totea

tototea (exclusive first-person plural)
fototea (first-person plural)
mitotea (first-person plural)
nototea (exclusive plural second-person)
nitotea (plural second-person)
ototea (masculine plural third-person)
itotea (masculine third-person)
yototea (masculine third-person)
mototea (feminine masculine)
itotea (feminine)
yototea (feminine)
itotea (masculine neuter)
itotea (neuter)
yototea (neuter)

Partial reduplication of teo (“seawater”) with final-vowel alteration.

(stative) Alternative form of teoteo (“to be salty”)


sepa

tosepa (exclusive first-person plural)
fosepa (first-person plural)
misepa (first-person plural)
nosepa (exclusive plural second-person)
nisepa (plural second-person)
osepa (masculine plural third-person)
isepa (masculine third-person)
yosepa (masculine third-person)
mosepa (feminine masculine)
isepa (feminine)
yosepa (feminine)
isepa (masculine neuter)
isepa (neuter)
yosepa (neuter)


sema

tosema (exclusive first-person plural)
fosema (first-person plural)
misema (first-person plural)
nosema (exclusive plural second-person)
nisema (plural second-person)
osema (masculine plural third-person)
isema (masculine third-person)
yosema (masculine third-person)
mosema (feminine masculine)
isema (feminine)
yosema (feminine)
isema (masculine neuter)
isema (neuter)
yosema (neuter)

sema mancia toma ngara

nyao isema toma hito

Ngori tosema pipi


oke

tooke (exclusive first-person plural)
fooke (first-person plural)
mioke (first-person plural)
nooke (exclusive plural second-person)
nioke (plural second-person)
ooke (masculine plural third-person)
ioke (masculine third-person)
yooke (masculine third-person)
mooke (feminine masculine)
ioke (feminine)
yooke (feminine)
ioke (masculine neuter)
ioke (neuter)
yooke (neuter)


rugi

From Malay rugi, from Sanskrit रोग (roga).


rugi

torugi (exclusive first-person plural)
forugi (first-person plural)
mirugi (first-person plural)
norugi (exclusive plural second-person)
nirugi (plural second-person)
orugi (masculine plural third-person)
irugi (masculine third-person)
yorugi (masculine third-person)
morugi (feminine masculine)
irugi (feminine)
yorugi (feminine)
irugi (masculine neuter)
irugi (neuter)
yorugi (neuter)


tulis

totulis (exclusive first-person plural)
fotulis (first-person plural)
mitulis (first-person plural)
notulis (exclusive plural second-person)
nitulis (plural second-person)
otulis (masculine plural third-person)
itulis (masculine third-person)
yotulis (masculine third-person)
motulis (feminine masculine)
itulis (feminine)
yotulis (feminine)
itulis (masculine neuter)
itulis (neuter)
yotulis (neuter)


toti

tototi (exclusive first-person plural)
fototi (first-person plural)
mitoti (first-person plural)
nototi (exclusive plural second-person)
nitoti (plural second-person)
ototi (masculine plural third-person)
itoti (masculine third-person)
yototi (masculine third-person)
mototi (feminine masculine)
itoti (feminine)
yototi (feminine)
itoti (masculine neuter)
itoti (neuter)
yototi (neuter)


ri-

first-person singular possessive prefix, my

unmarked pronouns are gender non-specific


bangsa

From Malay bangsa, from Old Malay vaṃśa, from Sanskrit वंश (vaṃśá, “offspring, lineage, collection”). Cognate of Tagalog bansa.


tauge

From Indonesian tauge, from Hokkien 豆芽 (tāu-gê).


tuga

totuga (exclusive first-person plural)
fotuga (first-person plural)
mituga (first-person plural)
notuga (exclusive plural second-person)
nituga (plural second-person)
otuga (masculine plural third-person)
ituga (masculine third-person)
yotuga (masculine third-person)
motuga (feminine masculine)
ituga (feminine)
yotuga (feminine)
ituga (masculine neuter)
ituga (neuter)
yotuga (neuter)


fesa

tofesa (exclusive first-person plural)
fofesa (first-person plural)
mifesa (first-person plural)
nofesa (exclusive plural second-person)
nifesa (plural second-person)
ofesa (masculine plural third-person)
ifesa (masculine third-person)
yofesa (masculine third-person)
mofesa (feminine masculine)
ifesa (feminine)
yofesa (feminine)
ifesa (masculine neuter)
ifesa (neuter)
yofesa (neuter)

Cognate with Tobelo pehaka, Tabaru pesaka.


furu

tofuru (exclusive first-person plural)
fofuru (first-person plural)
mifuru (first-person plural)
nofuru (exclusive plural second-person)
nifuru (plural second-person)
ofuru (masculine plural third-person)
ifuru (masculine third-person)
yofuru (masculine third-person)
mofuru (feminine masculine)
ifuru (feminine)
yofuru (feminine)
ifuru (masculine neuter)
ifuru (neuter)
yofuru (neuter)


anga

toanga (exclusive first-person plural)
foanga (first-person plural)
mianga (first-person plural)
noanga (exclusive plural second-person)
nianga (plural second-person)
oanga (masculine plural third-person)
ianga (masculine third-person)
yoanga (masculine third-person)
moanga (feminine masculine)
ianga (feminine)
yoanga (feminine)
ianga (masculine neuter)
ianga (neuter)
yoanga (neuter)


usu

tousu (exclusive first-person plural)
fousu (first-person plural)
miusu (first-person plural)
nousu (exclusive plural second-person)
niusu (plural second-person)
ousu (masculine plural third-person)
iusu (masculine third-person)
yousu (masculine third-person)
mousu (feminine masculine)
iusu (feminine)
yousu (feminine)
iusu (masculine neuter)
iusu (neuter)
yousu (neuter)


lako

From Proto-North Halmahera *lako (“eye”).


riki

toriki (exclusive first-person plural)
foriki (first-person plural)
miriki (first-person plural)
noriki (exclusive plural second-person)
niriki (plural second-person)
oriki (masculine plural third-person)
iriki (masculine third-person)
yoriki (masculine third-person)
moriki (feminine masculine)
iriki (feminine)
yoriki (feminine)
iriki (masculine neuter)
iriki (neuter)
yoriki (neuter)


riki

(transitive) to know, to gain knowledge of


fao

tofao (exclusive first-person plural)
fofao (first-person plural)
mifao (first-person plural)
nofao (exclusive plural second-person)
nifao (plural second-person)
ofao (masculine plural third-person)
ifao (masculine third-person)
yofao (masculine third-person)
mofao (feminine masculine)
ifao (feminine)
yofao (feminine)
ifao (masculine neuter)
ifao (neuter)
yofao (neuter)


foso

tofoso (exclusive first-person plural)
fofoso (first-person plural)
mifoso (first-person plural)
nofoso (exclusive plural second-person)
nifoso (plural second-person)
ofoso (masculine plural third-person)
ifoso (masculine third-person)
yofoso (masculine third-person)
mofoso (feminine masculine)
ifoso (feminine)
yofoso (feminine)
ifoso (masculine neuter)
ifoso (neuter)
yofoso (neuter)


ngon

head

ngon (subject clitic ni, possessive prefix na)

Alternative form of ngoni (“you all (plural)”)


ngon

ngon (subject clitic no, possessive prefix ni)

no (clitic subjective)
ni (possessive prefix)

(formal) Alternative form of ngoni (“you (singular)”)


rusu

torusu (exclusive first-person plural)
forusu (first-person plural)
mirusu (first-person plural)
norusu (exclusive plural second-person)
nirusu (plural second-person)
orusu (masculine plural third-person)
irusu (masculine third-person)
yorusu (masculine third-person)
morusu (feminine masculine)
irusu (feminine)
yorusu (feminine)
irusu (masculine neuter)
irusu (neuter)
yorusu (neuter)


fores

From Dutch voorhuis, from Middle Dutch vorehuus.


kakus

From Indonesian kakus, from Dutch kakhuis.


kofi

Presumably from Dutch koffie (“coffee”).


adi

toadi (exclusive first-person plural)
foadi (first-person plural)
miadi (first-person plural)
noadi (exclusive plural second-person)
niadi (plural second-person)
oadi (masculine plural third-person)
iadi (masculine third-person)
yoadi (masculine third-person)
moadi (feminine masculine)
iadi (feminine)
yoadi (feminine)
iadi (masculine neuter)
iadi (neuter)
yoadi (neuter)


adi

Ngori tokodiho adi


falo

tofalo (exclusive first-person plural)
fofalo (first-person plural)
mifalo (first-person plural)
nofalo (exclusive plural second-person)
nifalo (plural second-person)
ofalo (masculine plural third-person)
ifalo (masculine third-person)
yofalo (masculine third-person)
mofalo (feminine masculine)
ifalo (feminine)
yofalo (feminine)
ifalo (masculine neuter)
ifalo (neuter)
yofalo (neuter)

to bail, to remove water with a bucket (from a boat, etc.)


bibi

any of several fish in Tetraodontidae and Ostraciidae


duko

Compare East Makian dukon (“volcanic eruption”).

a stream of lava; stones released in a volcanic eruption


tuso

totuso (exclusive first-person plural)
fotuso (first-person plural)
mituso (first-person plural)
notuso (exclusive plural second-person)
nituso (plural second-person)
otuso (masculine plural third-person)
ituso (masculine third-person)
yotuso (masculine third-person)
motuso (feminine masculine)
ituso (feminine)
yotuso (feminine)
ituso (masculine neuter)
ituso (neuter)
yotuso (neuter)


tusa

Cognate with Ambonese Malay tusa (“cat”).

tusa malako


pilo

topilo (exclusive first-person plural)
fopilo (first-person plural)
mipilo (first-person plural)
nopilo (exclusive plural second-person)
nipilo (plural second-person)
opilo (masculine plural third-person)
ipilo (masculine third-person)
yopilo (masculine third-person)
mopilo (feminine masculine)
ipilo (feminine)
yopilo (feminine)
ipilo (masculine neuter)
ipilo (neuter)
yopilo (neuter)


fati

tofati (exclusive first-person plural)
fofati (first-person plural)
mifati (first-person plural)
nofati (exclusive plural second-person)
nifati (plural second-person)
ofati (masculine plural third-person)
ifati (masculine third-person)
yofati (masculine third-person)
mofati (feminine masculine)
ifati (feminine)
yofati (feminine)
ifati (masculine neuter)
ifati (neuter)
yofati (neuter)


sanga

tosanga (exclusive first-person plural)
fosanga (first-person plural)
misanga (first-person plural)
nosanga (exclusive plural second-person)
nisanga (plural second-person)
osanga (masculine plural third-person)
isanga (masculine third-person)
yosanga (masculine third-person)
mosanga (feminine masculine)
isanga (feminine)
yosanga (feminine)
isanga (masculine neuter)
isanga (neuter)
yosanga (neuter)


afu

toafu (exclusive first-person plural)
foafu (first-person plural)
miafu (first-person plural)
noafu (exclusive plural second-person)
niafu (plural second-person)
oafu (masculine plural third-person)
iafu (masculine third-person)
yoafu (masculine third-person)
moafu (feminine masculine)
iafu (feminine)
yoafu (feminine)
iafu (masculine neuter)
iafu (neuter)
yoafu (neuter)


na-

first-person plural inclusive possessive prefix, our

second-person plural possessive prefix, your

(human) third-person plural possessive prefix, their


boho

toboho (exclusive first-person plural)
foboho (first-person plural)
miboho (first-person plural)
noboho (exclusive plural second-person)
niboho (plural second-person)
oboho (masculine plural third-person)
iboho (masculine third-person)
yoboho (masculine third-person)
moboho (feminine masculine)
iboho (feminine)
yoboho (feminine)
iboho (masculine neuter)
iboho (neuter)
yoboho (neuter)


wiji

Likely from Javanese ꦮꦶꦗꦶ (wiji, “seed”) (cf. ꦮꦶꦗꦺꦤ꧀ (wijèn, “sesame seed”)), from Old Javanese wiji.


weku

toweku (exclusive first-person plural)
foweku (first-person plural)
miweku (first-person plural)
noweku (exclusive plural second-person)
niweku (plural second-person)
oweku (masculine plural third-person)
iweku (masculine third-person)
yoweku (masculine third-person)
moweku (feminine masculine)
iweku (feminine)
yoweku (feminine)
iweku (masculine neuter)
iweku (neuter)
yoweku (neuter)


kuraci

tokuraci (exclusive first-person plural)
fokuraci (first-person plural)
mikuraci (first-person plural)
nokuraci (exclusive plural second-person)
nikuraci (plural second-person)
okuraci (masculine plural third-person)
ikuraci (masculine third-person)
yokuraci (masculine third-person)
mokuraci (feminine masculine)
ikuraci (feminine)
yokuraci (feminine)
ikuraci (masculine neuter)
ikuraci (neuter)
yokuraci (neuter)


ngoni

ngoni (subject clitic ni, possessive prefix na, Jawi ڠوني)


ngoni

ngoni (subject clitic no, possessive prefix ni, Jawi ڠوني)

no (clitic subjective)
ni (possessive prefix)
ڠوني (Jawi)

(formal) second-person singular pronoun, you


benga

tobenga (exclusive first-person plural)
fobenga (first-person plural)
mibenga (first-person plural)
nobenga (exclusive plural second-person)
nibenga (plural second-person)
obenga (masculine plural third-person)
ibenga (masculine third-person)
yobenga (masculine third-person)
mobenga (feminine masculine)
ibenga (feminine)
yobenga (feminine)
ibenga (masculine neuter)
ibenga (neuter)
yobenga (neuter)


bete

→ Gorontalo: bete

Colocasia antiquorum
Colocasia antiquorum


biau

tobiau (exclusive first-person plural)
fobiau (first-person plural)
mibiau (first-person plural)
nobiau (exclusive plural second-person)
nibiau (plural second-person)
obiau (masculine plural third-person)
ibiau (masculine third-person)
yobiau (masculine third-person)
mobiau (feminine masculine)
ibiau (feminine)
yobiau (feminine)
ibiau (masculine neuter)
ibiau (neuter)
yobiau (neuter)


توم

From Javanese ꦠꦺꦴꦩ꧀ (tom), from Old Javanese tom.

Indigofera tinctoria
Indigofera tinctoria#Translingual


tofo

totofo (exclusive first-person plural)
fotofo (first-person plural)
mitofo (first-person plural)
notofo (exclusive plural second-person)
nitofo (plural second-person)
otofo (masculine plural third-person)
itofo (masculine third-person)
yotofo (masculine third-person)
motofo (feminine masculine)
itofo (feminine)
yotofo (feminine)
itofo (masculine neuter)
itofo (neuter)
yotofo (neuter)


ube

the slender sprat (Spratelloides gracilis)

the Indian anchovy (Stolephorus indicus)


sofo

From Proto-North Halmahera *sopok (“fruit”).


sofo

tosofo (exclusive first-person plural)
fosofo (first-person plural)
misofo (first-person plural)
nosofo (exclusive plural second-person)
nisofo (plural second-person)
osofo (masculine plural third-person)
isofo (masculine third-person)
yosofo (masculine third-person)
mosofo (feminine masculine)
isofo (feminine)
yosofo (feminine)
isofo (masculine neuter)
isofo (neuter)
yosofo (neuter)


tuko

totuko (exclusive first-person plural)
fotuko (first-person plural)
mituko (first-person plural)
notuko (exclusive plural second-person)
nituko (plural second-person)
otuko (masculine plural third-person)
ituko (masculine third-person)
yotuko (masculine third-person)
motuko (feminine masculine)
ituko (feminine)
yotuko (feminine)
ituko (masculine neuter)
ituko (neuter)
yotuko (neuter)


ajali

the limit of one's life, one's allotted lifespan


wako

towako (exclusive first-person plural)
fowako (first-person plural)
miwako (first-person plural)
nowako (exclusive plural second-person)
niwako (plural second-person)
owako (masculine plural third-person)
iwako (masculine third-person)
yowako (masculine third-person)
mowako (feminine masculine)
iwako (feminine)
yowako (feminine)
iwako (masculine neuter)
iwako (neuter)
yowako (neuter)


timu

totimu (exclusive first-person plural)
fotimu (first-person plural)
mitimu (first-person plural)
notimu (exclusive plural second-person)
nitimu (plural second-person)
otimu (masculine plural third-person)
itimu (masculine third-person)
yotimu (masculine third-person)
motimu (feminine masculine)
itimu (feminine)
yotimu (feminine)
itimu (masculine neuter)
itimu (neuter)
yotimu (neuter)

a Alternative form of timi (“to skin, peel”)


wito

towito (exclusive first-person plural)
fowito (first-person plural)
miwito (first-person plural)
nowito (exclusive plural second-person)
niwito (plural second-person)
owito (masculine plural third-person)
iwito (masculine third-person)
yowito (masculine third-person)
mowito (feminine masculine)
iwito (feminine)
yowito (feminine)
iwito (masculine neuter)
iwito (neuter)
yowito (neuter)


tofore

totofore (exclusive first-person plural)
fotofore (first-person plural)
mitofore (first-person plural)
notofore (exclusive plural second-person)
nitofore (plural second-person)
otofore (masculine plural third-person)
itofore (masculine third-person)
yotofore (masculine third-person)
motofore (feminine masculine)
itofore (feminine)
yotofore (feminine)
itofore (masculine neuter)
itofore (neuter)
yotofore (neuter)


haiwan

From Malay haiwan, from Classical Persian حَیوان (haywān), from Arabic حَيَوَان (ḥayawān).


tibo

totibo (exclusive first-person plural)
fotibo (first-person plural)
mitibo (first-person plural)
notibo (exclusive plural second-person)
nitibo (plural second-person)
otibo (masculine plural third-person)
itibo (masculine third-person)
yotibo (masculine third-person)
motibo (feminine masculine)
itibo (feminine)
yotibo (feminine)
itibo (masculine neuter)
itibo (neuter)
yotibo (neuter)


omu

toomu (exclusive first-person plural)
foomu (first-person plural)
miomu (first-person plural)
noomu (exclusive plural second-person)
niomu (plural second-person)
oomu (masculine plural third-person)
iomu (masculine third-person)
yoomu (masculine third-person)
moomu (feminine masculine)
iomu (feminine)
yoomu (feminine)
iomu (masculine neuter)
iomu (neuter)
yoomu (neuter)


sasa

tosasa (exclusive first-person plural)
fosasa (first-person plural)
misasa (first-person plural)
nosasa (exclusive plural second-person)
nisasa (plural second-person)
osasa (masculine plural third-person)
isasa (masculine third-person)
yosasa (masculine third-person)
mosasa (feminine masculine)
isasa (feminine)
yosasa (feminine)
isasa (masculine neuter)
isasa (neuter)
yosasa (neuter)


tagetage

تاݢي تاݢي (Jawi)

Possibly cognate with Javanese ꦠꦼꦏꦶ (teki, “Cyperus rotundus”). This etymon is also possibly reflected in the Ternate takki recorded by Filet, a term which de Clercq labels "minder goed" (“not as good”).

cog

Cyperus rotundus
Cyperus rotundus#Translingual


wuna

towuna (exclusive first-person plural)
fowuna (first-person plural)
miwuna (first-person plural)
nowuna (exclusive plural second-person)
niwuna (plural second-person)
owuna (masculine plural third-person)
iwuna (masculine third-person)
yowuna (masculine third-person)
mowuna (feminine masculine)
iwuna (feminine)
yowuna (feminine)
iwuna (masculine neuter)
iwuna (neuter)
yowuna (neuter)


boki

→ Gorontalo: boki


boti

toboti (exclusive first-person plural)
foboti (first-person plural)
miboti (first-person plural)
noboti (exclusive plural second-person)
niboti (plural second-person)
oboti (masculine plural third-person)
iboti (masculine third-person)
yoboti (masculine third-person)
moboti (feminine masculine)
iboti (feminine)
yoboti (feminine)
iboti (masculine neuter)
iboti (neuter)
yoboti (neuter)


piring

From Malay piring, from Classical Persian پرنگ (piring). Doublet of piri.


fo-

Cognate with Tehit f- (“first-person plural inclusive prefix”).

first-person plural inclusive clitic, we


talam

From Malay talam, from Tamil தளம் (taḷam).


bastel

tobastel (exclusive first-person plural)
fobastel (first-person plural)
mibastel (first-person plural)
nobastel (exclusive plural second-person)
nibastel (plural second-person)
obastel (masculine plural third-person)
ibastel (masculine third-person)
yobastel (masculine third-person)
mobastel (feminine masculine)
ibastel (feminine)
yobastel (feminine)
ibastel (masculine neuter)
ibastel (neuter)
yobastel (neuter)


bidadari

From Classical Malay بيداداري, from Sanskrit विद्याधरी (vidyādharī).


sobat

From Malay sobat, from Arabic صَحَابَة (ṣaḥāba, “friend”).


توله

Said by de Clercq to be from Classical Malay تولق (tolak) (cf. Modern Malay tolak).

(transitive) to decrease or reduce one's salary


tungi

totungi (exclusive first-person plural)
fotungi (first-person plural)
mitungi (first-person plural)
notungi (exclusive plural second-person)
nitungi (plural second-person)
otungi (masculine plural third-person)
itungi (masculine third-person)
yotungi (masculine third-person)
motungi (feminine masculine)
itungi (feminine)
yotungi (feminine)
itungi (masculine neuter)
itungi (neuter)
yotungi (neuter)

(transitive) to scale, to descale (a fish, etc.)


jiko

From N- (nominalizer) + ciko (“crooked, bent”), cognate with Sahu ji'o (“bay”). However, compare also Proto-Austronesian *sikux (“elbow”).


siu

tosiu (exclusive first-person plural)
fosiu (first-person plural)
misiu (first-person plural)
nosiu (exclusive plural second-person)
nisiu (plural second-person)
osiu (masculine plural third-person)
isiu (masculine third-person)
yosiu (masculine third-person)
mosiu (feminine masculine)
isiu (feminine)
yosiu (feminine)
isiu (masculine neuter)
isiu (neuter)
yosiu (neuter)


asli

Borrowed from Malay asli (“original”), from Arabic أَصْلِيّ (ʔaṣliyy).


fodi

tofodi (exclusive first-person plural)
fofodi (first-person plural)
mifodi (first-person plural)
nofodi (exclusive plural second-person)
nifodi (plural second-person)
ofodi (masculine plural third-person)
ifodi (masculine third-person)
yofodi (masculine third-person)
mofodi (feminine masculine)
ifodi (feminine)
yofodi (feminine)
ifodi (masculine neuter)
ifodi (neuter)
yofodi (neuter)


sungi

tosungi (exclusive first-person plural)
fosungi (first-person plural)
misungi (first-person plural)
nosungi (exclusive plural second-person)
nisungi (plural second-person)
osungi (masculine plural third-person)
isungi (masculine third-person)
yosungi (masculine third-person)
mosungi (feminine masculine)
isungi (feminine)
yosungi (feminine)
isungi (masculine neuter)
isungi (neuter)
yosungi (neuter)


talat

totalat (exclusive first-person plural)
fotalat (first-person plural)
mitalat (first-person plural)
notalat (exclusive plural second-person)
nitalat (plural second-person)
otalat (masculine plural third-person)
italat (masculine third-person)
yotalat (masculine third-person)
motalat (feminine masculine)
italat (feminine)
yotalat (feminine)
italat (masculine neuter)
italat (neuter)
yotalat (neuter)

From Indonesian telat, from Dutch te (“too”) + laat (“late, tardy”).

(stative) to be late (not arriving until after an expected time)


sado

tosado (exclusive first-person plural)
fosado (first-person plural)
misado (first-person plural)
nosado (exclusive plural second-person)
nisado (plural second-person)
osado (masculine plural third-person)
isado (masculine third-person)
yosado (masculine third-person)
mosado (feminine masculine)
isado (feminine)
yosado (feminine)
isado (masculine neuter)
isado (neuter)
yosado (neuter)

(stative) to be complete, completed, finished


teto

toteto (exclusive first-person plural)
foteto (first-person plural)
miteto (first-person plural)
noteto (exclusive plural second-person)
niteto (plural second-person)
oteto (masculine plural third-person)
iteto (masculine third-person)
yoteto (masculine third-person)
moteto (feminine masculine)
iteto (feminine)
yoteto (feminine)
iteto (masculine neuter)
iteto (neuter)
yoteto (neuter)


wange

mawange


taji

totaji (exclusive first-person plural)
fotaji (first-person plural)
mitaji (first-person plural)
notaji (exclusive plural second-person)
nitaji (plural second-person)
otaji (masculine plural third-person)
itaji (masculine third-person)
yotaji (masculine third-person)
motaji (feminine masculine)
itaji (feminine)
yotaji (feminine)
itaji (masculine neuter)
itaji (neuter)
yotaji (neuter)

Possibly related to Malay taji (“a spur”).

(transitive) to stick into, to pierce, stab


raku

toraku (exclusive first-person plural)
foraku (first-person plural)
miraku (first-person plural)
noraku (exclusive plural second-person)
niraku (plural second-person)
oraku (masculine plural third-person)
iraku (masculine third-person)
yoraku (masculine third-person)
moraku (feminine masculine)
iraku (feminine)
yoraku (feminine)
iraku (masculine neuter)
iraku (neuter)
yoraku (neuter)


tabi

totabi (exclusive first-person plural)
fotabi (first-person plural)
mitabi (first-person plural)
notabi (exclusive plural second-person)
nitabi (plural second-person)
otabi (masculine plural third-person)
itabi (masculine third-person)
yotabi (masculine third-person)
motabi (feminine masculine)
itabi (feminine)
yotabi (feminine)
itabi (masculine neuter)
itabi (neuter)
yotabi (neuter)


silet

Borrowed from Indonesian silet, from English Gillette.


tege

totege (exclusive first-person plural)
fotege (first-person plural)
mitege (first-person plural)
notege (exclusive plural second-person)
nitege (plural second-person)
otege (masculine plural third-person)
itege (masculine third-person)
yotege (masculine third-person)
motege (feminine masculine)
itege (feminine)
yotege (feminine)
itege (masculine neuter)
itege (neuter)
yotege (neuter)


rogi

torogi (exclusive first-person plural)
forogi (first-person plural)
mirogi (first-person plural)
norogi (exclusive plural second-person)
nirogi (plural second-person)
orogi (masculine plural third-person)
irogi (masculine third-person)
yorogi (masculine third-person)
morogi (feminine masculine)
irogi (feminine)
yorogi (feminine)
irogi (masculine neuter)
irogi (neuter)
yorogi (neuter)


rorum

From older rorumu, with word-final vowel deletion.

Alternative form of rorumu (Heritiera littoralis)


rore

Setaria italica
Setaria italica#Translingual


tigo

totigo (exclusive first-person plural)
fotigo (first-person plural)
mitigo (first-person plural)
notigo (exclusive plural second-person)
nitigo (plural second-person)
otigo (masculine plural third-person)
itigo (masculine third-person)
yotigo (masculine third-person)
motigo (feminine masculine)
itigo (feminine)
yotigo (feminine)
itigo (masculine neuter)
itigo (neuter)
yotigo (neuter)


tigo

Possibly assimilated from Malay tinggal. However, de Clercq lists the verbs tikah and tego of almost identical meaning, of one of which this may be a descendant.


fako

tofako (exclusive first-person plural)
fofako (first-person plural)
mifako (first-person plural)
nofako (exclusive plural second-person)
nifako (plural second-person)
ofako (masculine plural third-person)
ifako (masculine third-person)
yofako (masculine third-person)
mofako (feminine masculine)
ifako (feminine)
yofako (feminine)
ifako (masculine neuter)
ifako (neuter)
yofako (neuter)


bose

Solanum nigrum
Solanum nigrum#Translingual

the European black nightshade (Solanum nigrum)


gani

From Proto-North Halmahera *gani (“head louse”).


futa

tofuta (exclusive first-person plural)
fofuta (first-person plural)
mifuta (first-person plural)
nofuta (exclusive plural second-person)
nifuta (plural second-person)
ofuta (masculine plural third-person)
ifuta (masculine third-person)
yofuta (masculine third-person)
mofuta (feminine masculine)
ifuta (feminine)
yofuta (feminine)
ifuta (masculine neuter)
ifuta (neuter)
yofuta (neuter)


tiba

totiba (exclusive first-person plural)
fotiba (first-person plural)
mitiba (first-person plural)
notiba (exclusive plural second-person)
nitiba (plural second-person)
otiba (masculine plural third-person)
itiba (masculine third-person)
yotiba (masculine third-person)
motiba (feminine masculine)
itiba (feminine)
yotiba (feminine)
itiba (masculine neuter)
itiba (neuter)
yotiba (neuter)


uku

From Proto-North Halmahera *uku (“fire”).


woma

towoma (exclusive first-person plural)
fowoma (first-person plural)
miwoma (first-person plural)
nowoma (exclusive plural second-person)
niwoma (plural second-person)
owoma (masculine plural third-person)
iwoma (masculine third-person)
yowoma (masculine third-person)
mowoma (feminine masculine)
iwoma (feminine)
yowoma (feminine)
iwoma (masculine neuter)
iwoma (neuter)
yowoma (neuter)


nita

نيته (Jawi)
tonita (exclusive first-person plural)
fonita (first-person plural)
minita (first-person plural)
nonita (exclusive plural second-person)
ninita (plural second-person)
onita (masculine plural third-person)
inita (masculine third-person)
yonita (masculine third-person)
monita (feminine masculine)
inita (feminine)
yonita (feminine)
inita (masculine neuter)
inita (neuter)
yonita (neuter)


tabako

From Portuguese tabaco, from Spanish tabaco.


sasu

tosasu (exclusive first-person plural)
fosasu (first-person plural)
misasu (first-person plural)
nosasu (exclusive plural second-person)
nisasu (plural second-person)
osasu (masculine plural third-person)
isasu (masculine third-person)
yosasu (masculine third-person)
mosasu (feminine masculine)
isasu (feminine)
yosasu (feminine)
isasu (masculine neuter)
isasu (neuter)
yosasu (neuter)


sonoto

tosonoto (exclusive first-person plural)
fosonoto (first-person plural)
misonoto (first-person plural)
nosonoto (exclusive plural second-person)
nisonoto (plural second-person)
osonoto (masculine plural third-person)
isonoto (masculine third-person)
yosonoto (masculine third-person)
mosonoto (feminine masculine)
isonoto (feminine)
yosonoto (feminine)
isonoto (masculine neuter)
isonoto (neuter)
yosonoto (neuter)


udi

toudi (exclusive first-person plural)
foudi (first-person plural)
miudi (first-person plural)
noudi (exclusive plural second-person)
niudi (plural second-person)
oudi (masculine plural third-person)
iudi (masculine third-person)
youdi (masculine third-person)
moudi (feminine masculine)
iudi (feminine)
youdi (feminine)
iudi (masculine neuter)
iudi (neuter)
youdi (neuter)


foko

tofoko (exclusive first-person plural)
fofoko (first-person plural)
mifoko (first-person plural)
nofoko (exclusive plural second-person)
nifoko (plural second-person)
ofoko (masculine plural third-person)
ifoko (masculine third-person)
yofoko (masculine third-person)
mofoko (feminine masculine)
ifoko (feminine)
yofoko (feminine)
ifoko (masculine neuter)
ifoko (neuter)
yofoko (neuter)


togu

totogu (exclusive first-person plural)
fotogu (first-person plural)
mitogu (first-person plural)
notogu (exclusive plural second-person)
nitogu (plural second-person)
otogu (masculine plural third-person)
itogu (masculine third-person)
yotogu (masculine third-person)
motogu (feminine masculine)
itogu (feminine)
yotogu (feminine)
itogu (masculine neuter)
itogu (neuter)
yotogu (neuter)


toku

totoku (exclusive first-person plural)
fotoku (first-person plural)
mitoku (first-person plural)
notoku (exclusive plural second-person)
nitoku (plural second-person)
otoku (masculine plural third-person)
itoku (masculine third-person)
yotoku (masculine third-person)
motoku (feminine masculine)
itoku (feminine)
yotoku (feminine)
itoku (masculine neuter)
itoku (neuter)
yotoku (neuter)


wato

towato (exclusive first-person plural)
fowato (first-person plural)
miwato (first-person plural)
nowato (exclusive plural second-person)
niwato (plural second-person)
owato (masculine plural third-person)
iwato (masculine third-person)
yowato (masculine third-person)
mowato (feminine masculine)
iwato (feminine)
yowato (feminine)
iwato (masculine neuter)
iwato (neuter)
yowato (neuter)


salaka

From Javanese selaka, from Old Javanese salaka.


wele

towele (exclusive first-person plural)
fowele (first-person plural)
miwele (first-person plural)
nowele (exclusive plural second-person)
niwele (plural second-person)
owele (masculine plural third-person)
iwele (masculine third-person)
yowele (masculine third-person)
mowele (feminine masculine)
iwele (feminine)
yowele (feminine)
iwele (masculine neuter)
iwele (neuter)
yowele (neuter)


rairai

An ox knee plant (Achyranthes bidentata)


riri

toriri (exclusive first-person plural)
foriri (first-person plural)
miriri (first-person plural)
noriri (exclusive plural second-person)
niriri (plural second-person)
oriri (masculine plural third-person)
iriri (masculine third-person)
yoriri (masculine third-person)
moriri (feminine masculine)
iriri (feminine)
yoriri (feminine)
iriri (masculine neuter)
iriri (neuter)
yoriri (neuter)


ruku

toruku (exclusive first-person plural)
foruku (first-person plural)
miruku (first-person plural)
noruku (exclusive plural second-person)
niruku (plural second-person)
oruku (masculine plural third-person)
iruku (masculine third-person)
yoruku (masculine third-person)
moruku (feminine masculine)
iruku (feminine)
yoruku (feminine)
iruku (masculine neuter)
iruku (neuter)
yoruku (neuter)


ahu

toahu (exclusive first-person plural)
foahu (first-person plural)
miahu (first-person plural)
noahu (exclusive plural second-person)
niahu (plural second-person)
oahu (masculine plural third-person)
iahu (masculine third-person)
yoahu (masculine third-person)
moahu (feminine masculine)
iahu (feminine)
yoahu (feminine)
iahu (masculine neuter)
iahu (neuter)
yoahu (neuter)

From Proto-North Halmahera *oho (“live”).


ruru

toruru (exclusive first-person plural)
foruru (first-person plural)
miruru (first-person plural)
noruru (exclusive plural second-person)
niruru (plural second-person)
oruru (masculine plural third-person)
iruru (masculine third-person)
yoruru (masculine third-person)
moruru (feminine masculine)
iruru (feminine)
yoruru (feminine)
iruru (masculine neuter)
iruru (neuter)
yoruru (neuter)


akeake

toakeake (exclusive first-person plural)
foakeake (first-person plural)
miakeake (first-person plural)
noakeake (exclusive plural second-person)
niakeake (plural second-person)
oakeake (masculine plural third-person)
iakeake (masculine third-person)
yoakeake (masculine third-person)
moakeake (feminine masculine)
iakeake (feminine)
yoakeake (feminine)
iakeake (masculine neuter)
iakeake (neuter)
yoakeake (neuter)

(stative) to be watery, tasteless, bland


turu

toturu (exclusive first-person plural)
foturu (first-person plural)
mituru (first-person plural)
noturu (exclusive plural second-person)
nituru (plural second-person)
oturu (masculine plural third-person)
ituru (masculine third-person)
yoturu (masculine third-person)
moturu (feminine masculine)
ituru (feminine)
yoturu (feminine)
ituru (masculine neuter)
ituru (neuter)
yoturu (neuter)


soro

tosoro (exclusive first-person plural)
fosoro (first-person plural)
misoro (first-person plural)
nosoro (exclusive plural second-person)
nisoro (plural second-person)
osoro (masculine plural third-person)
isoro (masculine third-person)
yosoro (masculine third-person)
mosoro (feminine masculine)
isoro (feminine)
yosoro (feminine)
isoro (masculine neuter)
isoro (neuter)
yosoro (neuter)


cabu

ngori pipi cabu mai ua

I have no money at all (literally, “my money, even a little is not”)


cabu

hoi ngara cabu

used to make a request or imperative sentence polite; please


susa

tosusa (exclusive first-person plural)
fosusa (first-person plural)
misusa (first-person plural)
nosusa (exclusive plural second-person)
nisusa (plural second-person)
osusa (masculine plural third-person)
isusa (masculine third-person)
yosusa (masculine third-person)
mosusa (feminine masculine)
isusa (feminine)
yosusa (feminine)
isusa (masculine neuter)
isusa (neuter)
yosusa (neuter)


tarima

totarima (exclusive first-person plural)
fotarima (first-person plural)
mitarima (first-person plural)
notarima (exclusive plural second-person)
nitarima (plural second-person)
otarima (masculine plural third-person)
itarima (masculine third-person)
yotarima (masculine third-person)
motarima (feminine masculine)
itarima (feminine)
yotarima (feminine)
itarima (masculine neuter)
itarima (neuter)
yotarima (neuter)


Ahad

From the older Ahadi, with word-final vowel deletion.


ni-

Cognate with Tehit n- (“second-person prefix”).


ni-

second-person singular possessive pronoun, your


ligua

Pterocarpus indicus
Pterocarpus indicus#Translingual

the Burmese rosewood, angsana (Pterocarpus indicus)


toho

totoho (exclusive first-person plural)
fotoho (first-person plural)
mitoho (first-person plural)
notoho (exclusive plural second-person)
nitoho (plural second-person)
otoho (masculine plural third-person)
itoho (masculine third-person)
yotoho (masculine third-person)
motoho (feminine masculine)
itoho (feminine)
yotoho (feminine)
itoho (masculine neuter)
itoho (neuter)
yotoho (neuter)


mi-

Cognate with Tehit m- (“first-person plural exclusive prefix”).

cog

first-person plural exclusive clitic, we

first-person plural exclusive possessive pronoun, our

(feminine) third-person singular possessive pronoun, her


ma-

(non-human) third-person singular and plural possessive prefix, its, their

haka ngori maobo

give me the bone (literally, “give me its bone”)

mangofa hotu

the child sleeps (literally, “its child sleeps”)


ma-

marks certain verbal aspects
indicates prolonged duration

ma- + kokehe (“to cough”) → makokehe (“to cough repeatedly”)

marks certain verbal aspects
indicates repeated action

marks certain verbal aspects
indicates habitual action

indicates an action undertaken by multiple subjects


ma-

ma- + doto (“to teach”) → madoto (“to learn”)

ma- + hodo (“to pour”) → mahodo (“to bathe”)

ma- + ngadi (“to clothe (another)”) → mangadi (“to put on clothes, to don”)


walirang

From Javanese ꦮꦼꦭꦶꦫꦁ (welirang), from Old Javanese waliraṅ.


tuala

From Malay tuala, from Portuguese toalha. Compare Tagalog tuwalya, Spanish toalla.


widu

any of several fish of the genus Kyphosus


gange

Likely contains the same element as found in raange (“three”).

two days after tomorrow
two days after tomorrow

three days after today, two days after tomorrow


hohe

tohohe (exclusive first-person plural)
fohohe (first-person plural)
mihohe (first-person plural)
nohohe (exclusive plural second-person)
nihohe (plural second-person)
ohohe (masculine plural third-person)
ihohe (masculine third-person)
yohohe (masculine third-person)
mohohe (feminine masculine)
ihohe (feminine)
yohohe (feminine)
ihohe (masculine neuter)
ihohe (neuter)
yohohe (neuter)

Ngori toharahara hohe


woha

towoha (exclusive first-person plural)
fowoha (first-person plural)
miwoha (first-person plural)
nowoha (exclusive plural second-person)
niwoha (plural second-person)
owoha (masculine plural third-person)
iwoha (masculine third-person)
yowoha (masculine third-person)
mowoha (feminine masculine)
iwoha (feminine)
yowoha (feminine)
iwoha (masculine neuter)
iwoha (neuter)
yowoha (neuter)


ripo

toripo (exclusive first-person plural)
foripo (first-person plural)
miripo (first-person plural)
noripo (exclusive plural second-person)
niripo (plural second-person)
oripo (masculine plural third-person)
iripo (masculine third-person)
yoripo (masculine third-person)
moripo (feminine masculine)
iripo (feminine)
yoripo (feminine)
iripo (masculine neuter)
iripo (neuter)
yoripo (neuter)


sofi

tosofi (exclusive first-person plural)
fosofi (first-person plural)
misofi (first-person plural)
nosofi (exclusive plural second-person)
nisofi (plural second-person)
osofi (masculine plural third-person)
isofi (masculine third-person)
yosofi (masculine third-person)
mosofi (feminine masculine)
isofi (feminine)
yosofi (feminine)
isofi (masculine neuter)
isofi (neuter)
yosofi (neuter)


sofi

Alternative form of sofu (“dried skins of the bird of paradise”)


ingi

From Proto-North Halmahera *iŋir (“tooth”).


subu

Adapted from Classical Malay سومبو (“sumbu”) (cf. modern sumbu).


nyao

From Proto-North Halmahera *nawok (fish).


sukur

Reborrowed from Malay syukur, from Arabic شُكْر (šukr).

Alternative form of suku (“thanks, gratitude”)


bahe

tobahe (exclusive first-person plural)
fobahe (first-person plural)
mibahe (first-person plural)
nobahe (exclusive plural second-person)
nibahe (plural second-person)
obahe (masculine plural third-person)
ibahe (masculine third-person)
yobahe (masculine third-person)
mobahe (feminine masculine)
ibahe (feminine)
yobahe (feminine)
ibahe (masculine neuter)
ibahe (neuter)
yobahe (neuter)

From N- (transitivizer) + fahe (“to leak”).


sosoru

Partial reduplication of soru (“to go down, set”).


bukubuku

Possibly onomatopoeic; compare English boobook, said to come from its call.


bukubuku

Possibly a reduplication of buku (“hill”).


firi

tofiri (exclusive first-person plural)
fofiri (first-person plural)
mifiri (first-person plural)
nofiri (exclusive plural second-person)
nifiri (plural second-person)
ofiri (masculine plural third-person)
ifiri (masculine third-person)
yofiri (masculine third-person)
mofiri (feminine masculine)
ifiri (feminine)
yofiri (feminine)
ifiri (masculine neuter)
ifiri (neuter)
yofiri (neuter)


waro

towaro (exclusive first-person plural)
fowaro (first-person plural)
miwaro (first-person plural)
nowaro (exclusive plural second-person)
niwaro (plural second-person)
owaro (masculine plural third-person)
iwaro (masculine third-person)
yowaro (masculine third-person)
mowaro (feminine masculine)
iwaro (feminine)
yowaro (feminine)
iwaro (masculine neuter)
iwaro (neuter)
yowaro (neuter)

(intransitive, transitive) to know (to be aware; to be cognizant of sth)

Ngana waro bahasa Belanda bolo ua?

(transitive) to know (to understand or have a grasp of through experience or study)


kaso

From Proto-North Halmahera *kaso (“dog”).

Canis familiaris
Canis familiaris#Translingual


sewa

tosewa (exclusive first-person plural)
fosewa (first-person plural)
misewa (first-person plural)
nosewa (exclusive plural second-person)
nisewa (plural second-person)
osewa (masculine plural third-person)
isewa (masculine third-person)
yosewa (masculine third-person)
mosewa (feminine masculine)
isewa (feminine)
yosewa (feminine)
isewa (masculine neuter)
isewa (neuter)
yosewa (neuter)

From Malay sewa, from Arabic سَاوَى (sāwā).


ruki

toruki (exclusive first-person plural)
foruki (first-person plural)
miruki (first-person plural)
noruki (exclusive plural second-person)
niruki (plural second-person)
oruki (masculine plural third-person)
iruki (masculine third-person)
yoruki (masculine third-person)
moruki (feminine masculine)
iruki (feminine)
yoruki (feminine)
iruki (masculine neuter)
iruki (neuter)
yoruki (neuter)


ruki

(transitive) to line, to mark with a line


badu

tobadu (exclusive first-person plural)
fobadu (first-person plural)
mibadu (first-person plural)
nobadu (exclusive plural second-person)
nibadu (plural second-person)
obadu (masculine plural third-person)
ibadu (masculine third-person)
yobadu (masculine third-person)
mobadu (feminine masculine)
ibadu (feminine)
yobadu (feminine)
ibadu (masculine neuter)
ibadu (neuter)
yobadu (neuter)


ubo

Within North Halmaheran, cognate with Sahu ubolo, Loloda uboro, etc. Likely also related to Kwaio 'ufo'ufo (“female eclectus”).

Eclectus roratus
Eclectus roratus#Translingual

the female (red) eclectus parrot (Eclectus roratus ssp. roratus)


adati

From Classical Malay عادت (adat), from Persian عادت ('âdat), from Arabic عَادَة (ʕāda).


tetu

totetu (exclusive first-person plural)
fotetu (first-person plural)
mitetu (first-person plural)
notetu (exclusive plural second-person)
nitetu (plural second-person)
otetu (masculine plural third-person)
itetu (masculine third-person)
yotetu (masculine third-person)
motetu (feminine masculine)
itetu (feminine)
yotetu (feminine)
itetu (masculine neuter)
itetu (neuter)
yotetu (neuter)


siba

a kind of bird, some kind of small green cockatoo


tautau

totautau (exclusive first-person plural)
fotautau (first-person plural)
mitautau (first-person plural)
notautau (exclusive plural second-person)
nitautau (plural second-person)
otautau (masculine plural third-person)
itautau (masculine third-person)
yotautau (masculine third-person)
motautau (feminine masculine)
itautau (feminine)
yotautau (feminine)
itautau (masculine neuter)
itautau (neuter)
yotautau (neuter)


arut

Possibly from Indonesian ararut (with haplology), ultimately from English arrowroot, from Lokono aru-aru.

Maranta arundinacea
Maranta arundinacea#Translingual


campada

چمڤادة (Jawi)

From Classical Malay چمڤدق (“cempedak”).


tadarus

From Malay tadarus, from Arabic تَدَارُس (tadārus).

the act of reciting the Quran together, usually in a mosque during Ramadan


waje

towaje (exclusive first-person plural)
fowaje (first-person plural)
miwaje (first-person plural)
nowaje (exclusive plural second-person)
niwaje (plural second-person)
owaje (masculine plural third-person)
iwaje (masculine third-person)
yowaje (masculine third-person)
mowaje (feminine masculine)
iwaje (feminine)
yowaje (feminine)
iwaje (masculine neuter)
iwaje (neuter)
yowaje (neuter)

May be related to Sahu ajele (“to say”).


waje

ana iwaje waje kolano osone


wosa

towosa (exclusive first-person plural)
fowosa (first-person plural)
miwosa (first-person plural)
nowosa (exclusive plural second-person)
niwosa (plural second-person)
owosa (masculine plural third-person)
iwosa (masculine third-person)
yowosa (masculine third-person)
mowosa (feminine masculine)
iwosa (feminine)
yowosa (feminine)
iwosa (masculine neuter)
iwosa (neuter)
yowosa (neuter)

Ngori towosa pesta

(transitive) to go to, to attend an event, etc.


siafu

Cognate with Sahu siau, Galela siapu, Loloda siau.

Dioscorea esculenta
Dioscorea esculenta#Translingual

the plant Dioscorea esculenta var. tiliifolia


siafu

tosiafu (exclusive first-person plural)
fosiafu (first-person plural)
misiafu (first-person plural)
nosiafu (exclusive plural second-person)
nisiafu (plural second-person)
osiafu (masculine plural third-person)
isiafu (masculine third-person)
yosiafu (masculine third-person)
mosiafu (feminine masculine)
isiafu (feminine)
yosiafu (feminine)
isiafu (masculine neuter)
isiafu (neuter)
yosiafu (neuter)


N-

Similar to processes found in a number of North Halmaheran languages.

N- + ahu (“to grow”) → gahu (“a sprout”)

N- + ciko (“crooked”) → jiko (“corner, elbow, bay”)

N- + fesa (“wet”) → besa (“rain”)

N- + hahe (“to pull in”) → ngahe (“high tide”)

N- + kuraci (“yellow”) → guraci (“gold, turmeric”)

N- + tolabane (“to take passage (on a boat, etc.)”) → dolabane (“shipload”)

N- + waje (“to say”) → ngajengaje (“story”) (with reduplication)

N- + ari (“to cry”) → gari (“to mourn, to cry for”)

N- + fahe (“to leak”) → bahe (“to spread”)

N- + firi (“to make way”) → biri (“to take with”)

N- + ise (“to hear”) → gise (“to listen to”)

N- + himo (“old, old person”) → ngimo (“old”)

N- + hohi (“to count (something)”) → nyonyohi (“to heed (someone's) advice”)

N- + pala (“to rise”) → bala (“to float up”)

N- + tero (“to make a hit”) → dero (“to make a hit”)

N- + hagi (“debt, claim”) → nyagi (“debt”)


jaha

mie majaha


jaha

جاة (Jawi)
tojaha (exclusive first-person plural)
fojaha (first-person plural)
mijaha (first-person plural)
nojaha (exclusive plural second-person)
nijaha (plural second-person)
ojaha (masculine plural third-person)
ijaha (masculine third-person)
yojaha (masculine third-person)
mojaha (feminine masculine)
ijaha (feminine)
yojaha (feminine)
ijaha (masculine neuter)
ijaha (neuter)
yojaha (neuter)


ngun

From the older ngunu, with word-final vowel deletion.


talaga

From Malay telaga, from Sanskrit तलक (talaka, “pond”), तडाग (taḍāga, “pond”).


fifi

tofifi (exclusive first-person plural)
fofifi (first-person plural)
mififi (first-person plural)
nofifi (exclusive plural second-person)
nififi (plural second-person)
ofifi (masculine plural third-person)
ififi (masculine third-person)
yofifi (masculine third-person)
mofifi (feminine masculine)
ififi (feminine)
yofifi (feminine)
ififi (masculine neuter)
ififi (neuter)
yofifi (neuter)


بيس

بيس فوفراي


تماتي

From Portuguese tomate, from Spanish tomate, from Classical Nahuatl tomatl.


sigi

Probably from Classical Malay مسيݢيت (mesigit), from Arabic مَسْجِد (masjid). The initial ma was likely reinterpreted as the possessive.

isidego lolahi toma sigi


rante

From Malay rantai, likely through North Moluccan Malay.


Saptu

From Malay Sabtu, from Arabic السَبْت (as-sabt).


Salasa

From Malay Selasa, from Arabic الثَلَاثَاء (aṯ-ṯalāṯāʔ).

der

Arabic الثَلَاثَاء (aṯ-ṯalāṯāʔ)


sauba

a wooden box for holding betelnut, areca fruit, tobacco, etc.


soki

the large-leafed orange mangrove (Bruguiera gymnorhiza)


uci

touci (exclusive first-person plural)
fouci (first-person plural)
miuci (first-person plural)
nouci (exclusive plural second-person)
niuci (plural second-person)
ouci (masculine plural third-person)
iuci (masculine third-person)
youci (masculine third-person)
mouci (feminine masculine)
iuci (feminine)
youci (feminine)
iuci (masculine neuter)
iuci (neuter)
youci (neuter)


kusu

Imperata cylindrica
Imperata cylindrica#Translingual

alang-alang, kunai grass (Imperata cylindrica)


wudi

Possibly from Javanese wuri (“rear, behind”). Compare Malay buritan (“stern”), from burit (“rear”) and Buginese uri' (“rear, stern”).


tarusi

any of several fish (mackerels) in the genus Scomberomorus


tumu

totumu (exclusive first-person plural)
fotumu (first-person plural)
mitumu (first-person plural)
notumu (exclusive plural second-person)
nitumu (plural second-person)
otumu (masculine plural third-person)
itumu (masculine third-person)
yotumu (masculine third-person)
motumu (feminine masculine)
itumu (feminine)
yotumu (feminine)
itumu (masculine neuter)
itumu (neuter)
yotumu (neuter)

(intransitive) to dive; to leap down from a high place


sibuk

tosibuk (exclusive first-person plural)
fosibuk (first-person plural)
misibuk (first-person plural)
nosibuk (exclusive plural second-person)
nisibuk (plural second-person)
osibuk (masculine plural third-person)
isibuk (masculine third-person)
yosibuk (masculine third-person)
mosibuk (feminine masculine)
isibuk (feminine)
yosibuk (feminine)
isibuk (masculine neuter)
isibuk (neuter)
yosibuk (neuter)


sabong

From Malay sabun, likely through North Moluccan Malay, from Arabic صَابُون (ṣābūn) or Portuguese sabão, both ultimately from Latin sapō.

Arabic صَابُون (ṣābūn)


butu

tobutu (exclusive first-person plural)
fobutu (first-person plural)
mibutu (first-person plural)
nobutu (exclusive plural second-person)
nibutu (plural second-person)
obutu (masculine plural third-person)
ibutu (masculine third-person)
yobutu (masculine third-person)
mobutu (feminine masculine)
ibutu (feminine)
yobutu (feminine)
ibutu (masculine neuter)
ibutu (neuter)
yobutu (neuter)


yaha

toyaha (exclusive first-person plural)
foyaha (first-person plural)
miyaha (first-person plural)
noyaha (exclusive plural second-person)
niyaha (plural second-person)
oyaha (masculine plural third-person)
iyaha (masculine third-person)
yoyaha (masculine third-person)
moyaha (feminine masculine)
iyaha (feminine)
yoyaha (feminine)
iyaha (masculine neuter)
iyaha (neuter)
yoyaha (neuter)


nga-

first-person plural inclusive possessive prefix, our

third-person plural possessive prefix, their


tiana

totiana (exclusive first-person plural)
fotiana (first-person plural)
mitiana (first-person plural)
notiana (exclusive plural second-person)
nitiana (plural second-person)
otiana (masculine plural third-person)
itiana (masculine third-person)
yotiana (masculine third-person)
motiana (feminine masculine)
itiana (feminine)
yotiana (feminine)
itiana (masculine neuter)
itiana (neuter)
yotiana (neuter)


nyanyi

tonyanyi (exclusive first-person plural)
fonyanyi (first-person plural)
minyanyi (first-person plural)
nonyanyi (exclusive plural second-person)
ninyanyi (plural second-person)
onyanyi (masculine plural third-person)
inyanyi (masculine third-person)
yonyanyi (masculine third-person)
monyanyi (feminine masculine)
inyanyi (feminine)
yonyanyi (feminine)
inyanyi (masculine neuter)
inyanyi (neuter)
yonyanyi (neuter)


mawu

tomawu (exclusive first-person plural)
fomawu (first-person plural)
mimawu (first-person plural)
nomawu (exclusive plural second-person)
nimawu (plural second-person)
omawu (masculine plural third-person)
imawu (masculine third-person)
yomawu (masculine third-person)
momawu (feminine masculine)
imawu (feminine)
yomawu (feminine)
imawu (masculine neuter)
imawu (neuter)
yomawu (neuter)

(transitive) alternative form of mau (“to want”)


ruju

toruju (exclusive first-person plural)
foruju (first-person plural)
miruju (first-person plural)
noruju (exclusive plural second-person)
niruju (plural second-person)
oruju (masculine plural third-person)
iruju (masculine third-person)
yoruju (masculine third-person)
moruju (feminine masculine)
iruju (feminine)
yoruju (feminine)
iruju (masculine neuter)
iruju (neuter)
yoruju (neuter)


dowora

دووراة (Jawi)


sasi

tosasi (exclusive first-person plural)
fosasi (first-person plural)
misasi (first-person plural)
nosasi (exclusive plural second-person)
nisasi (plural second-person)
osasi (masculine plural third-person)
isasi (masculine third-person)
yosasi (masculine third-person)
mosasi (feminine masculine)
isasi (feminine)
yosasi (feminine)
isasi (masculine neuter)
isasi (neuter)
yosasi (neuter)


fororo

tofororo (exclusive first-person plural)
fofororo (first-person plural)
mifororo (first-person plural)
nofororo (exclusive plural second-person)
nifororo (plural second-person)
ofororo (masculine plural third-person)
ifororo (masculine third-person)
yofororo (masculine third-person)
mofororo (feminine masculine)
ifororo (feminine)
yofororo (feminine)
ifororo (masculine neuter)
ifororo (neuter)
yofororo (neuter)


busu

tobusu (exclusive first-person plural)
fobusu (first-person plural)
mibusu (first-person plural)
nobusu (exclusive plural second-person)
nibusu (plural second-person)
obusu (masculine plural third-person)
ibusu (masculine third-person)
yobusu (masculine third-person)
mobusu (feminine masculine)
ibusu (feminine)
yobusu (feminine)
ibusu (masculine neuter)
ibusu (neuter)
yobusu (neuter)


gamu

ngofa gamu

native of the place (literally, “child village”)


rugo

torugo (exclusive first-person plural)
forugo (first-person plural)
mirugo (first-person plural)
norugo (exclusive plural second-person)
nirugo (plural second-person)
orugo (masculine plural third-person)
irugo (masculine third-person)
yorugo (masculine third-person)
morugo (feminine masculine)
irugo (feminine)
yorugo (feminine)
irugo (masculine neuter)
irugo (neuter)
yorugo (neuter)


supu

tosupu (exclusive first-person plural)
fosupu (first-person plural)
misupu (first-person plural)
nosupu (exclusive plural second-person)
nisupu (plural second-person)
osupu (masculine plural third-person)
isupu (masculine third-person)
yosupu (masculine third-person)
mosupu (feminine masculine)
isupu (feminine)
yosupu (feminine)
isupu (masculine neuter)
isupu (neuter)
yosupu (neuter)


uto

touto (exclusive first-person plural)
fouto (first-person plural)
miuto (first-person plural)
nouto (exclusive plural second-person)
niuto (plural second-person)
outo (masculine plural third-person)
iuto (masculine third-person)
youto (masculine third-person)
mouto (feminine masculine)
iuto (feminine)
youto (feminine)
iuto (masculine neuter)
iuto (neuter)
youto (neuter)


taong

From North Moluccan Malay taong, from Classical Malay تاهون (tahun).


sulasi

Ultimately from Old Javanese sulasih, from Sanskrit तुलसी (tulasī).

Ocimum basilicum
Ocimum basilicum#Translingual


nyata

tonyata (exclusive first-person plural)
fonyata (first-person plural)
minyata (first-person plural)
nonyata (exclusive plural second-person)
ninyata (plural second-person)
onyata (masculine plural third-person)
inyata (masculine third-person)
yonyata (masculine third-person)
monyata (feminine masculine)
inyata (feminine)
yonyata (feminine)
inyata (masculine neuter)
inyata (neuter)
yonyata (neuter)

From Malay nyata, from Sanskrit नियत (niyata).


sadu

tosadu (exclusive first-person plural)
fosadu (first-person plural)
misadu (first-person plural)
nosadu (exclusive plural second-person)
nisadu (plural second-person)
osadu (masculine plural third-person)
isadu (masculine third-person)
yosadu (masculine third-person)
mosadu (feminine masculine)
isadu (feminine)
yosadu (feminine)
isadu (masculine neuter)
isadu (neuter)
yosadu (neuter)


raai

toraai (exclusive first-person plural)
foraai (first-person plural)
miraai (first-person plural)
noraai (exclusive plural second-person)
niraai (plural second-person)
oraai (masculine plural third-person)
iraai (masculine third-person)
yoraai (masculine third-person)
moraai (feminine masculine)
iraai (feminine)
yoraai (feminine)
iraai (masculine neuter)
iraai (neuter)
yoraai (neuter)


badang

From North Moluccan Malay badang, from Malay badan, from Arabic بَدَن (badan).


sawang

From Malay sawan, possibly through North Moluccan Malay.

an illness variously characterized by convulsions, epilepsy, seizures


sawang

tosawang (exclusive first-person plural)
fosawang (first-person plural)
misawang (first-person plural)
nosawang (exclusive plural second-person)
nisawang (plural second-person)
osawang (masculine plural third-person)
isawang (masculine third-person)
yosawang (masculine third-person)
mosawang (feminine masculine)
isawang (feminine)
yosawang (feminine)
isawang (masculine neuter)
isawang (neuter)
yosawang (neuter)


apang

From Indonesian apam, likely through North Moluccan Malay, from Tamil ஆப்பம் (āppam).


بابو

إبابو تم کاه


bangbang

Likely a reduplication of Indonesian bang (“adhan”), from Persian بانگ (“bâng”).


tafi

totafi (exclusive first-person plural)
fotafi (first-person plural)
mitafi (first-person plural)
notafi (exclusive plural second-person)
nitafi (plural second-person)
otafi (masculine plural third-person)
itafi (masculine third-person)
yotafi (masculine third-person)
motafi (feminine masculine)
itafi (feminine)
yotafi (feminine)
itafi (masculine neuter)
itafi (neuter)
yotafi (neuter)


yufa

toyufa (exclusive first-person plural)
foyufa (first-person plural)
miyufa (first-person plural)
noyufa (exclusive plural second-person)
niyufa (plural second-person)
oyufa (masculine plural third-person)
iyufa (masculine third-person)
yoyufa (masculine third-person)
moyufa (feminine masculine)
iyufa (feminine)
yoyufa (feminine)
iyufa (masculine neuter)
iyufa (neuter)
yoyufa (neuter)


poha

topoha (exclusive first-person plural)
fopoha (first-person plural)
mipoha (first-person plural)
nopoha (exclusive plural second-person)
nipoha (plural second-person)
opoha (masculine plural third-person)
ipoha (masculine third-person)
yopoha (masculine third-person)
mopoha (feminine masculine)
ipoha (feminine)
yopoha (feminine)
ipoha (masculine neuter)
ipoha (neuter)
yopoha (neuter)


sabea

tosabea (exclusive first-person plural)
fosabea (first-person plural)
misabea (first-person plural)
nosabea (exclusive plural second-person)
nisabea (plural second-person)
osabea (masculine plural third-person)
isabea (masculine third-person)
yosabea (masculine third-person)
mosabea (feminine masculine)
isabea (feminine)
yosabea (feminine)
isabea (masculine neuter)
isabea (neuter)
yosabea (neuter)


buo

tobuo (exclusive first-person plural)
fobuo (first-person plural)
mibuo (first-person plural)
nobuo (exclusive plural second-person)
nibuo (plural second-person)
obuo (masculine plural third-person)
ibuo (masculine third-person)
yobuo (masculine third-person)
mobuo (feminine masculine)
ibuo (feminine)
yobuo (feminine)
ibuo (masculine neuter)
ibuo (neuter)
yobuo (neuter)

Possibly from Malay buah; compare Malay berbuah.


bokoboko

a dish prepared by baking sago in bamboo


ahali

From Arabic أَهَالِي (ʔahālī), the plural of أَهْل (ʔahl, “kinfolk, relations”).

Arabic أَهَالِي (ʔahālī)


wasu

towasu (exclusive first-person plural)
fowasu (first-person plural)
miwasu (first-person plural)
nowasu (exclusive plural second-person)
niwasu (plural second-person)
owasu (masculine plural third-person)
iwasu (masculine third-person)
yowasu (masculine third-person)
mowasu (feminine masculine)
iwasu (feminine)
yowasu (feminine)
iwasu (masculine neuter)
iwasu (neuter)
yowasu (neuter)


bakabaka

Possibly the same as the etymology above.


tudu

totudu (exclusive first-person plural)
fotudu (first-person plural)
mitudu (first-person plural)
notudu (exclusive plural second-person)
nitudu (plural second-person)
otudu (masculine plural third-person)
itudu (masculine third-person)
yotudu (masculine third-person)
motudu (feminine masculine)
itudu (feminine)
yotudu (feminine)
itudu (masculine neuter)
itudu (neuter)
yotudu (neuter)


nyihi

tonyihi (exclusive first-person plural)
fonyihi (first-person plural)
minyihi (first-person plural)
nonyihi (exclusive plural second-person)
ninyihi (plural second-person)
onyihi (masculine plural third-person)
inyihi (masculine third-person)
yonyihi (masculine third-person)
monyihi (feminine masculine)
inyihi (feminine)
yonyihi (feminine)
inyihi (masculine neuter)
inyihi (neuter)
yonyihi (neuter)


sifo

tosifo (exclusive first-person plural)
fosifo (first-person plural)
misifo (first-person plural)
nosifo (exclusive plural second-person)
nisifo (plural second-person)
osifo (masculine plural third-person)
isifo (masculine third-person)
yosifo (masculine third-person)
mosifo (feminine masculine)
isifo (feminine)
yosifo (feminine)
isifo (masculine neuter)
isifo (neuter)
yosifo (neuter)

(transitive) to club, to strike with a club


tamate

From Portuguese tomate, from Spanish tomate, from Classical Nahuatl tomatl.


tambaga

From Classical Malay تمباݢ (tembaga), from Sanskrit ताम्रक (tāmraka).


gagu

Compare Tobelo gaguru (“vegetable fern”).

the vegetable fern (Diplazium esculentum)


gagu

togagu (exclusive first-person plural)
fogagu (first-person plural)
migagu (first-person plural)
nogagu (exclusive plural second-person)
nigagu (plural second-person)
ogagu (masculine plural third-person)
igagu (masculine third-person)
yogagu (masculine third-person)
mogagu (feminine masculine)
igagu (feminine)
yogagu (feminine)
igagu (masculine neuter)
igagu (neuter)
yogagu (neuter)


wowaro

Partial reduplication of waro (“to know”).


wowasu

Partial reduplication of wasu (“to request”).

request, demand (the act or an instance of asking for something)


nyinga susa

Literally, "(for one's) heart to be difficult".

ngana nyinga susa koa?

(transitive, intransitive) to be troubled


ngofa

Cognates include Tidore ngofa and Galela ngopa.

Mina dahe ngofa dadi ua.

Ngofa Tarnate madihutu.


ngitu

tongitu (exclusive first-person plural)
fongitu (first-person plural)
mingitu (first-person plural)
nongitu (exclusive plural second-person)
ningitu (plural second-person)
ongitu (masculine plural third-person)
ingitu (masculine third-person)
yongitu (masculine third-person)
mongitu (feminine masculine)
ingitu (feminine)
yongitu (feminine)
ingitu (masculine neuter)
ingitu (neuter)
yongitu (neuter)

(intransitive) to think (to guess; to reckon)


sidika

tosidika (exclusive first-person plural)
fosidika (first-person plural)
misidika (first-person plural)
nosidika (exclusive plural second-person)
nisidika (plural second-person)
osidika (masculine plural third-person)
isidika (masculine third-person)
yosidika (masculine third-person)
mosidika (feminine masculine)
isidika (feminine)
yosidika (feminine)
isidika (masculine neuter)
isidika (neuter)
yosidika (neuter)

(transitive) to leave (to depart from; to end one's connection or affiliation with)

(transitive) to abandon, to desert (to cease to support or look after someone)


sonyinga

tosonyinga (exclusive first-person plural)
fosonyinga (first-person plural)
misonyinga (first-person plural)
nosonyinga (exclusive plural second-person)
nisonyinga (plural second-person)
osonyinga (masculine plural third-person)
isonyinga (masculine third-person)
yosonyinga (masculine third-person)
mosonyinga (feminine masculine)
isonyinga (feminine)
yosonyinga (feminine)
isonyinga (masculine neuter)
isonyinga (neuter)
yosonyinga (neuter)

Ngori tosonyinga moju ngana na demo se ngori.

(transitive) to remember, to keep in mind (to recall from one's memory)

(transitive) to ponder, to think about, to care about (to wonder, to be deeply concerned about)

(transitive) to miss (to feel the absence of someone or something)

(transitive) to love (to care deeply about, to be dedicated to)


nyinga

From Proto-North Halmahera *siniŋa (“heart”). Cognates include Tidore nyinga and Galela sininga.


nyinga

tonyinga (exclusive first-person plural)
fonyinga (first-person plural)
minyinga (first-person plural)
nonyinga (exclusive plural second-person)
ninyinga (plural second-person)
onyinga (masculine plural third-person)
inyinga (masculine third-person)
yonyinga (masculine third-person)
monyinga (feminine masculine)
inyinga (feminine)
yonyinga (feminine)
inyinga (masculine neuter)
inyinga (neuter)
yonyinga (neuter)


dumaha

todumaha (exclusive first-person plural)
fodumaha (first-person plural)
midumaha (first-person plural)
nodumaha (exclusive plural second-person)
nidumaha (plural second-person)
odumaha (masculine plural third-person)
idumaha (masculine third-person)
yodumaha (masculine third-person)
modumaha (feminine masculine)
idumaha (feminine)
yodumaha (feminine)
idumaha (masculine neuter)
idumaha (neuter)
yodumaha (neuter)


hotu

tohotu (exclusive first-person plural)
fohotu (first-person plural)
mihotu (first-person plural)
nohotu (exclusive plural second-person)
nihotu (plural second-person)
ohotu (masculine plural third-person)
ihotu (masculine third-person)
yohotu (masculine third-person)
mohotu (feminine masculine)
ihotu (feminine)
yohotu (feminine)
ihotu (masculine neuter)
ihotu (neuter)
yohotu (neuter)


nyele

tonyele (exclusive first-person plural)
fonyele (first-person plural)
minyele (first-person plural)
nonyele (exclusive plural second-person)
ninyele (plural second-person)
onyele (masculine plural third-person)
inyele (masculine third-person)
yonyele (masculine third-person)
monyele (feminine masculine)
inyele (feminine)
yonyele (feminine)
inyele (masculine neuter)
inyele (neuter)
yonyele (neuter)


woto

towoto (exclusive first-person plural)
fowoto (first-person plural)
miwoto (first-person plural)
nowoto (exclusive plural second-person)
niwoto (plural second-person)
owoto (masculine plural third-person)
iwoto (masculine third-person)
yowoto (masculine third-person)
mowoto (feminine masculine)
iwoto (feminine)
yowoto (feminine)
iwoto (masculine neuter)
iwoto (neuter)
yowoto (neuter)


wora

towora (exclusive first-person plural)
fowora (first-person plural)
miwora (first-person plural)
nowora (exclusive plural second-person)
niwora (plural second-person)
owora (masculine plural third-person)
iwora (masculine third-person)
yowora (masculine third-person)
mowora (feminine masculine)
iwora (feminine)
yowora (feminine)
iwora (masculine neuter)
iwora (neuter)
yowora (neuter)


ai-

(masculine, dialectal) third-person singular possessive prefix, his


ciko

tociko (exclusive first-person plural)
fociko (first-person plural)
miciko (first-person plural)
nociko (exclusive plural second-person)
niciko (plural second-person)
ociko (masculine plural third-person)
iciko (masculine third-person)
yociko (masculine third-person)
mociko (feminine masculine)
iciko (feminine)
yociko (feminine)
iciko (masculine neuter)
iciko (neuter)
yociko (neuter)


mo-

Cognate with Tehit m- (“third-person singular feminine prefix”).

cog

(feminine) third-person singular clitic, she


samaka

→ Sahu: samaka

→ Tabaru: samaka

From Malay semangka, from Javanese ꦱꦼꦩꦔ꧀ꦏ (semangka), or directly from Javanese.


mahodo

tomahodo (exclusive first-person plural)
fomahodo (first-person plural)
mimahodo (first-person plural)
nomahodo (exclusive plural second-person)
nimahodo (plural second-person)
omahodo (masculine plural third-person)
imahodo (masculine third-person)
yomahodo (masculine third-person)
momahodo (feminine masculine)
imahodo (feminine)
yomahodo (feminine)
imahodo (masculine neuter)
imahodo (neuter)
yomahodo (neuter)


yo-

Cognate with Tehit y- (“third-person plural prefix”).

(archaic, poetic, human) third-person plural clitic, they


fuo

a cover name for two different legumes
the catjang

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata#Translingual

a cover name for two different legumes
the mung bean (Vigna radiata)


ruci

toruci (exclusive first-person plural)
foruci (first-person plural)
miruci (first-person plural)
noruci (exclusive plural second-person)
niruci (plural second-person)
oruci (masculine plural third-person)
iruci (masculine third-person)
yoruci (masculine third-person)
moruci (feminine masculine)
iruci (feminine)
yoruci (feminine)
iruci (masculine neuter)
iruci (neuter)
yoruci (neuter)

(intransitive) to cheat (at a game, etc.)


warong

From Indonesian warung or directly from Javanese ꦮꦫꦸꦁ (warung), both from Old Javanese waruṅ.


kios

From Indonesian kios, from Dutch kiosk, from French kiosque, from Italian chiosco, from Ottoman Turkish كوشك, from Persian کوشک, from Middle Persian kwšk' (“pavillion”).


طواف

From Indonesian tawaf, from Arabic طَوَاف (ṭawāf).


gaha

five days after today, four days after tomorrow


fukafuka

tofukafuka (exclusive first-person plural)
fofukafuka (first-person plural)
mifukafuka (first-person plural)
nofukafuka (exclusive plural second-person)
nifukafuka (plural second-person)
ofukafuka (masculine plural third-person)
ifukafuka (masculine third-person)
yofukafuka (masculine third-person)
mofukafuka (feminine masculine)
ifukafuka (feminine)
yofukafuka (feminine)
ifukafuka (masculine neuter)
ifukafuka (neuter)
yofukafuka (neuter)


woka

the footstool palm (Saribus rotundifolius)


woka

the humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis)


niscaya

نيسچاي (Jawi)

From Classical Malay نسچاي (“niscaya”) (cf. Indonesian niscaya), from Sanskrit निश्चय (niścaya).


amflop

From Indonesian amplop, from Dutch envelop, from French enveloppe.


dowong

From the older dowongi, with word-final vowel deletion.


nyefo

From Proto-North Halmahera *ḋopo (“smoke”), with N- prefixation.


koltidi

From the older kolotidi, with vowel elision preceding the stressed syllable.


bifi

→ North Moluccan Malay: bifi (“ant”)

→ Manado Malay: bifi (“ant”)

→ Sahu: bifi (“ant”)

Possibly from N- (“nominalizer”) + fifi (“to suck”).


sikola

From Malay sekolah, from Portuguese escola, from Old Galician-Portuguese escola, from Latin schola, from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ).


iskolar

boku masosira toma ngofangofa kara iwosa iskolar

the first book for children just entering school


guum

Alternative form of guumi (“facial hair, beard, moustache”)


kolcifi

From the older kolocifi, with vowel elision preceding the stressed syllable.


susai

Brassica juncea
Brassica juncea#Translingual


woro

toworo (exclusive first-person plural)
foworo (first-person plural)
miworo (first-person plural)
noworo (exclusive plural second-person)
niworo (plural second-person)
oworo (masculine plural third-person)
iworo (masculine third-person)
yoworo (masculine third-person)
moworo (feminine masculine)
iworo (feminine)
yoworo (feminine)
iworo (masculine neuter)
iworo (neuter)
yoworo (neuter)


bosusu

tobosusu (exclusive first-person plural)
fobosusu (first-person plural)
mibosusu (first-person plural)
nobosusu (exclusive plural second-person)
nibosusu (plural second-person)
obosusu (masculine plural third-person)
ibosusu (masculine third-person)
yobosusu (masculine third-person)
mobosusu (feminine masculine)
ibosusu (feminine)
yobosusu (feminine)
ibosusu (masculine neuter)
ibosusu (neuter)
yobosusu (neuter)

From bo- + susu (“milk”), the second component derived from Malay.


ronga

From Proto-North Halmahera *roŋa (“name”).

ronga Facebook


bobooca

→ Galela: bobooca

→ Manado Malay: boboca (“octopus”)

→? Modole: boboota

→ Pagu: bobooca

→ Tabaru: bobo'oca

→ Tobelo: bobooca

any of various diseases characterized by swelling


silamo

tosilamo (exclusive first-person plural)
fosilamo (first-person plural)
misilamo (first-person plural)
nosilamo (exclusive plural second-person)
nisilamo (plural second-person)
osilamo (masculine plural third-person)
isilamo (masculine third-person)
yosilamo (masculine third-person)
mosilamo (feminine masculine)
isilamo (feminine)
yosilamo (feminine)
isilamo (masculine neuter)
isilamo (neuter)
yosilamo (neuter)


ngori

head

ngori (subject clitic to, possessive prefix ri, Jawi ڠوري)

to (clitic subjective)
ri (possessive prefix)
ڠوري (Jawi)


balacai hisa

Jatropha curcas
Jatropha curcas#Translingual

Jatropha curcas (Barbados nut, purging nut, physic nut)


balacai roriha

Ricinus communis
Ricinus communis#Translingual


gaumedi

Syzygium aromaticum
Syzygium aromaticum#Translingual


ajimat

From Indonesian azimat, ajimat, from Persian عزیمت, from Arabic عَزِيمَة (ʕazīma).


balibi

From Classical Malay بليمبيڠ (“belimbing”) (cf. Malay belimbing).


afaafa

toafaafa (exclusive first-person plural)
foafaafa (first-person plural)
miafaafa (first-person plural)
noafaafa (exclusive plural second-person)
niafaafa (plural second-person)
oafaafa (masculine plural third-person)
iafaafa (masculine third-person)
yoafaafa (masculine third-person)
moafaafa (feminine masculine)
iafaafa (feminine)
yoafaafa (feminine)
iafaafa (masculine neuter)
iafaafa (neuter)
yoafaafa (neuter)


bataka

Kaempferia galanga
Kaempferia galanga#Translingual


bualawa

بواه لاوه (Jawi)

Ultimately from Austronesian; compare Malay bunga lawang and Balinese ᬩᬸᬯᬄᬮᬯᬂ (buwah lawang), both meaning cloves. Cognates include Gorontalo hungolawa, Asilulu pukalawane, Hitu pualawane.

raja bualawa


Ahadi

Ultimately from Arabic اَلْأَحَد (al-ʔaḥad, “Sunday”).


balacang

From Malay belacan, likely through North Moluccan Malay [Term?].


aliguro

Tabernaemontana divaricata
Tabernaemontana divaricata#Translingual

A flower of species Tabernaemontana divaricata


aliali

Possibly a reduplication of ale (“to coil”)


arudang

Likely from Dutch, possibly from ruiten, plural of ruit (“rue”).

Ruta graveolens
Ruta graveolens#Translingual

rue (Ruta graveolens, Ruta angustifolia, Ruta chalepensis)


aoao

toaoao (exclusive first-person plural)
foaoao (first-person plural)
miaoao (first-person plural)
noaoao (exclusive plural second-person)
niaoao (plural second-person)
oaoao (masculine plural third-person)
iaoao (masculine third-person)
yoaoao (masculine third-person)
moaoao (feminine masculine)
iaoao (feminine)
yoaoao (feminine)
iaoao (masculine neuter)
iaoao (neuter)
yoaoao (neuter)


atorang

Likely from North Moluccan Malay, from Malay aturan


asibii

From Indonesian kasbi, from Dutch cassave, ultimately from Taíno *kasabi.


aroni

toaroni (exclusive first-person plural)
foaroni (first-person plural)
miaroni (first-person plural)
noaroni (exclusive plural second-person)
niaroni (plural second-person)
oaroni (masculine plural third-person)
iaroni (masculine third-person)
yoaroni (masculine third-person)
moaroni (feminine masculine)
iaroni (feminine)
yoaroni (feminine)
iaroni (masculine neuter)
iaroni (neuter)
yoaroni (neuter)


bacabaca

Reduplication of paca (“to wipe”) with lenition.


arababu

From Indonesian arababu, from Arabic الرَبَابَة (ar-rabāba).


amalaha

toamalaha (exclusive first-person plural)
foamalaha (first-person plural)
miamalaha (first-person plural)
noamalaha (exclusive plural second-person)
niamalaha (plural second-person)
oamalaha (masculine plural third-person)
iamalaha (masculine third-person)
yoamalaha (masculine third-person)
moamalaha (feminine masculine)
iamalaha (feminine)
yoamalaha (feminine)
iamalaha (masculine neuter)
iamalaha (neuter)
yoamalaha (neuter)


alifuru

Dutch: Alfoer


bahasang

Through some derivation of Malay bahasa, ultimately from Sanskrit भाषा (bhāṣā)


lefer

May be related to Dutch lepra, although this is uncertain.


ruturutu

روتو روتو (Jawi)


baising

tobaising (exclusive first-person plural)
fobaising (first-person plural)
mibaising (first-person plural)
nobaising (exclusive plural second-person)
nibaising (plural second-person)
obaising (masculine plural third-person)
ibaising (masculine third-person)
yobaising (masculine third-person)
mobaising (feminine masculine)
ibaising (feminine)
yobaising (feminine)
ibaising (masculine neuter)
ibaising (neuter)
yobaising (neuter)


rorumu

Cognate with Galela rorumu, Tobelo rorumu.

looking-glass mangrove (Heritiera littoralis)


sanoto

tosanoto (exclusive first-person plural)
fosanoto (first-person plural)
misanoto (first-person plural)
nosanoto (exclusive plural second-person)
nisanoto (plural second-person)
osanoto (masculine plural third-person)
isanoto (masculine third-person)
yosanoto (masculine third-person)
mosanoto (feminine masculine)
isanoto (feminine)
yosanoto (feminine)
isanoto (masculine neuter)
isanoto (neuter)
yosanoto (neuter)


kabi ma gosi

Literally, "goat's testicles"; likely named for the fruit. Compare the equivalent Tidore kabi ma hoso.


sangosango

tosangosango (exclusive first-person plural)
fosangosango (first-person plural)
misangosango (first-person plural)
nosangosango (exclusive plural second-person)
nisangosango (plural second-person)
osangosango (masculine plural third-person)
isangosango (masculine third-person)
yosangosango (masculine third-person)
mosangosango (feminine masculine)
isangosango (feminine)
yosangosango (feminine)
isangosango (masculine neuter)
isangosango (neuter)
yosangosango (neuter)


rufu

torufu (exclusive first-person plural)
forufu (first-person plural)
mirufu (first-person plural)
norufu (exclusive plural second-person)
nirufu (plural second-person)
orufu (masculine plural third-person)
irufu (masculine third-person)
yorufu (masculine third-person)
morufu (feminine masculine)
irufu (feminine)
yorufu (feminine)
irufu (masculine neuter)
irufu (neuter)
yorufu (neuter)


balaka

From N- (nominalizer) + palaka (“to turn over, upside-down”).


balkama

Cognate with Manado Malay balakama (“kemangi, lemon basil”).


barakati

From Indonesian berkat, from Arabic بَرَكَة (baraka).


elaela

ئلة ئلة (Jawi)


belabela

Said by Hayami-Allen to be from N- (nominalizer) + fela (“to open”), with reduplication, possibly as that which opens the sky. Likely cognate with Sahu ḇelanga (“lightning”). However, also compare Proto-Trans-New Guinea *(mb,m)elak (“lightning, light”).


balobalo

From N- (nominalizer) + falo (“to bail, bucket”), with reduplication. Compare also falofalo (“ladle”).


beleki

Likely from Dutch blik (“tin”). Cognate with Gorontalo beleki (“tin”), Nias beleki (“tin”).


bayale

tobayale (exclusive first-person plural)
fobayale (first-person plural)
mibayale (first-person plural)
nobayale (exclusive plural second-person)
nibayale (plural second-person)
obayale (masculine plural third-person)
ibayale (masculine third-person)
yobayale (masculine third-person)
mobayale (feminine masculine)
ibayale (feminine)
yobayale (feminine)
ibayale (masculine neuter)
ibayale (neuter)
yobayale (neuter)


balkun

From Indonesian balkon from Dutch balcon, from French balcon.


bayatu

tobayatu (exclusive first-person plural)
fobayatu (first-person plural)
mibayatu (first-person plural)
nobayatu (exclusive plural second-person)
nibayatu (plural second-person)
obayatu (masculine plural third-person)
ibayatu (masculine third-person)
yobayatu (masculine third-person)
mobayatu (feminine masculine)
ibayatu (feminine)
yobayatu (feminine)
ibayatu (masculine neuter)
ibayatu (neuter)
yobayatu (neuter)


bareas

tobareas (exclusive first-person plural)
fobareas (first-person plural)
mibareas (first-person plural)
nobareas (exclusive plural second-person)
nibareas (plural second-person)
obareas (masculine plural third-person)
ibareas (masculine third-person)
yobareas (masculine third-person)
mobareas (feminine masculine)
ibareas (feminine)
yobareas (feminine)
ibareas (masculine neuter)
ibareas (neuter)
yobareas (neuter)


baracinta

برچينت (Jawi)
tobaracinta (exclusive first-person plural)
fobaracinta (first-person plural)
mibaracinta (first-person plural)
nobaracinta (exclusive plural second-person)
nibaracinta (plural second-person)
obaracinta (masculine plural third-person)
ibaracinta (masculine third-person)
yobaracinta (masculine third-person)
mobaracinta (feminine masculine)
ibaracinta (feminine)
yobaracinta (feminine)
ibaracinta (masculine neuter)
ibaracinta (neuter)
yobaracinta (neuter)

From Classical Malay برچينتا (bercinta).


batinga

tobatinga (exclusive first-person plural)
fobatinga (first-person plural)
mibatinga (first-person plural)
nobatinga (exclusive plural second-person)
nibatinga (plural second-person)
obatinga (masculine plural third-person)
ibatinga (masculine third-person)
yobatinga (masculine third-person)
mobatinga (feminine masculine)
ibatinga (feminine)
yobatinga (feminine)
ibatinga (masculine neuter)
ibatinga (neuter)
yobatinga (neuter)

From Classical Malay برتيڠکه (bertingkah).


baulaco

tobaulaco (exclusive first-person plural)
fobaulaco (first-person plural)
mibaulaco (first-person plural)
nobaulaco (exclusive plural second-person)
nibaulaco (plural second-person)
obaulaco (masculine plural third-person)
ibaulaco (masculine third-person)
yobaulaco (masculine third-person)
mobaulaco (feminine masculine)
ibaulaco (feminine)
yobaulaco (feminine)
ibaulaco (masculine neuter)
ibaulaco (neuter)
yobaulaco (neuter)


begebege

tobegebege (exclusive first-person plural)
fobegebege (first-person plural)
mibegebege (first-person plural)
nobegebege (exclusive plural second-person)
nibegebege (plural second-person)
obegebege (masculine plural third-person)
ibegebege (masculine third-person)
yobegebege (masculine third-person)
mobegebege (feminine masculine)
ibegebege (feminine)
yobegebege (feminine)
ibegebege (masculine neuter)
ibegebege (neuter)
yobegebege (neuter)


malam elaela

the Ternatean celebration held that night, in which bamboo (originally banana-stem) torches are lit after tarawih and burned throughout the night


besabesa

Possibly a reduplication of besa (“rain”)


betobeto

tobetobeto (exclusive first-person plural)
fobetobeto (first-person plural)
mibetobeto (first-person plural)
nobetobeto (exclusive plural second-person)
nibetobeto (plural second-person)
obetobeto (masculine plural third-person)
ibetobeto (masculine third-person)
yobetobeto (masculine third-person)
mobetobeto (feminine masculine)
ibetobeto (feminine)
yobetobeto (feminine)
ibetobeto (masculine neuter)
ibetobeto (neuter)
yobetobeto (neuter)


bibilatu

بيبيلاتو (Jawi)


bidobido

Possibly a reduplication of bido (“betel”)

large-leafed orange mangrove
large-leafed orange mangrove

large-leafed orange mangrove (Bruguiera gymnorhiza)


biraro

the winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)


bobane

Partial reduplication of pane (“to mount, get on”) with lenition.

rdp

a landing place, docking place (of a boat, etc.)


bobengka

a kind of pastry or cake made with glutinous rice and coconut


bobangu

From N- (nominalizer) + fangu (“to pay”), with partial reduplication.


bidibidi

tobidibidi (exclusive first-person plural)
fobidibidi (first-person plural)
mibidibidi (first-person plural)
nobidibidi (exclusive plural second-person)
nibidibidi (plural second-person)
obidibidi (masculine plural third-person)
ibidibidi (masculine third-person)
yobidibidi (masculine third-person)
mobidibidi (feminine masculine)
ibidibidi (feminine)
yobidibidi (feminine)
ibidibidi (masculine neuter)
ibidibidi (neuter)
yobidibidi (neuter)


bobiki

Partial reduplication of fiki (“to wash dishes”) with lenition.


bilus

From Indonesian blus, from Dutch bloes, from French blouse.


bobero

Partial reduplication of fero (“to grow”) with N- prefixation.


bobeto

tobobeto (exclusive first-person plural)
fobobeto (first-person plural)
mibobeto (first-person plural)
nobobeto (exclusive plural second-person)
nibobeto (plural second-person)
obobeto (masculine plural third-person)
ibobeto (masculine third-person)
yobobeto (masculine third-person)
mobobeto (feminine masculine)
ibobeto (feminine)
yobobeto (feminine)
ibobeto (masculine neuter)
ibobeto (neuter)
yobobeto (neuter)


bobudo

tobobudo (exclusive first-person plural)
fobobudo (first-person plural)
mibobudo (first-person plural)
nobobudo (exclusive plural second-person)
nibobudo (plural second-person)
obobudo (masculine plural third-person)
ibobudo (masculine third-person)
yobobudo (masculine third-person)
mobobudo (feminine masculine)
ibobudo (feminine)
yobobudo (feminine)
ibobudo (masculine neuter)
ibobudo (neuter)
yobobudo (neuter)


bobaku

bobaku wosa gamu


berarti

toberarti (exclusive first-person plural)
foberarti (first-person plural)
miberarti (first-person plural)
noberarti (exclusive plural second-person)
niberarti (plural second-person)
oberarti (masculine plural third-person)
iberarti (masculine third-person)
yoberarti (masculine third-person)
moberarti (feminine masculine)
iberarti (feminine)
yoberarti (feminine)
iberarti (masculine neuter)
iberarti (neuter)
yoberarti (neuter)


bobato

From N- (nominalizer) + fofato (“to arrange, order; set to rights”).

af

(historical) a specific title during the Sultanate of Ternate: a village chief, a headman


bogaboga

Possibly a reduplication of boga (“a half”)


boiboi

something thrown, something that has been thrown


boloasu

toboloasu (exclusive first-person plural)
foboloasu (first-person plural)
miboloasu (first-person plural)
noboloasu (exclusive plural second-person)
niboloasu (plural second-person)
oboloasu (masculine plural third-person)
iboloasu (masculine third-person)
yoboloasu (masculine third-person)
moboloasu (feminine masculine)
iboloasu (feminine)
yoboloasu (feminine)
iboloasu (masculine neuter)
iboloasu (neuter)
yoboloasu (neuter)


boboho

toboboho (exclusive first-person plural)
foboboho (first-person plural)
miboboho (first-person plural)
noboboho (exclusive plural second-person)
niboboho (plural second-person)
oboboho (masculine plural third-person)
iboboho (masculine third-person)
yoboboho (masculine third-person)
moboboho (feminine masculine)
iboboho (feminine)
yoboboho (feminine)
iboboho (masculine neuter)
iboboho (neuter)
yoboboho (neuter)

(stative) Synonym of boho (“to be tired”)


bodito

Cognate with Tidore bolito, East Makian bolito.


bolebole

the wrasse; specifically, Anampses geographicus and Anampses meleagrides

the lined dottyback (Labracinus lineatus)


bonofo

tobonofo (exclusive first-person plural)
fobonofo (first-person plural)
mibonofo (first-person plural)
nobonofo (exclusive plural second-person)
nibonofo (plural second-person)
obonofo (masculine plural third-person)
ibonofo (masculine third-person)
yobonofo (masculine third-person)
mobonofo (feminine masculine)
ibonofo (feminine)
yobonofo (feminine)
ibonofo (masculine neuter)
ibonofo (neuter)
yobonofo (neuter)


buroburo

Possibly a reduplication of buro (“large shrimp”), in reference to its seeds.

Borassus flabellifer
Borassus flabellifer#Translingual


buasau

Manilkara zapota
Manilkara zapota#Translingual


buano

The first element may reflect Malay buah (“fruit”).

Aegle marmelos
Aegle marmelos#Translingual


bolutu

tobolutu (exclusive first-person plural)
fobolutu (first-person plural)
mibolutu (first-person plural)
nobolutu (exclusive plural second-person)
nibolutu (plural second-person)
obolutu (masculine plural third-person)
ibolutu (masculine third-person)
yobolutu (masculine third-person)
mobolutu (feminine masculine)
ibolutu (feminine)
yobolutu (feminine)
ibolutu (masculine neuter)
ibolutu (neuter)
yobolutu (neuter)


burhaso

toburhaso (exclusive first-person plural)
foburhaso (first-person plural)
miburhaso (first-person plural)
noburhaso (exclusive plural second-person)
niburhaso (plural second-person)
oburhaso (masculine plural third-person)
iburhaso (masculine third-person)
yoburhaso (masculine third-person)
moburhaso (feminine masculine)
iburhaso (feminine)
yoburhaso (feminine)
iburhaso (masculine neuter)
iburhaso (neuter)
yoburhaso (neuter)


burede

toburede (exclusive first-person plural)
foburede (first-person plural)
miburede (first-person plural)
noburede (exclusive plural second-person)
niburede (plural second-person)
oburede (masculine plural third-person)
iburede (masculine third-person)
yoburede (masculine third-person)
moburede (feminine masculine)
iburede (feminine)
yoburede (feminine)
iburede (masculine neuter)
iburede (neuter)
yoburede (neuter)


busengi

tobusengi (exclusive first-person plural)
fobusengi (first-person plural)
mibusengi (first-person plural)
nobusengi (exclusive plural second-person)
nibusengi (plural second-person)
obusengi (masculine plural third-person)
ibusengi (masculine third-person)
yobusengi (masculine third-person)
mobusengi (feminine masculine)
ibusengi (feminine)
yobusengi (feminine)
ibusengi (masculine neuter)
ibusengi (neuter)
yobusengi (neuter)


bonci

Likely ultimately from Dutch boontje (“small bean”), possibly through Indonesian buncis.


yahu

toyahu (exclusive first-person plural)
foyahu (first-person plural)
miyahu (first-person plural)
noyahu (exclusive plural second-person)
niyahu (plural second-person)
oyahu (masculine plural third-person)
iyahu (masculine third-person)
yoyahu (masculine third-person)
moyahu (feminine masculine)
iyahu (feminine)
yoyahu (feminine)
iyahu (masculine neuter)
iyahu (neuter)
yoyahu (neuter)


buanona

Annona reticulata
Annona reticulata#Translingual


buau

tobuau (exclusive first-person plural)
fobuau (first-person plural)
mibuau (first-person plural)
nobuau (exclusive plural second-person)
nibuau (plural second-person)
obuau (masculine plural third-person)
ibuau (masculine third-person)
yobuau (masculine third-person)
mobuau (feminine masculine)
ibuau (feminine)
yobuau (feminine)
ibuau (masculine neuter)
ibuau (neuter)
yobuau (neuter)


yogo

toyogo (exclusive first-person plural)
foyogo (first-person plural)
miyogo (first-person plural)
noyogo (exclusive plural second-person)
niyogo (plural second-person)
oyogo (masculine plural third-person)
iyogo (masculine third-person)
yoyogo (masculine third-person)
moyogo (feminine masculine)
iyogo (feminine)
yoyogo (feminine)
iyogo (masculine neuter)
iyogo (neuter)
yoyogo (neuter)


bahala

Most likely ultimately deriving from Arabic بَلَاء (balāʔ)


yora

toyora (exclusive first-person plural)
foyora (first-person plural)
miyora (first-person plural)
noyora (exclusive plural second-person)
niyora (plural second-person)
oyora (masculine plural third-person)
iyora (masculine third-person)
yoyora (masculine third-person)
moyora (feminine masculine)
iyora (feminine)
yoyora (feminine)
iyora (masculine neuter)
iyora (neuter)
yoyora (neuter)


yoyogo

toyoyogo (exclusive first-person plural)
foyoyogo (first-person plural)
miyoyogo (first-person plural)
noyoyogo (exclusive plural second-person)
niyoyogo (plural second-person)
oyoyogo (masculine plural third-person)
iyoyogo (masculine third-person)
yoyoyogo (masculine third-person)
moyoyogo (feminine masculine)
iyoyogo (feminine)
yoyoyogo (feminine)
iyoyogo (masculine neuter)
iyoyogo (neuter)
yoyoyogo (neuter)

Possibly a partial reduplication of yogo (“fast, to hurry”).


wadaka

واداکه (Jawi)

Probably from Javanese ꦮꦼꦝꦏ꧀ (wedhak), from Old Javanese wĕḍak. Cognate with Indonesian bedak.


wadaka

واداکه (Jawi)
towadaka (exclusive first-person plural)
fowadaka (first-person plural)
miwadaka (first-person plural)
nowadaka (exclusive plural second-person)
niwadaka (plural second-person)
owadaka (masculine plural third-person)
iwadaka (masculine third-person)
yowadaka (masculine third-person)
mowadaka (feminine masculine)
iwadaka (feminine)
yowadaka (feminine)
iwadaka (masculine neuter)
iwadaka (neuter)
yowadaka (neuter)


wange malako

Compare the similar construction in Malay matahari (“sun”, literally “eye of the day”).


waho

towaho (exclusive first-person plural)
fowaho (first-person plural)
miwaho (first-person plural)
nowaho (exclusive plural second-person)
niwaho (plural second-person)
owaho (masculine plural third-person)
iwaho (masculine third-person)
yowaho (masculine third-person)
mowaho (feminine masculine)
iwaho (feminine)
yowaho (feminine)
iwaho (masculine neuter)
iwaho (neuter)
yowaho (neuter)


wilu

towilu (exclusive first-person plural)
fowilu (first-person plural)
miwilu (first-person plural)
nowilu (exclusive plural second-person)
niwilu (plural second-person)
owilu (masculine plural third-person)
iwilu (masculine third-person)
yowilu (masculine third-person)
mowilu (feminine masculine)
iwilu (feminine)
yowilu (feminine)
iwilu (masculine neuter)
iwilu (neuter)
yowilu (neuter)


wohe

towohe (exclusive first-person plural)
fowohe (first-person plural)
miwohe (first-person plural)
nowohe (exclusive plural second-person)
niwohe (plural second-person)
owohe (masculine plural third-person)
iwohe (masculine third-person)
yowohe (masculine third-person)
mowohe (feminine masculine)
iwohe (feminine)
yowohe (feminine)
iwohe (masculine neuter)
iwohe (neuter)
yowohe (neuter)

ana iwohe nyao


wokawoka

(specifically) the large-billed crow (Corvus macrorhynchos)


wiro

towiro (exclusive first-person plural)
fowiro (first-person plural)
miwiro (first-person plural)
nowiro (exclusive plural second-person)
niwiro (plural second-person)
owiro (masculine plural third-person)
iwiro (masculine third-person)
yowiro (masculine third-person)
mowiro (feminine masculine)
iwiro (feminine)
yowiro (feminine)
iwiro (masculine neuter)
iwiro (neuter)
yowiro (neuter)

(stative) to be long and sharp (like a sword)


woworo

Partial reduplication of woro (“to hang to dry”).


wigo

towigo (exclusive first-person plural)
fowigo (first-person plural)
miwigo (first-person plural)
nowigo (exclusive plural second-person)
niwigo (plural second-person)
owigo (masculine plural third-person)
iwigo (masculine third-person)
yowigo (masculine third-person)
mowigo (feminine masculine)
iwigo (feminine)
yowigo (feminine)
iwigo (masculine neuter)
iwigo (neuter)
yowigo (neuter)


uboubo

Reduplication of ubo (“the grand eclectus”), presumably for the flower's similar coloring.

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis#Translingual

the Chinese hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)


ugauga

the crêpe ginger (Cheilocostus speciosus)


ufe

toufe (exclusive first-person plural)
foufe (first-person plural)
miufe (first-person plural)
noufe (exclusive plural second-person)
niufe (plural second-person)
oufe (masculine plural third-person)
iufe (masculine third-person)
youfe (masculine third-person)
moufe (feminine masculine)
iufe (feminine)
youfe (feminine)
iufe (masculine neuter)
iufe (neuter)
youfe (neuter)


wuni

towuni (exclusive first-person plural)
fowuni (first-person plural)
miwuni (first-person plural)
nowuni (exclusive plural second-person)
niwuni (plural second-person)
owuni (masculine plural third-person)
iwuni (masculine third-person)
yowuni (masculine third-person)
mowuni (feminine masculine)
iwuni (feminine)
yowuni (feminine)
iwuni (masculine neuter)
iwuni (neuter)
yowuni (neuter)


usipera

ؤسڤيرة (Jawi)


tabadiku

تابديکو (Jawi)


لامو

From Proto-North Halmahera *lamok ("big").


tabalai

totabalai (exclusive first-person plural)
fotabalai (first-person plural)
mitabalai (first-person plural)
notabalai (exclusive plural second-person)
nitabalai (plural second-person)
otabalai (masculine plural third-person)
itabalai (masculine third-person)
yotabalai (masculine third-person)
motabalai (feminine masculine)
itabalai (feminine)
yotabalai (feminine)
itabalai (masculine neuter)
itabalai (neuter)
yotabalai (neuter)


سيݢي

Probably from Classical Malay [Term?], from Arabic مَسْجِد (masjid).


kokahu

the water tank used to store fish in a boat


sihisihi

tosihisihi (exclusive first-person plural)
fosihisihi (first-person plural)
misihisihi (first-person plural)
nosihisihi (exclusive plural second-person)
nisihisihi (plural second-person)
osihisihi (masculine plural third-person)
isihisihi (masculine third-person)
yosihisihi (masculine third-person)
mosihisihi (feminine masculine)
isihisihi (feminine)
yosihisihi (feminine)
isihisihi (masculine neuter)
isihisihi (neuter)
yosihisihi (neuter)


kobori

tokobori (exclusive first-person plural)
fokobori (first-person plural)
mikobori (first-person plural)
nokobori (exclusive plural second-person)
nikobori (plural second-person)
okobori (masculine plural third-person)
ikobori (masculine third-person)
yokobori (masculine third-person)
mokobori (feminine masculine)
ikobori (feminine)
yokobori (feminine)
ikobori (masculine neuter)
ikobori (neuter)
yokobori (neuter)


tabea

تبيىٰ (Jawi)
totabea (exclusive first-person plural)
fotabea (first-person plural)
mitabea (first-person plural)
notabea (exclusive plural second-person)
nitabea (plural second-person)
otabea (masculine plural third-person)
itabea (masculine third-person)
yotabea (masculine third-person)
motabea (feminine masculine)
itabea (feminine)
yotabea (feminine)
itabea (masculine neuter)
itabea (neuter)
yotabea (neuter)


sarangati

tosarangati (exclusive first-person plural)
fosarangati (first-person plural)
misarangati (first-person plural)
nosarangati (exclusive plural second-person)
nisarangati (plural second-person)
osarangati (masculine plural third-person)
isarangati (masculine third-person)
yosarangati (masculine third-person)
mosarangati (feminine masculine)
isarangati (feminine)
yosarangati (feminine)
isarangati (masculine neuter)
isarangati (neuter)
yosarangati (neuter)

Cognate with West Makian sarangati (“to have a grudge against”).


tagalngana

تݢلڠان (Jawi)


tagalolo

تاݢلولو (Jawi)

Manado Malay: tagalolo


tabisasu

تبيساسو (Jawi)

Possibly from tabi (“to bring together”) + sasu (“to slide”), for its use in weaving. Also cognate with Matbat tabisasu and Tobelo tabihahu (“Acriopsis javanica”), among other identifications.

com

a kind of orchid; its leaves have been used for plaiting and weaving (baskets, hats, etc.)


tadu

Ultimately from Austronesian; compare Indonesian tanduk.


tadu

Possibly related to the previous etymology.


tadu

totadu (exclusive first-person plural)
fotadu (first-person plural)
mitadu (first-person plural)
notadu (exclusive plural second-person)
nitadu (plural second-person)
otadu (masculine plural third-person)
itadu (masculine third-person)
yotadu (masculine third-person)
motadu (feminine masculine)
itadu (feminine)
yotadu (feminine)
itadu (masculine neuter)
itadu (neuter)
yotadu (neuter)

(transitive) to shade, to shadow, to cast a shadow by covering


calana

From Malay celana, from Hindi चोलना (colnā).


takome

Morinda citrifolia
Morinda citrifolia#Translingual


falofalo

→ Manado Malay: falo-falo

From reduplication of falo (“to collect water with buckets”).


fofoki

Either by haplology from fokifoki (“eggplant”) or by partial reduplication of an unrecorded root foki.


fokifoki

→ Manado Malay: foki-foki

→ North Moluccan Malay: foki-foki

→ Balantak: poki-poki'

Recorded first by Filet as fokki-fokki, which de Clercq labels "minder goed" (“not as good”). Cognate with Tobelo woki-woki (“eggplant”).


talalu

From North Moluccan Malay talalu, from Classical Malay ترلالو (terlalu).


takua

From Malay takwa, from Arabic تَقْوَى (taqwā).


talabu

totalabu (exclusive first-person plural)
fotalabu (first-person plural)
mitalabu (first-person plural)
notalabu (exclusive plural second-person)
nitalabu (plural second-person)
otalabu (masculine plural third-person)
italabu (masculine third-person)
yotalabu (masculine third-person)
motalabu (feminine masculine)
italabu (feminine)
yotalabu (feminine)
italabu (masculine neuter)
italabu (neuter)
yotalabu (neuter)


tamako

Within North Halmaheran, cognate with Tidore tamao and Sahu toma'ono. Likely cognate with Menggwa Dla tamako (“axe”), Tehit (Imian) tmak (“axe”).


ڽاو

From Proto-North Halmahera *nawok (fish).


talaki

From Arabic طَلَاق (ṭalāq), possibly through Malay.


talaki

totalaki (exclusive first-person plural)
fotalaki (first-person plural)
mitalaki (first-person plural)
notalaki (exclusive plural second-person)
nitalaki (plural second-person)
otalaki (masculine plural third-person)
italaki (masculine third-person)
yotalaki (masculine third-person)
motalaki (feminine masculine)
italaki (feminine)
yotalaki (feminine)
italaki (masculine neuter)
italaki (neuter)
yotalaki (neuter)


saraa

Probably from Arabic صَلَاة (ṣalāh, “prayer”).


tarpopo

Alternative form of turupopo (“thunder, thunderclap”)


Tarinate

ترناتي (Jawi)


tarigu

From Indonesian terigu, from Portuguese trigo, from Latin trīticum.


tapaya

Ultimately from Dutch papaja (possibly through Indonesian papaya), from Spanish papaya, from Lokono papáia

Carica papaya
Carica papaya#Translingual