hệ tuần hoàn

[hej˨˩ʔ twəŋ˦˩ hwaːŋ˦˩]

[hej˨˩˨ t⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˨˩ waːŋ˨˩]

hệ (“system”) + tuần hoàn (“circulatory”).


hệ hô hấp

[he˧˨ʔ ho˧˧ həp̚˧˦]

[hej˨˩ʔ how˧˧ həp̚˦˧˥]


hệ tiết niệu

[he˧˨ʔ tiət̚˧˦ niəw˧˨ʔ]

[hej˨˩ʔ tiək̚˦˧˥ niw˨˩ʔ]


hệ tiêu hoá

Meronyms: dạ dày (“stomach”), hầu (“pharynx”), hậu môn (“anus”), miệng (“mouth”), ruột già (“large intestine”), ruột non (“small intestine”), thực quản (“oesophagus”)


lương y

[lɨəŋ˧˧ ʔi˧˧]

[lɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɪj˧˧]

[lɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɪj˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 良 (“good”) and 醫 (“physician”)

vi-etym-sino

(literary) a good (both skillful and ethical) physician


phòng bệnh hơn chữa bệnh

[fawŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓəjŋ̟˧˨ʔ həːn˧˧ t͡ɕɨə˦ˀ˥ ʔɓəjŋ̟˧˨ʔ]

[fawŋ͡m˦˩ ʔɓen˨˩ʔ həːŋ˧˧ t͡ɕɨə˧˨ ʔɓen˨˩ʔ]

[fɔŋ˦˩ ʔɓen˨˩ʔ həːŋ˧˧ t͡ɕɨə˧˨ ʔɓen˨˩ʔ]

[fawŋ͡m˨˩ ʔɓəːn˨˩˨ həːŋ˧˧ cɨə˨˩˦ ʔɓəːn˨˩˨]

(healthcare) it's better to prevent diseases than to wait for them to happen and then treat them


lương y như từ mẫu

[lɨəŋ˧˧ ʔi˧˧ ɲɨ˧˧ tɨ˨˩ məw˦ˀ˥]

[lɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɪj˧˧ ɲɨ˧˧ tɨ˦˩ məw˧˨]

[lɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɪj˧˧ ɲɨ˧˧ tɨ˨˩ məw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 良醫 (“good physician”), 如 (“like”) and 慈母 (“caring mother”). See also từ bi.

(literary) a good physician is like, and must be like, a good mother


trị liệu

[t͡ɕi˧˨ʔ liəw˧˨ʔ]

[ʈɪj˨˩ʔ liw˨˩ʔ]

[ʈɪj˨˩˨ liw˨˩˨]

(medicine) therapy (treatment of disease)


phẫu thuật thẩm mĩ

phẫu thuật (“surgery”) + thẩm mĩ (“aesthetic”)

af

plastic surgery; cosmetic surgery; aesthetic surgery


bánh chè

[ʔɓajŋ̟˧˦ t͡ɕɛ˨˩]

[ʔɓɛɲ˦˧˥ t͡ɕɛ˦˩]

[ʔɓan˦˥ cɛ˨˩]

xương bánh chè

gân bánh chè

khớp bánh chè

đau nhức ở bánh chè


sụn chêm

[ʂun˨˩ʔ t͡ɕem˧˧]

[ʂʊwŋ͡m˨˩˨ cem˧˧]

[sʊwŋ͡m˨˩˨ cem˧˧]

(anatomy) a meniscus (thin cartilage between joints, especially within the knee)


sinh khương

[sïŋ˧˧ xɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʂɨn˧˧ kʰɨəŋ˧˧]

[sɨn˧˧ xɨəŋ˧˧]

[ʂɨn˧˧ kʰɨəŋ˧˧]

[sɨn˧˧ xɨəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 生薑 (“fresh ginger”).

vi-etym-sino

(archaic, medicine) fresh ginger; raw ginger (uncooked and undried; of the species Zingiber officinale)


can khương

[kaːn˧˧ xɨəŋ˧˧]

[kaːŋ˧˧ kʰɨəŋ˧˧]

[kaːŋ˧˧ xɨəŋ˧˧]

[kaːŋ˧˧ kʰɨəŋ˧˧]

[kaːŋ˧˧ xɨəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 乾薑 (“dried ginger root”).

(archaic, medicine) dried ginger (of the species Zingiber officinale)


phế quản

[fej˦˥ waːŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 肺管 (“trachea”).

viêm phế quản


máu trắng

[maw˧˦ t͡ɕaŋ˧˦]

[maw˨˩˦ ʈaŋ˦˧˥]

máu (“blood”) + trắng (“white”). Compare Chinese 白血病 (báixuèbìng, literally “white blood disease”).

ncog

bệnh máu trắng


lông tơ

[ləwŋ͡m˧˧ təː˧˧]

[ləwŋ͡m˧˧ təː˧˧]

[ləwŋ͡m˧˧ təː˧˧]

(anatomy) down (soft, immature feathers)


xương cụt

[sɨəŋ˧˧ kut̚˧˨ʔ]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ kʊk̚˨˩ʔ]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ kʊk͡p̚˨˩˨]

u quái xương cụt

sacrococcygeal teratoma; a tumor based on the coccyx


chỉ thực

[t͡ɕi˧˩ tʰɨk̚˧˨ʔ]

[t͡ɕɪj˧˨ tʰɨk̚˨˩ʔ]

[cɪj˨˩˦ tʰɨk̚˨˩˨]

trifoliate orange
trifoliate orange#English

(medicine) dried immature trifoliate orange (as an herb used in traditional medicine)


chỉ xác

[t͡ɕi˧˩ saːk̚˧˦]

[t͡ɕɪj˧˨ saːk̚˦˧˥]

[cɪj˨˩˦ saːk̚˦˥]

(medicine) dried mature trifoliate orange (as an herb used in traditional medicine)


xơ hoá

head

xơ hoá • (綀化)

vi-noun

xơ hoá • (綀化)

[səː˧˧ hwaː˧˦]

[səː˧˧ hwaː˨˩˦]

[səː˧˧ waː˦˥]


bắp chuối

[ʔɓap̚˧˦ t͡ɕuəj˧˦]

[ʔɓap̚˦˧˥ t͡ɕuj˨˩˦]

[ʔɓap̚˦˥ cuj˦˥]

bắp (“banana blossom”) + chuối (“banana”).

com

(anatomy, figurative) a calf muscle; gastrocnemius


chẩm

Sino-Vietnamese word from 枕 (“occipital bone”).

vi-etym-sino

(anatomy) occipital (of the back of the head)

vi:Thùy chẩm
vi:Xương chẩm
vi:Động mạch chẩm


trốc gối

[t͡ɕəwk͡p̚˧˦ ɣoj˧˦]

[ʈəwk͡p̚˦˧˥ ɣoj˨˩˦]

[ʈəwk͡p̚˦˥ ɣoj˦˥]

trốc (“head”) + gối (“knee”). See đầu gối.
While this form is undoubtedly "written down", the actual existence and usage of it is not clear, as in most of the North Central dialects where equivalents of this are used, the vowel nucleus of the second morpheme is usually the conservative unlowered /u/ (see the forms above). Therefore, trốc gối might just be a written compromise between the actual forms used in real life with the "standard written" mainstream gối.

trốc cúi

with *-l > /j/ and less affected by lenition

trốc cún

with *-l > /n/ and less affected by lenition

trốc gúi

with *-l > /j/ and more affected by lenition

(Central Vietnam) knee (joint in the middle of the leg and area around it)


bụng chân

[ʔɓʊwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ t͡ɕən˧˧]

[ʔɓʊwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ t͡ɕəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓʊwŋ͡m˨˩˨ cəŋ˧˧]

bụng (“belly”) + chân (“leg”). Compare Chinese 腿肚子 (tuǐdùzi, literally “leg belly”), Ancient Greek γᾰστροκνημῐ́ᾱ (găstroknēmĭ́ā, literally “leg belly”).

ncog

γᾰστροκνημῐ́ᾱ


thảo dược

[tʰaːw˧˩ zɨək̚˧˨ʔ]

[tʰaːw˧˨ jɨək̚˨˩ʔ]

[tʰaːw˨˩˦ jɨək̚˨˩˨]

alternative medicine
alternative medicine

(chiefly alternative medicine) herbs (used for medicine)


đậu xị

[ʔɗəw˧˨ʔ si˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗəw˨˩ʔ sɪj˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗəw˨˩˨ sɪj˨˩˨]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 豆豉 (SV: đậu thị).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">đậu thị</i>

vi-etym-sino

(cooking and medicine) douchi; fermented soybeans (often black, but sometimes white or brown)


nhược thị

[ɲɨək̚˧˨ʔ tʰi˧˨ʔ]

[ɲɨək̚˨˩ʔ tʰɪj˨˩ʔ]

[ɲɨək̚˨˩˨ tʰɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 弱視, composed of 弱 (“feeble”) and 視 (“sight”).


tì vị

[tɪj˦˩ vɪj˨˩ʔ]

[tɪj˨˩ vɪj˨˩˨]

[tɪj˨˩ jɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 脾胃, composed of 脾 (“spleen”) and 胃 (“stomach”).

(anatomy) spleen and stomach (in traditional medicine)


trương lực

[t͡ɕɨəŋ˧˧ lɨk̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʈɨəŋ˧˧ lɨk̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʈɨəŋ˧˧ lɨk̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 張力, composed of 張 (“to stretch”) and 力 (“strength”).

giảm trương lực

(biology, medicine) tension; tone (especially of anatomy)


miễn dịch cộng đồng

[miən˦ˀ˥ zïk̟̚˧˨ʔ kəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩]

[miəŋ˧˨ jɨt̚˨˩ʔ kəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩]

[miəŋ˨˩˦ jɨt̚˨˩˨ kəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩]

miễn dịch (“immunity”) + cộng đồng (“communal”), calque of English herd immunity.


chốc lở

[t͡ɕəwk͡p̚˧˦ ləː˧˩]

[t͡ɕəwk͡p̚˦˧˥ ləː˧˨]

[cəwk͡p̚˦˥ ləː˨˩˦]

chốc (“impetigo”) + lở (“skin eruption”).


đối chứng

Sino-Vietnamese word from 對症, composed of 對 (“to verify; match”) and 症 (“disease; symptom”).

vi-etym-sino

[ʔɗoj˧˦ t͡ɕɨŋ˧˦]

[ʔɗoj˨˩˦ t͡ɕɨŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɗoj˦˥ cɨŋ˦˥]

(pathology) to verify; to check (the source of disease)


đối chứng

[ʔɗoj˧˦ t͡ɕɨŋ˧˦]

[ʔɗoj˨˩˦ t͡ɕɨŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɗoj˦˥ cɨŋ˦˥]

(pathology) a control (subjects left unexposed)


bệnh chứng

[ʔɓəjŋ̟˧˨ʔ t͡ɕɨŋ˧˦]

[ʔɓen˨˩ʔ t͡ɕɨŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɓəːn˨˩˨ cɨŋ˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 病症, composed of 病 (“disease”) and 症 (“indication”).

(medicine) an indication; sign of disease


tăm xỉa răng

[tam˧˧ siə˧˨ ʐaŋ˧˧]

[tam˧˧ siə˨˩˦ ɹaŋ˧˧]


ngoại viện

[ŋwaːj˧˨ʔ viən˧˨ʔ]

[ŋwaːj˨˩ʔ viəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[ŋwaːj˨˩˨ viəŋ˨˩˨]

[ŋwaːj˨˩˨ jiəŋ˨˩˨]

(medicine) out-of-hospital, in the field


tam tiêu

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-tam tiêu.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 三焦, composed of 三 (“three”) and 焦 (“burner”)

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(traditional Chinese medicine, anatomy) triple burner


bạch biến

[ʔɓajk̟̚˧˨ʔ ʔɓiən˧˦]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩ʔ ʔɓiəŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩˨ ʔɓiəŋ˦˥]


đau nửa đầu

[ʔɗaw˧˧ nɨə˧˩ ʔɗəw˨˩]

[ʔɗaw˧˧ nɨə˧˨ ʔɗəw˦˩]

[ʔɗa(ː)w˧˧ nɨə˨˩˦ ʔɗəw˨˩]


kim tiêm dưới da

[kim˧˧ tiəm˧˧ zɨəj˧˦ zaː˧˧]

[kim˧˧ tiəm˧˧ jɨj˨˩˦ jaː˧˧]

kim tiêm (“injection needle”) + dưới (“under, below”) + da (“skin”).


khung chậu

[xʊwŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕəw˧˨ʔ]

[kʰʊwŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕəw˨˩ʔ]

[xʊwŋ͡m˧˧ t͡ɕəw˨˩ʔ]

[kʰʊwŋ͡m˧˧ cəw˨˩˨]

[xʊwŋ͡m˧˧ cəw˨˩˨]


kháng sinh

[xaːŋ˧˦ sïŋ˧˧]

[kʰaːŋ˦˧˥ ʂɨn˧˧]

[xaːŋ˦˧˥ sɨn˧˧]

[kʰaːŋ˦˥ ʂɨn˧˧]

[xaːŋ˦˥ sɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 抗生, composed of 抗 (“to resist”) and 生 (“life”).


mống mắt

[məwŋ͡m˧˦ mat̚˧˦]

[məwŋ͡m˦˧˥ mak̚˦˧˥]

[məwŋ͡m˦˥ mak̚˦˥]


nội tiết

[noj˨˩ʔ tiək̚˦˧˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 內 (“internal”) and 洩 (“to secrete”).


cao hổ cốt

cao (膏, “ointment; paste”) + hổ (虎, “tiger”) + cốt (骨, “bone”).


sữa đậu nành

[sɨə˦ˀ˥ ʔɗəw˧˨ʔ najŋ̟˨˩]

[ʂɨə˧˨ ʔɗəw˨˩ʔ nɛɲ˦˩]

[sɨə˧˨ ʔɗəw˨˩ʔ nɛɲ˦˩]

[ʂɨə˨˩˦ ʔɗəw˨˩˨ nan˨˩]

[sɨə˨˩˦ ʔɗəw˨˩˨ nan˨˩]


hộ lí

[how˨˩ʔ lɪj˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 護理 (“nursing”).


kính áp tròng

[kïŋ˧˦ ʔaːp̚˧˦ t͡ɕawŋ͡m˨˩]

[kɨn˦˧˥ ʔaːp̚˦˧˥ ʈawŋ͡m˦˩]

[kɨn˦˧˥ ʔaːp̚˦˧˥ ʈɔŋ˦˩]

[kɨn˦˥ ʔaːp̚˦˥ ʈawŋ͡m˨˩]

kính (“glass”) + áp (“to tightly rest on or make direct contact with”) + tròng (“lens; iris”), perhaps literally meaning either "glasses with lenses making direct contact with the eyeballs" or "glasses making direct contact with the iris".


bệnh dại

[ʔɓəjŋ̟˧˨ʔ zaːj˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓen˨˩ʔ jaːj˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓəːn˨˩˨ jaːj˨˩˨]


co thắt

[kɔ˧˧ tʰat̚˧˦]

[kɔ˧˧ tʰak̚˦˧˥]

[kɔ˧˧ tʰak̚˦˥]


điểm vàng

[ʔɗiəm˧˩ vaːŋ˨˩]

[ʔɗiəm˧˨ vaːŋ˦˩]

[ʔɗim˨˩˦ vaːŋ˨˩]

[ʔɗim˨˩˦ jaːŋ˨˩]

thoái hoá điểm vàng


điện tâm đồ

[ʔɗiən˧˨ʔ təm˧˧ ʔɗo˨˩]

[ʔɗiəŋ˨˩ʔ təm˧˧ ʔɗow˦˩]

[ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˨ təm˧˧ ʔɗow˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 電 (“electro-”), 心 (“cardio-”) and 圖 (“-gram; -graph”), perhaps an alteration of Chinese 心電圖 /心电图 (tâm điện đồ).


hệ miễn dịch

[he˧˨ʔ miən˦ˀ˥ zïk̟̚˧˨ʔ]

[hej˨˩ʔ miəŋ˧˨ jɨt̚˨˩ʔ]

[hej˨˩˨ miəŋ˨˩˦ jɨt̚˨˩˨]


xương chày

[sɨəŋ˧˧ t͡ɕaj˨˩]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ t͡ɕaj˦˩]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ca(ː)j˨˩]

xương (“bone”) + chày (“pestle”), probably due to simile between the shape of the shinbone and the pestle.


a giao

[ʔaː˧˧ zaːw˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ jaːw˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ jaːw˧˧]

(alternative medicine) donkey-hide gelatin; ejiao (substance used in traditional Chinese medicine as a blood tonic)


hiệu nghiệm

[hiəw˧˨ʔ ŋiəm˧˨ʔ]

[hiw˨˩ʔ ŋiəm˨˩ʔ]

[hiw˨˩˨ ŋim˨˩˨]


dược sư

[zɨək̚˧˨ʔ sɨ˧˧]

[jɨək̚˨˩ʔ ʂɨ˧˧]

[jɨək̚˨˩ʔ sɨ˧˧]

[jɨək̚˨˩˨ ʂɨ˧˧]

[jɨək̚˨˩˨ sɨ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 藥師, composed of 藥 (“medicine; drug”) and 師 (“teacher; master”).


cốt tuỷ

[kok̚˦˥ t⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 骨髓, composed of 骨 (“bone”) and 髓 (“marrow”).


rượu đế

[ziəw˧˨ʔ ʔɗe˧˦]

[ʐɨəw˨˩ʔ ʔɗej˨˩˦]

[ɹɨəw˨˩˨ ʔɗej˦˥]

rượu (“wine, liquor, drink, alcohol”) + đế (“kans grass”). Originated during the early period of French colonization of Vietnam, were the government allowed only one type of alcoholic beverage for consumption. Unsatisfied with that condition, the Vietnamese resorted to distilling their own liquor and hid it behind tall grass called cỏ tranh (cogon grass), or another kind of grass called đế (kans grass).

com

(Southern Vietnam) a distilled liquor from Vietnam, made of either glutinous or non-glutinous rice


bình cũ rượu mới

(figurative) old form, new content; the new, revised content is still conveyed with the old, familiar form, wording or literary devices


nguyên khí

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ kʰɪj˨˩˦]

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ xɪj˨˩˦]

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ kʰɪj˦˥]

[ŋwiəŋ˧˧ xɪj˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 元氣, composed of 元 (“fundamental; foundational”) and 氣 (“qi”).

vi-etym-sino

Trên tấm bia Tiến sĩ đầu tiên dựng tại Văn Miếu Quốc Tử Giám ghi lại lịch sử khoa thi năm 1442 có khắc ghi những dòng chữ:“...Hiền tài là nguyên khí của quốc gia, nguyên khí thịnh thì thế nước mạnh mà hưng thịnh, nguyên khí suy thì thế nước yếu mà thấp hèn. Vì thế các bậc đế vương thánh minh không đời nào không coi việc giáo dục nhân tài, kén chọn kẻ sĩ, vun trồng nguyên khí quốc gia làm công việc cần thiết...”. Người soạn ra những câu nổi tiếng đó là Tiến sĩ triều Lê, Thân Nhân Trung.

2018, T.K, “Tác giả câu nói nổi tiếng 'hiền tài là nguyên khí quốc gia'”, in Điện Biên Phủ Online:

On the first Doctorate stele erected at the Temple of Literature, recording the history of the 1442 examination, the following lines are engraved: "… Talented men are the life force of a nation. Should its life force wax, the nation prospers; should its life force wane, it crumbles. It follows that bright, sensible monarchs and rulers and sages of all kinds alike, no one, under no circumstances, would trifle with the monumentally vital task of educating the talented, sifting out the learned, cultivating the nation's life force. …" Those famous lines were authored by Thân Nhân Trung, a doctor from the Lê dynasty.

Trong sách Hải thượng y tông tâm lĩnh (tập 1) cho biết, nguyên Khí [sic] cũng là năng lượng để em bé khởi phát được việc ăn uống, hít thở sau khi chào đời. Nguyên Khí [sic] đầy đủ thì em bé ăn uống hấp thu tốt, hít thở nhẹ nhàng, phát triển bình thường. Nguyên Khí [sic] yếu kém thì cả việc ăn uống hay hít thở đều không đủ để nuôi dưỡng cơ thể.

2020 December 23, “Tìm về nguyên khí - Cội nguồn sức khỏe [Back to Life Force, the Ultimate Source of Wellness]”, in Dân Trí:

In Hải Thượng's Medical Creed (volume 1), it is said that life force is the energy that helps your baby perform ingestion and respiration after they come out of the womb. If they maintain a healthy amount of life force, they can ingest well, respire well, develop naturally. If their life force is somehow inadequate, they cannot perform the most basic bodily functions such as ingestion and respiration to sustain their own life.

(traditional Chinese medicine) vital energy, life force


mê sảng

[me˧˧ saːŋ˧˩]

[mej˧˧ ʂaːŋ˧˨]

[mej˧˧ ʂaːŋ˨˩˦]

[mej˧˧ saːŋ˨˩˦]

Hôm qua con sốt cao lắm, đến mức mê sảng luôn đó !

You got a really high fever, and you even got delirious!


sữa tươi

[sɨə˦ˀ˥ tɨəj˧˧]

[ʂɨə˧˨ tɨj˧˧]

[sɨə˧˨ tɨj˧˧]

[ʂɨə˨˩˦ tɨj˧˧]

[sɨə˨˩˦ tɨj˧˧]


lồi xỉ

lồi + xỉ; the second element is the Sino-Vietnamese word from 齒 (“tooth”).
It is not clear why Sino-Vietnamese xỉ is used here instead of native răng.

(dentistry) having protruding teeth, especially protruding maxillary canines


hộp sọ

[hop̚˧˨ʔ sɔ˧˨ʔ]

[hop̚˨˩ʔ ʂɔ˨˩ʔ]

[hop̚˨˩ʔ sɔ˨˩ʔ]

[hop̚˨˩˨ ʂɔ˨˩˨]

[hop̚˨˩˨ sɔ˨˩˨]


sâm nhung

[səm˧˧ ɲʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʂəm˧˧ ɲʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[səm˧˧ ɲʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʂəm˧˧ ɲʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[səm˧˧ ɲʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 參茸, composed of 參 and 茸.

(traditional Chinese medicine) ginseng and velvet antler


khớp xương

[xəːp̚˧˦ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[kʰəːp̚˦˧˥ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[xəːp̚˦˧˥ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[kʰəːp̚˦˥ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[xəːp̚˦˥ sɨəŋ˧˧]

(anatomy) a joint; an articulation; an articular surface; the place where two bones, ossicles, or other hard structures in the body connect, which links an animal's skeletal system into a functional whole.


tóc đuôi gà

[tawk͡p̚˧˦ ʔɗuəj˧˧ ɣaː˨˩]

[tawk͡p̚˦˧˥ ʔɗuj˧˧ ɣaː˦˩]

[tawk͡p̚˦˥ ʔɗuj˧˧ ɣaː˨˩]

tóc (“hair”) + đuôi (“tail”) + gà (“chicken”).

com

a ponytail; a hairstyle where the hair is pulled back and tied into a single "tail" which hangs down behind the head


bì phu

[ʔɓi˨˩ fu˧˧]

[ʔɓɪj˦˩ fʊw˧˧]

[ʔɓɪj˨˩ fʊw˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 皮膚, composed of 皮 and 膚.

vi-etym-sino

Mười hôm sau, Biển Thước về yết kiến Hoàn Hầu, lại nói: “Vua có bịnh ở bì phu, phải chữa đi.”

Ten days later, Bian Que returned to have an audience with the Marquis Huan, and said: "The king has an illness in his skin, and it must be treated".

(Chinese fiction and historical contexts and alternative medicine) skin; dermis


tóc đuôi ngựa

[tawk͡p̚˧˦ ʔɗuəj˧˧ ŋɨə˧˨ʔ]

[tawk͡p̚˦˧˥ ʔɗuj˧˧ ŋɨə˨˩ʔ]

[tawk͡p̚˦˥ ʔɗuj˧˧ ŋɨə˨˩˨]

tóc (“hair”) + đuôi (“tail”) + ngựa (“horse”).


lông măng

[ləwŋ͡m˧˧ maŋ˧˧]

[ləwŋ͡m˧˧ maŋ˧˧]

[ləwŋ͡m˧˧ maŋ˧˧]

lông (“hair”) + măng (“bamboo shoot; juvenile”).


truyền dịch

[t͡ɕwiən˨˩ zïk̟̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʈwiəŋ˦˩ jɨt̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʈ⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩ jɨt̚˨˩˨]


nhắc lại

[ɲak̚˧˦ laːj˧˨ʔ]

[ɲak̚˦˧˥ laːj˨˩ʔ]

[ɲak̚˦˥ laːj˨˩˨]

liều nhắc lại

tiêm nhắc lại


ẩu tả

[ʔəw˧˩ taː˧˩]

[ʔəw˧˨ taː˧˨]

[ʔəw˨˩˦ taː˨˩˦]


bệnh tim mạch

[ʔɓəjŋ̟˧˨ʔ tim˧˧ majk̟̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓen˨˩ʔ tim˧˧ mat̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓəːn˨˩˨ tim˧˧ mat̚˨˩˨]

cardiovascular disease
cardiovascular disease


xương hàm trên

[sɨəŋ˧˧ haːm˨˩ t͡ɕen˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ haːm˦˩ ʈen˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ haːm˨˩ ʈəːn˧˧]

(anatomy) maxilla; upper jaw; maxillary bone


xương hàm dưới

[sɨəŋ˧˧ haːm˨˩ zɨəj˧˦]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ haːm˦˩ jɨj˨˩˦]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ haːm˨˩ jɨj˦˥]


thần y

[tʰən˨˩ ʔi˧˧]

[tʰəŋ˦˩ ʔɪj˧˧]

[tʰəŋ˨˩ ʔɪj˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 神醫, composed of 神 (“godly”) and 醫 (“physician”).

vi-etym-sino

(chiefly fiction) a doctor or physician who is claimed to be able to cure almost all illnesses


viên nhộng

[viən˧˧ ɲəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ]

[viəŋ˧˧ ɲəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ]

[viəŋ˧˧ ɲəwŋ͡m˨˩˨]

[jiəŋ˧˧ ɲəwŋ͡m˨˩˨]

viên (“small piece, ball, pebble, etc.”) + nhộng (“cocoon”).


viên nén

[viəŋ˧˧ nɛŋ˦˧˥]

[viəŋ˧˧ nɛŋ˦˥]

[jiəŋ˧˧ nɛŋ˦˥]

viên (“small piece, ball, pebble, etc.”) + nén (“to compress”).


chất cản quang

[t͡ɕət̚˧˦ kaːn˧˩ kwaːŋ˧˧]

[t͡ɕək̚˦˧˥ kaːŋ˧˨ kwaːŋ˧˧]

[cək̚˦˥ kaːŋ˨˩˦ waːŋ˧˧]


biệt dược

[ʔɓiət̚˧˨ʔ zɨək̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓiək̚˨˩ʔ jɨək̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓiək̚˨˩˨ jɨək̚˨˩˨]

international nonproprietary name
international nonproprietary name

(pharmacy) a type of medicine with a trade name given by the drug manufacturer which differs from its original or international nonproprietary name; patent medicine


chỉ nha khoa

[t͡ɕi˧˩ ɲaː˧˧ xwaː˧˧]

[t͡ɕɪj˧˨ ɲaː˧˧ kʰwaː˧˧]

[t͡ɕɪj˧˨ ɲaː˧˧ xwaː˧˧]

[cɪj˨˩˦ ɲaː˧˧ kʰwaː˧˧]

[cɪj˨˩˦ ɲaː˧˧ xwaː˧˧]

chỉ (“thread”) + nha khoa (“dentistry”).


nhuận tràng

[ɲwən˧˨ʔ t͡ɕaːŋ˨˩]

[ɲwəŋ˨˩ʔ ʈaːŋ˦˩]

[ɲwəŋ˨˩˨ ʈaːŋ˨˩]


thủ cấp

[tʰu˧˩ kəp̚˧˦]

[tʰʊw˧˨ kəp̚˦˧˥]

[tʰʊw˨˩˦ kəp̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 首級, composed of 首 (“head”) and 級 (“rank; severed head”), from the practice of promoting warriors for the heads of enemies they have cut off according to Qin law.

vi-etym-sino

Những bức ảnh khác do YPG thu được ghi lại cảnh các vụ chặt đầu và một nhóm chiến binh thánh chiến đang dùng thủ cấp các nạn nhân làm bóng để đá.

2014 October 20, “Chiến binh IS dùng thủ cấp để đá bóng [IS Warriors Play Football with Human Heads]”, in Người Lao động [The Workers]:

Other photos by YPG capture decapitations and a group of holy warriors who used severed heads as footballs.

(historical, literary, fiction) a severed head


hành kinh

[hajŋ̟˨˩ kïŋ˧˧]

[hɛɲ˦˩ kɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 行經, composed of 行 (“to go”) and 經 (“meridian”).


cốc nguyệt san

[kəwk͡p̚˧˦ ŋwiət̚˧˨ʔ saːn˧˧]

[kəwk͡p̚˦˧˥ ŋwiək̚˨˩ʔ ʂaːŋ˧˧]

[kəwk͡p̚˦˧˥ ŋwiək̚˨˩ʔ saːŋ˧˧]

[kəwk͡p̚˦˥ ŋwiək̚˨˩˨ ʂaːŋ˧˧]

[kəwk͡p̚˦˥ ŋwiək̚˨˩˨ saːŋ˧˧]

Jiangling không dùng giấy vệ sinh, thay thế băng vệ sinh bằng cốc nguyệt san.

16 January 2019, Bảo Nhiên (HK01), “Cặp vợ chồng chỉ thải 100 gram rác mỗi tháng”, in VnExpress, archived from the original on 2024-01-20:

Jiangling does not use toilet paper, and uses the menstrual cup instead of sanitary napkin.


tâm sinh lí

[təm˧˧ sïŋ˧˧ li˧˦]

[təm˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧ lɪj˨˩˦]

[təm˧˧ sɨn˧˧ lɪj˨˩˦]

[təm˧˧ ʂɨn˧˧ lɪj˦˥]

[təm˧˧ sɨn˧˧ lɪj˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-tâm sinh lí.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 心 (“mind”) and 生理 (“physiology”), blend of tâm lí (“psychology”) + sinh lí (“physiology”).

blend

tâm sinh lí trẻ dậy thì

the psychology and physiology of a pubescent


cấp tính

Sino-Vietnamese word from 急性, composed of 急 (“urgent”) and 性 (“-ness”)

vi-etym-sino

Coordinate term: mãn tính


xương cùng

[sɨəŋ˧˧ kʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ kʊwŋ͡m˦˩]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ kʊwŋ͡m˨˩]


xương đòn

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɗɔn˨˩]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɗɔŋ˦˩]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɗɔŋ˨˩]


xương đe

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɗɛ˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɗɛ˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɗɛ˧˧]


xương bàn đạp

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɓaːn˨˩ ʔɗaːp̚˧˨ʔ]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɓaːŋ˦˩ ʔɗaːp̚˨˩ʔ]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɓaːŋ˨˩ ʔɗaːp̚˨˩˨]


xương lá mía

[sɨəŋ˧˧ laː˧˦ miə˧˦]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ laː˨˩˦ miə˨˩˦]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ laː˦˥ miə˦˥]

xương (“bone”) + lá (“leaf”) + mía (“sugarcane”).


xương búa

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɓuə˧˦]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɓuə˨˩˦]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɓuə˦˥]


xương lệ

[sɨəŋ˧˧ le˧˨ʔ]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ lej˨˩ʔ]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ lej˨˩˨]

From xương (“bone”) + lệ (“tear”), calque of Chinese 淚骨 /泪骨 (lệ cốt).


xương thuyền

[sɨəŋ˧˧ tʰwiən˨˩]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ tʰwiəŋ˦˩]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ tʰ⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩]


xương sên

[sɨəŋ˧˧ sen˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʂen˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ sen˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʂəːn˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ səːn˧˧]


xương móc

[sɨəŋ˧˧ mawk͡p̚˧˦]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ mawk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ mawk͡p̚˦˥]


xương cả

[sɨəŋ˧˧ kaː˧˩]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ kaː˧˨]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ kaː˨˩˦]


xương nguyệt

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ŋwiət̚˧˨ʔ]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ŋwiək̚˨˩ʔ]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ŋwiək̚˨˩˨]


xương hộp

[sɨəŋ˧˧ hop̚˧˨ʔ]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ hop̚˨˩ʔ]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ hop̚˨˩˨]


xương thang

[sɨəŋ˧˧ tʰaːŋ˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ tʰaːŋ˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ tʰaːŋ˧˧]


xương thê

[sɨəŋ˧˧ tʰe˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ tʰej˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ tʰej˧˧]

From xương (“bone”) + thê (“梯, trapezoid”)


xương tháp

[sɨəŋ˧˧ tʰaːp̚˧˦]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ tʰaːp̚˦˧˥]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ tʰaːp̚˦˥]


xương đậu

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɗəw˧˨ʔ]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɗəw˨˩ʔ]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʔɗəw˨˩˨]


ađênôzin

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗe˧˧ no˧˧ zin˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ zin˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ jin˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ zɨn˧˧]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ jɨn˧˧]

(biochemistry, genetics, organic chemistry) adenosine


ađênôzin triphotphat

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗe˧˧ no˧˧ zin˧˧ tɹi˧˧ fot̚˧˦ faːt̚˧˦]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ zin˧˧ tɹɪj˧˧ fok̚˦˧˥ faːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ jin˧˧ tɹɪj˧˧ fok̚˦˧˥ faːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ zɨn˧˧ tɹɪj˧˧ fok̚˦˥ faːk̚˦˥]

[ʔaː˧˧ ʔɗej˧˧ now˧˧ jɨn˧˧ tɹɪj˧˧ fok̚˦˥ faːk̚˦˥]

Borrowed from French adénosine triphosphate.

adenosine triphosphate
adenosine triphosphate


phenolphtalein

[fe˧˧ non˧˧ fəː˨˩ taː˧˧ le˧˧ ʔin˧˧]

[fej˧˧ non˧˧ fəː˦˩ taː˧˧ lej˧˧ ʔin˧˧]

[fej˧˧ non˧˧ fəː˨˩ taː˧˧ lej˧˧ ʔɨn˧˧]

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) phenolphthalein


ngầu pín

[ŋəw˨˩ pin˧˦]

[ŋəw˦˩ pin˦˧˥]

[ŋəw˨˩ pɨn˦˥]

From Cantonese 牛鞭 (ngau⁴ bin¹, “bull pizzle”) (SV: ngưu tiên).

bor

the male genitals (penis or testicles) of certain animals, most often bulls, boars or billy goats, used as food


ria mép

[ziə˧˧ mɛp̚˧˦]

[ʐiə˧˧ mɛp̚˦˧˥]

[ɹiə˧˧ mɛp̚˦˥]


tăng xông

[taŋ˧˧ səwŋ͡m˧˧]

[taŋ˧˧ səwŋ͡m˧˧]

[taŋ˧˧ səwŋ͡m˧˧]


mỏ ác

[mɔ˧˩ ʔaːk̚˧˦]

[mɔ˧˨ ʔaːk̚˦˧˥]

[mɔ˨˩˦ ʔaːk̚˦˥]

From mỏ (“beak”) + ác (“crow; raven”), literally “crow's beak”.


thuỳ trán

[tʰwi˨˩ t͡ɕaːn˧˦]

[tʰwɪj˦˩ ʈaːŋ˦˧˥]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩ ʈaːŋ˦˥]


màng lưới

[maːŋ˨˩ lɨəj˧˦]

[maːŋ˦˩ lɨj˨˩˦]

[maːŋ˨˩ lɨj˦˥]

màng + lưới, calque of Chinese 網膜 /网膜 (võng mạc). Interestingly, màng here is used to translate 膜 (MC mak), not its etymological source, 網 (MC mjangX). Doublet of mạng lưới.


mình vóc

[mïŋ˨˩ vawk͡p̚˧˦]

Minh tâm bảo giám thích nghĩa (明心寶鑑釋義)
𨉟𫃚𩯀䏧、𠹾蒸吒媄、拯敢涅害、𧘇𦉼孝蒸𠓀丕。
Mình vóc tóc da, chịu chưng cha mẹ, chẳng dám nát hại, ấy là hiếu chưng trước vậy.
The body, hair, and skin are received from one’s parents; one must not dare to damage them. This is the beginning of filial piety.


chửa trâu

From chửa (“to be pregnant”) + trâu (“water buffalo”); literally meaning "to be pregnant as long as water buffaloes", whose average gestation lasts longer than humans'.

(medicine, informal, of pregnancy) postterm, postmature, at or beyond 42 0/7 weeks


kịch phát

[kïk̟̚˧˨ʔ faːt̚˧˦]

[kɨt̚˨˩ʔ faːk̚˦˧˥]

[kɨt̚˨˩˨ faːk̚˦˥]

Cơn hen suyễn kịch phát vừa rồi coi chừng trí mạng đấy.

Your recent asthma exacerbation might lead to fatal causes.

(medicine) to germinate unexpectedly and powerfully; to gain exacerbation


thuốc đỏ

[tʰuək̚˧˦ ʔɗɔ˧˩]

[tʰuək̚˦˧˥ ʔɗɔ˧˨]

[tʰuək̚˦˥ ʔɗɔ˨˩˦]


ti hí

[tɪj˧˧ hɪj˨˩˦]

[tɪj˧˧ hɪj˦˥]


bác sĩ chuyên khoa

[ʔɓaːk̚˧˦ si˦ˀ˥ t͡ɕwiən˧˧ xwaː˧˧]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˧˥ ʂɪj˧˨ t͡ɕwiəŋ˧˧ kʰwaː˧˧]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˧˥ sɪj˧˨ t͡ɕwiəŋ˧˧ xwaː˧˧]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˥ ʂɪj˨˩˦ c⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˧˧ kʰwaː˧˧]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˥ sɪj˨˩˦ c⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˧˧ xwaː˧˧]

bác sĩ (“medical doctor”) + chuyên khoa (“specialty”).

Từ năm 2010 đến nay, thông qua chương trình đào tạo chuyên sâu dành cho các bác sĩ chuyên khoa, Pháp đã góp phần giúp Việt Nam đào tạo hơn 3.000 bác sĩ chất lượng cao.

2023 November 4, Quý Hiên, “Pháp đã giúp Việt Nam đào tạo hơn 3.000 bác sĩ chất lượng cao [France has helped Vietnam train more than 3,000 high-quality doctors.]”, in Thanh Niên, retrieved 2024-11-05:

Since 2010, through an intensive training program for specialist doctors, France has helped Vietnam train more than 3,000 high-quality doctors.


kinh lạc

[kïŋ˧˧ laːk̚˧˨ʔ]

[kɨn˧˧ laːk̚˨˩ʔ]

[kɨn˧˧ laːk̚˨˩˨]

(acupuncture, traditional Chinese medicine) meridian (any of the pathways on the body along which chi or qi (life force) is thought to flow and, therefore, the acupoints are distributed; especially, one of twelve such pathways associated with organs of the body)


nường

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 娘 (“lady”, SV: nương). Doublet of nàng.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">nương</i>

vi-etym-sino

symbolic vagina used during fertility rites in some Northern Vietnam villages


rong kinh

[zawŋ͡m˧˧ kïŋ˧˧]

[ʐawŋ͡m˧˧ kɨn˧˧]

[ʐɔŋ˧˧ kɨn˧˧]

[ɹawŋ͡m˧˧ kɨn˧˧]


thong manh

[tʰawŋ͡m˧˧ majŋ̟˧˧]

[tʰawŋ͡m˧˧ mɛɲ˧˧]

[tʰɔŋ˧˧ mɛɲ˧˧]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 從冥 (SV: thung minh).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">thung minh</i>

vi-etym-sino

(medicine, of one's eyes) blind or obscure, yet with no apparent symptoms