馬

chữ Hán form of mã (“(xiangqi, chess) a knight; any piece labeled with 馬 (black)”).


午

ngọ (Hán-Nôm)
ngỏ (Hán-Nôm)
ngõ (Hán-Nôm)

chữ Hán form of Ngọ (“seventh of the twelve earthly branches”).


騾

chữ Nôm form of la (“a horse-donkey hybrid; a mule or a hinny”).


la

bị vợ la

(Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) to reprimand, to scold


la

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 騾 (“mule”, SV: loa).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">loa</i>

vi-etym-sino

a horse–donkey hybrid; a mule or a hinny


hí

head

hí • (咥, 唏, 嘻)

vi-int

hí • (咥, 唏, 嘻)


hí

head

hí • (咥, 唏, 嘻)

vi-verb

hí • (咥, 唏, 嘻)


ô

The name of the Latin-script letter Ô/ô.


ô

The name of the Latin-script letter O/o.


ô

Khớp con ngựa ngựa ô. / Ngựa ô anh khớp, anh khớp cái kiệu vàng

(Can we date this quote?), “Lí ngựa ô [Ballad of the Black Horse]”:

Bridling a black horse. / The black horse he bridled, he bridled with a golden litter.

Khớp ! Khớp ! Khớp ! Khớp con ngựa ô, ngựa ô, ngựa ô!

(Can we date this quote?), Trần Tiến (lyrics and music), “Ngựa ô thương nhớ [Black Horse of Longing]”:

Bridle! Bridle! Bridle the black horse! The black horse! The black horse!


ô

ô trống

a blank (space to be filled in on a form or template)


mã

1915: Phan Kế Bính, "Tang ma" [Obsequies], Việt Nam phong tục [Vietnamese customs]

Some households burn joss paper at the house, while others burn it at the temple.

Nhà thì đốt mã tại gia, nhà thì đốt mã tại chùa.

đốt mã


鴻毛

(mythology) one of the nine groups of hair of the mane of the horse that Sơn Tinh offered the reigning Hùng king to propose to his princess


lừa

head

嚧, 𡃖, 𢗼, 𢥈, 𬐸

vi-verb

嚧, 𡃖, 𢗼, 𢥈, 𬐸

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 濾 (“to filter, to strain out”, SV: lự).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">lự</i>

vi-etym-sino

lừa banh ~ lừa bóng

Ngồi buồn nhớ mẹ ta xưa,
Miệng nhai cơm búng, lưỡi lừa cá xương
I sit gloomy, missing my mother of old,
Her mouth prechewing rice into boli, her tongue picking out fish bones.


ngựa

con (classifier)
thớt (classifier)
馭 (CJK)

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-ngựa.wav

From Proto-Vietic *m-ŋəːʔ. See also Chinese 午 (wǔ, “7th earthly branch; horse in the Chinese zodiac”).
The adjectival sense "sexually promiscuous, lecherous" (whence sense "appearance-obsessed, ostentatious") originates from the comparison of sexually promiscuous, lecherous people, especially women, to horses, as seen in - for instances: Đại Nam quấc âm tự vị, Dictionnaire Annamite-Français (1898), the Huế's idiom "rượn như ngựa Thượng Tứ ('to rut like imperial horses')", which is used to mock women and girls who are deemed "rotten, of loose morals".

zh-l

(colloquial) Short for sức ngựa (“horsepower”).


ngựa vằn

[ŋɨə˧˨ʔ van˨˩]

[ŋɨə˨˩ʔ vaŋ˦˩]

[ŋɨə˨˩˨ vaŋ˨˩]

[ŋɨə˨˩˨ jaŋ˨˩]


cương

Audio (Hà Nội)


Ngọ

Sino-Vietnamese word from 午. Regular reading should be Ngỗ; compare regular reading ngỗ of 仵 (MC nguX), homophone of 午 (MC nguX) in Middle Chinese.
Cognate with Northern Thai ᩈᨦ᩶ᩣ, Lü ᦉᦇ (ṡng), Isan ชะง้า, Lao ສະງ້າ (sa ngā).

the seventh earthly branch represented by the Horse


mã lực

[maː˦ˀ˥ lɨk̚˧˨ʔ]

[maː˧˨ lɨk̚˨˩ʔ]

[maː˨˩˦ lɨk̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 馬力, composed of 馬 (“horse”) and 力 (“power”).


bờm

Perhaps from a folktale of a silly, clumsy boy named "Bờm", who was offered many valuable things in exchange for his fan, but refused them all and only accepted a handful of sticky rice. This tale is usually expressed in poetic form.
Thằng Bờm có cái quạt mo
Phú ông xin đổi ba bò chín trâu
Bờm rằng Bờm chẳng lấy trâu
Phú ông xin đổi một xâu cá mè
Bờm rằng Bờm chẳng lấy mè
Phú ông xin đổi một bè gỗ lim
Bờm rằng Bờm chẳng lấy lim
Phú ông xin đổi con chim đồi mồi
Bờm rằng Bờm chẳng lấy mồi
Phú ông xin đổi nắm xôi, Bờm cười.
: Bờm-boy'd got a spathe fan
: Rich man asked for it for three zebus and nine buffaloes
: Bờm said Bờm wanted no buffaloes
: Rich man asked for it for a string of barbs
: Bờm said Bờm wanted no barbs
: Rich man asked for it for a raft made of ge mu
: Bờm said Bờm wanted no ge mu
: Rich man asked for it for a bird statue made of the shell of a turtle
: Bờm said Bờm wanted no turtle
: Rich man asked for it for a handful of sticky rice, and Bờm smiled.

(colloquial, humorous) silly and lacking in common sense


thớt

vi-noun

(classifier cái, chiếc) thớt • (橽, 𣐆, 𣘄)

cái (classifier)
chiếc (classifier)
橽 (CJK)
𣐆 (CJK)
𣘄 (CJK)


hồng mao

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ maːw˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˦˩ maːw˧˧]

[həwŋ͡m˨˩ maːw˧˧]

voi chín ngà, gà chín cựa, ngựa chín hồng mao

an elephant with nine tusks, a rooster with nine spurs, a horse with nine groups of mane hair


tuấn mã

[twən˧˦ maː˦ˀ˥]

[twəŋ˦˧˥ maː˧˨]

[t⁽ʷ⁾əŋ˦˥ maː˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 駿馬, composed of 駿 (“excellent horse”) and 馬 (“horse”).

vi-etym-sino

(literary) excellent horse, prized horse


ngũ mã phanh thây

[ŋu˦ˀ˥ maː˦ˀ˥ fajŋ̟˧˧ tʰəj˧˧]

[ŋʊw˧˨ maː˧˨ fɛɲ˧˧ tʰəj˧˧]

[ŋʊw˨˩˦ maː˨˩˦ fan˧˧ tʰəj˧˧]

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-ngũ mã phanh thây.wav

Partial calque of Chinese 五馬分屍 /五马分尸 (ngũ mã phân thi), but with the substitution of phân (分) with the etymologically unrelated phanh through phono-semantic matching.

pcal

(historical) dismemberment with five horses


một con ngựa đau, cả tàu bỏ cỏ

(literal) when a single horse falls ill, the whole stable stops eating


nhảy ngựa

[ɲaj˧˩ ŋɨə˧˨ʔ]

[ɲaj˧˨ ŋɨə˨˩ʔ]

[ɲa(ː)j˨˩˦ ŋɨə˨˩˨]

nhảy (“to jump/leap/vault”) + ngựa (“horse”).


nhảy ngựa

[ɲaj˧˩ ŋɨə˧˨ʔ]

[ɲaj˧˨ ŋɨə˨˩ʔ]

[ɲa(ː)j˨˩˦ ŋɨə˨˩˨]


thắng đái

[tʰaŋ˧˦ ʔɗaːj˧˦]

[tʰaŋ˦˧˥ ʔɗaːj˨˩˦]

[tʰaŋ˦˥ ʔɗaːj˦˥]

thắng (“to strap a horse saddle”) + đái (Sino-Vietnamese word from 帶).

com

Sino-Vietnamese word from <i class="Hani mention" lang="vi">帶</i>

(equestrianism) strap that runs under the belly of the horse, for fixating the saddle


mã lặc

[maː˦ˀ˥ lak̚˧˨ʔ]

[maː˧˨ lak̚˨˩ʔ]

[maː˨˩˦ lak̚˨˩˨]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 馬勒, composed of 馬 (“horse”) and 勒 (“bridle”).