ཇ

letter ja [dʑà/tɕʰà] of the Tibetan abugida


མོག་མོག

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མོག་མོག • (mog mog)

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饃饃／馍馍 (mómo)


གཡེར་མ

Sichuan pepper, spice derived from Zanthoxylum species


ཤིང་ཚ

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→ Mongolian: шанц (šanc), шанцай (šancaj)

ཤིང (shing, “tree, wood”) + ཚ (tsha, “spicy, hot”)

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specifically Indian cassia (Cinnamomum tamala)


ཡི་གེ

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ཡི་གེ • (yi ge)

→ Wutunhua: yegai


ཚེག

tsheg (intersyllabic division dot in the Tibetan script, written as ་)


མངར་མོ

/ŋaː˥˥.mo˥˥/


འབྲས

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-ras (“rice; fruit; bear fruit; round object”). Compare Proto-Austronesian *bəʀas (“rice”), whence Malay beras and Tagalog bigas.


ཆང་ནད

/t͡ɕʰaŋ˥˥.nɛː˥˨/


རྐང་རྩེད་སྤོ་ལོ

From རྐང (rkang, “foot”) + རྩེད (rtsed, “to play”) + སྤོ་ལོ (spo lo, “ball”).

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bo:རྐང་རྩེད་སྤོ་ལོ།


བོད་ཇ

/pʰøː˩˨.t͡ɕa˥˥/

From བོད (bod, “Tibet”) + ཇ (ja, “tea”).

Tibetan butter tea (Tibetan drink made from tea leaves and yak/cow butter)

bo:ཇ་སྲུབ་མ།


བཀོལ་སྤྱོད

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བཀོལ་སྤྱོད • (bkol spyod)

slavery, forced labor, indentured slavery


ཨ་རག

→ English: ara


རྩམ་པ

→ Chinese: 糌粑

→ English: tsamba

→ German: Tsampa

→ Hindi: चांपा (cāmpā)

→ Kalmyk: җомба (jomba)


ཤད

The punctuation mark །, used analogously to a period.


ཆང

Related to Old Chinese 漿 (OC *ʔsaŋ, “thick fluid, beverage”) (Hill, 2019).


མེ་མདའ

From མེ (me, “fire”) + མདའ (mda', “arrow”).


མདའ

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-da (“arrow”).


ཨེམ་ཆི

ཨེམ་ཆི • (em chi)

/ʔem˥˥.t͡ɕʰi˥˥/

/ʔəm˥˥.t͡ɕʰi˥˥/

From Mongolian ᠡᠮᠴᠢ (emči, “doctor”); compare Modern Khalkha Mongolian эмч (emč).


ཁོ་ཕི

Borrowed from English coffee, from Dutch koffie (“coffee”), from Italian caffè (“coffee”), from Ottoman Turkish قهوه (kahve, “coffee”), from Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa, “coffee, a brew”).


ཞབས་ཀྱུ

/ɕap̚˩˨ t͡ɕu˥˥/

The vowel diacritic ུ, which stands for /u/.


ན་རོ

The vowel diacritic ོ , which stands for /o/.


གི་གུ

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གི་གུ • (gi gu)

The vowel diacritic ི , which stands for /i/.


འགྲེང་བུ

The vowel diacritic ེ , which stands for /e/.


སྨྱུག་གུ

སྨྱུག་གུ • (smyug gu)


མ་བྱན

/ma˩˨.t͡ɕɛ̃ˑ/


དེབ

Shortened from དེབ་ཐེར (deb ther); see there for more.


ཀླད་ཀོར

/lɛː˥˥.koː˥˥/


དབུ་མེད

དབུ་མེད • (dbu med)

Umê script, the cursive style of the Tibetan script used in shorthand and calligraphy.


དབུ་ཅན

Uchen script, the block style of the Tibetan script used in print.


ཞིང་པ

ཞིང (zhing, “field, farmland”) + པ (pa, “nominalisation/agent suffix”)


ཐུག་པ

→ English: thukpa

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थुक्पा [thukpā]

→ Nepali: थुक्पा [thukpā]

Tibetan-style soup, broth, gruel, porridge


སྐྱུར་མོ

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སྐྱུར་མོ • (skyur mo)

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-kjuːr ~ s-kjwaːr (“sour”).


གོ་རེ

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གོ་རེ • (go re)


གུར་གུམ

གུར་གུམ • (gur gum)

Borrowed from Persian کرکم (korkom, “saffron”), presumably from Arabic كُرْكُم (kurkum, “turmeric”).


ཕུར་བ

(Buddhism) A kind of ritual dagger, the kīla.


ཤ་བག་ལེབ

shapale (a Tibetan dish consisting of fried bread containing beef)


འཐེན་ཐུག

thenthuk (traditional hand-pulled noodle soup)


ཀྲིན་མོག

ཀྲིན་མོག • (krin mog)


སྨན་པ

→ Mangghuer: manba

→ Mongghul: smanba

→ Wutunhua: mangba

/mɛ̃˥˥.pa˥˥/

སྨན (sman, “medicine”) + པ (pa, agent suffix).

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སྨན་པ་བསྟེན

སྨན་པ་གྲགས་ཅན


ཁྲེ

Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *khrəj (“millet, rice”).


ཞིམ་པོ

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *dz(y)im. Cognate to Burmese ဆိမ့် (hcim.).

delicious, yummy (of sweet or nutty foods)


བྲོ་བ་ཆེན་པོ

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བྲོ་བ་ཆེན་པོ • (bro ba chen po)


དེབ་སྒྲོམ

དེབ་སྒྲོམ • (deb sgrom)


ཇ་ཀོབ་པི

ཇ་ཀོབ་པི • (ja kob pi)

ཇ (ja, “tea”) + ཀོབ་པི (kob pi, “coffee”), the second element from English coffee.


འགྲེང་པོ

The vowel diacritic ེ, which stands for /e/.


ལི་ཤི་མཚོན་འཁོར

From ལི་ཤི (li shi, “clove”) + མཚོན་འཁོར (mtshon 'khor, “weapon wheel”).


དྲུང་ཡིག

/ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ˩˨.ji(k̚)ˀ˥˥/


ཚན་རིག་པ

/t͡sʰɛ̃˥˥.ʐi˥˨.paˑ/


ཞབས་བྲོ

/ɕap̚˩˧˨.ʐoˑ/


པ་ལུའུ་ཅུན

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པ་ལུའུ་ཅུན • (pa lu'u cun)

/pa˥˥ luː˥˥ t͡ɕỹ˥˥/

Borrowed from Mandarin 八路軍／八路军 (Bālùjūn).

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八路軍／八路军 (Bālùjūn)

(military, historical) Eighth Route Army


སི་པན

/si˥˨.pɛ̃˥˥/


ཀ་རྩོམ

Tibetan alphabetic poem (A poetic form consisting of thirty lines, in which the first letter of each line is one of the consonants of the Tibetan alphabet. That is, the first line begins with ka, the second with kha, and so forth.)


ཤིང་ཀུན

→ Mongolian: шингүн (šingün)

ཤིང (shing, “tree, wood”) + ཀུན (kun). Borrowed from Sanskrit हिङ्गु (hiṅgu), with phono-semantic matching.

Ferula assa-foetida
Ferula assa-foetida#Translingual