A

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter symbol for alanine in proteins.


Ala

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter symbol for alanine


Asp

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of aspartic acid


B

(biochemistry) As an IUPAC code for amino acids, aspartic acid or asparagine.


C

* (element symbol, carbon): abbreviation
* (metrology, coulomb): abbreviation
* (computing, hexadecimal 12): From its position as the twelfth element of the series {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F}

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for cysteine


D

* (chemistry, deuterium): abbreviation of deuterium
* (computing, hexadecimal 13): From its position as the thirteenth element of the series {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F}
* (Germany): abbreviation of German word Deutschland (“Germany”)

(biochemistry) IUPAC one-letter abbreviation for aspartic acid.


E

From the Etruscan letter 𐌄 (e, “e”), from the Ancient Greek letter Ε (E, “epsilon”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤄 (h, “he”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓀠.

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for glutamic acid


F

From the Etruscan letter 𐌅 (v, “ve”), from the Ancient Greek letter Ϝ (W, “digamma”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤅 (w, “waw”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓏲.

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for phenylalanine.


H

From the Etruscan letter 𐌇 (h, he), from the Ancient Greek letter Η (Ē, eta), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤇 (ḥ, het), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓈈 or maybe 𓉗.

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for histidine


His

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of histidine


I

From the Etruscan letter 𐌉 (i), from the Ancient Greek letter Ι (I, iota), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤉 (y, yod), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓂝.

Ⅰ (alternative)
i (alternative)
ⅰ (alternative)
I. (alternative)

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for isoleucine


Ile

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of isoleucine


K

From the Etruscan letter 𐌊 (k, “ka”), from the Ancient Greek letter Κ (K, “kappa”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤊 (k, “kap”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓂧.

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for lysine.


L

From the Etruscan letter 𐌋 (l, “el”), from the Ancient Greek letter Λ (L, “lambda”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤋 (l, “lamed”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓌅.

(biochemistry, IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation) leucine


Leu

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of leucine


Lys

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of lysine


M

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of methionine, as established by IUPAC.


Met

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of methionine


N

From the Etruscan letter 𐌍 (n, en), from the Ancient Greek letter Ν (N, nu), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤍 (n, nun), possibly from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓆓.

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for aspargine


P

From the Etruscan letter 𐌐 (p, “pe”), from the Ancient Greek letter Π (P, “pi”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤐 (p, “pe”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓂋.

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for proline


Pro

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter Abbreviation of proline.


Q

English: max Q

Ancient Greek language
Egyptian language
Etruscan language
Phoenician language
Q

From the Etruscan letter 𐌒 (q, “cu”), from the Ancient Greek letter Ϙ (Q, “qoppa”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤒 (q, “qop”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓃻.

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for glutamine.


R

From the Etruscan letter 𐌓 (r, “er”), from the Ancient Greek letter Ρ (R, “rho”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤓 (r, “reš”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓁶.

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for arginine.


S

From the Etruscan letter 𐌔 (s, “es”), from the Ancient Greek letter Σ (S, “sigma”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤔 (š, “šin”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓌒.

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for serine


Ser

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of serine


T

From the Etruscan letter 𐌕 (t, “te”), from the Ancient Greek letter Τ (T, “tau”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤕 (t, “taw”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓏴.

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for threonine


V

From the Etruscan letter 𐌖 (u, “u”), from the Ancient Greek letter Υ (U, “ypsilon”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤅 (w, “waw”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓏲. Doublet of Y and U.

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for valine


Val

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of valine


W

From a modification of the Latin letter V (“ve”), from the Etruscan letter 𐌖 (u, “u”), from the Ancient Greek letter Υ (U, “ypsilon”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤅 (w, “waw”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓏲.
Its use as a symbol for tungsten is based on German Wolfram.

UU (alternative)
Uu (alternative)
VV (alternative)
Vv (alternative)

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for tryptophan.


Y

A late borrowing from the Ancient Greek letter Υ (U, “ypsilon”), first used to write Greek loanwords in Latin, derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤅 (w, “waw”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓏲. Doublet of U and V.

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for tyrosine


Z

From the Etruscan letter 𐌆 (z, “ze”), from the Ancient Greek letter Ζ (Z, “zeta”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤆 (z, “zayin”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓏭.

(biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for either glutamine or glutamic acid


Tyr

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of tyrosine


Arg

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of arginine


Asn

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of aspargine


Cys

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of cysteine


Gln

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of glutamine


Glu

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of glutamic acid


Gly

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of glycine


Phe

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of phenylalanine


Thr

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of threonine


Trp

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter Abbreviation of tryptophan.


Nle

(biochemistry) IUPAC 3-letter abbreviation of norleucine.


pSer

(biochemistry) abbreviation of phosphorylated serine


pThr

(biochemistry) Abbreviation of phosphorylated threonine.


pTyr

(biochemistry) abbreviation of phosphorylated tyrosine