŋ͡m˦˥]

(historical) the Liu Song dynasty (420–479 C.E.)


nhà Lương

[ɲaː˨˩ lɨəŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ lɨəŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ lɨəŋ˧˧]

(historical) the Liang dynasty (502–557 C.E.)


Bắc Tề

[ʔɓak̚˧˦ te˨˩]

[ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ tej˦˩]

[ʔɓak̚˦˥ tej˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 北齊, composed of 北 and 齊.

(historical) the Northern Qi dynasty (550–577 C.E.)


Nam Tề

Sino-Vietnamese word from 南齊, composed of 南 and 齊.

(historical) the Southern Qi dynasty (479–502 C.E.)


Tề

(historical) the State of Qi (an ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty (1046–221 BCE))


Nam triều

An Dương Vương
Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Early Lê dynasty
Early Lý dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Hồ dynasty
Hồng Bàng dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (266–420)
Later Trần dynasty
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Lê dynasty
Lý dynasty
Ming dynasty
Mạc dynasty
Nguyễn dynasty
Ngô dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Revival Lê dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Triệu dynasty
Trần dynasty
Tây Sơn dynasty
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty
vi:Nam–Bắc triều (Trung Quốc)
vi:Nhà Lê trung hưng
Đinh dynasty

[naːm˧˧ t͡ɕiəw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 南朝, composed of 南 and 朝.

(historical) the Southern dynasties (420–589 C.E. in Chinese history)

(historical) the Southern Court (1338–1392 C.E. in Japanese history)

(historical) the Revival Lê dynasty (1533–1789 C.E. in Vietnamese history)


nhóm đảo An Vĩnh

[ɲɔm˧˦ ʔɗaːw˧˩ ʔaːn˧˧ vïŋ˦ˀ˥]

[ɲɔm˦˧˥ ʔɗaːw˧˨ ʔaːŋ˧˧ vɨn˧˨]

[ɲɔm˦˥ ʔɗaːw˨˩˦ ʔaːŋ˧˧ vɨn˨˩˦]

[ɲɔm˦˥ ʔɗaːw˨˩˦ ʔaːŋ˧˧ jɨn˨˩˦]

Amphitrite Group
Amphitrite Group#English

Amphitrite Group (an island group of the Paracel Islands, South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)


nhóm đảo Lưỡi Liềm

[ɲɔm˧˦ ʔɗaːw˧˩ lɨəj˦ˀ˥ liəm˨˩]

[ɲɔm˦˧˥ ʔɗaːw˧˨ lɨj˧˨ liəm˦˩]

[ɲɔm˦˥ ʔɗaːw˨˩˦ lɨj˨˩˦ lim˨˩]

nhóm đảo (“island group”) + lưỡi liềm (“crescent, curved”).

com

Crescent Group (an island group of the Paracel Islands, South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)


quần đảo Hoàng Sa

[kwən˨˩ ʔɗaːw˧˩ hwaːŋ˨˩ saː˧˧]

[kwəŋ˦˩ ʔɗaːw˧˨ hwaːŋ˦˩ ʂaː˧˧]

[kwəŋ˦˩ ʔɗaːw˧˨ hwaːŋ˦˩ saː˧˧]

[wəŋ˨˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩˦ waːŋ˨˩ ʂaː˧˧]

[wəŋ˨˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩˦ waːŋ˨˩ saː˧˧]

Paracel Islands (an archipelago in the South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)


Nghĩa Hòa Đoàn

Nghĩa Hoà Đoàn
Nghĩa Hoà Đoàn#Vietnamese

Traditional tone placement spelling of Nghĩa Hoà Đoàn.


cụm Nam Yết

[kum˧˨ʔ naːm˧˧ ʔiət̚˧˦]

[kum˨˩ʔ naːm˧˧ ʔiək̚˦˧˥]

[kʊm˨˩˨ naːm˧˧ ʔiək̚˦˥]

Tizard Bank (an atoll of the Spratly Islands, South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)


cụm Sinh Tồn

[kum˧˨ʔ sïŋ˧˧ ton˨˩]

[kum˨˩ʔ ʂɨn˧˧ toŋ˦˩]

[kum˨˩ʔ sɨn˧˧ toŋ˦˩]

[kʊm˨˩˨ ʂɨn˧˧ toŋ˨˩]

[kʊm˨˩˨ sɨn˧˧ toŋ˨˩]

cụm (“cluster”) + sinh tồn (“to survive, to exist”).

Union Banks (an atoll of the Spratly Islands, South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)


cụm Song Tử

[kum˧˨ʔ sawŋ͡m˧˧ tɨ˧˩]

[kum˨˩ʔ ʂawŋ͡m˧˧ tɨ˧˨]

[kum˨˩ʔ sɔŋ˧˧ tɨ˧˨]

[kʊm˨˩˨ ʂawŋ͡m˧˧ tɨ˨˩˦]

[kʊm˨˩˨ sawŋ͡m˧˧ tɨ˨˩˦]

North Danger Reef
North Danger Reef#English

North Danger Reef (an atoll of the Spratly Islands, South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)


quần đảo Trường Sa

[kwən˨˩ ʔɗaːw˧˩ t͡ɕɨəŋ˨˩ saː˧˧]

[kwəŋ˦˩ ʔɗaːw˧˨ ʈɨəŋ˦˩ ʂaː˧˧]

[kwəŋ˦˩ ʔɗaːw˧˨ ʈɨəŋ˦˩ saː˧˧]

[wəŋ˨˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩˦ ʈɨəŋ˨˩ ʂaː˧˧]

[wəŋ˨˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩˦ ʈɨəŋ˨˩ saː˧˧]

Spratly Islands (an archipelago in the South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)


cụm Thị Tứ

[kum˧˨ʔ tʰi˧˨ʔ tɨ˧˦]

[kum˨˩ʔ tʰɪj˨˩ʔ tɨ˨˩˦]

[kʊm˨˩˨ tʰɪj˨˩˨ tɨ˦˥]

Thitu Reefs (an atoll of the Spratly Islands, South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)


cụm Loại Ta

[kʊm˨˩˨ l⁽ʷ⁾aːj˨˩˨ taː˧˧]

Loaita Bank (an atoll of the Spratly Islands, South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)


vịnh Hạ Long

[vïŋ˧˨ʔ haː˧˨ʔ lawŋ͡m˧˧]

[vɨn˨˩ʔ haː˨˩ʔ lawŋ͡m˧˧]

[vɨn˨˩ʔ haː˨˩ʔ lɔŋ˧˧]

[vɨn˨˩˨ haː˨˩˨ lawŋ͡m˧˧]

[jɨn˨˩˨ haː˨˩˨ lawŋ͡m˧˧]

Hạ Long Bay (a bay in the Gulf of Tonkin, South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)


Nghĩa Hoà Đoàn

[ŋiə˦ˀ˥ hwaː˨˩ ʔɗwaːn˨˩]

[ŋiə˧˨ hwaː˦˩ ʔɗwaːŋ˦˩]

[ŋiə˨˩˦ waː˨˩ ʔɗwaːŋ˨˩]


phong trào Nghĩa Hoà Đoàn

[fawŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕaːw˨˩ ŋiə˦ˀ˥ hwaː˨˩ ʔɗwaːn˨˩]

[fawŋ͡m˧˧ ʈaːw˦˩ ŋiə˧˨ hwaː˦˩ ʔɗwaːŋ˦˩]

[fɔŋ˧˧ ʈaːw˦˩ ŋiə˧˨ hwaː˦˩ ʔɗwaːŋ˦˩]

[fawŋ͡m˧˧ ʈaːw˨˩ ŋiə˨˩˦ waː˨˩ ʔɗwaːŋ˨˩]

phong trào (“movement”) + Nghĩa Hoà Đoàn (“the Boxers”).

(historical) the Boxer Rebellion (1899–1901)


Chiến tranh Nha phiến

[t͡ɕiən˧˦ t͡ɕajŋ̟˧˧ ɲaː˧˧ fiən˧˦]

[t͡ɕiəŋ˦˧˥ ʈɛɲ˧˧ ɲaː˧˧ fiəŋ˦˧˥]

[ciəŋ˦˥ ʈan˧˧ ɲaː˧˧ fiəŋ˦˥]

chiến tranh (“war”) + nha phiến (“opium”).

(historical) the Opium War (referring to either the First or Second Opium War)


bách niên quốc sỉ

[ʔɓajk̟̚˧˦ niən˧˧ kuək̚˧˦ si˧˩]

[ʔɓat̚˦˧˥ niəŋ˧˧ kuək̚˦˧˥ ʂɪj˧˨]

[ʔɓat̚˦˧˥ niəŋ˧˧ kuək̚˦˧˥ sɪj˧˨]

[ʔɓat̚˦˥ niəŋ˧˧ wək̚˦˥ ʂɪj˨˩˦]

[ʔɓat̚˦˥ niəŋ˧˧ wək̚˦˥ sɪj˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 百年國恥, composed of 百年 (“one hundred years”) and 國恥 (“national humiliation”).

vi-etym-sino

Century of Humiliation
century of humiliation

(historical) the Century of Humiliation (1839–1940s)


Tây Nguỵ

[təj˧˧ ŋwi˧˨ʔ]

[təj˧˧ ŋwɪj˨˩ʔ]

[təj˧˧ ŋwɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 西魏, composed of 西 and 魏.


Lưu Tống

[lɨw˧˧ təwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[lɨw˧˧ təwŋ͡m˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 劉宋, composed of 劉 and 宋.


phong trào Nghĩa Hòa Đoàn

phong trào Nghĩa Hoà Đoàn
phong trào Nghĩa Hoà Đoàn#Vietnamese

Traditional tone placement spelling of phong trào Nghĩa Hoà Đoàn.


Bắc Nguỵ

[ʔɓak̚˧˦ ŋwi˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ ŋwɪj˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓak̚˦˥ ŋwɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 北魏, composed of 北 and 魏.


Tòa tháp đôi

Traditional tone placement spelling of Toà tháp đôi.


nhà Kim

[ɲaː˨˩ kim˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ kim˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ kim˧˧]

(historical) the Jin dynasty (1115–1234 C.E.)


nhà Tây Liêu

[ɲaː˨˩ təj˧˧ liəw˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ təj˧˧ liw˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ təj˧˧ liw˧˧]

nhà (“dynasty”) + Tây Liêu (“Western Liao”).

com

(historical) the Western Liao dynasty (1124–1218 C.E.)


nhà Tuỳ

[ɲaː˨˩ twi˨˩]

[ɲaː˦˩ twɪj˦˩]

[ɲaː˨˩ t⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩]

(historical) the Sui dynasty (581–618 C.E.)


Toà tháp đôi

[twaː˨˩ tʰaːp̚˧˦ ʔɗoj˧˧]

[twaː˦˩ tʰaːp̚˦˧˥ ʔɗoj˧˧]

[t⁽ʷ⁾aː˨˩ tʰaːp̚˦˥ ʔɗoj˧˧]

toà (“classifier”) + tháp (“tower”) + đôi (“double”).

the Twin Towers (two main buildings of the World Trade Center)


nhà Nam Tống

[ɲaː˨˩ naːm˧˧ təwŋ͡m˧˦]

[ɲaː˦˩ naːm˧˧ təwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[ɲaː˨˩ naːm˧˧ təwŋ͡m˦˥]

nhà (“dynasty”) + Nam Tống (“Southern Song”).

(historical) the Southern Song dynasty (1127–1279 C.E.)


Chiến tranh Cách mạng Mĩ

[t͡ɕiən˧˦ t͡ɕajŋ̟˧˧ kajk̟̚˧˦ maːŋ˧˨ʔ mi˦ˀ˥]

[t͡ɕiəŋ˦˧˥ ʈɛɲ˧˧ kat̚˦˧˥ maːŋ˨˩ʔ mɪj˧˨]

[ciəŋ˦˥ ʈan˧˧ kat̚˦˥ maːŋ˨˩˨ mɪj˨˩˦]

chiến tranh (“war”) + cách mạng (“revolution”) + Mĩ (“America”).

American Revolutionary War
American Revolutionary War

(historical) the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783)


Cái Bè

[kaːj˧˦ ʔɓɛ˨˩]

[kaːj˨˩˦ ʔɓɛ˦˩]

[kaːj˦˥ ʔɓɛ˨˩]

Cái Bè (a district of Tiền Giang, Vietnam)


Chợ Gạo

[t͡ɕəː˧˨ʔ ɣaːw˧˨ʔ]

[t͡ɕəː˨˩ʔ ɣaːw˨˩ʔ]

[cəː˨˩˨ ɣaːw˨˩˨]

Chợ Gạo (a district of Tiền Giang, Vietnam)


chiến tranh chống khủng bố

[t͡ɕiən˧˦ t͡ɕajŋ̟˧˧ t͡ɕəwŋ͡m˧˦ xʊwŋ͡m˧˩ ʔɓo˧˦]

[t͡ɕiəŋ˦˧˥ ʈɛɲ˧˧ t͡ɕəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ kʰʊwŋ͡m˧˨ ʔɓow˨˩˦]

[t͡ɕiəŋ˦˧˥ ʈɛɲ˧˧ t͡ɕəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ xʊwŋ͡m˧˨ ʔɓow˨˩˦]

[ciəŋ˦˥ ʈan˧˧ cəwŋ͡m˦˥ kʰʊwŋ͡m˨˩˦ ʔɓow˦˥]

[ciəŋ˦˥ ʈan˧˧ cəwŋ͡m˦˥ xʊwŋ͡m˨˩˦ ʔɓow˦˥]

chiến tranh (“war”) + chống (“to oppose, to resist”) + khủng bố (“to terrorize”).

(US) the War on Terrorism (American-led global counterterrorism campaign launched in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001)


nhóm Địa phương

[ɲɔm˧˦ ʔɗiə˧˨ʔ fɨəŋ˧˧]

[ɲɔm˦˧˥ ʔɗiə˨˩ʔ fɨəŋ˧˧]

[ɲɔm˦˥ ʔɗiə˨˩˨ fɨəŋ˧˧]

(astronomy) the Local Group (the group of more than 20 galaxies to which the Milky Way belongs)


nhà Thanh

[ɲaː˨˩ tʰajŋ̟˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ tʰɛɲ˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ tʰan˧˧]

(historical) the Qing dynasty (1636–1912 C.E.)


Minh triều

[mïŋ˧˧ t͡ɕiəw˨˩]

[mɨn˧˧ ʈiw˦˩]

[mɨn˧˧ ʈiw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 明朝, composed of 明 and 朝.

vi-etym-sino

(historical) the Ming dynasty (1368–1644 C.E.)


nhà Nguyên

[ɲaː˨˩ ŋwiən˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ ŋwiəŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ ŋwiəŋ˧˧]

(historical) the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368 C.E.)


nhà Tống

[ɲaː˨˩ təwŋ͡m˧˦]

[ɲaː˦˩ təwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[ɲaː˨˩ təwŋ͡m˦˥]

(historical) the Song dynasty (960–1279 C.E.)


Trung tâm Thương mại Thế giới

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧ təm˧˧ tʰɨəŋ˧˧ maːj˧˨ʔ tʰe˧˦ zəːj˧˦]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ təm˧˧ tʰɨəŋ˧˧ maːj˨˩ʔ tʰej˨˩˦ jəːj˨˩˦]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ təm˧˧ tʰɨəŋ˧˧ maːj˨˩˨ tʰej˦˥ jəːj˦˥]

trung tâm (“center”) + thương mại (“trade”) + thế giới (“world”).

com

the World Trade Center (a complex of buildings in New York City, three of which were destroyed in the 9/11 attacks)

vi:Trung tâm Thương mại Thế giới (1973–2001)

vi:Trung tâm Thương mại Thế giới (2001–nay)


nhà Liêu

[ɲaː˨˩ liəw˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ liw˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ liw˧˧]

(historical) the Liao dynasty (907–1125 C.E.)


nhà Đường

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩]

[ɲaː˦˩ ʔɗɨəŋ˦˩]

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩]

(historical) the Tang dynasty (618–907 C.E.)


nhà Minh

[ɲaː˨˩ mïŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ mɨn˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ mɨn˧˧]


Thanh triều

[tʰajŋ̟˧˧ t͡ɕiəw˨˩]

[tʰɛɲ˧˧ ʈiw˦˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 清朝, composed of 清 and 朝.


nhà Tây Hạ

[ɲaː˨˩ təj˧˧ haː˧˨ʔ]

[ɲaː˦˩ təj˧˧ haː˨˩ʔ]

[ɲaː˨˩ təj˧˧ haː˨˩˨]

nhà (“dynasty”) + Tây Hạ (“Western Xia”).

com

(historical) the Western Xia dynasty (1038–1227 C.E.)


Bắc Tống

[ʔɓak̚˧˦ təwŋ͡m˧˦]

[ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ təwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[ʔɓak̚˦˥ təwŋ͡m˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 北宋, composed of 北 and 宋.

vi-etym-sino

(historical) the Northern Song dynasty (960–1127 C.E.)


Bắc Chu

[ʔɓak̚˧˦ t͡ɕu˧˧]

[ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ t͡ɕʊw˧˧]

[ʔɓak̚˦˥ cʊw˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 北周, composed of 北 and 周.

(historical) the Northern Zhou dynasty (557–581 C.E.)


nhà Bắc Tề

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɓak̚˧˦ te˨˩]

[ɲaː˦˩ ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ tej˦˩]

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɓak̚˦˥ tej˨˩]

(historical) the Northern Qi dynasty (550–577 C.E.)


thiên hà Tiên Nữ

[tʰiən˧˧ haː˨˩ tiən˧˧ nɨ˦ˀ˥]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ haː˦˩ tiəŋ˧˧ nɨ˧˨]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ haː˨˩ tiəŋ˧˧ nɨ˨˩˦]

thiên hà (“galaxy”) + tiên nữ (“fairy”).


Đường triều

[ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩ t͡ɕiəw˨˩]

[ʔɗɨəŋ˦˩ ʈiw˦˩]

[ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩ ʈiw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 唐朝, composed of 唐 and 朝.


Tuỳ

(historical) the State of Sui (a Chinese vassal state during the Zhou dynasty (10th century BCE–?))


nhà Nam Tề

[ɲaː˨˩ naːm˧˧ te˨˩]

[ɲaː˦˩ naːm˧˧ tej˦˩]

[ɲaː˨˩ naːm˧˧ tej˨˩]

(historical) the Southern Qi dynasty (479–502 C.E.)


eo biển Đài Loan

[ʔɛw˧˧ ʔɓiən˧˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩ lwaːn˧˧]

[ʔɛw˧˧ ʔɓiəŋ˧˨ ʔɗaːj˦˩ lwaːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɛw˧˧ ʔɓiəŋ˨˩˦ ʔɗaːj˨˩ l⁽ʷ⁾aːŋ˧˧]

eo biển (“strait”) + Đài Loan (“Taiwan”).


Một vành đai, một con đường

[mot̚˧˨ʔ vajŋ̟˨˩ ʔɗaːj˧˧ mot̚˧˨ʔ kɔn˧˧ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩]

[mok̚˨˩ʔ vɛɲ˦˩ ʔɗaːj˧˧ mok̚˨˩ʔ kɔŋ˧˧ ʔɗɨəŋ˦˩]

[mok̚˨˩˨ van˨˩ ʔɗaːj˧˧ mok̚˨˩˨ kɔŋ˧˧ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩]

[mok̚˨˩˨ jan˨˩ ʔɗaːj˧˧ mok̚˨˩˨ kɔŋ˧˧ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Một vành đai, một con đường.wav

Calque of Chinese 一帶一路／一带一路 (Nhất đái, nhất lộ).

cal

(neologism) Belt and Road Initiative (development strategy adopted by the Chinese government)


Bắc triều

An Dương Vương
Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Early Lê dynasty
Early Lý dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Hồ dynasty
Hồng Bàng dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (266–420)
Later Trần dynasty
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Lê dynasty
Lý dynasty
Ming dynasty
Mạc dynasty
Nguyễn dynasty
Ngô dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Revival Lê dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Triệu dynasty
Trần dynasty
Tây Sơn dynasty
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty
vi:Bắc triều (Nhật Bản)
vi:Nam–Bắc triều (Trung Quốc)
vi:Nhà Mạc
Đinh dynasty

[ʔɓak̚˧˦ t͡ɕiəw˨˩]

[ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ ʈiw˦˩]

[ʔɓak̚˦˥ ʈiw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 北朝, composed of 北 and 朝.

vi-etym-sino

(historical) the Northern dynasties (439–589 C.E. in Chinese history)

(historical) the Northern Court (1331/1336–1392 C.E. in Japanese history)

(historical) the Mạc dynasty (1527–1677 C.E. in Vietnamese history)


nhà Bắc Tống

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɓak̚˧˦ təwŋ͡m˧˦]

[ɲaː˦˩ ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ təwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[ɲaː˨˩ ʔɓak̚˦˥ təwŋ͡m˦˥]

nhà (“dynasty”) + Bắc Tống (“Northern Song”).


chợ Bến Thành

[t͡ɕəː˧˨ʔ ʔɓen˧˦ tʰajŋ̟˨˩]

[t͡ɕəː˨˩ʔ ʔɓen˦˧˥ tʰɛɲ˦˩]

[cəː˨˩˨ ʔɓəːn˦˥ tʰan˨˩]

Ho Chi Minh City
Ho Chi Minh City#English

Bến Thành Market (a market in District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam)


chợ Đồng Xuân

[t͡ɕəː˧˨ʔ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ swən˧˧]

[t͡ɕəː˨˩ʔ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ swəŋ˧˧]

[cəː˨˩˨ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ s⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˧˧]

Đồng Xuân Market
Đồng Xuân Market#English

Đồng Xuân Market (a market in Hoàn Kiếm district, Hanoi, Vietnam)

Đồng Xuân Market (a market in Lichtenberg, Lichtenberg borough, Berlin, Germany)


同春

chữ Hán form of Đồng Xuân (“Đồng Xuân”).


Tống triều

[təwŋ͡m˧˦ t͡ɕiəw˨˩]

[təwŋ͡m˦˧˥ ʈiw˦˩]

[təwŋ͡m˦˥ ʈiw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 宋朝, composed of 宋 and 朝.


Đồng Xuân

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ swən˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ swəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ s⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˧˧]

Đồng Xuân (a rural district of Phú Yên, Vietnam)

Đồng Xuân (a ward of Hoàn Kiếm district, Hanoi, Vietnam)

Đồng Xuân (a ward of Phúc Yên, Vĩnh Phúc, Vietnam)

Đồng Xuân (a commune of Thanh Ba district, Phú Thọ, Vietnam)

(chợ ～) Đồng Xuân (a market in Hoàn Kiếm district, Hanoi, Vietnam)

(chợ ～) Đồng Xuân (a market in Lichtenberg, Lichtenberg borough, Berlin, Germany)


Nguyên triều

[ŋwiən˧˧ t͡ɕiəw˨˩]

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ ʈiw˦˩]

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ ʈiw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 元朝, composed of 元 and 朝.


Liêu

(historical) the Northern Liao dynasty (1122–1123 C.E.)

(historical) the Western Liao dynasty (1124–1218 C.E.)


Sa Huỳnh

[saː˧˧ hwïŋ̟˨˩]

[ʂaː˧˧ hwɨn˦˩]

[ʂaː˧˧ wɨn˨˩]

[saː˧˧ wɨn˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 沙 and 黃, with the South Central-Southern reading of the second character instead of Northern hoàng.

Sa Huỳnh (an estuary in Quảng Ngãi, Vietnam)

(archaeology) a culture in modern-day central and southern Vietnam (1000 BCE–200 C.E.)

(archaeology) Sa Huỳnh (a cluster of archaeological sites in Đức Phổ, Quảng Ngãi, Vietnam)

Sa Huỳnh (a coral reef of the Loaita Bank, Spratly Islands, South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)


Hoàng Sa

→ English: Hoang Sa, Hoàng Sa

[hwaːŋ˨˩ saː˧˧]

[hwaːŋ˦˩ ʂaː˧˧]

[hwaːŋ˦˩ saː˧˧]

[waːŋ˨˩ ʂaː˧˧]

[waːŋ˨˩ saː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 黃砂.
This word most likely originated as a tên chữ used in adminstrative records, translated from the tên Nôm (bãi) Cát Vàng (“Yellow Sand (Bars)”). Since adminstrative records in pre-modern Vietnam were (mostly) written in Chinese, it was common to translate the Vietnamese tên Nôm into Chinese (alternatively, phonetic transcription was also common). This tên Nôm (spelled 𪤄葛鐄 (bãi Cát Vàng)) was attested first in a map from Toản tập Thiên Nam tứ chí lộ đồ thư (纂集天南四至路圖書, 1686) by Đỗ Bá, and was still attested in Dubois de Jancigny's work from 1850 titled L'Univers. Histoire et description de tous les peuples. Japon, Indo-Chine, Empire Birman (ou Ava), Siam, Annam (ou Cochinchine), Péninsule Malaise, etc., Ceylan, par M. Dubois de Jancigny, Aide de camp du roi d'Oude.

Paracel Islands (an archipelago in the South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)

Hoàng Sa (an island district of Da Nang, Vietnam)

Pattle Island (a coral island of the Crescent Group, Paracel Islands, South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)


Bến Thành

→ English: Bến Thành

[ʔɓen˧˦ tʰajŋ̟˨˩]

[ʔɓen˦˧˥ tʰɛɲ˦˩]

[ʔɓəːn˦˥ tʰan˨˩]

bến (“port”) + thành (“citadel; fort”).
Named after a port near the Bát Quái fort, now no longer exists.

Bến Thành (a ward of District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam)

(chợ ～) Bến Thành (a market in District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam)


Trường Sa

→ English: Truong Sa, Trường Sa

[t͡ɕɨəŋ˨˩ saː˧˧]

[ʈɨəŋ˦˩ ʂaː˧˧]

[ʈɨəŋ˦˩ saː˧˧]

[ʈɨəŋ˨˩ ʂaː˧˧]

[ʈɨəŋ˨˩ saː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 長沙, composed of 長 and 沙.

Spratly Islands (an archipelago in the South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)

Spratly Island (a coral island of the Spratly Islands, South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)

Trường Sa (an island district of Khánh Hoà, Vietnam)

Trường Sa (a township in Trường Sa district, Khánh Hoà, Vietnam)

Changsha (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Hunan, China)

Changsha (a county of Changsha, Hunan, China)


Đại Việt sử ký

Đại Việt sử kí
Đại Việt sử kí#Vietnamese


Đại Việt sử kí

[ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ viət̚˧˨ʔ sɨ˧˩ ki˧˦]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ viək̚˨˩ʔ ʂɨ˧˨ kɪj˨˩˦]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ viək̚˨˩ʔ sɨ˧˨ kɪj˨˩˦]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ viək̚˨˩˨ ʂɨ˨˩˦ kɪj˦˥]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ jiək̚˨˩˨ sɨ˨˩˦ kɪj˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 大越史記, composed of 大越 (“Đại Việt”) and 史記 (“history record; annals”).

(literature) the Annals of Đại Việt (official historical text of the Trần dynasty and is considered to be the first comprehensive account of the history of Vietnam)


TTXVN

Initialism of Thông tấn xã Việt Nam (“Vietnam News Agency”).


Kiến Thụy

Traditional tone placement spelling of Kiến Thuỵ.


Kiến Thuỵ

[kiəŋ˦˧˥ tʰwɪj˨˩ʔ]

[kiəŋ˦˥ tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 建瑞, composed of 建 and 瑞.

Kiến Thuỵ (a rural district of Haiphong, Vietnam).


建瑞

chữ Hán form of Kiến Thuỵ (“Kiến Thuỵ”).


Ngô Quyền

[ŋow˧˧ kwiəŋ˦˩]

[ŋow˧˧ wiəŋ˨˩]

Named after Ngô Quyền. Sino-Vietnamese word from 吳權, composed of 吳 and 權.

Ngô Quyền (an urban district of Haiphong, Vietnam)

Ngô Quyền (a ward of Sơn Tây, Hanoi, Vietnam)

Ngô Quyền (a ward of Bắc Giang city, Bắc Giang province, Vietnam)

Ngô Quyền (a ward of Nam Định city, Nam Định province, Vietnam)

Ngô Quyền (a ward of Vĩnh Yên, Vĩnh Phúc, Vietnam)

Ngô Quyền (a commune of Thanh Miện district, Hải Dương, Vietnam)

Ngô Quyền (a commune of Tiên Lữ district, Hưng Yên, Vietnam)


An Dương

[ʔaːn˧˧ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 安陽, composed of 安 and 陽.

An Dương (a rural district of Haiphong, Vietnam)

An Dương (a ward of Lê Chân district, Haiphong, Vietnam)

An Dương (a township, the capital of An Dương district, Haiphong, Vietnam)

An Dương (a commune of Tân Yên district, Bắc Giang, Vietnam)

Anyang (a prefecture-level city in Henan, China)

Anyang (a county of Anyang, Henan, China)


An Lão

[ʔaːn˧˧ laːw˦ˀ˥]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ laːw˧˨]

[ʔaːŋ˧˧ laːw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 安老, composed of 安 and 老.

An Lão (a rural district of Haiphong, Vietnam).

An Lão (a district of Bình Định, Vietnam).

An Lão (a township, the capital of An Lão district, Haiphong, Vietnam).

An Lão (a township, the capital of An Lão district, Bình Định, Vietnam).

An Lão (a commune of Bình Lục district, Hà Nam, Vietnam).

Menzies Reef (a coral reef of the Loaita Bank, Spratly Islands, South China Sea, Pacific Ocean).


吳權

chữ Hán form of Ngô Quyền (“Ngô Quyền”).


Nghĩa dũng quân tiến hành khúc

[ŋiə˦ˀ˥ zʊwŋ͡m˦ˀ˥ kwən˧˧ tiən˧˦ hajŋ̟˨˩ xʊwk͡p̚˧˦]

[ŋiə˧˨ jʊwŋ͡m˧˨ kwəŋ˧˧ tiəŋ˦˧˥ hɛɲ˦˩ kʰʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[ŋiə˧˨ jʊwŋ͡m˧˨ kwəŋ˧˧ tiəŋ˦˧˥ hɛɲ˦˩ xʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[ŋiə˨˩˦ jʊwŋ͡m˨˩˦ wəŋ˧˧ tiəŋ˦˥ han˨˩ kʰʊwk͡p̚˦˥]

[ŋiə˨˩˦ jʊwŋ͡m˨˩˦ wəŋ˧˧ tiəŋ˦˥ han˨˩ xʊwk͡p̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 義勇軍 (“volunteer army”) and 進行曲 (“march”).

March of the Volunteers, the national anthem of China


Đảng Cộng sản Trung Quốc

[ʔɗaːŋ˧˩ kəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ saːn˧˩ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧ kuək̚˧˦]

[ʔɗaːŋ˧˨ kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ ʂaːŋ˧˨ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ kuək̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗaːŋ˧˨ kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ saːŋ˧˨ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ kuək̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗaːŋ˨˩˦ kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ ʂaːŋ˨˩˦ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ wək̚˦˥]

[ʔɗaːŋ˨˩˦ kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ saːŋ˨˩˦ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧ wək̚˦˥]

From đảng cộng sản (“communist party”) + Trung Quốc (“China”).

af

Communist Party of China
Communist Party of China


Lá cờ lấp lánh ánh sao

[laː˧˦ kəː˨˩ ləp̚˧˦ lajŋ̟˧˦ ʔajŋ̟˧˦ saːw˧˧]

[laː˨˩˦ kəː˦˩ ləp̚˦˧˥ lɛɲ˦˧˥ ʔɛɲ˦˧˥ ʂaːw˧˧]

[laː˨˩˦ kəː˦˩ ləp̚˦˧˥ lɛɲ˦˧˥ ʔɛɲ˦˧˥ saːw˧˧]

[laː˦˥ kəː˨˩ ləp̚˦˥ lan˦˥ ʔan˦˥ ʂaːw˧˧]

[laː˦˥ kəː˨˩ ləp̚˦˥ lan˦˥ ʔan˦˥ saːw˧˧]

lá cờ (“flag; banner”) + lấp lánh (“to sparkle; to twinkle”) + ánh sao (“starlight”).

com

The Star-Spangled Banner, the national anthem of the United States


Tây Bắc Bộ

[təj˧˧ ʔɓak̚˧˦ ʔɓo˧˨ʔ]

[təj˧˧ ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ ʔɓow˨˩ʔ]

[təj˧˧ ʔɓak̚˦˥ ʔɓow˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 西北部, composed of 西 (“west”) and 北部 (“Northern Vietnam”).


Đông Bắc Bộ

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓak̚˧˦ ʔɓo˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ ʔɓow˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓak̚˦˥ ʔɓow˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 東 (“east”) and 北部 (“Northern Vietnam”).


đồng bằng Sông Hồng

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓaŋ˨˩ səwŋ͡m˧˧ həwŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɓaŋ˦˩ ʂəwŋ͡m˧˧ həwŋ͡m˦˩]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɓaŋ˦˩ səwŋ͡m˧˧ həwŋ͡m˦˩]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓaŋ˨˩ ʂəwŋ͡m˧˧ həwŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓaŋ˨˩ səwŋ͡m˧˧ həwŋ͡m˨˩]

đồng bằng (“delta”) + Sông Hồng (“the Red River”).

com

the Red River Delta (a region of Vietnam)


Đông Nam Bộ

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ naːm˧˧ ʔɓo˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ naːm˧˧ ʔɓow˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ naːm˧˧ ʔɓow˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 東 (“east”) and 南部 (“Southern Vietnam”).

vi-etym-sino

(formal) Southeast Vietnam (a region of Vietnam)


đảo Anh

[ʔɗaːw˧˩ ʔajŋ̟˧˧]

[ʔɗaːw˧˨ ʔɛɲ˧˧]

[ʔɗaːw˨˩˦ ʔan˧˧]

Great Britain (an island in Western Europe)


Phố Mới

[fo˧˦ məːj˧˦]

[fow˨˩˦ məːj˨˩˦]

phố (“town”) + mới (“new”). Might be influenced by Chinese 新加坡 (Xīnjiāpō)

Mười giờ tối, mười hai ghé lợi,
Đất Malais, Phố-mới cù lao.
Anglais mua đó đã lâu,
Hồi vua Minh-mạng năm đầu lên ngôi.

1889, Trương Minh Ký, Như Tây nhựt trình:

At 10 P.M., [February] 12th, we reached,
The land of the Malays [Malaya] and the island of Singapore.
The English bought these places long ago,
During the first years of the reign of Minh Mạng.


Thiên Ma

[tʰiən˧˧ maː˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ maː˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ maː˧˧]


亞綿

(Christianity) Nôm form of a men (“amen”).


𠊛越

Nôm form of người Việt (“Vietnamese people”).


雄王

chữ Hán form of Hùng Vương (“Hùng king”).


Hùng Vương

[hʊwŋ͡m˨˩ vɨəŋ˧˧]

[hʊwŋ͡m˦˩ vɨəŋ˧˧]

[hʊwŋ͡m˨˩ vɨəŋ˧˧]

[hʊwŋ͡m˨˩ jɨəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 雄王, composed of 雄 (“grand”) and 王 (“king”).


Mậu Thìn

[məw˧˨ʔ tʰin˨˩]

[məw˨˩ʔ tʰin˦˩]

[məw˨˩˨ tʰɨn˨˩]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 戊辰 (SV: Mậu Thần).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Mậu Thần</i>

vi-etym-sino

Chiến tranh Mậu Thìn

a lunar year according to the sexagenary cycle


Tổ chức Y tế Thế giới

[to˧˩ t͡ɕɨk̚˧˦ ʔi˧˧ te˧˦ tʰe˧˦ zəːj˧˦]

[tow˧˨ t͡ɕɨk̚˦˧˥ ʔɪj˧˧ tej˨˩˦ tʰej˨˩˦ jəːj˨˩˦]

[tow˨˩˦ cɨk̚˦˥ ʔɪj˧˧ tej˦˥ tʰej˦˥ jəːj˦˥]

tổ chức (“organization”) + y tế (“health care”) + thế giới (“world”).

com

World Health Organization
World Health Organization


Tua Rua

[tuə˧˧ zuə˧˧]

[tuə˧˧ ʐuə˧˧]

[tuə˧˧ ɹuə˧˧]


Trường Thạnh

[t͡ɕɨəŋ˨˩ tʰajŋ̟˧˨ʔ]

[ʈɨəŋ˦˩ tʰɛɲ˨˩ʔ]

[ʈɨəŋ˨˩ tʰan˨˩˨]

A ward of Thủ Đức, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam


Trường Thành

[t͡ɕɨəŋ˨˩ tʰajŋ̟˨˩]

[ʈɨəŋ˦˩ tʰɛɲ˦˩]

[ʈɨəŋ˨˩ tʰan˨˩]

From trường thành, Sino-Vietnamese word from 長城.

A commune of Thới Lai district, Cần Thơ, Vietnam

A commune of An Lão district, Haiphong, Vietnam

(historical) A commune of Thanh Hà district, Hải Dương, Vietnam, in present-day Thanh Quang commune


Ki-tô

Clipping of Ki-ri-xi-tô. Compare Mandarin 基督 (Jīdū, Cơ Đốc).

cog

Jīdū, <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Cơ Đốc</i>

Đức (Giê-su) Ki-tô


Xuất hành

[swət̚˧˦ hajŋ̟˨˩]

[swək̚˦˧˥ hɛɲ˦˩]

[s⁽ʷ⁾ək̚˦˥ han˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 出行 (“departure”).

vi-etym-sino

Sách Xuất hành


Xuất Ê-díp-tô Ký

Due to the uncanny resemblance, as well as the peculiarly Japanese-sounding name for Egypt, perhaps calque of Japanese 出エジプト記 (Shutsu-Ejiputo-ki, literally “Chronicle of the Departure from Egypt”). Compare Chinese 出埃及記／出埃及记 (Xuất Ai Cập kí) and Korean 출애굽기 (Churaegupgi). Most proper names in the Vietnamese Protestant translation of the Bible were derived from French, however, the French title French livre de l’Exode seems implausible here since Exode only biblically implies "departure from Egypt", compared to the Catholic title Xuất hành which is more general. Ê-díp-tô could also be from Portuguese "Egito", as there are many Catholic transliterations from Portuguese, for example, 基移吹蘇 Kirixitô for Portuguese rendition of Christ 'Christo' in Catholic chữ Nôm texts.

cal

(Protestantism) Synonym of Xuất hành (“Exodus”)


Ma-ca-bê

[maː˧˧ kaː˧˧ ʔɓe˧˧]

[maː˧˧ kaː˧˧ ʔɓej˧˧]

[maː˧˧ kaː˧˧ ʔɓej˧˧]


Ru-tơ

[zu˧˧ təː˧˧]

[ʐʊw˧˧ təː˧˧]

[ɹʊw˧˧ təː˧˧]

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Rút (“Ruth”)


Nơ-khe-mi-a

[nəː˧˧ xɛ˧˧ mi˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[nəː˧˧ kʰɛ˧˧ mɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[nəː˧˧ xɛ˧˧ mɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[nəː˧˧ kʰɛ˧˧ mɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[nəː˧˧ xɛ˧˧ mɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]


Lê-vi

Sách Lê-vi / Lê-vi Ký
Leviticus


Ê-dê-ki-en

[ʔe˧˧ ze˧˧ ki˧˧ ʔɛn˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ jej˧˧ kɪj˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ jej˧˧ kɪj˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]


Ê-xơ-tê

[ʔe˧˧ səː˧˧ te˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ səː˧˧ tej˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ səː˧˧ tej˧˧]

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Ét-te (“Esther”)


I-sai-a

[ʔi˧˧ saːj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ʂaːj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ saːj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ʂaːj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ saːj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]


Tô-bi-a

[to˧˧ ʔɓi˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[tow˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[tow˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]


Sa-mu-ên

[saː˧˧ mu˧˧ ʔen˧˧]

[ʂaː˧˧ mʊw˧˧ ʔen˧˧]

[saː˧˧ mʊw˧˧ ʔen˧˧]

[ʂaː˧˧ mʊw˧˧ ʔəːn˧˧]

[saː˧˧ mʊw˧˧ ʔəːn˧˧]

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Sa-mu-en (“Samuel”)


Đa-ni-ên

[ʔɗaː˧˧ ni˧˧ ʔen˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔen˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔəːn˧˧]

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Đa-ni-en (“Daniel”)


Giô-en

[zo˧˧ ʔɛn˧˧]

[jow˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]

[jow˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]


Ê-sai

[ʔe˧˧ saːj˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ ʂaːj˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ ʂaːj˧˧]

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of I-sai-a (“Isaiah”)


Giô-ên

[jow˧˧ ʔəːn˧˧]

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Giô-en (“Joel”)


Giu-đi-tha

[zu˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧ tʰaː˧˧]

[jʊw˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧ tʰaː˧˧]

[jʊw˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧ tʰaː˧˧]


Ê-xê-chi-ên

[ʔe˧˧ se˧˧ t͡ɕi˧˧ ʔen˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ sej˧˧ t͡ɕɪj˧˧ ʔen˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ sej˧˧ cɪj˧˧ ʔəːn˧˧]

Partial orthographic borrowing from French Ézéchiel. The is hard in French.

obor

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Ê-dê-ki-en (“Ezekiel”)


E-xơ-ra

[ʔɛ˧˧ səː˧˧ zaː˧˧]

[ʔɛ˧˧ səː˧˧ ʐaː˧˧]

[ʔɛ˧˧ səː˧˧ ɹaː˧˧]

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Ét-ra (“Ezra; Esdras”)


Giê-rê-mi

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Giê-rê-mi-a (“Jeremiah; Jeremy”)


Ô-sê

[ʔow˧˧ ʂej˧˧]

[ʔow˧˧ ʂej˧˧]

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Hô-sê (“Hosea”)


Giê-rê-mi-a

[ze˧˧ ze˧˧ mi˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[jej˧˧ ʐej˧˧ mɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[jej˧˧ ɹej˧˧ mɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

(biblical, Catholicism) Jeremiah; Jeremy


Ét-ra

[ʔɛt̚˧˦ zaː˧˧]

[ʔɛt̚˦˧˥ ʐaː˧˧]

[ʔɛk̚˦˥ ɹaː˧˧]


A-mốt

[ʔaː˧˧ mot̚˧˦]

[ʔaː˧˧ mok̚˦˧˥]

[ʔaː˧˧ mok̚˦˥]


Đa-ni-en

[ʔɗaː˧˧ ni˧˧ ʔɛn˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]


Nê-hê-mi

Borrowed from French Néhémie. As with other French words with a mute h, the h is "unmuted", making this also a partial orthographic borrowing from French.

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Nơ-khe-mi-a (“Nehemiah”)


Ô-va-đi-a

[ʔo˧˧ vaː˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔow˧˧ vaː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔow˧˧ vaː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[ʔow˧˧ jaː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]


Mi-kha

[mɪj˧˧ kʰaː˧˧]

[mɪj˧˧ xaː˧˧]

[mɪj˧˧ kʰaː˧˧]

[mɪj˧˧ xaː˧˧]


Giô-suê

[jow˧˧ ʂ⁽ʷ⁾ej˧˧]

Partial orthographic borrowing from Italian Giosuè, French Josué or Portuguese Josué.


Áp-đia

[ʔaːp̚˧˦ ʔɗiə˧˧]

[ʔaːp̚˦˧˥ ʔɗiə˧˧]

[ʔaːp̚˦˥ ʔɗiə˧˧]

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Ô-va-đi-a (“Obadiah; Abdias”)


Sa-mu-en

[saː˧˧ mu˧˧ ʔɛn˧˧]

[ʂaː˧˧ mʊw˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]

[saː˧˧ mʊw˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]

[ʂaː˧˧ mʊw˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]

[saː˧˧ mʊw˧˧ ʔɛŋ˧˧]


Xô-phô-ni-a

[so˧˧ fo˧˧ ni˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[sow˧˧ fow˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[sow˧˧ fow˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

Borrowed from Hebrew צְפַנְיָה (ts'fanyá).


Na-khum

[naː˧˧ kʰʊm˧˧]

[naː˧˧ xʊm˧˧]


Khác-gai

[xaːk̚˧˦ ɣaːj˧˧]

[kʰaːk̚˦˧˥ ɣaːj˧˧]

[xaːk̚˦˧˥ ɣaːj˧˧]

[kʰaːk̚˦˥ ɣaːj˧˧]

[xaːk̚˦˥ ɣaːj˧˧]

Borrowed from Biblical Hebrew חַגַּי (khagáy).


Tê-sa-lô-ni-ca

(Protestantism) Alternative form of Thê-xa-lô-ni-ca (“Thessaloniki”)


Tít

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Ti-tô (“Titus”)


Mi-chê

[mi˧˧ t͡ɕe˧˧]

[mɪj˧˧ t͡ɕej˧˧]

Borrowed from French Michée. The represents a postalveolar fricative [ʃ] in modern French, meaning this is partially an orthographic borrowing from French, used probably because <s> is already reserved for the French alveolar fricative [s].

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Mi-kha (“Micah”)


Ga-lát

(Catholicism) Alternative form of Ga-la-ti (“Galatia”)


Ma-la-khi

[maː˧˧ laː˧˧ xi˧˧]

[maː˧˧ laː˧˧ kʰɪj˧˧]

[maː˧˧ laː˧˧ xɪj˧˧]

[maː˧˧ laː˧˧ kʰɪj˧˧]

[maː˧˧ laː˧˧ xɪj˧˧]


Mát-thêu

[maːk̚˦˧˥ tʰew˧˧]


Na-hum

[naː˧˧ hʊm˧˧]

Borrowed from French Nahum. As with other French words with a mute h, the h is "unmuted", making this also a partial orthographic borrowing from French.

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Na-khum (“Nahum”)


Ma-thi-ơ

[maː˧˧ tʰi˧˧ ʔəː˧˧]

[maː˧˧ tʰɪj˧˧ ʔəː˧˧]

[maː˧˧ tʰɪj˧˧ ʔəː˧˧]

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Mát-thêu (“Matthew”)


Ê-phê-sô

(Protestantism) Alternative form of Ê-phê-xô (“Ephesus”)


Thê-xa-lô-ni-ca

Portuguese Tessalónica or directly a learned borrowing from Latin Thessalonica


Ti-mô-thê

Borrowed from French and partial orthographic borrowing from French Timothée

obor

Thư 1/2 gửi ông Ti-mô-thê


Cô-rin-tô

Thư 1/2 gửi tín hữu Cô-rin-tô

The First/Second Epistle to the Corinthians

(Catholicism) Alternative form of Cô-ranh-tơ (“Corinth (a city in Greece)”)


Giê-hô-va

French Jéhovah, with the unmuted, therefore a partial orthographic borrowing from French.

Đức Giê-hô-va

Nhân chứng Giê-hô-va

Ta là Giê-hô-va Đức Chúa Trời ngươi, đã rút ngươi ra khỏi xứ Ê-díp-tô, là nhà nô-lệ.

1925, “Xuất Ê-díp-tô Ký 20 [Exodus 20]”, in Kinh Thánh [The Holy Bible]:

I am Jehovah your God who liberated you from the land of Egypt, the house of slavery.

(biblical, Protestantism, Jehovah's Witnesses) Jehovah


Gio-an

[zɔ˧˧ ʔaːn˧˧]

[jɔ˧˧ ʔaːŋ˧˧]

[jɔ˧˧ ʔaːŋ˧˧]


A-ghê

[ʔaː˧˧ ɣe˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ɣej˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ɣej˧˧]

Borrowed from French Aggée. Apparently a partial orthographic borrowing from French, since the in French is soft, while the Vietnamese is hard.

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Khác-gai (“Haggai”)


Da-ca-ri-a

[zaː˧˧ kaː˧˧ zi˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[jaː˧˧ kaː˧˧ ʐɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

[jaː˧˧ kaː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔaː˧˧]

bor

Hebrew זְכַרְיָה

(biblical, Catholicism) Zechariah; Zacharias; Zachary


Cô-rinh-tô

Thơ thứ nhứt/hai của Phao-lô gởi cho người Cô-rinh-tô

The First/Second of Epistle of Paul to the Corinthians

(Protestantism) Alternative form of Cô-ranh-tơ (“Corinth (a city in Greece)”)


Ha-ba-cúc

[haː˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ kʊwk͡p̚˧˦]

[haː˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ kʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[haː˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ kʊwk͡p̚˦˥]

French Habacuc. As with other French words with a mute h, the h is "unmuted", making this also a partial orthographic borrowing from French.

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Kha-ba-cúc (“Habakkuk”)


Xa-cha-ri

[saː˧˧ t͡ɕaː˧˧ zi˧˧]

[saː˧˧ t͡ɕaː˧˧ ʐɪj˧˧]

[saː˧˧ caː˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧]

Borrowed from French Zacharie. The represents a hard [k] in French, meaning this is a partial orthographic borrowing from French.

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Da-ca-ri-a (“Zechariah; Zacharias; Zachary”)


Ma-la-chi

[maː˧˧ laː˧˧ t͡ɕi˧˧]

[maː˧˧ laː˧˧ t͡ɕɪj˧˧]

[maː˧˧ laː˧˧ cɪj˧˧]

Borrowed from French Malachie. The represents a hard [k] in French, meaning this is a partial orthographic borrowing from French.

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Ma-la-khi (“Malachi”)


Giu-đa Ích-ca-ri-ốt

Giu-đa Ít-ca-ri-ốt
Giu-đa Ít-ca-ri-ốt#Vietnamese

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Giu-đa Ít-ca-ri-ốt (“Judas Iscariot”)


Ê-díp-tô

[ʔe˧˧ zip̚˧˦ to˧˧]

Given the uncanny resemblance of the Vietnamese Protestant title of Exodus, Xuất Ê-díp-tô Ký, to its Japanese counterpart, perhaps from Japanese エジプト (Ejiputo), from English Egypt. Most proper names in the Vietnamese Protestant translation of the Bible were derived from French, however, French Égypte seems implausible here given the final <ô>.

1925, “Xuất Ê-díp-tô Ký 20 [Exodus 20]”, in Kinh Thánh [the Holy Bible]:

(Protestantism) Synonym of Ai Cập (“Egypt”) (the land itself; compare Mích-ra-im (“Mizraim/Egypt”, one of Ham's sons))


Na-da-rét

Người sẽ được gọi là người Na-da-rét.
He shall be called a Nazarene/Nazorean.


Giu-đe

Borrowed from French and partial orthographic borrowing from French Jude, with the pronounced as a tense front vowel rather than a schwa or a silent letter. Doublet of Giu-đa (“Judas”).

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Giu-đa (“Jude”)


Na-xa-rét

Người ta sẽ gọi Ngài là người Na-xa-rét.

(Protestantism) Alternative form of Na-da-rét (“Nazareth (a city in Israel)”)


Gia-cốp

French Jacob. Doublet of Gia-cơ (“James”).

Y-sác yêu Ê-sau, vì người có tánh ưa ăn thịt rừng; nhưng Rê-bê-ca lại yêu Gia-cốp.

1925, “Sáng-thế Ký 25 [Genesis 25]”, in Kinh Thánh [The Holy Bible]:

Isaac loved Esau, for he had a taste for game meat; but Rebecca loved Jacob.

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Gia-cóp (“Jacob”)


Gia-cô-bê

Italian Giacobbe (“Jacob”). Doublet of Gia-cóp (“Jacob”). Compare Italian Giacomo (“James”).

Thư của Thánh Gia-cô-bê


Phi-e-rơ

Khi Ngài đang đi dọc theo mé biển Ga-li-lê, thấy hai anh em kia, là Si-môn, cũng gọi là Phi-e-rơ, với em là Anh-rê, đương thả lưới dưới biển, vì hai anh em vốn là người đánh cá.

1925, “Ma-thi-ơ 4 [Matthew 4]”, in Kinh Thánh [The Holy Bible]:

When he was walking along the coast of Galilee, he saw two brothers, Simon also called Peter, and Andrew, who were casting a net in the sea, for they were fishermen.

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Phê-rô (“Peter”)


Phê-rô

Người đang đi dọc theo biển hồ Ga-li-lê, thì thấy hai anh em kia, là ông Si-môn, cũng gọi là Phê-rô, và người anh là ông An-rê, đang quăng chài xuống biển, vì các ông làm nghề đánh cá.

(Can we date this quote?), “Tin Mừng theo Thánh Mát-thêu 4 [The Gospel According to Saint Matthew 4]”, in Kinh Thánh [The Holy Bible]:

He was walking along the Sea of Galilee, and he saw two brothers, Simon also called Peter, and Andrew, who were casting a net in the sea, for they were fishermen.


Gia-cóp

French Jacob. Doublet of Gia-cô-bê (“James”).

Ông I-xa-ác thương Ê-xau vì ông thích ăn thịt rừng, còn bà Rê-bê-ca thì thương Gia-cóp.

(Can we date this quote?), “Sách Sáng Thế 25 [The Book of Genesis 25]”, in Kinh Thánh [The Holy Bible]:

Isaac loved Esau for he liked game meat, while Rebecca loved Jacob.


Ít-ra-en

con cái Ít-ra-en

(literally, “the descendants of Israel”)

Thiên Chúa phán với ông: “Tên ngươi là Gia-cóp nhưng người ta sẽ không gọi ngươi là Gia-cóp nữa, mà tên ngươi sẽ là Ít-ra-en.” Và Người đặt tên cho ông là Ít-ra-en.

The Lord told him, "Your name is Jacob, but I shall call you Jacob no more, your name shall be Israel." And so He named him Israel.

(biblical, Catholicism) Alternative form of I-xra-en (“Israel”)


Y-sơ-ra-ên

[ʔi˧˧ səː˧˧ zaː˧˧ ʔen˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ʂəː˧˧ ʐaː˧˧ ʔen˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ səː˧˧ ʐaː˧˧ ʔen˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ʂəː˧˧ ɹaː˧˧ ʔəːn˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ səː˧˧ ɹaː˧˧ ʔəːn˧˧]

[...] và phán rằng: Tên ngươi là Gia-cốp, sau nầy sẽ chẳng gọi Gia-cốp nữa, nhưng sẽ đặt là Y-sơ-ra-ên. Rồi Ngài đặt tên người là Y-sơ-ra-ên.

… and told him, "You are Jacob, I shall call you Jacob no more, I shall call you Israel." And so He named him Israel.

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of I-xra-en (“Israel”)


Phi-líp-phê

Sau đây là tên của mười hai Tông Đồ: đứng đầu là ông Si-môn, cũng gọi là Phê-rô, rồi đến ông An-rê, anh của ông; sau đó là ông Gia-cô-bê con ông Dê-bê-đê và ông Gio-an, em của ông; ông Phi-líp-phê và ông Ba-tô-lô-mê-ô; ông Tô-ma và ông Mát-thêu người thu thuế; ông Gia-cô-bê con ông An-phê và ông Ta-đê-ô; ông Si-môn thuộc nhóm Quá Khích, và ông Giu-đa Ít-ca-ri-ốt, là chính kẻ nộp Người.

(Can we date this quote?), “Tin Mừng theo Thánh Mát-thêu 10 [The Gospel According to Saint Matthew 10]”, in Kinh Thánh [The Holy Bible]:

The following are the names of the twelve Apostles: first comes Simon, also called Peter, then Andrew, his elder brother; next is James, son of Zebedee, and John, his younger brother; Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas and Matthew the tax collector; James, son of Alpheus, and Thaddeus; Simon of the Zealots, and Judas Iscariot, who betrayed Him.


Mô-sê

Ông Mô-sê nói với họ: “Sao anh em lại để cho cả bọn đàn bà này sống? Chính bọn chúng đã nghe lời Bi-lơ-am, mà lôi cuốn con cái Ít-ra-en phạm tội bất trung với ĐỨC CHÚA trong vụ Pơ-o, nên tai họa đã giáng xuống cộng đồng của ĐỨC CHÚA. Vậy bây giờ, hãy giết hết các con trai, cũng như mọi phụ nữ đã biết đến việc vợ chồng, đã ăn ở với đàn ông. Còn mọi con gái nhỏ tuổi chưa ăn ở với đàn ông, thì hãy để cho chúng sống và thuộc về anh em.

(Can we date this quote?), “Sách Dân Số 31 [The Book of Numbers 31]”, in Kinh Thánh [The Holy Bible]:

Moses told them, "Why did you let these women live? They listened to Balaam, induced Israelites to commit treason against the LORD in the Peor incident, so that calamity was inflicted on the LORD's people. So now, kill all the boys as well as the women who have slept with a man. As for the young girls who have not slept with a man, save them for yourselves.


Cô-lô-se

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Cô-lô-xê (“Colossae”)


Môi-se

Borrowed from French and partial orthographic borrowing from French Moïse, with the French letter pronounced as a tense front vowel rather than a schwa or a silent letter, and the French letter <s> irregularly transliterated as <s> (the French consonant [z] is Protestantly regularly transcribed as ).

obor

Môi-se nói cùng họ rằng: Các ngươi để hết thảy người nữ còn sống sao? Kìa, ấy là chúng nó theo mưu kế của Ba-la-am mà dụ dỗ dân Y-sơ-ra-ên cúng thờ Phê-ô, và phạm một tội trọng cùng Đức Giê-hô-va; và tội đó xui cho hội chúng của Đức Giê-hô-va bị tai vạ. Vậy bây giờ, hãy giết hết thảy nam đinh trong bọn con trẻ, và giết người nữ nào đã kết bạn cùng một người nam; nhưng hãy để sống cho các ngươi hết thảy con gái chưa hề kết bạn cùng người nam.

1925, “Dân-số Ký 31 [Numbers 1]”, in Kinh Thánh [The Holy Bible]:

Moses told them, "Have you let all the women live? Look, they were the ones who followed Balaam's conspiracy and induced Israelites to worship Peor, and committed a sin against Jehovah; and that sin caused calamity on Jehovah's people. So now, kill all the males among the children, and kill all the women who have slept with a man; but save yourselves all the girls who have never slept with a man."

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Mô-sê (“Moses”)


Gia-cơ

French Jacques. Doublet of Gia-cốp (“Jacob”).

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Gia-cô-bê (“James”)


Ma-ri

Ma-ri Quy-ri

A transliteration of the French female given name Marie

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Ma-ri-a (“Mary”)


Kha-ba-cúc

[xaː˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ kʊwk͡p̚˧˦]

[kʰaː˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ kʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[xaː˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ kʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[kʰaː˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ kʊwk͡p̚˦˥]

[xaː˧˧ ʔɓaː˧˧ kʊwk͡p̚˦˥]

Borrowed from Biblical Hebrew חֲבַקּוּק (khavakúk).


Giô-sép

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Giu-se (“Joseph”)


Hê-bơ-rơ

French hébreu (adjective), Hébreu (noun). As with other French words with a mute h, the h is "unmuted", making this also a partial orthographic borrowing from French.


Phi-líp

Tên mười hai sứ đồ như sau nầy: Sứ đồ thứ nhứt là Si-môn, cũng gọi là Phi-e-rơ, và Anh-rê là em người; Gia-cơ con của Xê-bê-đê, và Giăng là em Gia-cơ; Phi-líp cùng Ba-tê-lê-my; Thô-ma, và Ma-thi-ơ là người thâu thuế; Gia-cơ con của A-phê, cùng Tha-đê; Si-môn là người Ca-na-an, cùng Giu-đa Ích-ca-ri-ốt, là kẻ phản Đức Chúa Jêsus.

1925, “Ma-thi-ơ 10 [Matthew 10]”, in Kinh Thánh [The Holy Bible]:

The names of the twelve apostles are as follows: the first apostle is Simon, also called Peter, and Andrew his younger brother; James, son of Zebedee, and John, James's younger brother; Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas, and Matthew the tax collector; James, son of Alpheus, and Thaddeus; Simon the Canaanite, and Judas Iscariot, who betrayed the Lord Jesus.

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Phi-líp-phê (“Philip”)


Phi-líp

(Protestantism) Alternative form of Phi-líp-phê (“Philippi”)


Chúa Trời

[t͡ɕuə˧˦ t͡ɕəːj˨˩]

[t͡ɕuə˨˩˦ ʈəːj˦˩]

[cuə˦˥ ʈəːj˨˩]

From Chúa (“the Lord”) + trời (“heaven”), calque of Chinese 天主 (Thiên Chủ).

Đức Chúa Trời Cha/Mẹ

(secularism or Protestantism) Synonym of Thiên Chúa (“the Lord”)


Sô-phô-ni

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Xô-phô-ni-a (“Zephaniah”)


Hà Đông

Sino-Vietnamese word from 河東 (“to the east of the river”), from Chinese 河東／河东 (Hédōng)

vi-etym-sino

Hedong (a district of Sanya, Shandong, China)

Hedong (a district of Linyi, Shandong, China)


Ét-te

[ʔɛt̚˧˦ tɛ˧˧]

[ʔɛt̚˦˧˥ tɛ˧˧]

[ʔɛk̚˦˥ tɛ˧˧]


Đại Hùng

[ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ hʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ hʊwŋ͡m˦˩]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ hʊwŋ͡m˨˩]


Tiểu Hùng

[tiəw˧˩ hʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

[tiw˨˩˦ hʊwŋ͡m˨˩]


Thiên Long

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ lawŋ͡m˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ lɔŋ˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ lawŋ͡m˧˧]


Ba-la-am

Môi-se nói cùng họ rằng: Các ngươi để hết thảy người nữ còn sống sao? Kìa, ấy là chúng nó theo mưu kế của Ba-la-am mà dụ dỗ dân Y-sơ-ra-ên cúng thờ Phê-ô, và phạm một tội trọng cùng Đức Giê-hô-va; và tội đó xui cho hội chúng của Đức Giê-hô-va bị tai vạ. Vậy bây giờ, hãy giết hết thảy nam đinh trong bọn con trẻ, và giết người nữ nào đã kết bạn cùng một người nam; nhưng hãy để sống cho các ngươi hết thảy con gái chưa hề kết bạn cùng người nam. [...]

Moses told them, "Have you let all the women live? Look, they were the ones who followed Balaam's conspiracy and induced Israelites to worship Peor, and committed a sin against Jehovah; and that sin caused calamity on Jehovah's people. So now, kill all the males among the children, and kill all the women who have slept with a man; but save yourselves all the girls who have never slept with a man. …

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Bi-lơ-am (“Balaam”)


Mít-ra-gim

(biblical, Catholicism) Mizraim; Egypt (one of Ham's sons)


Bi-lơ-am

Hebrew בִּלְעָם

bor

Hebrew בִּלְעָם

Ông Mô-sê nói với họ: “Sao anh em lại để cho cả bọn đàn bà này sống? Chính bọn chúng đã nghe lời Bi-lơ-am, mà lôi cuốn con cái Ít-ra-en phạm tội bất trung với ĐỨC CHÚA trong vụ Pơ-o, nên tai họa đã giáng xuống cộng đồng của ĐỨC CHÚA. Vậy bây giờ, hãy giết hết các con trai, cũng như mọi phụ nữ đã biết đến việc vợ chồng, đã ăn ở với đàn ông. Còn mọi con gái nhỏ tuổi chưa ăn ở với đàn ông, thì hãy để cho chúng sống và thuộc về anh em. [...]

Moses told them, "Why did you let these women live? They listened to Balaam, induced Israelites to commit treason against the LORD in the Peor incident, so that calamity was inflicted on the LORD's people. So now, kill all the boys as well as the women who have slept with a man. As for the young girls who have not slept with a man, save them for yourselves. …


Mích-ra-im

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Mít-ra-gim (“Mizraim; Egypt”) (one of Ham's sons)


Ma-đi-an

Các con của ông Ma-đi-an là: Ê-pha, Ê-phe, Kha-nốc, A-vi-đa, En-đa-a. Tất cả những người ấy là con cháu bà Cơ-tu-ra.

The sons of Midian were: Ephah, Epher, Hanok, Abida, Eldaah. All of them were descendants of Keturah.

Con trai của Ma-đi-an là Ê-pha, Ê-phe, Ha-nóc, A-bi-đa và Ên-đa. Các người trên đây đều là dòng dõi của Kê-tu-ra.

The sons of Midian were Ephah, Epher, Hanok, Abida and Eldaah. The above people were descendants of Keturah


Thần Tài

[tʰən˨˩ taːj˨˩]

[tʰəŋ˦˩ taːj˦˩]

[tʰəŋ˨˩ taːj˨˩]

Partial calque of Chinese 財神／财神 (Tài Thần, “Wealth God”), by reversing the position of the head element, Thần, to conform to native morphology.

pcal

ông Thần Tài

the patron god of wealth, often accompanied by Địa on home altars


Địa

Sino-Vietnamese word from 地 (“Earth”), clipping of thổ địa.

ông Địa

the patron god of land and property, often portrayed as a fat man with an exposed pot belly and accompanied by Thần Tài on home altars


Thái Bạch Kim Tinh

[tʰaːj˧˦ ʔɓajk̟̚˧˨ʔ kim˧˧ tïŋ˧˧]

[tʰaːj˨˩˦ ʔɓat̚˨˩ʔ kim˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[tʰaːj˦˥ ʔɓat̚˨˩˨ kim˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 太白 (“great white; Venus”) and 金星 (“gold star; the Metal Planet; Venus”), from Chinese 太白金星.

vi-etym-sino

A-lô. Thái Bạch Kim Tinh đấy hả ? Ờ. Đây là vấn đề nhạy cảm. Ngọc Hoàng đã chỉ đạo rồi. Phải chờ các Táo đã. Đúng rồi, các Táo biểu quyết thông qua. Phải bí mật đấy nhá.

2016, Táo Quân 2016 [Kitchen Gods 2016], spoken by Nam Tào (Xuân Bắc):

Hello? Is that Taibai Jinxing? Yeah. It's a delicate matter. The Jade Emperor has given instructions. We need to wait for the Kitchen Gods. That's right, they'll be putting on a vote. It's classified.

(Chinese mythology, Taoism) Taibai Jinxing


Ê-đen

[ʔe˧˧ ʔɗɛn˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ ʔɗɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔej˧˧ ʔɗɛŋ˧˧]

vườn Ê-đen


Nam Đẩu

[naːm˧˧ ʔɗəw˧˩]

[naːm˧˧ ʔɗəw˧˨]

[naːm˧˧ ʔɗəw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 南 (“southern”) and 斗 (“dipper”).

Nam Đẩu Tinh quân

Coordinate term: Bắc Đẩu

Nam Đẩu Lục Tinh

a constellation in the southern hemisphere, part of Sagittarius, corresponding to the Big Dipper in the northern hemisphere


Ma Da

[maː˧˧ zaː˧˧]

[maː˧˧ jaː˧˧]

[maː˧˧ jaː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 摩耶, Buddhist Literary Chinese 摩耶, Sanskrit माया (māyā́).

Ma Da Phu nhân

Hoàng hậu Ma Da là mẹ của Thái tử Tất Đạt Đa (tức Đức Phật Thích Ca Mâu Ni sau này). Đức Phật là bậc có phước báu lớn nhất thế gian, không ai sánh bằng; nhưng sau khi sinh Đức Phật được 7 ngày thì mẹ Ngài qua đời.

2023 December 15, “Lý giải về hoàng hậu Ma Da - người mẹ đặc biệt nhất thế gian [Queen Maya, the Most Special Mother in the World, Explained]”, in Phật giáo - Giáo hội Phật giáo Việt Nam [Buddhism - The Vietnam Buddhist Sangha]:

Queen Maya was the mother of Crown Prince Siddhartha (later known as the Buddha Shakyamuni). The Buddha had unrivaled fortune, but His mother died seven days after giving birth to Him.

(Buddhism) Maya (Gautama Buddha's mother)


Côn Minh

[kon˧˧ mïŋ˧˧]

[koŋ˧˧ mɨn˧˧]

[koŋ˧˧ mɨn˧˧]

Kunming (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Yunnan, in southern China)


Quý Dương

[kwi˧˦ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[kwɪj˨˩˦ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[wɪj˦˥ jɨəŋ˧˧]

Guiyang (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Guizhou, in southwestern China)


Tấn Giang

[tən˧˦ zaːŋ˧˧]

[təŋ˦˧˥ jaːŋ˧˧]

[təŋ˦˥ jaːŋ˧˧]

Jinjiang (a county-level city and former county of Quanzhou, Fujian, in southeastern China)


Ma Cao

Macau (a special administrative region of China)


Tam Á

[taːm˧˧ ʔaː˧˦]

[taːm˧˧ ʔaː˨˩˦]

[taːm˧˧ ʔaː˦˥]

Sanya (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Hainan, in southwestern China)


Hạ Môn

[haː˨˩ʔ moŋ˧˧]

[haː˨˩˨ moŋ˧˧]

Xiamen (a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city in Fujian, in southeastern China)


Tân Giới

[tən˧˧ zəːj˧˦]

[təŋ˧˧ jəːj˨˩˦]

[təŋ˧˧ jəːj˦˥]


Phúc Châu

[fʊwk͡p̚˧˦ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[fʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[fʊwk͡p̚˦˥ cəw˧˧]

Fuzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Fujian, in southeastern China)


Đông Hoản

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ hwaːn˧˩]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ hwaːŋ˧˨]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ waːŋ˨˩˦]

Dongguan (a prefecture-level city in Guangdong, in southern China)


Cơ Long

[kəː˧˧ lawŋ͡m˧˧]

[kəː˧˧ lawŋ͡m˧˧]

[kəː˧˧ lɔŋ˧˧]

[kəː˧˧ lawŋ͡m˧˧]


Hoa Liên

[hwaː˧˧ liəŋ˧˧]

[waː˧˧ liəŋ˧˧]


Sán Đầu

[saːn˧˦ ʔɗəw˨˩]

[ʂaːŋ˦˧˥ ʔɗəw˦˩]

[saːŋ˦˧˥ ʔɗəw˦˩]

[ʂaːŋ˦˥ ʔɗəw˨˩]

[saːŋ˦˥ ʔɗəw˨˩]

Shantou (a prefecture-level city in Guangdong, in southern China)


Tân Trúc

[tən˧˧ t͡ɕʊwk͡p̚˧˦]

[təŋ˧˧ ʈʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[təŋ˧˧ ʈʊwk͡p̚˦˥]


Cửu Long

[kɨw˧˨ lɔŋ˧˧]

[kɨw˨˩˦ lawŋ͡m˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 九龍. Literally, “nine dragons”.

the name of the Mekong and its distributaries flowing SE through Vietnam


QĐNDVN

Quân đội nhân dân Việt Nam
w:vi:Quân đội nhân dân Việt Nam

Abbreviation of Quân đội nhân dân Việt Nam (“People's Army of Vietnam”): PAVN


Áp-ra-ham

French Abraham, also a partial orthographic borrowing from French, with the h unmuted.

Thiên hạ chẳng còn gọi ngươi là Áp-ram nữa, nhưng tên ngươi sẽ là Áp-ra-ham, vì ta đặt ngươi làm tổ phụ của nhiều dân tộc.

1925, “Sáng-thế Ký 17 [Genesis 17]”, in Kinh Thánh [The Holy Bible]:

No one shall call you Abram anymore, your name shall be Abraham, for I have made you the patriarch of many tribes.


Pháp hoa

Sino-Vietnamese word from 法 (“law; dharma”) and 華 (“flower”), from Literary Chinese 法華 (literally “The Flower of the Dharma”). Doublet of Pháp-Hoa which uses the exact same characters but with different meanings.

der

Clipping of Pháp hoa kinh (“the Lotus Sutra”).


Pháp Hoa

Alternative letter-case form of Pháp hoa (“the Lotus Sutra”)


Pháp Hoa tông

Sino-Vietnamese word from 法華 (“the Lotus Sutra”) and 宗 (“sect”)

vi-etym-sino

Thiên Thai tông
Thiên Thai tông#Vietnamese

(Buddhism) Synonym of Thiên Thai tông (“the Tiantai sect”)

Nhật Liên tông
Nhật Liên tông#Vietnamese

(Buddhism) Synonym of Nhật Liên tông (“the Nichiren sect”)


Biên Hòa

Traditional tone placement spelling of Biên Hoà.


Xá Lợi Phất

Sino-Vietnamese word from 舍利弗, from Literary Chinese 舍利弗 (Shèlìfú)


Bôn-xơ Phi-lát

Phong-xi-ô Phi-la-tô
Phong-xi-ô Phi-la-tô#Vietnamese

(biblical, Protestantism) Alternative form of Phong-xi-ô Phi-la-tô (“Pontius Pilate”)


Đa-vít

Đây là gia phả Đức Giê-su Ki-tô, con cháu vua Đa-vít, con cháu tổ phụ Áp-ra-ham:

(Can we date this quote?), “Tin Mừng theo Thánh Mát-thêu 1 [The Gospel According to Saint Matthew 1]”, in Kinh Thánh [The Holy Bible]:

This is the genealogy of Jesus Christ, a descendant of King David and the patriarch Abraham:

Gia-phổ Đức Chúa Jêsus-Christ, con cháu Đa-vít và con cháu Áp-ra-ham.

1925, “Ma-thi-ơ 1 [Matthew 1]”, in Kinh Thánh [The Holy Bible]:

The genealogy of the Lord Jesus Christ, a descendant of David and Abraham:


Ki-ri-xi-tô

From Portuguese Cristo. Compare Japanese キリスト (Kirisuto).

(dated, Christianity) Alternative form of Ki-tô (“Christ”)


Giê-su Ki-tô

Giê-su (“Jesus”) + Ki-tô (“Christ”). Compare Italian Gesù Cristo, Mandarin 耶穌基督／耶稣基督 (Yēsū Jīdū, Da Tô Cơ Đốc), Japanese イエス・キリスト (Iesu Kirisuto).

cog

Quả thế, Lề Luật đã được Thiên Chúa ban qua ông Mô-sê, còn ân sủng và sự thật, thì nhờ Đức Giê-su Ki-tô mà có.

(Can we date this quote?), “Tin Mừng theo Thánh Gio-an 1 [The Gospel According to Saint John 1]”, in Kinh Thánh [The Holy Bible]:

Thus, the Law was given by the Lord through Moses, while grace and truth was from Jesus Christ.

(biblical, Catholicism, Jehovah's Witnesses) Jesus Christ


Văn Thù Sư Lợi

Sino-Vietnamese word from 文殊師利, from Literary Chinese 文殊師利 (Wénshūshīlì), transcribed from Sanskrit मञ्जुश्री (mañjuśrī)


Mạn Thù Thất Lợi

Sino-Vietnamese word from 曼殊室利, from Literary Chinese 曼殊室利, transcribed from Sanskrit मञ्जुश्री (mañjuśrī)

Văn Thù Sư Lợi
Văn Thù Sư Lợi#Vietnamese

Alternative form of Văn Thù Sư Lợi (“Manjushri”)