کھانا

khānā (romanization)
खाना (Hindi)
کھانا (direct singular)
کھانے (direct plural)
کھانے (oblique singular)
کھانوں (oblique plural)
کھانے (singular vocative)
کھانو (plural vocative)

→ Assamese: খানা (khana)

→ Bengali: খানা (khana)

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀔𑀸𑀡 (khāṇa), from Sanskrit खादन (khādana, “the act of eating; food”) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-). Cognate with Gujarati ખાણું (khāṇũ, “dinner”) and Marathi खाणें (khāṇẽ).


نان

From Classical Persian نان (nān, “bread”).

naan, A type of round, flat bread baked in a tandoor popular in South and Central Asian cuisine.


چپاتی

ur-noun

چپاتی • (capātī) f (Hindi spelling चपाती)


ادرک

اَدْرَک • (adrak) f (Hindi spelling अदरक)

اَدْرَک (canonical)
adrak (romanization)
अदरक (Hindi)
ادرک (direct singular)
ادرکیں (direct plural)
ادرک (oblique singular)
ادرکوں (oblique plural)
ادرک (singular vocative)
ادرکو (plural vocative)

→ Pashto: ادرک (adrak)

→ Persian: ادرک (adrak)

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit आर्द्रक (ārdraka).


نمک

نَمَک (canonical)
namak (romanization)
नमक (Hindi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian نمک (namak).


پنیر

ur-noun

پَنِیر • (panīr) m (Hindi spelling पनीर)

پَنِیر (canonical)
panīr (romanization)
पनीर (Hindi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian پَنِیر (panīr).


کباب

Borrowed from Classical Persian کباب (kabāb), from Arabic كَبَاب (kabāb).


زعفران

ur-noun

زعفران • (zāfrān) f (Hindi spelling ज़ाफ़रान)

Borrowed from Classical Persian زَعْفَرَان (za'farān), from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān).


سماق

ur-noun

سماق • (summāq) m (Hindi spelling सुम्माक़)


عسل

Borrowed from Classical Persian عسل ('asal), from Arabic عَسَل (ʕasal).


مدھو

From Sanskrit मधु (madhu). Doublet of مے (mai, “liquor, wine”).


انگبین

ur-noun

انگبین • (angabīn) m (Hindi spelling अंगबीन)

Borrowed from Classical Persian انگبین (angabīn).


شہد

Borrowed from Classical Persian شهد (šahd), from Arabic شَهْد (šahd).


خردل

ur-noun

خردل • (xardal) m (Hindi spelling ख़र्दल)

Borrowed from Classical Persian خردل (xardal), from Arabic خَرْدَل (ḵardal).


نونیت

ur-noun

نَوَنِیت • (navanīt) m (Hindi spelling नवनीत)

نَوَنِیت (canonical)
navanīt (romanization)
नवनीत (Hindi)


نونی

نُونی or نَونی • (nūnī or naunī) f (Hindi spelling नवनी)

نُونی (canonical)
نَونی (canonical)
nūnī (romanization)
naunī (romanization)
नवनी (Hindi)


روٹی

roṭī (romanization)
रोटी (Hindi)
روٹی (direct singular)
روٹِیاں (direct plural)
روٹی (oblique singular)
روٹِیوں (oblique plural)
روٹی (singular vocative)
روٹِیو (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit रोटिका (roṭikā).


مکھن

مَکَّھن • (makkhan) m (Hindi spelling मक्खन)

مَکَّھن (canonical)
makkhan (romanization)
मक्खन (Hindi)
مَکَّھن (direct singular)
مَکَّھن (direct plural)
مَکَّھن (oblique singular)
مَکَّھنوں (oblique plural)
مَکَّھن (singular vocative)
مَکَّھنو (plural vocative)

Inherited from Prakrit मक्खण (makkhaṇa), from Sanskrit म्रक्षण (mrakṣaṇa).


دعوت

دَعْوَت • (da'vat) f (Hindi spelling दावत)

دَعْوَت (canonical)
da'vat (romanization)
दावत (Hindi)
دَعْوَت (direct singular)
دَعْوَتیں (direct plural)
دَعْوَت (oblique singular)
دَعْوَتوں (oblique plural)
دَعْوَت (singular vocative)
دَعْوَتو (plural vocative)

→ Telugu: దావత్ (dāvat)

→ Ushojo: دعوت (da'vat)

Etymology tree
Arabic دَعَا (daʕā)
Arabic دَعْوَة (daʕwa)bor.
Classical Persian دَعْوَت (da'wat)bor.
Urdu دَعْوَت (da'vat)Borrowed from Classical Persian دَعْوَت (da'wat), borrowed from Arabic دَعْوَة (daʕwa), from دَعَا (daʕā).

etymon

دَعْوَت


خوراک

ur-noun

خوراک • (xorāk) f (Hindi spelling ख़ुराक)

xorāk (romanization)
ख़ुराक (Hindi)
خوراک (direct singular)
خوراکیں (direct plural)
خوراک (oblique singular)
خوراکوں (oblique plural)
خوراک (singular vocative)
خوراکو (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Classical Persian خوراک. First attested in c. 1609 as Middle Hindi خوراک (xvrak)

victuals, meal, food (for humans, animals, or plants etc.)


لہسن

لہسن • (lahsun) m (Hindi spelling लहसुन)


جاوتری

جاوتری • (jāvitrī, jāvatrī) f (Hindi spelling जावित्री or जावत्री)

jāvitrī (romanization)
jāvatrī (romanization)
जावित्री (Hindi)
जावत्री (Hindi)

Borrowed from Gujarati જાવંત્રી (jāvantrī) or Northwestern Indo-Aryan.


ناشتا

ur-noun

نَاشْتَا • (nāśtā) m (Hindi spelling नाश्ता)

نَاشْتَا (canonical)
nāśtā (romanization)
नाश्ता (Hindi)
ناشْتا (direct singular)
ناشْتے (direct plural)
ناشْتے (oblique singular)
ناشْتوں (oblique plural)
ناشْتے (singular vocative)
ناشْتو (plural vocative)

desc

→ Kannada: ನಾಷ್ಟಾ (nāṣṭā)

→ Kannada: ನಾಷ್ಟಾ (nāṣṭā)

→ Malayalam: നാശ്ത (nāśta), നാസ്ത (nāsta)

→ Tamil: நாஸ்தா (nāstā), நாஷ்தா (nāṣtā)

→ Tamil: நாஸ்தா (nāstā), நாஷ்தா (nāṣtā)

Borrowed from Classical Persian نَاشْتَا (nāštā). First attested in c. 1591 as Middle Hindi ناشتا (naśta).

ref

“ناشتا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.


زیرہ

Borrowed from Classical Persian زیره (zīra).

bor+

زیرۂ سفید
زیرہ سفید#Urdu

زیرۂ سیاہ
زیرہ سیاہ#Urdu

caraway (short for زیرۂ سیاہ (zerh-yi syāh))


افطار

ur-noun

اِفْطار • (iftār) m (Hindi spelling इफ़्तार)

اِفْطار (canonical)
iftār (romanization)
इफ़्तार (Hindi)
اِفْطار (direct singular)
اِفْطار (direct plural)
اِفْطار (oblique singular)
اِفْطاروں (oblique plural)
اِفْطار (singular vocative)
اِفْطارو (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Classical Persian افطار (iftār), from Arabic إِفْطَار (ʔifṭār).

der

Arabic إِفْطَار (ʔifṭār)


چاٹ

چَاٹ (canonical)
cāṭ (romanization)
चाट (Hindi)
چَاٹ (direct singular)
چَاٹیں (direct plural)
چَاٹ (oblique singular)
چَاٹوں (oblique plural)
چَاٹ (singular vocative)
چَاٹو (plural vocative)

From چَاٹْنَا (cāṭnā, “to lick”); see there for more.


تیل

tel (romanization)
तेल (Hindi)
تیل (direct singular)
تیل (direct plural)
تیل (oblique singular)
تیلوں (oblique plural)
تیل (singular vocative)
تیلو (plural vocative)

→ Pashto: تېل (tel)

→ Persian:

Dari: تیل (tēl)

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑁂𑀮 (tela), from Sanskrit तैल (taila). Cognate with Gujarati તેલ (tel), Bengali তেল (tel).


جائپھل

ur-noun

جائپھل • (jāiphal) m (Hindi spelling जायफल)

/d͡ʒɑː.ɪ.pʰəl/

Ultimately from Sanskrit जातिफल (jātiphala), जातीफल (jātīphala).

Myristica fragrans
Myristica fragrans#Translingual


جلیبی

جلیبی • (jalebī) f (Hindi spelling जलेबी)

jalebī (romanization)
जलेबी (Hindi)
جلیبی (direct singular)
جلیبِیاں (direct plural)
جلیبی (oblique singular)
جلیبِیوں (oblique plural)
جلیبی (singular vocative)
جلیبِیو (plural vocative)

Perhaps from Arabic جُلَاب (julāb), which would make it a doublet of گلاب (gulāb).


سموسہ

سموسہ • (samosā) m (Hindi spelling समोसा)

samosā (romanization)
समोसा (Hindi)
سموسَہ (direct singular)
سموسے (direct plural)
سموسے (oblique singular)
سموسوں (oblique plural)
سموسے (singular vocative)
سموسو (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Classical Persian سنبوسه (sanbōsa), from Middle Persian.


وڑا

vaṛā (romanization)
वड़ा (Hindi)
وڑا (direct singular)
وڑے (direct plural)
وڑے (oblique singular)
وڑوں (oblique plural)
وڑے (singular vocative)
وڑو (plural vocative)


سرسوں

ur-noun

سَرْسوں • (sarsõ) f (Hindi spelling सरसों)

سَرْسوں (canonical)
sarsõ (romanization)
सरसों (Hindi)

Inherited from Middle Hindi سرسوں (srsvṉ /sarsõ/) (c. 1751), from Old Hindi سرسوں (srsvṉ /sarsõ/) (c. 1300s), from Prakrit 𑀲𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀯 (sarisava), from Sanskrit सर्षप (sarṣapa).
Cognates
Cognate with Assamese সবিয়হ (xobih), Bengali সরিষা (śoriśa), Gujarati સરસવ (sarsav), Marathi शिरीस (śirīs), and Punjabi سرھوں / Punjabi ਸਰ੍ਹੋਂ (sarhõ).

ref

“سرسوں”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

سَرْسوں کَا تیل


پاستا

ur-noun

پاسْتا • (pāstā) m (Hindi spelling पास्ता)

پاسْتا (canonical)
pāstā (romanization)
पास्ता (Hindi)
پاستا (direct singular)
پاستے (direct plural)
پاستے (oblique singular)
پاستوں (oblique plural)
پاستے (singular vocative)
پاستو (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Persian پاستا (pâstâ) or English pasta, both from Italian pasta, ultimately from Ancient Greek παστά (pastá).


املی

اِمْلی (canonical)
imlī (romanization)
इमली (Hindi)
اِمْلی (direct singular)
اِمْلِیاں (direct plural)
اِمْلی (oblique singular)
اِمْلِیوں (oblique plural)
اِمْلی (singular vocative)
اِمْلِیو (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit *𑀇𑀫𑁆𑀮𑀺𑀕𑀸 (*imligā), from Sanskrit अम्लिका (amlikā). Cognate with Bhojpuri इमली (imᵊlī), Gujarati આમલી (āmalī), and Punjabi اِمْلی (īmlī) / ਇਮਲੀ (īmlī).


ظہرانہ

ur-noun

ظُہْرانَہ • (z̤uhrāna) m (Hindi spelling ज़ोहराना)

ظُہْرانَہ (canonical)
z̤uhrāna (romanization)
ज़ोहराना (Hindi)
ظُہْرانَہ (direct singular)
ظُہْرانے (direct plural)
ظُہْرانے (oblique singular)
ظُہْرانوں (oblique plural)
ظُہْرانے (singular vocative)
ظُہْرانو (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Classical Persian ظهرانه (z̤uhrāna). By surface analysis, ظہر (z̤uhr, “midday; noon; dhuhr”) + ـانہ (āna).


عشائیہ

ur-noun

عِشائِیَہ • ('iśāiya) m (Hindi spelling इशाइया)

عِشائِیَہ (canonical)
'iśāiya (romanization)
इशाइया (Hindi)
عِشائِیَہ (direct singular)
عِشائِیے (direct plural)
عِشائِیے (oblique singular)
عِشائِیوں (oblique plural)
عِشائِیے (singular vocative)
عِشائِیو (plural vocative)

عِ‧شا‧ءِ‧یَہ

From عِشا (ʻiśā, “nightfall; dusk; darkness”) + ـئیہ (-'iya).


مصالحہ

ur-noun

مَصالِحَہ or مَصالْحَہ • (masāliha or masālha) m (Hindi spelling मसाला)

مَصالِحَہ (canonical)
مَصالْحَہ (canonical)
masāliha (romanization)
masālha (romanization)
मसाला (Hindi)
مَصالْحَہَہ (direct singular)
مَصالْحَہے (direct plural)
مَصالْحَہے (oblique singular)
مَصالْحَہوں (oblique plural)
مَصالْحَہے (singular vocative)
مَصالْحَہو (plural vocative)

→ English: masala

From Classical Persian مصالح (maṣāliḥ, “affairs, materials, spices”), a plural of مصلحت (maslahat), itself borrowing from Arabic مَصْلَحَة (maṣlaḥa).


سحری

ur-noun

سَحَرِی • (saharī) f (Hindi spelling सहरी)

سَحَرِی (canonical)
saharī (romanization)
सहरी (Hindi)
سَحَری (direct singular)
سَحَرِیاں (direct plural)
سَحَری (oblique singular)
سَحَرِیوں (oblique plural)
سَحَری (singular vocative)
سَحَرِیو (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Classical Persian سَحَرِی (saharī). By surface analysis, سَحَر (sahar, “dawn”) + ـِی (-ī).

surf

یہ کئی کئی دِنوں کا ایک روزہ ہوتا اِفطار اور سحری کے موقع پر آپؐ کچھ نہ کھاتے

It used to be a fast of several days, and he [Muhammad P.B.U.H] did not eat anything when it came to Iftar and Suhoor

(Islam) suhoor, suhur (meal eaten before dawn during Ramadan).


افطاری

ur-noun

اِفْطاری • (iftārī) m (Hindi spelling इफ़्तारी)

اِفْطاری (canonical)
iftārī (romanization)
इफ़्तारी (Hindi)
اِفْطاری (direct singular)
اِفْطارِیاں (direct plural)
اِفْطاری (oblique singular)
اِفْطارِیوں (oblique plural)
اِفْطاری (singular vocative)
اِفْطارِیو (plural vocative)

af

اِفطار (iftār) + ـی (-ī)


کینڈی

ur-noun

کَینْڈی • (kainḍī) f (Hindi spelling कैंडी)

کَینْڈی (canonical)
kainḍī (romanization)
कैंडी (Hindi)
کینڈی (direct singular)
کینڈِیاں (direct plural)
کینڈی (oblique singular)
کینڈِیوں (oblique plural)
کینڈی (singular vocative)
کینڈِیو (plural vocative)


جیرا

جِیرا (canonical)
jīrā (romanization)
जीरा (Hindi)

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀚𑀻𑀭𑀕 (jīraga), from Sanskrit जीरक (jī́raka). Doublet of زِیرَہ (zīra).
Cognates include Assamese জীৰা (zira), Bengali জিরা (jira), Dhivehi ދިރި (diri), Gujarati જીરું (jīrũ), Marathi जिरीं (jirī̃), Nepali जिरो (jiro), Odia ଜୀର (jira), Punjabi جيرا (jīrā), Sindhi جيِرو (jīro), and Sinhalese දුරු (duru)


قلفی

ur-noun

قلفی • (qulfī) f (Hindi spelling क़ुल्फ़ी)

→ English: kulfi

Borrowed from Classical Persian قفلی (quflī, “mould”), from قفل (qufl, “lock”), from Arabic قُفْل (qufl, “lock, bolt”).


چھولا

cholā (romanization)
छोला (Hindi)
چھولا (direct singular)
چھولے (direct plural)
چھولے (oblique singular)
چھولوں (oblique plural)
چھولے (singular vocative)
چھولو (plural vocative)

/t͡ʃʰoː.lɑː/

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum#Translingual

garbanzo bean, chickpea (Cicer arietinum)


سلاد

سَلاد (canonical)
salād (romanization)
सलाद (Hindi)
سَلاد (direct singular)
سَلاد (direct plural)
سَلاد (oblique singular)
سَلادوں (oblique plural)
سَلاد (singular vocative)
سَلادو (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Portuguese salada or English salad.

ref

“سلاد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

“سلاد”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.