y

lương y như từ mẫu

(literary) a good physician is like a good mother


vi

(anatomy, especially of sharks) Alternative form of vây (“fin”)


can

alternative medicine
alternative medicine


mi

Sino-Vietnamese word from 眉 (“eyebrows”). Doublet of mày. Probably unrelated to mí (“eyelid”).


son

head

侖, 倫, 崙, 󱏟, 󰅬, 𣗾, 𣘈, 𪳔, 𧹪, 𪿽, 󱠟

vi-noun

侖, 倫, 崙, 󱏟, 󰅬, 𣗾, 𣘈, 𪳔, 𧹪, 𪿽, 󱠟

(classifier thỏi, cây (“lipstick”)) son • (侖, 倫, 崙, 󱏟, 󰅬, 𣗾, 𣘈, 𪳔, 𧹪, 𪿽, 󱠟)

thỏi (classifier)
侖 (CJK)
倫 (CJK)
崙 (CJK)
𣗾 (CJK)
𣘈 (CJK)
𪳔 (CJK)
𧹪 (CJK)
𪿽 (CJK)

This word had initial *k-r- in Old Vietnamese.


ven

bắt ven


u

khối (classifier)
cục (classifier)
幽 (CJK)
𢉾 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *ʔuː (“hump (of a zebu)”).

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-u.wav


湯

湯: Hán Việt readings: thang (canonical)
sương (canonical)
thãng 湯: Nôm readings: than (canonical)

(alternative medicine) chữ Hán form of thang (“a dose of herbal medicine”).


bia

Borrowed from French bière, from Middle Dutch bier.

bụng bia


ca

Ca này nặng đấy!

Đã có 5 ca tử vong.


chi

(formal, anatomy, chiefly zoology) a limb


xương

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-xương.wav

From Proto-Vietic *ɟaːŋ ~ *tʃɨəŋ < Proto-Vietic *tʃ-ʔaːŋ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *cʔaaŋ ~ *cʔaiŋ. Cognate with Mang caːŋ⁴, Khmer ឆ្អឹង (chʼəng), Semai je'aak, Khasi sh'ing and Santali ᱡᱟᱝ (jaṅ).

xương bánh chè

hai xương cẳng chân

bộ xương sọ


hen

Cognate with Kuy [Salavan] hɛːn ("to cough").


da

làn (classifier)
䏧 (CJK)
𤿦 (CJK)
𪤻 (CJK)

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-da.wav

From Proto-Vietic *-taː. Cognate with Muong Bi ta.

da đầu

(anatomy) skin (outer covering of the body)


protein

[pɹo˧˧ te˧˧ ʔin˧˧]

[pɹow˧˧ tej˧˧ ʔɨn˧˧]


chai

→ Eastern Mnong: čai

→ Tai Dam: ꪊꪱꪥ


mai

For the connection between "first part of the day" and "day after this one", compare Germanic equivalents such as English morn(ning) and morrow, Dutch morgen, Romance ones such as French demain and Italian domani, and Japanese 明日 and 朝 (ashita).

(colloquial) Short for ngày mai (“tomorrow”).

the hair in front of a person's ears, sideburns


mai

(classifier cây, bông, hoa) mai • (枚, 梅)

cây (classifier)
bông (classifier)
hoa (classifier)
枚 (CJK)
梅 (CJK)

Sino-Vietnamese word from 梅 (“Chinese plum”).

vi-etym-sino

1999, Lê Trung Vũ and Lê Hồng Lý, Lễ hội Việt Nam, Văn hoá Thông tin, page 357

In times of old, the ceremony of selecting Imperial Examination laureates was organized in spring, to coincide with the blooming of the apricot trees.

Ngày xưa kỳ thi Hội chọn lấy đỗ Tiến sĩ được tổ chức vào mùa xuân, cùng với dịp hoa mai nở.

Ochna integerrima, a tree species (sometimes shrub) of the family Ochnaceae, sometimes called apricot in English


tai

head

哉, 𦖱, 腮, 𦖻, 顋, 𣌒

vi-noun

哉, 𦖱, 腮, 𦖻, 顋, 𣌒

(classifier cái) tai • (哉, 𦖱, 腮, 𦖻, 顋, 𣌒)

cái (classifier)
哉 (CJK)
𦖱 (CJK)
腮 (CJK)
𦖻 (CJK)
顋 (CJK)
𣌒 (CJK)


thang

(alternative medicine) a prescribed dose of Chinese or Vietnamese medicine


bát

Sino-Vietnamese word from 缽 (“earthen bowl”), ultimately from Sanskrit पात्र (pātra).

vi-etym-sino

(Northern Vietnam) a small bowl that can be held in one hand, chiefly used for eating rice


bát

Attested in the hydronyms Cái Bát and Ngả Bát.


cu

From etymology 1. For semantic relationship, compare English cock, Chinese 屌 (diǎo), 鳥／鸟 (“bird”), Cantonese 㞗, 鳩／鸠 (“pigeon”), Thai นกเขา (nók-kǎo, “pigeon”). Also see cò, chim.


tim

vi-noun

(classifier quả, trái, con) tim • (𢙭, 心)

quả (classifier)
trái (classifier)
con (classifier)
𢙭 (CJK)
心 (CJK)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 心 (SV: tâm). Doublet of tâm.
For some examples of ‹i› in vernacular loans versus ‹â› in standard Sino-Vietnamese, see also phím, kịp, kín, nhịn.
The figurative usage of the word "heart" seen in Modern Vietnamese is at least partially due to foreign influence (either Chinese 心 (MC sim) or some European languages like French cœur). Traditionally, the locations for psychological states and feelings are bụng (“belly, abdomen”), lòng (“intestines, entrails”), dạ (“stomach, the inside”).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">tâm</i>

vi-etym-sino

Hẳn là các vị thần trên núi Ô-lem-pơ đã ban cho nàng một trái tim sắt đá hơn ai hết trong đám đàn bà yếu đuối,[…]

1983, Homer, translated by Phan Thị Miến, Ô-đi-xê [The Odyssey]:

The Olympians must have granted you the hardest heart among the frail women, […]


ria

bộ (classifier)
挗 (CJK)
髭 (CJK)
𣭯 (CJK)
𩮭 (CJK)


gan

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav

From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ ("bold").
Displaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm.


vai

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-vai.wav

Attested as Middle Vietnamese ꞗĕai, ꞗai in Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651), a dictionary based chiefly on the Northern dialects.
Attested in Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經) as 多埋 (MC ta meaj) (modern SV: đa mai).
Compare Proto-Katuic *ʔapaal (“shoulder”) (whence Pacoh apal).
Some North Central dialects have the form ban with unlenited ‹b› (vs. standard form with lenited ‹v›) and ‹-n› reflex of earlier *-l.


SIDA

[si˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

[si˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

[sɪj˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

[ʂɪj˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

[sɪj˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

[sɪj˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

[ʂɪj˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

[sɪj˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˧]

Em đâu có biết
Bố mẹ bị SIDA
Ông bà là tướng cướp
Giết người là chuyên gia.
I had no idea
My parents had AIDS
My grandparents were gangsters
Who were professional murderers.

hội chứng suy giảm miễn dịch mắc phải#Vietnamese

acquired immune deficiency syndrome
acquired immune deficiency syndrome

(colloquial) Synonym of hội chứng suy giảm miễn dịch mắc phải (“acquired immune deficiency syndrome”); AIDS


mí

head

mí • (睸, 𥈢, 𦝺)

vi-noun

mí • (睸, 𥈢, 𦝺)

Ferlus reconstructed Proto-Vietic *k-piːl ~ *ɓiːlʔ (“eyelid”). This is a curious etymology.
The potential Muong Bi cognate pèl is attested in Từ điển Mường-Việt (2002), having an A tone and pointing to a plain stop, while the Vietnamese word has a nasal, which points to the implosive *ɓ, and a B tone. The various clearly cognate forms are attested in Ngữ âm tiếng Mường qua các phương ngôn (1982), with both forms showing tone A (akin to Mường Bi) and tone B (akin to Vietnamese). Tho [Cuối Chăm] biːl³ agrees with Vietnamese in both initial and tone.


coronavirus

[kɔ˧˧ zo˧˧ naː˧˧ vi˧˧ ɹut̚˧˦]

[kɔ˧˧ zo˧˧ naː˧˧ vi˧˧ zut̚˧˦]

[ko˧˧ zo˧˧ naː˧˧ vi˧˧ ɹut̚˧˦]

[kɔ˧˧ ʐow˧˧ naː˧˧ vɪj˧˧ ɹʊk̚˦˧˥]

[kow˧˧ ʐow˧˧ naː˧˧ vɪj˧˧ ɹʊk̚˦˧˥]

[kɔ˧˧ ɹow˧˧ naː˧˧ vɪj˧˧ ɹʊk͡p̚˦˥]

[kɔ˧˧ ɹow˧˧ naː˧˧ jɪj˧˧ ɹʊk͡p̚˦˥]

[kow˧˧ ɹow˧˧ naː˧˧ vɪj˧˧ ɹʊk͡p̚˦˥]

[kow˧˧ ɹow˧˧ naː˧˧ jɪj˧˧ ɹʊk͡p̚˦˥]

English coronavirus. From translingual Coronavirus, from Latin corona+Latin virus, from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē). Compare virus corona.

Bộ Ngoại giao Việt Nam hôm qua xác nhận có 8285 người Việt “đang sinh sống, học tập và lao động” tại thành phố Daegu, tâm dịch coronavirus ở Hàn Quốc.

2020 February 24, Trinh Nguyễn, “Hàn Quốc trở thành tâm dịch coronavirus lớn nhất bên ngoài Trung Quốc [South Korea becomes the largest concentration of a coronavirus outbreak outside China]”, in SBS Vietnamese, Special Broadcasting Service, retrieved 2020-03-19:

The Vietnam Foreign Ministry yesterday confirmed that 8,285 Vietnamese “are living, studying, and working” in the city of Daegu, the epicenter of a coronavirus outbreak in South Korea.

Italia bị dịch Coronavirus nặng nhất sau Trung Quốc.

2020 March 14, Trần Đức Anh, “Sinh hoạt Công Giáo đó đây trước nạn dịch Coronavirus [Catholic activities everywhere before the coronavirus outbreak]”, in Vatican News, Pontifical Council for Social Communications, retrieved 2020-03-19:

Italy suffered the worst coronavirus outbreak after China.


bón

From a Tai language. Compare Thai ป้อน (bpɔ̂ɔn), Saek puːn⁶.

to put (manure or fertilizer) on the soil


toa

From Teochew 單／单. Compare Thai ตั๋ว (dtǔua), Khmer តួ (tuə).


râu

head

𫘼, 𩭶, 𩅺, 𩯁, 鬍

vi-noun

𫘼, 𩭶, 𩅺, 𩯁, 鬍

(classifier sợi, cọng) râu • (𫘼, 𩭶, 𩅺, 𩯁, 鬍)

sợi (classifier)
cọng (classifier)
𫘼 (CJK)
𩭶 (CJK)
𩅺 (CJK)
𩯁 (CJK)
鬍 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *-soː, from Old Chinese 鬚 (OC *C-[s.n]o) (B-S) (SV: tu). Cognate with Muong thô. Doublet of tua.

(by extension, of another mammal) a whisker


mái

mái ngố


bì

Sino-Vietnamese word from 皮 (“skin”).
For a parallel where a Sino-Vietnamese item acquires cookery denotation, see huyết (“blood curd”) (vs. native máu (“blood”)). For a reverse case, compare Sino-Vietnamese não vs. native óc.


nóng

From Proto-Vietic *p-ɗuŋʔ ~ *p-ruŋʔ (“hot”).

Dưa hấu nóng lắm. Đừng có ăn nhiều quá.
Dưa hấu thì "nóng" kiểu gì?
Don't eat too much watermelon. It's a "hot" food.
How in the world is watermelon "hot"?

(alternative medicine, of food and drink) causing the body to be nhiệt (literally “heated”)


xù

Con mèo sợ hãi, xù lông.


má

From Proto-Vietic *-maːʔ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer. Cognate with Tho [Cuối Chăm] maː³ ("cheek"), Arem umæːʔ ("gills"), Proto-Palaungic *cəmaːʔ (“cheek”) (whence Riang [Sak] sᵊmɑʔ²), Proto-Nicobarese *samaː (whence Central Nicobarese [Nancowry] shama (“jaw”)) and Bondo ǰama ("jaw").
This item might be an infixed form (nominalizing *-m-) of the root *ca(ː)ʔ (“to eat”), as suggested in Sidwell (2018).

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-má.wav


mifepristone

Unadapted borrowing from English mifepristone.


mang

From Proto-Vietic *k-maːŋ; cognate with Muong mang and Chut [Rục] kumaːŋ¹. Compare Bahnar kơmang (“gill”), Khmu [Cuang] maːŋ ("gill").

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-mang.wav

mang nòng nọc


cao

Sino-Vietnamese word from 膏 (“fat; grease; oil”).

vi-etym-sino

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-cao.wav

cao mèo

cao hổ cốt

Bạch Hổ Hoạt Lạc Cao

(alternative medicine) a tonic, balm or cream made from animal flesh or bone


nau

From an infixed form (with *-rn-) of Proto-Vietic ancestor of Vietnamese đau (“to be aching, sore, hurt, in pain; to be sick, ill (Northern)”).


lưỡi

head

lưỡi • (礼, 𥚇, 󰟴, 𦧜)

cái (classifier)
礼 (CJK)
𥚇 (CJK)
𦧜 (CJK)

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-lưỡi.wav

From Proto-Vietic *laːs. Cognate with Muong Bi lãi. Compare also Pacoh leah (“to lick”).
The Northern Middle Vietnamese forms lưởi, lưỡi are attested in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).

lại

no diphthongization, dialects with ngã-nặng merger

lãn

no diphthongization, dialects without ngã-nặng merger, *-lʰ shifted to -nC


cười

cười • (䶞, 唭, 𪤺)

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-cười.wav

Một nụ cười bằng mười thang thuốc bổ.

One smile is as effective as 10 portions of supplementary medicine.


vú

vú • (乳, 布, 咘, 𦜘)

vi-noun

vú • (乳, 布, 咘, 𦜘)

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-vú.wav

From Middle Vietnamese ꞗú, from Proto-Vietic *k-buːʔ, the prefixed deriviate of Proto-Vietic *buːʔ ~ ʔuːʔ (“to suck at breast”). Cognate with Muong Bi pủ (“breast”). Related to bú (“to suckle”), which derived from the bare root.

inh

*buːʔ ~ ʔuːʔ

vú bò

(anatomy, by extension, of a non-primate mammal) a body part that functions similarly to the primate breast or nipple; an udder, a teat, etc.


sữa

From Proto-Vietic *p-rah. Cognate with Muong khã, Nguôn [Cổ Liêm] rả.
Attested in Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經) as ⿰吕巴, composed of 巴 (MC pae) + 吕 (MC ljoX) (modern SV: ba lã), ⿰吕巨, composed of 巨 (MC gjoX) + 吕 (MC ljoX) (modern SV: cự lã) and 吕 (MC ljoX) (modern SV: lã).

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sữa.wav

sữa bò

sữa bột

sữa chua

Sữa mẹ là nguồn dinh dưỡng tốt nhất cho sự phát triển của trẻ sơ sinh và trẻ nhỏ.

Mothers' milk is the optimal nutrient for their newborns' and/or infants' development.

milk (white liquid produced by the mammary glands of female mammals to nourish their young)


cà phê sữa đá

head

cà phê sữa đá

cà phê sữa đá

[kaː˨˩ fe˧˧ sɨə˦ˀ˥ ʔɗaː˧˦]

[kaː˦˩ fej˧˧ ʂɨə˧˨ ʔɗaː˨˩˦]

[kaː˦˩ fej˧˧ sɨə˧˨ ʔɗaː˨˩˦]

[kaː˨˩ fej˧˧ ʂɨə˨˩˦ ʔɗaː˦˥]

[kaː˨˩ fej˧˧ sɨə˨˩˦ ʔɗaː˦˥]

cà phê (“coffee”) + sữa (“milk”) + đá (“ice”, short for nước đá)

compound

short for <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">nước đá</i>

a Vietnamese coffee drink made with brewed coffee, sweetened condensed milk, and ice


chuột

[t͡ɕuət̚˧˨ʔ]

[t͡ɕuək̚˨˩ʔ]

From Middle Vietnamese 𤝞 (chuọt, “mouse”), from Proto-Vietic *k-ɟɔːt. Cognate with Arem kaɟuət. See also Khmer ជូត (cuut, “Year of the Rat”) (whence also Thai ชวด (chûuat) through Old Khmer), which is a loan from a Vietic language.
For the "biceps" sense, compare the parallels in Latin mūsculus (“muscle”, literally “little mouse”) and Ancient Greek μῦς (mûs, “mouse; muscle”).
The computing sense is a semantic loan from English mouse.


bắp

vi-noun

(classifier cây (“maize, corn”)) bắp • (𥟼)

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-bắp.wav

bắp chuối


xanh

head

xanh • (撑, 𩇛, 𩇢, 𫕹) (diminutive reduplication xanh xanh)

撑 (CJK)
𩇛 (CJK)
𩇢 (CJK)
𫕹 (CJK)
xanh xanh (diminutive reduplication)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 青 (“grue”, SV: thanh).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">thanh</i>

vi-etym-sino

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-xanh.wav

Meronyms: lam (“blue”), lục (“green”)

bầu trời xanh thẳm

Lá còn xanh như anh đang còn trẻ. / Lá trên cành, như anh trong đoàn quân.

1950, Hoàng Việt (lyrics and music), “Lá xanh [Green Leaves]”:

A leaf is green, like he is young. / A leaf is on a branch, like he is in a troop.

Em yêu anh, ngả nghiêng, bồng bềnh niềm kiêu hãnh. / Thiên đường xanh mướt, gió trong lành […] Hãy yêu nhau, biển trời xanh mãi !

(Can we date this quote?), Mạnh Quân (lyrics and music), “Thiên đường gọi tên [The Paradise is Saying Your Name]”:

I love you, with drifting, floating pride. / A green paradise, with refreshing winds […] Let's be in love so the sea and the sky remain forever blue!

người đầu bạc tiễn kẻ đầu xanh

"the young perish and the old linger"; the old watch the young die (literally, “the "silver-haired" say goodbye to the "green-haired"”)

Tóc nào hãy còn xanh, cho ta chút hồn nhiên.

(Can we date this quote?), Trịnh Công Sơn (lyrics and music), “Ru ta ngậm ngùi [Lull Me with Your Sorrow]”:

Whose hair is still black, granting me a tad of innocence?

Được yêu em đến khi bạc mái đầu xanh.

(Can we date this quote?), Minh Khang (lyrics and music), “Lời nguyền [The Oath]”:

That I could love you until our black hair turns gray.

(literary, of people's head hair) youthfully black


dương vật

[zɨəŋ˧˧ vət̚˧˨ʔ]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ vək̚˨˩ʔ]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ vək̚˨˩˨]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ jək̚˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-dương vật.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 陽物, composed of 陽 (“yang”) and 物 (“thing”).


áo mưa

[ʔaːw˧˦ mɨə˧˧]

[ʔaːw˨˩˦ mɨə˧˧]

[ʔaːw˦˥ mɨə˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-áo mưa.wav

Có lần, trời sắp mưa, bố chồng tôi dặn: “Đem theo áo mưa con nhé”, câu nói đó làm tôi phát khóc vì từ bé tới giờ, tôi ít được quan tâm như thế.

2012 April 1, Vĩnh Khang, “Nhà văn Trang Hạ: Yêu người đàn ông biết bắt cướp [Trang Hạ, the Writer Who Loves a Man Who Chases down Muggers]”, in Nông nghiệp Việt Nam [Vietnamese Agriculture]:

One time when it was about to rain, my father-in-law told me, "Don't forget your raincoat," which made me cry because I had rarely ever been cared about that way since childhood.

Tại vì bình thường thì lúc nào sếp cũng chuẩn bị sẵn áo mưa, và xưa nay lần nào cũng mang bao. Nhưng có một lần ông sếp phải cách ba tháng mới quay lại đây, không mang bao. Hạ Âu cũng không biết, không cảm nhận.

(Can we date this quote?), 曹婷, “Chương 16: Tiếng than [Chapter 16: The Groan]”, in Đỗ Thu Thuỷ, transl., Xin lỗi, em chỉ là con đĩ [Sorry, I'm Just a Whore], translation of 我把爱情煲成汤:

'Cause he usually had his raincoats ready and always got gloved up. But one time he came back after three months without a glove. He Ou didn't know and didn't feel anything.

(slang) Synonym of bao cao su (“raincoat”) (condom)


chim

From etymology 1. For some parallels, compare English cock, Chinese 鳥／鸟 (điểu, “bird”) and 屌 (điểu, “penis”), Thai นกเขา (nók-kǎo, “pigeon”). See also cu, cò.

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-chim.wav


đầu

Sino-Vietnamese word from 頭.
Displaced inherited Vietic word trốc in most major dialects.


buồng trứng

[ʔɓuəŋ˨˩ t͡ɕɨŋ˧˦]

[ʔɓuəŋ˦˩ ʈɨŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɓuəŋ˨˩ ʈɨŋ˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-buồng trứng.wav


ngón tay

[ŋɔn˧˦ taj˧˧]

[ŋɔŋ˦˧˥ taj˧˧]

[ŋɔŋ˦˥ ta(ː)j˧˧]


cánh tay

[kɛɲ˦˧˥ taj˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-cánh tay.wav

Derived termscánh tay dướicánh tay trên ()


bưởi

head

bưởi • (𣘓, 𣞻)

vi-noun

(classifier cây, quả, trái) bưởi • (𣘓, 𣞻)

cây (classifier)
quả (classifier)
trái (classifier)
𣘓 (CJK)
𣞻 (CJK)

Nó có bưởi to.

(anatomy, euphemistic, humorous, of a woman) a boob; a jug


uýt-ki

[ʔwɨt̚˦˧˥ kɪj˧˧]

[(ʔ)wɨt̚˦˥ kɪj˧˧]


sâm panh

[səm˧˧ pajŋ̟˧˧]

[səm˧˧ ʔɓajŋ̟˧˧]

[ʂəm˧˧ pɛɲ˧˧]

[səm˧˧ pɛɲ˧˧]

[ʂəm˧˧ ʔɓɛɲ˧˧]

[səm˧˧ ʔɓɛɲ˧˧]

[ʂəm˧˧ pan˧˧]

[ʂəm˧˧ ʔɓan˧˧]

[səm˧˧ ʔɓan˧˧]


lông

head

篭, 𣯡, 𱥤, 𬖅, 󱲧, 𣰳, 𣰴, 𱻢, 𫅮, 󰭧, 𱸉, 𱸢

vi-noun

篭, 𣯡, 𱥤, 𬖅, 󱲧, 𣰳, 𣰴, 𱻢, 𫅮, 󰭧, 𱸉, 𱸢

(classifier bộ) lông • (篭, 𣯡, 𱥤, 𬖅, 󱲧, 𣰳, 𣰴, 𱻢, 𫅮, 󰭧, 𱸉, 𱸢)

bộ (classifier)
篭 (CJK)
𣯡 (CJK)
𱥤 (CJK)
𬖅 (CJK)
𣰳 (CJK)
𣰴 (CJK)
𱻢 (CJK)
𫅮 (CJK)
𱸉 (CJK)
𱸢 (CJK)

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-lông.wav

lông mu

lông nách

lông lá

(of a person, especially of a woman) hairy in a socially undesirable way

mọc lông

to have your hair grow, usually involuntarily and undesirably

mọc lông nách

non-head, non-beard, non-mustache and non-whisker hair or feathers; fur, coat or plumage


lông

head

篭, 𣯡, 𱥤, 𬖅, 󱲧, 𣰳, 𣰴, 𱻢, 𫅮, 󰭧, 𱸉, 𱸢

vi-noun

篭, 𣯡, 𱥤, 𬖅, 󱲧, 𣰳, 𣰴, 𱻢, 𫅮, 󰭧, 𱸉, 𱸢

(classifier sợi, cọng) lông • (篭, 𣯡, 𱥤, 𬖅, 󱲧, 𣰳, 𣰴, 𱻢, 𫅮, 󰭧, 𱸉, 𱸢)

sợi (classifier)
cọng (classifier)
篭 (CJK)
𣯡 (CJK)
𱥤 (CJK)
𬖅 (CJK)
𣰳 (CJK)
𣰴 (CJK)
𱻢 (CJK)
𫅮 (CJK)
𱸉 (CJK)
𱸢 (CJK)

a non-head, non-beard, non-mustache and non-whisker hair or feather


rượu

head

rượu • (酒, 溜, 𨢇, 𤄍)

vi-noun

rượu • (酒, 溜, 𨢇, 𤄍)

From Proto-Vietic *raːwʔ. Cognate with Muong Bi rão, Tho [Cuối Chăm] riɛw⁴, Proto-Pong *riɛw⁴. This word is only attested in the more innovative subgroups (Viet-Muong, Tho, Pong), while the more conservative subgroups such as Chutic inheriting reflexes of *p-ɗoː (originally "yeast", cf. Khmu [Cuang] pdoʔ ("yeast")) or some other words.
Considering the paucity of cognates, the lack of indication of semantic shift from earlier meaning and that it is a cultural item, this is probably ultimately a loanword, although the origin is not yet clear. However, compare Proto-Tai *ʰlawꟲ (whence Thai เหล้า (lâo)), as well as these Sino-Tibetan words: Chinese 醪 (OC *ruːw, “alcohol with dregs”) (ZS),Tibetan རུ་མ (ru ma, “curdled milk”), and Jingpho ru (“liquor”).
This is not a cognate nor descendant of Chinese 酒 (OC *tsuʔ) (B-S). As indicated by reflexes in other Vietic languages, Vietnamese ‹r-› is inherited and is not the result of spirantization.


nước bọt

[nɨək̚˧˦ ʔɓɔt̚˧˨ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ ʔɓɔk̚˨˩ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˥ ʔɓɔk̚˨˩˨]

(rather formal) saliva (liquid secreted into the mouth)


mặt

head

末, 𩈘, 𫖀, 密, 𪾺, 𬰢

vi-noun

末, 𩈘, 𫖀, 密, 𪾺, 𬰢

(classifier cái, bộ, gương, khuôn, bản) mặt • (末, 𩈘, 𫖀, 密, 𪾺, 𬰢)

cái (classifier)
bộ (classifier)
gương (classifier)
khuôn (classifier)
bản (classifier)
末 (CJK)
𩈘 (CJK)
𫖀 (CJK)
密 (CJK)
𪾺 (CJK)
𬰢 (CJK)

From Middle Vietnamese mặt.
Originally meaning “eye” and is the regular descendant of Proto-Vietic *mat (“eye”), further from Proto-Mon-Khmer *mat (“eye”). Related to mắt (“eye”). The semantic change of “eye” > “face” can also be seen in Muong, most dialects of which use a single form, măt, to mean both “eye” and “face”.


nanh

head

獰, 狞, 𫜧, 󱲅, 𤘓, 𪺖

vi-noun

獰, 狞, 𫜧, 󱲅, 𤘓, 𪺖

(classifier cái) nanh • (獰, 狞, 𫜧, 󱲅, 𤘓, 𪺖)

cái (classifier)
獰 (CJK)
狞 (CJK)
𫜧 (CJK)
𤘓 (CJK)
𪺖 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *k-nɛːŋ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *gnaiŋ ~ *gniəŋ. Cognate with Muong nenh, Tho [Cuối Chăm] nɛːŋ¹ ("tooth"), Pacoh kineng (“tooth”), Khmer ស្នែង (snaeng), Bahnar sơnĕnh, hơnĕnh (“tooth”).


cằm

cái (classifier)
肣 (CJK)
𦚕 (CJK)
𦠴 (CJK)
𦡬 (CJK)

From Proto-Mon-Khmer *dɡam ~ *dɡaam ~ *dɡəm (“molar tooth; jaw”). Cognate with Khmer ថ្គាម (thkiəm).


lách

Saccharum spontaneum
Saccharum spontaneum#Translingual

Saccharum spontaneum (wild sugarcane, Kans grass), native to south Asia


yếm

→ English: yem

→ Tai Dam: ꪮꪸ꪿ꪣ

From Proto-Vietic *ʔiɛmʔ (“breastplate”), a non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 裺 (“bib worn by infants”, SV: yểm), likely related to yểm (掩, “to cover; to hide”).
Cognate with Muong yểm. Compare the possible loanwords: Thai เอี๊ยม (íiam), Khmer អៀម (ʼiəm).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">yểm</i>

vi-etym-sino

a yem, a Vietnamese bodice based on the Chinese dudou.

yếm dãi

(by extension) a garment that looks similar and that is worn in a similar fashion, such as a bib or a dudou


cứt

From Proto-Vietic *kəc ~ *kɨc (“faeces”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ʔic ~ *ʔiə(c) ~ *ʔ(ə)c (“excrement; faeces”). Cognate with Muong Bi kếch (“rusty”), Arem kʉc, Khmer អាចម៍ (ʼac).
This is one of three known cases of velar initial in Vietnamese corresponding to zero-initial in other Austroasiatic branches. The other two cases are củi (“firewood”) and the dialectal cảy (“swollen”).

cục cứt

đống cứt

Coi chừng giậm cứt chó đó nghen.

(informal) shit (solid excretory product evacuated from the bowel)


huyền

đen huyền

tóc huyền

(thanh) huyền

(dấu) huyền

the grave accent for representing the huyền tone


ruột

From Proto-Vietic *rɔːc, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ruuc ~ *ruəc. Cognate with Muong rọch, Arem rùəc, Proto-Katuic *rɔɔc (whence Pacoh roiq) and Mon ကြုတ်.


máu

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-máu.wav

From Middle Vietnamese 昴 (mấu, máu), 泖 (mấu, máu), 𧖰 (mấu, máu), 𧖱 (mấu, máu), from Proto-Vietic *t-muːʔ (“sap”).


đầu gối

[ʔɗəw˨˩ ɣoj˧˦]

[ʔɗəw˦˩ ɣoj˨˩˦]

[ʔɗəw˨˩ ɣoj˦˥]

đầu (“head”) + gối (“knee”), perhaps to avoid ambiguity with the other gối (“pillow”), but also probably to refer specifically to the "head" of the knee, the kneecap (compare English olecranon (literally “head of the elbow”)). Sino-Vietnamese đầu largely displaced native trốc, as in trốc gối.
For some semantic parallels, compare Thai หัวเข่า (hǔua-kào), Zhuang gyaeujhoq, Chinese 膝頭／膝头 (tất đầu), Japanese 膝頭 (hizagashira), Ainu コッカサパ (kokkasapa), Malay lutut, Basque belaunburu, Welsh pen-lin, Yoruba orunkun.

ncog

knee (joint in the middle of the leg and area around it)


miệng

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-miệng.wav

From Proto-Vietic *mɛːŋʔ (“mouth”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer. Cognate with Kri meengq ("language"), Semai miing (“cheek”), Khmu [Cuang] miəŋ ("to chew"). Related to miếng (“piece”).
Attested in the Annan Jishi (安南即事, 13th century) as 皿 (MC mjaengX).

báo cáo miệng


mồm

From Proto-Vietic *-moːm. Cognate with Proto-Palaungic *-moːm (“mouth”).

to mồm
loudmouthed


sâu

From Proto-Vietic *c-ruː (“deep”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɟruuʔ ~ *ɟruh ~ *rɟuh (“deep”). Cognate with Nghệ An/Hà Tĩnh dialects su, Muong khu, Khmer ជ្រៅ (crɨw), Bahnar jrŭ, Pacoh tru, Khmu [Cuang] ɟruʔ.

inh

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sâu.wav


sâu

Regarding the adjectival sense, compare Japanese 虫歯 (mushiba, literally “bug tooth”).


sâu

răng sâu

sâu răng


nhà thương

[ɲaː˨˩ tʰɨəŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˦˩ tʰɨəŋ˧˧]

[ɲaː˨˩ tʰɨəŋ˧˧]

nhà thương điên

(now humorous, dated in serious usage) hospital


hội âm

[hoj˧˨ʔ ʔəm˧˧]

[hoj˨˩ʔ ʔəm˧˧]

[hoj˨˩˨ ʔəm˧˧]


bão

cơn (classifier)
暴 (CJK)
雹 (CJK)
𣋰 (CJK)
𩙕 (CJK)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 暴 (“violent; vicious”, SV: bạo).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">bạo</i>

vi-etym-sino

(medicine) colicky pain (in the abdomen)


enzim

[ʔɛn˧˧ zim˧˧]

[ʔɛŋ˧˧ zim˧˧]

[ʔɛŋ˧˧ jim˧˧]

[ʔɛŋ˧˧ zim˧˧]

[ʔɛŋ˧˧ jim˧˧]


tuỷ xương

[twi˧˩ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[twɪj˧˨ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[t⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ sɨəŋ˧˧]


cốc tai

[kəwk͡p̚˦˧˥ taːj˧˧]

From English cocktail or French cocktail.


nách

head

腋, 𦙜, 溺, 𦡥, 𦟜, 膈, 膉

vi-noun

腋, 𦙜, 溺, 𦡥, 𦟜, 膈, 膉

腋 (CJK)
𦙜 (CJK)
溺 (CJK)
𦡥 (CJK)
𦟜 (CJK)
膈 (CJK)
膉 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *-nɛːk (a nasal infixed form), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kʔik ~ *kʔiək ~ *kʔaik (“armpit”). Directly cognate with Muong Bi néch; within Vietic, the uninfixed form can be seen with Tho [Cuối Chăm] kɛːk⁷ and Muong Bi kéch. Outside of Vietic, cognate with Khmer ក្លៀក (kliək) (through a lateral infixed form), Khmu [Cuang] klʔɛk (through a lateral infixed form), Mal kɛʔ (uninfixed), Mon ကၞက် (as in ပါၚ်ကၞက်, through a nasal infixed form).

inh

hôi nách

lông nách


gió

head

俞, 愈, 𪬪, 𫗄, 𫗃, 𩙍, 𫖾, 𩙌, 𩙋, 𫕲, 逾, 𩖅

vi-noun

俞, 愈, 𪬪, 𫗄, 𫗃, 𩙍, 𫖾, 𩙌, 𩙋, 𫕲, 逾, 𩖅

(classifier cơn, ngọn, con, luồng, làn) gió • (俞, 愈, 𪬪, 𫗄, 𫗃, 𩙍, 𫖾, 𩙌, 𩙋, 𫕲, 逾, 𩖅)

cơn (classifier)
ngọn (classifier)
con (classifier)
luồng (classifier)
làn (classifier)
俞 (CJK)
愈 (CJK)
𪬪 (CJK)
𫗄 (CJK)
𫗃 (CJK)
𩙍 (CJK)
𫖾 (CJK)
𩙌 (CJK)
𩙋 (CJK)
𫕲 (CJK)
逾 (CJK)
𩖅 (CJK)

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gió.wav

From Middle Vietnamese gió, from Proto-Vietic *k-jɔːʔ ~ *kʰjɔːʔ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kjaal. Cognate with Muong xỏ, Arem kajɑːʔ, Pacoh cudyial, Khmer ខ្យល់ (khyɑl), Bahnar kial and Santali ᱦᱚᱭ (hôy).
Attested in Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經) as 𪬪, composed of 个 (MC kaH) + 愈 (MC yuX) (modern SV: cá dũ), and 愈 (MC yuX) (modern SV: dũ). Attested in the Annan Jishi (安南即事, 13th century) as 教 (MC kaewH) (compare the Sino-Korean and Sino-Japanese readings of the character).
The rime of the Vietic and Munda forms (with back, rounded vowel) does not really match with the rest of Austroasiatic (which has *-aːl) and is probably one of the few identifiable Vieto-Munda isoglosses. Compare Juang kojo, Chut [Rục] kəjɔː³ vs. Old Mon kyāl, Talieng kjaːl.

Yếu mà còn ra gió.

You go out into the wind even though you're weak. / Don't expose yourself to the wind if you're so weak. / Don't try to do daring things if you really can't.

(alternative medicine) harmful elements that are believed to cause fevers, especially if the patient is exposed to a lot of wind, commonly thought of as actual harmful winds that can penetrate the body and that can be guarded against with silver-coated necklaces, wristbands or ankle bands


đuôi

head

đuôi • (𡓋, 𡳪)

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-đuôi.wav

From Proto-Vietic *dɔːj ~ *tɔːj (“tail”). Compare Khmer កន្ទុយ (kɑɑkɑntuy).


răng

夌, 𪘵, 𲎩, 𫆢, 𬹸, 𦢠

vi-noun

夌, 𪘵, 𲎩, 𫆢, 𬹸, 𦢠

(classifier cái, chiếc) răng • (夌, 𪘵, 𲎩, 𫆢, 𬹸, 𦢠)

cái (classifier)
chiếc (classifier)
夌 (CJK)
𪘵 (CJK)
𲎩 (CJK)
𫆢 (CJK)
𬹸 (CJK)
𦢠 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *k-saŋ. Cognate with Muong thăng, Arem atʰaŋ, Thavung กะซัง.
Shorto (2006) traces Viet-Muong items' etymological origins to Proto-Mon-Khmer *sra(a)ŋ, but this can be dismissed as all Vietic cognates point to *-s-.

bộ răng


răng

Răng mà mi mần được hay rứa?


bàn chân

[ʔɓaːn˨˩ t͡ɕən˧˧]

[ʔɓaːŋ˦˩ t͡ɕəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓaːŋ˨˩ cəŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-bàn chân.wav

a foot (the weight-bearing end of a limb)


ngực

bầu ngực

(euphemistic, of a human female) breasts


mút

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-mút.wav


móng tay

[mɔŋ˦˧˥ taj˧˧]


bụng

[ʔɓʊwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓʊwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓʊwŋ͡m˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-bụng.wav

From Proto-Vietic *buːŋʔ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *buŋ() ~ *buuŋʔ. Cognate with Khmer ពុង (pung), Mon ဗုၚ် (pɜ̀ŋ), Nguôn pũng, pụng, Thai พุง (pung).
In Vietnamese culture, instead of "heart", traditionally "belly, abdomen" was considered to be where people harbor their feelings and emotions. See also lòng (“intestine”) and dạ (“belly, stomach”).

cog

Mon ဗုၚ် (pɜ̀ŋ)

Tự đó vua Chiêu-thống trong bụng buồn-bã rầu-rĩ, không dám nói đến việc xin binh nữa.

1920, Trần Trọng Kim, Việt Nam sử lược, volume II, Trung Bắc Tân Văn, page 139:

From then on, Emperor Chiêu Thống felt morose and did not dare mention requesting more troops anymore.

(figurative) inner feelings, inner thoughts


lưng

vi-noun

(classifier cái, tấm) lưng • (𦝄, 𨉞, 𠦻, 𦡟)

cái (classifier)
tấm (classifier)
𦝄 (CJK)
𨉞 (CJK)
𠦻 (CJK)
𦡟 (CJK)

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-lưng.wav

From Proto-Vietic *k-ləŋ (“back”). Compare Proto-Tai *ʰlaŋᴬ (“back”), whence Thai หลัง (lǎng).

瓢篤江山醝𢴇𨢇
襊𠦻風月𥘀爲詩

18th–19th century, Hồ Xuân Hương (胡春香), “Cảnh thu (景秋) [Autumn Landscape]”, in John Balaban, transl., Spring Essence: The Poetry of Hồ Xuân Hương, Copper Canyon Press (book), also hosted by Nôm Foundation (online), published 2000:

I lift my wine flask, drunk with rivers and hills.
My backpack, breathing moonlight, sags with poems.

Bầu dốc giang sơn say chấp rượu,
Túi lưng phong nguyệt nặng vì thơ.


cánh

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-cánh.wav

From Proto-Vietic *kɛːŋʔ.
Đại Nam Quấc âm tự vị (1895) records the now obsolete form written as kiến. Considering that this dictionary is based on Southern Vietnamese when the /n > ŋ/ shift already occurred, the form intended here would be etymologically spelled as kiếng (cf. the "kiến" for "glass" entry right below). This kiếng/cánh pair represents the diphthongized and undiphthongized variants respectively, in the same vein of miếng - mánh.


mũi

cái (classifier)
𪖫 (CJK)
𪖬 (CJK)
每 (CJK)

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-mũi.wav

From Proto-Vietic *muːs (“nose”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *muh ~ *muuh ~ *muus (“nose”); cognates include Khmer ច្រមុះ (crɑɑmoh), Bahnar muh, Khasi khmut, Mon မိုဟ်, Car Nicobarese meh.
For the sense of "cape", compare the development of English ness, Bulgarian нос (nos).


gối

chiếc (classifier)
cái (classifier)
𩠴 (CJK)
𫋻 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *-koːlʔ, perhaps from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kulʔ, a variant of *kəl( ) ~ *kəəlʔ (“to support; to help”). Compare Khmer កល់ (kɑl, “to support from below”), ខ្នល់ (khnɑl, “prop; cushion”).

cog

vỏ/bao/áo gối

gối ôm


mắt

head

末, 眜, 𬑉, 𥉴, 𪾺

vi-noun

末, 眜, 𬑉, 𥉴, 𪾺

con (classifier)
末 (CJK)
眜 (CJK)
𬑉 (CJK)
𥉴 (CJK)
𪾺 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *mat, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *mat. Akin to Muong Bi măt, Old Mon mɔt (modern Mon မတ်), Bahnar măt, Pacoh mát, Khasi 'mat/khmat, Khmu mat, Mang mat⁷, Car Nicobarese mat, Santali ᱢᱮᱫ (met’).
Compare also Proto-Austronesian *maCa (Malay mata), Proto-Tai *p.taːᴬ (Thai ตา (dtaa)), Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-mjak ~ s-mik (Chinese 目 (mù) (mù < OC *C.muk), Tibetan མིག (mig)).

nước mắt


bướu

head

bướu • (肬, 𤷶, 𤹼, 𤺴)

vi-noun

(classifier cái, cục) bướu • (肬, 𤷶, 𤹼, 𤺴)

cái (classifier)
cục (classifier)
肬 (CJK)
𤷶 (CJK)
𤹼 (CJK)
𤺴 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *pɨəwʔ (“goiter; goitre”); cognates include Muong pưởu.


chân

From Proto-Vietic *ɟiːŋ (“leg, foot”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɟuŋ ~ *ɟuəŋ ~ *ɟəŋ (“leg, foot”). Cognate with Muong chân, Pacoh adyưng, Bahnar jơ̆ng, Khmer ជើង (cəəng), Mon ဇိုၚ်, Jah Hut jong, Jehai can.
Final velar *-ŋ was palatalized to *-ɲ after front vowel; this new form with *-ɲ (reconstructed as Proto-Viet-Muong *ciɲ by Ferlus) then gave rise to the modern form with ‹n›. See also lên, đến, cù lần for other instances of palatalization of *-ŋ after front vowels.

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-chân.wav


mạch

mạch máu

bắt mạch

(medicine, especially alternative medicine) a pulse


sọ

From Proto-Vietic *k-rɔːʔ. Cognate with Tho [Cuối Chăm] kʰrɔː⁴, Arem tluəʔ.


mật

From Proto-Mon-Khmer *kmət ~ *k(p)mat (“gall”). Cognate with Chut [Rục] mɨt⁸, Semai kemat (“gall bladder”), Bahnar kơmăt/kơmơ̆t (“gall bladder”), Pacoh mít and Khmer ប្រមាត់ (prɑɑmŏət).

cog

Khmer ប្រមាត់ (prɑɑmŏət)

(medicine) Short for túi mật (“gall bladder”).


mày

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 眉 (“eyebrows”, SV: mi); compare mi (“eyelashes”).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">mi</i>


thuốc phiện

[tʰuək̚˧˦ fiən˧˨ʔ]

[tʰuək̚˦˧˥ fiəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[tʰuək̚˦˥ fiəŋ˨˩˨]

From thuốc (“drug”) + phiện (片) (short for á phiện (鴉片, “opium”)).


mép

head

𠰏, 𠲵, 𠵐, 𠵽, 𦝌

vi-noun

𠰏, 𠲵, 𠵐, 𠵽, 𦝌

liếm mép

mép nước


xót

(usually of a body part) be hurt, be in pain


bao dương vật

[ʔɓaːw˧˧ zɨəŋ˧˧ vət̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓaːw˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧ vək̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓaːw˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧ vək̚˨˩˨]

[ʔɓaːw˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˧ jək̚˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-bao dương vật.wav


bao cao su

[ʔɓaːw˧˧ kaːw˧˧ su˧˧]

[ʔɓaːw˧˧ kaːw˧˧ ʂʊw˧˧]

[ʔɓaːw˧˧ kaːw˧˧ sʊw˧˧]

[ʔɓaːw˧˧ kaːw˧˧ ʂʊw˧˧]

[ʔɓaːw˧˧ kaːw˧˧ sʊw˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-bao cao su.wav


lẹo

mụt (classifier)
hột (classifier)
瞭 (CJK)


âm vật

[ʔəm˧˧ vət̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔəm˧˧ vək̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔəm˧˧ vək̚˨˩˨]

[ʔəm˧˧ jək̚˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-âm vật.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 陰物, composed of 陰 (“yin”) and 物 (“thing”).


huyết

Sino-Vietnamese word from 血 (“blood”).
For a parallel where a Sino-Vietnamese item acquires cookery denotation, see bì (“skin as food”) (vs. native da (“skin”)). For a reverse case, compare Sino-Vietnamese não vs. native óc.

Bún riêu thì phải có huyết.

Bún riêu is supposed to have blood curd (in it).

(only in compounds, rare, chiefly medicine) blood


nhượng

(anatomy, rare) the joints of the knee or heel


phổi

From Proto-Vietic *p-soːs (“lungs”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer. In the more innovative Vietic languages, *-s- debuccalized into *-h-, then developed regularly to the current Vietnamese form. In this particular case, this *-s- > *-h- shift might also have been influenced by sound symbolism. Cognate with Tho [Cuối Chăm] pʰɔːl⁵, Thavung pasuh¹, Pacoh xóh, Bahnar dơsoh, Mon ကသံ (kəsɔˀ).
Medial *-s- has the tendency to debuccalize among Austroasiatic languages, compare Proto-Katuic *psaj, *phaj (“otter”) (cognate with Proto-Vietic *p-seːʔ), where conservative *-s- and innovative *-h- can both be reconstructed; the other Austroasiatic languages have innovative *-h-, e.g. Khmer ភេ (phei). Compare also Proto-Katuic *ksaj (“moon”) vs. Proto-Bahnaric *khaj (“moon”), Khmer ខែ (khae), Proto-Vietic *saːmʔ (“eight”) vs. Proto-Bahnaric *t(n)haːm (“eight”).
Unrelated genetically to Chinese 肺 (OC *pʰo[t]-s) (B-S) (SV: phế), although there might had been contamination.


đơn

(medicine) a condition producing skin rashes, normally indicating hives


cơ

co cơ


đao

Borrowed from English Down, from the name of John Langdon Down.


lộc

Sino-Vietnamese word from 鹿 (“deer”). Its usage in Vietnamese most likely started as a short form of 鹿茸 (lộc nhung, “velvet antler”), then shifted to "bud".
Not related to the etymology above. Nevertheless, due to homophony with etymology 1, it gained cultural significance as a symbol for prosperity.

[ləwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ləwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ləwk͡p̚˨˩˨]

lộc nai

(alternative medicine, uncommon) velvet antler


vây

cái (classifier)
𩻟 (CJK)
𩻺 (CJK)
𩼀 (CJK)
𬵎 (CJK)

From Middle Vietnamese ꞗâi, from Proto-Vietic *c-piːl. Compare Maleng sơpi, O'du kpil ("fin").


ức

A thousand myriads multiplied by 10 myriads is one trillon.

萬萬億爲一兆


châm cứu

[t͡ɕəm˧˧ kiw˧˦]

[t͡ɕəm˧˧ kɨw˨˩˦]

[cəm˧˧ kɨw˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 針灸, composed of 針 (“needle”) and 灸 (“moxibustion”).


viêm

viêm họng


y học

[ʔi˧˧ hawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɪj˧˧ hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɪj˧˧ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 醫學, composed of 醫 (“medicine”) and 學 (“study”), Japanese 医学 (igaku), Middle Chinese 醫學.


rốn

cái (classifier)
𦜞 (CJK)
𦠆 (CJK)
𦡋 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *p-suːɲʔ. Cognate with Muong Bi thủnh.

(Northern Vietnam, anatomy) a navel; a belly button

đún

no lenition, no vowel lowering, irregular onset


núm vú

[num˦˧˥ vʊw˨˩˦]

[nʊm˦˥ vʊw˦˥]

[nʊm˦˥ jʊw˦˥]

núm vú giả


tuyến

Sino-Vietnamese word from 腺, from Japanese 腺 (sen).

Audio (Hà Nội)


phấn

vi-noun

(classifier cục / viên / hòn (“chalk”)) phấn

cục (classifier)
viên (classifier)
hòn (classifier)

đánh phấn


cốt

From etymology above, as seen in the expression ‘[có] căn cốt đồng’ “[to have] the essence / inner quality to be a medium”.

bà cốt

ông cốt

𨔍(Lạ)之(gì)󰜋(một)骨(cốt)󰜋(một)同(đồng)初(xưa)󰅒(nay)

1820, Nguyễn Du (阮攸), Truyện Kiều (傳翹) [The Tale of Kieu], Liễu Văn Ðường edition, published 1866, line 1162:

Little wonder that the witch and the medium have been working hand in glove with each other!


tắm

Cognate with Muong Bi thẳm, Khasi sum, Muak Sa-aak sum³. The Austroasiatic root for which these words descended from contains a varieties of forms that are difficult to interpret and connect, see the entry of Pacoh houm for more.

vòi tắm

tắm (cho) chó/con

to give your dog/child a bath or a shower

to wash a live body, usually your own; to bathe, to shower, etc.

tắm nắng

tắm bùn

tắm biển

(by extension) to bathe in something, watery or not


phân

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 糞 (SV: phẩn).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">phẩn</i>

vi-etym-sino

cục phân

đống phân

(formal or euphemistic) stool; faeces; excrement


phị

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 肥 (“fat”, SV: phì).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">phì</i>


ngà

cái (classifier)
牙 (CJK)
𤘋 (CJK)
𬌘 (CJK)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 牙 (SV: nha). From Middle Chinese 牙 (MC ngae).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">nha</i>


áp

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-áp.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 壓. Compare ép, ẹp.

(medicine) Short for huyết áp (“blood pressure”).


tinh dịch

[tïŋ˧˧ zïk̟̚˧˨ʔ]

[tɨn˧˧ jɨt̚˨˩ʔ]

[tɨn˧˧ jɨt̚˨˩˨]


bác sĩ

[ʔɓaːk̚˧˦ si˦ˀ˥]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˧˥ ʂɪj˧˨]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˧˥ sɪj˧˨]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˥ ʂɪj˨˩˦]

[ʔɓaːk̚˦˥ sɪj˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 博士, composed of 博 (“wide; vast; broad”) and 士 (“-ist”), from Japanese 博士 (hakushi, “doctor”, person who has attained a doctorate), earlier 博士 (hakase, “Japanese court academician”), from Middle Chinese 博士 (pwɑk̚ d͡ʒɨ^X, “Chinese court academician”). Also probably by analogy with European languages, such as English doctor, French docteur (“Ph.D.; M.D.; physician”).

cog

chữ bác sĩ


sữa đặc

[sɨə˦ˀ˥ ʔɗak̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʂɨə˧˨ ʔɗak̚˨˩ʔ]

[sɨə˧˨ ʔɗak̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʂɨə˨˩˦ ʔɗak̚˨˩˨]

[sɨə˨˩˦ ʔɗak̚˨˩˨]


thuốc bổ

[tʰuək̚˧˦ ʔɓo˧˩]

[tʰuək̚˦˧˥ ʔɓow˧˨]

[tʰuək̚˦˥ ʔɓow˨˩˦]


đái tháo đường

head

đái tháo đường

vi-noun

đái tháo đường

[ʔɗaːj˧˦ tʰaːw˧˦ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˦ tʰaːw˨˩˦ ʔɗɨəŋ˦˩]

[ʔɗaːj˦˥ tʰaːw˦˥ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩]

đái (“to pee, to piss”) + tháo (“to excrete from the body in large quantities”) + đường (“sugar”).


sáp

From Proto-Vietic *k-raːp (“wax”), probably from Old Chinese 蠟 (OC *k.rˤap) (B-S) (SV: lạp). However, as the Chinese word was not attested until the 2nd to 3rd century CE, the loan direction could be from Proto-Vietic into Old Chinese instead. In that case, the Proto-Vietic could be from another Sino-Tibetan source; compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-krjap (“bug; ant; insect (lac); cochineal”), whence Burmese ချိပ် (hkyip, “lac”), Proto-Loloish *C-gripᴸ (“lac; pine”), Jingpho krep (“bedbug”).


suyễn

[ʂ⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩˦]

[s⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 喘 (“to pant, to gasp”). Like hen (“asthma; to cough”), this word was originally a verb.


bệnh

→ Tai Dam: ꪹꪛꪸ꫁ꪉ


phụ khoa

[fʊw˨˩ʔ kʰwaː˧˧]

[fʊw˨˩ʔ xwaː˧˧]

[fʊw˨˩˨ kʰwaː˧˧]

[fʊw˨˩˨ xwaː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 婦科, composed of 婦 (“woman”) and 科 (“medical branch”).

bệnh phụ khoa

a disease or condition in women related to genitals or the reproductive system


nhiệt

(alternative medicine) having "hot" qi in your body which makes you susceptible to acne, etc.


lệ

Sino-Vietnamese word from 淚. Compare luỵ.

giọt lệ

♂: Lệ hoen ướt khóe mi cay.
Trong lòng anh vẫn luôn chung tình,
Chờ ngày mai, ánh nắng lên xua tan băng giá.

♂: Tears wetted the hot corners of my lids.
I've always remained fully devoted,
Waiting for tomorrow, when sunshine will thaw out this frosty ice.

♂: Giờ chia li, em quay đi, che giấu bờ mi lệ rơi.
Ta xa nhau, mong đến một ngày gặp lại.
Giờ chia li, anh xa em, nhưng sẽ nhớ em người ơi !
Trái tim anh, trái tim em không rời xa !

(Can we date this quote?), Nguyễn Văn Chung (lyrics and music), “Mùa đông không lạnh [Winter Doesn't Seem Cold]”:

♂: When we said goodbye, you turned away, hiding your tears.
We're apart, longing for the day we reunite.
After we said goodbye, I'm far away from you, but I won't forget you!
Our hearts will never be apart!

♂: Rồi ngày vui qua đi, đường dài chia li, lệ vương trên mi.
Giờ thì em đâu vui chi, giờ thì mình anh suy nghĩ.
Anh biết rồi ngày lại đến, ngày lặng lẽ đôi bên.
Anh biết tình mình đã hết và anh sẽ không quên.

(Can we date this quote?), Nguyễn Hải Phong (lyrics and music), “Đôi mắt [Your Eyes]”:

♂: And so the happy days passed, we're on separate paths, tears linger in your eyes.
Now you're no longer happy, now I'm alone with my thoughts.
I knew the day would come, the day we stopped talking.
I knew our love would end and I would never forget it.

(literary) tears (drop of clear salty liquid from the eyes)


nhi khoa

[ɲi˧˧ xwaː˧˧]

[ɲɪj˧˧ kʰwaː˧˧]

[ɲɪj˧˧ xwaː˧˧]

[ɲɪj˧˧ kʰwaː˧˧]

[ɲɪj˧˧ xwaː˧˧]


nàng tiên

[naːŋ˨˩ tiən˧˧]

[naːŋ˦˩ tiəŋ˧˧]

[naːŋ˨˩ tiəŋ˧˧]

(mythology) a young-looking female fairy


nhân trung

[ɲən˧˧ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ɲəŋ˧˧ ʈʊwŋ͡m˧˧]


gõ

From Proto-Mon-Khmer *g(uə)h (“to knock”); cognates with Khmer គោះ (kŭəh) and Chrau gŏh.


tinh hoàn

[tïŋ˧˧ hwaːn˨˩]

[tɨn˧˧ hwaːŋ˦˩]

[tɨn˧˧ waːŋ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 精 (“semen”) and 丸 (“ball”).


sốc

[ʂəwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[səwk͡p̚˦˧˥]


thận

chạy thận nhân tạo

to run an "artificial kidney"; to go/be on dialysis


trán

vi-noun

(classifier cái, vầng) trán • (𩈪, 𣌔, 𣌛, 𩑰)

cái (classifier)
vầng (classifier)
𩈪 (CJK)
𣌔 (CJK)
𣌛 (CJK)
𩑰 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *k-laːɲʔ, from Proto-Austroasiatic *[k]liəɲʔ.


đau

Cognate with Muong tau and Thavung ตู. See also nau (“pain, birth pangs”), related through an infixed form.


dinh dưỡng

[zïŋ˧˧ zɨəŋ˦ˀ˥]

[jɨn˧˧ jɨəŋ˧˨]

[jɨn˧˧ jɨəŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 營養, from Japanese 営養 (eiyō).

chất dinh dưỡng


ruột già

[zuət̚˧˨ʔ zaː˨˩]

[ʐuək̚˨˩ʔ jaː˦˩]

[ɹuək̚˨˩˨ jaː˨˩]

From ruột (“intestine”) + già (“old”), so called due to its rugosity.


béo phì

[ʔɓɛw˧˦ fi˨˩]

[ʔɓɛw˨˩˦ fɪj˦˩]

[ʔɓɛw˦˥ fɪj˨˩]

From béo (“fat”) + phì (肥) (“fat”), probable calque of Chinese 肥胖 (phì bạng).


bệnh viện

[ʔɓəjŋ̟˧˨ʔ viən˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓen˨˩ʔ viəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓəːn˨˩˨ viəŋ˨˩˨]

[ʔɓəːn˨˩˨ jiəŋ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 病院, composed of 病 (“illness”) and 院 (“institute”).


thân thể

[tʰən˧˧ tʰe˧˩]

[tʰəŋ˧˧ tʰej˧˨]

[tʰəŋ˧˧ tʰej˨˩˦]


sức khoẻ

[sɨk̚˧˦ xwɛ˧˩]

[ʂɨk̚˦˧˥ kʰwɛ˧˨]

[sɨk̚˦˧˥ xwɛ˧˨]

[ʂɨk̚˦˥ kʰwɛ˨˩˦]

[sɨk̚˦˥ xwɛ˨˩˦]

sức (“force, strength”) + khoẻ (“strong, healthy”).


đạm

Sino-Vietnamese word from 氮 (“nitrogen”).


vệ sinh

[ve˧˨ʔ sïŋ˧˧]

[vej˨˩ʔ ʂɨn˧˧]

[vej˨˩˨ ʂɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 衛生, composed of 衛 (“to guard”) and 生 (“life”), Japanese 衛生 (eisei).

hợp vệ sinh
hygienic

mất vệ sinh
unhygienic

đi vệ sinh

nhà vệ sinh


xi-lanh

[sɪj˧˧ lɛɲ˧˧]


tuyến lệ

[twiəŋ˦˧˥ lej˨˩ʔ]

[t⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˦˥ lej˨˩˨]

(anatomy) a lacrimal gland; a tear gland


màng trinh

[maːŋ˨˩ t͡ɕïŋ˧˧]

[maːŋ˦˩ ʈɨn˧˧]

[maːŋ˨˩ ʈɨn˧˧]


mề đay

[me˨˩ ʔɗaj˧˧]


gỉ

gỉ mắt
eye boogers

gỉ mũi


cước

(medicine, pathology) affected by a frostbite


ngón cái

[ŋɔn˧˦ kaːj˧˦]

[ŋɔŋ˦˧˥ kaːj˨˩˦]

[ŋɔŋ˦˥ kaːj˦˥]


ngón út

[ŋɔn˧˦ ʔut̚˧˦]

[ŋɔŋ˦˧˥ ʔʊk̚˦˧˥]

[ŋɔŋ˦˥ ʔʊk͡p̚˦˥]

(anatomy) a little finger or a little toe


ngón trỏ

[ŋɔn˧˦ t͡ɕɔ˧˩]

[ŋɔŋ˦˧˥ ʈɔ˧˨]

[ŋɔŋ˦˥ ʈɔ˨˩˦]

(anatomy) an index finger or an index toe


ngón giữa

[ŋɔn˧˦ zɨə˦ˀ˥]

[ŋɔŋ˦˧˥ jɨə˧˨]

[ŋɔŋ˦˥ jɨə˨˩˦]

(anatomy) a middle finger or a middle toe


ngón áp út

[ŋɔn˧˦ ʔaːp̚˧˦ ʔut̚˧˦]

[ŋɔŋ˦˧˥ ʔaːp̚˦˧˥ ʔʊk̚˦˧˥]

[ŋɔŋ˦˥ ʔaːp̚˦˥ ʔʊk͡p̚˦˥]

ngón (“digit”) + áp (“to press or rest on”) + út (“youngest”, from ngón út (“pinky”)).


gáy

From Middle Vietnamese gấy, from Proto-Vietic *t-giːʔ; cognate with Sách təki:⁴.


lâm sàng

[ləm˧˧ saːŋ˨˩]

[ləm˧˧ ʂaːŋ˦˩]

[ləm˧˧ saːŋ˦˩]

[ləm˧˧ ʂaːŋ˨˩]

[ləm˧˧ saːŋ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 臨床, composed of 臨 (“to attend”) and 床 (“bed”).


đọ mắt

[ʔɗɔ˧˨ʔ mat̚˧˦]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩ʔ mak̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗɔ˨˩˨ mak̚˦˥]

đọ (“to compete, contend, contest”) + mắt


ung thư

[ʔʊwŋ͡m˧˧ tʰɨ˧˧]

[ʔʊwŋ͡m˧˧ tʰɨ˧˧]

[ʔʊwŋ͡m˧˧ tʰɨ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 癰疽 (“skin abscess, ulcer”).


hôn mê

(obsolete) retarded; mentally challenged


âm đạo

[ʔəm˧˧ ʔɗaːw˧˨ʔ]

[ʔəm˧˧ ʔɗaːw˨˩ʔ]

[ʔəm˧˧ ʔɗaːw˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-âm đạo.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 陰道, composed of 陰 (“yin”) and 道 (“passage”).


âm hộ

[ʔəm˧˧ ho˧˨ʔ]

[ʔəm˧˧ how˨˩ʔ]

[ʔəm˧˧ how˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 陰戶, composed of 陰 (“yin”) and 戶 (“doorway”).


hậu môn

[həw˨˩ʔ moŋ˧˧]

[həw˨˩˨ moŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 後門, composed of 後 (“back”) and 門 (“gate”).


di căn

[jɪj˧˧ kaŋ˧˧]

[jɪj˧˧ kaŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 移 (“to move”) and 根 (“root”).


bị Tào Tháo đuổi

[ʔɓi˧˨ʔ taːw˨˩ tʰaːw˧˦ ʔɗuəj˧˩]

[ʔɓɪj˨˩ʔ taːw˦˩ tʰaːw˨˩˦ ʔɗuj˧˨]

[ʔɓɪj˨˩˨ taːw˨˩ tʰaːw˦˥ ʔɗuj˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-bị Tào Tháo đuổi.wav

(figurative, humorous) to rush to the toilet due to diarrhea; to literally run because of the runs


đầu độc

[ʔɗəw˨˩ ʔɗəwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗəw˦˩ ʔɗəwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗəw˨˩ ʔɗəwk͡p̚˨˩˨]


bệnh lí học

[ʔɓəjŋ̟˧˨ʔ li˧˦ hawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓen˨˩ʔ lɪj˨˩˦ hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓəːn˨˩˨ lɪj˦˥ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨]


bướu cổ

[ʔɓiəw˧˦ ko˧˩]

[ʔɓɨəw˨˩˦ kow˧˨]

[ʔɓɨəw˦˥ kow˨˩˦]


bướm

head

𧊉, 𠰏, 𧒅, 蝶, 乏

<i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">phonemic reduplicative</i>

vi-noun

𧊉, 𠰏, 𧒅, 蝶, 乏

(classifier con) bướm • (𧊉, 𠰏, 𧒅, 蝶, 乏) (phonemic reduplicative bươm bướm)

con (classifier)
𧊉 (CJK)
𠰏 (CJK)
𧒅 (CJK)
蝶 (CJK)
乏 (CJK)
bươm bướm (reduplication)

From Proto-Vietic *paːmʔ. Cognates including Proto-Pong *paːm³, Thổ pəmpɨam³, Hoà Bình Muong pɨəm¹ pɨəm³, Sơn La Muong pɨəm³, Thanh Hoá Muong bɨəm³, Muong Bi pươm pưởm.
Compare also Khmu [Cuang] tlaːmpaːm.


bả

cog

Thai เบื่อ (bʉ̀ʉa)

a type of poison used to kill some kinds of animal


gội

From Proto-Vietic *c-goːlʔ. Cognate with Muong cổl.

gội đầu

tắm gội

to wash oneself thoroughly (literally, “to wash both one's body and hair”)


say sóng

[ʂaj˧˧ ʂawŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[saj˧˧ sɔŋ˦˧˥]

[ʂa(ː)j˧˧ ʂawŋ͡m˦˥]


say xe

[ʂaj˧˧ sɛ˧˧]

[ʂa(ː)j˧˧ sɛ˧˧]

From say (“to get drunk”) + xe (“wheeled-vehicle”). Compare Japanese 車酔い (literally “car drunkenness”).


dược học

[zɨək̚˧˨ʔ hawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[jɨək̚˨˩ʔ hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[jɨək̚˨˩˨ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨]


giải phẫu học

[zaːj˧˩ fəw˦ˀ˥ hawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[jaːj˨˩˦ fəw˨˩˦ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨]


sinh lí học

[sïŋ˧˧ li˧˦ hawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʂɨn˧˧ lɪj˨˩˦ hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[sɨn˧˧ lɪj˨˩˦ hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʂɨn˧˧ lɪj˦˥ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨]

[sɨn˧˧ lɪj˦˥ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨]


dược lí học

[zɨək̚˧˨ʔ li˧˦ hawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[jɨək̚˨˩ʔ lɪj˨˩˦ hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[jɨək̚˨˩˨ lɪj˦˥ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨]


nha khoa

[ɲaː˧˧ xwaː˧˧]

[ɲaː˧˧ kʰwaː˧˧]

[ɲaː˧˧ xwaː˧˧]

[ɲaː˧˧ kʰwaː˧˧]

[ɲaː˧˧ xwaː˧˧]


dạ dày

From dạ (“internal organs, stomach”) + dày (“thick”).

com

Con đường ngắn nhất đến trái tim người đàn ông là đi qua dạ dày.

The shortest way to a man's heart is through his stomach.


trốc

head

祿, 築, 𫠼, 𩠸, 𬳕

vi-noun

祿, 築, 𫠼, 𩠸, 𬳕

cái (classifier)
祿 (CJK)
築 (CJK)
𫠼 (CJK)
𩠸 (CJK)
𬳕 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *k-loːk. Cognate with Muong tlốc.
The distribution of this word seems to be from southern Thanh Hoá, throughout the four North Central provinces south of Thanh Hoá, and some rural dialects of Thừa Thiên Huế.
Displaced by đầu in most major dialects.

[t͡ɕəwk͡p̚˧˦]

[ʈəwk͡p̚˦˧˥]


vòi

cái (classifier)
𦞑 (CJK)
𦟷 (CJK)
𦠽 (CJK)

From Middle Vietnamese uòi (“trunk”), from Proto-Vietic *vɔːj. Related to voi (“elephant”).

Con vỏi con voi, / Cái vòi đi trước,[…]

1971, Nguyễn Tấn Long, Phan Canh, Thi Ca Bình Dân Việt Nam, volumes 4 – Sinh Hoạt Thi Ca, NXB Sống Mới, page 364:

Elephant, elephant, / Its trunk comes first, […]

(anatomy, of an elephant or a tapir) a trunk

vòi muỗi

(anatomy, by extension) any tube-like organ


kiết lị

[kiət̚˧˦ li˧˨ʔ]

[kiək̚˦˧˥ lɪj˨˩ʔ]

[kiək̚˦˥ lɪj˨˩˨]

kiết (“dysentery”) + lị (“dysentery”). For another similarly structured compound denoting a sickness, compare hen suyễn (“asthma”).


đồi mồi

head

đồi mồi • (玳瑁)

vi-noun

đồi mồi • (玳瑁)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 玳瑁 (SV: đại mội). Compare Mandarin 玳瑁 (dàimào, đại mạo / dàimèi, đại mội), Cantonese 玳瑁 (doi⁶ mui⁶, đại mội), Japanese 玳瑁 (taimai, đại mội), Korean 대모 (daemo, from Chinese 玳瑁 (đại mạo)). Compare also loài and loại, vì and vị, mùi and vị, từ and tự, ngoài and ngoại.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">đại mội</i>

cog

from Chinese <i class="Hani mention" lang="zh">玳瑁</i> (đại mạo)


chớp

[t͡ɕəːp̚˦˧˥]

From Proto-Vietic *k-ɟəːp or *k-cəːp (“lightning”).


võng mạc

[vawŋ͡m˦ˀ˥ maːk̚˧˨ʔ]

[vawŋ͡m˧˨ maːk̚˨˩ʔ]

[vɔŋ˧˨ maːk̚˨˩ʔ]

[vawŋ͡m˨˩˦ maːk̚˨˩˨]

[jawŋ͡m˨˩˦ maːk̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 網膜, composed of 網 (“net”) and 膜 (“membrane”).


cơn

(physiology, psychology) Indicates some types of negative physiological/psychological condition, such as pain, anger, etc.: sudden attack; bout


căn

(pathology) indicates diseases, illnesses


bao tử

[ʔɓaːw˧˧ tɨ˧˩]

[ʔɓaːw˧˧ tɨ˧˨]

[ʔɓaːw˧˧ tɨ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 包子, composed of 包 (“to wrap”) and 子 (“noun suffix”).

Ăn chậm nhai kĩ kẻo đau bao tử.

Take slow and thorough bites, or else you'll get a stomachache.

Nhưng nếu bạn vẫn chưa quen thêm gia vị cay vào thức ăn, thì cũng đừng nên thử nó, vì bao tử của bạn không chịu được chất cay nóng của những gia vị này, sẽ khiến tình trạng bệnh bao tử của bạn càng tồi tệ hơn.

2017, “9 loại thực phẩm người bệnh đau bao tử nên tránh”, in VOH Online:

But if you are not used to spicy food, then do not try it, because your stomach cannot tolerate the spices and it will make your stomach disease even worse.

(anatomy, Central Vietnam and Southern Vietnam) stomach


cảnh

động mạch cảnh


móng

vi-noun

(classifier cái, chiếc) móng • (𧅭, 𤔻, 𤔾, 𤔽)

cái (classifier)
chiếc (classifier)
𧅭 (CJK)
𤔻 (CJK)
𤔾 (CJK)
𤔽 (CJK)

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-móng.wav

From Proto-Vietic *-mɔːŋʔ (“nail; hoof; claw”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁m(uə)ŋʔ (“nail; claw”). Cognate with Muong mỏng, Khmu tmʰmɔːŋ.

inh

vi:Móng (công trình xây dựng)
vi:Móng (địa chất)
vi:Móng (động vật)

móng ngựa

vành móng ngựa

a platform with a fence that curves like a horseshoe in a courtroom, where the defendant is supposed to stand

(anatomy, of a non-primate animal) a claw, talon or hoof


lúm đồng tiền

[lum˧˦ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ tiən˨˩]

[lum˦˧˥ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ tiəŋ˦˩]

[lʊm˦˥ ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ tiəŋ˨˩]

má lúm đồng tiền


răng khôn

[ʐaŋ˧˧ kʰoŋ˧˧]

[ʐaŋ˧˧ xoŋ˧˧]

[ɹaŋ˧˧ kʰoŋ˧˧]

[ɹaŋ˧˧ xoŋ˧˧]

răng (“tooth”) + khôn (“clever; smart”).


răng nanh

vi-noun

(classifier cái, chiếc) răng nanh • (𪘵𤘓)

cái (classifier)
chiếc (classifier)
𪘵𤘓 (CJK)

[zaŋ˧˧ najŋ̟˧˧]

[ʐaŋ˧˧ nɛɲ˧˧]

[ɹaŋ˧˧ nan˧˧]


tăm

cây (classifier)
que (classifier)
杺 (CJK)
籖 (CJK)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 籤 (SV: thiêm). Compare xăm, thăm.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">thiêm</i>


kem dâu

[kɛm˧˧ zəw˧˧]

[kɛm˧˧ jəw˧˧]

[kɛm˧˧ jəw˧˧]


ỉa đùn

[ʔiə˧˩ ʔɗun˨˩]

[ʔiə˧˨ ʔɗun˦˩]

[ʔiə˨˩˦ ʔɗʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-ỉa đùn.wav


y tá

[ʔi˧˧ taː˧˦]

[ʔɪj˧˧ taː˨˩˦]

[ʔɪj˧˧ taː˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 醫佐, composed of 醫 (“medicine; doctor; physician”) and 佐 (“to help; to assist”).

điều dưỡng viên
điều dưỡng viên#Vietnamese

(dated or informal) Synonym of điều dưỡng viên (“nurse”) (person trained to provide care for the sick)


dược

Sino-Vietnamese word from 藥 (“medication; drug”).

Nó học (ngành) dược.

Khoa Dược


ỉa

head

ỉa • (依, 𥺿, 𦟑)

vi-verb

ỉa • (依, 𥺿, 𦟑)

From Proto-Vietic *ʔɛh (“to defecate; faeces”). Compare Pacoh éh.
The Northern Middle Vietnamese yả is attested in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).

inh

(Northern Vietnam, Southern Vietnam, informal) to (take a) shit


guốc

vi-noun

(classifier cái, chiếc) guốc • (踘, 椈, 梮, 槶)

cái (classifier)
chiếc (classifier)
踘 (CJK)
椈 (CJK)
梮 (CJK)
槶 (CJK)

From Middle Vietnamese guóc, a non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 屐 (SV: kịch).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">kịch</i>


lỗ trôn

[lo˦ˀ˥ t͡ɕon˧˧]

[low˧˨ ʈoŋ˧˧]

[low˨˩˦ ʈoŋ˧˧]


cơ địa

[kəː˧˧ ʔɗiə˧˨ʔ]

[kəː˧˧ ʔɗiə˨˩ʔ]

[kəː˧˧ ʔɗiə˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 基地, from Japanese 基地 (kichi, “base”).

Cơ địa mỗi người mỗi khác.

Constitution differs from person to person.


lược

cây (classifier)
cái (classifier)
𥳂 (CJK)

Attested as blựơc in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).

a comb (toothed implement for grooming the hair)


mỏ

From Proto-Vietic *k-ɓɔh (“beak”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɟɓuəh ~ *ɟɓuuʔ; cognate with Thavung abɔh¹, Khmer ចំពុះ (cɑmpuh), Pacoh tarbóh.

thú mỏ vịt

(anatomy, of a bird or a platypus) beak; bill


lỗ đít

[lo˦ˀ˥ ʔɗit̚˧˦]

[low˧˨ ʔɗit̚˦˧˥]

[low˨˩˦ ʔɗɨt̚˦˥]


sỏi thận

[sɔj˧˩ tʰən˧˨ʔ]

[ʂɔj˧˨ tʰəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[sɔj˧˨ tʰəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[ʂɔj˨˩˦ tʰəŋ˨˩˨]

[sɔj˨˩˦ tʰəŋ˨˩˨]


mái ngố

[maːj˧˦ ŋo˧˦]

[maːj˨˩˦ ŋow˨˩˦]


trường hợp

[t͡ɕɨəŋ˨˩ həːp̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʈɨəŋ˦˩ həːp̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʈɨəŋ˨˩ həːp̚˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-trường hợp.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 場合, orthographic borrowing from Japanese 場合 (baai).

obor

2 ca/trường hợp tử vong


bàng quang

[ʔɓaːŋ˨˩ kwaːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓaːŋ˦˩ kwaːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓaːŋ˨˩ waːŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-bàng quang.wav


ót

(Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam, anatomy) nape


da gà

[zaː˧˧ ɣaː˨˩]

[jaː˧˧ ɣaː˦˩]

[jaː˧˧ ɣaː˨˩]

da (“skin”) + gà (“chicken”), so called due to the feather-free-chicken-skin-like appearance.

nổi da gà


cơ quan

[kəː˧˧ kwaːn˧˧]

[kəː˧˧ kwaːŋ˧˧]

[kəː˧˧ waːŋ˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-cơ quan.wav

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-cơ quan.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 機關.
The modern senses are from Japanese 機関 (kikan), while the obsolete sense of "mechanics, mechanism" is directly from Middle Chinese 機關 (kɨi kˠuan).


tuỷ sống

[twɪj˧˨ ʂəwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[twɪj˧˨ səwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[t⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ ʂəwŋ͡m˦˥]

[t⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ səwŋ͡m˦˥]


xương sống

[sɨəŋ˧˧ səwŋ͡m˧˦]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʂəwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ səwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʂəwŋ͡m˦˥]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ səwŋ͡m˦˥]


bạch huyết

[ʔɓajk̟̚˧˨ʔ hwiət̚˧˦]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩ʔ hwiək̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩˨ wiək̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 白血 (“white blood”).


thần kinh

[tʰən˨˩ kïŋ˧˧]

[tʰəŋ˦˩ kɨn˧˧]

[tʰəŋ˨˩ kɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 神經, composed of 神 (“divine; spiritual; mental”) and 經 (“scripture; qi meridian/channel/vessel”), from Japanese 神経 (shinkei, “nerve”, noun), used as a calque of Dutch zenuw. In traditional Chinese medicine, the meridian system circulates qi, and "divine qi" is the specific qi that governs the mind. Earlier attestations in Literary Chinese, particularly in the 後漢書·方術傳序 (“Book of the Later Han: Preface to the Legend of Magic”), were unrelated and literally meant "divine/sacred scripture".

dây thần kinh


ngươi

From Proto-Vietic *-ŋaːj, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *[]ŋaaj; cognate with Bahnar ngai (“pupil”) and Shwe Palaung ငါည် (“face”).
From the same root as người (“human being”) and thus also the etymology above; compare English pupil, Japanese 瞳 (hitomi, “pupil”) and 人 (hito, “person, human”), Thao thau (“person, pupil”), Tagalog tao (“human, person”) and balintataw (“pupil”), Persian مردم (mardom, “people, pupil”).

pupil (the hole in the middle of the iris of the eye)


ống quyển

[ʔəwŋ͡m˧˦ kwiən˧˩]

[ʔəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ kwiəŋ˧˨]

[ʔəwŋ͡m˦˥ wiəŋ˨˩˦]


mi mắt

[mɪj˧˧ mak̚˦˧˥]


kiết

kiết bạch

dysentery with diarrhoea that becomes white with mucus


bàn chải

[ʔɓaːn˨˩ t͡ɕaːj˧˩]

[ʔɓaːŋ˦˩ t͡ɕaːj˧˨]

[ʔɓaːŋ˨˩ caːj˨˩˦]

bàn (“a flat object”) + chải (“to brush”).

com

bàn chải (đánh răng)

a handheld brush for cleaning, especially a toothbrush


chất xám

[t͡ɕət̚˧˦ saːm˧˦]

[t͡ɕək̚˦˧˥ saːm˦˧˥]

[cək̚˦˥ saːm˦˥]


mẫn cảm

[mən˦ˀ˥ kaːm˧˩]

[məŋ˧˨ kaːm˧˨]

[məŋ˨˩˦ kaːm˨˩˦]

Không dùng nếu mẫn cảm với các thành phần của thuốc.

Do not use if sensitive to the drug's ingredients.

(chiefly pathology, pharmacology) sensitive


triệu chứng

[t͡ɕiəw˧˨ʔ t͡ɕɨŋ˧˦]

[ʈiw˨˩ʔ t͡ɕɨŋ˦˧˥]

[ʈiw˨˩˨ cɨŋ˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 兆 (“omen; sign”) and 症 (“disease indication”). See also hội chứng (“syndrome”).

vi-etym-sino

vi:Triệu chứng cơ năng
vi:Triệu chứng thực thể

triệu chứng thực thể

triệu chứng cơ năng


thanh môn

[tʰɛɲ˧˧ moŋ˧˧]


kinh nguyệt

[kïŋ˧˧ ŋwiət̚˧˨ʔ]

[kɨn˧˧ ŋwiək̚˨˩ʔ]

[kɨn˧˧ ŋwiək̚˨˩˨]

Partial calque of Chinese 月經／月经 (nguyệt kinh, literally “monthly meridian”) by reversing the position of the head element, kinh, to conform to native morphology. Compare thần kinh (literally “spiritual meridian”). This reversal accidentally makes this term homophonous with the reading of the rare Chinese 經月／经月 (kinh nguyệt, “a month”) and its derivation Japanese 経月 (keigetsu). Compare Japanese 月経 (gekkei).


cẳng

From Proto-Vietic *kaŋh (“leg, foot”), from a Sino-Tibetan language. Compare Proto-Karen *khaŋᴮ (“foot; leg”) (whence S'gaw Karen ခီၣ် (khaẁ)), Tibetan རྐང (rkang) (as in རྐང་པ (rkang pa), Western Tamang कङ् (kaŋ, “leg”).
Usually theorized as being from Old Chinese 脛 (OC *m-kʰˤeŋ-s) (B-S) (SV: hĩnh), derived from the same Sino-Tibetan root, but the vowel correspondences is irregular.

(chiefly Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam, colloquial) leg


tự kỉ

[tɨ˧˨ʔ ki˧˩]

[tɨ˨˩ʔ kɪj˧˨]

[tɨ˨˩˨ kɪj˨˩˦]

bệnh tự kỉ


hội chứng

[hoj˧˨ʔ t͡ɕɨŋ˧˦]

[hoj˨˩ʔ t͡ɕɨŋ˦˧˥]

[hoj˨˩˨ cɨŋ˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 會 (“gathering”) and 症 (“condition”), as in a "grouping of symptoms". See also triệu chứng (“symptom”).

vi-etym-sino

hội chứng suy giảm miễn dịch mắc phải


nhung

(of a deer, chiefly in the contexts of alternative medicine) young antlers


thái dương

[tʰaːj˧˦ zɨəŋ˧˧]

[tʰaːj˨˩˦ jɨəŋ˧˧]

[tʰaːj˦˥ jɨəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 太陽, composed of 太 (“great”) and 陽 (“yang”).
This short compound with the meaning "temple" is shared with many southern Sinitic lects, while other lects use different terms or a longer compound, cf. Mandarin 太陽穴／太阳穴.


mắt cá

[mak̚˦˧˥ kaː˨˩˦]

From mắt (“eye”) + cá (“fish”). The adjective is a semantic loan from English fisheye (adjective).

semantic loan

mắt cá chân


hoàn

Sino-Vietnamese word from 丸. Doublet of viên (“round”).


mõm

(of a non-human mammal) a snout or a muzzle


gây mê

[ɣəj˧˧ me˧˧]

[ɣəj˧˧ mej˧˧]

[ɣəj˧˧ mej˧˧]

(medicine, specifically) to apply general anesthesia


điều dưỡng

[ʔɗiəw˨˩ zɨəŋ˦ˀ˥]

[ʔɗiw˦˩ jɨəŋ˧˨]

[ʔɗiw˨˩ jɨəŋ˨˩˦]


phẫu thuật

[fəw˦ˀ˥ tʰwət̚˧˨ʔ]

[fəw˧˨ tʰwək̚˨˩ʔ]

[fəw˨˩˦ tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ək̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 剖術, composed of 剖 (“to dissect”) and 術 (“skill”).

vi-etym-sino

surgery (procedure involving major incisions; medical specialty)


điều dưỡng viên

[ʔɗiəw˨˩ zɨəŋ˦ˀ˥ viən˧˧]

[ʔɗiw˦˩ jɨəŋ˧˨ viəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗiw˨˩ jɨəŋ˨˩˦ viəŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗiw˨˩ jɨəŋ˨˩˦ jiəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 調養 (“nursing”) and 員 (“-er”).

a nurse (person trained to provide care for the sick)


chứng

chứng kém ăn

chứng táo bón

(medicine) a symptom; condition; indication


chải

From Proto-Vietic *caːs (“to comb”). Compare also Laven cas, Chrau saːs, Ngeq caːjh. Related to nải (“hand (of banana)”).

chải tóc

chải lông

Đừng quên chải răng mỗi ngày ít nhất hai lần.

Do not forget to brush your teeth at least twice a day.


đột quỵ

[ʔɗot̚˧˨ʔ kwi˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗok̚˨˩ʔ kwɪj˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗok̚˨˩˨ wɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 突跪, composed of 突 (“suddenly”) and 跪 (“to drop down; to collapse”).

Nguy cơ này sẽ cao với những người gặp các vấn đề sau: Từng tắc nghẽn động mạch, huyết áp cao, mức cholesterol cao, từng bị đau tim hay đột quỵ, đau ngực, tiểu đường.

The risk is high for people with the following problems: previous history of arterial blockage, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, past history of heart attack or stroke, chest pain, and diabetes.


vảy

tấm (classifier)
miếng (classifier)
𩺩 (CJK)
𪨖 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *k-pas (“scale”). Compare Muong pách.

làm vảy/đánh vảy


huyết thanh

[hwiət̚˧˦ tʰajŋ̟˧˧]

[hwiək̚˦˧˥ tʰɛɲ˧˧]

serum (yellowish fluid obtained from blood)


nhức

nhức đầu


mụn

vi-noun

(classifier cục, nốt, hột, hạt) mụn • (𤺯, 𦝋, 𬛗)

cục (classifier)
nốt (classifier)
hột (classifier)
hạt (classifier)
𤺯 (CJK)
𦝋 (CJK)
𬛗 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *muːnʔ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *mun ~ *muunʔ ~ *muən, cognate with Bahnar mŭn, Khmer មុន (mun), [Nancowry] Central Nicobarese môn.

mụn trứng cá

mụn cóc

mụn nước


sườn

head

sườn • (𦘹, 𦠳)

vi-noun

sườn • (𦘹, 𦠳)

From Proto-Vietic *c-raːɲ ~ *b-raːɲ. Cognate with Muong Bi khàinh and Arem nraːɲ.
Compare also Proto-Austronesian *baʀaŋ, *tageʀaŋ (“rib”), Proto-Tai *k.raːŋꟲ (“side; ribs”).

Cho em sườn ạ.


nhắm

(shooting, archery) to aim, especially with one eye closed


huyết tương

[hwiət̚˧˦ tɨəŋ˧˧]

[hwiək̚˦˧˥ tɨəŋ˧˧]

[wiək̚˦˥ tɨəŋ˧˧]


nước miếng

[nɨək̚˧˦ miəŋ˧˦]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ miəŋ˦˧˥]

[nɨək̚˦˥ miəŋ˦˥]

From nước (“water”) + miệng (“mouth”). The nặng tone in miệng has become the sắc tone due to assimilation with nước. Cognate with Muong Bi đác mẽnh (“saliva”).
Compare Chinese 口水 (kǒushuǐ, literally “mouth water”).


thắt lưng

vi-noun

(classifier cái, chiếc (“belt”)) thắt lưng

[tʰat̚˧˦ lɨŋ˧˧]

[tʰak̚˦˧˥ lɨŋ˧˧]

[tʰak̚˦˥ lɨŋ˧˧]

đau (vùng) thắt lưng


hông

lắc hông


dái

hòn (classifier)
曳 (CJK)
𠰺 (CJK)
𢘽 (CJK)
𤲼 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *k-taːlʔ. Cognate with Arem atæːlˀ. Etymologically unrelated to the dái in dái tai (“ear lobe”).

hòn dái

(vulgar outside of anatomy) scrotum, scrote; testicle


phòng mạch

[fɔŋ˦˩ mat̚˨˩ʔ]


chóng mặt

[t͡ɕawŋ͡m˧˦ mat̚˧˨ʔ]

[t͡ɕawŋ͡m˦˧˥ mak̚˨˩ʔ]

[t͡ɕɔŋ˦˧˥ mak̚˨˩ʔ]


trúng gió

[t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˧˦ zɔ˧˦]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˦˧˥ jɔ˨˩˦]

[ʈʊwŋ͡m˦˥ jɔ˦˥]

trúng (“to get hit with”) + gió (“harmful wind”).

af

(alternative medicine) to have a fever after being exposed to gió (sense 2)


thuốc tây

[tʰuək̚˧˦ təj˧˧]

[tʰuək̚˦˧˥ təj˧˧]

[tʰuək̚˦˥ təj˧˧]

Nhớ ăn no trước khi uống thuốc tây kẻo đau bao tử.

Make sure to eat before you take those "western" meds, or else you'll get a stomachache.


viêm xoang

[vim˧˧ s⁽ʷ⁾aːŋ˧˧]

[jim˧˧ s⁽ʷ⁾aːŋ˧˧]


cao huyết áp

[kaːw˧˧ hwiət̚˧˦ ʔaːp̚˧˦]

[kaːw˧˧ hwiək̚˦˧˥ ʔaːp̚˦˧˥]

[kaːw˧˧ wiək̚˦˥ ʔaːp̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 高血壓, composed of 高 (“high”) and 血壓 (“blood pressure”).


rạ

From a Tai language. Compare Zhuang raq, Thai ห่า (hàa).
Might be interpreted as from the sense above due to internal folk etymology.

chết như rạ

(pathology, now chiefly in compounds or certain expressions) chicken pox


dược sĩ

[zɨək̚˧˨ʔ si˦ˀ˥]

[jɨək̚˨˩ʔ ʂɪj˧˨]

[jɨək̚˨˩ʔ sɪj˧˨]

[jɨək̚˨˩˨ ʂɪj˨˩˦]

[jɨək̚˨˩˨ sɪj˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 藥士, composed of 藥 (“medicine”) and 士 (“-ist”).


cúm

Likely Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 感 (SV: cảm).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">cảm</i>


ruột non

[zuət̚˧˨ʔ nɔn˧˧]

[ʐuək̚˨˩ʔ nɔŋ˧˧]

[ɹuək̚˨˩˨ nɔŋ˧˧]

From ruột (“intestine”) + non (“young and immature”), so called due to its smoothness.


tiểu đường

[tiəw˧˩ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩]

[tiw˧˨ ʔɗɨəŋ˦˩]

[tiw˨˩˦ ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩]

tiểu (“to urinate”) + đường (“sugar”), perhaps calque of Chinese 糖尿病 (tángniàobìng, literally “sugary urine disease”).


ruột thừa

[zuət̚˧˨ʔ tʰɨə˨˩]

[ʐuək̚˨˩ʔ tʰɨə˦˩]

[ɹuək̚˨˩˨ tʰɨə˨˩]

ruột (“intestine”) + thừa (“superfluous”).

com

vermiform appendix
vermiform appendix#English


nẹp

From an infixed form of a root that gave rise to kẹp.


chất béo

[t͡ɕət̚˧˦ ʔɓɛw˧˦]

[t͡ɕək̚˦˧˥ ʔɓɛw˨˩˦]

[cək̚˦˥ ʔɓɛw˦˥]

(nutrition) fat; compare mỡ (“fat as part of flesh”)

(informal, nutrition, organic chemistry) Synonym of lipit (“lipid”)


bệnh tâm thần

[ʔɓəjŋ̟˧˨ʔ təm˧˧ tʰən˨˩]

[ʔɓen˨˩ʔ təm˧˧ tʰəŋ˦˩]

[ʔɓəːn˨˩˨ təm˧˧ tʰəŋ˨˩]

(pathology) mental illness; psychiatric disorder


tuyến tiền liệt

[twiəŋ˦˧˥ tiəŋ˦˩ liək̚˨˩ʔ]

[t⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˦˥ tiəŋ˨˩ liək̚˨˩˨]

Calque of Chinese 前列腺 (tiền liệt tuyến).


dị nguyên

[zi˧˨ʔ ŋwiən˧˧]

[jɪj˨˩ʔ ŋwiəŋ˧˧]

[jɪj˨˩˨ ŋwiəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 異 (“different; strange”) and 源 (“source; origin”).


ngoại khoa

[ŋwaːj˧˨ʔ xwaː˧˧]

[ŋwaːj˨˩ʔ kʰwaː˧˧]

[ŋwaːj˨˩ʔ xwaː˧˧]

[ŋwaːj˨˩˨ kʰwaː˧˧]

[ŋwaːj˨˩˨ xwaː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 外科, composed of 外 (“external”) and 科 (“branch; department”). The contrast between 外科 (wàikē, “surgery”, literally “external branch”) and 内科 (nèikē, “internal medicine”, literally “internal branch”) seemingly has to do with, respectively, "external" and "internal" conditions, but it is also possible because surgery in particular was considered "outside" of or "foreign" to all the disciplines known to traditional East Asian medicine.


phẫu

(medicine) Short for phẫu thuật (“surgery”).


da liễu

[zaː˧˧ liəw˦ˀ˥]

Blend of da (“skin”) + hoa liễu (“venereal”).

blend

bệnh da liễu

a disease that affects either the skin or the reproductive system

bệnh viện da liễu


nhiếp hộ tuyến

[ɲiəp̚˧˦ ho˧˨ʔ twiən˧˦]

[ɲiəp̚˦˧˥ how˨˩ʔ twiəŋ˦˧˥]

[ɲip̚˦˥ how˨˩˨ t⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˦˥]

(now dated in Vietnam, still used by Overseas Vietnamese) prostate gland; prostate


sốt rét

[sot̚˧˦ zɛt̚˧˦]

[ʂok̚˦˧˥ ʐɛt̚˦˧˥]

[sok̚˦˧˥ ʐɛt̚˦˧˥]

[ʂok̚˦˥ ɹɛk̚˦˥]

[sok̚˦˥ ɹɛk̚˦˥]


ói

From Proto-Vietic *ʔoːlʔ (“to choke while eating”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ʔul() ~ *ʔuəlʔ ~ *ʔəl() ~ *hul() (“nausea; to choke; to vomit”). Cognate with Chut [Rục] ʔoːl³, Arem ʔuəlˀ ("to choke"), Pacoh oal, Khmer អួល (ʼuəl, “to gag; to choke”).

inh

(Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) to vomit


tử cung

[tɨ˧˩ kʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[tɨ˧˨ kʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[tɨ˨˩˦ kʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 子宮, composed of 子 (“child”) and 宮 (“palace”).


túi mật

[tuj˧˦ mət̚˧˨ʔ]

[tuj˨˩˦ mək̚˨˩ʔ]

[tuj˦˥ mək̚˨˩˨]


choáng

[t͡ɕwaːŋ˦˧˥]


sỏi mật

[sɔj˧˩ mət̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʂɔj˧˨ mək̚˨˩ʔ]

[sɔj˧˨ mək̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʂɔj˨˩˦ mək̚˨˩˨]

[sɔj˨˩˦ mək̚˨˩˨]


thâm nhiễm

[tʰəm˧˧ ɲiəm˦ˀ˥]

[tʰəm˧˧ ɲiəm˧˨]

[tʰəm˧˧ ɲim˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 深 (“deep”) and 染 (“to contaminate”).


thâm nhiễm

[tʰəm˧˧ ɲiəm˦ˀ˥]

[tʰəm˧˧ ɲiəm˧˨]

[tʰəm˧˧ ɲim˨˩˦]

thâm nhiễm phổi

(medicine) infiltrate (an undesirable invading substance)


thâm nhiễm

[tʰəm˧˧ ɲiəm˦ˀ˥]

[tʰəm˧˧ ɲiəm˧˨]

[tʰəm˧˧ ɲim˨˩˦]


cẳng chân

[kaŋ˧˩ t͡ɕən˧˧]

[kaŋ˧˨ t͡ɕəŋ˧˧]

[kaŋ˨˩˦ cəŋ˧˧]


lành

head

令, 冷, 怜, 苓, 袊, 𡅐, 𡅑, 𫅜, 𬙽, 𫅞, 󰃬

lành • (令, 冷, 怜, 苓, 袊, 𡅐, 𡅑, 𫅜, 𬙽, 𫅞, 󰃬)

vi-adj

令, 冷, 怜, 苓, 袊, 𡅐, 𡅑, 𫅜, 𬙽, 𫅞, 󰃬

令 (CJK)
冷 (CJK)
怜 (CJK)
苓 (CJK)
袊 (CJK)
𡅐 (CJK)
𡅑 (CJK)
𫅜 (CJK)
𬙽 (CJK)
𫅞 (CJK)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 令 (“good; fine; excellent”, SV: lệnh).
Attested in the Annan Jishi (安南即事, 13th centry) as 領 (MC ljengX), glossed as "good" (好), with "not good" (不好) being 張領 (MC trjang ljengX), i.e. chẳng lành.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">lệnh</i>


lá lách

[laː˨˩˦ lat̚˦˧˥]


phình

(medicine) dilatation, enlargement, aneurysm, ballooning, etc.


thất

(medicine) ventricle (of the heart, brain)


xét nghiệm

[sɛt̚˧˦ ŋiəm˧˨ʔ]

[sɛt̚˦˧˥ ŋiəm˨˩ʔ]

[sɛk̚˦˥ ŋim˨˩˨]

(medicine) to do tests (with the aim of diagnosis)


công thức máu

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ tʰɨk̚˧˦ maw˧˦]

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ tʰɨk̚˦˧˥ maw˨˩˦]

[kəwŋ͡m˧˧ tʰɨk̚˦˥ ma(ː)w˦˥]

complete blood count
complete blood count


xơ gan

[səː˧˧ ɣaːn˧˧]

[səː˧˧ ɣaːŋ˧˧]

[səː˧˧ ɣaːŋ˧˧]


uốn ván

[ʔuən˧˦ vaːn˧˦]

[ʔuəŋ˦˧˥ vaːŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔuəŋ˦˥ vaːŋ˦˥]

[ʔuəŋ˦˥ jaːŋ˦˥]


vàng da

[vaːŋ˨˩ zaː˧˧]

[vaːŋ˦˩ jaː˧˧]

[vaːŋ˨˩ jaː˧˧]

[jaːŋ˨˩ jaː˧˧]


sốt xuất huyết

[ʂok̚˦˧˥ swək̚˦˧˥ hwiək̚˦˧˥]

[sok̚˦˧˥ swək̚˦˧˥ hwiək̚˦˧˥]

[ʂok̚˦˥ s⁽ʷ⁾ək̚˦˥ wiək̚˦˥]

[sok̚˦˥ s⁽ʷ⁾ək̚˦˥ wiək̚˦˥]


y sĩ

[ʔi˧˧ si˦ˀ˥]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ʂɪj˧˨]

[ʔɪj˧˧ sɪj˧˨]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ʂɪj˨˩˦]

[ʔɪj˧˧ sɪj˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 醫士, composed of 醫 (“medicine”) and 士 (“-ist”).

physician assistant
physician assistant#English


nhiễm trùng

[ɲiəm˦ˀ˥ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

[ɲiəm˧˨ ʈʊwŋ͡m˦˩]

[ɲim˨˩˦ ʈʊwŋ͡m˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 染 (“to be infected with”) and 蟲 (“bug; bacteria”).


thất tình

Sino-Vietnamese word from 七情, composed of 七 (“seven”) and 情 (“emotion”).

[tʰət̚˧˦ tïŋ˨˩]

[tʰək̚˦˧˥ tɨn˦˩]

[tʰək̚˦˥ tɨn˨˩]

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(Confucianism, Buddhism, traditional Chinese medicine) the seven emotional states: joy, anger, anxiety, thought, grief, fear, fright


đại tràng

[ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ t͡ɕaːŋ˨˩]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ ʈaːŋ˦˩]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ ʈaːŋ˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-đại tràng.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 大腸, composed of 大 (“large”) and 腸 (“intestine”).

viêm đại tràng

(anatomy, chiefly alternative medicine) large intestine


hồi tràng

[hoj˨˩ t͡ɕaːŋ˨˩]

[hoj˦˩ ʈaːŋ˦˩]

[hoj˨˩ ʈaːŋ˨˩]


co giật

[kɔ˧˧ zət̚˧˨ʔ]

[kɔ˧˧ jək̚˨˩ʔ]

[kɔ˧˧ jək̚˨˩˨]


xuất huyết

[swək̚˦˧˥ hwiək̚˦˧˥]

[s⁽ʷ⁾ək̚˦˥ wiək̚˦˥]

(medicine, chiefly internally) to hemorrhage


siêu âm

[siəw˧˧ ʔəm˧˧]

[ʂiw˧˧ ʔəm˧˧]

[siw˧˧ ʔəm˧˧]

[ʂiw˧˧ ʔəm˧˧]

[siw˧˧ ʔəm˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-siêu âm.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 超 (“over-; super-; ultra-”) and 音 (“sound”).


siêu âm

[siəw˧˧ ʔəm˧˧]

[ʂiw˧˧ ʔəm˧˧]

[siw˧˧ ʔəm˧˧]

[ʂiw˧˧ ʔəm˧˧]

[siw˧˧ ʔəm˧˧]

(medicine, colloquial) to investigate with ultrasound


di chứng

[zi˧˧ t͡ɕɨŋ˧˦]

[jɪj˧˧ t͡ɕɨŋ˦˧˥]

[jɪj˧˧ cɨŋ˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 遺 (“to be left behind”) and 症 (“symptom”).

(medicine) sequela; complication (of a disease)


bệnh tật

[ʔɓəjŋ̟˧˨ʔ tət̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓen˨˩ʔ tək̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓəːn˨˩˨ tək̚˨˩˨]

(collective, pathology) diseases; illnesses


trầm cảm

[t͡ɕəm˨˩ kaːm˧˩]

[ʈəm˦˩ kaːm˧˨]

[ʈəm˨˩ kaːm˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 沉 (“to sink”) and 感 (“feeling; emotion”).


giáp

(medicine) Short for tuyến giáp (“thyroid”).


ngón chân

[ŋɔn˧˦ t͡ɕən˧˧]

[ŋɔŋ˦˧˥ t͡ɕəŋ˧˧]

[ŋɔŋ˦˥ cəŋ˧˧]


tiêu chảy

bị tiêu chảy


dịch tả

[zïk̟̚˧˨ʔ taː˧˩]

[jɨt̚˨˩ʔ taː˧˨]

[jɨt̚˨˩˨ taː˨˩˦]


nôn

head

農, 𡁛, 𡄨, 𡽫, 𧀒, 𫬣

vi-verb

農, 𡁛, 𡄨, 𡽫, 𧀒, 𫬣

農 (CJK)
𡁛 (CJK)
𡄨 (CJK)
𡽫 (CJK)
𧀒 (CJK)
𫬣 (CJK)

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-nôn.wav

(Northern Vietnam) to throw up; to vomit


tiền sử

[tiən˨˩ sɨ˧˩]

[tiəŋ˦˩ ʂɨ˧˨]

[tiəŋ˦˩ sɨ˧˨]

[tiəŋ˨˩ ʂɨ˨˩˦]

[tiəŋ˨˩ sɨ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 前 (“fore-”) and 史 (“history”). Compare Chinese 史前 (sử tiền), Chinese 史前史 (sử tiền sử), and Japanese 先史 (senshi, tiên sử).

vi-etym-sino

Nó có tiền sử động kinh.

(medicine, of a patient) the fact that you have had a disease or illness before; a "history" of a particular disease or illness


tả

Sino-Vietnamese word from 瀉 (“to have diarrhoea”).

(pathology, informal) Short for dịch tả (“cholera”).


khí quản

[kʰɪj˨˩˦ kwaːŋ˧˨]

[xɪj˨˩˦ kwaːŋ˧˨]

[kʰɪj˦˥ waːŋ˨˩˦]

[xɪj˦˥ waːŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 氣管, composed of 氣 (“air”) and 管 (“tube”).


đầu đinh

[ʔɗəw˨˩ ʔɗïŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗəw˦˩ ʔɗɨn˧˧]

[ʔɗəw˨˩ ʔɗɨn˧˧]


táo bón

[taːw˧˦ ʔɓɔn˧˦]

[taːw˨˩˦ ʔɓɔŋ˦˧˥]

[taːw˦˥ ʔɓɔŋ˦˥]


ác tính

[ʔaːk̚˧˦ tïŋ˧˦]

[ʔaːk̚˦˧˥ tɨn˦˧˥]

[ʔaːk̚˦˥ tɨn˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-ác tính.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 惡性, composed of 惡 (“evil”) and 性 (“quality”).

(pathology) malignant; nonbenign; pernicious


đại tiện

[ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ tiən˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ tiəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ tiəŋ˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-đại tiện.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 大便, composed of 大 (“large”) and 便 (“waste”).


ỉa chảy

[ʔiə˧˩ t͡ɕaj˧˩]

[ʔiə˧˨ t͡ɕaj˧˨]

[ʔiə˨˩˦ ca(ː)j˨˩˦]


tiểu cầu

Sino-Vietnamese word from 小 (“small”) and 球 (“ball”).


nhồi máu cơ tim

[ɲoj˨˩ maw˧˦ kəː˧˧ tim˧˧]

[ɲoj˦˩ maw˨˩˦ kəː˧˧ tim˧˧]

myocardial infarction
myocardial infarction

(pathology) myocardial infarction; heart attack


bạch cầu

[ʔɓajk̟̚˧˨ʔ kəw˨˩]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩ʔ kəw˦˩]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩˨ kəw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 白球, composed of 白 (“white”) and 球 (“ball”), from Chinese 白血球 (bạch huyết cầu, literally “white blood ball”).

der

(cytology, hematology, immunology) white blood cell; leukocyte


hồng cầu

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ kəw˨˩]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ kəw˦˩]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ kəw˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 紅 (“red”) and 球 (“ball”), from Chinese 紅血球／红血球 (hồng huyết cầu, literally “red blood ball”). Compare Japanese 赤血球 (sekkekkyū, xích huyết cầu).

cog

Coordinate term: bạch cầu

Em trở về đúng nghĩa trái tim
Biết làm sống những hồng cầu đã chết
Biết lấy lại những gì đã mất
Biết rút gần khoảng cách của yêu tin

1984, Xuân Quỳnh, “Tự hát [Sing by Myself]”, in Tự hát [Sing by Myself]:

I return to how the heart truly feels
I know how to revive red blood cells that are dead
I know how to reclaim things that are lost
I know how to shorten the distance between love and trust

(cytology, hematology) a red blood cell; an erythrocyte


y lệnh

[ʔi˧˧ ləjŋ̟˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɪj˧˧ len˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɪj˧˧ ləːn˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 醫 (“doctor”) and 令 (“command”). Compare Chinese 醫囑／医嘱 (yīzhǔ).

vi-etym-sino

Điều trị tăng huyết áp cần tuân thủ chặt chẽ theo y lệnh của bác sỹ chuyên khoa, có chỉ định uống thuốc theo đơn cụ thể.

2017 December, “Bác sĩ Bạch Mai vạch mặt thủ phạm dẫn đến đột quỵ”, in Dân Việt:

The treatment of hypertension requires strict compliance with the specialist doctor's instructions, using specific prescription medications.

Không chỉ thực hiện y lệnh, chăm chút, theo dõi quá trình điều trị cho bệnh nhân, điều dưỡng viên còn làm cả những công việc đúng chất của “người nhà”, từ chăm lo ăn uống, vệ sinh cá nhân đến trò chuyện, chia sẻ với người bệnh.

2017 December, Nguyễn Oanh, “Những “người thân” đặc biệt của bệnh nhân”, in Bắc Ninh Online, archived from the original on 2017-12-13:

Not only do [the nurses] carry out doctors' orders, take care of patients and follow their course of treatment, they also do tasks considered to be those of their “family members”, such as helping patients with eating and drinking, personal hygiene, and chatting with patients and sharing [stories] with them.

11h25’ ngày 29/11, bệnh nhân Đông được nhập viện vào khoa Vật lý trị liệu - Phục hồi chức năng và được ra y lệnh điều trị.

2017 December, Ngọc Tú, “Vụ bệnh nhân tử vong, người nhà quây bệnh viện: Kết luận đúng quy trình!”, in Trí Thức Trẻ:

At 11:25 on the 29th of November, patient Đông was admitted to the physiotherapy–occupational therapy department and given the doctors' instructions on treatment.

(medicine) doctor's instructions; doctor's advice


động kinh

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˨ʔ kïŋ˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ʔ kɨn˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩˨ kɨn˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 動 (“to move”) and 經 (“nerve”).


nội soi

[noj˨˩ʔ ʂɔj˧˧]

[noj˨˩˨ ʂɔj˧˧]


phòng khám

[fawŋ͡m˦˩ kʰaːm˦˧˥]

[fɔŋ˦˩ xaːm˦˧˥]


sinh sản

[sïŋ˧˧ saːn˧˩]

[ʂɨn˧˧ ʂaːŋ˧˨]

[sɨn˧˧ saːŋ˧˨]

[ʂɨn˧˧ ʂaːŋ˨˩˦]

[sɨn˧˧ saːŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 生產 (“to produce; to reproduce”).


loãng xương

[lwaːŋ˦ˀ˥ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[lwaːŋ˧˨ sɨəŋ˧˧]

[l⁽ʷ⁾aːŋ˨˩˦ sɨəŋ˧˧]


vô căn

Sino-Vietnamese word from 無 (“no”) and 根 (“root; basis”).

(medicine, of disease) primary; essential; idiopathic


ghẻ

Cognate with Tho [Cuối Chăm] kʰɛːl⁵.
Borrowed from a late form of Old Chinese 疥 (OC *C.kˤr[e][p]-s) (B-S) when the coda *-p already lost but the postcoda *-s was still extant. The Vietic form (whatever stage it was) at the time of borrowing can be reconstructed as roughly *C-kɛːs.


tê thấp

[te˧˧ tʰəp̚˧˦]

[tej˧˧ tʰəp̚˦˧˥]

[tej˧˧ tʰəp̚˦˥]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 痺濕 (“rheumatism”, SV: tí thấp).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">tí thấp</i>

vi-etym-sino

rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis

(bệnh ~) (pathology) rheumatism; rheumatoid arthritis


viêm khớp dạng thấp

[viəm˧˧ xəːp̚˧˦ zaːŋ˧˨ʔ tʰəp̚˧˦]

[viəm˧˧ kʰəːp̚˦˧˥ jaːŋ˨˩ʔ tʰəp̚˦˧˥]

[viəm˧˧ xəːp̚˦˧˥ jaːŋ˨˩ʔ tʰəp̚˦˧˥]

[vim˧˧ kʰəːp̚˦˥ jaːŋ˨˩˨ tʰəp̚˦˥]

[jim˧˧ xəːp̚˦˥ jaːŋ˨˩˨ tʰəp̚˦˥]

viêm khớp (“arthritis”) + dạng (“form; -oid”) + thấp (“rheumatism”).

com

(bệnh ~) (pathology) rheumatoid arthritis


viêm xương khớp

[viəm˧˧ sɨəŋ˧˧ xəːp̚˧˦]

[viəm˧˧ sɨəŋ˧˧ kʰəːp̚˦˧˥]

[viəm˧˧ sɨəŋ˧˧ xəːp̚˦˧˥]

[vim˧˧ sɨəŋ˧˧ kʰəːp̚˦˥]

[jim˧˧ sɨəŋ˧˧ xəːp̚˦˥]


hoa liễu

Sino-Vietnamese word from 花柳, composed of 花 (“flower”) and 柳 (“willow”), from Chinese 花柳 (huāliǔ, “red of flowers and green of willows; beauty; courtesan; brothel”), from Chinese 花柳病 (huāliǔbìng, “venereal disease”).

der

bệnh hoa liễu

(pathology) venereal; sexually transmitted


viêm khớp

[viəm˧˧ xəːp̚˧˦]

[viəm˧˧ kʰəːp̚˦˧˥]

[viəm˧˧ xəːp̚˦˧˥]

[vim˧˧ kʰəːp̚˦˥]

[jim˧˧ xəːp̚˦˥]


cùi

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-cùi.wav


lơ xê mi

[ləː˧˧ se˧˧ mi˧˧]

[ləː˧˧ sej˧˧ mɪj˧˧]

[ləː˧˧ sej˧˧ mɪj˧˧]


nước hoa

[nɨək̚˧˦ hwaː˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ hwaː˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˥ waː˧˧]


bìu dái

[ʔɓiw˨˩ zaːj˧˦]

[ʔɓiw˦˩ jaːj˨˩˦]

[ʔɓiw˨˩ jaːj˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-bìu dái.wav


ngăn

Tim bò sát có 3 ngăn, trừ tim cá sấu.

Reptilian hearts tend to have 3 chambers, except those of crocodilians.


ho gà

[hɔ˧˧ ɣaː˨˩]

[hɔ˧˧ ɣaː˦˩]

[hɔ˧˧ ɣaː˨˩]


giang mai

[zaːŋ˧˧ maːj˧˧]

[jaːŋ˧˧ maːj˧˧]

[jaːŋ˧˧ maːj˧˧]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 楊梅 (SV: dương mai). Doublet of dương mai.

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">dương mai</i>


bệnh than

[ʔɓəjŋ̟˧˨ʔ tʰaːn˧˧]

[ʔɓen˨˩ʔ tʰaːŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓəːn˨˩˨ tʰaːŋ˧˧]

bệnh (“disease”) + than (“coal”), blend of 病 (bệnh, “disease”) + 炭疽 (thán thư, “anthrax”). Compare thán thư (“anthracnose”).


dịch hạch

[zïk̟̚˧˨ʔ hajk̟̚˧˨ʔ]

[jɨt̚˨˩ʔ hat̚˨˩ʔ]

[jɨt̚˨˩˨ hat̚˨˩˨]

dịch (“epidemic”) + hạch (“lymph node, bubo”).


hạch

Sino-Vietnamese word from 核. Doublet of hạt.


bại liệt

[ʔɓaːj˧˨ʔ liət̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓaːj˨˩ʔ liək̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓaːj˨˩˨ liək̚˨˩˨]


bại liệt

[ʔɓaːj˧˨ʔ liət̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɓaːj˨˩ʔ liək̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɓaːj˨˩˨ liək̚˨˩˨]

(bệnh ~, dịch ~) (pathology) poliomyelitis; polio


nội tạng

[noj˧˨ʔ taːŋ˧˨ʔ]

[noj˨˩ʔ taːŋ˨˩ʔ]

[noj˨˩˨ taːŋ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 內臟, composed of 內 (“internal”) and 臟 (“viscera”).


tứ chi

[tɨ˧˦ t͡ɕi˧˧]

[tɨ˨˩˦ t͡ɕɪj˧˧]

[tɨ˦˥ cɪj˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-tứ chi.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 四肢, composed of 四 (“four”) and 肢 (“limb”)

the four limbs, generally of non-fish and non-bird vertebrates


chốc

[t͡ɕəwk͡p̚˧˦]

[t͡ɕəwk͡p̚˦˧˥]


gàu

trị gàu


ngất xỉu

[ŋət̚˧˦ siw˧˩]

[ŋək̚˦˧˥ siw˧˨]

[ŋək̚˦˥ siw˨˩˦]


phần phụ

[fən˨˩ fu˧˨ʔ]

[fəŋ˦˩ fʊw˨˩ʔ]

[fəŋ˨˩ fʊw˨˩˨]

(anatomy) uterine appendages; adnexa of uterus


sốc phản vệ

[səwk͡p̚˧˦ faːn˧˩ ve˧˨ʔ]

[ʂəwk͡p̚˦˧˥ faːŋ˧˨ vej˨˩ʔ]

[səwk͡p̚˦˧˥ faːŋ˧˨ vej˨˩ʔ]

[ʂəwk͡p̚˦˥ faːŋ˨˩˦ vej˨˩˨]

[səwk͡p̚˦˥ faːŋ˨˩˦ jej˨˩˨]

(medicine) anaphylactic shock; anaphylaxis


thai ngoài tử cung

[tʰaːj˧˧ ŋwaːj˨˩ tɨ˧˩ kʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[tʰaːj˧˧ ŋwaːj˦˩ tɨ˧˨ kʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[tʰaːj˧˧ ŋwaːj˨˩ tɨ˨˩˦ kʊwŋ͡m˧˧]


phản vệ

[faːŋ˧˨ vej˨˩ʔ]

[faːŋ˨˩˦ vej˨˩˨]

[faːŋ˨˩˦ jej˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 反 (“opposite; to oppose”) and 衛 (“to defend”).

(medicine, of the body) to protect itself by launching a reaction to exogenous harmful agents


viêm ruột thừa

[viəm˧˧ zuət̚˧˨ʔ tʰɨə˨˩]

[viəm˧˧ ʐuək̚˨˩ʔ tʰɨə˦˩]

[vim˧˧ ɹuək̚˨˩˨ tʰɨə˨˩]

[jim˧˧ ɹuək̚˨˩˨ tʰɨə˨˩]


phân bón

[fən˧˧ ʔɓɔn˧˦]

[fəŋ˧˧ ʔɓɔŋ˦˧˥]

[fəŋ˧˧ ʔɓɔŋ˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-phân bón.wav

phân (“feces”) + bón (“to put fertilizer on the soil”).


móm

(of people, especially old people) having lost all teeth; toothless


phòng mổ

[fɔŋ˦˩ mow˧˨]


tiền mê

Sino-Vietnamese word from 前 (“before”) and 迷 (“unconscious”).


hậu phẫu

[həw˧˨ʔ fəw˦ˀ˥]

[həw˨˩ʔ fəw˧˨]

[həw˨˩˨ fəw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 後 (“after”) and 剖 (“to dissect”).


đa khoa

[ʔɗaː˧˧ xwaː˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ kʰwaː˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ xwaː˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ kʰwaː˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˧˧ xwaː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 多 (“many”) and 科 (“specialty; discipline”).

bệnh viện đa khoa

bác sĩ đa khoa

(medicine) having many medical specialties; relating to polyclinic or general practice


ngũ tạng

[ŋu˦ˀ˥ taːŋ˧˨ʔ]

[ŋʊw˧˨ taːŋ˨˩ʔ]

[ŋʊw˨˩˦ taːŋ˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-ngũ tạng.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 五臟, composed of 五 (“five”) and 臟 (“viscera”).

(traditional Chinese medicine, anatomy) the five solid principal internal organs in the trunk of the body, including tâm (“heart”), can (“liver”), tì (“spleen”), phế (“lungs”) and thận (“kidneys”)


sinh lí

[sïŋ˧˧ li˧˦]

[ʂɨn˧˧ lɪj˨˩˦]

[sɨn˧˧ lɪj˨˩˦]

[ʂɨn˧˧ lɪj˦˥]

[sɨn˧˧ lɪj˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-sinh lí.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 生理, composed of 生 (“life”) and 理 (“workings”). Compare địa lí (“geography”, literally “workings of the earth”), vật lí (“physics”, literally “workings of things”) and tâm lí (“psychology”, literally “workings of the mind”).

sinh lí yếu

yếu sinh lí

to have low libido; (humorous, especially of a male human) to be physically weak

(medicine) libido (sexual urges or drives)


bọng đái

[ʔɓawŋ͡m˧˨ʔ ʔɗaːj˧˦]

[ʔɓawŋ͡m˨˩ʔ ʔɗaːj˨˩˦]

[ʔɓɔŋ˨˩ʔ ʔɗaːj˨˩˦]

[ʔɓawŋ͡m˨˩˨ ʔɗaːj˦˥]


nhau tiền đạo

[ɲaw˧˧ tiən˨˩ ʔɗaːw˧˨ʔ]

[ɲaw˧˧ tiəŋ˦˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩ʔ]

[ɲa(ː)w˧˧ tiəŋ˨˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩˨]


bắt con

[ʔɓat̚˧˦ kɔn˧˧]

[ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ kɔŋ˧˧]

[ʔɓak̚˦˥ kɔŋ˧˧]

(medicine) to perform a Caesarean section


thuyên tắc phổi

[tʰwiəŋ˧˧ tak̚˦˧˥ foj˧˨]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˧˧ tak̚˦˥ foj˨˩˦]


thuyên tắc ối

[tʰwiəŋ˧˧ tak̚˦˧˥ ʔoj˨˩˦]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˧˧ tak̚˦˥ ʔoj˦˥]

amniotic fluid embolism
amniotic fluid embolism


thuyên tắc

[tʰwiəŋ˧˧ tak̚˦˧˥]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾iəŋ˧˧ tak̚˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 栓塞, composed of 栓 (“plug”) and 塞 (“to block”).

(medicine) to be affected by embolism; to be embolised


gây tê

[ɣəj˧˧ te˧˧]

[ɣəj˧˧ tej˧˧]

[ɣəj˧˧ tej˧˧]


diện mạo

[ziən˧˨ʔ maːw˧˨ʔ]

[jiəŋ˨˩ʔ maːw˨˩ʔ]

[jiəŋ˨˩˨ maːw˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 面貌, composed of 面 (“face”) and 貌 (“face”).

Công trình hứa hẹn sẽ mang đến cho thành phố một diện mạo trẻ trung, năng động.

The construction promises to bring youthful, energetic vibes to the city.

Theo chúng tôi, đây là những lý thuyết có thể là[sic] rõ được diện mạo của Phật giáo Nam bộ từ truyền thống đến hiện tại, cụ thể là khắc họa được Phật giáo Nam bộ với 4 nội dung: (i) Lịch sử các trường phái Phật giáo trong các dân tộc Nam bộ; (ii) Diện mạo Phật giáo Nam bộ; (iii) Mối quan hệ và tác động của Phật giáo Nam bộ với các lĩnh vực của đời sống xã hội; (iv) Phật giáo Nam bộ đương đại.

2021, Thích Nhật Từ, editor, Phật giáo vùng Nam bộ: sự hình thành và phát triển [Buddhism in the South: Birth and Rise], volume 1:

In our opinion, these theories can illuminate the state of affairs of Southern Buddhism throughout history, particularly they can portray Southern Buddhism in these four aspects: (i) The history of the schools of Buddhism among Southerners; (ii) The state of affairs of Southern Buddhism; (iii) The relation and influence of Southern Buddhism as regards other domains of social life; (iv) Contemporary Southern Buddhism.

Diện mạo đặc biệt của nàng Mỹ Nhân Ngư thường bị nhầm lẫn với vẻ đẹp bề ngoài, đặc biệt là khuôn mặt. Nàng Mỹ Nhân Ngư chưa hẳn sẽ có một khuôn mặt xinh đẹp: Thay vào đó, khuôn mặt nàng thường tỏ ra rất lạnh lùng và xa cách.

2001, Robert Greene, translated by Nguyễn Thị Kim Anh, Nghệ thuật quyến rũ [The Art of Seduction]:

The special allure of the Mermaid is often mistaken for outward appearance, especially the face. The Mermaid does not necessarily have a beautiful face: Instead, her face often seems cold and aloof.

(figurative, literary) appearance, look, impression or vibes


phì đại

[fi˨˩ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ]

[fɪj˦˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ]

[fɪj˨˩ ʔɗaːj˨˩˨]


triệt sản

[t͡ɕiət̚˧˨ʔ saːn˧˩]

[ʈiək̚˨˩ʔ ʂaːŋ˧˨]

[ʈiək̚˨˩ʔ saːŋ˧˨]

[ʈiək̚˨˩˨ ʂaːŋ˨˩˦]

[ʈiək̚˨˩˨ saːŋ˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-triệt sản.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 撤 (“to remove; to take away”) and 產 (“to reproduce”).

to sterilize (disable ability to procreate)


tiên lượng

[tiən˧˧ lɨəŋ˧˨ʔ]

[tiəŋ˧˧ lɨəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[tiəŋ˧˧ lɨəŋ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 先 (“first; front”) and 量 (“amount; capacity”).


rát

Often theorized as being from Old Chinese 烈 (OC *[r]at) (B-S) (SV: liệt). However, the form tɑt⁷ recorded in the Vietic lect of Cao Lao Hạ and tát in the Lộc Hà lect of Hà Tĩnh point to an older form with the initial cluster *C-s instead of *r, therefore rendering the theory aforementioned unlikely. Compare pairs such as North Central tắn vs. written standard rắn, North Central tít vs. written standard rết.


tự phát

[tɨ˧˨ʔ faːt̚˧˦]

[tɨ˨˩ʔ faːk̚˦˧˥]

[tɨ˨˩˨ faːk̚˦˥]


dịch tễ

[zïk̟̚˧˨ʔ te˦ˀ˥]

[jɨt̚˨˩ʔ tej˧˨]

[jɨt̚˨˩˨ tej˨˩˦]


nhiễm trùng huyết

[ɲiəm˦ˀ˥ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˨˩ hwiət̚˧˦]

[ɲiəm˧˨ ʈʊwŋ͡m˦˩ hwiək̚˦˧˥]

[ɲim˨˩˦ ʈʊwŋ͡m˨˩ wiək̚˦˥]


áp-xe

[ʔaːp̚˧˦ sɛ˧˧]

[ʔaːp̚˦˧˥ sɛ˧˧]

[ʔaːp̚˦˥ sɛ˧˧]


âm tính

[ʔəm˧˧ tïŋ˧˦]

[ʔəm˧˧ tɨn˦˧˥]

[ʔəm˧˧ tɨn˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-âm tính.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 陰性, composed of 陰 (“yin”) and 性 (“-ness”).


dương tính

[zɨəŋ˧˧ tïŋ˧˦]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ tɨn˦˧˥]

[jɨəŋ˧˧ tɨn˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 陽性, composed of 陽 (“yang”) and 性 (“-ness”).

xét nghiệm HIV dương tính


phác đồ

[faːk̚˧˦ ʔɗo˨˩]

[faːk̚˦˧˥ ʔɗow˦˩]

[faːk̚˦˥ ʔɗow˨˩]

(medicine) (treatment) protocol; algorithm; regimen


vòng tránh thai

[vawŋ͡m˨˩ t͡ɕajŋ̟˧˦ tʰaːj˧˧]

[vawŋ͡m˦˩ ʈɛɲ˦˧˥ tʰaːj˧˧]

[vɔŋ˦˩ ʈɛɲ˦˧˥ tʰaːj˧˧]

[vawŋ͡m˨˩ ʈan˦˥ tʰaːj˧˧]

[jawŋ͡m˨˩ ʈan˦˥ tʰaːj˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-vòng tránh thai.wav

vòng (“ring”) + tránh (“to avoid”) + thai (“pregnancy”).

com

đặt vòng (tránh thai)


nháy

nháy mắt


sún

(of people, especially children who are developing permanent teeth) having lost some teeth


viễn thị

[viən˦ˀ˥ tʰi˧˨ʔ]

[viəŋ˧˨ tʰɪj˨˩ʔ]

[viəŋ˨˩˦ tʰɪj˨˩˨]

[jiəŋ˨˩˦ tʰɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 遠視, composed of 遠 (“far”) and 視 (“vision”).

vi-etym-sino

(pathology) long-sighted; far-sighted; hypermetropic


cận thị

[kən˧˨ʔ tʰi˧˨ʔ]

[kəŋ˨˩ʔ tʰɪj˨˩ʔ]

[kəŋ˨˩˨ tʰɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 近視, composed of 近 (“near”) and 視 (“vision”).

(pathology) short-sighted; near-sighted; myopic


hoa nhài cắm bãi cứt trâu

vi-noun

(classifier bông) hoa nhài cắm bãi cứt trâu

[hwaː˧˧ ɲaːj˨˩ kam˧˦ ʔɓaːj˦ˀ˥ kɨt̚˧˦ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[hwaː˧˧ ɲaːj˦˩ kam˦˧˥ ʔɓaːj˧˨ kɨk̚˦˧˥ ʈəw˧˧]

[waː˧˧ ɲaːj˨˩ kam˦˥ ʔɓaːj˨˩˦ kɨk̚˦˥ ʈəw˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-hoa nhài cắm bãi cứt trâu.wav

Perhaps from folklore. Compare Chinese 一朵鮮花插在牛糞上／一朵鲜花插在牛粪上 (yī duǒ xiānhuā chā zài niúfèn shàng, literally “a flower stuck into a pile of cow dung”).

ncog

Jasminum sambac
Jasminum sambac#Translingual

(literal) an Arabian jasmine (Jasminum sambac) stuck in a pile of water buffalo shit


cổ họng

[kow˧˨ hɔŋ˨˩ʔ]


tiểu phẫu

[tiəw˧˩ fəw˦ˀ˥]

[tiw˨˩˦ fəw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 小 (“small”) and 剖 (“to cut open”).


giải nhiệt

[zaːj˧˩ ɲiət̚˧˨ʔ]

[jaːj˧˨ ɲiək̚˨˩ʔ]

[jaːj˨˩˦ ɲiək̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 解熱 (“to relieve heat or a fever”).

trà giải nhiệt

(alternative medicine) to relieve "hot" qi in your body in order to reduce acne, inflammation, etc.


giụi

Mẹ đã bảo là tay bẩn đừng có giụi mắt !

I told you not to rub your eyes with your filthy hands!


thanh quản

[tʰɛɲ˧˧ kwaːŋ˧˨]

[tʰan˧˧ waːŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 聲管, composed of 聲 (“sound”) and 管 (“pipe; tube”).


thoát vị

[tʰwaːt̚˧˦ vi˧˨ʔ]

[tʰwaːk̚˦˧˥ vɪj˨˩ʔ]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾aːk̚˦˥ vɪj˨˩˨]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾aːk̚˦˥ jɪj˨˩˨]


cảm lạnh

[kaːm˧˩ lajŋ̟˧˨ʔ]

[kaːm˧˨ lɛɲ˨˩ʔ]


viêm họng

[viəm˧˧ hɔŋ˨˩ʔ]


đau đầu

[ʔɗaw˧˧ ʔɗəw˨˩]

[ʔɗaw˧˧ ʔɗəw˦˩]

[ʔɗa(ː)w˧˧ ʔɗəw˨˩]

(literally and figuratively) to have a headache


sổ mũi

[ʂow˨˩˦ muj˨˩˦]

to have a runny nose; to catch the sniffles


sản phụ khoa

[ʂaːŋ˧˨ fʊw˨˩ʔ kʰwaː˧˧]

[saːŋ˧˨ fʊw˨˩ʔ xwaː˧˧]

[ʂaːŋ˨˩˦ fʊw˨˩˨ kʰwaː˧˧]

[saːŋ˨˩˦ fʊw˨˩˨ xwaː˧˧]

Superficially Sino-Vietnamese word from 產婦科, composed of 產婦 (“pregnant woman”) and 科 (“medical branch”), but actually a blend of sản khoa (“obstetrics”) + phụ khoa (“gynecology”). Compare Chinese 婦產科／妇产科 (phụ sản khoa).

blend

(obstetrics, gynaecology) obstetrics and gynecology


sản phụ

[ʂaːŋ˧˨ fʊw˨˩ʔ]

[saːŋ˧˨ fʊw˨˩ʔ]

[ʂaːŋ˨˩˦ fʊw˨˩˨]

[saːŋ˨˩˦ fʊw˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 產婦, composed of 產 (“to give birth”) and 婦 (“woman”).

vi-etym-sino

(obstetrics) either a pregnant woman or a woman who has just given birth


cách li

[kat̚˦˧˥ lɪj˧˧]


thốn

to feel a sharp pain; to feel a shooting pain


nhũ hoa

[ɲu˦ˀ˥ hwaː˧˧]

[ɲʊw˧˨ hwaː˧˧]

[ɲʊw˨˩˦ waː˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 乳 (“breast”) and 花 (“flower”).


bạch hầu

[ʔɓajk̟̚˧˨ʔ həw˨˩]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩ʔ həw˦˩]

[ʔɓat̚˨˩˨ həw˨˩]


thổ huyết

[tʰow˨˩˦ wiək̚˦˥]


thương hàn

[tʰɨəŋ˧˧ haːn˨˩]

[tʰɨəŋ˧˧ haːŋ˦˩]

[tʰɨəŋ˧˧ haːŋ˨˩]


tiền đình

[tiən˨˩ ʔɗïŋ˨˩]

[tiəŋ˦˩ ʔɗɨn˦˩]

[tiəŋ˨˩ ʔɗɨn˨˩]

rối loạn tiền đình

(anatomy) vestibule (especially of the ear)


chất trắng

[t͡ɕət̚˧˦ t͡ɕaŋ˧˦]

[t͡ɕək̚˦˧˥ ʈaŋ˦˧˥]

[cək̚˦˥ ʈaŋ˦˥]


cột sống

[kot̚˧˨ʔ səwŋ͡m˧˦]

[kok̚˨˩ʔ ʂəwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[kok̚˨˩ʔ səwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[kok̚˨˩˨ ʂəwŋ͡m˦˥]

[kok̚˨˩˨ səwŋ͡m˦˥]

(anatomy) vertebral column; spinal column


ù tai

[ʔu˨˩ taːj˧˧]

[ʔʊw˦˩ taːj˧˧]

[ʔʊw˨˩ taːj˧˧]


thiếu máu

From thiếu (“deficient”) + máu (“blood”). Compare Chinese 貧血／贫血 (bần huyết, literally “deficient in blood”).


nội khoa

Sino-Vietnamese word from 內科, composed of 內 (“inside”) and 科 (“department”).


bắt gió

[ʔɓat̚˧˦ zɔ˧˦]

[ʔɓak̚˦˧˥ jɔ˨˩˦]

[ʔɓak̚˦˥ jɔ˦˥]

bắt (“to catch”) + gió (“harmful wind”).

(alternative medicine) to pinch the skin of the glabellar, temporal and genial regions all the way down the front of the neck until red spots (that are typically diamond-shaped due to the pinches) are formed, optionally using dầu gió, as a way to "release" gió (sense 2) in the fevered body


dầu gió

[zəw˨˩ zɔ˧˦]

[jəw˦˩ jɔ˨˩˦]

[jəw˨˩ jɔ˦˥]

dầu (“oil”) + gió (“harmful wind”). Compare Chinese 風油／风油 (phong du, literally “wind-oil”).

cog

(alternative medicine) a type of mint extract, typically green, that feels hot when being applied to the skin or drunk, used to help cure various ailments


cạo gió

[kaːw˧˨ʔ zɔ˧˦]

[kaːw˨˩ʔ jɔ˨˩˦]

[kaːw˨˩˨ jɔ˦˥]

cạo (“to scratch”) + gió (“harmful wind”)

af

(alternative medicine) to scratch the back with the edge of a metal object (typically a spoon, a ladle or a coin) until it becomes red all over, optionally using dầu gió, as a way to "release" gió (sense 2) in the fevered body


phong thấp

[fawŋ͡m˧˧ tʰəp̚˧˦]

[fawŋ͡m˧˧ tʰəp̚˦˧˥]

[fɔŋ˧˧ tʰəp̚˦˧˥]

[fawŋ͡m˧˧ tʰəp̚˦˥]


thống phong

[tʰəwŋ͡m˧˦ fawŋ͡m˧˧]

[tʰəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ fawŋ͡m˧˧]

[tʰəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ fɔŋ˧˧]

[tʰəwŋ͡m˦˥ fawŋ͡m˧˧]


dây chằng

[zəj˧˧ t͡ɕaŋ˨˩]

[jəj˧˧ t͡ɕaŋ˦˩]

[jəj˧˧ caŋ˨˩]


lành tính

[lajŋ̟˨˩ tïŋ˧˦]

[lɛɲ˦˩ tɨn˦˧˥]

From lành (“docile”), based on ác tính (“malignant”). Compare Chinese 良性 (lương tính).
Despite similar shape, lành and lương are not etymologically related. In this case however, there was enough contamination that lành (< 令 (MC ljengH)) ended up displace 良 (MC ljang) in 良性 (lương tính).


đường huyết

[ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩ hwiət̚˧˦]

[ʔɗɨəŋ˦˩ hwiək̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗɨəŋ˨˩ wiək̚˦˥]

đường (“sugar”) + huyết (“blood”), calque of Chinese 血糖 (huyết đường)


y tế

[ʔɪj˧˧ tej˨˩˦]

[ʔɪj˧˧ tej˦˥]

phòng y tế

bảo hiểm y tế

Tổ chức Y tế Thế giới


mĩ phẩm

[mi˦ˀ˥ fəm˧˩]

[mɪj˧˨ fəm˧˨]

[mɪj˨˩˦ fəm˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 美 (“beauty”) and 品 (“product”).

vi-etym-sino

(cosmetics, collective) cosmetics; cosmetic products; beauty products


dung nhan

[zʊwŋ͡m˧˧ ɲaːn˧˧]

[jʊwŋ͡m˧˧ ɲaːŋ˧˧]

[jʊwŋ͡m˧˧ ɲaːŋ˧˧]


thuỷ tinh thể

[tʰwi˧˩ tïŋ˧˧ tʰe˧˩]

[tʰwɪj˧˨ tɨn˧˧ tʰej˧˨]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ tɨn˧˧ tʰej˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 水晶體, composed of 水晶 (“crystal”) and 體 (“body”). Compare Japanese 水晶体 (suishōtai), Korean 수정체 (sujeongche).

bị đục thuỷ tinh thể


trang điểm

[t͡ɕaːŋ˧˧ ʔɗiəm˧˩]

[ʈaːŋ˧˧ ʔɗiəm˧˨]

[ʈaːŋ˧˧ ʔɗim˨˩˦]


thần dược

[tʰən˨˩ zɨək̚˧˨ʔ]

[tʰəŋ˦˩ jɨək̚˨˩ʔ]

[tʰəŋ˨˩ jɨək̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 神藥, composed of 神 (“godly”) and 藥 (“medicine”).


sản giật

[saːn˧˩ zət̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʂaːŋ˧˨ jək̚˨˩ʔ]

[saːŋ˧˨ jək̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʂaːŋ˨˩˦ jək̚˨˩˨]

[saːŋ˨˩˦ jək̚˨˩˨]


tiền sản giật

[tiən˨˩ saːn˧˩ zət̚˧˨ʔ]

[tiəŋ˦˩ ʂaːŋ˧˨ jək̚˨˩ʔ]

[tiəŋ˦˩ saːŋ˧˨ jək̚˨˩ʔ]

[tiəŋ˨˩ ʂaːŋ˨˩˦ jək̚˨˩˨]

[tiəŋ˨˩ saːŋ˨˩˦ jək̚˨˩˨]


xương quai xanh

[sɨəŋ˧˧ kwaːj˧˧ sajŋ̟˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ kwaːj˧˧ sɛɲ˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ waːj˧˧ san˧˧]

xương (“bone”) + quai (“handle, strap”) + xanh (“wok”), referring specifically to the two-handled wok, with the simile between the two handles and the two collarbones.


hồng mao

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ maːw˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ maːw˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ maːw˧˧]

voi chín ngà, gà chín cựa, ngựa chín hồng mao

an elephant with nine tusks, a rooster with nine spurs, a horse with nine groups of mane hair

(mythology) one of the nine groups of hair of the mane of the horse that Sơn Tinh offered the reigning Hùng king to propose to his princess


đốt sống

[ʔɗot̚˧˦ səwŋ͡m˧˦]

[ʔɗok̚˦˧˥ ʂəwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[ʔɗok̚˦˧˥ səwŋ͡m˦˧˥]

[ʔɗok̚˦˥ ʂəwŋ͡m˦˥]

[ʔɗok̚˦˥ səwŋ͡m˦˥]


quai bị

[kwaːj˧˧ ʔɓi˧˨ʔ]

[kwaːj˧˧ ʔɓɪj˨˩ʔ]

[waːj˧˧ ʔɓɪj˨˩˨]


giải phẫu

[zaːj˧˩ fəw˦ˀ˥]

[jaːj˨˩˦ fəw˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 解剖, composed of 解 (“to untie”) and 剖 (“to cut”), Japanese 解剖 (kaibō).

vi-etym-sino

(medicine) to operate; to dissect (generally speaking)


ung thư cổ tử cung

[ʔʊwŋ͡m˧˧ tʰɨ˧˧ ko˧˩ tɨ˧˩ kʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʔʊwŋ͡m˧˧ tʰɨ˧˧ kow˧˨ tɨ˧˨ kʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[ʔʊwŋ͡m˧˧ tʰɨ˧˧ kow˨˩˦ tɨ˨˩˦ kʊwŋ͡m˧˧]


ung thư gan

[ʔʊwŋ͡m˧˧ tʰɨ˧˧ ɣaːn˧˧]

[ʔʊwŋ͡m˧˧ tʰɨ˧˧ ɣaːŋ˧˧]

[ʔʊwŋ͡m˧˧ tʰɨ˧˧ ɣaːŋ˧˧]


viêm gan

[viəm˧˧ ɣaːn˧˧]

[viəm˧˧ ɣaːŋ˧˧]

[vim˧˧ ɣaːŋ˧˧]

[jim˧˧ ɣaːŋ˧˧]

viêm gan B


xương sườn

[sɨəŋ˧˧ sɨən˨˩]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʂɨəŋ˦˩]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ sɨəŋ˦˩]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ ʂɨəŋ˨˩]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ sɨəŋ˨˩]


đốc-tờ

[ʔɗəwk͡p̚˧˦ təː˨˩]

[ʔɗəwk͡p̚˦˧˥ təː˦˩]

[ʔɗəwk͡p̚˦˥ təː˨˩]

From French docteur (“Ph.D.; M.D.; physician”).

bor

dép đốc-tờ

(now chiefly humorous, obsolete in formal register) physician


lác mắt

[laːk̚˦˧˥ mak̚˦˧˥]

(medicine) to have squint eyes; to have strabismus


đặt vòng

[ʔɗat̚˧˨ʔ vawŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʔɗak̚˨˩ʔ vawŋ͡m˦˩]

[ʔɗak̚˨˩ʔ vɔŋ˦˩]

[ʔɗak̚˨˩˨ vawŋ͡m˨˩]

[ʔɗak̚˨˩˨ jawŋ͡m˨˩]

đặt (“to place”) + vòng (“ring”). Compare Chinese 上環／上环 (shànghuán).

(medicine) to fit an intrauterine device (IUD)


hoóc môn

[hɔk̚˦˧˥ moŋ˧˧]

[hɔk̚˦˥ moŋ˧˧]

From French hormone. The h is added via spelling pronunciation.


cổ tử cung

[ko˧˩ tɨ˧˩ kʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[kow˧˨ tɨ˧˨ kʊwŋ͡m˧˧]

[kow˨˩˦ tɨ˨˩˦ kʊwŋ͡m˧˧]


đề kháng

[ʔɗe˨˩ xaːŋ˧˦]

[ʔɗej˦˩ kʰaːŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɗej˦˩ xaːŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɗej˨˩ kʰaːŋ˦˥]

[ʔɗej˨˩ xaːŋ˦˥]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 抵抗 (SV: để kháng), probably via confusion with đề (提, “to guard against”), as in đề phòng (提防, “to take precautions against”).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">để kháng</i>

vi-link

sức đề kháng

resistance against antigens, or more broadly, immunity in general

(pathology) to resist (against antigens)


dạ con

[zaː˧˨ʔ kɔn˧˧]

[jaː˨˩ʔ kɔŋ˧˧]

[jaː˨˩˨ kɔŋ˧˧]


xạ trị

head

xạ trị • (射治)

vi-noun

xạ trị • (射治)

[saː˧˨ʔ t͡ɕi˧˨ʔ]

[saː˨˩ʔ ʈɪj˨˩ʔ]

[saː˨˩˨ ʈɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese, blend of bức xạ (“radiation”) + trị liệu (“therapy”).


hoá trị

[hwaː˧˦ t͡ɕi˧˨ʔ]

[hwaː˨˩˦ ʈɪj˨˩ʔ]

[waː˦˥ ʈɪj˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese, Blend of hoá học (“chemistry”) + trị liệu (“therapy”).


nheo

nheo mắt


răng vĩnh viễn

[zaŋ˧˧ vïŋ˦ˀ˥ viən˦ˀ˥]

[ʐaŋ˧˧ vɨn˧˨ viəŋ˧˨]

[ɹaŋ˧˧ vɨn˨˩˦ viəŋ˨˩˦]

[ɹaŋ˧˧ jɨn˨˩˦ jiəŋ˨˩˦]

răng (“tooth”) + vĩnh viễn (“permanent”).


răng sữa

[zaŋ˧˧ sɨə˦ˀ˥]

[ʐaŋ˧˧ ʂɨə˧˨]

[ʐaŋ˧˧ sɨə˧˨]

[ɹaŋ˧˧ ʂɨə˨˩˦]

[ɹaŋ˧˧ sɨə˨˩˦]


cái răng cái tóc là góc con người

[kaːj˧˦ zaŋ˧˧ kaːj˧˦ tawk͡p̚˧˦ laː˨˩ ɣawk͡p̚˧˦ kɔn˧˧ ŋɨəj˨˩]

[kaːj˨˩˦ ʐaŋ˧˧ kaːj˨˩˦ tawk͡p̚˦˧˥ laː˦˩ ɣawk͡p̚˦˧˥ kɔŋ˧˧ ŋɨj˦˩]

[kaːj˦˥ ɹaŋ˧˧ kaːj˦˥ tawk͡p̚˦˥ laː˨˩ ɣawk͡p̚˦˥ kɔŋ˧˧ ŋɨj˨˩]

teeth and head hair are the most important when it comes to appearance


thân mình

[tʰən˧˧ mïŋ˨˩]

[tʰəŋ˧˧ mɨn˦˩]

[tʰəŋ˧˧ mɨn˨˩]


xương dăm

[sɨəŋ˧˧ zam˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ jam˧˧]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ jam˧˧]

one of the smallest bones in a bony fish that are easy to get stuck in people's throats


xương chậu

[sɨəŋ˧˧ t͡ɕəw˧˨ʔ]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ t͡ɕəw˨˩ʔ]

[sɨəŋ˧˧ cəw˨˩˨]


cùi chỏ

[kuj˨˩ t͡ɕɔ˧˩]

[kuj˦˩ t͡ɕɔ˧˨]

[kuj˨˩ cɔ˨˩˦]


đi công tác

[ʔɗi˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˧ taːk̚˧˦]

[ʔɗɪj˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˧ taːk̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɗɪj˧˧ kəwŋ͡m˧˧ taːk̚˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-đi công tác.wav

đi (“to go”) + công tác (“business trip”)


thực quản

[tʰɨk̚˧˨ʔ kwaːn˧˩]

[tʰɨk̚˨˩ʔ kwaːŋ˧˨]

[tʰɨk̚˨˩˨ waːŋ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 食管, composed of 食 (“eating”) and 管 (“tube”).


tông-đơ

[təwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɗəː˧˧]

[təwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɗəː˧˧]

[təwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɗəː˧˧]

Em muốn cắt kéo chứ không dùng tông-đơ.

I'd like a hair trim with scissors, not an electric hair clipper.


răng cửa

[zaŋ˧˧ kɨə˧˩]

[ʐaŋ˧˧ kɨə˧˨]

[ɹaŋ˧˧ kɨə˨˩˦]

răng (“tooth”) + cửa (“door”). Compare Chinese 門齒／门齿 (ménchǐ, literally “gate tooth”).


vắt sữa

[vat̚˧˦ sɨə˦ˀ˥]

[vak̚˦˧˥ ʂɨə˧˨]

[vak̚˦˧˥ sɨə˧˨]

[vak̚˦˥ ʂɨə˨˩˦]

[jak̚˦˥ sɨə˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-vắt sữa.wav

to milk (to express milk from mammal; to draw from the breasts or udder; to masturbate a male to ejaculation)


dạ cỏ

[zaː˧˨ʔ kɔ˧˩]

[jaː˨˩ʔ kɔ˧˨]

[jaː˨˩˨ kɔ˨˩˦]


tiểu tràng

[tiəw˧˩ t͡ɕaːŋ˨˩]

[tiw˧˨ ʈaːŋ˦˩]

[tiw˨˩˦ ʈaːŋ˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-tiểu tràng.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 小腸, composed of 小 (“small”) and 腸 (“intestine”).

vi-etym-sino

(anatomy, chiefly alternative medicine) small intestine


ráy

head

ráy • (𤀕, ⿰土再)

vi-noun

ráy • (𤀕, ⿰土再)

– Ừa, nghe khoái con ráy rồi, mai mốt dẫn tụi tao đi coi chân cẳng họ nghe, mầy!

1970, Duyên Anh, Mặt trời nhỏ: Truyện dài [The little sun: a long novel], Saigon: Tuổi Ngọc, page 118:

– Ye, hearing it was a pleasure to our ear[hole]s, someday you need to take us go and watch those legs [of the soccer players] in action!

(Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) (con~) eardrum, earhole


noãn hoàng

[nwaːŋ˧˨ hwaːŋ˦˩]

[nwaːŋ˨˩˦ waːŋ˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 卵黃, composed of 卵 (“egg”) and 黃 (“yolk”), from Chinese 卵黃／卵黄 (luǎnhuáng)


đồng tử

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ tɨ˧˩]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˦˩ tɨ˧˨]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˨˩ tɨ˨˩˦]


giác mạc

[zaːk̚˧˦ maːk̚˧˨ʔ]

[jaːk̚˦˧˥ maːk̚˨˩ʔ]

[jaːk̚˦˥ maːk̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 角膜, composed of 角 (“horn”) and 膜 (“membrane”).


thuốc bắc

[tʰuək̚˧˦ ʔɓak̚˧˦]

[tʰuək̚˦˧˥ ʔɓak̚˦˧˥]

[tʰuək̚˦˥ ʔɓak̚˦˥]

thuốc (“medication”) + bắc (“north; Chinese”)

af

(traditional Chinese medicine) traditional Chinese medication


thuốc nam

[tʰuək̚˧˦ naːm˧˧]

[tʰuək̚˦˧˥ naːm˧˧]

[tʰuək̚˦˥ naːm˧˧]

thuốc (“medication”) + nam (“south; Vietnamese”).

(alternative medicine) traditional Vietnamese medication


lang băm

[laːŋ˧˧ ʔɓam˧˧]

[laːŋ˧˧ ʔɓam˧˧]

[laːŋ˧˧ ʔɓam˧˧]

(medicine, especially alternative medicine) a quack


thầy lang

[tʰəj˨˩ laːŋ˧˧]

[tʰəj˦˩ laːŋ˧˧]

[tʰəj˨˩ laːŋ˧˧]

(alternative medicine) a practitioner of traditional East Asian medicine


Đông y

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔi˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɪj˧˧]

[ʔɗəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɪj˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 東醫, composed of 東 (“east”) and 醫 (“medicine”)

vi-etym-sino

(alternative medicine) traditional East Asian medicine, especially that of China, Korea or Vietnam


Tây y

[təj˧˧ ʔi˧˧]

[təj˧˧ ʔɪj˧˧]

[təj˧˧ ʔɪj˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 西醫, composed of 西 (“west”) and 醫 (“medicine”).


đối ẩm

[ʔɗoj˧˦ ʔəm˧˩]

[ʔɗoj˨˩˦ ʔəm˧˨]

[ʔɗoj˦˥ ʔəm˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 對 (“to face”) and 飲 (“to drink”)

(rare) to drink alcohol or tea with someone


lục phủ

[lʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ fu˧˩]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ fʊw˧˨]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨ fʊw˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-lục phủ.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 六腑, composed of 六 (“six”) and 腑 (“viscera”).

(traditional Chinese medicine, anatomy) the six hollow principal internal organs in the trunk of the body, including vị (“stomach”), đảm (“gall bladder”), tiểu tràng (“small intestine”), đại tràng (“large intestine”), bàng quang (“urinary bladder”) and tam tiêu (“San Jiao”)


lục phủ ngũ tạng

[lʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ fu˧˩ ŋu˦ˀ˥ taːŋ˧˨ʔ]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ fʊw˧˨ ŋʊw˧˨ taːŋ˨˩ʔ]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨ fʊw˨˩˦ ŋʊw˨˩˦ taːŋ˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-lục phủ ngũ tạng.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 六腑 and 五臟, equivalent to lục phủ + ngũ tạng, from Chinese 五臟六腑／五脏六腑 (ngũ tạng lục phủ).

(traditional Chinese medicine, anatomy) the eleven principal internal organs in the trunk of the body; see lục phủ and ngũ tạng for more


râu ông nọ cắm cằm bà kia

[zəw˧˧ ʔəwŋ͡m˧˧ nɔ˧˨ʔ kam˧˦ kam˨˩ ʔɓaː˨˩ kiə˧˧]

[ʐəw˧˧ ʔəwŋ͡m˧˧ nɔ˨˩ʔ kam˦˧˥ kam˦˩ ʔɓaː˦˩ kiə˧˧]

[ɹəw˧˧ ʔəwŋ͡m˧˧ nɔ˨˩˨ kam˦˥ kam˨˩ ʔɓaː˨˩ kiə˧˧]

(literal) this gentleman's beard transplanted onto that lady's chin


bệnh nhi

[ʔɓəjŋ̟˧˨ʔ ɲi˧˧]

[ʔɓen˨˩ʔ ɲɪj˧˧]

[ʔɓəːn˨˩˨ ɲɪj˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 病兒, composed of 病 (“illness”) and 兒 (“child”).


biến chứng

[ʔɓiən˧˦ t͡ɕɨŋ˧˦]

[ʔɓiəŋ˦˧˥ t͡ɕɨŋ˦˧˥]

[ʔɓiəŋ˦˥ cɨŋ˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 變 (“change; transformation”) and 症 (“condition”).


kí sinh trùng học

[ki˧˦ sïŋ˧˧ t͡ɕʊwŋ͡m˨˩ hawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[kɪj˨˩˦ ʂɨn˧˧ ʈʊwŋ͡m˦˩ hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[kɪj˨˩˦ sɨn˧˧ ʈʊwŋ͡m˦˩ hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[kɪj˦˥ ʂɨn˧˧ ʈʊwŋ͡m˨˩ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨]

[kɪj˦˥ sɨn˧˧ ʈʊwŋ͡m˨˩ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨]


miễn dịch học

[miən˦ˀ˥ zïk̟̚˧˨ʔ hawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[miəŋ˧˨ jɨt̚˨˩ʔ hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[miəŋ˨˩˦ jɨt̚˨˩˨ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨]


cửa mình

[kɨə˧˩ mïŋ˨˩]

[kɨə˧˨ mɨn˦˩]

[kɨə˨˩˦ mɨn˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-cửa mình.wav

(informal) Synonym of âm hộ (“a vulva”, literally “yin door”)


hội chẩn

[hoj˧˨ʔ t͡ɕən˧˩]

[hoj˨˩ʔ t͡ɕəŋ˧˨]

[hoj˨˩˨ cəŋ˨˩˦]

(medicine) to hold a group or specialist consultation


vi phẫu

[vi˧˧ fəw˦ˀ˥]

[vɪj˧˧ fəw˧˨]

[vɪj˧˧ fəw˨˩˦]

[jɪj˧˧ fəw˨˩˦]


băng huyết

[ʔɓaŋ˧˧ hwiət̚˧˦]

[ʔɓaŋ˧˧ hwiək̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓaŋ˧˧ wiək̚˦˥]


ga-rô

[ɣaː˧˧ ɹo˧˧]

[ɣaː˧˧ zo˧˧]

[ɣaː˧˧ ɹow˧˧]

[ɣaː˧˧ ɹow˧˧]


ga-rô

[ɣaː˧˧ ɹo˧˧]

[ɣaː˧˧ zo˧˧]

[ɣaː˧˧ ɹow˧˧]

[ɣaː˧˧ ɹow˧˧]


sinh thiết

[sïŋ˧˧ tʰiət̚˧˦]

[ʂɨn˧˧ tʰiək̚˦˧˥]

[sɨn˧˧ tʰiək̚˦˧˥]

[ʂɨn˧˧ tʰiək̚˦˥]

[sɨn˧˧ tʰiək̚˦˥]


lông mao

[ləwŋ͡m˧˧ maːw˧˧]

[ləwŋ͡m˧˧ maːw˧˧]

[ləwŋ͡m˧˧ maːw˧˧]


viêm não Nhật Bản

[viəm˧˧ naːw˦ˀ˥ ɲət̚˧˨ʔ ʔɓaːn˧˩]

[viəm˧˧ naːw˧˨ ɲək̚˨˩ʔ ʔɓaːŋ˧˨]

[vim˧˧ naːw˨˩˦ ɲək̚˨˩˨ ʔɓaːŋ˨˩˦]

[jim˧˧ naːw˨˩˦ ɲək̚˨˩˨ ʔɓaːŋ˨˩˦]

viêm não (“encephalitis”) + Nhật Bản (“Japan”), calque of Japanese 日本脳炎 (Nihon nōen, Nhật Bổn não viêm).

cal

Japanese encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis