See ca in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyz",
"2": "tai-pro",
"3": "*kaːᴬ",
"4": "",
"5": "crow"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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"nocap": "1"
},
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"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
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"1": "lo",
"2": "ກາ"
},
"expansion": "Lao ກາ (kā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ᨠᩣ"
},
"expansion": "Northern Thai ᨠᩣ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "khb",
"2": "ᦂᦱ"
},
"expansion": "Lü ᦂᦱ (k̇aa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "shn",
"2": "ၵႃ"
},
"expansion": "Shan ၵႃ (kǎa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tdd",
"2": "ᥐᥣ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Nüa ᥐᥣ (kaa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "blt",
"2": "ꪀꪱ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Dam ꪀꪱ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
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"1": "za",
"2": "roegga"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tyz",
"2": "ca"
},
"expansion": "Tày ca",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Tai *kaːᴬ (“crow”), from onomatopoeic origin. Cognate with Lao ກາ (kā), Northern Thai ᨠᩣ, Lü ᦂᦱ (k̇aa), Shan ၵႃ (kǎa), Tai Nüa ᥐᥣ (kaa), Tai Dam ꪀꪱ, Zhuang roegga, Tày ca.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "noun",
"3": "Nôm form",
"4": "𱍼",
"head": ""
},
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"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𱍼"
},
"expansion": "ca (Nôm form 𱍼)",
"name": "tyz-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "tyz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tày nouns classified by tua",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tày onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"word": "ca nặm"
},
{
"word": "ca đáng"
},
{
"word": "ca đăm"
},
{
"word": "khẩu ca"
},
{
"word": "mèo ca"
},
{
"word": "pác ca"
},
{
"word": "xéc ca"
}
],
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{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"english": "The crow cries.",
"text": "Tua ca ơi.",
"translation": "The crow cries.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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15,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
25,
29
]
],
"english": "one's face as black as a crow's face",
"text": "nả đăm bặng nả ca",
"translation": "one's face as black as a crow's face",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
15
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
19
]
],
"english": "Yesterday, the crow caught two little chickens.",
"text": "Vằn ngoà tua ca pắt đảy sloong tua cáy ỉ.",
"translation": "Yesterday, the crow caught two little chickens.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"common raven"
],
"id": "en-ca-tyz-noun-lqMYvb9L",
"links": [
[
"common raven",
"common raven"
]
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "[kaː˧˧]",
"note": "Thạch An – Tràng Định"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaː˦˥]",
"note": "Trùng Khánh"
}
],
"word": "ca"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": ""
},
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},
{
"args": {},
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],
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"lang_code": "tyz",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 5 33 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tày entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tày nouns classified by mạy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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"word": "mác ca"
}
],
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{
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[
7,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
30
]
],
"english": "foot of a midnight horror tree",
"text": "co mạy ca",
"translation": "foot of a midnight horror tree",
"type": "example"
},
{
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[
5,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
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13,
33
]
],
"english": "fruit from a midnight horror tree",
"text": "phắc ca",
"translation": "fruit from a midnight horror tree",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Oroxylum indicum"
],
"id": "en-ca-tyz-noun-MYeG9LIu",
"links": [
[
"Oroxylum indicum",
"Oroxylum indicum#Translingual"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kaː˧˧]",
"note": "Thạch An – Tràng Định"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaː˦˥]",
"note": "Trùng Khánh"
}
],
"word": "ca"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Compare cà.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyz",
"2": "classifier",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
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"name": "head"
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ca",
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}
],
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"lang_code": "tyz",
"pos": "classifier",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "60 5 11 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tày classifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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"_dis": "30 5 33 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tày entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
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{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "this goddamn dog",
"text": "ca tua ma",
"translation": "this goddamn dog",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Precedes a different classifier to convey contempt towards the referrent"
],
"id": "en-ca-tyz-classifier-WDgi0dwq"
}
],
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{
"ipa": "[kaː˧˧]",
"note": "Thạch An – Tràng Định"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaː˦˥]",
"note": "Trùng Khánh"
}
],
"word": "ca"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Compare cà.",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ca",
"name": "head"
}
],
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{
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{
"_dis": "30 5 33 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tày entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"word": "ca cào"
},
{
"word": "ca lang"
},
{
"word": "ca linh"
},
{
"word": "ca mèo"
},
{
"word": "ca mả"
},
{
"word": "ca noóng"
},
{
"word": "ca này"
},
{
"word": "ca pát"
},
{
"word": "ca rạc"
},
{
"word": "ca rại"
},
{
"word": "ca rệp"
},
{
"word": "ca rộc"
},
{
"word": "ca tuyện"
},
{
"word": "ca đác"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Meaningless, occasionally intensifying prefix in mostly animal names as well as other nouns and adjectives, some of which have variants with cà"
],
"id": "en-ca-tyz-prefix-vRekemDf",
"links": [
[
"cà",
"cà#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kaː˧˧]",
"note": "Thạch An – Tràng Định"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaː˦˥]",
"note": "Trùng Khánh"
}
],
"word": "ca"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Pages with language headings in the wrong order",
"Tày classifiers",
"Tày entries with incorrect language header",
"Tày lemmas",
"Tày nouns",
"Tày nouns classified by tua",
"Tày onomatopoeias",
"Tày prefixes",
"Tày terms derived from Proto-Tai",
"Tày terms inherited from Proto-Tai",
"Tày terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ca nặm"
},
{
"word": "ca đáng"
},
{
"word": "ca đăm"
},
{
"word": "khẩu ca"
},
{
"word": "mèo ca"
},
{
"word": "pác ca"
},
{
"word": "xéc ca"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyz",
"2": "tai-pro",
"3": "*kaːᴬ",
"4": "",
"5": "crow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tai *kaːᴬ (“crow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tyz",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "onomatopoeic",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ກາ"
},
"expansion": "Lao ກາ (kā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nod",
"2": "ᨠᩣ"
},
"expansion": "Northern Thai ᨠᩣ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "khb",
"2": "ᦂᦱ"
},
"expansion": "Lü ᦂᦱ (k̇aa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "shn",
"2": "ၵႃ"
},
"expansion": "Shan ၵႃ (kǎa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tdd",
"2": "ᥐᥣ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Nüa ᥐᥣ (kaa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "blt",
"2": "ꪀꪱ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Dam ꪀꪱ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "roegga"
},
"expansion": "Zhuang roegga",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tyz",
"2": "ca"
},
"expansion": "Tày ca",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Tai *kaːᴬ (“crow”), from onomatopoeic origin. Cognate with Lao ກາ (kā), Northern Thai ᨠᩣ, Lü ᦂᦱ (k̇aa), Shan ၵႃ (kǎa), Tai Nüa ᥐᥣ (kaa), Tai Dam ꪀꪱ, Zhuang roegga, Tày ca.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyz",
"2": "noun",
"3": "Nôm form",
"4": "𱍼",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ca (Nôm form 𱍼)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𱍼"
},
"expansion": "ca (Nôm form 𱍼)",
"name": "tyz-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Tày",
"lang_code": "tyz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Tày terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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4,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"english": "The crow cries.",
"text": "Tua ca ơi.",
"translation": "The crow cries.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
25,
29
]
],
"english": "one's face as black as a crow's face",
"text": "nả đăm bặng nả ca",
"translation": "one's face as black as a crow's face",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
15
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
15,
19
]
],
"english": "Yesterday, the crow caught two little chickens.",
"text": "Vằn ngoà tua ca pắt đảy sloong tua cáy ỉ.",
"translation": "Yesterday, the crow caught two little chickens.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"common raven"
],
"links": [
[
"common raven",
"common raven"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kaː˧˧]",
"note": "Thạch An – Tràng Định"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaː˦˥]",
"note": "Trùng Khánh"
}
],
"word": "ca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 45 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with language headings in the wrong order",
"Tày classifiers",
"Tày entries with incorrect language header",
"Tày lemmas",
"Tày nouns",
"Tày nouns classified by mạy",
"Tày prefixes",
"Tày terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "mác ca"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyz",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": ""
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"name": "head"
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ca",
"name": "tyz-noun"
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"lang": "Tày",
"lang_code": "tyz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Tày terms with usage examples"
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"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
9
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
30
]
],
"english": "foot of a midnight horror tree",
"text": "co mạy ca",
"translation": "foot of a midnight horror tree",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
13,
33
]
],
"english": "fruit from a midnight horror tree",
"text": "phắc ca",
"translation": "fruit from a midnight horror tree",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Oroxylum indicum"
],
"links": [
[
"Oroxylum indicum",
"Oroxylum indicum#Translingual"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kaː˧˧]",
"note": "Thạch An – Tràng Định"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaː˦˥]",
"note": "Trùng Khánh"
}
],
"word": "ca"
}
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"Tày classifiers",
"Tày entries with incorrect language header",
"Tày lemmas",
"Tày prefixes",
"Tày terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Compare cà.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyz",
"2": "classifier",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "ca",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ca",
"name": "tyz-cls"
}
],
"lang": "Tày",
"lang_code": "tyz",
"pos": "classifier",
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{
"categories": [
"Tày terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "this goddamn dog",
"text": "ca tua ma",
"translation": "this goddamn dog",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Precedes a different classifier to convey contempt towards the referrent"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kaː˧˧]",
"note": "Thạch An – Tràng Định"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaː˦˥]",
"note": "Trùng Khánh"
}
],
"word": "ca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 45 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with language headings in the wrong order",
"Tày classifiers",
"Tày entries with incorrect language header",
"Tày lemmas",
"Tày prefixes",
"Tày terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ca cào"
},
{
"word": "ca lang"
},
{
"word": "ca linh"
},
{
"word": "ca mèo"
},
{
"word": "ca mả"
},
{
"word": "ca noóng"
},
{
"word": "ca này"
},
{
"word": "ca pát"
},
{
"word": "ca rạc"
},
{
"word": "ca rại"
},
{
"word": "ca rệp"
},
{
"word": "ca rộc"
},
{
"word": "ca tuyện"
},
{
"word": "ca đác"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Compare cà.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyz",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ca",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tày",
"lang_code": "tyz",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Meaningless, occasionally intensifying prefix in mostly animal names as well as other nouns and adjectives, some of which have variants with cà"
],
"links": [
[
"cà",
"cà#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kaː˧˧]",
"note": "Thạch An – Tràng Định"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaː˦˥]",
"note": "Trùng Khánh"
}
],
"word": "ca"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ca meaning in Tày (6.3kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Classifier: tua",
"path": [
"ca"
],
"section": "Tày",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ca",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Nôm form 𱍼",
"path": [
"ca"
],
"section": "Tày",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ca",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Classifier: mạy",
"path": [
"ca"
],
"section": "Tày",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ca",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Tày dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.