be

chiếc áo mưa màu be


mi

Sino-Vietnamese word from 眉 (“eyebrows”). Doublet of mày. Probably unrelated to mí (“eyelid”).


mi

From Proto-Vietic *miː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *miiʔ. This is the native form in the Central dialects, Northern and Southern dialects borrowed this neutral pronoun with added hostile connotation, probably due to their native mày/mầy.

mầy

originally Northern Vietnam, Southern Vietnam, now chiefly Nẫu

(chiefly Central Vietnam, derogatory in other dialects) you (second person singular pronoun, referring to a peer or person held in low esteem)


mi

đô, rê, mi

(music) mi (third note of diatonic scale)


lam

Sino-Vietnamese word from 藍, from Literary Chinese 藍 (lán), using the same disambiguation of 青 (“grue”) with 藍 /蓝 (lán, “blue”) and 綠 /绿 (lục, “green”). See also xanh (“grue”).


hoe

khóc nhiều mắt đỏ hoe

to cry so much that the eyes become reddish

tóc hoe hoe


dà

According to S. Tandart, Vietnamese traditionally used the bark of this tree to dye their work clothes, hence the color sense.


mun

From Proto-Vietic *ɓuːɲ (“ashes”). Cognate with Muong bunh.


mù

head

mù • (霧, 𩇅, 𩂟)

vi-adj

mù • (霧, 𩇅, 𩂟)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 霧 (“fog”, SV: vụ).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">vụ</i>

vi-etym-sino

tối mù


ô

Khớp con ngựa ngựa ô. / Ngựa ô anh khớp, anh khớp cái kiệu vàng

(Can we date this quote?), “Lí ngựa ô [Ballad of the Black Horse]”:

Bridling a black horse. / The black horse he bridled, he bridled with a golden litter.

Khớp ! Khớp ! Khớp ! Khớp con ngựa ô, ngựa ô, ngựa ô!

(Can we date this quote?), Trần Tiến (lyrics and music), “Ngựa ô thương nhớ [Black Horse of Longing]”:

Bridle! Bridle! Bridle the black horse! The black horse! The black horse!


vàng

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-vàng.wav

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 黃 (SV: hoàng). The semantic development “yellow” > “gold” parallels that of bạc (“white” > “silver”).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">hoàng</i>


trắng

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-trắng.wav

From Proto-Vietic *k-laŋʔ (“white (of the eyes/eggs)”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *klaŋʔ ~ *kla(a)ŋ (“white”). Cognate with Muong tlẳng, Bahnar bơlang.
Attested as tlắng in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).

inh

Trẻ em như tờ giấy trắng.

tắm trắng


quỳnh

Ta mang cho em một đóa quỳnh; quỳnh thơm hay môi em thơm

1974, Trịnh Công Sơn (lyrics and music), “Quỳnh Hương (Ephyllium)”:

I've brought you an epiphyllum blossom; the fragrance, is it the epiphyllum’s or your lips’?


đen

Cognate with Muong ten (“to dye black”) and Chut [Mày] tɛn¹ (Babaev & Samarina, 2018).


hồng

Sino-Vietnamese word from 紅 (“red”).
Semantic shift like this can be seen with other Sino-Vietnamese items that did not displace native terms but were nevertheless borrowed, see trúc (“Phyllostachys spp.”), huyết (“blood curd”).

Bông giấy ngũ sắc có 5 màu: đỏ, hồng, cam, trắng, tím; là loài dễ trồng, ít sâu bệnh, chịu hạn tốt, phù hợp với khí hậu nhiệt đới.

2021, Thành Hiệp, “Thêm một vườn hoa đón du khách check-in [Another flower garden invites tourists to check-in]”, in Cần Thơ News Online:

Five-colored bougainvilleas are either red, pink, orange, white, or purple; they are easy to grow, rarely susceptible to pests and diseases, and drought-tolerant, thus fitting for the tropical climate.

Còn Tuấn Anh khi thấy chiếc xe rực một màu hồng sến sẩm thì méo xệ cả mặt mày.

(Can we date this quote?), Sapis, chapter 3, in Nó thích mày [She Likes You]:

And when Tuấn Anh saw the garishly pink bike, his face contorted.

Trận Stalingrad giữa phát xít Đức và Hồng quân Liên Xô được coi là đẫm máu nhất không chỉ trong Thế chiến 2 mà còn cả trong lịch sử nhân loại.

2015, Trung Hiếu, “Diễn biến trận đánh Stalingrad đẫm máu nhất lịch sử [Timeline of the Battle of Stalingrad, the Bloodiest in History]”, in VOV Online:

The battle of Stalingrad between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Red Army is deemed to be the bloodiest battle in not only the Second World War but also human history.


hồng

cây (classifier)
trái (classifier)
quả (classifier)
đoá (classifier)

Theo ghi nhận của PV, hồng chín có lẽ là một trong những món ăn khoái khẩu của loài dơi. Tại nhiều khu vườn, những trái hồng chín căng mọng đều bị dơi cạp lỗ chỗ.

2022, Võ Tùng, “Nông dân khổ sở vì dơi phá hoại mùa hồng [Farmers in Anguish as Bats Ruin the Persimmon Harvest]”, in Báo Pháp Luật TP. Hồ Chí Minh [Ho Chi Minh City Law Newspaper]:

As noted by this reporter, ripe persimmons are possibly among bats' favorite foods. In many gardens, ripe, plump, and juicy persimmon fruits are all bitten full of holes by bats.

Diospyros kaki
Diospyros kaki#Translingual

What's in a name ? that which we call a rose, By any other name would smell as sweet; [...]

2006 [1597], William Shakespeare, “Romeo and Juliet”, in Đặng Thế Bính, transl., William Shakespeare – Tuyển Tập Tác Phẩm [William Shakespeare – Selected Works], page 82:

Cái tên nào có nghĩa gì? Bông hồng kia, giá gọi bằng một tên khác, thì hương thơm cũng vẫn ngạt ngào.

1842, Karl Marx, “Fünfter Artikel (Fifth Article)” in Debatten über Preßfreiheit und Publikation der Landständischen Verhandlungen (Debates on Freedom of the Press and Publication of the Proceedings of the Assembly of the Estates); 2010 [1975] English translation from Marx/Engels Collected Works, “Vol. 1”; 1995 Vietnamese translation from C. Mác Và Ph. Ăng-ghen Toàn Tập [K. Marx & F. Engels Complete Works], “Vol. 1”
Hồng nào mà chẳng có gai! Nhưng, xin các vị hãy nghĩ xem, các vị bị mất gì cùng với báo chí tự do!
You cannot pluck the rose without its thorns! And what do you lose with a free press?

literally, “Which rose has no thorn? Still, just you think! What do you lose with a free press?”


xanh

head

xanh • (撑, 𩇛, 𩇢, 𫕹) (diminutive reduplication xanh xanh)

撑 (CJK)
𩇛 (CJK)
𩇢 (CJK)
𫕹 (CJK)
xanh xanh (diminutive reduplication)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 青 (“grue”, SV: thanh).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">thanh</i>

vi-etym-sino

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-xanh.wav

Meronyms: lam (“blue”), lục (“green”)

bầu trời xanh thẳm

Lá còn xanh như anh đang còn trẻ. / Lá trên cành, như anh trong đoàn quân.

1950, Hoàng Việt (lyrics and music), “Lá xanh [Green Leaves]”:

A leaf is green, like he is young. / A leaf is on a branch, like he is in a troop.

Em yêu anh, ngả nghiêng, bồng bềnh niềm kiêu hãnh. / Thiên đường xanh mướt, gió trong lành […] Hãy yêu nhau, biển trời xanh mãi !

(Can we date this quote?), Mạnh Quân (lyrics and music), “Thiên đường gọi tên [The Paradise is Saying Your Name]”:

I love you, with drifting, floating pride. / A green paradise, with refreshing winds […] Let's be in love so the sea and the sky remain forever blue!


bạc

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 博 (“to gamble”, SV: bác).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">bác</i>

vi-etym-sino

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-bạc.wav

Đen tình, đỏ bạc.

Bad luck in romance brings good luck in gambling.


măng tây

[maŋ˧˧ təj˧˧]

[maŋ˧˧ təj˧˧]

[maŋ˧˧ təj˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-măng tây.wav

Audio (Hà Nội)

măng (“bamboo shoot”) + tây (“Western”). Compare Khmer ទំពាំងបារាំង (tumpĕəngbaarĕəng, literally “French bamboo shoot”) and Thai หน่อไม้ฝรั่ง (nɔ̀ɔ-máai-fà-ràng, literally “foreign/Western bamboo shoot”).

cog

ទំពាំងបារាំង

ncog

หน่อไม้ฝรั่ง


huyền

đen huyền

tóc huyền

(thanh) huyền

(dấu) huyền

the grave accent for representing the huyền tone


lục

Sino-Vietnamese word from 綠, from Literary Chinese 綠, using the same disambiguation of 青 (“grue”) with 綠 /绿 (“green”) and 藍 /蓝 (lam, “blue”). See also xanh (“grue”).

[lʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


mắt

head

末, 眜, 𬑉, 𥉴, 𪾺

vi-noun

末, 眜, 𬑉, 𥉴, 𪾺

(classifier con, cái) mắt • (末, 眜, 𬑉, 𥉴, 𪾺)

con (classifier)
cái (classifier)
末 (CJK)
眜 (CJK)
𬑉 (CJK)
𥉴 (CJK)
𪾺 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *mat, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *mat. Cognate with Muong Bi măt, Old Mon mɔt (modern Mon မတ်), Bahnar măt, Pacoh mát, Khasi 'mat/khmat, Khmu mat, Mang mat⁷, Car Nicobarese mat, Santali ᱢᱮᱫ (met’). Doublet of mặt.
Compare also Proto-Austronesian *maCa (Malay mata), Proto-Tai *p.taːᴬ (Thai ตา (dtaa)), Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-mjak ~ s-mik (Chinese 目 (mù) (mù < OC *C.muk), Tibetan མིག (mig)).

nước mắt


sắc

Sino-Vietnamese word from 色 (“color; beauty”).

vi-etym-sino

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sắc.wav

bảy sắc cầu vồng


bệch

[ʔɓəjk̟̚˧˨ʔ]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 白 (SV: bạch).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">bạch</i>


phẩm

Sino-Vietnamese word from 品 (“item; article; courtier rank”). Doublet of phím. Compare Japanese 品 (hon, -bon, -pon, “courtier rank”).

cog

nhất phẩm

cửu phẩm

(history) a rank for East Asian courtiers


màu sắc

[maw˦˩ ʂak̚˦˧˥]


lơ

Distinction of blue and green in various languages

Borrowed from French bleu (“blue; billiard chalk”).

Audio (Hà Nội)


xanh lơ

[sajŋ̟˧˧ ləː˧˧]

[sɛɲ˧˧ ləː˧˧]

[san˧˧ ləː˧˧]


tuyến lệ

[twiəŋ˦˧˥ lej˨˩ʔ]

[t⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˦˥ lej˨˩˨]

(anatomy) a lacrimal gland; a tear gland


gỉ

The spelling might be an unetymological spelling originated from the (inland) Northern region, where the ⟨r⟩-⟨gi⟩ merger took place (coastal dialects of southern Red River delta often still maintain the distinction). Compare Arem parɛh ("rusted, rusty").
Both senses listed below are related. Connection between "rust, rusted" and bodily discharges are amply attested crosslinguistically. Compare Muong Bi kếch (“rusted, rusty”) (cognate of Vietnamese cứt (“shit”)), Burmese သံချေး (samhkye:, “rust”).

gỉ mắt

gỉ mũi


đọ mắt

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ʔ mat̚˧˦]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩ʔ mak̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˨ mak̚˦˥]

đọ (“to compete, contend, contest”) + mắt


mực

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 墨 (“ink”, SV: mặc). Doublet of mức. Cognate with Muong Bi mâc, Khmer មឹក (mɨk), Lao ໝຶກ (mưk), Thai หมึก (mʉ̀k).
Clipping of cá mực results in sense "inkfish", whence also sense "squid" by semantic narrowing.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">mặc</i>

vi-etym-sino

chó mực


võng mạc

[vawŋ͡m˦ˀ˥ maːk̚˧˨ʔ]

[vawŋ͡m˧˨ maːk̚˨˩ʔ]

[vɔŋ˧˨ maːk̚˨˩ʔ]

[vawŋ͡m˨˩˦ maːk̚˨˩˨]

[jawŋ͡m˨˩˦ maːk̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 網膜, composed of 網 (“net”) and 膜 (“membrane”).


đui

Borrowed from French douille. Compare Khmer ឌូយ (duuy).


khiếm thị

[xiəm˧˦ tʰi˧˨ʔ]

[kʰiəm˦˧˥ tʰɪj˨˩ʔ]

[xiəm˦˧˥ tʰɪj˨˩ʔ]

[kʰim˦˥ tʰɪj˨˩˨]

[xim˦˥ tʰɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 欠 (“deficient”) and 視 (“to see”)

vi-sinoe

(formal, euphemistic) Synonym of mù (“blind”); visually impaired


chột

(of a human or animal, colloquial, informal, possibly derogatory) having only one functional eye among the two; having one blind eye among the two

(figurative) startled; flustered; panicked (especially in a guilty manner)


chàm

From Proto-Vietic *ɟaːm. Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 藍 (SV: lam). Doublet of lam.
The same phonological development can be also seen with chàng and chạp.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">lam</i>


chàm

đỏ, cam, vàng, lục, lam, chàm, tím

red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet

(cây~) tree of the genus Indigofera, commonly used to make indigo dye


nhắm

mắt nhắm mắt mở

(literally, “one eye closed, one eye open”)

chết không nhắm mắt

(transitive, intransitive) to aim at something, especially with one eye closed

(figurative, transitive) to aim to do something

(figurative, usually followed by tới to đến) to attempt to reach an aim


nhắm

Em ơi, còn gì để anh nhắm rượu với Quang không ?

Honey, is there anything left for Quang and me to nibble on over some shots?

(alcoholism) to eat at a leisure pace with alcohol


xám

head

xám • (監, 藍) (diminutive reduplication xam xám)

監 (CJK)
藍 (CJK)
xam xám (diminutive reduplication)


thị giác

[tʰi˧˨ʔ zaːk̚˧˦]

[tʰɪj˨˩ʔ jaːk̚˦˧˥]

[tʰɪj˨˩˨ jaːk̚˦˥]


chói

Đừng rọi đèn pin vô thẳng mắt người ta nghe chưa, chói lắm.

Don't point a flashlight straight at someone's eyes, it's very bright.


nháy

nháy mắt


cận thị

[kən˧˨ʔ tʰi˧˨ʔ]

[kəŋ˨˩ʔ tʰɪj˨˩ʔ]

[kəŋ˨˩˨ tʰɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 近視, composed of 近 (“near”) and 視 (“vision”).

vi-etym-sino

(pathology) short-sighted; near-sighted; myopic


viễn thị

[viən˦ˀ˥ tʰi˧˨ʔ]

[viəŋ˧˨ tʰɪj˨˩ʔ]

[viəŋ˨˩˦ tʰɪj˨˩˨]

[jiəŋ˨˩˦ tʰɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 遠視, composed of 遠 (“far”) and 視 (“vision”).

(pathology) long-sighted; far-sighted; hypermetropic


xanh lá cây

[sajŋ̟˧˧ laː˧˦ kəj˧˧]

[sɛɲ˧˧ laː˨˩˦ kəj˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-xanh lá cây.wav

xanh (“green or blue”) + lá cây (“leaf”).


biếc

head

biếc • (碧) (diminutive reduplication biêng biếc)

碧 (CJK)
biêng biếc (diminutive reduplication)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 碧 (SV: bích).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">bích</i>

vi-etym-sino

mắt biếc


xanh lè

[sajŋ̟˧˧ lɛ˨˩]

[sɛɲ˧˧ lɛ˦˩]

From xanh (“grue”) + lè; the second element here is probably the same as in chua lè (“very sour”), cay lè (“very spicy”).


thuỷ tinh thể

[tʰwi˧˩ tïŋ˧˧ tʰe˧˩]

[tʰwɪj˧˨ tɨn˧˧ tʰej˧˨]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ tɨn˧˧ tʰej˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 水晶體, composed of 水晶 (“crystal”) and 體 (“body”). Compare Japanese 水晶体 (suishōtai), Korean 수정체 (sujeongche).

bị đục thuỷ tinh thể


nheo

nheo mắt


hắc

to wear an expression of extreme pain on one's face

Loại rau này ăn sống hắc lắm.

This type of vegetable is pungent when eaten raw.


đồng tử

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ tɨ˧˩]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ tɨ˧˨]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ tɨ˨˩˦]


giác mạc

[zaːk̚˧˦ maːk̚˧˨ʔ]

[jaːk̚˦˧˥ maːk̚˨˩ʔ]

[jaːk̚˦˥ maːk̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 角膜, composed of 角 (“horn”) and 膜 (“membrane”).


đỏ lòm

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ lɔm˨˩]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ lɔm˦˩]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ lɔm˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-đỏ lòm.wav

đỏ (“red”) + lòm; the second element likely from Proto-Vietic *lɔːm (“liver”) (cf. Muong Bi lòm (“liver”)), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁ləəm ~ *t₁luəm (“liver”).


vàng khè

[vaːŋ˨˩ xɛ˨˩]

[vaːŋ˦˩ kʰɛ˦˩]

[vaːŋ˦˩ xɛ˦˩]

[vaːŋ˨˩ kʰɛ˨˩]

[jaːŋ˨˩ xɛ˨˩]

Sau quần vàng khè vậy ? Ị đùn à ?

Why are your pants so yellow? Did you shit yourself?


đen thui

[ʔɗɛn˧˧ tʰuj˧˧]

[ʔɗɛŋ˧˧ tʰuj˧˧]

[ʔɗɛŋ˧˧ tʰuj˧˧]

đen thui thùi lùi


trắng toát

[t͡ɕaŋ˧˦ twaːt̚˧˦]

[ʈaŋ˦˧˥ twaːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʈaŋ˦˥ t⁽ʷ⁾aːk̚˦˥]

trắng + toát, possibly a non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 雪 (“snow”, SV: tuyết).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">tuyết</i>


loạn thị

[lwaːn˧˨ʔ tʰi˧˨ʔ]

[lwaːŋ˨˩ʔ tʰɪj˨˩ʔ]

[l⁽ʷ⁾aːŋ˨˩˨ tʰɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 亂視, composed of 亂 (“chaotic”) and 視 (“vision”)


xanh nước biển

[sajŋ̟˧˧ nɨək̚˧˦ ʔɓiən˧˩]

[sɛɲ˧˧ nɨək̚˦˧˥ ʔɓiəŋ˧˨]

[san˧˧ nɨək̚˦˥ ʔɓiəŋ˨˩˦]


xanh dương

[sajŋ̟˧˧ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[sɛɲ˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[san˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧]


xám xịt

[saːm˦˧˥ sit̚˨˩ʔ]

[saːm˦˥ sɨt̚˨˩˨]


bôi đen

[ʔɓoj˧˧ ʔɗɛn˧˧]

[ʔɓoj˧˧ ʔɗɛŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓoj˧˧ ʔɗɛŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-bôi đen.wav

(writing, printing) to use black or blue ink to "delete" or redact text


hồng hào

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ haːw˨˩]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ haːw˦˩]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ haːw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 紅 (“red”) and 豪 (“great”).

(of complexion) pinkish in a way that indicates good health or beauty


vàng chanh

[vaːŋ˨˩ t͡ɕajŋ̟˧˧]

[vaːŋ˦˩ t͡ɕɛɲ˧˧]


kính áp tròng

[kïŋ˧˦ ʔaːp̚˧˦ t͡ɕawŋ͡m˨˩]

[kɨn˦˧˥ ʔaːp̚˦˧˥ ʈawŋ͡m˦˩]

[kɨn˦˧˥ ʔaːp̚˦˧˥ ʈɔŋ˦˩]

[kɨn˦˥ ʔaːp̚˦˥ ʈawŋ͡m˨˩]

kính (“glass”) + áp (“to tightly rest on or make direct contact with”) + tròng (“lens; iris”), perhaps literally meaning either "glasses with lenses making direct contact with the eyeballs" or "glasses making direct contact with the iris".


đỏ au

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ ʔaw˧˧]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ ʔaw˧˧]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ ʔa(ː)w˧˧]


đỏ bừng

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ ʔɓɨŋ˨˩]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ ʔɓɨŋ˦˩]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ ʔɓɨŋ˨˩]


đỏ đắn

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ ʔɗan˧˦]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ ʔɗaŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ ʔɗaŋ˦˥]


đỏ hoe

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ hwɛ˧˧]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ hwɛ˧˧]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ wɛ˧˧]


đỏ gay

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ ɣaj˧˧]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ ɣaj˧˧]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ ɣa(ː)j˧˧]

red-faced due to alcohol, hot weather or anger


đỏ chói

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ t͡ɕɔj˧˦]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ t͡ɕɔj˨˩˦]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ cɔj˦˥]


đỏ quạch

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ kwajk̟̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ kwat̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ wat̚˨˩˨]


đỏ tía

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ tiə˧˦]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ tiə˨˩˦]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ tiə˦˥]


đỏ ửng

[ʔɗɔ˧˩ ʔɨŋ˧˩]

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ ʔɨŋ˧˨]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˦ ʔɨŋ˨˩˦]


vàng hoe

[vaːŋ˨˩ hwɛ˧˧]

[vaːŋ˦˩ hwɛ˧˧]

[vaːŋ˨˩ wɛ˧˧]

[jaːŋ˨˩ wɛ˧˧]


vàng mơ

[vaːŋ˨˩ məː˧˧]

[vaːŋ˦˩ məː˧˧]

[vaːŋ˨˩ məː˧˧]

[jaːŋ˨˩ məː˧˧]

apricot (of a pale yellowish-orange colour, like that of an apricot)


tím biếc

[tim˧˦ ʔɓiək̚˧˦]

[tim˦˧˥ ʔɓiək̚˦˧˥]

[tim˦˥ ʔɓiək̚˦˥]


xanh biếc

[sajŋ̟˧˧ ʔɓiək̚˧˦]

[sɛɲ˧˧ ʔɓiək̚˦˧˥]

[san˧˧ ʔɓiək̚˦˥]


màng lưới

[maːŋ˨˩ lɨəj˧˦]

[maːŋ˦˩ lɨj˨˩˦]

[maːŋ˨˩ lɨj˦˥]

màng + lưới, calque of Chinese 網膜 /网膜 (võng mạc). Interestingly, màng here is used to translate 膜 (MC mak), not its etymological source, 網 (MC mjangX). Doublet of mạng lưới.


ti hí

[tɪj˧˧ hɪj˨˩˦]

[tɪj˧˧ hɪj˦˥]