ga

From French gaz (“gas”), from Dutch gas.

bình ga

gas, such as propane and/or butane, used for a gas stove; compare khí (“gas as a chemical substance”)

Bật lửa này hết ga rồi.

xe bị rồ/oà ga

a motorcycle with a broken throttle that accelerates while the twistgrip is released

Nổ nãy giờ mà chẳng có ga gì hết !

I've been trying to start my bike for hours and it's still not working!

chạy tẹt ga

to step on it/on the gas; to floor it; to put your foot down; to run full throttle

(automotive) the ignited mixture of fuel and air that powers an engine; not to be confused with xăng (“gasoline”)


ga

Pronunciation spelling
pronunciation spelling

(Southern Vietnam, especially Mekong Delta) Pronunciation spelling of ra (“bed sheet”).


bia

Borrowed from French bière, from Middle Dutch bier.

bụng bia


mưa

cơn (classifier)
trận (classifier)
湄 (CJK)
𩄎 (CJK)
𩅹 (CJK)

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-mưa.wav

From Proto-Vietic *k-maː, from Proto-Austroasiatic *gmaːʔ. Cognate with Muong mưa, Chut [Rục] kumᵊaː², Khmu kmaʔ, Mang maː², Pear kʰmie, Mundari gama.


mưa

(trời) mưa


chè

1961: Nguyễn Huy Tưởng, Chapter 13, Sống mãi với Thủ Đô
Tất cả hoà hợp trong cái vui rối rít mà vẫn nhịp nhàng của những tranh, những câu đối, những bao hương, bao nến, bao chè, những bánh pháo, những hộp kẹo, hộp mứt, những chậu cá vàng.
Everything came together in the bustling yet harmonious joy of the paintings, the Chinese couplets, the bags of perfume, of chè, the firecrackers, the boxes of candy, of candied fruit, the goldfish bowls.

a thick, sweet dessert soup or pudding, often made with glutinous rice and/or beans


cà phê

head

cà phê • (咖啡)

vi-noun

cà phê • (咖啡)

Adapted from an earlier form trà phê (“coffee”) (Martini, 1958; Michaud et al., 2015), as attested in scholar Pétrus Ky's Cours d'annamite parlé [A course in spoken Annamese] (1894). This is a phono-semantic matching of French café (“coffee”), matching the first syllable with the existing Sino-Vietnamese word trà (“tea”); literally, this name could be interpreted as: “a kind of tea with the phê attribute” (whatever that attribute may mean).
Naming coffee as a type of tea acclimatises the new beverage, introducing it into a set that already included trà tàu (“Chinese tea (black tea)”), trà Huế (“Annamese tea (green tea)”), trà hoa (“camellia tea”), trà rừng (“three-seeded mercury (herbal) tea”), and so on (Martini, 1958; Michaud et al., 2015). An example is found in Cours d'annamite parlé:
:
anh uống trà-phe hay-là trà-tàu
Do you drink coffee [the phe tea] or tea [the Chinese tea]?
Later on, the form trà phê underwent re-foreignisation, influenced by French-speaking Vietnamese who pronounce French café as ‹ca phê› (Michaud et al., 2015). A hybrid form of cà phê emerged as a consequence, retaining the original /k/ in the donor language and the tone of trà, and this form eventually became the standard (Nguyễn, 1999).
An alternative theory for the unexpected tone on cà was put forth by Emeneau (1951: 4, 158), who tentatively proposed that it was due to association with cà (“eggplant”), in a fashion similar to cà rốt (“carrot”). However, this is now deemed to be very unlikely.
Compare phê (“high; intoxicated”), as well as Cantonese 咖啡 (gaa3 fe1, also with a lower tone on the first syllable).

ux

Do you drink coffee 􂀿the phe tea􂁀 or tea 􂀿the Chinese tea􂁀?

cog

cà phê có liền

cà phê dùng ngay

cà phê hòa tan

cà phê nồi

máy xay cà phê

tiệm cà phê

quán cà phê

coffee shop; coffee bar; coffee house; café


nước

head

nước • (渃, 𫭔, 匿)

vi-noun

nước • (渃, 𫭔, 匿)

From Proto-Vietic *ɗaːk (“water”), from Proto-Austroasiatic *ɗaːkˀ. Cognates with Nghệ An/Hà Tĩnh dialects nác, Muong đác, Khmer ទឹក (tik), Bahnar đak, Eastern Mnong dak, Central Nicobarese râk/dâk and Santali ᱫᱟᱜ (dak’).
Attested in Annan Jishi (安南即事, 13th century) as 掠 (MC ljak) (modern SV: lược), indicating that the scribe was a speaker of an early Mandarin form with n-/l- merger/switch. Attested as nước in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).

Vua hỏi: tay bẩn thì lấy nước để rửa, rứa nước bẩn lấy chi mà rửa? Ông quan thị vệ hoảng hốt, không biết trả lời thế nào. Vua liền nhấn giọng: “Nước bẩn thì lấy máu mà rửa!”.

2016 June 15, “Nước bẩn lấy máu mà rửa!”, in Tuổi Trẻ Online:

The emperor (Duy Tân) asked: “If your hands are dirty, you would wash them with water. But if the water (= country) is dirty, what would you wash it with?” The flustered court officials could not answer. The emperor then raised his voice: “If the water / country is dirty, you should wash it with blood!”


sữa

From Proto-Vietic *p-rah. Cognate with Muong khã, Nguôn [Cổ Liêm] rả.
Attested in Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經) as ⿰呂巴, composed of 巴 (MC pae) + 呂 (MC ljoX) (modern SV: ba lã), ⿰呂巨, composed of 巨 (MC gjoX) + 呂 (MC ljoX) (modern SV: cự lã) and 呂 (MC ljoX) (modern SV: lã).

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-sữa.wav

sữa bò

sữa bột

sữa chua

Sữa mẹ là nguồn dinh dưỡng tốt nhất cho sự phát triển của trẻ sơ sinh và trẻ nhỏ.

Mothers' milk is the optimal nutrient for their newborns' and/or infants' development.

milk (white liquid produced by the mammary glands of female mammals to nourish their young)


sữa

From etym 1. Semantically, compare English milkwood, so called because of its milky sap.

Alstonia scholaris
Alstonia scholaris#Translingual


cà phê sữa đá

head

cà phê sữa đá

cà phê sữa đá

[kaː˨˩ fe˧˧ sɨə˦ˀ˥ ʔɗaː˧˦]

[kaː˦˩ fej˧˧ ʂɨə˧˨ ʔɗaː˨˩˦]

[kaː˦˩ fej˧˧ sɨə˧˨ ʔɗaː˨˩˦]

[kaː˨˩ fej˧˧ ʂɨə˨˩˦ ʔɗaː˦˥]

[kaː˨˩ fej˧˧ sɨə˨˩˦ ʔɗaː˦˥]

cà phê (“coffee”) + sữa (“milk”) + đá (“ice”, short for nước đá)

compound

short for <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">nước đá</i>

a Vietnamese coffee drink made with brewed coffee, sweetened condensed milk, and ice


tuyết

[t⁽ʷ⁾iək̚˦˥]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-tuyết.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 雪. Doublet of toát (as in trắng toát).

Để được bay mãi lên thiên đường, / Một thiên đường tuyết rơi.

2004, Toàn Thắng (lyrics and music), “Cô bé mùa đông [The Winter Girl]”:

So I could ascend all the way to heaven, / A snowy heaven.


sinh tố

[sïŋ˧˧ to˧˦]

[ʂɨn˧˧ tow˨˩˦]

[ʂɨn˧˧ tow˦˥]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 生素, composed of 生 (“life”) and 素 (“element”), from Chinese 維生素 /维生素 (duy sinh tố, literally “life-sustaining element”).


xá xị

[saː˧˦ si˧˨ʔ]

[saː˨˩˦ sɪj˨˩ʔ]

[saː˦˥ sɪj˨˩˨]

From Sarsi, a sarsaparilla-flavored soft drink produced in Taiwan and Southeast Asian nations.


uýt-ki

[ʔwɨt̚˦˧˥ kɪj˧˧]

[(ʔ)wɨt̚˦˥ kɪj˧˧]


sâm panh

[səm˧˧ pajŋ̟˧˧]

[səm˧˧ ʔɓajŋ̟˧˧]

[ʂəm˧˧ pɛɲ˧˧]

[səm˧˧ pɛɲ˧˧]

[ʂəm˧˧ ʔɓɛɲ˧˧]

[səm˧˧ ʔɓɛɲ˧˧]

[ʂəm˧˧ pan˧˧]

[ʂəm˧˧ ʔɓan˧˧]

[səm˧˧ ʔɓan˧˧]


rượu

head

rượu • (酒, 溜, 𨢇, 𤄍)

vi-noun

rượu • (酒, 溜, 𨢇, 𤄍)

From Proto-Vietic *raːwʔ. Cognate with Muong Bi rão, Tho [Cuối Chăm] riɛw⁴, Proto-Pong *riɛw⁴. This word is only attested in the more innovative subgroups (Viet-Muong, Tho, Pong), while the more conservative subgroups such as Chutic inheriting reflexes of *p-ɗoː (originally "yeast", cf. Khmu [Cuang] pdoʔ ("yeast")) or some other words.
Considering the paucity of cognates, the lack of indication of semantic shift from earlier meaning and that it is a cultural item, this is probably ultimately a loanword, although the origin is not yet clear. However, compare Proto-Tai *ʰlawꟲ (whence Thai เหล้า (lâo)), as well as these Sino-Tibetan words: Chinese 醪 (OC *ruːw, “alcohol with dregs”) (ZS),Tibetan རུ་མ (ru ma, “curdled milk”), and Jingpho ru (“liquor”).
This is not a cognate nor descendant of Chinese 酒 (OC *tsuʔ) (B-S). As indicated by reflexes in other Vietic languages, Vietnamese ‹r-› is inherited and is not the result of spirantization.


nước bọt

[nɨək̚˧˦ ʔɓɔt̚˧˨ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ ʔɓɔk̚˨˩ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˥ ʔɓɔk̚˨˩˨]

(rather formal) saliva (liquid secreted into the mouth)


bãi biển

[ʔɓaːj˦ˀ˥ ʔɓiən˧˩]

[ʔɓaːj˧˨ ʔɓiəŋ˧˨]

[ʔɓaːj˨˩˦ ʔɓiəŋ˨˩˦]


máu

head

泖, 𧖱, 𧖰, 卯, 毛

vi-noun

泖, 𧖱, 𧖰, 卯, 毛

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-máu.wav

From Proto-Vietic *t-muːʔ (“sap”).
For the semantic development, compare Albanian gjak, Javanese getih, Tagalog dugô, all mean "blood". See also máu mủ.


cốc tai

[kəwk͡p̚˦˧˥ taːj˧˧]

From English cocktail or French cocktail.


nấu

head

𤒛, 𤍇, 耨, 𤋷, 惱, 搙

vi-verb

𤒛, 𤍇, 耨, 𤋷, 惱, 搙

𤒛 (CJK)
𤍇 (CJK)
耨 (CJK)
𤋷 (CJK)
惱 (CJK)
搙 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *ɗoːʔ. Cognate with Tho [Cuối Chăm] dɔː³.

nấu cơm


mật

From Proto-Mon-Khmer *kmət ~ *k(p)mat (“gall”). Cognate with Chut [Rục] mɨt⁸, Semai kemat (“gall bladder”), Bahnar kơmăt/kơmơ̆t (“gall bladder”), Pacoh mít and Khmer ប្រមាត់ (prɑɑmŏət).

cog

Khmer ប្រមាត់ (prɑɑmŏət)


sôi

head

㵢, 炊, 熣, 𢐝, 𤉚, 𤐝

vi-adj

㵢, 炊, 熣, 𢐝, 𤉚, 𤐝

㵢 (CJK)
炊 (CJK)
熣 (CJK)
𢐝 (CJK)
𤉚 (CJK)
𤐝 (CJK)

From Proto-Vietic *t-ruːj ~ *t-ruːs/*k-luːs. Probably related to sủi (“to bubble”).

nước sôi


huyết

Sino-Vietnamese word from 血 (“blood”).
For a parallel where a Sino-Vietnamese item acquires cookery denotation, see bì (“skin as food”) (vs. native da (“skin”)). For a reverse case, compare Sino-Vietnamese não vs. native óc.

Bún riêu thì phải có huyết.

Bún riêu is supposed to have blood curd (in it).


phin

cà phê phin


trà

Sino-Vietnamese word from 茶. Doublet of lá and chè.

chén uống trà

(Southern Vietnam, Northern Vietnam) tea


tinh dịch

[tïŋ˧˧ zïk̟̚˧˨ʔ]

[tɨn˧˧ jɨt̚˨˩ʔ]

[tɨn˧˧ jɨt̚˨˩˨]


sữa đặc

[sɨə˦ˀ˥ ʔɗak̚˧˨ʔ]

[ʂɨə˧˨ ʔɗak̚˨˩ʔ]

[sɨə˧˨ ʔɗak̚˨˩ʔ]

[ʂɨə˨˩˦ ʔɗak̚˨˩˨]

[sɨə˨˩˦ ʔɗak̚˨˩˨]


trà trân châu

[t͡ɕaː˨˩ t͡ɕən˧˧ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[ʈaː˦˩ ʈəŋ˧˧ t͡ɕəw˧˧]

[ʈaː˨˩ ʈəŋ˧˧ cəw˧˧]


lệ

Sino-Vietnamese word from 淚. Compare luỵ.

giọt lệ

♂: Lệ hoen ướt khóe mi cay.
Trong lòng anh vẫn luôn chung tình,
Chờ ngày mai, ánh nắng lên xua tan băng giá.

(Can we date this quote?), Minh Khang (lyrics and music), “Lời nguyền [The Oath]”:

♂: Tears wetted the hot corners of my lids.
I've always remained fully devoted,
Waiting for tomorrow, when sunshine will thaw out this frosty ice.

♂: Giờ chia li, em quay đi, che giấu bờ mi lệ rơi.
Ta xa nhau, mong đến một ngày gặp lại.
Giờ chia li, anh xa em, nhưng sẽ nhớ em người ơi !
Trái tim anh, trái tim em không rời xa !

(Can we date this quote?), Nguyễn Văn Chung (lyrics and music), “Mùa đông không lạnh [Winter Doesn't Seem Cold]”:

♂: When we said goodbye, you turned away, hiding your tears.
We're apart, longing for the day we reunite.
After we said goodbye, I'm far away from you, but I won't forget you!
Our hearts will never be apart!

♂: Rồi ngày vui qua đi, đường dài chia li, lệ vương trên mi.
Giờ thì em đâu vui chi, giờ thì mình anh suy nghĩ.
Anh biết rồi ngày lại đến, ngày lặng lẽ đôi bên.
Anh biết tình mình đã hết và anh sẽ không quên.

(Can we date this quote?), Nguyễn Hải Phong (lyrics and music), “Đôi mắt [Your Eyes]”:

♂: And so the happy days passed, we're on separate paths, tears linger in your eyes.
Now you're no longer happy, now I'm alone with my thoughts.
I knew the day would come, the day we stopped talking.
I knew our love would end and I would never forget it.

(literary) tears (drop of clear salty liquid from the eyes)


hồng trà

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ t͡ɕaː˨˩]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ ʈaː˦˩]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ ʈaː˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 紅茶, composed of 紅 (“pink, red”) and 茶 (“tea”).


mực

vi-noun

(classifier con (“inkfish → squid”)) mực • (墨, 䘃, 𧞾)

con (classifier)
墨 (CJK)
䘃 (CJK)
𧞾 (CJK)

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 墨 (“ink”, SV: mặc). Doublet of mức. Cognate with Muong Bi mâc, Khmer មឹក (mɨk), Lao ໝຶກ (mưk), Thai หมึก (mʉ̀k).
Clipping of cá mực results in sense "inkfish", whence also sense "squid" by semantic narrowing.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">mặc</i>


mưa đá

[mɨə˧˧ ʔɗaː˧˦]

[mɨə˧˧ ʔɗaː˨˩˦]

[mɨə˧˧ ʔɗaː˦˥]


Thuỷ Bình

[tʰwi˧˩ ʔɓïŋ˨˩]

[tʰwɪj˧˨ ʔɓɨn˦˩]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ ʔɓɨn˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-Thuỷ Bình.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 水瓶 (“water vase”).

(astrology, astronomy) Synonym of Bảo Bình (“Aquarius”)


thuỷ văn học

[tʰwɪj˧˨ vaŋ˧˧ hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ vaŋ˧˧ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ jaŋ˧˧ hawk͡p̚˨˩˨]


thuỷ ngân

[tʰwi˧˩ ŋən˧˧]

[tʰwɪj˧˨ ŋəŋ˧˧]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ ŋəŋ˧˧]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 水銀, composed of 水 (“water”) and 銀 (“silver”), from Chinese 水銀 /水银 (shuǐyín).


kem dâu

[kɛm˧˧ zəw˧˧]

[kɛm˧˧ jəw˧˧]

[kɛm˧˧ jəw˧˧]


người tuyết

[ŋɨəj˨˩ twiət̚˧˦]

[ŋɨj˦˩ twiək̚˦˧˥]

[ŋɨj˨˩ t⁽ʷ⁾iək̚˦˥]


trà đạo

[t͡ɕaː˨˩ ʔɗaːw˧˨ʔ]

[ʈaː˦˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩ʔ]

[ʈaː˨˩ ʔɗaːw˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 茶道, composed of 茶 (“tea”) and 道 (“way; discipline”), from Japanese 茶道 (sadō, chadō)


mưa phùn

[mɨə˧˧ fun˨˩]

[mɨə˧˧ fun˦˩]

[mɨə˧˧ fʊwŋ͡m˨˩]


huyết thanh

[hwiət̚˧˦ tʰajŋ̟˧˧]

[hwiək̚˦˧˥ tʰɛɲ˧˧]

serum (yellowish fluid obtained from blood)


sông băng

[səwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˧˧]

[ʂəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˧˧]

[səwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˧˧]

[ʂəwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˧˧]

[səwŋ͡m˧˧ ʔɓaŋ˧˧]


thác

vi-noun

(classifier cái, con, ngọn) thác • (𣴜, 󰋰)

cái (classifier)
con (classifier)
ngọn (classifier)
𣴜 (CJK)


nước miếng

[nɨək̚˧˦ miəŋ˧˦]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ miəŋ˦˧˥]

[nɨək̚˦˥ miəŋ˦˥]

From nước (“water”) + miệng (“mouth”). The nặng tone in miệng has become the sắc tone due to assimilation with nước. Cognate with Muong Bi đác mẽnh (“saliva”).
Compare Chinese 口水 (kǒushuǐ, literally “mouth water”).


nước ngọt

[nɨək̚˧˦ ŋɔt̚˧˨ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ ŋɔk̚˨˩ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˥ ŋɔk̚˨˩˨]


dung môi

Sino-Vietnamese word from 溶媒, composed of 溶 (“to dissolve”) and 媒 (“medium”), from Japanese 溶媒 (yōbai).


nước sôi

[nɨək̚˧˦ soj˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ ʂoj˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ soj˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˥ ʂoj˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˥ soj˧˧]

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see nước, sôi.


trà đá

[t͡ɕaː˨˩ ʔɗaː˧˦]

[ʈaː˦˩ ʔɗaː˨˩˦]

[ʈaː˨˩ ʔɗaː˦˥]


trà sữa

[t͡ɕaː˨˩ sɨə˦ˀ˥]

[ʈaː˦˩ ʂɨə˧˨]

[ʈaː˦˩ sɨə˧˨]

[ʈaː˨˩ ʂɨə˨˩˦]

[ʈaː˨˩ sɨə˨˩˦]


cà phê trứng

[kaː˨˩ fe˧˧ t͡ɕɨŋ˧˦]

[kaː˦˩ fej˧˧ ʈɨŋ˦˧˥]

[kaː˨˩ fej˧˧ ʈɨŋ˦˥]


rả rích

[zaː˧˩ zïk̟̚˧˦]

[ʐaː˧˨ ʐɨt̚˦˧˥]

[ɹaː˨˩˦ ɹɨt̚˦˥]

Trời mưa rả rích cả ngày.


lâm râm

[ləm˧˧ zəm˧˧]

[ləm˧˧ ʐəm˧˧]

[ləm˧˧ ɹəm˧˧]


lớt phớt

[ləːt̚˧˦ fəːt̚˧˦]

[ləːk̚˦˧˥ fəːk̚˦˧˥]

[ləːk̚˦˥ fəːk̚˦˥]


thuỷ điện

[tʰwi˧˩ ʔɗiən˧˨ʔ]

[tʰwɪj˧˨ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ ʔɗiəŋ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 水電, composed of 水 (“water”) and 電 (“electricity”).


vắt sữa

[vat̚˧˦ sɨə˦ˀ˥]

[vak̚˦˧˥ ʂɨə˧˨]

[vak̚˦˧˥ sɨə˧˨]

[vak̚˦˥ ʂɨə˨˩˦]

[jak̚˦˥ sɨə˨˩˦]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-vắt sữa.wav

to milk (to express milk from mammal; to draw from the breasts or udder; to masturbate a male to ejaculation)


đối ẩm

[ʔɗoj˧˦ ʔəm˧˩]

[ʔɗoj˨˩˦ ʔəm˧˨]

[ʔɗoj˦˥ ʔəm˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 對 (“to face”) and 飲 (“to drink”)

(rare) to drink alcohol or tea with someone


nước lã

[nɨək̚˧˦ laː˦ˀ˥]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ laː˧˨]

[nɨək̚˦˥ laː˨˩˦]

Perhaps from nước + lã, with lã deriving from Chinese 冷 (lãnh, “cold”). Compare nước lạnh (“cold water; unboiled water”).

Đừng uống nước lã kẻo đau bụng.

Don't drink unboiled water, you'll upset your stomach.


mạt trà

[maːt̚˧˨ʔ t͡ɕaː˨˩]

[maːk̚˨˩ʔ ʈaː˦˩]

[maːk̚˨˩˨ ʈaː˨˩]


đái ra quần

[ʔɗaːj˧˦ zaː˧˧ kwən˨˩]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˦ ʐaː˧˧ kwəŋ˦˩]

[ʔɗaːj˦˥ ɹaː˧˧ wəŋ˨˩]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-đái ra quần.wav

(informal) to piss one's pants, especially because of fright


đại tiểu tiện

[ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ tiəw˧˩ tiən˧˨ʔ]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩ʔ tiw˧˨ tiəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[ʔɗaːj˨˩˨ tiw˨˩˦ tiəŋ˨˩˨]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-đại tiểu tiện.wav

Sino-Vietnamese word from 大小便, composed of 大 (“large”), 小 (“small”) and 便 (“waste”), blend of đại tiện (“to defecate”) + tiểu tiện (“to urinate”).


nước dãi

[nɨək̚˧˦ zaːj˦ˀ˥]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ jaːj˧˨]

[nɨək̚˦˥ jaːj˨˩˦]


bò húc

[ʔɓɔ˨˩ hʊwk͡p̚˧˦]

[ʔɓɔ˦˩ hʊwk͡p̚˦˧˥]

[ʔɓɔ˨˩ hʊwk͡p̚˦˥]

- Vậy cho cháu hai lon Bò Húc!
Huy nhìn tôi không chớp mắt, còn tôi cười hì hì giải thích.
Tớ nghĩ đi nghĩ lại thì, nên uống Bò Húc vẫn hơn. Chiều còn dạy mấy em lớp dưới chơi đàn.

2016, Kio, Chuyện của Ju và Ki [The Story of Ju and Ki], Nhà xuất bản Văn học:

"I'd like two Red Bulls, please!"
Huy looked at me unblinkingly, and I explained to him smilingly.
"I changed my mind, Red Bull's better. I'll be teaching the guitar to some of the underclassmen this afternoon."


nước ngọt có ga

[nɨək̚˧˦ ŋɔt̚˧˨ʔ kɔ˧˦ ɣaː˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ ŋɔk̚˨˩ʔ kɔ˨˩˦ ɣaː˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˥ ŋɔk̚˨˩˨ kɔ˦˥ ɣaː˧˧]

nước ngọt (“sweet drink”) + có (“having, possessing”) + ga (“gas, carbon dioxide”).


dầm dề

Còn lại những giọt nước mồ côi uể oải gõ vào những tấm tăng báo hiệu sắp dứt cái giai điệu dầm dề suốt một ngày một đêm qua.

1978, Chu Lai, chapter 2, in Nắng đồng bằng, NXB Quân đội Nhân dân:

Just a couple of lonely drops tiredly knocking on the tent were left, signalling the imminent end of the interminable melody that had gone on for a day and a night.


nước lạnh

[nɨək̚˧˦ lajŋ̟˧˨ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ lɛɲ˨˩ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˥ lan˨˩˨]

Trong khoang xe EcoSport hoàn toàn mới có 20 chỗ chứa đồ rất tiện dụng, bao gồm ngăn chứa đồ có thể đựng được đến 6 lon nước lạnh.

2016 September 16, “Ford ‘trình làng’ phiên bản xe thể thao đặc biệt EcoSport Titanium”, in Tạp chí Tài chính, Hanoi, retrieved 2022-08-05:

Inside the all-new EcoSport’s interior, there are 20 very useful compartments, including trays that can hold up to six beverage cans.

any beverage typically served cold, especially juice or soft drink

(dated, Southern Vietnam) unboiled water


nước mặn

[nɨək̚˧˦ man˧˨ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ maŋ˨˩ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˥ maŋ˨˩˨]


lục trà

[lʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ t͡ɕaː˨˩]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ ʈaː˦˩]

[lʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨ ʈaː˨˩]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 綠茶, composed of 綠 (“green”) and 茶 (“tea”).


trà đen

[t͡ɕaː˨˩ ʔɗɛn˧˧]

[ʈaː˦˩ ʔɗɛŋ˧˧]

[ʈaː˨˩ ʔɗɛŋ˧˧]


trà xanh

[t͡ɕaː˨˩ sajŋ̟˧˧]

[ʈaː˦˩ sɛɲ˧˧]

[ʈaː˨˩ san˧˧]


nước tăng lực

[nɨək̚˧˦ taŋ˧˧ lɨk̚˧˨ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ taŋ˧˧ lɨk̚˨˩ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˥ taŋ˧˧ lɨk̚˨˩˨]

nước (“drink”) + tăng (“增, to boost”) + lực (“力, power”).

af

an energy drink (a kind of highly caffeinated beverage)


mưa rào

[mɨə˧˧ zaːw˨˩]

[mɨə˧˧ ʐaːw˦˩]

[mɨə˧˧ ɹaːw˨˩]


mưa ngâu

[mɨə˧˧ ŋəw˧˧]

[mɨə˧˧ ŋəw˧˧]

[mɨə˧˧ ŋəw˧˧]

mưa (“rain”) + ngâu (“the beginning of the seventh lunar month”).

com

sudden and brief shower (in the seventh lunar month)


nước biển

[nɨək̚˧˦ ʔɓiən˧˩]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ ʔɓiəŋ˧˨]

[nɨək̚˦˥ ʔɓiəŋ˨˩˦]


nước có ga

[nɨək̚˧˦ kɔ˧˦ ɣaː˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ kɔ˨˩˦ ɣaː˧˧]

[nɨək̚˦˥ kɔ˦˥ ɣaː˧˧]

nước (“water”) + có (“having, possessing”) + ga (“gas, carbon dioxide”).

compound

Tôi không nghĩ họ có nước có ga ở đây.

I don't think they have sparkling water here.


chanh muối

[t͡ɕajŋ̟˧˧ muəj˧˦]

[t͡ɕɛɲ˧˧ muj˨˩˦]

chanh (“lemon, lime”) + muối (“pickled”).

the beverage made of this ingredient; salty lemonade, salty limeade


đá chanh

[ʔɗaː˧˦ t͡ɕajŋ̟˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˨˩˦ t͡ɕɛɲ˧˧]

[ʔɗaː˦˥ can˧˧]

đá (“ice cube”) + chanh (“lemon, lime”).

lemonade (flavored beverage consisting of water, lemon, and sweetener)

lemonade (clear, carbonated beverage made from lemon)


sữa đậu nành

[sɨə˦ˀ˥ ʔɗəw˧˨ʔ najŋ̟˨˩]

[ʂɨə˧˨ ʔɗəw˨˩ʔ nɛɲ˦˩]

[sɨə˧˨ ʔɗəw˨˩ʔ nɛɲ˦˩]

[ʂɨə˨˩˦ ʔɗəw˨˩˨ nan˨˩]

[sɨə˨˩˦ ʔɗəw˨˩˨ nan˨˩]


dầu xăng

[zəw˨˩ saŋ˧˧]

[jəw˦˩ saŋ˧˧]

[jəw˨˩ saŋ˧˧]

dầu (“oil”) + xăng (“gasoline; petrol”).


rượu đế

[ziəw˧˨ʔ ʔɗe˧˦]

[ʐɨəw˨˩ʔ ʔɗej˨˩˦]

[ɹɨəw˨˩˨ ʔɗej˦˥]

rượu (“wine, liquor, drink, alcohol”) + đế (“kans grass”). Originated during the early period of French colonization of Vietnam, were the government allowed only one type of alcoholic beverage for consumption. Unsatisfied with that condition, the Vietnamese resorted to distilling their own liquor and hid it behind tall grass called cỏ tranh (cogon grass), or another kind of grass called đế (kans grass).

com

(Southern Vietnam) a distilled liquor from Vietnam, made of either glutinous or non-glutinous rice


bình cũ rượu mới

(figurative) old form, new content; the new, revised content is still conveyed with the old, familiar form, wording or literary devices


sữa tươi

[sɨə˦ˀ˥ tɨəj˧˧]

[ʂɨə˧˨ tɨj˧˧]

[sɨə˧˨ tɨj˧˧]

[ʂɨə˨˩˦ tɨj˧˧]

[sɨə˨˩˦ tɨj˧˧]


nước suối

[nɨək̚˧˦ suəj˧˦]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ ʂuj˨˩˦]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ suj˨˩˦]

[nɨək̚˦˥ ʂuj˦˥]

[nɨək̚˦˥ suj˦˥]

nước (“water”) + suối (“spring”).
The extension to "bottled water" is likely due to bottled water being advertised as being "natural". Compare English springwater.


nước lọc

[nɨək̚˧˦ lawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˧˥ lawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]

[nɨək̚˦˥ lawk͡p̚˨˩˨]

nước (“water”) + lọc (“to filter, to purify”).


thuỷ văn

[tʰwɪj˧˨ vaŋ˧˧]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ vaŋ˧˧]

[tʰ⁽ʷ⁾ɪj˨˩˦ jaŋ˧˧]


trà bơ

[t͡ɕaː˨˩ ʔɓəː˧˧]

[ʈaː˦˩ ʔɓəː˧˧]

[ʈaː˨˩ ʔɓəː˧˧]

28/04/2015, Nguyên Thảo, Tụi con còn sống giữa động đất Nepal, Thanh Niên Online

The butter tea spilled on the steps made few people tumble down, I ran out and luckily I wasn't injured.

Trà bơ đổ tràn trên bật thềm làm vài người ngã lăn lốc, tôi chạy thoát ra ngoài mà may mắn không bị thương.


phụ lưu

[fʊw˨˩ʔ lɨw˧˧]

[fʊw˨˩˨ lɨw˧˧]


lưu lượng

[liw˧˧ lɨəŋ˧˨ʔ]

[lɨw˧˧ lɨəŋ˨˩ʔ]

[lɨw˧˧ lɨəŋ˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 流量, composed of 流 (“the flow”) and 量 (“the amount”).

vi-etym-sino

Sông Amazon là con sông có lưu lượng dòng chảy lớn nhất.

The Amazon River has the highest water discharge of all rivers.

(physics, hydrology) flow rate; discharge