cục tác

[kʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ taːk̚˧˦]

[kʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ taːk̚˦˧˥]

[kʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨ taːk̚˦˥]

From Proto-Vietic *k-taːk, from Proto-Austroasiatic *ktaat (“to cluck”), ultimately onomatopoeic. Cognates within Vietic include Muong [Hoà Bình] kuk⁸ taːk⁷, Tho [Cuối Chăm] kuk⁸ taːk⁷, Chut kutaːk⁷, and Arem kutæːk. Other cognates include Mon ကတတ် (“to cluck, cackle”), Nyah Kur [Northern] kǝták ("cackling (of a hen)"), Khmer ខ្តត (khtɑɑt, “to cluck, cackle”), Bahnar kơtak (“cluck, cackle”), Ngeq katoːc ("to crow; to cackle"), Semai kutok (“to cackle, cluck (of a hen)”), Cua takɔːt ("cackle of chicken").


méo

From Proto-Vietic *ɓɛːwʔ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓiəwʔ (“askew”); cognate with Muong bẻo, Pacoh tarbeau (“deformed, ill-shaped”). Possibly related to vẹo. Compare Zhuang mbeuj.


méo

(onomatopoeia) The cry of a cat when it's scared or in pain; a yowl


quay tay

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-quay tay.wav

(slang) to masturbate, to fap, to jack off


đèn pin

cái (classifier)
chiếc (classifier)
cây (classifier)

[ʔɗɛn˨˩ pin˧˧]

[ʔɗɛŋ˦˩ pin˧˧]

[ʔɗɛŋ˨˩ pɨn˧˧]


kim loại

[kim˧˧ l⁽ʷ⁾aːj˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-kim loại.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 金 (“gold; metal”) and 類 (“kind”), probably a further sinicization of the now obsolete compound loài kim (“metals”).
The Sino-Vietnamese equivalent of Chinese 金屬／金属 (jīnshǔ), Japanese 金属 (kinzoku), Korean 금속 (geumsok), *kim thuộc, is not used.


ụm bò

[ʔum˧˨ʔ ʔɓɔ˨˩]

[ʔum˨˩ʔ ʔɓɔ˦˩]

[ʔʊm˨˩˨ ʔɓɔ˨˩]


bắt cô trói cột

[ʔɓat̚˧˦ ko˧˧ t͡ɕɔj˧˦ kot̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ kow˧˧ ʈɔj˨˩˦ kok̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓak̚˦˥ kow˧˧ ʈɔj˦˥ kok̚˨˩˨]

Onomatopoeic; literally "catch the lady/aunt and tie her to the pillar/column"

(onomatopoeia) The cry of an Indian cuckoo


thuỷ ngân

[tʰwi˧˩ ŋən˧˧]

[tʰwɪj˧˨ ŋəŋ˧˧]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ ŋəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 水銀, composed of 水 (“water”) and 銀 (“silver”), from Chinese 水銀／水银 (shuǐyín).


tử vong

[tɨ˧˩ vawŋ͡m˧˧]

[tɨ˧˨ vawŋ͡m˧˧]

[tɨ˧˨ vɔŋ˧˧]

[tɨ˨˩˦ vawŋ͡m˧˧]

[tɨ˨˩˦ jawŋ͡m˧˧]

Hiện đã có 150 ca tử vong.

(formal, of someone who suffered a deadly disease or injury) to die


cảnh

(music) A traditional Vietnamese cymbal found in chầu văn that is placed on the floor and struck with wooden beaters.


băng hà

[ʔɓaŋ˧˧ haː˨˩]

[ʔɓaŋ˧˧ haː˦˩]

[ʔɓaŋ˧˧ haː˨˩]


kem dâu

[kɛm˧˧ zəw˧˧]

[kɛm˧˧ jəw˧˧]

[kɛm˧˧ jəw˧˧]


thiên hà

[tʰiən˧˧ haː˨˩]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ haː˦˩]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ haː˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 天河 (“Milky Way”).


Ân

Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (266–420)
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Ming dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty

(historical) the State of Yin (a feudal Chinese state during the Western Zhou dynasty (1027–1024 BCE))


cầu vồng

cái (classifier)
cây (classifier)
橋虹 (CJK)

[kəw˨˩ vəwŋ͡m˨˩]

[kəw˦˩ vəwŋ͡m˦˩]

[kəw˨˩ vəwŋ͡m˨˩]

[kəw˨˩ jəwŋ͡m˨˩]

a rainbow (multicoloured arch in the sky)


Minh

(historical) the Ming dynasty (1368–1644 C.E.)


hiđro

[hi˧˧ ʔɗɹo˧˧]

[hi˧˧ ʔɗəː˨˩ ɹo˧˧]

[hi˧˧ ʔɗəː˨˩ zo˧˧]

[hɪj˧˧ ʔɗɹow˧˧]

[hɪj˧˧ ʔɗəː˦˩ ɹow˧˧]

[hɪj˧˧ ʔɗɹow˧˧]

[hɪj˧˧ ʔɗəː˨˩ ɹow˧˧]

From French hydrogène. Compare nitơ (“nitrogen”), oxi (“oxygen”).


Nguyên

(history) Yuan, a Mongolian dynasty (1271–1368 C.E.)


Phúc

[fʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥]


Thanh

(historical) the Qing dynasty (1636–1912 C.E.)


goá

From Middle Vietnamese gŏá, from Proto-Vietic *-kwaːʔ, from Old Chinese 寡 (OC *[C.k]ʷˤraʔ) (B-S) (SV: quả).

goá vợ

goá chồng


hoả táng

[hwaː˧˩ taːŋ˧˦]

[hwaː˧˨ taːŋ˦˧˥]

[waː˨˩˦ taːŋ˦˥]


cậu nhỏ

[kəw˧˨ʔ ɲɔ˧˩]

[kəw˨˩ʔ ɲɔ˧˨]

[kəw˨˩˨ ɲɔ˨˩˦]


sủa

From Proto-Vietic *k-rɔh (“to bark”). Compare Proto-Katuic *kroh (whence Pacoh crouh) and Proto-Palaungic *-rɔːh.
The word might be originally onomatopoeic, although it is no longer so in its modern form.
The similar-looking Mandarin 說／说 (shuō), which means "to speak", is a false cognate.


hi sinh

[hi˧˧ sïŋ˧˧]

[hɪj˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧]

[hɪj˧˧ sɨn˧˧]

[hɪj˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧]

[hɪj˧˧ sɨn˧˧]

Cô ta đã hi sinh vì anh rất nhiều.

sự hi sinh vô ích


người tuyết

[ŋɨəj˨˩ twiət̚˧˦]

[ŋɨj˦˩ twiək̚˦˧˥]

[ŋɨj˨˩ t⁽ʷ⁾iək̚˦˥]


trà đạo

[t͡ɕaː˨˩ ʔɗaːw˧˨ʔ]

[ʈaː˦˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩ʔ]

[ʈaː˨˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 茶道, composed of 茶 (“tea”) and 道 (“way; discipline”), from Japanese 茶道 (sadō, chadō)


mưa phùn

[mɨə˧˧ fun˨˩]

[mɨə˧˧ fun˦˩]

[mɨə˧˧ fʊwŋ͡m˨˩]


đồng tính

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ tïŋ˧˦]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ tɨn˦˧˥]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ tɨn˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-đồng tính.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 同性, composed of 同 (“same”) and 性 (“sex”).


tạc đạn

[taːk̚˧˨ʔ ʔɗaːn˧˨ʔ]

[taːk̚˨˩ʔ ʔɗaːŋ˨˩ʔ]

[taːk̚˨˩˨ ʔɗaːŋ˨˩˨]


Pô-dê-i-đông

[po˧˧ ze˧˧ ʔi˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[pow˧˧ jej˧˧ ʔɪj˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[pow˧˧ jej˧˧ ʔɪj˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]


đĩ

head

妓, 𡚦, 𡛜, 𡜤, 𡞖

đĩ • (妓, 𡚦, 𡛜, 𡜤, 𡞖)

vi-noun

妓, 𡚦, 𡛜, 𡜤, 𡞖

(classifier con, cái) đĩ • (妓, 𡚦, 𡛜, 𡜤, 𡞖)

con (classifier)
cái (classifier)
妓 (CJK)
𡚦 (CJK)
𡛜 (CJK)
𡜤 (CJK)
𡞖 (CJK)

(Northern Vietnam, colloquial, dated) little girl (of a peasant family); baby girl; girlie; kiddy

(Northern Vietnam, colloquial, dated) Name used to call a close peasant friend who has a first-born baby girl.


sát sinh

[saːt̚˧˦ sïŋ˧˧]

[ʂaːk̚˦˧˥ ʂɨn˧˧]

[saːk̚˦˧˥ sɨn˧˧]

[ʂaːk̚˦˥ ʂɨn˧˧]

[saːk̚˦˥ sɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 殺生, composed of 殺 (“to kill”) and 生 (“life”).

vi-etym-sino

(chiefly in Buddhism) the act of killing humans or animals


sát sinh

[saːt̚˧˦ sïŋ˧˧]

[ʂaːk̚˦˧˥ ʂɨn˧˧]

[saːk̚˦˧˥ sɨn˧˧]

[ʂaːk̚˦˥ ʂɨn˧˧]

[saːk̚˦˥ sɨn˧˧]

(chiefly in Buddhism) to kill humans or animals


minh ti

Sino-Vietnamese word from 冥 (“underworld”) and 司 (“department”).

[mïŋ˧˧ ti˧˧]

[mɨn˧˧ tɪj˧˧]

[mɨn˧˧ tɪj˧˧]

Hắn quyết chống chọi với nhà thầy, hiện đã kiện thầy ở Minh ti. Tôi thừa lúc hắn đi vắng nên lén đến đây báo cho nhà thầy biết để mà liệu kế, khỏi phải chết một cách oan uổng.

1952, Nguyễn Dữ, “Chuyện chức phán sự đền Tản Viên [The Story of the Judge at the Tản Viên Temple]”, in Ngô Văn Triện, transl., TRUYỀN-KỲ MẠN-LỤC [THE INFORMAL RECORDS OF STRANGE TALES], volume 1, quoted in NGỮ VĂN 10 NÂNG CAO, translation of 傳奇漫錄:

He's trying to take you down at all costs, and has sued you at the Underworld Department. I surreptitiously came here when he was away to warn you, so that you won't die of unjust cause.

Hơn nữa, lại có lời ghi chú là : « Trạng nguyên Mạc Đĩnh Chi chết xuống Minh ty (tức Âm ty) bảy ngày, thấy cảnh các địa ngục; sau được sống lại, làm bài phú dạy con ».

1978, Đinh Gia Khánh with Bùi Duy Tân and Mai Cao Chương, VĂN HỌC VIỆT NAM THẾ KỶ THỨ X ĐẾN NỬA ĐẦU THẾ KỶ THỨ XVII [VIETNAMESE LITERATURE FROM THE 10TH CENTURY TO THE EARLY 17TH CENTURY], Nhà xuất bản Đại học và Trung học Chuyên nghiệp:

There is also a note, “Zhuangyuan Mạc Đĩnh Chi descended to the Underworld Department seven days after he died and had a good view of the hells; when he was resurrected, he made a fu to teach his child.”

Năm giác quan dần dần dần liệt hoại, ôm căm hờn xuống tận minh ty, mối thù này muôn thuở còn ghi, lòng hận ấy nghìn năm khôn cởi.

2001, Phạm Gia Tín with Trần Hoàn and Toàn Minh, SÁNG TÁC VĂN NGHỆ Khu Tả Ngạn sông Hồng (1950-1955) [LITERARY WORKS on the Right Bank of the Red River (1950-1955)], page 60:

The five senses waste away, as one carries their resentment all the way to Hades, this hatred forever etched, that loathing shall never wear off.

Đáp xong lại kể chuyện mình đã nhận chức quan lớn dưới Minh Ty. Nghĩ đến tình giao du thân ái ngày xưa mới tìm thăm bạn.

2003, Hư Chu, NAM HẢI TRUYỀN KỲ [LEGEND OF THE SOUTHERN SEA], Nhà xuất bản Thuận Hoá:

He then told the story of how he got an important post in the Underworld Department. He only looked for his friend because he had reminisced about their earlier friendship.

(rare, fiction) Synonym of âm ti (“Yama's underworld department”)


suối vàng

[suəj˧˦ vaːŋ˨˩]

[ʂuj˨˩˦ vaːŋ˦˩]

[suj˨˩˦ vaːŋ˦˩]

[ʂuj˦˥ vaːŋ˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-suối vàng.wav

suối (“spring; stream”) + vàng (“yellow”), calque of Chinese 黃泉／黄泉 (hoàng tuyền)

cal

<i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">hoàng tuyền</i>

xuống suối vàng

Mày mà cứ thối thây thế này cả đời thì tao có xuống suối vàng cũng không nhắm mắt nổi.

I'll never be able to die with my eyes closed if you just keep being a worthless ass like this for all your life.


bạch kim

[ʔɓajk̟̚˧˨ʔ kim˧˧]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩ʔ kim˧˧]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩˨ kim˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 白金, composed of 白 (“white”) and 金 (“gold; metal”), from Japanese 白金 (hakkin). Compare Chinese 鉑／铂 (bạc) which is composed of 金 (kim, chemical radical for metallic elements) + 白 (bạch).

cog

<i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">bạc</i>


bazơ

[ʔɓaː˧˧ zəː˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ zəː˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ jəː˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ zəː˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ jəː˧˧]


kiềm

alkaline earth metal
alkaline earth metal

(chất ～) (inorganic chemistry) a base of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal


Diêm Vương tinh

[ziəm˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧ tïŋ˧˧]

[jiəm˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[jim˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[jim˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 閻王星, composed of 閻王 (“King Yama”) and 星 (“star”), from Chinese 閻王星／阎王星 (Yánwángxīng), calque of Japanese 冥王星 (Meiōsei, Minh Vương tinh), coined by replacing the rather obscure 冥王 (Meiō, Minh Vương, “Netherking”, i.e. Pluto) with the better known 閻王／阎王 (Diêm Vương).

cal

(formal, rare) Pluto (Kuiper belt object - a dwarf planet)

Yama#Yama in Chinese, Korean, and Japanese mythology


bóc tem

[ʔɓawk͡p̚˧˦ tɛm˧˧]

[ʔɓawk͡p̚˦˧˥ tɛm˧˧]

[ʔɓawk͡p̚˦˥ tɛm˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-bóc tem.wav

Thằng đó hên thiệt! Hè này tao cũng phải bóc tem mới được!

What a lucky bastard! I gotta lose my virginity this summer too!

(slang, figurative, of a boy or man) to have sex for the first time; to lose virginity


quan tài

[waːŋ˧˧ taːj˨˩]


thiên đường

[tʰiən˧˧ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ ʔɗɨəŋ˦˩]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 天堂, composed of 天 (“sky”) and 堂 (“hall”).

vi-etym-sino

lên thiên đường

Để được bay mãi lên thiên đường,
Một thiên đường tuyết rơi.

(Can we date this quote?), Toàn Thắng (lyrics and music), “Cô bé mùa đông [The Winter Girl]”:

So I could ascend all the way to heaven,
A snowy heaven.

Em yêu anh, ngả nghiêng, bồng bềnh niềm kiêu hãnh.
Thiên đường xanh mướt, gió trong lành
[…]
Sẽ không bao giờ chìm khuất, giấc mơ được có em,
Thiên đường gọi tên.

(Can we date this quote?), Mạnh Quân (lyrics and music), “Thiên đường gọi tên [Paradise is Saying Your Name]”:

I love you, with drifting, floating pride.
A green paradise, with refreshing winds
[…]
It's never gonna sink into oblivion, a dream where I have you,
Paradise is saying your name.

- Con năm nay mới mười sáu tuổi. Sao vội vàng thế ? - Tôi cay đắng hỏi nó.
- Hai năm nữa, chúng con sẽ lấy nhau. Khi ấy con đủ tuổi để lấy chồng rồi ! - Nó hớn hở dần lên.
- Đấy chẳng lẽ là tất cả cuộc sống của con hay sao ? - Tôi hỏi, tim buốt nhói vì một lần nữa, tôi lại chậm.
- Đấy là thiên đường, mẹ ạ ! - Nó ngẩng nhìn tôi, mắt lóe sáng - Chúng con sẽ đi làm, sẽ chỉ có nhau và những đứa con. Con sẽ không bao giờ phải buồn như mẹ.

1993, Nguyễn Thị Thu Huệ, “HẬU THIÊN ĐƯỜNG [AFTER HEAVEN]”, in HẬU THIÊN ĐƯỜNG [AFTER HEAVEN]:

“You’ve just turned 16 this year. Why the rush?” I bitterly asked.
“We’ll get married in two years’ time. I’ll be of marriageable age by then!” She sounded more and more excited.
“Will that be all there is to your life?” I asked, more slowly this time, heart tingled once more.
“That’s heaven, mom!” She looked up at me, eyes sparkling, “We’ll be working, it’ll be just the two of us and our kids. I won’t ever have to be sad like you.”


địa ngục

[ʔɗiə˧˨ʔ ŋʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗiə˨˩ʔ ŋʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗiə˨˩˨ ŋʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 地獄, composed of 地 (“earth”) and 獄 (“prison”).

xuống địa ngục

địa ngục trần gian

bị đày xuống 18 tầng địa ngục

to be exiled to the 18 levels in hell [and suffer all sorts of torment for eternity]

Khi người ta ở địa ngục, người ta ao ước lên thiên đường. Khi người ta lên được thiên đường rồi, người ta bỗng muốn về địa ngục. Bởi vì, thiên đường tồi tệ hơn địa ngục. Thiên đường nào cũng thế. Bất hạnh cho những dân tộc có những lãnh tụ đang âm mưu đưa dân tộc mình lên thiên đường. Rồi họ sẽ thấy hai người nước Thiên Đường không đủ tiền, dành ăn chung một tô hủ tíu ở nước Địa Ngục.

1986, Duyên Anh, chapter 9, in MỘT NGƯỜI NGA Ở SÀIGÒN [A RUSSIAN IN SAIGON], Nam Á:

When you're in hell, you wish to be in heaven. When you get to be in heaven, suddenly you want to go back to hell. Because heaven is worse than hell. Every heaven is the same. Misery to peoples whose leaders are conspiring to bring their people to heaven. They'll see two people in the land of Heaven who don't have enough money and who have to share a bowl of hủ tíu in the land of Hell.

Đến thời kỳ nhà Đường (Thế kỷ thứ VII), Phật giáo du nhập và có ảnh hưởng rộng lớn ở Trung Quốc thì thuyết về địa ngục và Diêm La của Ấn Độ kết hợp và người ta mới an bài ở con số 10 tầng địa ngục do 10 vị Diêm Vương cai quản, như ngày nay.

2003, Phan Ngọc Khuê, LỄ CẤP SẮC CỦA NGƯỜI DAO LÔ GANG Ở LẠNG SƠN [THE COMING-OF-AGE RITUAL OF THE DAO LO GANG IN LẠNG SƠN], Nhà xuất bản Văn hóa Thông tin:

By the Tang dynasty (7th century), Buddhism was imported and spread its reach wide in China, which then led to the conflation of hell and the Indian Yamarāja, and it was settled that there are ten levels of hell ruled by ten Yamas as we now know.


tự nhiên

[tɨ˧˨ʔ ɲiən˧˧]

[tɨ˨˩ʔ ɲiəŋ˧˧]

[tɨ˨˩˨ ɲiəŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-tự nhiên.wav


oganesson

[ʔɔ˧˧ ɣaː˧˧ nɛt̚˧˦ səːn˧˧]

[ʔɔ˧˧ ɣaː˧˧ nɛt̚˦˧˥ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɔ˧˧ ɣaː˧˧ nɛt̚˦˧˥ səːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɔ˧˧ ɣaː˧˧ nɛk̚˦˥ ʂəːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɔ˧˧ ɣaː˧˧ nɛk̚˦˥ səːŋ˧˧]


chầu văn

[t͡ɕəw˨˩ van˧˧]

[t͡ɕəw˦˩ vaŋ˧˧]

[cəw˨˩ vaŋ˧˧]

[cəw˨˩ jaŋ˧˧]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 朝 (“to pay homage/to perform the morning ceremony”, SV: triều) and 文 ("culture"/"literature", perhaps from a historical reading as "ceremony/ritual").

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">triều</i>

vi-etym-sino

Đạo Mẫu
Đạo Mẫu

(religion) a type of musical trance ritual associated with Đạo Mẫu (mother goddess worship)


trữ tình

[t͡ɕɨ˦ˀ˥ tïŋ˨˩]

[ʈɨ˧˨ tɨn˦˩]

[ʈɨ˨˩˦ tɨn˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 抒情, composed of 抒 (“to express”) and 情 (“emotion”).

Coordinate term: tự sự


gảy

(music) to pluck (a musical instrument), to strum


song tinh

[sawŋ͡m˧˧ tïŋ˧˧]

[ʂawŋ͡m˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[sɔŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[ʂawŋ͡m˧˧ tɨn˧˧]


殉節

chữ Hán form of tuẫn tiết (“to kill oneself for something grand”).


rãnh

con (classifier)
cái (classifier)
泠 (CJK)


phượng hoàng

[fɨəŋ˧˨ʔ hwaːŋ˨˩]

[fɨəŋ˨˩ʔ hwaːŋ˦˩]

[fɨəŋ˨˩˨ waːŋ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 鳳凰 (“fenghuang”). Compare phụng hoàng.


thái dương

[tʰaːj˧˦ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[tʰaːj˨˩˦ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[tʰaːj˦˥ jɨəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 太陽, composed of 太 (“great”) and 陽 (“yang”).
This short compound with the meaning "temple" is shared with many southern Sinitic lects, while other lects use different terms or a longer compound, cf. Mandarin 太陽穴／太阳穴.

Alternative letter-case form of Thái Dương


khinh khí

[xïŋ˧˧ xi˧˦]

[kʰɨn˧˧ kʰɪj˨˩˦]

[xɨn˧˧ xɪj˨˩˦]

[kʰɨn˧˧ kʰɪj˦˥]

[xɨn˧˧ xɪj˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 氫氣, composed of 氫 (“hydrogen”) and 氣 (“gas”). The Chinese character 氫／氢 (khinh) is composed of 气 (khí, chemical radical for "gassy" elements) + 輕／轻 (khinh, “lightweight”), due to the lightness of hydrogen.

(obsolete) hydrogen (molecular hydrogen)


dương cầm

Sino-Vietnamese word from 洋琴, composed of 洋 (“Western”) and 琴 (“instrument”).

[zɨəŋ˧˧ kəm˨˩]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ kəm˦˩]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ kəm˨˩]

♂: Tiếng dương cầm lãng du môi mềm xinh xắn.
♀: Là anh như mùa đông được sưởi ấm,
Là anh như tình yêu vĩnh hằng.
♂: Sẽ không bao giờ chìm khuất, giấc mơ được có em,
Thiên đường gọi tên.
♀: Giấc mơ chúng mình cùng ước nguyện,
♀♂: Hãy yêu nhau, biển trời xanh mãi !

(Can we date this quote?), Mạnh Quân (lyrics and music), “Thiên đường gọi tên [The Paradise is Saying Your Name]”:

♂: The sounds of the piano wander onto your soft, pretty lips.
♀: With you, it's like I'm warmed up in winter,
With you, it's like eternal love.
♂: It's never going to sink into oblivion, a dream where I have you,
The paradise is saying your name.
♀: This dream we share,
♀♂: Let's be in love so the sea and the sky remain forever blue!


dương cầm

[zɨəŋ˧˧ kəm˨˩]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ kəm˦˩]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ kəm˨˩]


khí cầu

[kʰɪj˨˩˦ kəw˦˩]

[xɪj˨˩˦ kəw˦˩]

[kʰɪj˦˥ kəw˨˩]

[xɪj˦˥ kəw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 氣球, composed of 氣 (“gas”) and 球 (“ball”), from Chinese 氣球／气球 (qìqiú, “balloon”).


vĩnh biệt

[vïŋ˦ˀ˥ ʔɓiət̚˧˨ʔ]

[vɨn˧˨ ʔɓiək̚˨˩ʔ]

[vɨn˨˩˦ ʔɓiək̚˨˩˨]

[jɨn˨˩˦ ʔɓiək̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 永別, composed of 永 (“permanent”) and 別 (“to leave”).

Vĩnh biệt người bạn yêu dấu.

Vĩnh biệt!

Farewell! / See you never! / Good riddance! / Don't ever come back!

(literary, to someone who's minutes away from dying or already dead, or someone who you think you will never, or wish to never, meet again) goodbye forever; see you never; good riddance forever

to someone who's minutes away from dying or already dead; or someone who you think you will never; or wish to never; meet again; to someone who's minutes away from dying or already dead; or someone who you think you will never; or wish to never; meet again


vĩnh biệt

[vïŋ˦ˀ˥ ʔɓiət̚˧˨ʔ]

[vɨn˧˨ ʔɓiək̚˨˩ʔ]

[vɨn˨˩˦ ʔɓiək̚˨˩˨]

[jɨn˨˩˦ ʔɓiək̚˨˩˨]

(literary, to someone who's minutes away from dying or already dead, or someone who you think you will never, or wish to never, meet again) to bid farewell forever


chị Hằng

[t͡ɕi˧˨ʔ haŋ˨˩]

[t͡ɕɪj˨˩ʔ haŋ˦˩]

[cɪj˨˩˨ haŋ˨˩]

chị (“elder sister”) + Hằng, from Chinese 姮娥 (Hằng Nga).

der

<i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Hằng Nga</i>

(folklore) a woman who got trapped on the Moon due to the lies of her younger brother, Cuội.


chàm

From Proto-Vietic *ɟaːm. Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 藍 (SV: lam). Doublet of lam.
The same phonological development can be also seen with chàng and chạp.

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">lam</i>


chàm

đỏ, cam, vàng, lục, lam, chàm, tím

red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet

species from the genus Indigofera, used to make indigo dye


Ác-si-mét

Archimedes (an ancient Greek mathematician)


huyết thanh

[hwiət̚˧˦ tʰajŋ̟˧˧]

[hwiək̚˦˧˥ tʰɛɲ˧˧]

serum (yellowish fluid obtained from blood)


sông băng

[səwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˧˧]

[ʂəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˧˧]

[səwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˧˧]

[ʂəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˧˧]

[səwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˧˧]


thác

vi-noun

(classifier cái, con, ngọn) thác • (𣴜, 󰋰)

cái (classifier)
con (classifier)
ngọn (classifier)
𣴜 (CJK)


thác

16th century, Nguyễn Thế Nghi's (attributed) Tân biên Truyền kỳ mạn lục tăng bổ giải âm tập chú (新編傳奇漫錄增補解音集註), giải âm/translation of Truyền kỳ mạn lục ("Casual Record of Transmitted Strange-Tales") by Nguyễn Dữ.

蔑𲈾戶石及禍㐱托𥪞獄

Disaster struck the whole Thạch family, they then all died while in prison.

Một cửa họ Thạch gặp hoạ/vạ, chỉn thác trong ngục.

Năm 1909, nhân vụ nhà Cách-mạng Triều-tiên là An-trọng-Căn ám sát viên Tổng-giám (từc[sic] Tuyền-quyền) nước Nhựt-bản là Y-Đằng Bác-Văn nên bị án tử-hình, Mai-sơn Tiên-sinh có làm đôi câu-đối truy-điệu nhà Cách-mạng Triều-tiên như sau :
« Thân tại Tam-Hàn danh vạn quốc.
Sinh phi bách tuế tử thiên thu. »
Nghĩa là :
« Người tuy ở đất Tam-Hàn, mà thanh-danh thì lẫy-lừng vạn quốc.
Sống tuy không đầy trăm tuổi, nhưng thác còn lưu tiếng đến ngàn thu. »

1965, “NGÀY XUÂN [SPRING DAY]”, in MINH TÂN, page 58:

In 1909, in the wake of the assassination of Japan’s Prime Minister Itō Hirobumi at the hands of the Korean revolutionary An Jung-geun, which resulted in his execution, Mr. Mai Sơn dedicated a duilian to the Korean revolutionary:
“Body in the Three Han, name in the myriad lands.
Life not 100 years, death 1000 autumns.”
That is to say:
“While your person was in Korea, your renown was international.
While your life did not last 100 years, your death shall be remembered forever.”

(archaic, literary) Synonym of chết (“to die”)


thiêu

thiêu rụi

Ngọn lửa thiêu rụi cả toà nhà.

The fire burnt the whole building to the ground.

tự thiêu

thiêu thân

(transitive, usually of fire itself, uncommonly of people) to burn


Mặt Trăng

[mat̚˧˨ʔ t͡ɕaŋ˧˧]

[mak̚˨˩ʔ ʈaŋ˧˧]

[mak̚˨˩˨ ʈaŋ˧˧]


oi ả

[ʔɔj˧˧ ʔaː˧˩]

[ʔɔj˧˧ ʔaː˧˨]

[ʔɔj˧˧ ʔaː˨˩˦]


rằm

head

𠄻, 林, 𦝃, 𬃂, 𪱬

vi-noun

𠄻, 林, 𦝃, 𬃂, 𪱬

trăng rằm

the 15th day of a lunar month, the day of a full moon, on which some Vietnamese people place offerings on their altars and pray for good luck


thở dài

[tʰəː˧˩ zaːj˨˩]

[tʰəː˧˨ jaːj˦˩]

[tʰəː˨˩˦ jaːj˨˩]

thở (“to exhale; to breathe”) + dài (“long”).

af

thở dài thườn thượt


quang phổ

[waːŋ˧˧ fow˨˩˦]


nước miếng

[nɨək̚˧˦ miəŋ˧˦]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ miəŋ˦˧˥]

[nɨək̚˦˥ miəŋ˦˥]

From nước (“water”) + miệng (“mouth”). The nặng tone in miệng has become the sắc tone due to assimilation with nước. Cognate with Muong Bi đác mẽnh (“saliva”).
Compare Chinese 口水 (kǒushuǐ, literally “mouth water”).


nước ngọt

[nɨək̚˧˦ ŋɔt̚˧˨ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ ŋɔk̚˨˩ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˥ ŋɔk̚˨˩˨]


nhiệt độ tuyệt đối

[ɲiət̚˧˨ʔ ʔɗo˧˨ʔ twiət̚˧˨ʔ ʔɗoj˧˦]

[ɲiək̚˨˩ʔ ʔɗow˨˩ʔ twiək̚˨˩ʔ ʔɗoj˨˩˦]

[ɲiək̚˨˩˨ ʔɗow˨˩˨ t⁽ʷ⁾iək̚˨˩˨ ʔɗoj˦˥]

nhiệt độ (“temperature”) + tuyệt đối (“absolute”), calque of English absolute temperature.

com

absolute temperature
absolute temperature

thermodynamic temperature
thermodynamic temperature

(physics) absolute temperature, thermodynamic temperature


lặn

gen lặn


dông

cơn (classifier)
con (classifier)
溶 (CJK)
𩄱 (CJK)
𩘨 (CJK)

Cognate with Chut [Mày] katoŋ¹ (Babaev & Samarina, 2018).
The spelling giông appears to arise from hypercorrection and is often attributed to Vũ Trọng Phụng's Giông Tố (1936), but there are plenty of examples of giông that predate the novel; for example, it is attested in the second volume of Nam Kỳ phong tục nhơn vật diễn ca (1909).

dông bão / bão dông

đời dông bão


tiểu hành tinh

[tiəw˧˩ hajŋ̟˨˩ tïŋ˧˧]

[tiw˧˨ hɛɲ˦˩ tɨn˧˧]


quỹ đạo

[kwi˦ˀ˥ ʔɗaːw˧˨ʔ]

[kwɪj˧˨ ʔɗaːw˨˩ʔ]

[wɪj˨˩˦ ʔɗaːw˨˩˨]


sao Vĩ

[ʂaːw˧˧ vɪj˧˨]

[ʂaːw˧˧ vɪj˨˩˦]

[saːw˧˧ jɪj˨˩˦]


Tiến quân ca

[tiəŋ˦˧˥ kwəŋ˧˧ kaː˧˧]

[tiəŋ˦˥ wəŋ˧˧ kaː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 進軍歌, composed of 進軍 (“military march”) and 歌 (“song”).

vi-etym-sino

Tiến quân ca, the national anthem of Vietnam


không gian

[xəwŋ͡m˧˧ zaːn˧˧]

[kʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ jaːŋ˧˧]

[xəwŋ͡m˧˧ jaːŋ˧˧]

[kʰəwŋ͡m˧˧ jaːŋ˧˧]

[xəwŋ͡m˧˧ jaːŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-không gian.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 空間, composed of 空 (“empty”) and 間 (“space; span; interval”), Japanese 空間 (kūkan).


sao băng

[saːw˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˧˧]

[ʂaːw˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˧˧]

[saːw˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˧˧]

[ʂaːw˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˧˧]

[saːw˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˧˧]

From sao (“star”) + băng (“to fall”, 崩).


chòm sao

[t͡ɕɔm˨˩ saːw˧˧]

[t͡ɕɔm˦˩ ʂaːw˧˧]

[t͡ɕɔm˦˩ saːw˧˧]

[cɔm˨˩ ʂaːw˧˧]


thuốc tây

[tʰuək̚˧˦ təj˧˧]

[tʰuək̚˦˧˥ təj˧˧]

[tʰuək̚˦˥ təj˧˧]

Nhớ ăn no trước khi uống thuốc tây kẻo đau bao tử.

Make sure to eat before you take those "western" meds, or else you'll get a stomachache.


thọ

Sino-Vietnamese word from 壽 (“longevity”).

giảm thọ

tổn thọ

mentally taxing, that can damage one's well-being


lạm dụng tình dục

[laːm˧˨ʔ zʊwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ tïŋ˨˩ zʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[laːm˨˩ʔ jʊwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ tɨn˦˩ jʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[laːm˨˩˨ jʊwŋ͡m˨˩˨ tɨn˨˩ jʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-lạm dụng tình dục.wav

lạm dụng (濫用, “to abuse”) + tình dục (情慾, “sex”), calque of English sexual abuse.
Superficially Sino-Vietnamese word from 濫用情慾.


quan hệ tình dục

[kwaːn˧˧ he˧˨ʔ tïŋ˨˩ zʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[kwaːŋ˧˧ hej˨˩ʔ tɨn˦˩ jʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[waːŋ˧˧ hej˨˩˨ tɨn˨˩ jʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-quan hệ tình dục.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 關係情慾, composed of 關係 (“relations”) and 情慾 (“lust”).


quan hệ tình dục

[kwaːn˧˧ he˧˨ʔ tïŋ˨˩ zʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[kwaːŋ˧˧ hej˨˩ʔ tɨn˦˩ jʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[waːŋ˧˧ hej˨˩˨ tɨn˨˩ jʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


xám

head

xám • (監, 藍) (diminutive reduplication xam xám)

監 (CJK)
藍 (CJK)
xam xám (diminutive reduplication)


chụm

Compare Pacoh adyúm (“to push sticks into fire”).

cog

Bỏ thêm củi vô chụm cho nước mau sôi coi.

Let's put more wood into the fire so that the water boils more quickly.

(Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) to put into the fire


chất béo

[t͡ɕət̚˧˦ ʔɓɛw˧˦]

[t͡ɕək̚˦˧˥ ʔɓɛw˨˩˦]

[cək̚˦˥ ʔɓɛw˦˥]

(informal, nutrition, organic chemistry) Synonym of lipit (“lipid”)


ánh

ánh mắt

ánh sáng

ánh nắng

ánh đèn

ánh lửa

light from a flame, especially that of a campfire

ánh hoàng hôn/chiều tà

ánh sao (đêm)

ánh kim

(only in compounds) light radiated from or reflected off something


ánh

(figurative) đôi mắt ánh lên niềm tin


thăng

Sino-Vietnamese word from 升 (“to rise”).

(music, only in compounds, after the name of a note) a sharp

(music) Short for dấu thăng (“sharp sign”).


hợp kim

[həːp̚˧˨ʔ kim˧˧]

[həːp̚˨˩ʔ kim˧˧]

[həːp̚˨˩˨ kim˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hợp kim.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 合金, composed of 合 (“composite”) and 金 (“metal”).


phím

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 品 (“fret”, SV: phẩm). Doublet of phẩm.
For some examples of ‹i› in vernacular loans versus ‹â› in standard Sino-Vietnamese, see also tim, kịp, kín, nhịn.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">phẩm</i>

vi-etym-sino

(by extension, music, of a keyboard instrument) a key

Để gặp điện thoại viên, vui lòng bấm phím 1.

To forward to an operator, please press 1.

bàn phím

(by extension, telephony, computer hardware) a key


dung môi

Sino-Vietnamese word from 溶媒, composed of 溶 (“to dissolve”) and 媒 (“medium”), from Japanese 溶媒 (yōbai).


đá vôi

[ʔɗaː˧˦ voj˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˨˩˦ voj˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˦˥ voj˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˦˥ joj˧˧]


prôton

[pɹo˧˧ təwŋ͡m˧˧]

[pɹow˧˧ təwŋ͡m˧˧]

[pɹow˧˧ təwŋ͡m˧˧]


nơtron

[nəː˧˧ t͡ɕəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[nəː˧˧ ʈəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[nəː˧˧ ʈəwŋ͡m˧˧]


Đường

(historical) the Tang dynasty (618–907 C.E.)


mồ

cái (classifier)
ngôi (classifier)
𫮲 (CJK)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 墓 (“tomb”, SV: mộ).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">mộ</i>


mộ

Sino-Vietnamese word from 墓. Compare mồ, mả.


lầu xanh

[ləw˨˩ sajŋ̟˧˧]

[ləw˦˩ sɛɲ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-lầu xanh.wav

lầu (“multistory building”) + xanh (“grue”), calque of Chinese 青樓／青楼 (thanh lâu).


hoả hoạn

[hwaː˧˨ hwaːŋ˨˩ʔ]

[waː˨˩˦ waːŋ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 火患, composed of 火 (“fire”) and 患 (“peril”).


á kim

[ʔaː˧˦ kim˧˧]

[ʔaː˨˩˦ kim˧˧]

[ʔaː˦˥ kim˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-á kim.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 亞 (“sub-”) and 金 (“metal”), equivalent to á- (“semi-; demi-”) + kim.


nước sôi

[nɨək̚˧˦ soj˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ ʂoj˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ soj˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˥ ʂoj˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˥ soj˧˧]

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see nước, sôi.


lạnh lùng

[lajŋ̟˧˨ʔ lʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

[lɛɲ˨˩ʔ lʊwŋ͡m˦˩]

[lan˨˩˨ lʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

(literary, of the weather) that's cold and causes melancholy


bìu dái

[ʔɓiw˨˩ zaːj˧˦]

[ʔɓiw˦˩ jaːj˨˩˦]

[ʔɓiw˨˩ jaːj˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-bìu dái.wav


quá cố

Sino-Vietnamese word from 過 (“to pass”) and 故 (“old; to pass away”).

Đừng "cố quá" kẻo mà "quá cố" bây giờ.

Don't try too hard, you'll kill yourself in the process.


lỗ đen

[lo˦ˀ˥ ʔɗɛn˧˧]

[low˧˨ ʔɗɛŋ˧˧]

[low˨˩˦ ʔɗɛŋ˧˧]

lỗ (“punctured hole”) + đen (“black”). Compare hố đen (literally “black dug hole”).


chín suối

[t͡ɕin˦˧˥ ʂuj˨˩˦]

[t͡ɕin˦˧˥ suj˨˩˦]

[cɨn˦˥ ʂuj˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-chín suối.wav

Calque of Chinese 九泉 (cửu tuyền), from chín (“nine”) + suối (“spring”).

(occult) Synonym of suối vàng (“the world of the dead”)


cồng

Likely from Austronesian, compare Malay gong.


tuẫn tiết

[twən˦ˀ˥ tiət̚˧˦]

[twəŋ˧˨ tiək̚˦˧˥]

[t⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˨˩˦ tiək̚˦˥]

Hai Bà Trưng tuẫn tiết.
The Trưng sisters committed virtuous suicide.

(literary) to kill oneself for something grand, such as a principle, a virtue, an ideal, etc.


trẫm mình

[t͡ɕəm˦ˀ˥ mïŋ˨˩]

[ʈəm˧˨ mɨn˦˩]

[ʈəm˨˩˦ mɨn˨˩]

(literary) to commit suicide by jumping into the water to drown


sinh lí

[sïŋ˧˧ li˧˦]

[ʂɨn˧˧ lɪj˨˩˦]

[sɨn˧˧ lɪj˨˩˦]

[ʂɨn˧˧ lɪj˦˥]

[sɨn˧˧ lɪj˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-sinh lí.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 生理, composed of 生 (“life”) and 理 (“workings”). Compare địa lí (“geography”, literally “workings of the earth”), vật lí (“physics”, literally “workings of things”) and tâm lí (“psychology”, literally “workings of the mind”).

sinh lí yếu

yếu sinh lí

to have low libido; (humorous, especially of a male human) to be physically weak

(medicine) libido (sexual urges or drives)


trà đá

[t͡ɕaː˨˩ ʔɗaː˧˦]

[ʈaː˦˩ ʔɗaː˨˩˦]

[ʈaː˨˩ ʔɗaː˦˥]


chết đuối

[t͡ɕet̚˧˦ ʔɗuəj˧˦]

[t͡ɕet̚˦˧˥ ʔɗuj˨˩˦]

[cəːt̚˦˥ ʔɗuj˦˥]


Lê triều

An Dương Vương
Early Lê dynasty
Early Lý dynasty
Hồ dynasty
Hồng Bàng dynasty
Later Trần dynasty
Lê dynasty
Lý dynasty
Mạc dynasty
Nguyễn dynasty
Ngô dynasty
Revival Lê dynasty
Triệu dynasty
Trần dynasty
Tây Sơn dynasty
Đinh dynasty

[le˧˧ t͡ɕiəw˨˩]

(historical, dated) the Later Lê dynasty

the Early period of the Later Lê dynasty (1428–1527)

the Restored Lê period of the Later Lê dynasty (1533–1789)

(historical, dated, rare) the Early Lê dynasty (980–1009).


nhà Lê

head

nhà Lê • (家黎)

[ɲaː˨˩ le˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ lej˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ lej˧˧]

Short for nhà Hậu Lê (“Later Lê dynasty”).

(rare) Short for nhà Tiền Lê (“Early Lê dynasty”) (980–1009).


nhà Trần

An Dương Vương
Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Early Lê dynasty
Early Lý dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Hồ dynasty
Hồng Bàng dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (266–420)
Later Trần dynasty
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Lê dynasty
Lý dynasty
Ming dynasty
Mạc dynasty
Nguyễn dynasty
Ngô dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Revival Lê dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Triệu dynasty
Trần dynasty
Tây Sơn dynasty
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty
Đinh dynasty

[ɲaː˨˩ t͡ɕən˨˩]

[ɲaː˦˩ ʈəŋ˦˩]

[ɲaː˨˩ ʈəŋ˨˩]

(historical) Chen dynasty (557-589), one of the southern dynasties of China


trà sữa

[t͡ɕaː˨˩ sɨə˦ˀ˥]

[ʈaː˦˩ ʂɨə˧˨]

[ʈaː˦˩ sɨə˧˨]

[ʈaː˨˩ ʂɨə˨˩˦]

[ʈaː˨˩ sɨə˨˩˦]


triệt sản

[t͡ɕiət̚˧˨ʔ saːn˧˩]

[ʈiək̚˨˩ʔ ʂaːŋ˧˨]

[ʈiək̚˨˩ʔ saːŋ˧˨]

[ʈiək̚˨˩˨ ʂaːŋ˨˩˦]

[ʈiək̚˨˩˨ saːŋ˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-triệt sản.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 撤 (“to remove; to take away”) and 產 (“to reproduce”).

vi-etym-sino

to sterilize (disable ability to procreate)


vườn bách thảo

[vɨən˨˩ ʔɓajk̟̚˧˦ tʰaːw˧˩]

[vɨəŋ˦˩ ʔɓat̚˦˧˥ tʰaːw˧˨]

[vɨəŋ˨˩ ʔɓat̚˦˥ tʰaːw˨˩˦]

[jɨəŋ˨˩ ʔɓat̚˦˥ tʰaːw˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-vườn bách thảo.wav


thắp

head

搭, 撘, 𤏧, 𤐴, 𤒴

vi-verb

搭, 撘, 𤏧, 𤐴, 𤒴

thắp hương/nhang

to burn (incense) at an altar or a grave


sênh tiền

[səjŋ̟˧˧ tiən˨˩]

[ʂen˧˧ tiəŋ˦˩]

[ʂəːn˧˧ tiəŋ˨˩]

[səːn˧˧ tiəŋ˨˩]

sênh (“castanets”) + tiền (“money”), as in đồng tiền (“coins (as stringed on the sênh tiền)”).

(music) a percussion instrument used in traditional Vietnamese music, which is a combination of clapper, rasp, and jingle, made from three pieces of wood and old Chinese coins


đàn tranh

[ʔɗaːn˨˩ t͡ɕajŋ̟˧˧]

[ʔɗaːŋ˦˩ ʈɛɲ˧˧]

[ʔɗaːŋ˨˩ ʈan˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 彈 (“to play a stringed musical instrument”) and 箏 (“zither”).

vi-etym-sino

small plucked zither with movable bridges, usually made with 16 or 17 strings


chán cơm thèm phở

[t͡ɕaːn˧˦ kəːm˧˧ tʰɛm˨˩ fəː˧˩]

[t͡ɕaːŋ˦˧˥ kəːm˧˧ tʰɛm˦˩ fəː˧˨]

[caːŋ˦˥ kəːm˧˧ tʰɛm˨˩ fəː˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-chán cơm thèm phở.wav

(figurative) to be sexually sick and tired of one's spouse and long for sexual thrill from someone else


đèn lồng

[ʔɗɛn˨˩ ləwŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʔɗɛŋ˦˩ ləwŋ͡m˦˩]

[ʔɗɛŋ˨˩ ləwŋ͡m˨˩]

đèn (“light”) + lồng (“cage”), a non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 燈籠 (SV: đăng lung).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">đăng lung</i>

vi-etym-sino

Đèn lồng đỏ treo cao cao

Raise High the Red Lantern (a film by Zhang Yimou).


mả

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 墓 (“tomb”, SV: mộ). Also compare mồ.


cà phê trứng

[kaː˨˩ fe˧˧ t͡ɕɨŋ˧˦]

[kaː˦˩ fej˧˧ ʈɨŋ˦˧˥]

[kaː˨˩ fej˧˧ ʈɨŋ˦˥]


câu giờ

[kəw˧˧ zəː˨˩]

[kəw˧˧ jəː˦˩]

[kəw˧˧ jəː˨˩]

câu (“to fish with a rod”) + giờ (“time”).


vòng tránh thai

[vawŋ͡m˨˩ t͡ɕajŋ̟˧˦ tʰaːj˧˧]

[vawŋ͡m˦˩ ʈɛɲ˦˧˥ tʰaːj˧˧]

[vɔŋ˦˩ ʈɛɲ˦˧˥ tʰaːj˧˧]

[vawŋ͡m˨˩ ʈan˦˥ tʰaːj˧˧]

[jawŋ͡m˨˩ ʈan˦˥ tʰaːj˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-vòng tránh thai.wav

vòng (“ring”) + tránh (“to avoid”) + thai (“pregnancy”).

com

đặt vòng (tránh thai)


trăng non

[t͡ɕaŋ˧˧ nɔn˧˧]

[ʈaŋ˧˧ nɔŋ˧˧]

[ʈaŋ˧˧ nɔŋ˧˧]

Nghìn năm rủ rỉ bên gốc cây đa.
Cuội ơi, em hỏi, trăng non hay già ?

(Can we date this quote?), Phạm Đăng Khương (lyrics and music), “Vầng trăng cổ tích”, in A Moon from Fairy Tales:

Chatting under the banyan tree, for millennia.
Answer me this, Cuội, is the moon young or old?


nhiệt giai

[ɲiət̚˧˨ʔ zaːj˧˧]

[ɲiək̚˨˩ʔ jaːj˧˧]

[ɲiək̚˨˩˨ jaːj˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 熱 (“heat”) and 階 (“rank”)

vi-etym-sino

nhiệt giai Kenvin


nháy

nháy đèn

Làm nháy không em?


lên đỉnh

[len˧˧ ʔɗïŋ˧˩]

[len˧˧ ʔɗɨn˧˨]

[ləːn˧˧ ʔɗɨn˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-lên đỉnh.wav

(figurative, humorous) to orgasm; to climax


nhạc lí

[ɲaːk̚˧˨ʔ li˧˦]

[ɲaːk̚˨˩ʔ lɪj˨˩˦]

[ɲaːk̚˨˩˨ lɪj˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 樂理, composed of 樂 and 理.


Dương Cưu

[zɨəŋ˧˧ kiw˧˧]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ kɨw˧˧]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ kɨw˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Dương Cưu.wav

(astrology, astronomy) Synonym of Bạch Dương (“Aries”)


Hổ Cáp

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Hổ Cáp.wav

(astrology) Synonym of Thiên Yết (“Scorpio”)

(astronomy) Synonym of Thiên Yết (“Scorpius”)


xanh lá cây

[sajŋ̟˧˧ laː˧˦ kəj˧˧]

[sɛɲ˧˧ laː˨˩˦ kəj˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-xanh lá cây.wav

xanh (“green or blue”) + lá cây (“leaf”).


linh cữu

[lïŋ˧˧ kiw˦ˀ˥]

[lɨn˧˧ kɨw˧˨]

[lɨn˧˧ kɨw˨˩˦]

(formal, chiefly in obituaries or eulogies) a coffin


đám ma

[ʔɗaːm˧˦ maː˧˧]

[ʔɗaːm˦˧˥ maː˧˧]

[ʔɗaːm˦˥ maː˧˧]


rả rích

[zaː˧˩ zïk̟̚˧˦]

[ʐaː˧˨ ʐɨt̚˦˧˥]

[ɹaː˨˩˦ ɹɨt̚˦˥]

Trời mưa rả rích cả ngày.


Miên Dương

[miən˧˧ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[miəŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[miəŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Miên Dương.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 綿羊, composed of 綿 (“wool”) and 羊 (“caprid”), from Chinese 綿羊／绵羊 (miányáng, “sheep”). Compare Sơn Dương (“Capricorn”, literally “goat”).


cao độ

[kaːw˧˧ ʔɗo˧˨ʔ]

[kaːw˧˧ ʔɗow˨˩ʔ]

[kaːw˧˧ ʔɗow˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 高度 (“height; altitude”)


biếc

head

biếc • (碧) (diminutive reduplication biêng biếc)

碧 (CJK)
biêng biếc (diminutive reduplication)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 碧 (SV: bích).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">bích</i>

vi-etym-sino

mắt biếc


đàn xếp

[ʔɗaːn˨˩ sep̚˧˦]

[ʔɗaːŋ˦˩ sep̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗaːŋ˨˩ sep̚˦˥]


Ấn Độ giáo

[ʔən˧˦ ʔɗo˧˨ʔ zaːw˧˦]

[ʔəŋ˦˧˥ ʔɗow˨˩ʔ jaːw˨˩˦]

[ʔəŋ˦˥ ʔɗow˨˩˨ jaːw˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 印度教, composed of 印度 (“India”) and 教 (“religion”).


lưu huỳnh

[liw˧˧ hwïŋ̟˨˩]

[lɨw˧˧ wɨn˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 硫黃, with Southern reading of the second character, from Chinese 硫黃／硫黄 (liúhuáng). See also Huỳnh.


âm phủ

[ʔəm˧˧ fu˧˩]

[ʔəm˧˧ fʊw˧˨]

[ʔəm˧˧ fʊw˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-âm phủ.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 陰府, composed of 陰 (“yin; of the dead”) and 府 (“domain”).

(Chinese mythology, occult) the world of the dead where King Yama reigns


biến tấu

[ʔɓiən˧˦ təw˧˦]

[ʔɓiəŋ˦˧˥ təw˨˩˦]

[ʔɓiəŋ˦˥ təw˦˥]


lâm râm

[ləm˧˧ zəm˧˧]

[ləm˧˧ ʐəm˧˧]

[ləm˧˧ ɹəm˧˧]


xanh lè

[sajŋ̟˧˧ lɛ˨˩]

[sɛɲ˧˧ lɛ˦˩]

From xanh (“grue”) + lè; the second element here is probably the same as in chua lè (“very sour”), cay lè (“very spicy”).


lốc xoáy

[ləwk͡p̚˦˥ s⁽ʷ⁾aj˦˥]

lốc (“vortex”) + xoáy (“to swirl, to whirl”).


lớt phớt

[ləːt̚˧˦ fəːt̚˧˦]

[ləːk̚˦˧˥ fəːk̚˦˧˥]

[ləːk̚˦˥ fəːk̚˦˥]


tennessi

[tɛn˧˧ nəː˧˧ si˧˧]

[tɛŋ˧˧ nəː˧˧ ʂɪj˧˧]

[tɛŋ˧˧ nəː˧˧ sɪj˧˧]

[tɛŋ˧˧ nəː˧˧ ʂɪj˧˧]

[tɛŋ˧˧ nəː˧˧ sɪj˧˧]


tuồng

head

從, 傱, 㗰, 象, 像

vi-noun

從, 傱, 㗰, 象, 像

The more original meaning word was "look; appearance", which then extended to the performance art due to the performers' eye-catching costumes; hát tuồng therefore can be understood as "costume singing" or "vocal performance with costumes".

(by extension) classical Vietnamese opera (hát tuồng)


sao Diêm Vương

[saːw˧˧ ziəm˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʂaːw˧˧ jiəm˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧]

[saːw˧˧ jiəm˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʂaːw˧˧ jim˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧]

[saːw˧˧ jim˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

sao (“star”) + Diêm Vương (“King Yama”), Calque of Chinese 閻王星／阎王星 (Diêm Vương tinh, literally “King Yama Star or King Of Underworld Star”).

cal

<i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Diêm Vương tinh</i>

Pluto (Kuiper belt object - a dwarf planet)


ba hồn bảy vía

[ʔɓaː˧˧ hon˨˩ ʔɓaj˧˩ viə˧˦]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ hoŋ˦˩ ʔɓaj˧˨ viə˨˩˦]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ hoŋ˨˩ ʔɓa(ː)j˨˩˦ viə˦˥]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ hoŋ˨˩ ʔɓa(ː)j˨˩˦ jiə˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-ba hồn bảy vía.wav

Calque of Chinese 三魂七魄 (tam hồn thất phách, literally “three hun, seven po”)

Bớ ba hồn bảy vía ông Quang!

(occult, typically in summoning rituals) the three hun and seven po of a dead male person


ba hồn chín vía

[ʔɓaː˧˧ hon˨˩ t͡ɕin˧˦ viə˧˦]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ hoŋ˦˩ t͡ɕin˦˧˥ viə˨˩˦]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ hoŋ˨˩ cɨn˦˥ viə˦˥]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ hoŋ˨˩ cɨn˦˥ jiə˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-ba hồn chín vía.wav

Calque of Chinese 三魂九魄 (tam hồn cửu phách, literally “three hun, nine po”).

(occult, typically in summoning rituals) the three hun and nine po of a dead female person


trí tử

[t͡ɕi˧˦ tɨ˧˩]

[ʈɪj˨˩˦ tɨ˧˨]

[ʈɪj˦˥ tɨ˨˩˦]

(of a strike or blow) guaranteed to cause death; fatal


thuỷ điện

[tʰwi˧˩ ʔɗiən˧˨ʔ]

[tʰwɪj˧˨ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 水電, composed of 水 (“water”) and 電 (“electricity”).


đường kính

đường (“path”) + kính (“path; diameter”, 徑).

af

[ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩ kïŋ˧˦]

[ʔɗɨəŋ˦˩ kɨn˦˧˥]

[ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩ kɨn˦˥]


sao lùn

[ʂaːw˧˧ lʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

[saːw˧˧ lʊwŋ͡m˨˩]


sênh

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 笙 (SV: sinh, sanh).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">sinh, sanh</i>


Thường Nga

[tʰɨəŋ˨˩ ŋaː˧˧]

[tʰɨəŋ˦˩ ŋaː˧˧]

[tʰɨəŋ˨˩ ŋaː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 嫦娥, from Chinese 嫦娥 (Cháng'é).

(rare, Chinese mythology) Synonym of Hằng Nga


Thỏ Ngọc

[tʰɔ˧˩ ŋawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[tʰɔ˧˨ ŋawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[tʰɔ˨˩˦ ŋawk͡p̚˨˩˨]

thỏ (“rabbit”) + ngọc (“jade”), calque of Chinese 玉兔 (Ngọc Thố).

the Jade Hare, Chang'e's companion on the Moon


Hằng Nga

[haŋ˨˩ ŋaː˧˧]

[haŋ˦˩ ŋaː˧˧]

[haŋ˨˩ ŋaː˧˧]

Hằng Nga Tiên tử
Heng'e the Heavenly Hermit

Trư Bát Giới bị đày xuống trần gian vì đã say xỉn và quấy rối Hằng Nga.

Zhu Bajie was exiled to the mortal world because he had drunkenly harassed Heng'e.

Hồ Xuân Hương, Vịnh Hằng Nga, [On Heng'e]
Hỡi chị Hằng Nga náu Quảng Hàn,
Bốn mùa trăng gió mấy giang san.
Áo tiên tuy nhuộm màu Vương Mẫu,
Hương tục còn nồng lửa Hậu Lang.
Mắt phượng nhớ say mùi ngọc thố,
Cung Nghê sao thẹn khúc cầm loan.
Nẻo không duyên nợ người cùng thế,
Xin chớ dầm mình nước hợp hoan.
O sister Heng'e on the Moon,
How long it is you have been there.
You've been wearing heavenly coats like the Queen Mother,
Yet you're still living, longing for times with Hou Yi.
Your dainty eyes are reminiscent of the Jade Rabbit's smell,
The Moon Palace somehow echoes a love song.
It was never meant to be anyway,
So please stop pursuing this courtship.

Heng'e, the Chinese goddess of the Moon who, according to some myths, was accidentally sent there because she took too much of an immortality pill, and who is also the inspiration for the Vietnamese folkloric character chị Hằng


luyện ngục

[lwiən˧˨ʔ ŋʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[lwiəŋ˨˩ʔ ŋʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[l⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩˨ ŋʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 煉獄, composed of 煉 (“to temper”) and 獄 (“prison”)


đường huyết

[ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩ hwiət̚˧˦]

[ʔɗɨəŋ˦˩ hwiək̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩ wiək̚˦˥]

đường (“sugar”) + huyết (“blood”), calque of Chinese 血糖 (huyết đường)


tịch

Sino-Vietnamese word from 寂, from viên tịch (“to die”).


viên tịch

[viən˧˧ tïk̟̚˧˨ʔ]

[viəŋ˧˧ tɨt̚˨˩ʔ]

[viəŋ˧˧ tɨt̚˨˩˨]

[jiəŋ˧˧ tɨt̚˨˩˨]

Ajahn Chah viên tịch vào ngày 16 tháng Giêng, 1992.

Ajahn Chah passed away on January 16, 1992.

(Buddhism, of a monk or nun) to pass away


thần dược

[tʰən˨˩ zɨək̚˧˨ʔ]

[tʰəŋ˦˩ jɨək̚˨˩ʔ]

[tʰəŋ˨˩ jɨək̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 神藥, composed of 神 (“godly”) and 藥 (“medicine”).

alternative medicine
alternative medicine


神藥

神藥chữ Hán form of thần dược . (canonical)
medicine (alternative)


ánh kim

[ʔajŋ̟˧˦ kim˧˧]

[ʔɛɲ˦˧˥ kim˧˧]

ánh (“reflected light”) + kim (“metal”).


lưỡi gà

[lɨəj˦ˀ˥ ɣaː˨˩]

[lɨj˧˨ ɣaː˦˩]

[lɨj˨˩˦ ɣaː˨˩]

lưỡi (“tongue”) + gà (“chicken”). Compare Thai ลิ้นไก่ (lín-gài, “uvula”), which is also literally "chicken's tongue".


Siêu Nhân

[siəw˧˧ ɲən˧˧]

[ʂiw˧˧ ɲəŋ˧˧]

[siw˧˧ ɲəŋ˧˧]

[ʂiw˧˧ ɲəŋ˧˧]

[siw˧˧ ɲəŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Siêu Nhân.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 超人, composed of 超 (“super-”) and 人 (“human”)


ca từ

[kaː˧˧ tɨ˨˩]

[kaː˧˧ tɨ˦˩]

[kaː˧˧ tɨ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 歌詞, composed of 歌 (“song”) and 詞 (“word”).


têooc

[te˧˧ ʔɔk̚˧˧]

[tej˧˧ ʔɔk̚˧˧]

[tej˧˧ ʔɔk̚˧˧]


Pi-ta-go

[pi˧˧ taː˧˧ ɣɔ˧˧]

[pɪj˧˧ taː˧˧ ɣɔ˧˧]

[pɪj˧˧ taː˧˧ ɣɔ˧˧]

định lí Pi-ta-go

Pythagoras (Ancient Greek mathematician and philosopher)


Ơ-clít

[ʔəː˧˧ klit̚˧˦]

[ʔəː˧˧ klit̚˦˧˥]

[ʔəː˧˧ klɨt̚˦˥]


nhẹ như lông hồng

[ɲɛ˧˨ʔ ɲɨ˧˧ ləwŋ͡m˧˧ həwŋ͡m˨˩]

[ɲɛ˨˩ʔ ɲɨ˧˧ ləwŋ͡m˧˧ həwŋ͡m˦˩]

[ɲɛ˨˩˨ ɲɨ˧˧ ləwŋ͡m˧˧ həwŋ͡m˨˩]

Calque of Chinese 輕於鴻毛／轻于鸿毛 (khinh ư hồng mao, literally “as light as a bean goose's feathers”).

cal

coi cái chết nhẹ như lông hồng


ứng tác

[ʔɨŋ˧˦ taːk̚˧˦]

[ʔɨŋ˦˧˥ taːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɨŋ˦˥ taːk̚˦˥]


thiên thể

[tʰiən˧˧ tʰe˧˩]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ tʰej˧˨]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ tʰej˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 天體, composed of 天 (“sky”) and 體 (“body”)


vợ lớn

[vəː˧˨ʔ ləːn˧˦]

[vəː˨˩ʔ ləːŋ˦˧˥]

[vəː˨˩˨ ləːŋ˦˥]

[jəː˨˩˨ ləːŋ˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-vợ lớn.wav


khúc xạ

[xʊwk͡p̚˧˦ saː˧˨ʔ]

[kʰʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥ saː˨˩ʔ]

[xʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥ saː˨˩ʔ]

[kʰʊwk͡p̚˦˥ saː˨˩˨]

[xʊwk͡p̚˦˥ saː˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 曲 (“bent”) and 射 (“to shoot; to emit”)


phản xạ

[faːn˧˩ saː˧˨ʔ]

[faːŋ˧˨ saː˨˩ʔ]

[faːŋ˨˩˦ saː˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 反射, composed of 反 (“against; back”) and 射 (“to shoot; to emit”)

(mechanics, optics, electromagnetism) to be reflected


hoóc môn

[hɔk̚˦˧˥ moŋ˧˧]

[hɔk̚˦˥ moŋ˧˧]

From French hormone. The h is added via spelling pronunciation.


Thổ tinh

[tʰo˧˩ tïŋ˧˧]

[tʰow˨˩˦ tɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 土星, composed of 土 (“earth”) and 星 (“star”).


Kim tinh

[kim˧˧ tïŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 金星, composed of 金 (“metal”) and 星 (“star”).


Mộc tinh

[məwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ tïŋ˧˧]

[məwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ tɨn˧˧]

[məwk͡p̚˨˩˨ tɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 木星, composed of 木 (“wood”) and 星 (“star”).


Hải Vương tinh

[haːj˧˩ vɨəŋ˧˧ tïŋ˧˧]

[haːj˧˨ vɨəŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[haːj˨˩˦ vɨəŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[haːj˨˩˦ jɨəŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 海王星, composed of 海 (“sea”), 王 (“king”) and 星 (“star”), from Chinese 海王星 (Hǎiwángxīng), named after the Roman god of the sea, Neptune.


Thiên Vương tinh

[tʰiən˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧ tïŋ˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 天王星, composed of 天王 (“heavenly king”) and 星 (“star”), from Chinese 天王星 (Tiānwángxīng), named after the Greco-Roman personification of the sky, Uranus.


Hoả tinh

[hwaː˧˩ tïŋ˧˧]

[waː˨˩˦ tɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 火星, composed of 火 (“fire”) and 星 (“star”).


bất đắc kì tử

head

bất đắc kì tử

vi-adv

bất đắc kì tử

[ʔɓət̚˧˦ ʔɗak̚˧˦ ki˨˩ tɨ˧˩]

[ʔɓək̚˦˧˥ ʔɗak̚˦˧˥ kɪj˦˩ tɨ˧˨]

[ʔɓək̚˦˥ ʔɗak̚˦˥ kɪj˨˩ tɨ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 不得其死 (“to not get one's (usual) death”), from the Chinese Analects. Compare 不得好死 (bất đắc hảo tử).

vi-etym-sino

chết bất đắc kì tử

Em thề có ông mặt trời. Nếu em nói láo, ông mặt trời lặn, em chết bất đắc kì tử.

I swear to the sun. If I'm being dishonest in any way, I'll drop dead as soon as the sun sets.


lồng đèn

[ləwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɗɛn˨˩]

[ləwŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɗɛŋ˦˩]

[ləwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɗɛŋ˨˩]

lồng (“cage”) + đèn (“light”), from the apparent resemblance to a birdcage. Compare Chinese 燈籠／灯笼 (dēnglóng, literally “light cage”).


thế năng

[tʰe˧˦ naŋ˧˧]

[tʰej˨˩˦ naŋ˧˧]

potential energy
potential energy#English


nhạc vàng

[ɲaːk̚˧˨ʔ vaːŋ˨˩]

[ɲaːk̚˨˩ʔ vaːŋ˦˩]

[ɲaːk̚˨˩˨ vaːŋ˨˩]

[ɲaːk̚˨˩˨ jaːŋ˨˩]

(music) “golden music” (a form of popular Vietnamese music from the 1950s to the 1970s)


chiêng

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 鉦 (SV: chinh).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">chinh</i>


nhịp độ

[ɲip̚˧˨ʔ ʔɗo˧˨ʔ]

[ɲip̚˨˩ʔ ʔɗow˨˩ʔ]

[ɲip̚˨˩˨ ʔɗow˨˩˨]


đĩ điếm

[ʔɗi˦ˀ˥ ʔɗiəm˧˦]

[ʔɗɪj˧˨ ʔɗiəm˦˧˥]

[ʔɗɪj˨˩˦ ʔɗim˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-đĩ điếm.wav


vắt sữa

[vat̚˧˦ sɨə˦ˀ˥]

[vak̚˦˧˥ ʂɨə˧˨]

[vak̚˦˧˥ sɨə˧˨]

[vak̚˦˥ ʂɨə˨˩˦]

[jak̚˦˥ sɨə˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-vắt sữa.wav

to milk (to express milk from mammal; to draw from the breasts or udder; to masturbate a male to ejaculation)


đồi truỵ

[ʔɗoj˨˩ t͡ɕwi˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗoj˦˩ ʈwɪj˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗoj˨˩ ʈ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-đồi truỵ.wav

văn hoá phẩm đồi truỵ

"obscene" entertainment products; pornography

Cái thằng đồi truỵ vãi!

(derogatory) displaying or referencing sexual activities in graphic detail that's deemed distasteful; obscene (lewd or lustful); NSFW


thăng hoa

[tʰaŋ˧˧ hwaː˧˧]

[tʰaŋ˧˧ hwaː˧˧]

[tʰaŋ˧˧ waː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 昇華 (“sublimation”), from Japanese 昇華 (shōka).


chũm choẹ

[t͡ɕum˦ˀ˥ t͡ɕwɛ˧˨ʔ]

[t͡ɕum˧˨ t͡ɕwɛ˨˩ʔ]

[cʊm˨˩˦ c⁽ʷ⁾ɛ˨˩˨]


kim loại kiềm

[kim˧˧ l⁽ʷ⁾aːj˨˩˨ kim˨˩]


khí hiếm

[kʰɪj˨˩˦ hiəm˦˧˥]

[xɪj˨˩˦ hiəm˦˧˥]

From khí (“gas”) + hiếm (“rare”). Compare Japanese 希ガス (ki-gasu).


kim loại kiềm thổ

[kim˧˧ l⁽ʷ⁾aːj˨˩˨ kim˨˩ tʰow˨˩˦]

kim loại (“metal”) + kiềm + Chinese 土 (“earth”)


canxi

Ultimately from New Latin calcium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


scanđi

[skaːn˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧]

[səː˨˩ kaːn˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧]

[skaːŋ˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

[səː˦˩ kaːŋ˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

[skaːŋ˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

[səː˨˩ kaːŋ˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin scandium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


gemani

[zɛ˧˧ maː˧˧ ni˧˧]

[jɛ˧˧ maː˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

[jɛ˧˧ maː˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin germanium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


vanađi

[vaː˧˧ naː˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧]

[vaː˧˧ naː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

[vaː˧˧ naː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

[jaː˧˧ naː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin vanadium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


ziriconi

[zi˧˧ ɹi˧˧ kɔ˧˧ ni˧˧]

[zi˧˧ zi˧˧ kɔ˧˧ ni˧˧]

[zɪj˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ kɔ˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

[jɪj˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ kɔ˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

[zɪj˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ kɔ˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

[jɪj˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ kɔ˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin zirconium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements. An extra i is added to ease pronunciation and to preserve an appearance that is more representative of the chemical symbol.


rođi

[ɹo˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧]

[ɹow˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

[ɹow˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin rhodium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


molipđen

[mo˧˧ lip̚˧˦ ʔɗɛn˧˧]

[mow˧˧ lip̚˦˧˥ ʔɗɛŋ˧˧]

[mow˧˧ lip̚˦˥ ʔɗɛŋ˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin molybdenum, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


tecnexi

[tɛk̚˧˦ ne˧˧ si˧˧]

[tɛk̚˦˧˥ nej˧˧ sɪj˧˧]

[tɛk̚˦˥ nej˧˧ sɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin technetium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


palađi

[paː˧˧ laː˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ laː˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧]

[paː˧˧ laː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ laː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

[paː˧˧ laː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ laː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from Latin palladium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


stronti

[səː˨˩ t͡ɕɔn˧˧ ti˧˧]

[ʂtɹɔŋ˧˧ tɪj˧˧]

[stɹɔŋ˧˧ tɪj˧˧]

[səː˦˩ ʈɔŋ˧˧ tɪj˧˧]

[ʂtɹɔŋ˧˧ tɪj˧˧]

[stɹɔŋ˧˧ tɪj˧˧]

[səː˨˩ ʈɔŋ˧˧ tɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin strontium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


ytri

[ʔi˧˧ t͡ɕi˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ʈɪj˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ʈɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin yttrium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


xesi

Ultimately from Latin caesium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


inđi

[ʔin˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧]

[ʔin˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

[ʔɨn˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin indium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


điprozi

[ʔɗip̚˧˧ ɹɔ˧˧ zi˧˧]

[ʔɗip̚˧˧ zɔ˧˧ zi˧˧]

[ʔɗip̚˧˧ ɹɔ˧˧ zɪj˧˧]

[ʔɗip̚˧˧ ɹɔ˧˧ jɪj˧˧]

[ʔɗip̚˧˧ ɹɔ˧˧ zɪj˧˧]

[ʔɗip̚˧˧ ɹɔ˧˧ jɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin dysprosium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


atatin

[ʔaː˧˧ taː˧˧ tin˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ taː˧˧ tin˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ taː˧˧ tɨn˧˧]


prazeođim

[pɹaː˧˧ zɛw˧˧ ʔɗim˧˧]

[pɹaː˧˧ zɛw˧˧ ʔɗim˧˧]

[pɹaː˧˧ jɛw˧˧ ʔɗim˧˧]

[pɹaː˧˧ zɛw˧˧ ʔɗim˧˧]

[pɹaː˧˧ jɛw˧˧ ʔɗim˧˧]

From French praséodyme, from German Praseodym.


ytecbi

[ʔi˧˧ tɛk̚˧˦ ʔɓi˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ tɛk̚˦˧˥ ʔɓɪj˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ tɛk̚˦˥ ʔɓɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin ytterbium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


neođim

[ne˧˧ ʔo˧˧ ʔɗim˧˧]

[nej˧˧ ʔow˧˧ ʔɗim˧˧]

[nej˧˧ ʔow˧˧ ʔɗim˧˧]

From French néodyme, from German Neodym.


bitmut

[ʔɓit̚˧˦ mut̚˧˦]

[ʔɓit̚˦˧˥ mʊk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓɨt̚˦˥ mʊk͡p̚˦˥]


lutexi

Ultimately from New Latin lutetium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


coban

[ko˧˧ ʔɓaːn˧˧]

[kow˧˧ ʔɓaːn˧˧]

[kow˧˧ ʔɓaːn˧˧]


gađolini

[ɣaː˧˧ ʔɗo˧˧ li˧˧ ni˧˧]

[ɣaː˧˧ ʔɗow˧˧ lɪj˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

[ɣaː˧˧ ʔɗow˧˧ lɪj˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin gadolinium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


hafini

[haː˧˧ fɪj˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

[haː˧˧ fɪj˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin hafnium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements. An extra i is added to ease pronunciation and to preserve an appearance that is more representative of the chemical symbol.


beckeli

[ʔɓɛk̚˧˦ ke˧˧ li˧˧]

[ʔɓɛk̚˦˧˥ kej˧˧ lɪj˧˧]

[ʔɓɛk̚˦˥ kej˧˧ lɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin berkelium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


iriđi

[ʔi˧˧ ɹi˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧]

[ʔi˧˧ zi˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin iridium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


cađimi

[kaː˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧ mi˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧ mɪj˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧ mɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin cadmium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements. An extra i is added to ease pronunciation and to preserve an appearance that is more representative of the chemical symbol.


rađi

[ɹaː˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧]

[ɹaː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

[ɹaː˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin radium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


ensteni

[ʔɛn˧˧ stɛ˧˧ ni˧˧]

[ʔɛŋ˧˧ stɛ˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

[ʔɛŋ˧˧ stɛ˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin einsteinium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


franxi

[fəː˨˩ ɹaːn˧˧ si˧˧]

[fəː˨˩ zaːn˧˧ si˧˧]

[fɹaːŋ˧˧ sɪj˧˧]

[fəː˦˩ ɹaːŋ˧˧ sɪj˧˧]

[fɹaːŋ˧˧ sɪj˧˧]

[fəː˨˩ ɹaːŋ˧˧ sɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin francium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


amerixi

[ʔaː˧˧ me˧˧ ɹi˧˧ si˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ me˧˧ zi˧˧ si˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ mej˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ sɪj˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ mej˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ sɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin americium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


rơzơfođi

[ɹəː˧˧ zəː˧˧ fɔ˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧]

[ɹəː˧˧ jəː˧˧ fɔ˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

[ɹəː˧˧ jəː˧˧ fɔ˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin rutherfordium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


califoni

[kaː˧˧ li˧˧ fɔ˧˧ ni˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ lɪj˧˧ fɔ˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

[kaː˧˧ lɪj˧˧ fɔ˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin californium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


menđelevi

[mɛn˧˧ ʔɗe˧˧ le˧˧ vi˧˧]

[mɛŋ˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ lej˧˧ vɪj˧˧]

[mɛŋ˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ lej˧˧ vɪj˧˧]

[mɛŋ˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ lej˧˧ jɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin mendelevium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


fecmi

[fɛk̚˧˦ mi˧˧]

[fɛk̚˧˨ʔ mi˧˧]

[fɛk̚˦˧˥ mɪj˧˧]

[fɛk̚˨˩ʔ mɪj˧˧]

[fɛk̚˦˥ mɪj˧˧]

[fɛk̚˨˩˨ mɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin fermium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


đupni

[ʔɗup̚˧˦ ni˧˧]

[ʔɗup̚˦˧˥ nɪj˧˧]

[ʔɗʊp̚˦˥ nɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin dubnium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


lorenxi

[lɔ˧˧ ɹɛn˧˧ si˧˧]

[lɔ˧˧ zɛn˧˧ si˧˧]

[lɔ˧˧ ɹɛŋ˧˧ sɪj˧˧]

[lɔ˧˧ ɹɛŋ˧˧ sɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin lawrencium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


eribi

[ʔɛ˧˧ ɹi˧˧ ʔɓi˧˧]

[ʔɛ˧˧ zi˧˧ ʔɓi˧˧]

[ʔɛ˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧]

[ʔɛ˧˧ ɹɪj˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin erbium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements. An extra i is added to ease pronunciation and to preserve an appearance that is more representative of the chemical symbol.


rađon

[ɹaː˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ɹaː˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ɹaː˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]


osimi

[ʔo˧˧ si˧˧ mi˧˧]

[ʔow˧˧ sɪj˧˧ mɪj˧˧]

[ʔow˧˧ sɪj˧˧ mɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin osmium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements. An extra i is added to ease pronunciation and to preserve an appearance that is more representative of the chemical symbol.


phi kim

Sino-Vietnamese word from 非 (“non-”) and 金 (“metal”), equivalent to phi- + kim. Compare Chinese 非金屬／非金属 (phi kim thuộc), Japanese 非金属 (hikinzoku), Korean 비금속 (bigeumsok).


rubiđi

[ɹu˧˧ ʔɓi˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧]

[ɹʊw˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

[ɹʊw˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin rubidium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


niken

[nɪj˧˧ kɛn˧˧]

[nɪj˧˧ kɛn˧˧]


honmi

Ultimately from New Latin holmium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


ion hoá

[ʔi˧˧ ʔəwŋ͡m˧˧ hwaː˧˦]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ʔəwŋ͡m˧˧ hwaː˨˩˦]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ʔəwŋ͡m˧˧ waː˦˥]

năng lượng ion hoá thứ nhất


lăng trì

[laŋ˧˧ t͡ɕi˨˩]

[laŋ˧˧ ʈɪj˦˩]

[laŋ˧˧ ʈɪj˨˩]


mã não

head

mã não • (瑪瑙)

vi-noun

mã não • (瑪瑙)

[maː˦ˀ˥ naːw˦ˀ˥]

[maː˨˩˦ naːw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 瑪瑙, from Middle Chinese 瑪瑙 (mˠa^X nɑu^X).


địa tâm

[ʔɗiə˧˨ʔ təm˧˧]

[ʔɗiə˨˩ʔ təm˧˧]

[ʔɗiə˨˩˨ təm˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 地心, composed of 地 (“earth”) and 心 (“center”). Compare Chinese 地心說／地心说 (“geocentrism”) and 地心 (dìxīn, “Earth's core”).


nhật tâm

[ɲət̚˧˨ʔ təm˧˧]

[ɲək̚˨˩ʔ təm˧˧]

[ɲək̚˨˩˨ təm˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 日 (“sun”) and 心 (“center”). Compare Chinese 日心說／日心说 (rìxīnshuō, “heliocentrism”).


nguyên hình

[ŋwiən˧˧ hïŋ˨˩]

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ hɨn˦˩]

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ hɨn˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 原形, composed of 原 (“origin”) and 形 (“form”)

vi-etym-sino

hiện nguyên hình

to reveal one's true form; to show one's true colors

(Chinese mythology, folklore, of a shapeshifting monster in disguise) the original, true form


phản hạt

[faːn˧˩ haːt̚˧˨ʔ]

[faːŋ˧˨ haːk̚˨˩ʔ]

[faːŋ˨˩˦ haːk̚˨˩˨]


A Tu La

[ʔaː˧˧ tu˧˧ laː˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ tʊw˧˧ laː˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ tʊw˧˧ laː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 阿修羅, from Chinese 阿修羅／阿修罗 (āxiūluó), from Sanskrit असुर (asura).


hắc

to wear an expression of extreme pain on one's face

Loại rau này ăn sống hắc lắm.

This type of vegetable is pungent when eaten raw.


Ngọc Hoàng Thượng Đế

[ŋawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ hwaːŋ˨˩ tʰɨəŋ˧˨ʔ ʔɗe˧˦]

[ŋawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ hwaːŋ˦˩ tʰɨəŋ˨˩ʔ ʔɗej˨˩˦]

[ŋawk͡p̚˨˩˨ waːŋ˨˩ tʰɨəŋ˨˩˨ ʔɗej˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 玉皇上帝, composed of 玉皇 (“Jade Emperor”) and 上帝 (“Shangdi”), from Chinese 玉皇上帝 (Yùhuáng Shàngdì).

(Chinese mythology, folklore) Synonym of Ngọc Hoàng (“Jade Emperor”)


Ngọc Đế

[ŋawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ ʔɗe˧˦]

[ŋawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ ʔɗej˨˩˦]

[ŋawk͡p̚˨˩˨ ʔɗej˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 玉帝, composed of 玉 (“jade”) and 帝 (“emperor; a class of Chinese deities”), from Chinese 玉帝 (Yù Dì)


Ngọc Hoàng

[ŋawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ hwaːŋ˨˩]

[ŋawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ hwaːŋ˦˩]

[ŋawk͡p̚˨˩˨ waːŋ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 玉皇, composed of 玉 (“jade”) and 皇 (“sovereign; a class of Chinese deities”), from Chinese 玉皇 (Yùhuáng)

A-lô. Thái Bạch Kim Tinh đấy hả ? Ờ. Đây là vấn đề nhạy cảm. Ngọc Hoàng đã chỉ đạo rồi. Phải chờ các Táo đã. Đúng rồi, các Táo biểu quyết thông qua. Phải bí mật đấy nhá.

2016, Táo Quân 2016 [Kitchen Gods 2016], spoken by Nam Tào (Xuân Bắc):

Hello? Is that Taibai Jinxing? Yeah. It's a delicate matter. The Jade Emperor has given instructions. We need to wait for the Kitchen Gods. That's right, they'll be putting on a vote. It's classified.

Không hiểu sau đó rồi vị thần ấy chết hay sống, hay là trở thành Ngọc Hoàng. Việc đó không thấy dân gian kể đến. Nhưng chắc rằng cũng cách khoảng thời gian ấy không lâu có một vị thần tên là Ngọc Hoàng hay ông Trời cai quản cai quản tất cả mọi việc trên trời dưới đất.

2022, “Sức hấp dẫn của truyện kể [The Appeal of Stories]”, in Ngữ văn 10 [Vietnamese 10], page 12:

It is not clear whether that god was alive or dead, or became the Jade Emperor. Folklore has no further details on that. But one thing for certain, not long after that time, there was a god called the Jade Emperor or Lord Heaven who look after all things in the universe.

(Chinese mythology, folklore) the Jade Emperor


Thượng Đế

[tʰɨəŋ˧˨ʔ ʔɗe˧˦]

[tʰɨəŋ˨˩ʔ ʔɗej˨˩˦]

[tʰɨəŋ˨˩˨ ʔɗej˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 上帝, composed of 上 (“upper”) and 帝 (“emperor”), from Chinese 上帝 (Shàngdì)

khách hàng là Thượng Đế

(literally, “the customer is Shangdi/God”)

the customer is always right / the customer is the top priority

Thượng Đế của người theo đạo Hồi gọi là A-la.

Exodus 20:2, 2010 Vietnamese translation from Vietnamese Easy-to-Read Version (Bản Phổ Thông ~ BPT)
Ta là Thượng Đế, Chúa ngươi, Đấng đã mang ngươi ra khỏi xứ Ai-cập, nơi ngươi làm nô lệ.
I am God, your Lord, the One who brought you out of Egypt, where you were enslaved.

Exodus 20:2, 1994 [1982] Vietnamese translation from Bản Diễn Ý (BDY)
Ta là Chúa Hằng Hữu, Thượng Đế của các ngươi, đã giải phóng các ngươi khỏi ách nô lệ Ai-cập.
I am the Eternal Lord, your God, who liberated you from the yoke of slavery in Egypt.

(by extension, Abrahamism) Synonym of Chúa (“Lord; God”)


gió lốc

[zɔ˧˦ ləwk͡p̚˧˦]

[jɔ˨˩˦ ləwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[jɔ˦˥ ləwk͡p̚˦˥]


Ngọc Hoàng Đại Đế

[ŋawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ hwaːŋ˨˩ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ ʔɗe˧˦]

[ŋawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ hwaːŋ˦˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɗej˨˩˦]

[ŋawk͡p̚˨˩˨ waːŋ˨˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʔɗej˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 玉皇大帝, composed of 玉皇 (“Jade Emperor”) and 大帝 (“great emperor”), from Chinese 玉皇大帝 (Yùhuáng Dàdì)


Hồng Bàng

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓaːŋ˨˩]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɓaːŋ˦˩]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓaːŋ˨˩]

(historical) a legendary lineage of supposedly ancient Vietnamese kings

(historical) the Hồng Bàng dynasty (2879–258 BCE)

Hồng Bàng (an urban district of Haiphong, Vietnam)


Nam Hà

Sino-Vietnamese word from 南河.
nam (“south”) + hà (“river”).

(uranography) "South River", an asterism in the Chinese constellation of Well


Bắc Hà

[ʔɓak̚˧˦ haː˨˩]

[ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ haː˦˩]

[ʔɓak̚˦˥ haː˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 北河.
bắc (“north”) + hà (“river”).

(uranography) "North River", an asterism in the Chinese constellation of Well


Bà La Môn

[ʔɓaː˨˩ laː˧˧ mon˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˦˩ laː˧˧ moŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˨˩ laː˧˧ moŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 婆羅門, from Chinese 婆羅門／婆罗门 (póluómén), from Sanskrit ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa).


Tam Vị Nhất Thể

[taːm˧˧ vi˧˨ʔ ɲət̚˧˦ tʰe˧˩]

[taːm˧˧ vɪj˨˩ʔ ɲək̚˦˧˥ tʰej˧˨]

[taːm˧˧ vɪj˨˩˨ ɲək̚˦˥ tʰej˨˩˦]

[taːm˧˧ jɪj˨˩˨ ɲək̚˦˥ tʰej˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Tam Vị Nhất Thể.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 三位一體, composed of 三位 (“three ranks”) and 一體 (“one body”). Compare Chinese 三位一體／三位一体 (sānwèiyītǐ), Japanese 三位一体 (Sanmi Ittai), Korean 삼위일체 (Samwiilche). Also Japanese 三神一体 (Sanshin Ittai, Tam Thần Nhất Thể).


đối ẩm

[ʔɗoj˧˦ ʔəm˧˩]

[ʔɗoj˨˩˦ ʔəm˧˨]

[ʔɗoj˦˥ ʔəm˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 對 (“to face”) and 飲 (“to drink”)

vi-etym-sino

(rare) to drink alcohol or tea with someone


thiên văn

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ vaŋ˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ vaŋ˧˧]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ jaŋ˧˧]

trên thông thiên văn, dưới tường địa lí

well-versed in both astronomy and geography


đĩa đơn

[ʔɗiə˦ˀ˥ ʔɗəːn˧˧]

[ʔɗiə˧˨ ʔɗəːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗiə˨˩˦ ʔɗəːŋ˧˧]

đĩa (“disc”) + đơn (“single, alone”), calque of English single.

(music) single (popular song released on its own)


đen thui

[ʔɗɛn˧˧ tʰuj˧˧]

[ʔɗɛŋ˧˧ tʰuj˧˧]

[ʔɗɛŋ˧˧ tʰuj˧˧]

đen thui thùi lùi


vàng khè

[vaːŋ˨˩ xɛ˨˩]

[vaːŋ˦˩ kʰɛ˦˩]

[vaːŋ˦˩ xɛ˦˩]

[vaːŋ˨˩ kʰɛ˨˩]

[jaːŋ˨˩ xɛ˨˩]

Sau quần vàng khè vậy ? Ị đùn à ?

Why are your pants so yellow? Did you shit yourself?


đỏ lòm

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ lɔm˨˩]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ lɔm˦˩]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ lɔm˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-đỏ lòm.wav

đỏ (“red”) + lòm; the second element likely from Proto-Vietic *lɔːm (“liver”) (cf. Muong Bi lòm (“liver”)), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁ləəm ~ *t₁luəm (“liver”).


trắng toát

[t͡ɕaŋ˧˦ twaːt̚˧˦]

[ʈaŋ˦˧˥ twaːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʈaŋ˦˥ t⁽ʷ⁾aːk̚˦˥]

trắng + toát, possibly a non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 雪 (“snow”, SV: tuyết).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">tuyết</i>


head

[ʔɗem˧˧ tʰaːŋ˧˦ nam˧˧ t͡ɕɨə˧˧ nam˨˩ ʔɗaː˦ˀ˥ saːŋ˧˦ ŋaj˨˩ tʰaːŋ˧˦ mɨəj˨˩ t͡ɕɨə˧˧ kɨəj˨˩ ʔɗaː˦ˀ˥ toj˧˦]

[ʔɗem˧˧ tʰaːŋ˦˧˥ nam˧˧ t͡ɕɨə˧˧ nam˦˩ ʔɗaː˧˨ ʂaːŋ˦˧˥ ŋaj˦˩ tʰaːŋ˦˧˥ mɨj˦˩ t͡ɕɨə˧˧ kɨj˦˩ ʔɗaː˧˨ toj˨˩˦]

[ʔɗem˧˧ tʰaːŋ˦˧˥ nam˧˧ t͡ɕɨə˧˧ nam˦˩ ʔɗaː˧˨ saːŋ˦˧˥ ŋaj˦˩ tʰaːŋ˦˧˥ mɨj˦˩ t͡ɕɨə˧˧ kɨj˦˩ ʔɗaː˧˨ toj˨˩˦]

[ʔɗem˧˧ tʰaːŋ˦˥ nam˧˧ cɨə˧˧ nam˨˩ ʔɗaː˨˩˦ ʂaːŋ˦˥ ŋa(ː)j˨˩ tʰaːŋ˦˥ mɨj˨˩ cɨə˧˧ kɨj˨˩ ʔɗaː˨˩˦ toj˦˥]

[ʔɗem˧˧ tʰaːŋ˦˥ nam˧˧ cɨə˧˧ nam˨˩ ʔɗaː˨˩˦ saːŋ˦˥ ŋa(ː)j˨˩ tʰaːŋ˦˥ mɨj˨˩ cɨə˧˧ kɨj˨˩ ʔɗaː˨˩˦ toj˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-đêm tháng năm chưa nằm đã sáng, ngày tháng mười chưa cười đã tối.wav

(literal) during May nights you can barely rest before the sun rises, and during October days you can barely have fun before it sets

(figurative) May nights are shorter and October days are longer than usual


trê-mô-lô

[t͡ɕe˧˧ mo˧˧ lo˧˧]

Borrowed from Italian tremolo, first-person present indicative of tremolare (“to shake, to tremble”).

(music) tremolo (rapid repetition of the same note, or an alternation between two or more notes), especially alternate picking


như gió

[ɲɨ˧˧ jɔ˨˩˦]


La Sát

[laː˧˧ saːt̚˧˦]

[laː˧˧ ʂaːk̚˦˧˥]

[laː˧˧ saːk̚˦˧˥]

[laː˧˧ ʂaːk̚˦˥]

[laː˧˧ saːk̚˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-La Sát.wav


愛國歌

chữ Hán form of Ái quốc ca (“Aegukka, the North Korean national anthem”).

chữ Hán form of Ái quốc ca (“Aegukga, the South Korean national anthem”).


người chuyển giới

[ŋɨəj˨˩ t͡ɕwiən˧˩ zəːj˧˦]

[ŋɨj˦˩ t͡ɕwiəŋ˧˨ jəːj˨˩˦]

[ŋɨj˨˩ c⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩˦ jəːj˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-người chuyển giới.wav


người đồng tính

[ŋɨəj˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ tïŋ˧˦]

[ŋɨj˦˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ tɨn˦˧˥]

[ŋɨj˨˩ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ tɨn˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-người đồng tính.wav


Tây Hạ

[təj˧˧ haː˧˨ʔ]

[təj˧˧ haː˨˩ʔ]

[təj˧˧ haː˨˩˨]

Western Xia dynasty (1038–1227); the Tangut Empire

Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (266–420)
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Ming dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty
vi:Tây Hạ


Chiến Quốc

[t͡ɕiən˧˦ kuək̚˧˦]

[t͡ɕiəŋ˦˧˥ kuək̚˦˧˥]

[ciəŋ˦˥ wək̚˦˥]

the Warring States period (of Chinese history)


cửa mình

[kɨə˧˩ mïŋ˨˩]

[kɨə˧˨ mɨn˦˩]

[kɨə˨˩˦ mɨn˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-cửa mình.wav

(informal) Synonym of âm hộ (“a vulva”, literally “yin door”)


bảy bảy bốn chín ngày

[ʔɓaj˧˩ ʔɓaj˧˩ ʔɓon˧˦ t͡ɕin˧˦ ŋaj˨˩]

[ʔɓaj˧˨ ʔɓaj˧˨ ʔɓoŋ˦˧˥ t͡ɕin˦˧˥ ŋaj˦˩]

[ʔɓa(ː)j˨˩˦ ʔɓa(ː)j˨˩˦ ʔɓoŋ˦˥ cɨn˦˥ ŋa(ː)j˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-bảy bảy bốn chín ngày.wav

From Chinese 七七日 (thất thất nhật, “seven days times seven”) and 四十九日 (tứ thập cửu nhật, “forty-nine days”). "Seven" is as in "7 po" (see also ba hồn bảy vía) and "7 days of the week". Each of the three "hun" leaves the body after each of the next 3 years, while each of the seven "po" leaves after every 7 days, which results in a larger memorial offering after 49 days and the ultimate end of mourning after 3 years.

der

(religion, Buddhism) 49 days after someone's death, during which their souls are still wandering or need releasing, and regular food offerings are required


nước lã

[nɨək̚˧˦ laː˦ˀ˥]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ laː˧˨]

[nɨək̚˦˥ laː˨˩˦]

Perhaps from nước + lã, with lã deriving from Chinese 冷 (lãnh, “cold”). Compare nước lạnh (“cold water; unboiled water”).

Đừng uống nước lã kẻo đau bụng.

Don't drink unboiled water, you'll upset your stomach.


phò

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 扶 (SV: phù).

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">phù</i>

vi-etym-sino

(dated, literary) to help, to assist (a royalty)


kenvin

[kɛŋ˧˧ vin˧˧]

[kɛŋ˧˧ vɨn˧˧]

[kɛŋ˧˧ jɨn˧˧]

nhiệt giai/thang nhiệt Ken-vin


độ C

[ʔɗo˧˨ʔ se˧˧]

[ʔɗow˨˩ʔ sej˧˧]

[ʔɗow˨˩˨ sej˧˧]


độ K

[ʔɗo˧˨ʔ kaː˧˧]

[ʔɗow˨˩ʔ kaː˧˧]

[ʔɗow˨˩˨ kaː˧˧]

From độ + K, erroneously following the pattern of độ C (“degree Celsius”) and độ F (“degree Fahrenheit”).

(informal, colloquial) Synonym of kenvin (“kelvin”)


độ F

[ʔɗo˧˨ʔ ʔɛp̚˧˦]

[ʔɗow˨˩ʔ ʔɛp̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗow˨˩˨ ʔɛp̚˦˥]


Viêm Đế

[viəm˧˧ ʔɗe˧˦]

[viəm˧˧ ʔɗej˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 炎帝, composed of 炎 (“flame”) and 帝 (“emperor”), from Chinese 炎帝 (Yándì).


Nữ Oa

[nɨ˦ˀ˥ ʔwaː˧˧]

[nɨ˧˨ ʔwaː˧˧]

[nɨ˨˩˦ (ʔ)waː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 女媧, from Literary Chinese 女媧 (Nǚwā).

Coordinate term: Phục Hi

Nên kể thêm bà Nữ Oa, có công luyện đá ngũ sắc để vá trời khi trời sụp đổ vì những cây cột chống trời gãy.

(Can we date this quote?), Nguyễn Hiến Lê, sử Trung Quốc [a history of China], Nhà xuất bản Văn nghệ:

It is worth mentioning Nüwa, who synthesized five-colored rocks that she used to patch the heavens when they collapsed because their support pillars broke.

“Ồ!” Tô Di không hề vì lời nói quái quỷ của cô ta mà buông tha. “Như Lai, Quan Thế Âm, Chúa Jesus hay Đấng cứu thế? Rốt cuộc cô là vị thần nào?”
Công chúa im lặng trong giây lát rồi nói: “Đại khái ta cũng giống như Nữ Oa của các người vậy!”
Nữ Oa? Nữ Oa vá trời? Nữ Oa tạo người?

2015 December 25, “Chương 33: Nỗi đau xót của Nguyệt Mặc [Chapter 33: Yue Mo’s Pain]”, in Mèo Hoang [Stray Cat]:

“Oh!” Su Yi wasn’t about to let her get away with her crazy talk, “The Buddha? Avalokiteshvara? Jesus Christ? The Messiah? What kind of god are you exactly?”
The princess paused for a moment, then said, “I’m kind of like your goddess Nüwa!”
Nüwa? The Nüwa who patched the heavens? The Nüwa who molded humanity?


mạt trà

[maːt̚˧˨ʔ t͡ɕaː˨˩]

[maːk̚˨˩ʔ ʈaː˦˩]

[maːk̚˨˩˨ ʈaː˨˩]


tử thi

[tɨ˧˩ tʰi˧˧]

[tɨ˧˨ tʰɪj˧˧]

[tɨ˨˩˦ tʰɪj˧˧]


chuyển giới

[t͡ɕwiən˧˩ zəːj˧˦]

[t͡ɕwiəŋ˧˨ jəːj˨˩˦]

[c⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩˦ jəːj˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-chuyển giới.wav

Blend of chuyển (“to change”) + giới tính (“binary gender; biological sex”), calque of English sex change or transgender


khuếch đại

[xwəjk̟̚˧˦ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ]

[kʰwet̚˦˧˥ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ]

[xwet̚˦˧˥ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ]

[kʰwəːt̚˦˥ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨]

[xwəːt̚˦˥ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨]

(electromagnetism, electronics, acoustics) to amplify


tân tinh

[tən˧˧ tïŋ˧˧]

[təŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

[təŋ˧˧ tɨn˧˧]


sóc vọng

[ʂawk͡p̚˦˧˥ vawŋ͡m˨˩ʔ]

[sawk͡p̚˦˧˥ vɔŋ˨˩ʔ]

[ʂawk͡p̚˦˥ vawŋ͡m˨˩˨]


bộ gõ

[ʔɓo˧˨ʔ ɣɔ˦ˀ˥]

[ʔɓow˨˩ʔ ɣɔ˧˨]

[ʔɓow˨˩˨ ɣɔ˨˩˦]

Nhạc cụ khá đa dạng, gồm bộ dây, bộ hơi và bộ gõ.

(Can we date this quote?), Trần Mạnh Thưởng, Nguyễn Minh Tiến, editors, Việt Nam: văn hóa và du lịch [Vietnam: culture and travel], Thông Tấn Publishing House, page 81:

The instrument is quite versatile, consisting of a string instrument, wind instrument, and percussion instrument.

percussion instrument
percussion instrument


diệt chủng

[ziət̚˧˨ʔ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˩]

[jiək̚˨˩ʔ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˨]

[jiək̚˨˩˨ cʊwŋ͡m˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 滅種, composed of 滅 (“to exterminate”) and 種 (“race”).

vi-etym-sino

Cuối cùng, Holocaust đã cướp đi sinh mạng của hơn 06^([sic]) triệu người Do Thái – đa số bị giết sau hội nghị Wannsee.
Những người tham gia hội nghị trên đều là những kẻ có giáo dục và có ‘văn hóa’. Thế nhưng chúng lại là những nhân tố then chốt trong cuộc diệt chủng người Do Thái.

2022, Trung Hiếu, “Hội nghị diệt chủng Do Thái Wannsee của phát xít Đức vẫn ám ảnh nhân loại đến ngày nay [Nazi Germany's Wannsee Conference to Genocide Jews Still Haunts Humanity Until Today]”, in Tạp Chí Điện Tử Luật Sư Việt Nam [Vietnam Lawyer Journal]:

In the end, the Holocaust robbed over six million Jews of their lives – most being killed after the Wannsee Conference.
Those who participated in that conference were all educated and ‘cultured’. Yet they were key figures in the genocide of Jews.

Trong một bản tuyên bố chung giữa Đức và Namibia, chính phủ Đức lần đầu tiên chính thức thừa nhận những hành động bạo lực do quân đội Phổ (nước Đức ngày nay) gây ra tại vùng đất ngày nay là Namibia là ‘diệt chủng’.

2021 July 13, Nguyên Khang, “Đức đối diện quá khứ của cuộc thảm sát Herero-Nama [Germany Facing Its Past Herero Nama Massacres]”, in Công an nhân dân [The People's Public Security]:

In a joint declaration between Germany and Namibia, the German government for the first time officially recognizes the atrocities committed by the Prussian(-led German) army ([predecessor to] today's Germany) in the territory which is now Namibia as a ‘genocide’.

Joe Biden (2024 April 24) “Statement by President Joe Biden on Armenian Remembrance Day”, in The White House; Vietnamese translation in Vi Trân (2024 April 25) “Tổng thống Biden công nhận thảm sát Armenia là diệt chủng, Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ lên án [Presiden Biden Recognizes the Armenian Massacres as a Genocide; Turkey Denounces]”, in Thanh Niên [Young People]
Chúng tôi tưởng nhớ những người đã chết trong cuộc diệt chủng người Armenia thời Đế quốc Ottoman và tái cam kết ngăn chặn hành động tàn bạo này tái diễn. Chúng tôi xác nhận lịch sử. Chúng tôi không đổ lỗi mà chỉ nhằm đảm bảo điều đã xảy ra không bao giờ lặp lại.
[…] [W]e remember the lives of all those who died in the Ottoman-era Armenian genocide and recommit ourselves to preventing such an atrocity from ever again occurring. […] We affirm the history. We do this not to cast blame but to ensure that what happened is never repeated.

Mike Corder, Raf Casert (2024 January 26) “Top UN court orders Israel to prevent genocide in Gaza but stops short of ordering cease-fire”, in Associated Press; Vietnamese phỏng dịch (“adaption”) in V.N (2024 January 26) “Tòa án LHQ ra lệnh cho Israel ngăn chặn nạn diệt chủng ở Gaza [UN court orders Israel to prevent genocide in Gaza]”, in Dân Việt [Viet's People]
Tòa án phán quyết rằng Israel phải làm tất cả những gì có thể để ngăn chặn nạn diệt chủng, bao gồm cả việc kiềm chế giết hại người Palestine hoặc gây tổn hại cho họ. Nó cũng ra phán quyết rằng họ cần khẩn cấp nhận viện trợ cơ bản cho người dân ở Gaza và Israel nên ngăn chặn và trừng phạt bất kỳ hành vi kích động diệt chủng nào, cùng với các biện pháp khác.
The court ruled that Israel must do all it can to prevent genocide, including refraining from harming or killing Palestinians. It also ruled that Israel must urgently get basic aid to Gaza and that the country should punish any incitement to genocide, among other measures.


Tứ Hải

[tɨ˧˦ haːj˧˩]

[tɨ˨˩˦ haːj˧˨]

[tɨ˦˥ haːj˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Tứ Hải.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 四海, composed of 四 (“four”) and 海 (“sea”).

(Chinese mythology) the four major seas where the four Dragon Kings reign


hộp đêm

[hop̚˧˨ʔ ʔɗem˧˧]

[hop̚˨˩ʔ ʔɗem˧˧]

[hop̚˨˩˨ ʔɗem˧˧]

hộp (“box”) + đêm (“night”), calque of French boîte de nuit (literally “night box”).


Tống

(history) Song, an imperial dynasty of China (960–1279)


xanh dương

[sajŋ̟˧˧ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[sɛɲ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[san˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]


xanh nước biển

[sajŋ̟˧˧ nɨək̚˧˦ ʔɓiən˧˩]

[sɛɲ˧˧ nɨək̚˦˧˥ ʔɓiəŋ˧˨]

[san˧˧ nɨək̚˦˥ ʔɓiəŋ˨˩˦]


Đạo Đức Kinh

[ʔɗaːw˧˨ʔ ʔɗɨk̚˧˦ kïŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗaːw˨˩ʔ ʔɗɨk̚˦˧˥ kɨn˧˧]

[ʔɗaːw˨˩˨ ʔɗɨk̚˦˥ kɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 道德經, composed of 道德 (“morality”) and 經 (“holy book”).

vi-etym-sino

Tao Te Ching (ancient classic Chinese text whose authorship is attributed to Laozi)


Xi Vưu

[sɪj˧˧ vɨw˧˧]

[sɪj˧˧ vɨw˧˧]

[sɪj˧˧ jɨw˧˧]

(Chinese mythology) Chiyou (tribal leader of the ancient Nine Li tribe)


dạ-xoa

[zaː˧˨ʔ swaː˧˧]

[jaː˨˩ʔ swaː˧˧]

[jaː˨˩˨ s⁽ʷ⁾aː˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-dạ-xoa.wav


đồng thanh

Sino-Vietnamese word from 同聲, composed of 同 (“same”) and 聲 (“voice”).

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ tʰajŋ̟˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ tʰɛɲ˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ tʰan˧˧]

(of people's speaking, shouting or singing) in unison


tinh cầu

[tïŋ˧˧ kəw˨˩]

[tɨn˧˧ kəw˦˩]

[tɨn˧˧ kəw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 星球 (“spherical celestial body”).


đái ra quần

[ʔɗaːj˧˦ zaː˧˧ kwən˨˩]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˦ ʐaː˧˧ kwəŋ˦˩]

[ʔɗaːj˦˥ ɹaː˧˧ wəŋ˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-đái ra quần.wav

(informal) to piss one's pants, especially because of fright


xám xịt

[saːm˦˧˥ sit̚˨˩ʔ]

[saːm˦˥ sɨt̚˨˩˨]


thiên cầu

[tʰiən˧˧ kəw˨˩]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ kəw˦˩]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ kəw˨˩]


đám tang

[ʔɗaːm˧˦ taːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗaːm˦˧˥ taːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗaːm˦˥ taːŋ˧˧]


bôi đen

[ʔɓoj˧˧ ʔɗɛn˧˧]

[ʔɓoj˧˧ ʔɗɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓoj˧˧ ʔɗɛŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-bôi đen.wav

(writing, printing) to use black or blue ink to "delete" or redact text


gió bấc

[zɔ˧˦ ʔɓək̚˧˦]

[jɔ˨˩˦ ʔɓək̚˦˧˥]

[jɔ˦˥ ʔɓək̚˦˥]

gió + bấc, non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 北 (“north”, SV: bắc).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">bắc</i>

vi-etym-sino

northern wind during the winter months in Northern Vietnam

gió heo may

northern wind during the late summer-autumn months


đại tiểu tiện

[ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ tiəw˧˩ tiən˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ tiw˧˨ tiəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ tiw˨˩˦ tiəŋ˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-đại tiểu tiện.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 大小便, composed of 大 (“large”), 小 (“small”) and 便 (“waste”), blend of đại tiện (“to defecate”) + tiểu tiện (“to urinate”).


địa lôi

[ʔɗiə˧˨ʔ loj˧˧]

[ʔɗiə˨˩ʔ loj˧˧]

[ʔɗiə˨˩˨ loj˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 地雷, composed of 地 (“land”) and 雷 (“thunder”).


thuỷ lôi

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ loj˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 水雷, composed of 水 (“water”) and 雷 (“thunder”).


thập tử nhất sinh

[tʰəp̚˧˨ʔ tɨ˧˩ ɲət̚˧˦ sïŋ˧˧]

[tʰəp̚˨˩ʔ tɨ˧˨ ɲək̚˦˧˥ ʂɨn˧˧]

[tʰəp̚˨˩ʔ tɨ˧˨ ɲək̚˦˧˥ sɨn˧˧]

[tʰəp̚˨˩˨ tɨ˨˩˦ ɲək̚˦˥ ʂɨn˧˧]

[tʰəp̚˨˩˨ tɨ˨˩˦ ɲək̚˦˥ sɨn˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-thập tử nhất sinh.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 十死一生 (“the odds of death are 10-1”). Compare Chinese 九死一生 (jiǔsǐyīshēng, “the odds of death are 9-1”).

cog

(of illnesses or conditions) highly fatal or critical


mộc cầm

[məwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ kəm˨˩]

[məwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ kəm˦˩]

[məwk͡p̚˨˩˨ kəm˨˩]


sao Hoả

[ʂaːw˧˧ hwaː˧˨]

[ʂaːw˧˧ waː˨˩˦]

[saːw˧˧ waː˨˩˦]

sao (“star”) + hoả (“Sino-Vietnamese of 火”). Calque of Chinese 火星 (Hoả tinh, literally “Fire Star”).

cal

<i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Hoả tinh</i>


sao Thổ

[ʂaːw˧˧ tʰow˧˨]

[ʂaːw˧˧ tʰow˨˩˦]

sao (“star”) + thổ (“Sino-Vietnamese of 土”). Calque of Chinese 土星 (Thổ tinh, literally “Earth Star”).

cal

<i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Thổ tinh</i>


sao Mộc

[saːw˧˧ məwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʂaːw˧˧ məwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[saːw˧˧ məwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʂaːw˧˧ məwk͡p̚˨˩˨]

[saːw˧˧ məwk͡p̚˨˩˨]

sao (“star”) + mộc (“Sino-Vietnamese word from 木”). Calque of Chinese 木星 (Mộc tinh, literally “Wood Star”).

compound

Sino-Vietnamese word from <i class="Hani mention" lang="vi">木</i>

cal

<i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Mộc tinh</i>


sao Hải Vương

[saːw˧˧ haːj˧˩ vɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʂaːw˧˧ haːj˧˨ vɨəŋ˧˧]

[saːw˧˧ haːj˧˨ vɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʂaːw˧˧ haːj˨˩˦ vɨəŋ˧˧]

[saːw˧˧ haːj˨˩˦ jɨəŋ˧˧]

sao (“star”) + hải vương (“Sino-Vietnamese of 海王”). Calque of Chinese 海王星 (Hải Vương tinh, literally “Sea King Star”).

cal

<i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Hải Vương tinh</i>


sao Thiên Vương

[saːw˧˧ tʰiən˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʂaːw˧˧ tʰiəŋ˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧]

[saːw˧˧ tʰiəŋ˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʂaːw˧˧ tʰiəŋ˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧]

[saːw˧˧ tʰiəŋ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

sao (“star”) + thiên vương (“Sino-Vietnamese of 天王”). Calque of Chinese 天王星 (Thiên Vương tinh, literally “Sky King Star”).

cal

<i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Thiên Vương tinh</i>


nước dãi

[nɨək̚˧˦ zaːj˦ˀ˥]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ jaːj˧˨]

[nɨək̚˦˥ jaːj˨˩˦]


Hậu Nghệ

[həw˧˨ʔ ŋe˧˨ʔ]

[həw˨˩ʔ ŋej˨˩ʔ]

[həw˨˩˨ ŋej˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 后羿, from Chinese 后羿 (Hòuyì).


thiên đỉnh

[tʰiən˧˧ ʔɗïŋ˧˩]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ ʔɗɨn˧˨]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ ʔɗɨn˨˩˦]


hồng hào

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ haːw˨˩]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ haːw˦˩]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ haːw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 紅 (“red”) and 豪 (“great”).

vi-etym-sino

(of complexion) pinkish in a way that indicates good health or beauty


nhạc khí

[ɲaːk̚˧˨ʔ xi˧˦]

[ɲaːk̚˨˩ʔ kʰɪj˨˩˦]

[ɲaːk̚˨˩ʔ xɪj˨˩˦]

[ɲaːk̚˨˩˨ kʰɪj˦˥]

[ɲaːk̚˨˩˨ xɪj˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-nhạc khí.wav


âm hạch

[ʔəm˧˧ hajk̟̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔəm˧˧ hat̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔəm˧˧ hat̚˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-âm hạch.wav


Át-lát

[ʔaːt̚˧˦ laːt̚˧˦]

[ʔaːk̚˦˧˥ laːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔaːk̚˦˥ laːk̚˦˥]


Bàn Cổ

[ʔɓaːn˨˩ ko˧˩]

[ʔɓaːŋ˦˩ kow˧˨]

[ʔɓaːŋ˨˩ kow˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 盤古, from Chinese 盤古／盘古 (Pángǔ).

烝(Chưng)初(xưa)𠁀(đời)混(hỗn)茫(mang) 渚(chưa)支(chia)𡗶(trời)坦(đất)
𤤰(Vua)盤(Bàn)古(Cổ)頭(đầu)生(sanh)𦋦(ra) 買(mới)𢬦(rẽ)氣(khí)陰(âm)氣(khí)陽(dương)

1882, by Anonymous, 初學問津 (Sơ học vấn tân):

Around the time of the primodial chaos, when heaven and earth were yet not separate,
[this is when] the great Bàn Cổ (Pangu) was born and began to divide Yin [from] Yang.


Tây Liêu

(historical) the Western Liao dynasty (1124–1218 C.E.)


Tây Vương Mẫu

[təj˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧ məw˦ˀ˥]

[təj˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧ məw˧˨]

[təj˧˧ vɨəŋ˧˧ məw˨˩˦]

[təj˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧ məw˨˩˦]

(Chinese religion, Chinese mythology) Queen Mother of the West (goddess)


hát bè

[haːt̚˧˦ ʔɓɛ˨˩]

[haːk̚˦˧˥ ʔɓɛ˦˩]

[haːk̚˦˥ ʔɓɛ˨˩]


amoniac

[ʔaː˧˧ mo˧˧ ni˧˧ ʔak̚˧˦]

[ʔaː˧˧ mow˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔak̚˦˧˥]

[ʔaː˧˧ mow˧˧ nɪj˧˧ ʔak̚˦˥]


Lộc

[ləwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ləwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ləwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


giao hợp

[zaːw˧˧ həːp̚˧˨ʔ]

[jaːw˧˧ həːp̚˨˩ʔ]

[jaːw˧˧ həːp̚˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-giao hợp.wav

(formal, of people) to engage in sexual intercourse


bò húc

[ʔɓɔ˨˩ hʊwk͡p̚˧˦]

[ʔɓɔ˦˩ hʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓɔ˨˩ hʊwk͡p̚˦˥]

- Vậy cho cháu hai lon Bò Húc!
Huy nhìn tôi không chớp mắt, còn tôi cười hì hì giải thích.
Tớ nghĩ đi nghĩ lại thì, nên uống Bò Húc vẫn hơn. Chiều còn dạy mấy em lớp dưới chơi đàn.

2016, Kio, Chuyện của Ju và Ki [The Story of Ju and Ki], Nhà xuất bản Văn học:

"I'd like two Red Bulls, please!"
Huy looked at me unblinkingly, and I explained to him smilingly.
"I changed my mind, Red Bull's better. I'll be teaching the guitar to some of the underclassmen this afternoon."


Ngưu Lang

[ŋiw˧˧ laːŋ˧˧]

[ŋɨw˧˧ laːŋ˧˧]

[ŋɨw˧˧ laːŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 牛郎, composed of 牛 (“cattle”) and 郎 (“boy”), Chinese 牛郎 (niúláng).

(Chinese mythology, folklore) the Cowherd


Chức Nữ

[t͡ɕɨk̚˧˦ nɨ˦ˀ˥]

[t͡ɕɨk̚˦˧˥ nɨ˧˨]

[cɨk̚˦˥ nɨ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 織女, composed of 織 (“to weave”) and 女 (“girl”), from Chinese 織女／织女 (zhīnǚ). Compare Japanese 織姫 (Orihime, literally “Weaving Lady”).

ncog

(Chinese mythology, folklore) the Weaver Girl


Huyền Vũ

[hwiəŋ˦˩ vʊw˧˨]

[wiəŋ˨˩ vʊw˨˩˦]

[wiəŋ˨˩ jʊw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 玄武, composed of 玄 (“black”) and 武 (“warrior”), from Literary Chinese 玄武 (Xuánwǔ).


Trấn Vũ

[t͡ɕən˧˦ vu˦ˀ˥]

[ʈəŋ˦˧˥ vʊw˧˨]

[ʈəŋ˦˥ vʊw˨˩˦]

[ʈəŋ˦˥ jʊw˨˩˦]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 真武 (“True Warrior”, SV: Chân Vũ), a misreading that may have been confused with 振武 (chấn/chân vũ/võ, “to exert military might”). Compare Japanese 振武 (shinbu) and Japanese 真武 (Shinbu).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">Chân Vũ</i>


Nguỵ

(historical) Wei, an ancient Chinese state

(historical) the Northern Wei dynasty (386–535 C.E.)


Chu Tước

[t͡ɕu˧˧ tɨək̚˧˦]

[t͡ɕʊw˧˧ tɨək̚˦˧˥]

[cʊw˧˧ tɨək̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 朱雀, composed of 朱 (“vermilion”) and 雀 (“sparrow”), from Literary Chinese 朱雀 (zhūquè).


Bạch Hổ

[ʔɓajk̟̚˧˨ʔ ho˧˩]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩ʔ how˧˨]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩˨ how˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 白虎, composed of 白 (“white”) and 虎 (“tiger”), from Literary Chinese 白虎 (báihǔ).

Bạch Hổ Hoạt Lạc Cao


hoàng đạo

[hwaːŋ˨˩ ʔɗaːw˧˨ʔ]

[hwaːŋ˦˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩ʔ]

[waːŋ˨˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoàng đạo.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 黃道, composed of 黃 (“yellow”) and 道 (“path”).


cứu hoả

[kɨw˨˩˦ hwaː˧˨]

[kɨw˦˥ waː˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 救火, composed of 救 (“to rescue”) and 火 (“fire”).

xe cứu hoả

lính cứu hoả


nước ngọt có ga

[nɨək̚˧˦ ŋɔt̚˧˨ʔ kɔ˧˦ ɣaː˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ ŋɔk̚˨˩ʔ kɔ˨˩˦ ɣaː˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˥ ŋɔk̚˨˩˨ kɔ˦˥ ɣaː˧˧]

nước ngọt (“sweet drink”) + có (“having, possessing”) + ga (“gas, carbon dioxide”).


tì hưu

[tɪj˦˩ hɨw˧˧]

[tɪj˨˩ hɨw˧˧]


trúng độc

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˦ ʔɗəwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˦˧˥ ʔɗəwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˦˥ ʔɗəwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


thạch cao

[tʰajk̟̚˧˨ʔ kaːw˧˧]

[tʰat̚˨˩ʔ kaːw˧˧]

[tʰat̚˨˩˨ kaːw˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 石膏, composed of 石 (“rock; stone”) and 膏 (“paste”).


nhạc trưởng

[ɲaːk̚˧˨ʔ t͡ɕɨəŋ˧˩]

[ɲaːk̚˨˩ʔ ʈɨəŋ˧˨]

[ɲaːk̚˨˩˨ ʈɨəŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 樂長, composed of 樂 and 長.


dầm dề

Còn lại những giọt nước mồ côi uể oải gõ vào những tấm tăng báo hiệu sắp dứt cái giai điệu dầm dề suốt một ngày một đêm qua.

1978, Chu Lai, chapter 2, in Nắng đồng bằng, NXB Quân đội Nhân dân:

Just a couple of lonely drops tiredly knocking on the tent were left, signalling the imminent end of the interminable melody that had gone on for a day and a night.


Hòn Vọng Phu

[hɔn˨˩ vawŋ͡m˧˨ʔ fu˧˧]

[hɔŋ˦˩ vawŋ͡m˨˩ʔ fʊw˧˧]

[hɔŋ˦˩ vɔŋ˨˩ʔ fʊw˧˧]

[hɔŋ˨˩ vawŋ͡m˨˩˨ fʊw˧˧]

[hɔŋ˨˩ jawŋ͡m˨˩˨ fʊw˧˧]

hòn (rock/stone/pebble classifier) + Chinese 望夫 (literally “to wait for the husband”), calque of Chinese 望夫石 (Vọng Phu Thạch, “Amah Rock”), from the myth about a woman who faithfully waited for her husband for so long that she became petrified.


cacbon đioxit

[kaːk̚˧˦ ʔɓɔn˧˧ ʔɗi˧˧ ʔo˧˧ sit̚˧˦]

[kaːk̚˦˧˥ ʔɓɔŋ˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧ sit̚˦˧˥]

[kaːk̚˦˥ ʔɓɔŋ˧˧ ʔɗɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧ sɨt̚˦˥]


khí cacbonic

[xi˧˦ kaːk̚˧˦ ʔɓɔn˧˧ nïk̟̚˧˦]

[xi˧˦ kaːk̚˧˦ ʔɓɔ˧˧ nïk̟̚˧˦]

[kʰɪj˨˩˦ kaːk̚˦˧˥ ʔɓɔŋ˧˧ nïk̟̚˦˧˥]

[xɪj˨˩˦ kaːk̚˦˧˥ ʔɓɔŋ˧˧ nïk̟̚˦˧˥]

[kʰɪj˨˩˦ kaːk̚˦˧˥ ʔɓɔ˧˧ nïk̟̚˦˧˥]

[xɪj˨˩˦ kaːk̚˦˧˥ ʔɓɔ˧˧ nïk̟̚˦˧˥]

[kʰɪj˦˥ kaːk̚˦˥ ʔɓɔŋ˧˧ nïk̟̚˦˥]

[xɪj˦˥ kaːk̚˦˥ ʔɓɔŋ˧˧ nïk̟̚˦˥]

[kʰɪj˦˥ kaːk̚˦˥ ʔɓɔ˧˧ nïk̟̚˦˥]

[xɪj˦˥ kaːk̚˦˥ ʔɓɔ˧˧ nïk̟̚˦˥]


nước mặn

[nɨək̚˧˦ man˧˨ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ maŋ˨˩ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˥ maŋ˨˩˨]


nước lạnh

[nɨək̚˧˦ lajŋ̟˧˨ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ lɛɲ˨˩ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˥ lan˨˩˨]

Trong khoang xe EcoSport hoàn toàn mới có 20 chỗ chứa đồ rất tiện dụng, bao gồm ngăn chứa đồ có thể đựng được đến 6 lon nước lạnh.

2016 September 16, “Ford ‘trình làng’ phiên bản xe thể thao đặc biệt EcoSport Titanium”, in Tạp chí Tài chính, Hanoi, retrieved 2022-08-05:

Inside the all-new EcoSport’s interior, there are 20 very useful compartments, including trays that can hold up to six beverage cans.

any beverage typically served cold, especially juice or soft drink

(dated, Southern Vietnam) unboiled water


lục trà

[lʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ t͡ɕaː˨˩]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ ʈaː˦˩]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨ ʈaː˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 綠茶, composed of 綠 (“green”) and 茶 (“tea”).


quang cầu

[kwaːŋ˧˧ kəw˨˩]

[kwaːŋ˧˧ kəw˦˩]

[waːŋ˧˧ kəw˨˩]


trà đen

[t͡ɕaː˨˩ ʔɗɛn˧˧]

[ʈaː˦˩ ʔɗɛŋ˧˧]

[ʈaː˨˩ ʔɗɛŋ˧˧]


ngũ mã phanh thây

[ŋu˦ˀ˥ maː˦ˀ˥ fajŋ̟˧˧ tʰəj˧˧]

[ŋʊw˧˨ maː˧˨ fɛɲ˧˧ tʰəj˧˧]

[ŋʊw˨˩˦ maː˨˩˦ fan˧˧ tʰəj˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-ngũ mã phanh thây.wav

Partial calque of Chinese 五馬分屍／五马分尸 (ngũ mã phân thi), but with the substitution of phân (分) with the etymologically unrelated phanh through phono-semantic matching.

pcal

(historical) dismemberment with five horses


xích kinh

[sïk̟̚˧˦ kïŋ˧˧]

[sɨt̚˦˧˥ kɨn˧˧]

[sɨt̚˦˥ kɨn˧˧]


xích vĩ

[sïk̟̚˧˦ vi˦ˀ˥]

[sɨt̚˦˧˥ vɪj˧˨]

[sɨt̚˦˥ vɪj˨˩˦]

[sɨt̚˦˥ jɪj˨˩˦]


dây tóc

dây (“a string, a cord, a rope, etc.”) + tóc (“head hair”).


bảo bối

[ʔɓaːw˧˩ ʔɓoj˧˦]

[ʔɓaːw˧˨ ʔɓoj˨˩˦]

[ʔɓaːw˨˩˦ ʔɓoj˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 寶貝 (“precious shell”), from Chinese 寶貝／宝贝 (bǎobèi). See also Chinese 神奇寶貝／神奇宝贝 (Thần kì Bảo bối, “Pokémon”, literally “Magical Babies”).

cog

(uncommon, in translations from Chinese bootleg DVDs) Short for bảo bối thần kì (“Pokémon”).


vi khí hậu

[vi˧˧ xi˧˦ həw˧˨ʔ]

[vɪj˧˧ kʰɪj˨˩˦ həw˨˩ʔ]

[vɪj˧˧ xɪj˨˩˦ həw˨˩ʔ]

[vɪj˧˧ kʰɪj˦˥ həw˨˩˨]

[jɪj˧˧ xɪj˦˥ həw˨˩˨]


âm hưởng

[ʔəm˧˧ hɨəŋ˧˩]

[ʔəm˧˧ hɨəŋ˧˨]

[ʔəm˧˧ hɨəŋ˨˩˦]


âm giai

[ʔəm˧˧ zaːj˧˧]

[ʔəm˧˧ jaːj˧˧]

[ʔəm˧˧ jaːj˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 音階, composed of 音 (“sound”) and 階 (“step; stair”).


biên chung

[ʔɓiən˧˧ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʔɓiəŋ˧˧ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʔɓiəŋ˧˧ cʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

(music) bianzhong (a set of bronze bells used in the music of ancient China)


bồng lai

[ʔɓəwŋ͡m˨˩ laːj˧˧]

[ʔɓəwŋ͡m˦˩ laːj˧˧]

[ʔɓəwŋ͡m˨˩ laːj˧˧]

(Chinese mythology) paradise; heaven; Penglai


biên khánh

[ʔɓiən˧˧ xajŋ̟˧˦]

[ʔɓiəŋ˧˧ kʰɛɲ˦˧˥]

[ʔɓiəŋ˧˧ xɛɲ˦˧˥]

[ʔɓiəŋ˧˧ kʰan˦˥]

[ʔɓiəŋ˧˧ xan˦˥]


mã đầu cầm

[maː˦ˀ˥ ʔɗəw˨˩ kəm˨˩]

[maː˧˨ ʔɗəw˦˩ kəm˦˩]

[maː˨˩˦ ʔɗəw˨˩ kəm˨˩]


Bắc Đẩu thất tinh

[ʔɓak̚˧˦ ʔɗəw˧˩ tʰət̚˧˦ tïŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ ʔɗəw˧˨ tʰək̚˦˧˥ tɨn˧˧]

[ʔɓak̚˦˥ ʔɗəw˨˩˦ tʰək̚˦˥ tɨn˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Bắc Đẩu thất tinh.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 北 (“north”), 斗 (“dipper”), 七 (“seven”) and 星 (“star”).


ca dao

Vietnamese folk song, often recited or sung as a poem, idiom or proverb without accompaniment


u minh

[ʔu˧˧ mïŋ˧˧]

[ʔʊw˧˧ mɨn˧˧]

[ʔʊw˧˧ mɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 幽明, composed of 幽 (“gloomy”) and 明 (“bright”).

(occult) this world and the otherworld; the world of the living and the world of the dead


thị sai

[tʰi˧˨ʔ saːj˧˧]

[tʰɪj˨˩ʔ ʂaːj˧˧]

[tʰɪj˨˩ʔ saːj˧˧]

[tʰɪj˨˩˨ ʂaːj˧˧]

[tʰɪj˨˩˨ saːj˧˧]


thiên để

[tʰiən˧˧ ʔɗe˧˩]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ ʔɗej˧˨]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ ʔɗej˨˩˦]


楼撑

楼(lầu)撑(xanh)固(có)媒(mụ)秀(Tú)⿱𣲩女(bà)

1820, Nguyễn Du (阮攸), Truyện Kiều (傳翹) [The Tale of Kieu], Liễu Văn Ðường edition, published 1866, line 809:

Inside the brothel was an old lady named Tú bà

Nôm form of lầu xanh (“(history, literary) a brothel”).


樓撑

樓(lầu)撑(xanh)買(mới)𢷀(rủ)帳(trướng)桃(đào)/強(càng)撩(treo)價(giá)玉(ngọc)強(càng)高(cao)品(phẩm)𠊚(người)

1820, Nguyễn Du, Truyện Kiều (傳翹) [The Tale of Kieu], published 1870, lines 1227-1228:


trà xanh

[t͡ɕaː˨˩ sajŋ̟˧˧]

[ʈaː˦˩ sɛɲ˧˧]

[ʈaː˨˩ san˧˧]


cận điểm

[kən˧˨ʔ ʔɗiəm˧˩]

[kəŋ˨˩ʔ ʔɗiəm˧˨]

[kəŋ˨˩˨ ʔɗim˨˩˦]

(astronomy) a perigee; periapsis; near apsis


củng điểm

[kʊwŋ͡m˧˩ ʔɗiəm˧˩]

[kʊwŋ͡m˧˨ ʔɗiəm˧˨]

[kʊwŋ͡m˨˩˦ ʔɗim˨˩˦]

(astronomy) an apsis (a kind of orbital extrema)


hành hình

[hajŋ̟˨˩ hïŋ˨˩]

[hɛɲ˦˩ hɨn˦˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 行刑 (“to execute punishment”).


trống chầu

[t͡ɕəwŋ͡m˧˦ t͡ɕəw˨˩]

[ʈəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ t͡ɕəw˦˩]

[ʈəwŋ͡m˦˥ cəw˨˩]

trống (“drum”) + chầu (“session/ritual”).

com

(music) a type of drum that is double-sided and cylindrical


chầu trời

[t͡ɕəw˨˩ t͡ɕəːj˨˩]

[t͡ɕəw˦˩ ʈəːj˦˩]

[cəw˨˩ ʈəːj˨˩]

(humorous) Synonym of chết (“to die; to pass away”)


kính viễn vọng

[kïŋ˧˦ viən˦ˀ˥ vawŋ͡m˧˨ʔ]

[kɨn˦˧˥ viəŋ˧˨ vawŋ͡m˨˩ʔ]

[kɨn˦˧˥ viəŋ˧˨ vɔŋ˨˩ʔ]

[kɨn˦˥ viəŋ˨˩˦ vawŋ͡m˨˩˨]

[kɨn˦˥ jiəŋ˨˩˦ jawŋ͡m˨˩˨]

Calque of Chinese 望遠鏡／望远镜 (vọng viễn kính).


xuân hạ thu đông

[swən˧˧ haː˧˨ʔ tʰu˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[swəŋ˧˧ haː˨˩ʔ tʰʊw˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]

[s⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˧˧ haː˨˩˨ tʰʊw˧˧ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧]


chí chát

[t͡ɕi˧˦ t͡ɕaːt̚˧˦]

[t͡ɕɪj˨˩˦ t͡ɕaːk̚˦˧˥]

[cɪj˦˥ caːk̚˦˥]


ạch

(sound) a flop; whack; smack (especially of a falling object)


cồng chiêng

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩ t͡ɕiəŋ˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˦˩ t͡ɕiəŋ˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˨˩ ciəŋ˧˧]


hoà nhạc

[hwaː˨˩ ɲaːk̚˧˨ʔ]

[hwaː˦˩ ɲaːk̚˨˩ʔ]

[waː˨˩ ɲaːk̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 和樂, composed of 和 (“to echo”) and 樂 (“music”).


công năng

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ naŋ˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ naŋ˧˧]

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ naŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 功能, composed of 功 (“work”) and 能 (“ability; energy”).

Công năng Diatonic

(music) function; harmonic function (relation to a tonal center)


đoài

Sino-Vietnamese word from 兌, which is typically read as đoái.

(Taoism, cosmology) the second trigram (☱) of the eight trigrams (representing marsh, metal, southeast and then west).


đờn ca tài tử

[ʔɗəːn˨˩ kaː˧˧ taːj˨˩ tɨ˧˩]

[ʔɗəːŋ˦˩ kaː˧˧ taːj˦˩ tɨ˧˨]

[ʔɗəːŋ˨˩ kaː˧˧ taːj˨˩ tɨ˨˩˦]

đờn (southern variant of đàn (“musical instrument”)) + ca (“to sing”) + tài tử (“amateur”)

af

southern variant of <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">đàn</i> (“musical instrument”)

(music) a type of traditional musical performance in southern Vietnam


tài tử

[taːj˨˩ tɨ˧˩]

[taːj˦˩ tɨ˧˨]

[taːj˨˩ tɨ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 才子, composed of 才 (“talent”) and 子 (“male master”). Compare Khổng Tử (“Confucius”, literally “Master Kong”) and Mạnh Tử (“Mencius”, literally “Master Meng”).

vi-etym-sino

(art, film, television, music) an A-list artist, actor, etc. who works in show business


tài tử

[taːj˨˩ tɨ˧˩]

[taːj˦˩ tɨ˧˨]

[taːj˨˩ tɨ˨˩˦]

đờn ca tài tử

(art, music) Synonym of nghiệp dư (“amateur”)


nước tăng lực

[nɨək̚˧˦ taŋ˧˧ lɨk̚˧˨ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ taŋ˧˧ lɨk̚˨˩ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˥ taŋ˧˧ lɨk̚˨˩˨]

nước (“drink”) + tăng (“增, to boost”) + lực (“力, power”).

af

an energy drink (a kind of highly caffeinated beverage)


kèn bầu

[kɛn˨˩ ʔɓəw˨˩]

[kɛŋ˦˩ ʔɓəw˦˩]

[kɛŋ˨˩ ʔɓəw˨˩]

woodwind instrument
woodwind instrument#English

(music) a double reed woodwind instrument with a gourd-shaped end piece and seven fingerholes


phù chú

[fu˨˩ t͡ɕu˧˦]

[fʊw˦˩ t͡ɕʊw˨˩˦]

[fʊw˨˩ cʊw˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 符咒, composed of 符 (“charm”) and 咒 (“incantation”).

vi-etym-sino

(Taoism, collectively) talismans and incantations


chủ âm

[t͡ɕu˧˩ ʔəm˧˧]

[t͡ɕʊw˧˨ ʔəm˧˧]

[cʊw˨˩˦ ʔəm˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 主音, composed of 主 (“primary”) and 音 (“tone”).


nghênh xuân

[ŋəjŋ̟˧˧ swən˧˧]

[ŋen˧˧ swəŋ˧˧]

[ŋəːn˧˧ s⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˧˧]


mưa rào

[mɨə˧˧ zaːw˨˩]

[mɨə˧˧ ʐaːw˦˩]

[mɨə˧˧ ɹaːw˨˩]


mưa ngâu

[mɨə˧˧ ŋəw˧˧]

[mɨə˧˧ ŋəw˧˧]

[mɨə˧˧ ŋəw˧˧]

mưa (“rain”) + ngâu (“the beginning of the seventh lunar month”).

com

sudden and brief shower (in the seventh lunar month)


ngũ hành

[ŋu˦ˀ˥ hajŋ̟˨˩]

[ŋʊw˧˨ hɛɲ˦˩]

[ŋʊw˨˩˦ han˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 五行, composed of 五 (“five”) and 行 (“constant change”).


giốc

[jəwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 角 (SV: giác).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">giác</i>

vi-etym-sino

(music) the third note in the classic pentatonic scale


luyện đan

[lwiən˧˨ʔ ʔɗaːn˧˧]

[lwiəŋ˨˩ʔ ʔɗaːŋ˧˧]

[l⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩˨ ʔɗaːŋ˧˧]

Thứ nhất là y đạo, luyện đan không thành nhưng về việc chữa bệnh qua đó cũng biết được không ít.

2005, chapter 1, in Cao Tự Thanh, transl., Anh hùng xạ điêu, Văn học, translation of 射雕英雄传 by Jīn Yōng (Kim Dung):

First, I'm don't master either the art of healing nor the preparation of life elixirs, but through them I did learn quite a lot of curing diseases.

(Taoism, historical) art of preparing elixirs of life


ngũ cung

[ŋu˦ˀ˥ kʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ŋʊw˧˨ kʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ŋʊw˨˩˦ kʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 五 (“five”) and 宮 (“first note of pentatonic scale”).


siêu thoát

[ʂiw˧˧ tʰwaːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʂiw˧˧ tʰ⁽ʷ⁾aːk̚˦˥]

[siw˧˧ tʰ⁽ʷ⁾aːk̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 超脫, composed of 超 (“to pass”) and 脫 (“to escape”).

Qua báo, cho tôi được chia buồn cùng gia quyến chú Ba, cho tôi được cúi đầu lạy tạ, được khóc trước linh cữu chú, cầu mong cho linh hồn chú được siêu thoát nơi chín suối.

2023, Hoàng Hải Vân, Tấn Tú, Ông Tướng Tình Báo Bí Ẩn Và Những Điệp Vụ Siêu Hạng [The Mysterious Secret Agent and His Extraordinary Missions]:

Through the paper, allow me to send my condolences to Mr. Three's family, to kowtow, to cry before his casket, wishing his soul can move on to the afterlife.

(religion, of a lingering ghost) to move on to the afterlife, such as the land of 極樂／极乐 (jílè, “absolute bliss”) in Buddhism


bát độ

[ʔɓaːt̚˧˦ ʔɗo˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˧˥ ʔɗow˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˥ ʔɗow˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 八度, composed of 八 (“eight”) and 度 (“degree”)


nước biển

[nɨək̚˧˦ ʔɓiən˧˩]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ ʔɓiəŋ˧˨]

[nɨək̚˦˥ ʔɓiəŋ˨˩˦]


săng

From Proto-Vietic *s-raŋ (“wood”). Cognate with Muong Bi khăng, Arem cirɐ̀ŋ.
The meaning "coffin" is derived from the use of wooden coffins and was also the chief meaning of the word in late 19th-early 20th century Vietnamese texts. Although the word survived in a number of compounds, it is now rarely, if ever, used as a stand-alone word.


hằng tinh

[haŋ˨˩ tïŋ˧˧]

[haŋ˦˩ tɨn˧˧]

[haŋ˨˩ tɨn˧˧]


nước có ga

[nɨək̚˧˦ kɔ˧˦ ɣaː˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ kɔ˨˩˦ ɣaː˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˥ kɔ˦˥ ɣaː˧˧]

nước (“water”) + có (“having, possessing”) + ga (“gas, carbon dioxide”).

compound

Tôi không nghĩ họ có nước có ga ở đây.

I don't think they have sparkling water here.


Ta-lét

(hệ quả của )định lí Ta-lét

định lí Ta-lét đảo / định lí đảo của định lí Ta-lét


u ám

[ʔu˧˧ ʔaːm˧˦]

[ʔʊw˧˧ ʔaːm˦˧˥]

[ʔʊw˧˧ ʔaːm˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 幽暗, composed of 幽 (“quiet; secluded”) and 暗 (“dark; obscure”).

vi-etym-sino

(weather) overcast; overshadowed; darkened


cuồng phong

[kuəŋ˨˩ fawŋ͡m˧˧]

[kuəŋ˦˩ fawŋ͡m˧˧]

[kuəŋ˦˩ fɔŋ˧˧]

[kuəŋ˨˩ fawŋ͡m˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 狂風, composed of 狂 (“insane; mad; wild”) and 風 (“wind; air”).


mưa tuyết

[mɨə˧˧ twiət̚˧˦]

[mɨə˧˧ twiək̚˦˧˥]

[mɨə˧˧ t⁽ʷ⁾iək̚˦˥]


vàng chanh

[vaːŋ˨˩ t͡ɕajŋ̟˧˧]

[vaːŋ˦˩ t͡ɕɛɲ˧˧]


du dương

[zu˧˧ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[jʊw˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[jʊw˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

(of music) flowing gently, sometimes high and sometimes low, melodious


Thiên Quyền

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ kwiəŋ˦˩]

[tʰiəŋ˧˧ wiəŋ˨˩]

Trong bảy sao Bắc đẩu thì sao Thiên quyền có độ sáng thấp nhất, lại là chỗ lòng gáo nối với chuôi gáo, rất là xung yếu,[…]

2005, chapter 25, in Cao Tự Thanh, transl., Anh hùng xạ điêu, Văn học, translation of 射雕英雄传 by Jīn Yōng (Kim Dung):

Among the seven stars of the Big Dipper, Megrez is the least bright one while it is where the body of the dipper links to the handle of the dipper, giving it a strategic position, […]

(astronomy) Megrez, δ Ursae Majoris (a star in the constellation of Ursa Major and part of the Plough)


hấp hối

[həp̚˦˧˥ hoj˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 吸 (“to breath in, to inhale”) and 悔 (“to repent, to regret”), probably alluding to the image of a person gasping for air while muttering their last words. Attested in the Dictionarium Anamitico-Latinum (1838).


chanh muối

[t͡ɕajŋ̟˧˧ muəj˧˦]

[t͡ɕɛɲ˧˧ muj˨˩˦]

chanh (“lemon, lime”) + muối (“pickled”).

compound

the beverage made of this ingredient; salty lemonade, salty limeade


sữa đậu nành

[sɨə˦ˀ˥ ʔɗəw˧˨ʔ najŋ̟˨˩]

[ʂɨə˧˨ ʔɗəw˨˩ʔ nɛɲ˦˩]

[sɨə˧˨ ʔɗəw˨˩ʔ nɛɲ˦˩]

[ʂɨə˨˩˦ ʔɗəw˨˩˨ nan˨˩]

[sɨə˨˩˦ ʔɗəw˨˩˨ nan˨˩]


đá chanh

[ʔɗaː˧˦ t͡ɕajŋ̟˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˨˩˦ t͡ɕɛɲ˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˦˥ can˧˧]

đá (“ice cube”) + chanh (“lemon, lime”).

lemonade (flavored beverage consisting of water, lemon, and sweetener)

lemonade (clear, carbonated beverage made from lemon)


ba-rê

[ʔɓaː˧˧ ze˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ ʐej˧˧]

[ʔɓaː˧˧ ɹej˧˧]

bấm ba-rê


dầu xăng

[zəw˨˩ saŋ˧˧]

[jəw˦˩ saŋ˧˧]

[jəw˨˩ saŋ˧˧]

dầu (“oil”) + xăng (“gasoline; petrol”).


Nam Tống

[naːm˧˧ təwŋ͡m˧˦]

[naːm˧˧ təwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[naːm˧˧ təwŋ͡m˦˥]

– Nam Tống triều chính hủ bại, kỵ sĩ như thế mà bỏ không dùng để cho phải rơi rớt nơi thảo dã, sao mình không chọn tài mà dùng?

2005, chapter 2, in Cao Tự Thanh, transl., Anh hùng xạ điêu, Văn học, translation of 射雕英雄传 by Jīn Yōng (Kim Dung):

"The Southern Song court is depraved, to not make use of such a horseman and leave him to eke out a living in the countryside; why don't I make use of his talent?"

(history) the Southern Song dynasty, an imperial dynasty of China (1127–1279)


cõi âm

[kɔj˦ˀ˥ ʔəm˧˧]

[kɔj˧˨ ʔəm˧˧]

[kɔj˨˩˦ ʔəm˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-cõi âm.wav

(Chinese mythology) the world of the dead


đồng quê

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ kwe˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ kwej˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ wej˧˧]

đồng (“field”) + quê (“countryside”).
In the music scene, calque of English country music.


bom nguyên tử

[ʔɓɔm˧˧ ŋwiən˧˧ tɨ˧˩]

[ʔɓɔm˧˧ ŋwiəŋ˧˧ tɨ˧˨]

[ʔɓɔm˧˧ ŋwiəŋ˧˧ tɨ˨˩˦]


chủ thể

[t͡ɕu˧˩ tʰe˧˩]

[t͡ɕʊw˧˨ tʰej˧˨]

[cʊw˨˩˦ tʰej˨˩˦]

Juche (the state ideology of North Korea)


thanh âm

[tʰajŋ̟˧˧ ʔəm˧˧]

[tʰɛɲ˧˧ ʔəm˧˧]

[tʰan˧˧ ʔəm˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 聲音, composed of 聲 (“sound; tone; noise”) and 音 (“sound; phone”).

vi-etym-sino

Nắng xuyên qua màng mưa
thanh âm của anh thì không phải bàn
Gió đung đưa ngoài hiên
câu từ miền tây em nghe sẽ nghiền

2024 January 31, “Căn nhà tranh mái lá [Thatched house]”, performed by Tibicon ft. Deagle and Dub P:

The sun goes through the rain,
my sound needs no further discussion
The wind swinging outside the porch,
any words from the western region will make you get addicted


than hoạt tính

[tʰaːn˧˧ hwaːt̚˧˨ʔ tïŋ˧˦]

[tʰaːŋ˧˧ hwaːk̚˨˩ʔ tɨn˦˧˥]

[tʰaːŋ˧˧ waːk̚˨˩˨ tɨn˦˥]

than (“(char)coal”) + hoạt tính (“activated”), calque of Chinese 活性炭 (hoạt tính thán).

com

activated carbon
activated carbon#English


hung thủ

[hʊwŋ͡m˧˧ tʰu˧˩]

[hʊwŋ͡m˧˧ tʰʊw˧˨]

[hʊwŋ͡m˧˧ tʰʊw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 凶手, composed of 凶 (“fierce”) and 手 (“-er”).

vi-etym-sino

a culprit who is a suspect murderer or assailant


trì tục

[t͡ɕi˨˩ tʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʈɪj˦˩ tʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʈɪj˨˩ tʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


thỏi

thỏi sô-cô-la

vàng thỏi


ánh đèn

[ʔajŋ̟˧˦ ʔɗɛn˨˩]

[ʔɛɲ˦˧˥ ʔɗɛŋ˦˩]

[ʔan˦˥ ʔɗɛŋ˨˩]


oi bức

[ʔɔj˧˧ ʔɓɨk̚˧˦]

[ʔɔj˧˧ ʔɓɨk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɔj˧˧ ʔɓɨk̚˦˥]

(of weather) hot and humid; sweltering; sultry


rượu đế

[ziəw˧˨ʔ ʔɗe˧˦]

[ʐɨəw˨˩ʔ ʔɗej˨˩˦]

[ɹɨəw˨˩˨ ʔɗej˦˥]

rượu (“wine, liquor, drink, alcohol”) + đế (“kans grass”). Originated during the early period of French colonization of Vietnam, were the government allowed only one type of alcoholic beverage for consumption. Unsatisfied with that condition, the Vietnamese resorted to distilling their own liquor and hid it behind tall grass called cỏ tranh (cogon grass), or another kind of grass called đế (kans grass).

com

(Southern Vietnam) a distilled liquor from Vietnam, made of either glutinous or non-glutinous rice


bình cũ rượu mới

(figurative) old form, new content; the new, revised content is still conveyed with the old, familiar form, wording or literary devices


măng-đô-lin

[maŋ˧˧ ʔɗo˧˧ lin˧˧]

[maŋ˧˧ ʔɗow˧˧ lin˧˧]

[maŋ˧˧ ʔɗow˧˧ lɨn˧˧]


Pu-tin

[pʊw˧˧ tɨn˧˧]

Vla-đi-mia Vla-đi-mi-rô-vích Pu-tin

Пу́тин Путин#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian surname Пу́тин (Pútin), Putin


sữa tươi

[sɨə˦ˀ˥ tɨəj˧˧]

[ʂɨə˧˨ tɨj˧˧]

[sɨə˧˨ tɨj˧˧]

[ʂɨə˨˩˦ tɨj˧˧]

[sɨə˨˩˦ tɨj˧˧]


chân nhân

bậc (classifier)
đấng (classifier)
vị (classifier)

[t͡ɕən˧˧ ɲən˧˧]

[t͡ɕəŋ˧˧ ɲəŋ˧˧]

[cəŋ˧˧ ɲəŋ˧˧]

(Taoism) one who has attained the Tao; immortal; true man


i-nốc

[ʔi˧˧ nəwk͡p̚˧˦]

[ʔɪj˧˧ nəwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɪj˧˧ nəwk͡p̚˦˥]

From French inox. Earlier also i-nốc-xi-đáp (“inoxydable”).


nước suối

[nɨək̚˧˦ suəj˧˦]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ ʂuj˨˩˦]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ suj˨˩˦]

[nɨək̚˦˥ ʂuj˦˥]

[nɨək̚˦˥ suj˦˥]

nước (“water”) + suối (“spring”).
The extension to "bottled water" is likely due to bottled water being advertised as being "natural". Compare English springwater.


nước lọc

[nɨək̚˧˦ lawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ lawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˥ lawk͡p̚˨˩˨]

nước (“water”) + lọc (“to filter, to purify”).


hành quyết

[hɛɲ˦˩ kwiək̚˦˧˥]

ngày hành quyết

to execute (to kill for a capital crime)


đạo Lão

[ʔɗaːw˧˨ʔ laːw˦ˀ˥]

[ʔɗaːw˨˩ʔ laːw˧˨]

[ʔɗaːw˨˩˨ laːw˨˩˦]


văn bia

[van˧˧ ʔɓiə˧˧]

[vaŋ˧˧ ʔɓiə˧˧]

[vaŋ˧˧ ʔɓiə˧˧]

[jaŋ˧˧ ʔɓiə˧˧]


trống đồng

[t͡ɕəwŋ͡m˧˦ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʈəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩]

[ʈəwŋ͡m˦˥ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩]

(chiefly archaeology) bronze drum, especially the Heger drum


năm ánh sáng

[nam˧˧ ʔajŋ̟˧˦ saːŋ˧˦]

[nam˧˧ ʔɛɲ˦˧˥ ʂaːŋ˦˧˥]

[nam˧˧ ʔɛɲ˦˧˥ saːŋ˦˧˥]

[nam˧˧ ʔan˦˥ ʂaːŋ˦˥]

[nam˧˧ ʔan˦˥ saːŋ˦˥]

năm + ánh sáng, calque of English light year or calque of French année-lumière.


tân cổ điển

[tən˧˧ ko˧˩ ʔɗiən˧˩]

[təŋ˧˧ kow˧˨ ʔɗiəŋ˧˨]

[təŋ˧˧ kow˨˩˦ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 新 (“neo-”) and 古典 (“classical”).


Hồng bảo thư

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓaːw˧˩ tʰɨ˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɓaːw˧˨ tʰɨ˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓaːw˨˩˦ tʰɨ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 紅寶書, composed of 紅 (“red”), 寶 (“precious”) and 書 (“book”).

(communism) Little Red Book (a book of statements from speeches and writings by Mao Zedong)


một quốc gia, hai chế độ

[mot̚˧˨ʔ kuək̚˧˦ zaː˧˧ haːj˧˧ t͡ɕe˧˦ ʔɗo˧˨ʔ]

[mok̚˨˩ʔ kuək̚˦˧˥ jaː˧˧ haːj˧˧ t͡ɕej˨˩˦ ʔɗow˨˩ʔ]

[mok̚˨˩˨ wək̚˦˥ jaː˧˧ haːj˧˧ cej˦˥ ʔɗow˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-một quốc gia, hai chế độ.wav

Calque of Chinese 一國兩制／一国两制 (nhất quốc lưỡng chế).

cal

one country, two systems
one country, two systems

"one country, two systems" (the principle that Hong Kong and Macau can have political and economic systems distinct from Mainland China's socialism)


Tam Hoàng

[taːm˧˧ waːŋ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 三皇, composed of 三 and 皇.

vi-etym-sino

(Chinese mythology) the Three Sovereigns


thời đại đồ sắt

head

thời đại đồ sắt

thời đại đồ sắt

vi-noun

thời đại đồ sắt

thời đại đồ sắt

[tʰəːj˨˩ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ ʔɗo˨˩ sat̚˧˦]

[tʰəːj˦˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɗow˦˩ ʂak̚˦˧˥]

[tʰəːj˦˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʔɗow˦˩ sak̚˦˧˥]

[tʰəːj˨˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʔɗow˨˩ ʂak̚˦˥]

[tʰəːj˨˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʔɗow˨˩ sak̚˦˥]

thời đại (“age, era, period”) + đồ (“stuff, things”) + sắt (“iron”).