𗋽

𗋽𗆔𗼻

*zjɨ̱r² kạ² ljɨ̣²

𗋽𗉝

*zjɨ̱r² śjị²

𗋽𗋐𗉝𘂬

*zjɨ̱r² tśhju¹ śjị² ꞏo¹

𗋽𗹴

*zjɨ̱r² mə̱¹

𗋽𘐉𗼻

*zjɨ̱r² wjạ² ljɨ̣²

𗋽𘔟𗤻

*zjɨ̱r² dźjɨ̣² wjạ¹

𗼻𗋽𘕺𗆔𘎵𗖜𘔨𗇋

*ljɨ̣² zjɨ̱r² gju¹ kạ² zjịj² tjạ¹ njij² mjijr²


𗀋

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”).

the Snake, the sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches (Chinese 巳 (sì))


𗀔

𗀔𗶷

*tśhja̱¹ śjɨ¹


𗵃

the Dragon, the fifth of the twelve Earthly Branches (Chinese 辰 (chén)).


𗍫

𗍫𗏁𘘞𗳩

*njɨ̱¹ ŋwə¹ ka¹ ꞏo¹

𗍫𘋠𗈶

*njɨ̱¹ mə² sjɨ¹

𗍱𗍫

*zjɨ̣² njɨ̱¹


𗏁

Inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l-ŋaʔ (“five”).

inh+

𗍫𗏁𘘞𗳩

*njɨ̱¹ ŋwə¹ ka¹ ꞏo¹

𗥃𗏁𘘞𗳝

*ljɨr¹ ŋwə¹ ka¹ ꞏo¹


𗀀

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *duk ~ tuk.
Character composition: middle part of 𘊓 (*la, “scorpion”) + right part of 𗀋 (*phio², “snake”).


𗀂

Character composition: surrounding (upper + left) part of 𗀔 (*tśhja̱¹) + right part of 𗢼 (*zjịj², “honest; upright”).


𗀇

Possibly borrowed from Middle Chinese 強 (/ɡɨɐŋ/, “strong”).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 俄 (nga).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 娥 (nga).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 虞 (ngju).


𗀊

𗰗𗀊

*ɣạ² tśhja̱¹


𗊴

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *swiʔ. Cognate with Tibetan ཡི་དམ (yi dam), S'gaw Karen သွံၣ် (thweè), Western Pwo ၥွံၪ, Burmese သွေး (swe:), and Western Kayah ꤞꤝꤤ꤬ (thwì).


𗁅

𗁅𘙌𘐏

*lạ¹ kjɨ¹ tjị¹

𘝵𘝵𘅫𗋳𗼞𘔮𘂤𘝵𗉣𗁅

*ꞏjij¹ ꞏjij¹ tśju¹ kwã¹ kow² ꞏwar² kha¹ ꞏjij¹ phji¹ lạ¹


𗀌

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 車 (t͡ɕʰia, “vehicle”).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 闡 (tsyhen^X).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 纏 (ɖˠiᴇn, ɖˠiᴇnᴴ).


𗀒

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 尚, as part of 和尚 (hwa dzyangᴴ).


𗈪

𗓦𘒣𗈪𘋠𗬫𗖵𘎪𗪛𗟻

*dwu̱² dạ² ꞏja mə² djɨr² bju¹ tshji̱j¹ dźjwow¹ phji¹


𘋇

the Rat, the first of the twelve Earthly Branches (Chinese 子)


𗵊

the Ox, the second of the twelve Earthly Branches (Chinese 丑 (chǒu)).


𗱈

the Tiger, the third of the twelve Earthly Branches (Chinese 寅 (yín)).


𗍍

the Rabbit, the fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches (Chinese 卯 (mǎo)).


𘆽

the Horse, the seventh of the twelve Earthly Branches (Chinese 午).


𘍂

the Goat, the eighth of the twelve Earthly Branches (Chinese 未 (wèi)).


𘂶

the Monkey, the ninth of the twelve Earthly Branches (Chinese 申 (shēn)).


𗿼

the Rooster, the tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches (Chinese 酉 (yǒu)).


𗗻

Phono-semantic compound: semantic 𗘂 + phonetic 𗰞

the Dog, the eleventh of the twelve Earthly Branches (Chinese 戌).


𗘅

the Pig, the twelfth of the twelve Earthly Branches (Chinese 亥 (hài)).


𗧓

I; me; my (first person singular pronoun)

Suffixed to the stem 1 form of verbs to form the second/third-person-subject first-person-singular-object form.

Suffixed to the stem 2 form of verbs to form the first-person-singular-subject third-person-object form.


𗀙

𗀙𗿧

*phə̱¹ tsə̣¹


𗀚

𗳳𗀚𘎆

*śiə¹ śio¹ dźjwɨ¹


𗀠

𗀠𗈵

*phə̱¹ dźjɨ̣²


𗀫

𗉛𗷫𗀫

*źjị¹ njɨ̱² pho̱¹


𗀱

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 庖 (baew).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 鮑 (baew^X).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 薄 (bak).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 璞 (phaewk).


𗁈

⿲𘠁𘡱𘠴 (composition)
MC tat (romanization)


𗁍

Used in surnames as a transliteration of Middle Chinese 部 (buo^X, bəu^X).


𗁒

to expand; to distend; to (cause to) swell


𗁓

⿲𘠁𘡱𘢞 (composition)
MC tok (romanization)


𗁔

to take # to hit (canonical)
to strike (canonical)
⿲𘠁𘢌𘡫 (composition)


𗁗

Used in surnames as a transliteration of Middle Chinese 酩 (meng^X).


𗁘

to distend (canonical)
to swell # wide (canonical)
⿰𘠁⿰𘡃⿰𘠌𘡃 (composition)


𗁥

𘆮𗁥

*tśjị² tśjọ²


𗁩

⿲𘠁𘡱𘥁 (composition)
MC tongX (romanization)
MC tong (romanization)
MC tongH (romanization)


𗁪

Used in surnames as a transliteration of Middle Chinese 竇 (duwᴴ).

Used in surnames as a transliteration of Middle Chinese 豆 (duwᴴ).

Used in surnames as a transliteration of Middle Chinese 鍮 (thuw).

Used to transliterate Middle Chinese 嶸 (ɦˠwɛŋ) from 崢嶸 (dzreang hweang) in 𗽤𗁪 (*tśhiej² thew²).


𗁰

paternal aunt (canonical)
⿲𘠁𘤕𘢌 (composition)


𗁱

𗁱𗻕

*ꞏjịj² śia̱²


𗁲

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 昧 (/muʌiᴴ/).


𗁳

𗁳𘃎𗋀

*ꞏja̱² pjạ¹ tśjɨ̣²


𗂈

𗂈𗼛

*źjɨ̣¹ tśier¹


𗂋

to pluck; to flip; to play (a stringed musical instrument)


𗂐

to impale; to pierce; to invade and harass


𗂓

Used in surnames as a transliteration of Middle Chinese 竇 (/dəuᴴ/).

Used in surnames as a transliteration of Middle Chinese 斗 (/təu^X/).


𗂳

𗮆𗂳

*ljị¹ tśjɨ̱r²


𗂶

𗂶𘋌

*rər¹ tśjɨ̱¹


𗃁

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 拍 (/pʰˠæk̚/).


𗃌

to hold up (canonical)
⿲𘠁𘦳⿱𘠛𘧱 (composition)


𗃖

Used in surnames as a transliteration of Middle Chinese 穆 (/mɨuk̚/).

Used in surnames as a transliteration of Middle Chinese 慕 (/muoᴴ/).


𗃢

𘞒𗃢

*śjɨ̱¹ śji̱¹


𗃫

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 表 (/piᴇu^X/).


𗃲

𗃲𗈐

*dźiəj² mə̣¹


𗃳

to watch (canonical)
to inspect (canonical)
to examine (canonical)
⿰𘠈⿱𘡅𘨈 (composition)


𗃵

𗺎𗍋𘒏𗰨𗃵𗙼𗅂𘕿𗋳

*tśhjɨ̱¹ khjɨ̱¹ gia¹ ꞏjiw² pjụ² ꞏju² rjar¹ ɣa² kwã¹


𗃼

Name of an insect, transliterated into Chinese as 疙 (gē); see also 𗃼𗗿 (*kə¹ ta¹).


𗃿

Used in place names as a transliteration of Middle Chinese 爾 (/ȵiᴇ^X/).


𗄁

illusion (canonical)
⿱𘠊⿰𘢬𘠢 (composition)


𗄂

Syllable "tśjwij", transliterated into Chinese as 這.


𗄃

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 章 (/t͡ɕɨɐŋ/).


𗄅

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 築 (/ʈɨuk̚/).


𗄆

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 招 (/t͡ɕiᴇu/).


𗄉

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 席 (/ziᴇk̚/).


𗄋

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 爾 (/ȵiᴇ^X/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 兒 (/ȵiᴇ/).


𗄌

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 珠 (/t͡ɕɨo/).


𗄍

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 長 (/ɖɨɐŋ/).


𗄏

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 旨 (/t͡ɕˠiɪ^X/).


𗄚

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 主 (/t͡ɕɨo^X/).


𗄞

𗄞𗄦

*wjɨ̣¹ dźiẹj²


𗄦

𗄞𗄦

*wjɨ̣¹ dźiẹj²


𗄭

𗄭𗶷

*dzjɨ̣² śjɨ¹

𗄭𘋩𗥦𘏿

*dzjɨ̣² do² ɣu¹ kạ¹


𗄯

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 梅 (/muʌi/).


𗄱

⿲𘠐𘢌𘠁 (composition)
MC pjieng (romanization)


𗄽

𗲡𗝢𗄽

*xẽ² lã¹ śiã¹

𗲡𗝢𗄽𘆄𗝠𗓑𘍞

*xẽ² lã¹ śiã¹ njɨ² sji¹ ꞏwejr² iọ¹

𗶕𗔃𗄽

*ꞏjã² tśji² śiã¹


𗅁

𘋨𗙼𗗎𘎪𗅋𘞿𘌊𗆈𗢸𗅁𘉻𗧊

*dzjwɨ¹ ꞏju² pjwɨ̱r¹ tshji̱j¹ mji¹ wjij¹ gjiw¹ gjị² lja̱² ꞏu² lhẹ² to²


𗅋

𗦻𗅋𘂬𘓐𗖖𗖓𗇋

*mji̱j² mji¹ ꞏo¹ dzjwo² njɨ̣¹ lho̱¹ mjijr²


𗅱

𗼻𗅱

*ljɨ̣² tjɨ̣j²


𗆔

𗋽𗆔𗼻

*zjɨ̱r² kạ² ljɨ̣²


𗆰

to carry; to return; to transfer; to transport


𗇃

Syllable "xwa", transliterated into Chinese as 哈 (hā).


𗇄

to sprinkle; to spread; to scatter; to break


𗇋

𗙼𗙷𘙇𗷆𗈹𗎤𗇋

*ꞏju² rjir² rjɨr² phji̱¹ sji̱¹ mej¹ mjijr²

𘉇𗖠𗫔𗥞𗹙𘃡𗇋

*dzew² ŋwej² ꞏji¹ gju̱² tsji̱r¹ wji¹ mjijr²


𗇔

Variant form of 𗈀 (*ljɨ¹):
to fall; to sink


𗇖

𗇖𗐜

*tśjɨ̱r² ɣja²


𗇰

to think of; to long for; to miss (someone)


𗇶

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 捉 (/t͡ʃˠʌk̚/).


𗇸

𗾞𗇸

*njɨ̱² zjɨ̣¹


𗇹

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 簡 (/kˠɛn^X/).


𗈐

𗃲𗈐

*dźiəj² mə̣¹


𗈙

𗉛𗈙

*źjị¹ tśju̱¹

𗧟𗈙

*źjɨ̱¹ tśju̱¹


𗈧

𗫓𗈧

*śjo̱r¹ śjịj¹


𗈵

𗀠𗈵

*phə̱¹ dźjɨ̣²


𗈶

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sij (“to die”).

𗍫𘋠𗈶

*njɨ̱¹ mə² sjɨ¹


𗉘

𘖑𗉘𘓁

*mjɨ¹ tśhjɨ¹ ljɨ̣¹


𗉛

𗉛𗈙

*źjị¹ tśju̱¹

𗉛𗉪

*źjị¹ tśhiəj²

𗉛𗷫𗀫

*źjị¹ njɨ̱² pho̱¹

𗪆𗉛

*sjwɨ̱¹ źjị¹


𗉝

𗉝𗻒

*śjị² dźjwã²

𗋽𗉝

*zjɨ̱r² śjị²

𗋽𗋐𗉝𘂬

*zjɨ̱r² tśhju¹ śjị² ꞏo¹

𗺖𗺯𗉝

*tsa¹ ɣu² śjị²

𘀄𗉝𗤻

*gju̱² śjị² wjạ¹

𘎷𗉝

*njwɨ̣² śjị²


𗉪

𗉛𗉪

*źjị¹ tśhiəj²


𗉰

𗉰𘋒

*tśhjɨ¹ gjɨ̱¹


𗉺

𗟦𘞐𗉺

*mã¹ śju̱¹ śia¹


𗊀

𗊀𗽌

*ɣju¹ ꞏjə̣j²

𗽌𗊀

*ꞏjə̣j² ɣju¹


𗊢

𗊢𘞌

*ljɨ̱¹ źjɨr¹

𘆮𗊢

*tśjị² ljɨ̱¹


𗊻

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 尚 (/d͡ʑɨɐŋᴴ/).


𗊾

Used in place names as a transliteration of Middle Chinese 坻 (/ɖˠiɪ/).


𗋀

𗁳𘃎𗋀

*ꞏja̱² pjạ¹ tśjɨ̣²

𗓍𗋀

*śia̱² tśjɨ̣²


𗋐

𗋽𗋐𗉝𘂬

*zjɨ̱r² tśhju¹ śjị² ꞏo¹


𗋑

𗋑𘔟

*djɨ̣j² dźjɨ̣²


𗐱

Suffixed to the stem 1 form of verbs to form the second/third-person-subject first-person-plural-object form.

Suffixed to the stem 1 form of verbs to form the first/third-person-subject second-person-plural-object form.

Suffixed to the stem 1 form of verbs to form the first/second-person-plural-subject third-person-object form.


𘉞

Suffixed to the stem 1 form of verbs to form the first/third-person-subject second-person-singular-object form.


𗋡

𗋡𗍥

*nia̱² ɣjɨ̣¹


𗋪

𗋪𗹰

*ꞏwiọ¹ tśjɨ̣¹

𗋪𗼻𘍞

*ꞏwiọ¹ ljɨ̣² iọ¹


𗌭

𗌭𘇹𗲤

*ku¹ śiə¹ thə¹


𗌷

𗐹𗤩𗌷

*ꞏã¹ ɣjwã¹ po¹


𗌿

𗜐𗌿

*mə̱¹ pjɨ̣j²


𗸣

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 德 (MC tok).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 得 (MC tok).


𗍅

𗍅𘃨

*kjɨ̱r¹ ɣjɨr¹

𗽁𗍅

*ɣjɨ̣¹ kjɨ̱r¹

𘖟𗏫𗍅

*bẹ¹ lụ² kjɨ̱r¹


𗍋

𗰖𗍋

*śjo̱¹ khjɨ̱¹

𗺎𗍋

*tśhjɨ̱¹ khjɨ̱¹


𗍏

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 宿 (/sɨuk̚/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 須 (/sɨo/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 蘇 (/suo/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 胥 (/sɨʌ/, /sɨʌ^X/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 肅 (/sɨuk̚/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 嵩 (/sɨuŋ/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 松 (/zɨoŋ/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 俗 (/zɨok̚/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 徐 (/zɨʌ/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 續 (/zɨok̚/).


𗍐

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 欽 (/kʰˠiɪm/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 琴 (/ɡˠiɪm/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 慶 (/kʰˠiæŋᴴ/).


𗴪

to observe; to watch; to inspect; to examine


𘘮

(higher register) I; me; my (first person singular pronoun)


𗧅

(imperial) I; me; my (first person singular pronoun)

𗐺𗧅𗥺

*mẽ¹ ɣjɨr¹ ŋwə̱¹

𗐺𗧅𗱀

*mẽ¹ ɣjɨr¹ ꞏo¹


𗍥

𗋡𗍥

*nia̱² ɣjɨ̣¹


𗍬

tael (a traditional Chinese unit of weight)


𗍭

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 亮 (/lɨɐŋᴴ/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 涼 (/lɨɐŋ/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 糧 (/lɨɐŋ/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 量 (/lɨɐŋ/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 梁 (/lɨɐŋ/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 良 (/lɨɐŋ/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 龍 (/lɨoŋ/).

Transliteration of Middle Chinese 隴 (/lɨoŋ^X/).


𗍱

𗍱𗍫

*zjɨ̣² njɨ̱¹


𗜍

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/b-sat (“to kill”).


𗾫

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *saŋ (“to think”), cognate to Chinese 想 (xiǎng, “to think”).


𗣏

Phono-semantic compound: semantic 𗧍 + phonetic 𗡮


𗘂

Ideogrammic compound:𗗻 (“dog”) + 𘋽 (“dog”)


𘋽

Ideogrammic compound:𘋿 (“dog”) + 𗘂 (“dog”)