槿

Han char

槿 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 木廿中一 (DTLM), four-corner 4491₄, composition ⿰木堇)

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis#Translingual

(botany) a type of rose known as Chinese hibiscus, Chinese rose, Hawaiian hibiscus, shoeblackplant (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)


Derives from overset Io, an abbreviation of either interiectiō (“interjection”) or the interjection iō (“hey!”), placed at the end of an exclamation to mark it as such. It expresses admiratio (“awe, wonderment”) in the clause.

punctuation mark denoting excitement, surprise, or shock

TYPE: Mexico. Nayarit: Tepic, 10 Feb. 1927, Marcus E. Jones 23357 (holotype, POM not seen; isotype, US!).

2008 June, A Michele Funston, “Taxonomic Revision of Roldana (Asteraceae: Senecioneae), a Genus of the Southwestern U.S.A., Mexico, and Central America”, in Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, volume 95, number 2 (in English), page 307:

(botany) Placed after a herbarium abbreviation to indicate that the mentioned material held there has been examined directly by the author.


A (copper/bronze) handmirror, symbol of the Greek goddess Aphrodite (and her Roman equivalent Venus). The cross was added in the 16th century to Christianize the symbol of a pagan god.

(botany, of a flower) pistillate, carpellate.


The circle and arrow represent the shield and spear, respectively, of the Ancient Greek god of war Ares (and his Ancient Roman equivalent Mars). In the Medieval era the spear had crossed in front of the shield, and the ancient form lacked the shield altogether.

(the orbital period of Mars is 2 years)


A simple caduceus (☤) of the Greek god Hermes (and his Roman equivalent Mercury), as seen with a much longer staff in stylized representations of that god e.g. on pottery. The cross was added in the 16th century to Christianize the symbol of a pagan god.

(Replaced by ⟨⚥⟩.)

In his Mantissa Plantarum (1767) and Mantissa Plantarum altera (1771), [Linnaeus] regularly used ♂, ♀ and ☿ for male, female and hermaphrodite flowers respectively.

1961 August 17, New Scientist, volume 11, number 248 (in English), Reed Business Information, →ISSN, page 413:

(botany, of a flower, obsolete) perfect, hermaphrodite.


Artemisia pontica

(botany) A taxonomic species within the family Asteraceae – Roman wormwood, as used in absinthe.


head

† (English symbol name dagger or obelus)

dagger (English name symbol)
obelus (English name symbol)

Derives from the obelus, ⟨⸓⟩. Originally shaped like a dagger, it is now sometimes identical in shape to a Latin cross.

"Type: Zaire, Ruwenzori, Butago valley, Mildbraed 2575 (holotype B†; isotype BR)."

1986, Charles Jeffrey, “The Senecioneae in East Tropical Africa: Notes on Compositae: IV”, in Kew Bulletin, volume 41, number 4 (in English), →DOI, page 906:

(botany) Used to indicated a destroyed type specimen.


eudicots

(botany) A taxonomic clade within the clade Angiosperms – comprising most of the broadly defined dicotyledons.


Bryophyta

(botany, obsolete) A botanical name at the rank of division or phylum including all the bryophytes (the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts).


A pair of fish; the stroke joining them is relatively recent.


A stylized representation of (ripples of) water.


The Greek letter Zeta with an abbreviation stroke, for Ζεύς (Zeús), the Greek equivalent to the Roman god Jupiter. The form changed from Classical and early Medieval ⟨Ƶ⟩ to one with a more salient cross, ⟨♃⟩, in the 15th–16th century, at about the time that Christian crosses were added to ⟨☿⟩, ⟨♀⟩ and ⟨♄⟩, and so may have had a similar motivation.

(the orbital period of Jupiter is 12 years)

(botany, obsolete) herbaceous perennial plant.


The Greek letters kappa-rho with an abbreviation stroke at bottom, for Κρόνος (Krónos), the Greek equivalent to the Roman god Saturn. The cross at top was added later, to Christianize the symbol of a pagan god.

(the orbital period of Saturn is 30 years)

(botany, obsolete) woody perennial plant.


The shield of the sun god Apollo, with a boss in the center. Medieval replacement of ⟨🜚⟩, the sun with a single ray, which in ancient times had replaced a sun orb surrounded by multiple rays.
Compare the Egyptian hieroglyph ⟨⟩ and the Chinese character ⟨⟩, both of which mean 'sun' and 'day'.


APG II

(botany) The classification (of the Angiosperms) in the second, 2003, publication by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, as distinct from APG (1998), the classification in the first, 1998, publication of that group.


Gymnospermae

New Latin, feminine plural of gymnospermus (“having naked seeds”)

Cycadidae

(plants with seeds not enclosed in an ovary): Coniferae - class

(botany) The group of seed plants, whose seeds are not enclosed in an ovary

A taxonomic clade within the clade spermatophytes.

A taxonomic superclass within the subphylum Spermatophytina.

Cycadales

Cycadidae, Ginkgoidae, Gnetidae, Pinidae - subclasses


+ (English symbol name plus sign or plus)

plus sign (English name symbol)
plus (English name symbol)

antonym(s) of “addition or positiveness”

From a ligature of Latin et (“and”). Compare & and ⁊ of same meaning.


Aitch.

(botany) An author name abbreviation for botanist James Edward Tierney Aitchison (1836-1898).


Buser

(botany) Abbreviation of botanist Robert Buser (1857-1931).


ↆ

(botany, V-shaped form) non-woody (herbaceous) perennial


(botany) non-sexual (vegetative) reproduction.


(botany) Perfect (flower), hermaphrodite.


Lichinaceae

(mycology, lichenology) A taxonomic family within the order Lichinales – often found in lichen.


pentaphyllus

From Byzantine Greek πεντᾰ́φῠλλος (pentắphŭllos).

der

πεντᾰ́φῠλλος


The infinity symbol ⟨∞⟩ enclosed in a circle. Botanical use is based on ⟨☉⟩ 'annual'.

nowrap

⟨<i class="Zmth mention" lang="mul">∞</i>⟩


fruticosus

(botany) fruticose; used in taxonomic names for organisms


microcarpus

mul-adj

microcarpus m (feminine microcarpa, neuter microcarpum)

microcarpa (feminine)
microcarpum (neuter)

Borrowed from Latin mīcrocarpus, from Ancient Greek μῑκρόκαρπος (mīkrókarpos).


The use of this notation in modal logic was developed by C.I. Lewis.


core eudicots

(botany) A taxonomic clade within the clade eudicots – a monophyletic group of eudicots that includes many familiar plants.

superasterids

Berberidopsidales, Santalales, Caryophyllales - basal orders in superasterids; asterids

superrosids

Saxifragales - basal order in superrosids; rosids (Vitales - basal order in rosids; fabids; malvids)

Dilleniales - basal orders in core eudicots


Nosema

Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Tropicos


frutescens

binomial nomenclature
binomial nomenclature

(botany) frutescent; used as specific epithet in binomial nomenclature


Nelumbo nucifera

(botany) A taxonomic species within the family Nelumbonaceae – sacred lotus, Indian lotus, or lotus, native from India to east Asia, introduced elsewhere.


nomen invalidum

head

nomen invalidum (plural nomina invalida)

A nomen invalidum also results if publication is not in a recognized scientific journal, e.g., as in a patent or a trade magazine.

2011, The Yeasts (Fifth Edition) (in English):

(botany, taxonomy) A name that is not validly published.


Artemisia vulgaris

(botany) A taxonomic species within the family Asteraceae – common wormwood, also known as mugwort.


Daphne mezereum

(botany) A taxonomic species within the family Thymelaeaceae – mezereum, mezereon, February daphne, spurge-laurel, or spurge olive, of Europe and western Asia.


Amaranthus blitum

(taxonomy, phytology, botany) A taxonomic species within the family Amaranthaceae – purple amaranth.


Gouldia

From New Latin, from Augustus Addison Gould, American marine biologist + -ia.

(botany, obsolete) A taxonomic genus within the family Rubiaceae – now subsumed into genus Kadua.


Herv.

clipping

English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">Hervey</i>

(botany) Abbreviation of Hervey. Standard botanical abbreviation for botanist Alpheus Baker Hervey (1839-1931)

en:International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants


Sm.

(taxonomy, biology, botany) Abbreviation of Smith (“surname”).


Hexagynia

(obsolete, botany) plants that have six pistils.


chaixii

From the genitive case of New Latin Chaixius.


candollei

From the genitive case of Latin Candolleus.

(botany) related to Augustin Pyramus de Candolle


gouanii

From the genitive case of Latin Gouanius.


willdenowii

From the genitive case of Latin Willdenowius.

(botany) related to Carl Ludwig Willdenow


gabasianus

From French Gabas, a hamlet in Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France.

(botany) related to Gabas, Pyrénées-Atlantiques


(botany) non-woody (herbaceous) perennial

ↆ

potential allograph of symbol without dedicated Unicode support


*(1): A doubled 'annual' symbol ⟨☉⟩
*(2): ⟨⚆⟩ with a doubled dot


(botany): Mnemonic for the spray symbol on a spray can or scent bottle. May be outlined rather than filled.

(botany, proposed, unfilled variant) scent, odor

proposed; unfilled variant; proposed; unfilled variant


ceratocarpus

mul-adj

ceratocarpus m (feminine ceratocarpa, neuter ceratocarpum)

ceratocarpa (feminine)
ceratocarpum (neuter)


pelisserianus

head

pelisserianus m (feminine pelisseriana, neuter pelisserianum)

pelisseriana (feminine)
pelisserianum (neuter)

Pelisserius + -anus, from French Pélissier. Coined by Carl Linnaeus in Antirrhinum pelisserianum (Sp. Pl., 1753) after French diplomat Guillaume Pellicier (c. 1490 – 1568).

specific epithet
specific epithet#English

(botany) of Pélissier; used as a specific epithet


tagliabuanus

tagliabuanus m (feminine tagliabuana, neuter tagliabuanum)

tagliabuana (feminine)
tagliabuanum (neuter)

From Italian Tagliabue + -anus. Coined in 1858 for Tecoma tagliabuana by Roberto de Visiani after Carlo Ausonio Tagliabue, a nurseryman from Lainate, Italy.

(botany) of Tagliabue; used as a specific epithet


Phyllostegia

From Ancient Greek φύλλον (phúllon, “leaf”) and Ancient Greek στέγος (stégos, “roof, cover”).

bor

(botany) A genus of flowering plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae, native to certain islands in the Pacific.


perfoliatus

mul-adj

perfoliatus m (feminine perfoliata, neuter perfoliatum)

perfoliata (feminine)
perfoliatum (neuter)


Restionaceae

The greatest richness in species is found in the Kogelberg Mountains, where over one third of all Restionaceae species are found.

2012, Els Dorrat-Haaksma, H. Peter Linder, Restios of the Fynbos, →ISBN, page 13:

(botany) A taxonomic family within the order Poales – hundreds of species of flowering plants from the Southern Hemisphere, superficially resembling grasses and sedges.

Anarthria

(family): Anarthrioideae, Centrolepidoideae, Leptocarpoideae, Restionoideae, Sporadanthoideae – subfamilies