零

lênh (Hán-Nôm)
linh (Hán-Nôm)
rinh (Hán-Nôm)


百

百: Hán Việt readings: bách (canonical)
bá 百: Nôm readings: bách (canonical)
bá (canonical)
trăm (canonical)


空

khung (canonical)
khỏng (canonical)
khong (canonical)
cung (canonical)
khống (canonical)


八

chữ Hán form of bát (“eight, octo- (Sino-Vietnamese compounds)”).


一

一: Hán Việt readings: nhất (canonical)
nhứt 一: Nôm readings: nhất (canonical)
nhắt (canonical)
nhứt (canonical)


六

六: Hán Việt readings: lục (canonical)
lúc 六: Nôm readings: lúc (canonical)
lục (canonical)
lóc (canonical)
trọc (canonical)
lộc (canonical)
lụt (canonical)


七

chữ Hán form of thất (“(only in compounds) seven”).


萬

chữ Hán form of vạn, muôn (“ten thousand”).


㐱

chỉn (Hán-Nôm)
chín (Hán-Nôm)
xỉn (Hán-Nôm)


了

了: Hán Việt readings: liễu (canonical)
kiết 了: Nôm readings: lểu (canonical)
lẽo (canonical)
liễu (canonical)
lẻo (canonical)
léo (canonical)
líu (canonical)
lếu (canonical)
sáu (canonical)
lèo (canonical)
tréo (canonical)


兆

triệu (Hán-Nôm)
diệu (Hán-Nôm)
điềm (Hán-Nôm)
giệu (Hán-Nôm)


匕

In Vietnamese Hán Nôm texts, 匕 is used as an iteration marker.


台

台: Hán Việt readings: thai (canonical)
đài 台: Nôm readings: thơi (canonical)
thai (canonical)
thay (canonical)
hay (canonical)
đài (canonical)
thài (canonical)
hai (canonical)
đày (canonical)


巴

巴: Hán Việt readings: ba (canonical)
bơ 巴: Nôm readings: bơ (canonical)
ba (canonical)
vã (canonical)
va (canonical)

Chữ Hán form of Ba (“used in placenames”).

Chữ Hán form of ba (“to adhere; to stick to”).


林

Chữ Hán form of Lâm (“a surname from Chinese.”).


沒

Nôm form of mốt (“(only in compounds or fixed expressions) one; -one”).


本

本: Hán Việt readings: bổn (canonical)
bản 本: Nôm readings: vốn (canonical)
bộn (canonical)
bổn (canonical)
bủn (canonical)
bốn (canonical)
vỏn (canonical)
bỏn (canonical)
bản (canonical)
vón (canonical)
bọn (canonical)

Nôm form of vốn (“capital; bond; fund”).


罷

bãi (Hán-Nôm)
bảy (Hán-Nôm)
bời (Hán-Nôm)
bởi (Hán-Nôm)


老

lảu (canonical)
lão (canonical)
lẽo (canonical)
láu (canonical)
rảu (canonical)
láo (canonical)
lạo (canonical)
não (canonical)
rau (canonical)
sáu (canonical)
lểu (canonical)
lếu (canonical)
lẩu (canonical)


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called dấu huyền (“hanging mark”) in Vietnamese, and found on À/à, Ằ/ằ, Ầ/ầ, È/è, Ề/ề, Ì/ì, Ò/ò, Ồ/ồ, Ờ/ờ, Ù/ù, Ừ/ừ and Ỳ/ỳ. Used to indicate low-falling, possibly breathy tone.


ヌ

埃ヌ (ai ai, “everyone, everybody”)

𩇢ヌ (xanh xanh, “greenish, bluish”)

𠫾ヌ吏ヌ (đi đi lại lại, “to pace around, to go back and forth”)

Iteration mark, indicating that the previous character should be repeated. The Japanese equivalent is 々.


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called dấu sắc (“sharp mark”) in Vietnamese, and found on Á/á, Ắ/ắ, Ấ/ấ, É/é, Ế/ế, Í/í, Ó/ó, Ố/ố, Ớ/ớ, Ú/ú, Ứ/ứ and Ý/ý. Used to indicate mid-rising, tense tone.


gạch

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 劃 (“to strike; a stroke”, SV: hoạch).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">hoạch</i>

vi-etym-sino

any punctuation mark that is a line; a hyphen, a dash, a slash, etc.


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called dấu trăng (“moon mark”) in Vietnamese, and found on Ă/ă, Ằ/ằ, Ẳ/ẳ, Ẵ/ẵ, Ắ/ắ and Ặ/ặ.


dấu sao

[jəw˨˩˦ ʂaːw˧˧]

[jəw˨˩˦ saːw˧˧]

[jəw˦˥ ʂaːw˧˧]


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called dấu hỏi (“asking mark”) in Vietnamese, and found on Ả/ả, Ẳ/ẳ, Ẩ/ẩ, Ẻ/ẻ, Ể/ể, Ỉ/ỉ, Ỏ/ỏ, Ổ/ổ, Ở/ở, Ủ/ủ, Ử/ử and Ỷ/ỷ. Used to indicate mid falling-rising, harsh tone.


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called dấu nặng (“heavy mark”) in Vietnamese, and found on Ạ/ạ, Ặ/ặ, Ậ/ậ, Ẹ/ẹ, Ệ/ệ, Ị/ị, Ọ/ọ, Ộ/ộ, Ợ/ợ, Ụ/ụ, Ự/ự and Ỵ/ỵ. Used to indicate mid-falling, glottalized, short tone.


𠀧

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): phonetic 巴 (ba) + semantic 三 (“three”).

Han compound

岧(Đèo)𠀧(Ba)隊(Dội)

18th–19th century, Hồ Xuân Hương (胡春香), “Đèo Ba Dội (岧𠀧隊) [Three-Mountain Pass]”, in John Balaban, transl., Spring Essence: The Poetry of Hồ Xuân Hương, Copper Canyon Press (book), also hosted by Nôm Foundation (online), published 2000, pages 46-47:


𠄼

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): phonetic 南 (nam) + semantic 五 (“five”).

Nôm form of dăm (“some five; about five; a few”).


𠔭

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): phonetic 參 (tham) + semantic 八 (“eight”).


𠃩

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): phonetic 㐱 (chẩn) + semantic 九 (“nine”).


𠄩

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): phonetic 台 (thai) + semantic 二 (“two”).


𠦳

𠦳: Nôm readings: ngàn (canonical)
nghìn (canonical)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): phonetic 彦 (ngạn) + semantic 千 (“thousand”)


𠬠

Simplified from 沒 to 𱥺, then finally, 𠬠.


𨑮

𨑮: Nôm readings: mười (canonical)
mươi (canonical)


𠄻

Nôm form of rằm (“the 15th day of a lunar month, the day of a full moon, on which some Vietnamese people place offerings on their altars and pray for good luck”).


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called dấu móc (“hook mark”) in Vietnamese, and found on Ơ/ơ, Ờ/ờ, Ở/ở, Ỡ/ỡ, Ớ/ớ, Ợ/ợ, Ư/ư, Ừ/ừ, Ử/ử, Ữ/ữ, Ứ/ứ and Ự/ự.


dấu hỏi

[zəw˧˦ hɔj˧˩]

[jəw˨˩˦ hɔj˧˨]

[jəw˦˥ hɔj˨˩˦]

dấu (“mark”) + hỏi, literally “the mark of the word hỏi (“to ask”)”

com

the mark of the word <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">hỏi</i> (“to ask”)

the hook above (the diacritic representing the hỏi tone)

Synonym of dấu chấm hỏi (“question mark”)


phẩy

(calligraphy) a stroke that falling leftwards (㇒)


ngoặc đơn

[ŋwak̚˧˨ʔ ʔɗəːn˧˧]

[ŋwak̚˨˩ʔ ʔɗəːŋ˧˧]

[ŋwak̚˨˩˨ ʔɗəːŋ˧˧]


ngoặc kép

[ŋwak̚˧˨ʔ kɛp̚˧˦]

[ŋwak̚˨˩ʔ kɛp̚˦˧˥]

[ŋwak̚˨˩˨ kɛp̚˦˥]

quotation marks, either "curly" quotes, or sometimes in old-fashioned handwriting, guillemets that are raised to the same height as "curly" quotes


ngoặc vuông

[ŋwak̚˧˨ʔ vuəŋ˧˧]

[ŋwak̚˨˩ʔ vuəŋ˧˧]

[ŋwak̚˨˩˨ vuəŋ˧˧]

[ŋwak̚˨˩˨ juəŋ˧˧]


hoa thị

[hwaː˧˧ tʰi˧˨ʔ]

[hwaː˧˧ tʰɪj˨˩ʔ]

[waː˧˧ tʰɪj˨˩˨]


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called dấu mũ (“hat mark”) in Vietnamese, and found on Â/â, Ầ/ầ, Ẩ/ẩ, Ẫ/ẫ, Ấ/ấ, Ậ/ậ, Ê/ê, Ề/ề, Ể/ể, Ễ/ễ, Ế/ế, Ệ/ệ, Ô/ô, Ồ/ồ, Ổ/ổ, Ỗ/ỗ, Ố/ố and Ộ/ộ.


Chữ thập đỏ

[t͡ɕɨ˦ˀ˥ tʰəp̚˧˨ʔ ʔɗɔ˧˩]

[t͡ɕɨ˧˨ tʰəp̚˨˩ʔ ʔɗɔ˧˨]

[cɨ˨˩˦ tʰəp̚˨˩˨ ʔɗɔ˨˩˦]


Hồng Thập Tự

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ tʰəp̚˧˨ʔ tɨ˧˨ʔ]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ tʰəp̚˨˩ʔ tɨ˨˩ʔ]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ tʰəp̚˨˩˨ tɨ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 紅十字, composed of 紅 (“red”), 十 (“cross”) and 字 (“letter, character, word”).


(Chữ Nôm) dấu cá is used to indicate an alternate reading, usually a reading not received from Chinese.


(Chữ Nôm) dấu nháy is used to indicate an alternate reading, usually a reading not received from Chinese.


dấu nháy

[zəw˧˦ ɲaj˧˦]

[jəw˨˩˦ ɲaj˨˩˦]

(writing, linguistics) the 𖿱, a small diacritic (or signifier) placed to the right of a phonogram in a Nôm text, chiefly to indicate that this character should not be read with its Sino-Vietnamese value, and can also function as iteration mark; like other diacritical marks/signifiers in other Sino-Xenic languages, such as Japanese ゛, its pre-modern usage was very inconsistent


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called dấu ngã (“tumbling mark”) in Vietnamese, and found on Ã/ã, Ẵ/ẵ, Ẫ/ẫ, Ẽ/ẽ, Ễ/ễ, Ĩ/ĩ, Õ/õ, Ỗ/ỗ, Ỡ/ỡ, Ũ/ũ, Ữ/ữ and Ỹ/ỹ. Used to indicate mid-rising, glottalized tone.


𱥺

Variant of 沒, see there for more details.