de

From Ottoman Turkish ده (da, de, “conj. also, and, moreover, again”), from Proto-Turkic *tākı (“conj. and”).

inh

Özer de sorunun yanıtını biliyor.

Özer also knows the answer of the question.

Berker de bizimle geliyor.

Utku da dondurma yemeyi sever.

Herkes iddia ediyor ki boyum uzamış da ben fark etmiyorum.

Everyone claims that I've gotten taller however I don't really notice it.


hem

Borrowed from Persian هم (ham). Doublet of homo-.

Hem bu hem şu.


ile

From Ottoman Turkish ایله (ile, “with”), from Proto-Turkic *bile (“with; together, also”)

Ateşle barut yan yana durmaz.

Fire and gunpowder, side by side, do not last.


ne

From Ottoman Turkish نه (ne, “neither; nor”), from Persian نه (na). Cognate to Old English ne (“not”).

Ne bu ne şu


da

From Ottoman Turkish ده (da, de, “conj. also, and, moreover, again”), from Proto-Turkic *tākı (“conj. and”), whence daha and dahi. Cognate with Azerbaijani da (“also, as well, too”), Kazakh and Kyrgyz да (da, “also, as well, too”),

O da sorunun yanıtını biliyor.

He also knows the answer to the question.

Oğuzhan da bizimle geliyor.

Yağız da dondurma yemeyi sever.


ki

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish كه (ki), from Classical Persian که.

Yaptım ki gidesin.

I did it so that you would (be able to) go.

Yaptım ki gitsin.

I did it so that they would (be able to) go.

Seni öpersem biliyorum ki, sana âşık olacağım.

If I kiss you, I know that I'll fall in love with you.

Neden ondan korkuyorsun? Yapmaz ki o bir bok.

Why are you even afraid of them? They won’t do shit anways.


bile

From Ottoman Turkish بیله (bile), from Proto-Turkic *bile (“with, together, also”). Cognate with Turkish ile.


ya

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish یا (ya), from Persian یا (yâ, “either, or”).

İlahi, hocam, hiç göle maya çalmakla göl maya tutar mı? -Ya tutarsa?

Teacher, can a little bit of yeast ferment the lake? -What if it does?

what if (used to introduce speculation about future)

Poşetleri taşıması kolay. Ya bu bavullar? Onlar ne olacak?

It's easy to carry the bags. What about the luggage? What will happen to them?

what about (used to ask someone to consider something or someone that they have apparently not considered)

Saçları, sesi, gülüşü çok güzel. Ya gözleri.

Her hair, her voice, her smile are all so beautiful. And especially her eyes.

(preceding the last term in a list) above all, especially


ya

Ya bu, ya şu. İkisine birden paramız yetmez.

Either this or that. We can't afford to buy them both.

ya bu deveyi gütmeli, ya bu diyardan gitmeli


ama

→ Ladino: ama

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish اما (ammâ), from Arabic أَمَّا (ʔammā).


ve

From Ottoman Turkish و (ve), from Arabic وَ (wa).


lakin

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish لكن (lâkin), from Arabic لٰكِنْ (lākin, “but”).


yalnız

[jɑɫ̟ˈn̟ɯz̟]

[jɑn̟ˈɫ̟ɯz̟]

[jɑn̟ˈn̟ɯz̟]

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish یالڭز (yalñız), from Proto-Turkic *yalïŋ (“lonely”). Compare Old Turkic 𐰖𐰞𐰭𐰆𐰽 (yalŋus).

Güzel yalnız biraz eski.


yok

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish یوق (yok), from Proto-Turkic *yōk. Compare Old Turkic 𐰖𐰸 (yok).

Verdiler, ne âlâ; yok vermediler, döner gelirsin.

If they give it, very well; if they don't, you'll just come back.

Used between two contrasting conditional clauses, conveying a negative meaning to the latter, similar to yoksa.

Yok kâğıdı kalmamış, yok mürekkebi iyi değilmiş, hasılı bir alay bahaneler!

He didn't have paper left, his ink wasn't good, whole bunch of excuses!

Used to denote sarcastic disbelief or belittlement to what someone else has said.


fakat

From Ottoman Turkish فقط (fakat, “only”), from Arabic فَقَط (faqaṭ).


çünkü

From Ottoman Turkish چونكه (çünki, “because”), from Persian چون (čun) + که (ke).


eğer

From Ottoman Turkish اكر (eğer), from Persian اگر (agar).

in case (to allow for the possibility that): in the event (conjunction)


ise

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ایسه (ise), from Proto-Turkic *er-ser (“if”), equivalent to inflection with -se (“conditional mood marker”). Generally viewed as the conditional mood of the defective verb imek.

inh+

If this affair is as so, there is nothing that can be done.

Bu iş böyle ise yapacak bir şey kalmadı. (= Bu iş böyleyse yapacak bir şey kalmadı.)


keza

From Ottoman Turkish كذا (keza), from Arabic كَذَا (kaḏā)


veya

From Ottoman Turkish ویا (veya), from Arabic و (wa, “and”) + Persian یا (yâ, “or”).


ya da

Morphologically ya (“either, or”) + da (“too, as well, also”). Cognate of Azerbaijani ya da.

com

Dünyanın sonuna doğmuşum / Ya da ölmüşüm de haberim yok

2009, “Dünyanın Sonuna Doğmuşum [I Was Born at the End of the World]”, in Şehr-i Hüzün [City of Sorrow], performed by maNga:

I was born at the end of the world / Or I am dead and don't even know it


ancak

From Ottoman Turkish آنجق (ancak) from Proto-Oghuz [Term?] (ančak, “exactly like that”) from earlier Proto-Oghuz [Term?] (anča ok, “exactly like that”) emphatic form of Proto-Oghuz [Term?] (anča, “like that”) equative form of Proto-Turkic *ol (“he/she/it/that”).
Also see o and anca.


şayet

From Ottoman Turkish شاید (şayed), from Persian شاید (šâyad).


neyse

It's not important, it doesn't matter anymore.


madem

(used in the beginning of the sentence) now that


gerek

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish گرك (gerek), from Old Anatolian Turkish كرك (gäräk), from Proto-Turkic *kẹrgek (“necessity, necessary”), from *kẹrge- (“to need”) + *-k (participle suffix).
Cognates
Azerbaijani gərək
Bashkir кәрәк (kərək)
Karakhanid كَرَكْ, كَرَاكْ (gerek, geräk)
Kazakh керек (kerek)
Kyrgyz керек (kerek)
Nogai керек (kerek)
Northern Kurdish gerek
Southern Altai керек (kerek)
Tatar кирәк (kiräk), kiräk
Turkmen gerek
Uyghur كېرەك (kërek)
Uzbek kerak

col

Azerbaijani <i class="Latn mention" lang="az">gərək</i>

Bashkir <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="ba">кәрәк</i> (kərək)

Kazakh <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="kk">керек</i> (kerek)

Northern Kurdish <i class="Latn mention" lang="kmr">gerek</i>

Kyrgyz <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="ky">керек</i> (kerek)

Nogai <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="nog">керек</i> (kerek)

Southern Altai <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="alt">керек</i> (kerek)

Turkmen <i class="Latn mention" lang="tk">gerek</i>

Uyghur <i class="Arab ug-Arab mention" lang="ug">كېرەك</i> (kërek)

Uzbek <i class="Latn mention" lang="uz">kerak</i>

...gerek ölçüsüz yapılan iskânlar ve gerek memleket dahilinde olan göçler...

1938, Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi, On beşinci yıl kitabı, Cumhuriyet Matbaası, page 394:

...both the extravagant settlements and the immigrations within the nation...

Gerek bu maddeyi, gerek Kültür bakanlığına aid maddeleri diğer arkadaşlarla ... sabaha kadar müzakere ettik.

1935, Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi, Büyük Kurultay, C.H.P. Dördüncü Büyük Kurultayı görüşmeleri tutulgası, 9-16 Mayıs 1935, Ulus Basımevi, page 228:

We discussed this article as well as the articles related to the Culture ministry with the other colleagues till morning.

Used for combining elements of similar function or equivalence, or choosing between multiple things; whether ... or, either … or, both … and, as well as.


oysa

From o + -ysa. The literal meaning is “if that is what it is”; compare English be that as it may.


yoksa

From yok + -sa, literally “if not (existing)”, equivalent to yok + ise.

af

Paranız yoksa size yardım edememem.

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see yok, -sa or ise.

Sen de sakinleş. Yoksa bir taraflarımız tehlike içinde kalacak.

You calm down. Otherwise, one of us will be in danger.

Bir hastane odası mıydı, yoksa hapishane mi?


maamafih

From Arabic مَعَ مَا فِيهِ (maʕa mā fīhi).

der

مَعَ مَا فِيهِ

Arabic مَعَ مَا فِيهِ (maʕa mā fīhi)


kezalik

From Ottoman Turkish كذلك, from Arabic كَذَلِك (kaḏalik)


bu yüzden

From bu (“this”) + yüz (“due to”) + -den (ablative suffix).

(cause) for this reason, therefore, hence

(consequence) as a result, thus, consequently


bu nedenle

From bu (“this”) + neden (“reason”) + -le (“by”).


bu sebeple

From bu (“this”) + sebep (“reason”) + -le (“by”).