Actinopterygii

New Latin, actino- (“having rays”) + Ancient Greek πτέρυξ (ptérux, “wing, fins”).

der

A taxonomic class within the superclass Osteichthyes.

A taxonomic superclass within the infraphylum Gnathostomata.


Xenopterygii

A taxonomic order within the class Actinopterygii – bony fishes; coextensive with the family Gobiesocidae.


Gonostomatoidei

A taxonomic suborder within the order Stomiiformes – the bristlemouths etc.


Betta

New Latin, from Malay ikan bettah, from Malay ikan (“fish”) + Malay bettah (“the name of an ancient warrior tribe”).

Siamese fighting fish
Siamese fighting fish

A taxonomic genus within the family Osphronemidae – fish, including species Betta splendens, the Siamese fighting fish.


Tetraodontidae

Westerners have never quite understood the reverence in Japan for fugu, alternately known in English as puffer fish, globefish or blowfish, of the family Tetraodontidae.

2020 December 4, Ligaya Mishan, “The Appealing and Potentially Lethal Delicacy That Is Fugu”, in The New York Times Style Magazine:

A taxonomic family within the order Tetraodontiformes – a family of fish, such as the pufferfish.


Smegmamorpha

An acronym from the six taxa which originally comprises the group. + -morpha

A taxonomic clade within the superorder Acanthopterygii – including swamp eels, mullets, sticklebacks, sea horses, spiny eels, rainbowfishes, and killifishes.


Acanthodii

A taxonomic class within the infraphylum Gnathostomata – an extinct class of spiny sharks.


Lactarius

From Latin lactārius (“pertaining to milk”), derived from lac (“milk”).

A taxonomic genus within the family Lactariidae – false travallies (fish).


Melanogrammus aeglefinus

A taxonomic species within the family Gadidae – the haddock.


Cottidae

A taxonomic family within the order Perciformes – the family of sculpins.


Zoarcidae

A taxonomic family within the order Perciformes – eelpouts.

Aiakas

(family): Gymnelinae, Lycodinae, Lycozoarcinae, Neozoarcinae, Zoarcinae – subfamiles


Carassius auratus

A taxonomic species within the family Cyprinidae – the goldfish.


Gadus morhua

A taxonomic species within the family Gadidae – Atlantic cod or common cod.


Zoarces viviparus

A taxonomic species within the family Zoarcidae – viviparous blenny.


Zoarces

A taxonomic genus within the family Zoarcidae – certain eelpouts.


Myoxocephalus scorpius

A taxonomic species within the family Cottidae – shorthorn sculpin.


Luciobarbus esocinus

A taxonomic species within the family Cyprinidae – the mangar, a large fish native to the Tigris-Euphrates river system.


Luciobarbus

A taxonomic genus within the family Cyprinidae – the mangar and certain barbels.


Barbinae

A taxonomic subfamily within the family Cyprinidae – many barbs.


Dipturus

A taxonomic genus within the family Rajidae – numerous hardnose skates.


Astyanax

From Ancient Greek Ἀστυάναξ (Astuánax), nickname of the firstborn son of Hector. Some species epithets also refer to the Trojan War.

A taxonomic genus within the family Characidae – numerous fish, including some of the tetras.


Alosinae

A taxonomic subfamily within the family Clupeidae – shads.


Placodermi

New Latin, from Ancient Greek stem of πλάξ (pláx, “something broad or flat”) + δέρμα (dérma, “skin”).

A taxonomic class within the infraphylum Gnathostomata – placoderms, extinct armored fish that lived from the Silurian to the Devonian periods.


Nanochromis transvestitus

Nanochromis + English transvestite + -us

af

English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">transvestite</i>

A taxonomic species within the family Cichlidae – a cichlid, unusual in that the male is more colorful and distinctively marked than the female, endemic to Lake Mai-Ndombe in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.


Diodontidae

A taxonomic family within the order Tetraodontiformes – called porcupinefish.


Anarhichadidae

A taxonomic family within the order Perciformes – wolffish and wolf eel.


Anarhichas

A taxonomic genus within the family Anarhichadidae – wolfishes.


Anarhichas lupus

A taxonomic species within the family Anarhichadidae – Atlantic wolffish.


Anarhichas denticulatus

A taxonomic species within the family Anarhichadidae – rock turbot or northern wolffish, of the North Atlantic.


Cyprinodontidae

A taxonomic family within the order Cyprinodontiformes – killifishes.

Cubanichthys

Cyprinidontini, Orestiniini - tribes in Cyprinodontinae


Osteoglossidae

A taxonomic family within the order Osteoglossiformes – bonytongues.


Anabantiformes

A taxonomic order within the class Teleostei – certain freshwater fish of Asia and Africa.

Anabantidae

(order): Anabantoidei, Channoidei, Nandoidei - suborders


Carangiformes

A taxonomic order within the class Teleostei.


Scopelidae

(obsolete) A taxonomic family within the order Teleostei – certin deep-water teleostean fishes, the type genus now synonymised with genus Myctophum and most species in Scopelidae now in family Myctophidae (lanternfishes).


Opsanus

A taxonomic genus within the family Batrachoididae – toadfishes.


Galaxias

A taxonomic genus within the family Galaxiidae – freshwater fish, principally of Australia and New Zealand.


Helicoprion

From Ancient Greek ἕλιξ (hélix, “helix”) + πρίων (príōn, “saw”).

A taxonomic genus within the family †Helicoprionidae – certain extinct shark-like fish from the Permian, known for their spirally arranged tooth whorls.


Pomatomus saltatrix

A taxonomic species within the family Pomatomidae – the fish species most commonly called bluefish.


Dissostichus mawsoni

Dissostichus + mawsoni, from Ancient Greek δισσός (dissós, “double; twice”) + στίχος (stíkhos, “line”), and (Sir Douglas) Mawson, the leader of an Antarctic expedition during which specimens were collected.

der

A taxonomic species within the family Nototheniidae – Antarctic toothfish.


Dissostichus eleginoides

Patagonian toothfish
Patagonian toothfish

A taxonomic species within the family Nototheniidae – Patagonian toothfish; Chilean sea bass.


Dissostichus

From Ancient Greek δισσός (dissós, “double; twice”) + στίχος (stíkhos, “line”).

A taxonomic genus within the family Nototheniidae – toothfishes.


Channa

From Ancient Greek χάννη (khánnē, “sea perch”).

A taxonomic genus within the family Channidae – snakehead fishes.


Channa maculata

A taxonomic species within the family Channidae – blotched snakehead. a fish native to East Asia.


Notopterus

→ Russian: нотопте́рус (notoptérus)

A taxonomic genus within the family Notopteridae.


Mormyrus

From Ancient Greek μορμύρος (mormúros, “Lithognathus mormyrus (syn. Pagellus mormyrus)”).

bor

A taxonomic genus within the family Mormyridae – certain ray-finned fishes.


Sparus

Borrowed from Latin sparus, itself from Ancient Greek σπάρος (spáros).

A taxonomic genus within the family Sparidae – gilt-head bream.


Gerres

A taxonomic genus within the family Gerreidae – mojarras found mostly in coastal regions from the eastern Atlantic Ocean through the Indian Ocean to the western Pacific.


Girella

A taxonomic genus within the family Kyphosidae – sea chubs mostly native to the Pacific Ocean.


Doradidae

A taxonomic family within the order Siluriformes – thorny catfishes or talking catfishes.


Knightia

Named after American geologist Wilbur Clinton Knight.

named-after

A taxonomic genus within the family Clupeidae – bony fish that lived in the freshwater lakes and rivers of North America and Asia during the Eocene epoch.


Aulostomus

A taxonomic genus within the family Aulostomidae – trumpetfishes.


Heterostraci

From hetero- (“different”, from Ancient Greek ἕτερος (héteros)) + Latin ostracī (“ostracum/ostracon”, genitive noun), literally “of differing ostraca”.

affix

from Ancient Greek <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">ἕτερος</i> (héteros)

A taxonomic subclass within the class Pteraspidomorphi – extinct pteraspidomorph jawless vertebrates that lived primarily in marine and estuary environments.


Assessor

A taxonomic genus within the family Plesiopidae – devilfish.


Auxis thazard

A taxonomic species within the family Scombridae – frigate mackerel, frigate tuna.


Malacanthidae

A taxonomic family within the order Perciformes – tilefishes.

Branchiostegus

(family): Latilinae, Malacanthinae - subfamilies


Clarias batu

From Malay batu (“stone, rock”), referring to the rock and boulder-strewn torrent streams which members of the species inhabit.

A taxonomic species within the family Clariidae – Tioman walking catfish.


Clarias

A taxonomic genus within the family Clariidae.


Clariidae

airbreathing catfish
airbreathing catfish

A taxonomic family within the order Siluriformes – airbreathing catfish.


Halecostomi

A taxonomic clade within the subclass Neopterygii – the halecostomes.


Squaloraja

A taxonomic genus within the family †Squalorajidae – †Squaloraja polyspondyla, sole species.


Brachyglanis

Prefixed with English brachy-, derived from Ancient Greek βραχύς (brakhús).

A taxonomic genus within the family Heptapteridae – certain three-barbed catfishes.


Sparus aurata

The specific epithet is from Latin aurāta (“sea bream”).

A taxonomic species within the family Sparidae – gilt-head bream, dorado, of the Mediterranean and the eastern North Atlantic, now principally from aquaculture.


Cephalopholis

cephalo- (“head”) + Ancient Greek φολῐ́ς f (pholĭ́s, “scale”).

A taxonomic genus within the family Serranidae – certain fish.


Istiophorus

istio- (“sail”, from Ancient Greek ῐ̔στῐ́ον n (hĭstĭ́on, “sail”)) + -phorus m (“-phore, bearer”), literally “sail-bearer”, referring to the dorsal fin or 'sail'.

affix

A taxonomic genus within the family Istiophoridae – sailfish.


Hologymnosus

holo- (“whole; entire”) + gymno- (“naked, bare”) + Latin -ōsus m (“-ous, -ose; forms adjectives”), literally “all-naked”

A taxonomic genus within the family Labridae – ring wrasses.


Acentrogobius

a- (“not”) + centro- (“center, central”) + Latin gōbius m (“goby, gudgeon”), literally “acentral goby/gudgeon”

A taxonomic genus within the subfamily Gobiinae – certain gobies.


Draconetta

Ancient Greek δρᾰ́κων m (drắkōn, “dragon”) + Latin -etta f (“-ette (“diminutive”)”), literally “dragonette”

A taxonomic genus within the family Draconettidae – Draconetta xenica, a species of slope dragonet.


Trachelyopterus

trachel- (“neck”) + lyo- (“to loosen, to dissolve”) + -pterus (“-winged”)

A taxonomic genus within the subfamily Auchenipterinae – certain catfishes.


Luciogobius

From Latin lūcius m (“pike”) + Latin gōbius m (“goby”). Coined by American biologist Theodore Gill in 1859.

coinage

A taxonomic genus within the subfamily Gobionellinae – certain gobies.


Woodsia

A taxonomic genus within the family Woodsiaceae – woodsia ferns.


Minous quincarinatus

Binomial compound of Minous m + New Latin quīncarīnātus m (“five-keeled”).

affix

A taxonomic species within the family Synanceiidae – whitetail goblinfish.


Auchenoglanis

Ancient Greek αὐχήν m (aukhḗn, “neck”) + Latin glanis m (“a kind of fish, likely a catfish or shad”)

A taxonomic genus within the family Claroteidae – certain catfish.


Tetanopsyridae

A taxonomic family within the class Acanthodii – certain extinct spiny sharks.


Liachirus

A taxonomic genus within the family Soleidae – certain soles.


Ambassidae

A taxonomic family within the series Ovalentaria – Asiatic glassfish.


Percomorphaceae

A taxonomic subdivision within the division Acanthopterygii – percomorphacean fish.


Polypterus endlicherii

Polypterus + endlicherii, from German Endlicher (surname), from German endlich (“finite, limited”). Named after Stephan Endlicher.

A taxonomic species within the family Polypteridae – saddled bichir, a species of fish.


Cryptolepis

→ Greek: κρυπτολεπίς (kryptolepís)

crypto- (“hidden, secret”) + Ancient Greek λεπῐ́ς (lepĭ́s, “scale”)

A taxonomic genus within the order Osteolepiformes – certain extinct fishes.


Luoxiongichthys

From Chinese 羅雄 /罗雄 (Luóxióng, “Luoxiong; town in Luoping County, Qujing City, Yunnan, China”, the type locality of this genus) + Ancient Greek ἰχθῡ́ς (ikhthū́s, “fish”).

A taxonomic genus within the clade Halecomorphi – certain extinct bony fish found in modern-day Yunnan.


Typhlonus

From Ancient Greek τυφλώνω (tuphlṓnō, “to blind”).

der

A taxonomic genus within the family Ophidiidae – certain cusk-eels.


Bandringa

Borrowed from English Bandringa (“surname”). Named after Ray Bandringa, the person who discovered the holotype of this animal.

Bandringa rayi
Bandringa rayi#Translingual

A taxonomic genus within the family †Bandringidae – containing only one accepted species, †Bandringa rayi, an extinct elasmobranch, having a very long snout, which makes up half of its body. It appears to have fed via suction feeding, and used its aforementioned long snout, together with needle like spines on its cheek for hunting in murky water.


Bandringa rayi

From Bandringa + English Ray (“name”) + -i. Named after Ray Bandringa, the person who discovered the holotype of this animal.

A taxonomic species within the family †Bandringidae – An extinct elasmobranch, having a very long snout, which makes up half of its body. It appears to have fed via suction feeding, and used its aforementioned long snout, together with needle like spines on its cheek for hunting in murky water; the sole member of the genus †Bandringa.


Glikmanius

From English Glikman (“surname”) + -ius, named in honor of the Russian paleontologist, Dr. Leonid Glikman, who studied this genus and was "the first to propose its ctenacanthiform affinity"

A taxonomic genus within the family †Ctenacanthidae – certain big cartilaginous fish, that lived in the Carboniferous period of North America and Russia.

ru:Гликман, Леонид Сергеевич


Arapaima

→ English: arapaima

A taxonomic genus within the family Arapaimidae – arapaimas.


Diancistrus

From di- (“two”) + Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́γκῐστρον (ắnkĭstron, “fishhook”) + -us (adjectival suffix), literally “two-fishhooked”.

affix

A taxonomic genus within the family Bythitidae – certain viviparous brotulas.


Pogonophryne

From pogono- (“beard”, from Ancient Greek πώγων (pṓgōn)) + Ancient Greek φρῡ́νη (phrū́nē, “toad”).

from Ancient Greek <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">πώγων</i> (pṓgōn)

A taxonomic genus within the family Artedidraconidae – certain plunderfishes.


Leedsichthys

From English Leeds (“surname”) + Ancient Greek ἰχθύς (ikhthús, “fish”), named after Alfred Nicholson Leeds.

A taxonomic genus within the family †Pachycormidae – a gigantic ray-finned fish that lived in the oceans of the Middle to Late Jurassic, 165–148 million years ago.

†Leedsichthys notocetes?

(genus): †Leedsichthys problematicus – type species


Distichodus

→ English: distichodus

A taxonomic genus within the family Distichodontidae – certain freshwater fish, found in Africa.