entremetida

entremetida (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜋᜒᜆᜒᜇ)

ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜋᜒᜆᜒᜇ (Baybayin)

[ʔɛn̪.t̪ɾɛ.mɛˈt̪iː.d̪ɐ]

female equivalent of entremetido: female meddler; female noser; meddlesome woman


entremetida

ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜋᜒᜆᜒᜇ (Baybayin)

[ʔɛn̪.t̪ɾɛ.mɛˈt̪iː.d̪ɐ]


kundiman

The name of the love song is possibly due to the strong association of love to the color of the cloth. Compare Cebuano kundiman, Hiligaynon kundiman, Calamian Tagbanwa kundiman, Palawan Batak kundiman, Hanunoo kundiman.

(music) kundiman (a genre of native love songs or serenades)


karot

Borrowed from English carrot, from Middle English karette and Middle French carotte, both from Latin carōta, from Ancient Greek καρωτόν (karōtón).


monigote

(figurative) simpleton; idiot; stupid person


Calderon

Calderón (canonical)
ᜃᜎ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


Dominguez

tl-proper noun

Dominguez (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜋᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜐ᜔)

ᜇᜓᜋᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish Domínguez. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Domínguez, common in Metro Manila, Cavite and Rizal


Marquez

tl-proper noun

Marquéz or Marquez (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜇ᜔ᜃᜒᜐ᜔)

Marquéz (canonical)
Marquez (canonical)
ᜋᜇ᜔ᜃᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish Márquez, patronymic form of Marcos.

a surname from Spanish, most associated with:

Joey Marquez, actor and former professional basketball player

Teresita "Winwyn" Marquez, actress, the first Filipina to win the Reina Hispanoamericana


Fernandez

Fernandez (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔)

ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish Fernández (patronymic of Fernando (“Ferdinand”)).


Velez

Borrowed from Spanish, of patronymic origin.


Mejia

Borrowed from Spanish Mejía. Mostly a back-formation from Mejías, a surname in the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Mejía, mostly concentrated in Metro Manila, Nueva Ecija and Rizal


Hernandez

Hernandez (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜇ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ or ᜑᜒᜇ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔)

ᜁᜇ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
ᜑᜒᜇ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɛɾˈn̪an̪.d̪ɛs]

Borrowed from Spanish Hernández (“son of Hernando”), from Hernando, variant of Fernando (“Ferdinand”), of Germanic origin.


Mendez

Casto Méndez Núñez
Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

Borrowed from Spanish Méndez, from Mendo + -ez.
Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.
The name of the municipality in Cavite is shortened from Mendez-Nuñez, named after Casto Méndez Núñez, Spanish commodore.

a surname from Spanish [in turn originating as a patronymic]

Mendez (a municipality of Cavite, Philippines)


Salas

Borrowed from Spanish, from salas, plural of sala.


Cortez

Borrowed from Spanish Cortez, variant of Cortés, from cortés (“polite”).


Aguirre

Borrowed from Spanish Aguirre, from Basque Agirre. Old surname originating in the Basque Country.
Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Basque], equivalent to Spanish Aguirre, most concentrated in Metro Manila, Rizal, Bulacan and Cavite


Velasquez

Borrowed from Spanish Velásquez, variant of Velázquez. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a common surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Velásquez


Chavez

Borrowed from Spanish Chávez, variant of Chaves, from Galician Chaves.


Acosta

Borrowed from Spanish Acosta. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, common in Metro Manila, Nueva Ecija and Cavite


Jimenez

Borrowed from Spanish Jiménez. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a common surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Jiménez, widespread in Metro Manila, Bulacan and Cavite

Misamis Occidental
Misamis Occidental#English

Jimenez (a municipality of Misamis Occidental, Philippines)


Solis

tl-proper noun

Solís or Solis (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜎᜒᜐ᜔)

Solís (canonical)
Solis (canonical)
ᜐᜓᜎᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

a surname from Spanish, notably borne by:


Cardenas

Cardenas or Cárdenás (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜈᜐ᜔)

Cardenas (canonical)
Cárdenás (canonical)
ᜃᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜈᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

[kɐɾˈd̪ɛː.n̪ɐs]

Borrowed from Spanish Cárdenas. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, common in Metro Manila, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija and Rizal


Serrano

Borrowed from Spanish Serrano. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a common surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Serrano, common in Metro Manila, Batangas, Bulacan, Rizal, Cavite, Laguna and Nueva Ecija


Cabrera

[kɐˈbɾɛː.ɾɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish Cabrera, occupational surname for a goatherd. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a common surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Cabrera, widespread across Tagalog-speaking areas but most concentrated around Metro Manila, Batangas, Cavite, Laguna and Bulacan.


Valenzuela

Valenzuela (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜏᜒᜎ)

ᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜏᜒᜎ (Baybayin)

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos
Pio Valenzuela

Borrowed from Spanish Valenzuela. As a surname, originating in Castile and León. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.
The city in Metro Manila is named after Filipino revolutionary Pio Valenzuela.

named-after

Valenzuela (an independent city in Metro Manila, Philippines)


Juarez

Borrowed from Spanish Juárez, from Galician Xuarez (patronymic of Xuaro). Cognate to Suarez (Spanish Suárez) and Portuguese Soares.


Martinez

Borrowed from Spanish Martínez, from Martín + -ez. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a common surname, Martínez, from Spanish


Rodriguez

tl-proper noun

Rodriguez (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜄᜒᜐ᜔)

ᜇᜓᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜄᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ɾod̪ˈɾiː.ɣɛs]

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos
Eulogio Rodriguez

Borrowed from Spanish Rodríguez, patronymic form of Rodrigo. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos''.
The municipality in Rizal is named after Filipino senator Eulogio Rodriguez. Renamed from Montalban under Batas Pambansa 275 in 1982, which was repealed in 2023.

named-after

Rodríguez: a common surname from Spanish

Rodriguez (a municipality in northern Rizal, Philippines; modern Montalban)


Pacheco

Borrowed from Spanish Pacheco, surname of Portuguese origin mostly found in Andalusia. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, common in Metro Manila, Bulacan and Nueva Ecija

A barangay of Magallanes, Cavite, Philippines


Mercado

a surname from Spanish, most associated with several people:

José Rizal (full name: José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda), national hero of the Philippines


kutsinta

kutsintâ (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)

[kʊ.t͡ʃɪn̪ˈt̪aʔ]

kutsinta (a red or yellow steamed rice cake with a chewy, jelly-like consistency, popular in the Philippines)


kontinente

tl-noun

kontinente (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish continente, from Latin continēns, continentem.

continent (each of main land-masses on earth's surface)


lulos

passing through without delay or interruption


hipik

rise and fall of the abdomen as a result of breathing


basurera

[bɐ.sʊˈɾɛː.ɾɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish basurera, By surface analysis, basura + -era.

female equivalent of basurero: female garbage collector


ipis

→ Bikol Central: ipis

From Proto-Philippine *ipəs (compare Bikol Central ipis, Cebuano ipos, Ilocano ipes, Kapampangan ipas), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ipəs (compare Kimaragang lipos, Malay lipas, Minangkabau lipeh), from Proto-Austronesian *Sipəs (compare Amis dadipis, Atayal hipux, Kavalan sipes, Sakizaya dadipis).

(Marinduque) young, tiny cockroach (in its molting stage)


luga

(pathology) smelly pus secretion in the ear


Shibuya

Borrowed from Hepburn romaji of Japanese 渋谷 (Shibuya).


tangkal

From Proto-Philippine *taŋkal (“coop, as for chickens; pen, as for pigs”). Compare Bikol Central tangkal (“pigsty”).

inh

(obsolete) carving of wood to smooth it out


saab

singed; burned (of something superficially over a flame)


saab

singing; burning (of something superficially over a flame)


Princess

ᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from English Princess, from princess.


hunta

tl-noun

hunta or huntá (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜓᜈ᜔ᜆ)

hunta (canonical)
huntá (canonical)
ᜑᜓᜈ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)

(colloquial) long, tiresome conversation


adornador

adornadór (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜓᜇ᜔ᜈᜇᜓᜇ᜔)

adornadór (canonical)
ᜀᜇᜓᜇ᜔ᜈᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐ.d̪oɾ.n̪ɐˈd̪oɾ]


aerograma

[ʔɐ.ɛ.ɾoˈɡɾaː.mɐ]

aerogram (a thin piece of foldable and gummed paper for writing a letter and serving as its own envelope for transit via airmail)


klinik

Borrowed from English clinic.Doublet of klinika.


hiyo

hiyô (canonical)
hiyó (canonical)
ᜑᜒᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


hapo

hard of breathing; catching one's breath with difficulty


hapo

gasping; panting; breathing with difficulty


garupa

Epinephelus fuscoguttatus
Wikispecies:Epinephelus fuscoguttatus

brown-marbled grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus)


Candelaria

tl-proper noun

Candelaria (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜎᜇ᜔ᜌ)

Borrowed from Spanish Candelaria (“Candlemas”), mostly a reference to the Virgin of Candelaria, an epithet of the Virgin Mary common in Latin America.

bor+

Candelaria (a municipality of Quezon, Philippines)

Candelaria (a municipality of Zambales, Philippines)

a female given name from Spanish, a reference to the Virgin of Candelaria


Llanes

Borrowed from Spanish Llanes, from Asturian Llanes, after the municipality in Asturias, Spain. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Asturian], mostly found in Batangas and Laguna


Conde

also the 312th most common surname in the Philippines


ikuha

tl-verb

ikuha (complete ikinuha, progressive ikinukuha, contemplative ikukuha, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜓᜑ)

ikinuha (completive)
ikinukuha (progressive)
ikukuha (contemplative)
ᜁᜃᜓᜑ (Baybayin)
kuha (root)
ikuha (infinitive)
ikinuha (completive root)
ikinukuha (progressive root)
inakuha (dialectal progressive root)
ikukuha (contemplative objective)
akuha (contemplative dialectal objective)
ikuha (imperative objective)
kunan (dialectal imperative objective)

tl-infl-i

ikuha

ikuha

Ikuha mo naman ako ng tubig.

to get something for; to bring something for (someone)


tumbaga

Borrowed from Spanish tumbaga, from Malay tembaga, from Sanskrit ताम्रक (tāmraka, “copper”) or Sanskrit उडुम्बर (uḍumbara, “copper”).


anito

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qanitu (c.f. Samoan aitu, Malay hantu), from Proto-Austronesian *qaNiCu (c.f. Bunun hanitu).

superstitious custom; superstitious practice


anito

[ˌʔaː.n̪ɪˈt̪o]


urang

long stake, picket, or pile used as a post in making fences (usually pointed at one end for driving into the ground)


iyan

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ian (“that, there (probably 2p.)”). Compare Bikol Central iyan.

inh

that (far from the speaker, but near the person addressed)


kandungan

[kɐn̪ˈd̪uː.ŋɐn̪]


kabata

From ka- + bata. Compare Cebuano kabata.


kabata

sa aking mga kabata


akseptable

tl-adj

akseptable (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜉ᜔ᜆᜊ᜔ᜎᜒ)

ᜀᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜉ᜔ᜆᜊ᜔ᜎᜒ (Baybayin)

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English acceptable.


tite

[ˈt̪iː.t̪ɛʔ]


Senado

Senate of the Philippines
w:Senate of the Philippines

Senate (especially the Senate of the Philippines)


Santo Niño

tl-proper noun

Santo Niño or Santó Niño (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ ᜈᜒᜈ᜔ᜌᜓ)

Santo Niño (canonical)
Santó Niño (canonical)
ᜐᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ ᜈᜒᜈ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish Santo Niño (“holy boy”).


trumpo

Borrowed from Spanish trompo. Compare Ilocano tarampo.


loobpananagos

tl-noun

loobpananagos (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ᜉᜈᜈᜄᜓᜐ᜔)

ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ᜉᜈᜈᜄᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


Sulu

Borrowed from Spanish Sulu/Sulú, from Tausug Sulug (“Sulu”), an older form of Sūg (“Sulu”), possibly from Tausug sulug, an older form of sūg (“current”). Compare Maranao Solog, Malay Suluk, Hokkien 蘇祿／苏禄 (So͘-lo̍k).

Sulu (a province of Mindanao, Philippines; capital: Jolo & Patikul)

Sulu Archipelago (an archipelago in Mindanao, Philippines)


Arhentina

tl-proper noun

Arhentina (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇ᜔ᜑᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ)

ᜀᜇ᜔ᜑᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐɾ.hɛn̪ˈt̪iː.n̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish Argentina (“Argentina”).


pantay

[pɐn̪ˈt̪aɪ̯]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pantay (“flat, level (of ground)”).


ngipin

From Proto-Philippine *ŋipən, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nipən, from Proto-Austronesian *nipən.


Chung

From Cantonese 鍾／钟 (Zung¹), via English Chung.

a Chinese Filipino surname from Cantonese


pirit

[ˈpiː.ɾɪt̪̚]

small singing bird, similar to a sparrow


kroni

Na tapat ang iyong umano'y adhika // Na eliminahin yaong mga linta // Hangga't di mo tunay na sinasawata // Ang 'yong mga kroni, kaanak, at tuta.

1985, Francisco Soc Rodrigo, Mga tula at tilamsik ng diwa:

(by extension, informal) subordinate; follower


buhos

(figurative) full exertion (of one's strength)


konti

Pronunciation spelling
pronunciation spelling


kutsilyo

ᜃᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


tambay

→ English: tambay

From a clipping of istambay, from English stand by.


tambay

consumed; finished (of work assigned, etc.)

killed instantaneously (especially with a single blow, stab, shot, etc.)


tambay

instantaneous death (especially with a single blow, stab, shot, etc.)


antok

[ʔɐn̪ˈt̪ok̚]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qantuk. Compare Malay antuk.


antok

[ʔɐn̪ˈt̪ok̚]


talaga

From Proto-Philippine *talagá (“truly, surely, really, in fact”). Compare Bikol Central talaga and Kapampangan talaga.


talaga

act of inducting or installing (of officers, officials, etc.)

act of assigning an employee (to a certain place)

act of setting aside of something (for a certain purpose)


talaga

[t̪ɐˈlaː.ɣɐʔ]

Possibly borrowed from Malay telaga, from Sanskrit तलक (talaka, “pond”). Compare Javanese ꦠ꧀ꦭꦒ (tlaga, “lake”), Kapampangan talaga, Sundanese ᮒᮜᮌ (talaga, “lake”), and Ternate talaga (“lake”).


hiso

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hisuq (“clean oneself by scrubbing”). Compare Ilocano iso, Tuwali Ifugao ihu, Bikol Central hiso, and Javanese ꦲꦶꦱꦸꦃ (isuh).


machang

[ˈmaː.t͡ʃɐŋ]


usap

Early borrowing from Malay ucap (“to utter”).


sikang

crosspiece or horizontal prop placed between two posts, walls, etc. in a house framework (to prevent them from leaning towards each other)

crosspiece or wedge put crosswise into an opening to prevent it from collapsing or closing

forcible opening of someone's mouth and putting of a wedge between the jaws to prevent it from closing

wedge placed between the jaws to prevent it from closing

keeping of one's eye open to prevent sleep

(figurative) suppressing of one's passion


gumps

From clipping of English Forrest Gump + -s, title character in the 1994 film adaptation played by Tom Hanks. “Tom Hanks” can be rewritten as “T. Hanks”, similarly spelled with English thanks.


gurami

Compare Javanese ꦒꦸꦫꦩꦶ (gurami) and Malay gurami.

snakeskin gourami (Trichopodus pectoralis)


balikbayan

tl-noun

balikbayan (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜊᜌᜈ᜔)

expatriate that returns to their native country (especially Filipinos)


tikas

physical bearing; carriage; way or manner of carrying oneself

achira; Indian shot; canna (Canna indica)


sintones

ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


Almeria

[ʔɐl.mɛˈɾiː.ɐ]

From Spanish Almería, from Arabic المرية (al-Mariyya), from مَرَايَا (marāyā, “mirrors”).

A municipality of Biliran, Eastern Visayas, Philippines


alila

[ʔɐˈliː.lɐʔ]


direktora

[d̪ɪ.ɾɛkˈt̪oː.ɾɐ]

female equivalent of direktor: female director

female equivalent of direktor: female manager


ibili

tl-verb

ibilí (complete ibinili, progressive ibinibili, contemplative ibibili, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜊᜒᜎᜒ)

ibilí (canonical)
ibinili (completive)
ibinibili (progressive)
ibibili (contemplative)
ᜁᜊᜒᜎᜒ (Baybayin)
bili (root)
ibili (infinitive)
ibinili (completive root)
ibinibili (progressive root)
inabili (dialectal progressive root)
ibibili (benefactive contemplative)
abili (benefactive contemplative dialectal)
ibili (benefactive imperative)
bilhan (benefactive dialectal imperative)

tl-infl-i

ibili

ibili


mam-

mam- + babae (“woman”) → mambabae (“to womanize”)

mam- + batas (“law”) → mambabatas (“lawmaker”)

mam- + bahagi (“portion”) → mamahagi (“to apportion”)

mam- + pahayag (“statement”) → mamamahayag (“reporter”)

Alternative form of mang-, if the root starts with bilabial consonants, such as ⟨b⟩ or ⟨p⟩, which gets nasally assimilated to the prefix ending when starts with voiceless bilabial consonant, ⟨p⟩ and sometimes ⟨b⟩.


Waray

Borrowed from Waray-Waray waray (“not”), originally a derogatory term often heard by non-Waray-Waray speakers.

Waray-Waray (speaker of the Waray language)


telebasura

Blend of telebisyon + basura, possibly independently coined or derived from Spanish telebasura.


antem

Borrowed from English anthem, from Middle English anteme, from Old English antefn, antefen and Old French antiene, anteine, anteivne, from Latin antiphōna, from Ancient Greek ἀντίφωνα (antíphōna). Doublet of antipona.


taog

[ˈt̪aː.ʔoɡ̚]


taog

[ˈt̪aː.ʔoɡ̚]


sigi

sigî (canonical)
sigí (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜄᜒ (Baybayin)


yukos

wrinkled; crushed; creased (of clothes, paper, etc.)


yukos

act of crushing something into creases or wrinkles

creases; wrinkles (of clothes, paper, etc.)


yukos

bent (as of a branch or a tree laden with fruit)


yuko

From Proto-Philippine *yukúq (“to stoop, bend down”). Compare Masbatenyo yuko. Doublet of yukos.


yuko

act of bending the body or lowering the head forward (as in when passing a low clearance)


impormasyon

tl-noun

impormasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜇ᜔ᜋᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

impormasyón (canonical)
ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜇ᜔ᜋᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish información, from Latin īnfōrmātiōnem (“formation, conception; education”), with sound shift from /n/ to /m/ preceding labial consonants.


Amon

a surname, most notably borne by:
Morissette Amon, Filipina singer


yupi

dented; dinted; folded (of a metal sheet, tin, or can)


yupi

dent; dint; hollow made by a blow or pressure


antipolo

From Proto-Philippine *qatipulu (“breadfruit: Artocarpus spp.”). Doublet of atipuo.

inh

Artocarpus blancoi (a species of tree endemic to the Philippines)


igapos

tl-verb

igapos (complete iginapos, progressive iginagapos, contemplative igagapos, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜄᜉᜓᜐ᜔)

iginapos (completive)
iginagapos (progressive)
igagapos (contemplative)
ᜁᜄᜉᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
gapos (root)
igapos (infinitive)
iginapos (completive root)
iginagapos (progressive root)
inagapos (dialectal progressive root)
igagapos (contemplative objective)
agapos (contemplative dialectal objective)
igapos (imperative objective)
gapusan (dialectal imperative objective)

tl-infl-i

igapos

igapos

Ako'y iginapos at pagahasang dinakip, saka iniharap sa kung kanikaninong hukom. Pinipilit nilang sabihin ko kung saan naroon ang aking anak, gayong hindi ko naman alam kung saan nagtago; at nang isa man sa kanilang inuusisa'y hindi ...

1916, Gerardo Chanco Reyes, Dahil sa pag-ibig: halaw sa "La hija del cardenal":

Sagot Hinding hindi ko sila malilimutan dahil 'sila ang gumawa sa amin masama, sila tumutok, sa amin ng mga baril at kami ay kanilang iginapos at pinagnakawan.

to tie the hands and feet together (of a person or animal)

to tie (a person or thing) to a post, tree, etc.

to use for tying the hands and feet (of a person or animal)


bisto

obvious; evident; clear (especially while trying to hide something)


langgam

From Proto-Philippine *lamʀam (“vermin”). Compare Ilocano langgam (“bird”), Hanunoo langgam (“millipede”), Calamian Tagbanwa lamlam (“bird”), Bikol Central gamgam (“bird”), Aklanon eanggam (“rat”), Cebuano langgam (“bird”), Western Bukidnon Manobo langgam (“any non-human creature”), and Binukid langgam (“wild beast”).


abstrakto

tl-adj

abstrakto (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜃ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜃ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish abstracto, from Latin abstractus. The noun sense is a semantic loan from English abstract. Doublet of abstrak.

abstract (considered apart from any application to a particular object)

(art) abstract (free from representational qualities)


abstrakto

ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜃ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)


putik

From Proto-Philippine *putik (“mud”). Compare Maranao potik and Malagasy fotaka. See also Ilocano pitak, Tausug pisak, and Malay becak.


putik

Ellipsis of putik na, which is a minced oath of putang ina. Also rhymes with lintik.

Putik naman, oh. Naalala ko na naman siya tuloy. Napansin niya siguro kung paano ako tumingin sa kanya kapag magkasama kami. "Well, oo." Pag-amin ko sa kanya. "Nice naman!" Grabe naman makatapik 'to sa akin. "So, ano...kailan mo ...

2015, Mikki Eugenio, Elesi, Senpai Books, page 31:


panalo

From pan- + talo, literally “defeater; victor”.

prefix

Ako ang panalo!

Lagi na lang sila ang panalo.


Inglatera

[ʔɪŋ.ɡlɐˈt̪ɛː.ɾɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish Inglaterra, calque of English England, from Middle English Engelond, from Old English Engla land (literally “land of the Angles”).

der

Ang mga bansang naunang lumagda sa kasunduang ito ay ang Estados Unidos, Kanada, Inglatera, Pransiya, Olanda, Belhika, Norwega, Luksemburgo, Italya, Dinamarka, Islandiya at Portugal.

1949, Sa kapakanaan ng kapayapaan at kaunlarang pandaigdig:

The countries that previously signed this agreement are the United States, Canada, England, France, Holland, Belgium, Norway, Luxembourg, Italy, Denmark, Iceland and Portugal.


humiga

tl-verb

humigâ (complete humiga, progressive humihiga, contemplative hihiga, Baybayin spelling ᜑᜓᜋᜒᜄ)

humigâ (canonical)
humiga (completive)
humihiga (progressive)
hihiga (contemplative)
ᜑᜓᜋᜒᜄ (Baybayin)
higa (root)
humiga (infinitive root trigger-actor)
humiga (completive root trigger-actor)
humihiga (progressive trigger-actor)
nahiga (dialectal progressive trigger-actor)
hihiga (contemplative trigger-actor)
mahiga (contemplative dialectal trigger-actor)
kahihiga (completive formal past past-recent trigger-actor)
kakahiga (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
higaan (directional infinitive root)
hinigaan (completive directional root)
hinihigaan (directional progressive)
inahigaan (dialectal directional progressive)
hihigaan (contemplative directional)
ahigaan (contemplative dialectal directional)
paghigaan (infinitive root trigger-locative)
pinaghigaan (completive root trigger-locative)
pinapaghigaan (progressive trigger-locative)
pinaghihigaan (progressive trigger-locative)
papaghigaan (contemplative trigger-locative)
paghihigaan (contemplative trigger-locative)
ihiga (benefactive infinitive root)
inihiga (benefactive completive root)
inihihiga (benefactive progressive)
ihihiga (benefactive contemplative)
ipanghiga (infinitive root trigger-instrument)
ipinanghiga (completive root trigger-instrument)
ipinapanghiga (progressive trigger-instrument)
ipapanghiga (contemplative trigger-instrument)
ikahiga (infinitive root trigger-causative)
ikinahiga (completive root trigger-causative)
ikinahihiga (formal progressive trigger-causative)
ikinakahiga (progressive trigger-causative)
ikahihiga (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
ikakahiga (contemplative trigger-causative)
ihiga (emphatic infinitive rare root trigger-causative)
inihiga (completive emphatic rare root trigger-causative)
inihihiga (emphatic progressive rare trigger-causative)
ihihiga (contemplative emphatic rare trigger-causative)
ihiga (infinitive root trigger-measurement)
inihiga (completive root trigger-measurement)
inihihiga (progressive trigger-measurement)
ihihiga (contemplative trigger-measurement)
magpahiga (infinitive trigger-actor)
nagpahiga (completive trigger-actor)
nagpapahiga (progressive trigger-actor)
magpapahiga (contemplative trigger-actor)
kapahihiga (completive formal past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapapahiga (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapagpapahiga (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kakapahiga (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
pahigain (actor-secondary infinitive)
pinahiga (actor-secondary completive)
pinahihiga (actor-secondary progressive)
pinapahiga (actor-secondary progressive)
pahihigain (actor-secondary contemplative)
papahigain (actor-secondary contemplative)
pahigaan (directional infinitive)
pinahigaan (completive directional)
pinapahigaan (directional progressive)
pinahihigaan (directional progressive)
papahigaan (contemplative directional)
pahihigaan (contemplative directional)
ipagpahiga (benefactive infinitive)
ipinagpahiga (benefactive completive)
ipinagpapahiga (benefactive formal progressive)
ipinapagpahiga (benefactive progressive)
ipagpapahiga (benefactive contemplative formal)
ipapagpahiga (benefactive contemplative)
ikapagpahiga (infinitive trigger-causative)
ikinapagpahiga (completive trigger-causative)
ikinapagpapahiga (formal progressive trigger-causative)
ikinakapagpahiga (progressive trigger-causative)
ikapagpapahiga (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
ikakapagpahiga (contemplative trigger-causative)
pagpahigaan (infinitive trigger-locative)
pinagpahigaan (completive trigger-locative)
pinagpapahihigaan (formal progressive trigger-locative)
pinapagpahigaan (progressive trigger-locative)
pagpapahihigaan (contemplative formal trigger-locative)
papagpahigaan (contemplative trigger-locative)
papaghigaan (infinitive trigger-locative)
pinapaghigaan (completive trigger-locative)
pinapapaghigaan (progressive trigger-locative)
papapaghigaan (contemplative trigger-locative)
makahiga (infinitive trigger-actor)
nakahiga (completive trigger-actor)
nakahihiga (formal progressive trigger-actor)
nakakahiga (progressive trigger-actor)
makahihiga (contemplative formal trigger-actor)
makakahiga (contemplative trigger-actor)
mapahiga (infinitive trigger-actor)
napahiga (completive trigger-actor)
napahihiga (formal progressive trigger-actor)
napapahiga (progressive trigger-actor)
mapahihiga (contemplative formal trigger-actor)
mapapahiga (contemplative trigger-actor)
mahigaan (directional infinitive)
nahigaan (completive directional)
nahihigaan (directional progressive)
mahihigaan (contemplative directional)
maihiga (benefactive infinitive)
naihiga (benefactive completive)
naihihiga (benefactive progressive)
maihihiga (benefactive contemplative)
maikahiga (infinitive trigger-causative)
naikahiga (completive trigger-causative)
naikahihiga (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naikakahiga (progressive trigger-causative)
naiikahiga (progressive trigger-causative)
naikahihiga (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
naikakahiga (contemplative trigger-causative)
naiikahiga (contemplative trigger-causative)
maihiga (infinitive trigger-causative)
naihiga (completive trigger-causative)
naihihiga (progressive trigger-causative)
maihihiga (contemplative trigger-causative)
mapaghigaan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napaghigaan (completive trigger-locative)
napaghihigaan (formal progressive trigger-locative)
napapaghigaan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapaghihigaan (contemplative formal trigger-locative)
mapapaghigaan (contemplative trigger-locative)
makapagpahiga (infinitive trigger-actor)
nakapagpahiga (completive trigger-actor)
nakapagpapahiga (formal progressive trigger-actor)
nakakapagpahiga (progressive trigger-actor)
makapagpapahiga (contemplative formal trigger-actor)
makakapagpahiga (contemplative trigger-actor)
mapahiga (actor-secondary infinitive)
napahiga (actor-secondary completive)
napahihiga (actor-secondary formal progressive)
napapahiga (actor-secondary progressive)
mapahihiga (actor-secondary contemplative formal)
mapapahiga (actor-secondary contemplative)
mapahigaan (directional infinitive)
napahigaan (completive directional)
napahihigaan (directional formal progressive)
napapahigaan (directional progressive)
mapahihigaan (contemplative directional formal)
mapapahigaan (contemplative directional)
maipagpahiga (benefactive infinitive)
naipagpahiga (benefactive completive)
naipagpapahiga (benefactive formal progressive)
naipapagpahiga (benefactive progressive)
naiipagpahiga (benefactive progressive)
maipagpapahiga (benefactive contemplative formal)
maipapagpahiga (benefactive contemplative)
maiipagpahiga (benefactive contemplative)
maikapagpahiga (infinitive trigger-causative)
naikapagpahiga (completive trigger-causative)
naikapagpapahiga (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naikakapagpahiga (progressive trigger-causative)
naiikapagpahiga (progressive trigger-causative)
maikapagpapahiga (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
maikakapagpahiga (contemplative trigger-causative)
maiikapagpahiga (contemplative trigger-causative)
mapagpahigaan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napagpahigaan (completive trigger-locative)
napagpapahihigaan (formal progressive trigger-locative)
napapagpahigaan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapagpapahihigaan (contemplative formal trigger-locative)
mapapagpahigaan (contemplative trigger-locative)
mapapaghigaan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napapaghigaan (completive trigger-locative)
napapapaghigaan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapapapaghigaan (contemplative trigger-locative)
makihiga (direct infinitive)
nakihiga (completive direct)
nakikihiga (direct progressive)
makikihiga (contemplative direct)
makipagpahiga (indirect infinitive)
nakipagpahiga (completive indirect)
nakikipagpahiga (indirect progressive)
makikipagpahiga (contemplative indirect)

to go to bed; to put oneself in one's bed


translacion

tl-noun

translación (Baybayin spelling ᜆ᜔ᜇᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

translación (canonical)
ᜆ᜔ᜇᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English translation, influenced by Spanish traslación, with Hispanized spelling.


pulutan

hors d'oeuvre; appetizer; savories; tidbits with cocktails, etc.


pasalubong

From pa- + salubong.
* (noun): Literally, “something for the time of meeting or encounter (such as a welcome)”.
* (adjective): Literally, “on such a way where two converges”.

lit

Kasunod niyan ay nabanggit ni PBBM na bumisita ang mga anak ni Kris upang magpasalamat at magbigay ng pasalubong.

2024 July 11, Pauline de Rosario, “PBBM binuking relasyon nina Josh, Bimby kay FL Liza: She's their aunt!”, in Bandera:

Following that is a mention by PBBM that the children of Kris visited in order to thank and to give a gift.

gift brought by a traveller returning from a trip; souvenir


pasalubong

pasalubóng (canonical)
ᜉᜐᜎᜓᜊᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)

coming, moving, or travelling from opposite directions towards each other


mihis

tl-verb

mihis (complete nihis, progressive ninihis, contemplative bibihis, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜒᜑᜒᜐ᜔)

nihis (completive)
ninihis (progressive)
bibihis (contemplative)
ᜋᜒᜑᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


Dra.

tl-noun

Dra. (masculine Dr., Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ)

(medicine, sciences) abbreviation of Doktora: Dr. (as a female title)


asebo

Borrowed from Spanish acebo, from Old Spanish azevo, from Vulgar Latin *acifolium or *acifulum, ultimately from Latin aquifolium.


labandero

labandero (feminine labandera, Baybayin spelling ᜎᜊᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜓ)

labandera (feminine)
ᜎᜊᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish lavandero (“laundryman”).


labandera

[lɐ.bɐn̪ˈd̪ɛː.ɾɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish lavandera (“laundrywoman”).

female equivalent of labandero: laundrywoman; washerwoman


labaha

Borrowed from Spanish navaja (“razor; penknife”) with sound shift from /n/ to /l/. Doublet of labasa and nabasa.


dehado

Borrowed from Spanish dejado (“left behind”).

having the least number of bettors (such as horse racing, cockfighting, etc.)


dehado

underdog (especially in a fighting game with bets, such as horse racing, cockfighting, etc.)


banderitas

tl-noun

banderitas (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜆᜐ᜔)

ᜊᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜆᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish banderitas (“flaglets”), plural form of banderita. Doublet of bandereta.

bor+

party flags (hung up during festivals or parties)


banderita

[bɐn̪.d̪ɛˈɾiː.t̪ɐ]


kastor

Borrowed from Spanish castor, from Latin castor (“beaver”), from Ancient Greek κάστωρ (kástōr), from Doric Greek κάστον (káston, “wood”). Doublet of kastuli.


komite

Borrowed from Spanish comité, from French comité, from English committee.


pilak

Borrowed from Malay pirak, obsolete form of perak, from Proto-Malayic *pirak, possibly of Khmeric origin.


mulpikan

Syncopic form of mulapikan, from mulapik + -an.


sugnayanin

tl-adj

sugnayanin (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜌᜈᜒᜈ᜔)

ᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜌᜈᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


buhagsigwasan

tl-noun

buhagsigwasan (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜑᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜄ᜔ᜏᜐᜈ᜔)

ᜊᜓᜑᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜄ᜔ᜏᜐᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


dagisikan

dagisikán (canonical)
ᜇᜄᜒᜐᜒᜃᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


higlikas

higlikás (canonical)
ᜑᜒᜄ᜔ᜎᜒᜃᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


sugaan

[sʊˈɣaː.ʔɐn̪]


sigmuan

[sɪɡˈmuː.ʔɐn̪]


danumsigwasan

danumsigwasan (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜈᜓᜋ᜔ᜐᜒᜄ᜔ᜏᜐᜈ᜔)

ᜇᜈᜓᜋ᜔ᜐᜒᜄ᜔ᜏᜐᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


buhagsigan

buhagsigan (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜑᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔)

ᜊᜓᜑᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


hanginsigan

hanginsigan (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜅᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔)

ᜑᜅᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[hɐ.ŋɪn̪ˈsiː.ɣɐn̪]


buhagtigilan

buhagtigilan (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜑᜄ᜔ᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔)

ᜊᜓᜑᜄ᜔ᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


hangintigilan

hangintígílan (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜅᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔)

hangintígílan (canonical)
ᜑᜅᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[hɐ.ŋɪn̪ˌt̪iːˈɣiː.lɐn̪]


dagitsigan

dagitsigan (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔)

ᜇᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɐ.ɣɪt̪ˈsiː.ɣɐn̪]


sugnayan

Blend of kusog + hanayan, from Cebuano kusog.


danumtigilan

danumtígilán (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜈᜓᜋ᜔ᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔)

danumtígilán (canonical)
ᜇᜈᜓᜋ᜔ᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


agbarog

[ʔɐɡˈbaː.ɾoɡ̚]

Blend of agham + barog, from Cebuano barog.


sugnayanon

sugnayanon (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜌᜈᜓᜈ᜔)

ᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜌᜈᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


himbabahay

himbabahay (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒᜋ᜔ᜊᜊᜑᜌ᜔)

From him- + bahay, from an initial reduplication of bahay.


agbarugan

[ʔɐɡ.bɐˈɾuː.ɣɐn̪]


aghimuin

ᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜒᜋᜓᜁᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐɡ.hɪˈmuː.ʔɪn̪]


aghimo

Blend of agham (“science”) + Cebuano himo (“to make; to construct”).


diigkasin

tl-adj

diigkasin (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜁᜄ᜔ᜃᜐᜒᜈ᜔)

ᜇᜒᜁᜄ᜔ᜃᜐᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɪ.ʔɪɡˈkaː.sɪn̪]


labawsugnayan

tl-noun

labawsugnayan (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜊᜏ᜔ᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜌᜈ᜔)

ᜎᜊᜏ᜔ᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From labaw- (meta-) + sugnayan, from Cebuano labaw (“beyond”).


pagkaigkasin

pagkaigkasin (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜁᜄ᜔ᜃᜐᜒᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜁᜄ᜔ᜃᜐᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


danum-isigan

danum-ísígan (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜈᜓᜋ᜔ᜁᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔)

danum-ísígan (canonical)
ᜇᜈᜓᜋ᜔ᜁᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɐ.n̪ʊmˌʔiːˈsiː.ɣɐn̪]


igkasin

[ʔɪɡˈkaː.sɪn̪]


dagitban

dagitbán (canonical)
ᜇᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜊᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Syncopic form of dagitaban, from dagitab + -an.

electricity (field of physical science and technology)


aghimuan

ᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜒᜋᜓᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐɡ.hɪˈmuː.ʔɐn̪]


mansusugnay

mansusugnay (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜌ᜔)

ᜋᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

From man- + sugnay, with partial reduplication, with the root (not to be confused with sugnay (“clause”)) being a blend of Cebuano kusog + hanay.

(neologism) physics worker; assistant physicist


mang-aaghimuan

mang-aaghimuan (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜅ᜔ᜀᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜒᜋᜓᜀᜈ᜔)

ᜋᜅ᜔ᜀᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜒᜋᜓᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[mɐŋ.ʔɐ.ʔɐɡ.hɪˈmuː.ʔɐn̪]


hatinig

[hɐˈt̪iː.n̪ɪɡ̚]


dutaan

[d̪ʊˈt̪aː.ʔɐn̪]


daktinig

[d̪ɐkˈt̪iː.n̪ɪɡ̚]


higliknayan

higliknayan (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒᜄ᜔ᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜈᜌᜈ᜔)

ᜑᜒᜄ᜔ᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜈᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


matwiran

From matwid (“reason”) + -an, from tuwid.


tunugan

tl-verb

tunugán (complete tinunugan, progressive tinutunugan, contemplative tutunugan, Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜈᜓᜄᜈ᜔)

tunugán (canonical)
tinunugan (completive)
tinutunugan (progressive)
tutunugan (contemplative)
ᜆᜓᜈᜓᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
tunog (root)
tunugan (infinitive)
tinunugan (completive root)
tinutunugan (progressive root)
inatunugan (dialectal progressive root)
tutunugan (contemplative objective)
atunugan (contemplative dialectal objective)
tunugi (dialectal imperative objective)

tunugan

[t̪ʊ.n̪ʊˈɣan̪]

[ˌt̪uːˈn̪uː.ɣɐn̪]


tunugan

[t̪ʊ.n̪ʊˈɣan̪]

[ˌt̪uːˈn̪uː.ɣɐn̪]


isigan

isigan (complete inisigan, progressive iniisigan, contemplative iisigan, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔)

inisigan (completive)
iniisigan (progressive)
iisigan (contemplative)
ᜁᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
sig (root)
isigan (infinitive)
inisigan (completive root)
iniisigan (progressive root)
inaisigan (dialectal progressive root)
iisigan (contemplative objective)
aisigan (contemplative dialectal objective)
isigi (dialectal imperative objective)

isigan

[ʔɪˈsiː.ɣɐn̪]

[ˌʔiːˈsiː.ɣɐn̪]

to influence or make someone obey through force of willpower


isigan

[ʔɪˈsiː.ɣɐn̪]

[ˌʔiːˈsiː.ɣɐn̪]


buhag

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puhaʀ (“smoke out bees”). Doublet of puhag.


salipawpaw

tl-noun

salipawpáw (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎᜒᜉᜏ᜔ᜉᜏ᜔)

salipawpáw (canonical)
ᜐᜎᜒᜉᜏ᜔ᜉᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)

Either a portmanteau of the Tagalog "sasakyang lumilipad sa papawirin" or "sasakyang lumilipad sa himpapawid", or perhaps a blend of salipadpad + lipaw. Allegedly coined by Lope K. Santos, it has since become a controversial example of alleged excessive linguistic purism of the now defunct Surian ng Wikang Pambansa, together with the word salumpuwit.
Compare Northern Kankanay men-alipawpaw (“to hover”).

cog

—A, huwag mong paniwalaan iyan! — aniko na lamang pagka't naramdaman kong nagipit ako. — Iyan ay salipawpaw lamang ng mapangaraping diwa ng mga makata upang lagyan ng tingkad ang kulay ng mga kasaysayan!

1947, Juan Rivera Lazaro, Kung umibig ang artista:

Oh, don't believe that! — I just said because I felt I was stuck. — That is only a plane of the dreamlike spirit of the poets to add brightness to the color of history!

...impormasyon kay General lalo'y kasama ngayon si Presidente sa Numero Uno, at sa presidential plane man. Salipawpaw Bilang Isa. Hindi na sasabihan ni Juan Andres kay Jake ang dapat gawin.

1998, Buenaventura S. Medina, Huling Himagsik:

...information to the General especially now the President is included in Number One, and in the presidential plane too. Airplane Number One. Juan Andres will no longer tell Jake what to do.

Commission on the Filipino Language
Lope K. Santos
Tagalog language


tunog

From Proto-Philippine *tunuʀ (“sound, voice”), possibly from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tənəʀ (“sound, voice”). Compare tinig.

inh

Malakas ang tunog ng kanyang tinig.

sonority; resonance; clear and strong sound


palamuhayan

tl-noun

palamuhayan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜋᜓᜑᜌᜈ᜔)


pabuya

reward in return for someone's kindness as a form of gratitude


hibi

Borrowed from Hokkien 蝦米／虾米 (hê-bí, “dried shrimp”).


hibi

pouting; pursing of one's lips (as of someone about to cry)


dagitigilan

tl-noun

dagitigilan (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜄᜒᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔)

ᜇᜄᜒᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɐ.ɣɪ.t̪ɪˈɣiː.lɐn̪]


palamakatauhan

palamakatauhan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜋᜃᜆᜂᜑᜈ᜔)


sakupbayan

sakupbayan (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜃᜓᜉ᜔ᜊᜌᜈ᜔)


mapagkawanggawa

tl-adj

mapagkáwanggawâ (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜏᜅ᜔ᜄᜏ)

mapagkáwanggawâ (canonical)
ᜋᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜏᜅ᜔ᜄᜏ (Baybayin)


libuntaon

tl-noun

líbuntaón (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜂᜈ᜔)

líbuntaón (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜂᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Ito ang pinagmulan ng katakot-takot na ilusyong optikal na matagal nang naging kaugalian sa atin, na kung papaano ang materyang pangkasaysayan ng mga libuntaon na may kalayuan, tulad halimbawa ng Matandang Ehipto at Tsina, ay...

1975, Kolehiyo ng Sining at Agham, Unibersidad ng Pilipinas, Ang Kasaysayan: Diwa at Lawak:


bagunsakupin

tl-adj

bagunsakupin (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜄᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜃᜓᜉᜒᜈ᜔)

ᜊᜄᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜃᜓᜉᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


kamihasnan

tl-noun

kámihasnán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜋᜒᜑᜐ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔)

kámihasnán (canonical)
ᜃᜋᜒᜑᜐ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Syncopic form of kamihasanan, from mihasa + ka- -nan.


agimatan

[ʔɐ.ɣɪˈmaː.t̪ɐn̪]


pagkamakabagunsakupin

pagkamakabagunsakupin (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜋᜃᜊᜄᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜃᜓᜉᜒᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜋᜃᜊᜄᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜃᜓᜉᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


pagkamakagahum

pagkamakagahum (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜋᜃᜄᜑᜓᜋ᜔)

ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜋᜃᜄᜑᜓᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

From pagka- + maka- + gahum (“hegemony; emperor”), literally “being towards hegemony”, with the root from Cebuano gahom (“power; authority”).


lumboy

Syzygium cumini
Syzygium cumini#Translingual


alusitha

alusithâ (canonical)
ᜀᜎᜓᜐᜒᜆ᜔ᜑ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Sanskrit आलोचित (ālocita, “considered; reflected upon”). Compare Old Javanese ālocita (“consideration, reflexion”).


pandakong paningob

tl-noun

pandakóng paningob (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜈ᜔ᜇᜃᜓᜅ᜔ ᜉᜈᜒᜅᜓᜊ᜔)

pandakóng paningob (canonical)
ᜉᜈ᜔ᜇᜃᜓᜅ᜔ ᜉᜈᜒᜅᜓᜊ᜔ (Baybayin)

From pandako (“magnifier”) + paningob (“lens”). The first element comes from Cebuano dako (“big; large”), while the second element comes from Cebuano tingob (“concentrate; condense”).


balisungsong

tl-noun

balisungsóng (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜎᜒᜐᜓᜅ᜔ᜐᜓᜅ᜔)

balisungsóng (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜒᜐᜓᜅ᜔ᜐᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)

funnel-shaped container made of leaf or paper


katuruan

katuruán (canonical)
ᜃᜆᜓᜇᜓᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[kɐ.t̪ʊ.ɾʊˈʔan̪]

[kɐ.t̪ʊˈɾuː.ʔɐn̪]

moral lesson learned (from one's elders)

either of the two persons pointing at each other


katuruan

[kɐ.t̪ʊ.ɾʊˈʔan̪]

[kɐ.t̪ʊˈɾuː.ʔɐn̪]


agamahan

[ʔɐ.ɣɐˈmaː.hɐn̪]

From Maranao agama + -han, from Sanskrit आगम (āgama). Compare agham.


lagumlalangin

tl-adj

lagumlalangin (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅᜒᜈ᜔)

ᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


lagumlalangin

tl-verb

lagumlalangín (complete nilagumlalang, progressive nilalagumlalang, contemplative lalagumlalangin, Baybayin spelling ᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅᜒᜈ᜔)

lagumlalangín (canonical)
nilagumlalang (completive)
nilalagumlalang (progressive)
lalagumlalangin (contemplative)
ᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
-in (affix)
ᜒᜈ᜔ (affix)
lagumlalang (root)
ᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅ᜔ (root)
lalagumlalangin (infinitive)
ᜎᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅᜒᜈ᜔ (infinitive)
nilagumlalang (completive root)
ᜈᜒᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅ᜔ (completive root)
nilalagumlalang (progressive root)
ᜈᜒᜎᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅ᜔ (progressive root)
inalagumlalang (dialectal progressive root)
ᜁᜈᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅ᜔ (progressive root)
lalalagumlalangin (contemplative objective)
ᜎᜎᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅᜒᜈ᜔ (contemplative objective)
alalagumlalangin (contemplative dialectal objective)
ᜀᜎᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅᜒᜈ᜔ (contemplative objective)
lalagumlalangin (imperative objective)
ᜎᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅᜒᜈ᜔ (imperative objective)
lagumlalang (dialectal imperative objective)
ᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅ᜔ (imperative objective)
lalagumlalanga (dialectal imperative objective)
ᜎᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅ (imperative objective)

lagumlalangin

nilalagumlalang
ᜈᜒᜎᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅ᜔
inalagumlalang¹
ᜁᜈᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅ᜔

lalalagumlalangin
ᜎᜎᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅᜒᜈ᜔
alalagumlalangin¹
 ᜀᜎᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅᜒᜈ᜔

lalagumlalangin
 ᜎᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅᜒᜈ᜔
lagumlalang¹
ᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅ᜔
lalagumlalanga¹
ᜎᜎᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜎᜎᜅ


bintag

[bɪn̪ˈt̪aɡ̚]

derrick (device used for lifting large objects)


initan

initan (complete ininitan, progressive iniinitan, contemplative iinitan, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈᜒᜆᜈ᜔)

ininitan (completive)
iniinitan (progressive)
iinitan (contemplative)
ᜁᜈᜒᜆᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
init (root)
mag-init (infinitive root trigger-actor)
nag-init (completive root trigger-actor)
nag-iinit (progressive trigger-actor)
nagainit (dialectal progressive trigger-actor)
mag-iinit (contemplative trigger-actor)
magainit (contemplative dialectal trigger-actor)
gainit (contemplative dialectal trigger-actor)
kaiinit (completive formal past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapag-iinit (completive formal past past-recent trigger-actor)
kakainit (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kakapag-init (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapapag-init (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
initan (infinitive root trigger-object)
ininitan (completive root trigger-object)
iniinitan (progressive trigger-object)
inainitan (dialectal progressive trigger-object)
iinitan (contemplative trigger-object)
ainitan (contemplative dialectal trigger-object)
pag-initan (infinitive root trigger-locative)
pinag-initan (completive root trigger-locative)
pinapag-initan (progressive trigger-locative)
pinag-iinitan (progressive trigger-locative)
papag-initan (contemplative trigger-locative)
pag-iinitan (contemplative trigger-locative)
ipag-init (benefactive infinitive root)
ipinag-init (benefactive completive root)
ipinapag-init (benefactive progressive)
ipapag-init (benefactive contemplative)
ipang-init (infinitive root trigger-instrument)
ipinang-init (completive root trigger-instrument)
ipinapang-init (progressive trigger-instrument)
ipapang-init (contemplative trigger-instrument)
ikapag-init (infinitive root trigger-causative)
ikinapag-init (completive root trigger-causative)
ikinapag-iinit (formal progressive trigger-causative)
ikinakapag-init (progressive trigger-causative)
ikapag-iinit (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
ikakapag-init (contemplative trigger-causative)
pag-initan (infinitive root trigger-referential)
pinag-initan (completive root trigger-referential)
pinapag-initan (progressive trigger-referential)
pinag-iinitan (progressive trigger-referential)
papag-initan (contemplative trigger-referential)
pag-iinitan (contemplative trigger-referential)
magpainit (infinitive trigger-actor)
nagpainit (completive trigger-actor)
nagpapainit (progressive trigger-actor)
magpapainit (contemplative trigger-actor)
kapaiinit (completive formal past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapapainit (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapagpapainit (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kakapainit (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
papag-initin (actor-secondary infinitive)
pinapag-init (actor-secondary completive)
pinapapag-init (actor-secondary progressive)
papapag-initin (actor-secondary contemplative)
painitan (infinitive trigger-object)
pinainitan (completive trigger-object)
pinapainitan (progressive trigger-object)
pinaiinitan (progressive trigger-object)
papainitan (contemplative trigger-object)
paiinitan (contemplative trigger-object)
ipagpainit (benefactive infinitive)
ipinagpainit (benefactive completive)
ipinagpapainit (benefactive formal progressive)
ipinapagpainit (benefactive progressive)
ipagpapainit (benefactive contemplative formal)
ipapagpainit (benefactive contemplative)
ikapagpainit (infinitive trigger-causative)
ikinapagpainit (completive trigger-causative)
ikinapagpapainit (formal progressive trigger-causative)
ikinakapagpainit (progressive trigger-causative)
ikapagpapainit (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
ikakapagpainit (contemplative trigger-causative)
pagpainitan (infinitive trigger-locative)
pinagpainitan (completive trigger-locative)
pinagpapaiinitan (formal progressive trigger-locative)
pinapagpainitan (progressive trigger-locative)
pagpapaiinitan (contemplative formal trigger-locative)
papagpainitan (contemplative trigger-locative)
papag-initan (infinitive trigger-locative)
pinapag-initan (completive trigger-locative)
pinapapag-initan (progressive trigger-locative)
papapag-initan (contemplative trigger-locative)
papag-initan (infinitive trigger-referential)
pinapag-initan (completive trigger-referential)
pinapapag-initan (progressive trigger-referential)
papapag-initan (contemplative trigger-referential)
makapag-init (infinitive trigger-actor)
nakapag-init (completive trigger-actor)
nakapag-iinit (formal progressive trigger-actor)
nakakapag-init (progressive trigger-actor)
makapag-iinit (contemplative formal trigger-actor)
makakapag-init (contemplative trigger-actor)
mainitan (infinitive trigger-object)
nainitan (completive trigger-object)
naiinitan (progressive trigger-object)
maiinitan (contemplative trigger-object)
maipag-init (benefactive infinitive)
naipag-init (benefactive completive)
naipag-iinit (benefactive formal progressive)
naipapag-init (benefactive progressive)
naiipag-init (benefactive progressive)
maipag-iinit (benefactive contemplative formal)
maipapag-init (benefactive contemplative)
maiipag-init (benefactive contemplative)
maikapag-init (infinitive trigger-causative)
naikapag-init (completive trigger-causative)
naikapag-iinit (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naikapapag-init (progressive trigger-causative)
naiikapag-init (progressive trigger-causative)
maikapag-iinit (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
maikapapag-init (contemplative trigger-causative)
maiikapag-init (contemplative trigger-causative)
maipag-init (infinitive trigger-causative)
naipag-init (completive trigger-causative)
naipag-iinit (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naipapag-init (progressive trigger-causative)
naiipag-init (progressive trigger-causative)
maipag-iinit (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
maipapag-init (contemplative trigger-causative)
maiipag-init (contemplative trigger-causative)
mapag-initan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napag-initan (completive trigger-locative)
napag-iinitan (formal progressive trigger-locative)
napapag-initan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapag-iinitan (contemplative formal trigger-locative)
mapapag-initan (contemplative trigger-locative)
makapagpainit (infinitive trigger-actor)
nakapagpainit (completive trigger-actor)
nakapagpapainit (formal progressive trigger-actor)
nakakapagpainit (progressive trigger-actor)
makapagpapainit (contemplative formal trigger-actor)
makakapagpainit (contemplative trigger-actor)
mapapag-init (actor-secondary infinitive)
napapag-init (actor-secondary completive)
napapapag-init (actor-secondary progressive)
mapapapag-init (actor-secondary contemplative)
mapainitan (infinitive trigger-object)
napainitan (completive trigger-object)
napaiinitan (formal progressive trigger-object)
napapainitan (progressive trigger-object)
mapaiinitan (contemplative formal trigger-object)
mapapainitan (contemplative trigger-object)
maipagpainit (benefactive infinitive)
naipagpainit (benefactive completive)
naipagpapainit (benefactive formal progressive)
naipapagpainit (benefactive progressive)
naiipagpainit (benefactive progressive)
maipagpapainit (benefactive contemplative formal)
maipapagpainit (benefactive contemplative)
maiipagpainit (benefactive contemplative)
maikapagpainit (infinitive trigger-causative)
naikapagpainit (completive trigger-causative)
naikapagpapainit (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naikakapagpainit (progressive trigger-causative)
naiikapagpainit (progressive trigger-causative)
maikapagpapainit (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
maikakapagpainit (contemplative trigger-causative)
maiikapagpainit (contemplative trigger-causative)
mapagpainitan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napagpainitan (completive trigger-locative)
napagpapaiinitan (formal progressive trigger-locative)
napapagpainitan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapagpapaiinitan (contemplative formal trigger-locative)
mapapagpainitan (contemplative trigger-locative)
mapapag-initan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napapag-initan (completive trigger-locative)
napapapag-initan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapapapag-initan (contemplative trigger-locative)
mapapag-initan (infinitive trigger-referential)
napapag-initan (completive trigger-referential)
napapapag-initan (progressive trigger-referential)
mapapapag-initan (contemplative trigger-referential)
makipag-init (direct infinitive)
nakipag-init (completive direct)
nakikipag-init (direct progressive)
makikipag-init (contemplative direct)
makiinit (direct infinitive)
nakiinit (completive direct)
nakikiinit (direct progressive)
makikiinit (contemplative direct)
makipagpainit (indirect infinitive)
nakipagpainit (completive indirect)
nakikipagpainit (indirect progressive)
makikipagpainit (contemplative indirect)

[ʔɪˈn̪iː.t̪ɐn̪]

[ʔɪ.n̪ɪˈt̪an̪]

[ˌʔiːˈn̪iː.t̪ɐn̪]

to injure or burn by applying something hot


initan

[ʔɪˈn̪iː.t̪ɐn̪]

[ʔɪ.n̪ɪˈt̪an̪]

[ˌʔiːˈn̪iː.t̪ɐn̪]

heating vessel (for heating water, food, etc.)


initan

[ʔɪˈn̪iː.t̪ɐn̪]

[ʔɪ.n̪ɪˈt̪an̪]

[ˌʔiːˈn̪iː.t̪ɐn̪]


agham-wika

tl-noun

aghám-wikà (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜋ᜔ᜏᜒᜃ)

aghám-wikà (canonical)
ᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜋ᜔ᜏᜒᜃ (Baybayin)

From agham (“science”) + wika (“language”).

Iyan ang dahilan kung bakit mayroon tayong lingguwistika o aghamwika.

1971, Katipunan, Volume 1, Kagawaran ng Araling Pilipino, Ateneo de Manila, page 14:

That is the reason why we have linguistics.


idalum

Borrowed from Hiligaynon idalum (“underneath”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *i daləm (“below, beneath; inside”), from Proto-Austronesian *daləm (“in, inside; deep”). Doublet of ilalim.


galauran

[ɡɐ.lɐˈʔuː.ɾɐn̪]


lagkit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *la(ŋ)kət. Compare with Malay lengket and lekit.


karaniwang kababaang parirami

tl-noun

karaniwang kababaang parirami (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜇᜈᜒᜏᜅ᜔ ᜃᜊᜊᜀᜅ᜔ ᜉᜇᜒᜇᜋᜒ)

ᜃᜇᜈᜒᜏᜅ᜔ ᜃᜊᜊᜀᜅ᜔ ᜉᜇᜒᜇᜋᜒ (Baybayin)

[kɐ.ɾɐˌn̪iː.wɐŋ kɐ.bɐˌbaː.ʔɐm pɐ.ɾɪˈɾaː.mɪ]

Calque of English ordinary least squares.


lagmak

condition of being helplessly prostrate or bedridden


lagaylay

[lɐ.ɣaɪ̯ˈlaɪ̯]

hanging down; drooping (but still supporting itself by an upward bend up to the middle, as of palm leaves)


lagaylay

[lɐ.ɣaɪ̯ˈlaɪ̯]

condition of hanging down (as of the wings of a tired bird, or arms of a tired person)


tingiring tayahan

tl-noun

tíngíring táyáhan (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜅᜒᜇᜒᜅ᜔ ᜆᜌᜑᜈ᜔)

tíngíring táyáhan (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜅᜒᜇᜒᜅ᜔ ᜆᜌᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ˌt̪iːˌŋiː.ɾɪn̪ ˌt̪aːˈjaː.hɐn̪]

differential calculus
differential calculus

(mathematics, neologism) differential calculus


kalihim

From ka- + lihim (“secret”), with the “secretary” sense coined around the 1890s-1900s.


kabalintunaan

kabalintunaan (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜈᜀᜈ᜔)

ᜃᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜈᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


magalang

[mɐˈɣaː.lɐŋ]


malagkit

tl-adj

malagkít (plural malalagkit, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜄ᜔ᜃᜒᜆ᜔)

malagkít (canonical)
malalagkit (plural)
ᜋᜎᜄ᜔ᜃᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)


malagkit

malagkít (canonical)
ᜋᜎᜄ᜔ᜃᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)


longganisa

Borrowed from Spanish longaniza, from Vulgar Latin *lucanicĭa, from Latin lūcānica.

longaniza (Filipino sausage of Spanish origin)


lalagyan

Syncopic form of lalagayan, from an initial reduplication of lagayan, from lagay + -an. Can also be analyzed as an initial reduplication of lagyan.


utot

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutut (“flatulence; to fart”), from Proto-Austronesian *qətut (“fart; flatulence”). Cognate with Aklanon utot, Bikol Central atot, Asi utot, Cebuano utot, Maranao tot, Waray-Waray tot. Compare Malay kentut and Thai ตด (dtòt).

inh

Narinig ng lahat ang kanyang utot.


hudo

Borrowed from Spanish judo (“judo”), from Japanese 柔道(じゅうどう) (jūdō, “judo”). Doublet of diyudo.

ja-r

柔道(じゅうどう) (jūdō, “judo”)


lagda

From Proto-Central Philippine *lagdaʔ (“pattern; rule”). Compare Kapampangan lagda, Bikol Central lagda, Aklanon eagda, and Cebuano lagda.


lagnat

[lɐɡˈn̪at̪̚]

From Proto-Central Philippine *ra(g)nat (“fever”). Compare Kapampangan lagnat, Aklanon eagnat, Kinaray-a ragnat, Cebuano hilanat, and Waray-Waray hiranat.


sumalapaw

tl-verb

sumalapaw (complete sumalapaw, progressive sumasalapaw, contemplative sasalapaw, Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜋᜎᜉᜏ᜔)

sumalapaw (completive)
sumasalapaw (progressive)
sasalapaw (contemplative)
ᜐᜓᜋᜎᜉᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)
-um- (affix)
ᜓᜋ᜔ (affix)
salapaw (root)
ᜐᜎᜉᜏ᜔ (root)
actor (focus)
kasasalapaw (completive formal past past-recent)
ᜃᜐᜐᜎᜉᜏ᜔ (completive formal past past-recent)
sumalapaw (formal imperative)
ᜐᜓᜋᜎᜉᜏ᜔ (formal imperative)
salapaw (dialectal formal imperative)
ᜐᜎᜉᜏ᜔ (formal imperative)
kakasalapaw (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜃᜐᜎᜉᜏ᜔ (completive informal past past-recent)
sumalapaw (imperative informal)
ᜐᜓᜋᜎᜉᜏ᜔ (imperative informal)
salapaw (dialectal imperative informal)
ᜐᜎᜉᜏ᜔ (imperative informal)

tl-infl-table

sumalapaw

sumalapaw
 ᜐᜓᜋᜎᜉᜏ᜔
sungmalapaw¹
ᜐᜓᜅ᜔ᜋᜎᜉᜏ᜔

sumasalapaw
ᜐᜓᜋᜐᜎᜉᜏ᜔
sungmasalapaw¹
 ᜐᜓᜅ᜔ᜋᜐᜎᜉᜏ᜔
nasalapaw²
ᜈ ᜐᜎᜉᜏ᜔

¹Now archaic in Modern Tagalog.
²Dialectal use only.

to spread over (of vines on tall grasses or over a trellis)


sumalapaw

Synanceia horrida
Wikispecies:Synanceia horrida


lihim

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lihim. Compare Asi lihim, Bikol Central hilom, Cebuano hilom, and Central Melanau lim.


tablaw

open or exposed to the weather, especially to the rain or sun (of a place)


tabigi

[t̪ɐˈbiː.ɣɪʔ]

cannonball mangrove (Xylocarpus granatum)


lalanghutan

tl-noun

lalanghutan or lalanghután (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜎᜅ᜔ᜑᜓᜆᜈ᜔)

lalanghutan (canonical)
lalanghután (canonical)
ᜎᜎᜅ᜔ᜑᜓᜆᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Possibly from an obsolete Tagalog word langhot.


retratista

retratista (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜆ᜔ᜇᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜇᜒᜆ᜔ᜇᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)

[ɾɛt̪.ɾɐˈt̪is.t̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish retratista (“portrait painter”).


kamyon

Borrowed from Spanish camión, from French camion.


Barbosa

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Portuguese]


Sales

Borrowed from Spanish Sales, from Catalan Sales, from sales.

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Catalan]


Nazareno

[n̪ɐ.zɐˈɾɛː.n̪o]

[n̪ɐ.sɐˈɾɛː.n̪o]

Unadapted borrowing from Spanish nazareno, from Late Latin nazarēnus, from Ancient Greek Ναζαρηνός (Nazarēnós).


Nazareno

[n̪ɐ.zɐˈɾɛː.n̪o]

[n̪ɐ.sɐˈɾɛː.n̪o]


Nazareno

[n̪ɐ.zɐˈɾɛː.n̪o]

[n̪ɐ.sɐˈɾɛː.n̪o]


bampira

Borrowed from Spanish vampira (“vampire”).


karbin

Borrowed from English carbine, from French carabine. Doublet of karabina.

carbine, a rifle shorter in length and lighter in weight


lasuna

Ultimately from Sanskrit लशुन (laśuna, “garlic, onion”), since displaced by the Spanish borrowing sibuyas. Compare Ilocano lasona, Kapampangan lasuna, Cebuano lasuna, and Malay dasun.


Gonzaga

Toni Gonzaga, Filipina singer, TV host and actress

a surname from Spanish, most notably borne by:


Gonzaga

English: Gonzaga


dyet

Borrowed from English jet, from French jet (“spurt”, literally “a throw”), from Old French get, giet, from Vulgar Latin *iectus, jectus, from Latin iactus (“a throwing, a throw”). See also itsa.


kinse

Borrowed from Spanish quince, from Old Spanish quinze, from Latin quīndecim.

Labing-walo kami. Kinseng lalaki at tatlong babae.

1999, Gleanings: Lessons in Community-based Coastal Resources Management, page 22:

We are eighteen in total. Fifteen men and three women.


bola-bola

Reduplication of bola (“ball”). Literally, “ball-like”.


Santa Maria

tl-proper noun

Santa Maria (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔ᜆ ᜋᜇᜒᜌ)

Borrowed from Spanish Santa María (“Saint Mary”).

bor+

Several municipalities in the Philippines named after Mary:

A municipality of Davao del Sur, Philippines

A municipality of Ilocos Sur, Philippines

A municipality of Pangasinan, Philippines


Laguna

[lɐˈɣuː.n̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish laguna (“lake”), referring to the Laguna de Bay, a lake which borders the province.

Laguna (a province of Calabarzon, Luzon, Philippines; capital: Santa Cruz; largest city: Calamba)


kerida

tl-noun

kerida (masculine kerido, Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜇᜒᜇ)

[kɛˈɾiː.d̪ɐ]

(colloquial) mistress; paramour; concubine

(uncommon) dear; honey; darling (female)


wakwak

ripped or torn violently ; disemboweled (disclosing inner structures)


wakwak

act of tearing or ripping something wide open

condition of being ripped or torn violently


wakwak

wakwák or wakwak (Baybayin spelling ᜏᜃ᜔ᜏᜃ᜔)

wakwák (canonical)
wakwak (canonical)
ᜏᜃ᜔ᜏᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)

(mythology) wakwak (nocturnal, vampiric, bird-like creature in Philippine mythology bringing bad omens)


kabit

From Proto-Philippine *kabit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kabit, from Proto-Austronesian *kabit (“hook”). Doublet of kawit.

May tomboy na kasama ang kabit niyang Pinay, pulos lilimampuin ang hawak. May isang weyter na TNT na nguya nang nguya sa isang tabi at panay ang sagupsop ng orange juice. May playboy na ngising-demonyo, tipong sinusuwerte.

His Filipina mistress is joined by a lesbian, holding fifty-liter bottles. There is a waiter, an illegal, who keeps on chewing and sipping orange juice on the corner. There is also a playboy who smiles like the devil, one who is happy-go-lucky.

(colloquial, derogatory) mistress; paramour; concubine


anay

[ˈʔaː.n̪aɪ̯]

From Proto-Philippine *anay, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *anay, from Proto-Austronesian *aNay. Compare Malay anai-anai.


petsa

Borrowed from Spanish fecha, an ellipsis of fecha carta (“indication of when the letter was made”), from Latin facta. Doublet of echos.


malanasi

Borrowed from Kapampangan malanasi, according to the Vocabulario de la lengua tagala (1860). From mala- + nasi, literally “boiled rice-like”.

prefix

a species of banana that produces fruit with green seeds


filibusterismo

tl-noun

filibusterismo (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜎᜒᜊᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)

ᜉᜒᜎᜒᜊᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ (Baybayin)


improbabilidad

improbabilidád (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜊᜊᜒᜎᜒᜇᜇ᜔)

improbabilidád (canonical)
ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜊᜊᜒᜎᜒᜇᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


laab

laab (canonical)
laáb (canonical)
ᜎᜀᜊ᜔ (Baybayin)


kutson

Borrowed from Spanish colchón, with loss of /l/.


kuwitis

Borrowed from Spanish cohetes, plural of cohete (“rocket”), from Catalan coet, ultimately from Latin cauda (“tail”). Doublet of koda and kola.

Bukod sa limang banda ng musiko at tatlong orkestra na inarkila para maging maringal ang pista'y katakut-takot ding mga kuwitis at bomba ang pinapuputok.

year unknown, Noli Me Tangere Ni Jose Rizal 1999 Ed., Rex Bookstore, Inc., page 136

Una pa sa rito, ang mga iba't-ibang paraang ginamit ng mga Katipunan para hudyatan o senyasan ay ang pagpapataas o, pagpapalipad ng lobo, pagsisindi ng kuwitis.” at ang pagpatay . ng ilaw-elektrisidad sa , may Luneta, Maynila ...

1989, First National Conference on the Philippine-American War, 1899-1914, July 3-4, 1989:


gitna

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təŋaq with *gi- prefix (c.f. Cebuano gi-). Compare Ilocano tengnga (“middle”), Kapampangan pitna (“halve”), Bikol Central tanga (“between”), Cebuano tunga (“half, middle, center”), Waray-Waray butnga (“middle”), Tausug tunga' (“half”), and Malay tengah (“mid, amid”). See also Tausug gi'tung (“middle”).


sangkap

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *saŋkap (“well-equipped, having what one needs to do live or do a job”). Compare Bikol Central sangkap, Waray-Waray sangkap, Maranao sangkap, Tausug sakap, Malay lengkap, Javanese ꦗꦁꦏꦼꦥ꧀ (jangkep), Javanese ꦱꦁꦏꦼꦥ꧀ (sangkep), Old Javanese saṅgĕp. Possibly related to Sanskrit साङ्ग (sāṅga, “having members, complete”).


Fujisawa

Borrowed from Hepburn romaji of Japanese 藤沢 (Fujisawa).


kuting

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kutíŋ. Cognate of Bikol Central & Cebuano kuting, Indonesian and Malay kucing, and Tausug kuting/كوتىڭ.


baboy-baboy

tl-adj

babóy-babóy (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜊᜓᜌ᜔ᜊᜊᜓᜌ᜔)

babóy-babóy (canonical)
ᜊᜊᜓᜌ᜔ᜊᜊᜓᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

[bɐˌboɪ̯ bɐˈboɪ̯]

Reduplication of baboy (“pig”). Literally, “pig-like”.


Arabo

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English Arab. Compare Mandarin 阿拉伯 (Ālābó). See also Tagalog Turko or Cebuano turko.

pseudo-loan

(colloquial, loosely) Middle Eastern person (or resembling one)


Arabo

Arab (of or pertaining to Arabs and their nations)

(colloquial, loosely) with Middle Eastern features (of a person)


letse

Borrowed from Spanish leche (“milk; semen”), from Late Latin lactem, from Latin lac. The derogatory sense is related to the Spanish me cago en la leche.

bor+

(vulgar, derogatory) exclamation of displeasure, disgust, or anger: shit!; damn!


letse

Ano ba itong lecheng pag-ibig na 'to!

(literally, “What is this (shitty) milk of a love?”)

(vulgar, derogatory) generic intensifier: damn; bloody; fucking


landang

(Boac-Mogpog Marinduque) light fever; slight fever


tambok

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tambuk (“bulging, as the stomach”). Compare Bikol Central tambok, Cebuano tambok, and Tausug tambuk.


hipon

From Proto-Philippine *hípun (“small shrimp”). Compare Cebuano hipun (“tiny shrimp”) and Mansaka ipon (“small fish”). See also Central Dusun tipun (“shrimp”). The “butterface” sense is from people eating the body of the shrimp and treating the head as undesirable by throwing it away.

(figurative, slang, derogatory) butterface; prawn; shrimp (person with an attractive body but an unattractive face)


matambok

matambók (canonical)
ᜋᜆᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)

(by extension, informal) bulging; sticking out (the crotch)


nalilibog

From na- + libog with initial reduplication.


kamoteng kahoy

tl-noun

kamoteng kahoy (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜋᜓᜆᜒᜅ᜔ ᜃᜑᜓᜌ᜔)

ᜃᜋᜓᜆᜒᜅ᜔ ᜃᜑᜓᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


eroplano

Borrowed from Spanish aeroplano (“airplane”), from French aéroplane, from Ancient Greek ἀερόπλανος (aeróplanos, “wandering in air”).

der

Sabik na sabik akong sumakay sa unang biyahe ko sa eroplano.

2015, Marshall E Gass, Maririlag na mga Hagod ng Brotsa:

I am very excited to embark on my first airplane trip.


utog

[ˈʔuː.t̪oɡ̚]

From Proto-Philippine *qutuʀ (“erection of the penis”). Compare Ilocano uttug, Bikol Central utog, Cebuano utog, and Tausug latug.


tawo

tlb

(now dialectal, Batangas, western Marinduque, uncommon in Rizal)


sibuyas bombay

tl-noun

sibuyas bombáy (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜊᜓᜌᜐ᜔ ᜊᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜌ᜔)

sibuyas bombáy (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜊᜓᜌᜐ᜔ ᜊᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


kahoy

From Proto-Central Philippine *kahuy, from Proto-Philippine *kahiw (cf. Yami kayo, Ibatan kayo, Pangasinan kiew, Cebuano kahoy, and Tausug kahuy), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kahiw (cf. Malagasy hazo, Malay kayu, and Maori kau), from Proto-Austronesian *kaSiw.


kamote

Borrowed from Mexican Spanish camote (“sweet potato”), from Classical Nahuatl camohtli. The sense about performing badly is possibly an expression suggesting students should instead plant potatoes, or possibly a play on the word kamot (“scratch”), about scratching one's head when not knowing what to do. However, some sources state that this sense already exists as part of Spanish slang. See also Hokkien 大番薯 (tōa-han-chî), Cantonese 大番薯 (daai⁶ faan¹ syu⁴⁻²), Hakka 大番薯.

bor+

Ipomoea batatas
Ipomoea batatas#Translingual

(slang) act of performing badly on a task

(slang, by extension) a driver with little or no regard for the rules of the road


kamote

→ Hokkien: ka-mú-tī

(slang) puzzled; unable to figure out how to resolve a problem or a task


bulbol

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *bulbul (“body hair; feathers”). Compare Ibatan boboh, Kapampangan bulbul, Bikol Central bulbol, Aklanon buebue, Maranao bombol, and Maguindanao bumbul.

inh+

(obsolete) act of plucking feathers from a bird


tawas

Borrowed from Malay tawas. Compare Cebuano tawas and Waray-Waray tawas.

practice of burning of alum crystals with praying in quackery (to determine the cause of a person's sickness)


lamok

From Proto-Philippine *lamuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ñamuk,*lamuk (compare Fijian namu, Indonesian nyamuk, Javanese ꦭꦩꦸꦏ꧀ (lamuk), Malay nyamuk).


sagoy

quick, light touch (as with one's finger)


hilaw

From Proto-Philippine *hilaw. Compare Malay hijau.


hilaw

rawness (of fruit, food, materials, etc.)


abog

hollow noise (as caused by a heavy object that falls on a board floor)

(colloquial) word; notice; warning (usually used in the negative)


lawas

hitting above and beyond the target point; missing widely


lawas

Borrowed from Cebuano or Hiligaynon lawas.

(neologism) body (physical structure of a human or animal)


upahan

tl-verb

upahan (complete inupahan, progressive inuupahan, contemplative uupahan, 2nd object trigger, Baybayin spelling ᜂᜉᜑᜈ᜔)

inupahan (completive)
inuupahan (progressive)
uupahan (contemplative)
ᜂᜉᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
pa (root)
upahan (infinitive)
inupahan (completive root)
inuupahan (progressive root)
inaupahan (dialectal progressive root)
uupahan (contemplative objective)
aupahan (contemplative dialectal objective)
upahi (dialectal imperative objective)

upahan

to rent; to lease (a vehicle, house, etc.)


upahan

usual rate of wages paid to ordinary workers


bangaw

From Proto-Philippine *baŋaw (“paddy bug”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baŋaw, from Proto-Austronesian *baŋaw.


lagay

→ Ilocano: lagay

act of putting or placing something on or in a certain place, application, putting on

the manner by which a thing is placed or set up

humingi ng lagay


taob

lying flat with the stomach and face under

(gambling, figurative) bankrupt (of a banker)


taob

act of placing something upside down with the bottom up (of a cup, plate, etc.)

position of something upside down with the bottom up

act of lying down with the stomach and face under

(gambling, figurative) bankruptcy (of a banker)

(games) reverse; face-down (of cards); tails (in heads or tails)


habol

target of one's pursuit (of a person, animal, vehicle, etc.)


habol

fond of crying if not allowed to go with (especially of a child)


gubat

[ˈɡuː.bɐt̪̚]

From Proto-Philippine *gúbat (“jungle, idle land”). Compare Isnag xinubat, Itawit ginubat, Kapampangan gubat, Waray-Waray kagugub-an.


gubat

[ˈɡuː.bɐt̪̚]

From Proto-Philippine *gubát (“to attack; to go to war”). Compare Ilocano gubat, Isnag xubat, Bikol Central manggubat, Cebuano gubat, Maranao gobat.


kolesterol

tl-noun

kolesteról or kolésteról (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜓᜎ᜔)

kolesteról (canonical)
kolésteról (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish colesterol, from English cholesterol, from French cholestérol, from Ancient Greek χολή (kholḗ, “gall, bile”) + στερεός (stereós, “firm, solid”).


adose

[ʔɐˈd̪oː.sɛ]


lastiko

Clipping of elastiko, from Spanish elástico.

children's game played using rubber bands


sunog

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sunuʀ. Compare Aklanon sunog, Cebuano sunog, Mansaka sonog, Tausug sunug, and Tetum sunu.
May be related to descendants of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tunu. Compare Malay tunu.

fire; conflagration (especially uncontrolled and destructive)


tindahan

From tinda + -han. Compare Bikol Central tindahan and Cebuano tindahan.


siyudad

Borrowed from Spanish ciudad, from Old Spanish cibdat, from Latin cīvitātem.


Jaro

several locations in the Philippines:
A district of Iloilo

several locations in the Philippines:
A municipality of Leyte


Bahasa

Borrowed from Indonesian Malay bahasa, from Sanskrit भाषा (bhāṣā, “language”).


BHB

Bagong Hukbong Bayan
w:tl:Bagong Hukbong Bayan


bungbong

bungbóng (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜅ᜔ᜊᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)

(Gasan-Buenavista Marinduque) bamboo piggy bank (or any kind of coin container)


hinebra

[hɪˈn̪ɛː.bɾɐ]


yantas

Borrowed from Spanish llantas, plural of llanta (“tyre rim”). Doublet of liyantas.

metal rim of a wheel (especially of a carromata or carriage)


tiyo

tl-noun

tiyo or tiyó (feminine tiya, Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜌᜓ)

tiyo (canonical)
tiyó (canonical)
tiya (feminine)
ᜆᜒᜌᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish tío, from Old Spanish tio, from Late Latin thius, from Ancient Greek θεῖος (theîos).


tiya

tiya (canonical)
tiyá (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜌ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish tía, from Late Latin thia, from Ancient Greek θεία (theía).


agsikap

[ʔɐɡˈsiː.xɐp̚]


balukay

circular or curved rim or border (such as placed over arches or openings of baskets)


gargaran

[ɡɐɾˈɡaː.ɾɐn̪]


singkal

splitting of a crack by forcing it with a wedge or quoin


balahak

alloy of different karats of gold or gold with lesser metals


dalawit

involved by chance in an affair (usually one not so desirable)


dalawit

involvement by chance in an affair (usually one not so desirable)

mention in passing (of something or someone)


apo sa tuhod

apó sa tuhod (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜉᜓ ᜐ ᜆᜓᜑᜓᜇ᜔)

apó sa tuhod (canonical)
ᜀᜉᜓ ᜐ ᜆᜓᜑᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


dahilig

[d̪ɐˈhiː.lɪɡ̚]

inclined surface; ramp; slope (of a road, plane, etc.)


dahilig

[d̪ɐˈhiː.lɪɡ̚]


sungay

From Proto-Philippine *súŋay. Compare Bikol Central sungay, Cebuano sungay, Hiligaynon sungay, and Waray-Waray sungay.


tuhod

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuhud (cf. Fijian duru, Hawaiian kuli, Kapampangan tud, Malay tuhut, Mansaka tood, Maori turi, Samoan tuli, Yogad tud), from Proto-Austronesian *tuduS (cf. Amis tolos, Kavalan tusuz, Sakizaya tusuz).

part of lower clothing covering the knee


Yoshiko

Borrowed from Hepburn romaji of Japanese よしこ (Yoshiko).


ihaw

From Proto-Southern Philippine *qíhaw (“broil; barbeque; roast”). Compare Tagbanwa iyaw, Bikol Central ihaw and Cebuano ihaw.

roasting; roast; broiling (of meat, fish, corn, etc.)


tuktok

From Proto-Austronesian *tuktuk (“top, summit, crown”). Compare Hiligaynon toktok and Sambali toktok. Doublet of tuntong.


tuktok

From Proto-Austronesian *tuktuk (“to knock, pound, beat; crush”).

knock; knocking (on a door, surface, etc.)

repeated peck with a beak or bill (of a bird)

game whereby the heads of two eggs are knocked together and the broken egg holder loses


yawe

Borrowed from Early Modern Spanish llave (“key”), from Latin clāvis (“key”). Doublet of liyabe, a later borrowing.


Gat

From clipping of pamagat (“title”). See more at pamagat.

Gat Jose Rizal

Gat Andres Bonifacio

Gat Lontok

historical title of nobility for a man of recognized prominence or greatness, especially of Philippine heroes: Lord; Sir (used before a name)


Ruso

tl-noun

Ruso (feminine Rusa, Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜐᜓ)


Ruso

'Diretso na silang magsalita ng Ruso at umaasa akong bibisita sila sa susunod na taon.' 'Nalulungkot ako para sa iyo, Max. May ilang bagay na nangyayari ng hindi mo inaasahan. Huwag mo nang isipin iyon. Maaayos din ang lahat.'

2015, Marshall E Gass, Maririlag na mga Hagod ng Brotsa, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN:

"They can now speak Russian straightly and I expect they will visit next year."; "I'm feeling sad for you, Max. There are some things that happen unexpectedly. Don't think about those. Everything will be fine."


ugma

juncture; fitting (ends together); connection

act of fitting one thing to another (of a juncture, tenon, etc.)

harmony; compatibility; harmonious relations


ugma

well-adjusted; well-set (of a joint, etc.)


tumpang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumpang (“to carry something above one another”). Compare Malay tumpang.

inh

carried on the head or shoulders (of two things one over the other)


Setsuko

Borrowed from Hepburn romaji of Japanese せつこ (Setsuko).


bungi

From Proto-Philippine *buŋiq. Compare Bikol Central bungi, Cebuano bungi, and Masbatenyo bungi.

missing tooth; space left by a missing tooth

jag; nick; dent; notch (of the edge of tools)


bungi

with a missing tooth or teeth (of a person)

jagged; nicked; dented; notched (of the edge of tools)


tugnaw

[t̪ʊɡˈn̪aʊ̯]


tugnaw

[t̪ʊɡˈn̪aʊ̯]


bugaw

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *buʀaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buʀaw.

driving away; shooing (animals, people, etc.)


Yamane

a Filipino-Japanese surname from Japanese


hinog

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *hinuʀ (“ripe; to ripen”). Compare Bikol Central hinog and Cebuano hinog.


tabliya

Borrowed from Spanish tablilla (“tablet”).

bor+

chocolate tablet (round tablets of pure ground roasted cacao beans)


tsampurado

tl-noun

tsampurado (Baybayin spelling ᜆ᜔ᜐᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜇᜇᜓ)

ᜆ᜔ᜐᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜇᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Mexican Spanish champurrado.

bor+

champorado (a sweet chocolate rice porridge in Philippine cuisine)


pukaw

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pukaw.


abintestato

tl-noun

abintestato (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜆᜓ)

ᜀᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜆᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish abintestato, from Latin ab intestātō (“by intestacy”).


abintestato

ᜀᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜆᜓ (Baybayin)


lugaw

From Proto-Philippine *lugaw (“rice porridge”). Compare Agutaynen logaw, Bikol Central lugaw, Cebuano lugaw, Aklanon eugaw, Hiligaynon lugaw, and Waray-Waray lugaw.

inh

lugaw (rice porridge or gruel, especially the Filipino variety)

(obsolete) rice stewed with milk or fat, and also rarely with plain water, commonly given to children as food


lugaw

(figurative) unable to think clearly; confused


tulog

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *tuduʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuduʀ (cf. Aklanon tueog, Bikol Central turog, Ilocano turog, Javanese ꦠꦸꦫꦸ (turu), Malay tidur, Maranao torog, Tausug tug), from Proto-Austronesian *tuduʀ.

(boxing, figurative, colloquial) act of knocking out


tulog

(boxing, figurative, colloquial) knocked out


mutya

Borrowed from Sanskrit मुत्य (mutya, “pearl”). Compare Malay mutiara.

bor+

(obsolete) small stone valued as a jewel; grows on coconut, lemon, or similar objects, and is also said to be found on the heads of other birds


kagaw

From Proto-Philippine *kaʀaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaʀaw. Sense 2 is either from semantic loan from Cebuano kagaw or Ilocano kagaw, both meaning “germ; microbe”, to substitute the loanword mikrobyo.

Sarcoptes scabiei
Sarcoptes scabiei#Translingual


bruha

"Talagang bastos kang bruha ka! Siguro wala kang pinag-aralan kaya ganyan ka. Maski buhay mo kaya kong bilhin."

1986, J. Corre LaNuevo, Wise Up & Live: Your "people Power" to the Good Life:

"You rude witch! Maybe you haven't learned manners so to be like that. I can buy even your life."

"Hindi ko na kasalanan kung nagmukha kang bruha ngayon!" KKKKKKKKKRRRRRRRRRRRIIIIIIIING! Iniwan agad nila James ang nagngingitngit na si Sofia. Dali-dali silang pumasok sa room 403. Literature and Society ang kanilang klase.

2008, Layeta Bucoy, Ardee Sto. Domingo, Beverly Siy, Tres Amores, →ISBN:

"It's not my fault if you look like a hag today!" RRRRRRIIIIIIINGGGGGGGG! Jame immediately left Sofia, who is angry. The quickly entered Room 403. They're in Literature and Society class.

Tumigil ang ginoo. Kumilos si Wanja at lumipat sa kabilang dulo ng kama. Tumayo ang ginoo at tumitig kay Wanja. Wala ngayong gabi ang asawa ko, pero hindi iyon ang punto. Isa kang bruha, alam mo ba iyon? Bruha ko. Bumalik ka sa akin.

2002, Romeo G. Dizon, Mga talulot na dugo, →ISBN:

The gentleman stopped. Wanja moved and went to the other end of the bed. The gentleman stood up and stared at Wanja. My wife's not here tonight, but that's not the point. You're a bitch, don't you know that? My bitch. Come back to me.

misbehaving young girl; spoiled young girl


uwak

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *uak (“harsh cry; bellow; loud cry”) (cf. Cebuano uwak, Pangasinan wawak), also onomatopoeic of the sound crows or ravens make.

inh

large-billed crow
w:en:large-billed crow

Corvus macrorhynchos
Wikispecies:Corvus macrorhynchos

birds of the genus Corvus such as crows and ravens (especially the large-billed crow, Corvus macrorhynchos)

(figurative) traitorous or gluttonous person


higsipnayan

tl-noun

higsipnayan (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜉ᜔ᜈᜌᜈ᜔)

ᜑᜒᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜉ᜔ᜈᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


palatumbasan

palatumbasan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜆᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜐᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜎᜆᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜐᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


bugtong

From Proto-Philippine *buʀ(ə)túŋ, *bug(ə)tuŋ.


kapid

Borrowed from Hiligaynon kapid (“twin”).


balbon

(construction) defected due to uneven plastering (of a wall)


bangas

bruise on the face; contusion on the face


manyakis

Borrowed from English maniac + -s or French maniaque + -s, from Late Latin maniacus, from Ancient Greek μανιακός (maniakós), adjectival form of μανία (manía, “madness”).


angkan

Syncopic form of anakan, from anak + -an.


patay

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *p-atay (“kill”), from Proto-Austronesian *pa-aCay (“kill”), from Proto-Austronesian *aCay (“death”). Compare Ilocano patay, Pangasinan patey, Sambali pati, Kapampangan pate, Cebuano patay, Maranao patay, and Javanese ꦥꦠꦶ (pati).

inh+

Idalangin natin ang mga patay.

(by extension) act of shutting off something


patay

off; not on; unpowered (as of a light, machine)

obsolete; extinct; no longer in use (as of a word, language, or law)

patay na patay kay Rody

(colloquial) smitten; in love; head over heels


patay

Patay! Nakalimutan ko yung sinaing!

(literally, “(I'm) dead! I forgot about the rice!”)

Patay ka sa nanay mo!

expression when one is doomed to be severely punished: dead meat


luha

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *luhəq, from Proto-Austronesian *luSəq. Compare Aklanon euha, Bikol Central luha, Cebuano luha, Dupaningan Agta luwa, Hiligaynon luha, Ilocano lua, Javanese ꦭꦸꦃ (luh), Mansaka lowa, Maranao lo', Kapampangan lua, Paiwan ruseq, Sambali lowa, Tausug luha, Tetum luun, Waray-Waray luha, and Yogad lwa.

Euphorbia tithymaloides
Wikispecies:Euphorbia tithymaloides


bayot

tl-noun

bayot or bayót (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜌᜓᜆ᜔)

bayot (canonical)
bayót (canonical)
ᜊᜌᜓᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

(sometimes derogatory) gay; male homosexual


manyak

Kinukuwenta ko ang mukha na hindi iisang beses na nakasabay Sa bus at dyipni ; lagi'y kipkip ko ang payong na pamalo rin Sa mga manyak na pustura pa't nakadekuwelyong polo. Araw-araw ay kasama ako sa laksang lumulunok sa baho ...

1999, Rebecca T. Añonuevo, Pananahan: MGA Tula, →ISBN:

... ng balakang, sa tabi ng kanyang puwit na animo monay na inamag, nakakurbada ang hugis ng isang 38 rebolber, panlaban sa mga manyak at magnanakaw, wika niya nang minsang may magtanong kung para saan ang naturang baril.

2002, Victor Emmanuel Carmelo D. Nadera, Ang aklat likhaan ng tula at maikling kuwento, 1999, →ISBN:

... naaaninag ang dalawang karneng losyang na nakakabit sa dibdib at sa may ibabang bahagi ng balakang, sa tabi ng puwit na parang monay na inamag, nakakurbada ang hugis ng kuwarenta'y singko, panlaban niya raw sa mga manyak at ...

2002, Norman Wilwayco, Mondo Manila: kung paano ko inayos ang buhok ko matapos ang mahaba-haba ring paglalakbay:

Mga manyak, Pare ko, ang kumidnap sa anak mo. Sportsear pa'ng ginamit. Dinala raw sa 'sang motel sa Pasay si Mary. Nirep nga, Pare ko. Halinhinan daw ang anim. Tatlong araw at tatlong gabing nawala'ng anak mo, Pare. Nang magbalik ...

1992, Wilfredo Pa Virtusio, Bilanggo: at iba pang akda:


limonsito

limonsito (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜆᜓ)

ᜎᜒᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜆᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish limoncito, diminutive of limón. Compare Bikol Central and Cebuano limonsito (“calamondin”).

Triphasia trifolia
Wikispecies:Triphasia trifolia


sunggo

sunggô or sunggó (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ)

sunggô (canonical)
sunggó (canonical)
ᜐᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ (Baybayin)


mingming

mingmíng (canonical)
ᜋᜒᜅ᜔ᜋᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)

(obsolete) act of seizing stubborn people


inday

[ʔɪn̪ˈd̪aɪ̯]

Borrowed from Cebuano inday. Compare indoy.

appellation of a young girl (especially a Visayan)


tatay

Uncertain. Possibly from the following:
* From Philippine Spanish tata (“daddy”) + -oy (“male diminutive suffix”). Compare Aymara tata (“father”).
* From Classical Nahuatl tahtli or tata
* From Proto-Austronesian *tata. Compare Raga tata.
* From Hokkien 大代 (tōa-tāi, “elder generation”). However, Chan-Yap (1980) disagrees as the morphemes were never used in such a combination to mean “father”.

suffix

Philippine Spanish <i class="Latn mention" lang="es">tata</i> (“daddy”)


sip-on

tlb

(now dialectal, Batangas, Marinduque, Quezon)


masikhay

masikháy (canonical)
ᜋᜐᜒᜃ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


sikat-sikat

tl-noun

sikat-sikat (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜃᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜃᜆ᜔)

ᜐᜒᜃᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜃᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)


sikhay

Borrowed from Hokkien. Manuel (1948) notes “siek(semen, lasciviousness, lavishness)-kài, worldliness, libertine, dissolute, licentious ^([sic])”, which could possibly correspond to Hokkien 潲 (siâu, “semen”) + 界 (kài, “world; domain; realm”). Compare Hokkien 四界 (sì-kòe/sì-kè, “everywhere”) or 世界 (sè-kài/sì-kài, “world”).

m-g

siek(semen, lasciviousness, lavishness)-kài, worldliness, libertine, dissolute, licentious ^(􂁚sic􂁛)


sibog

condition of being driven into confused flight (such as people running from police raiding or animals driven out of dens)

state of confusion of such people or animals


silang

From Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *siraŋ (“dazzled, blinded by glaring light”). Compare Bikol Central sirang (“rays or beams of light”) and Malay serang (“blinking; dazzled”).

cog

silang ng araw

rise; rising (of the sun, moon, stars, etc.)


taranta

[t̪ɐ.ɾɐn̪ˈt̪a]

Borrowed from Spanish atarantar (“to daze”).


taranta

[t̪ɐ.ɾɐn̪ˈt̪a]


kilay

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kiray. Compare Bikol Central kiray, Ibatan chichiray, Ilocano kiday, Ivatan chiray, Malay kirai, Kapampangan kile, and Maranao kiray.


umog

simultaneous assault or beating up to helplessness (on someone by a group of people)

rushing together in eagerness (to see, buy, etc.)


tiktik

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tiktik, from Proto-Austronesian *tiktik.


tiktik

(folklore) harpy-like creature believed to attack victims at night (whose cry is supposed to announce the presence of an aswang)


engkanto

Borrowed from Spanish encanto (“charm, spell”).

(folklore) engkanto (mythical environmental spirits in Philippine folklore)


Dau

Daú (canonical)
ᜇᜏᜓ (Baybayin)
ᜇᜂ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Kapampangan Dau, from dau.

A barangay of Mabalacat, Pampanga, Philippines


kilig

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kilig (“shudder”).

shiver, shudder, thrill, or frisson from excitement (usually from romantic experiences)

(by extension) blush due to excitement especially romantic stimulation

butterflies in one's stomach
butterflies in one's stomach

(by extension) butterflies in one's stomach due to excitement

(obsolete) trembling of the body due to snakebite


kilig

excited or thrilled especially by a romantic experience


sangay

branch (of a company, business, firm, etc.)

namesake (person with the same name as another)


labnot

From Proto-Philippine *rab(ə)nut (“to grab and pull”) (cf. Cebuano labnot and Ilocano rabnot).

inh

plucking out; uprooting; sharp pull and twist (of hair, weeds, roots, feathers, etc.)


labnot

plucked out; uprooted; sharply pulled up (of hair, weeds, roots, feathers, etc.)


sigay

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sigay (“cowrie shell”). Compare Pangasinan sigay, Kapampangan sige, Bikol Central sigay, Cebuano sigay, Brunei Malay takoyong sigai, and Malay sigai.


uling

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qujiŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *qujiŋ. Compare Ilocano uging, Bikol Central uring, Maranao oring, and Tausug buling. See also Malay arang.

charcoal mark or dirt (on the skin or a surface)


bugok

From Proto-Philippine *buʀuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buʀuk, from Proto-Austronesian *buʀuk (“rotten; bad character”). Doublet of bulok.


hagok

From Proto-Philippine *haguk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *haguk.

Ibig niyang magsalita, ngunit nag-iisa siya, alam niya. Naririnig na niya ngayon ang hagok ni Timo, inooyayi ng kalanguan. Marahan siyang tumayo. Lumapit siya sa kama. Umupo sa gilid ng kama, nakapako ang mga mata sa kumot ng dilim.

1995, Domingo G. Landicho, Bulaklak ng Maynila, →ISBN:

linig ang hagok ng tubig kundi maging sa kanyang tiyan na hungkag ay gayon din. Ang natirang tubig sa sartin ay minumog at saka niya binasa nang bahagya ang kanyang batok at buhok. Inuusal sa kanyang sarili na sa araw na iyon ay ...

Malakas ang hagok nito, mukhang kanina pa tulog, tumutulo pa ang laway. Puyat na puyat naman sina Inay at Ate Ningning, nakaluhod pero nilalabanan nang husto ang antok, babagsak-bagsak ang mga ulo, iikot-ikot, gegewang-gewang ...


sipat

Compare Cebuano sipat and Hiligaynon masipat.

visual checking of levelness, alignment, or straightness (of a surface, line, row, etc.)


layo

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *adayuq (“far”). Compare Cebuano and Hiligaynon layo, Bikol Central rayo, and Ilocano adayo. See also Malay jauh.


layo

far from each other; away from each other


layo

act of going away (from a person, thing, or place)


sementeryo

tl-noun

sementeryo (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜐᜒᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish cementerio, from Late Latin coemētērium, from Ancient Greek κοιμητήριον (koimētḗrion, “sleeping chamber”).


kolum

Borrowed from English column, from Middle English columne, columpne, columpe, borrowed from Old French columne, from Latin columna. Doublet of kolumna.

(architecture) column (upright supporting structure)

column (recurring feature in a periodical)

column (vertical line of entries in a table)


agwas

tl-noun

agwas or agwás (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜄ᜔ᜏᜐ᜔)

agwas (canonical)
agwás (canonical)
ᜀᜄ᜔ᜏᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaʀuas (“young stage of mullet”).

inh

Ellochelon vaigiensis
Wikispecies:Ellochelon vaigiensis

squaretail mullet (Ellochelon vaigiensis)


kalangitan

tl-noun

kalangitan or kalangitán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜅᜒᜆᜈ᜔)

kalangitan (canonical)
kalangitán (canonical)
ᜃᜎᜅᜒᜆᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


alsa

Borrowed from Spanish alzar, from Vulgar Latin *altiāre, derived from Latin altus (“high”).

appearance on the surface of one's skin (of rashes, etc.)


motorsiklo

motorsiklo (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜐᜒᜃ᜔ᜎᜓ)

ᜋᜓᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜐᜒᜃ᜔ᜎᜓ (Baybayin)

Siyokoy word or pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English motorcycle, under a false assumption Spanish has *motorciclo (correct Spanish: motocicleta).


palad

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *palaj.


salisi

arrival of a person at a certain place after someone being looked for has left

74 "Mga kasamahan naming durog," ani Tibong, "minsan nalulunod na lang sa ilog sa may Feati." Saka nagkuwento siya kung ... 'Yun namang mga nagtitinda ng supot, salisi boys, sasalisihan ka't pagnanakawan." Wala kang ligtas. Dati'y ...

papeles - n. panlahatang ta- wag sa mga rekisitos na porm ng esteytment at kompleynt na ipinapayl sa estasyon at/o ... nariyan ang Bukas-Kotse, Dugu-dugo na tumatawag sa telepono, ang Salisi na grupo ng mga efdo at ang Laglag- Barya.

(colloquial) acting surreptitiously when unwatched


tuwad

bent or leaning down forward with the buttocks raised higher than one's head


tuwad

act of bending or leaning down forward with the buttocks raised higher than one's head

(colloquial) complete defeat (in a game or contest)

(obsolete) act of tearing down something to the ground


tuwad

[ˈt̪uː.ɐd̪̚]


guwang

Isang umaga ay napadpad ang isang tumanggong sa parang. Napansin niya ang ilang pastol na naglalagay ng kanya-kanyang baonan sa guwang ng isang malapad na puno.

2009, Boots S. Agbayani Pastor, Matakaw na tumanggong:

big hole; hollow or cavity on the surface


magulang

[mɐˈɣuː.lɐŋ]


magulang

[mɐˈɣuː.lɐŋ]


singga

recurrence of a disease or illness (especially after a brief recovery)

periodic occurrence or recurrence (of craziness,inclination, desire, moodiness, etc.)


tirong

man who pretends or acts like a bully (by making oneself look like a powerful man)


tirong

pretending or acting like a bully (of a man)


kuryente

ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)

[kʊɾˈjɛn̪.t̪ɛ]

(common) Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of koryente.


mansanitas

tl-noun

mansanitas (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜈ᜔ᜐᜈᜒᜆᜐ᜔)

Borrowed from Spanish manzanitas, diminutive plural of manzana. Compare Cebuano mansanitas.

Ziziphus jujuba
Ziziphus jujuba#Translingual


piyak

squawk; sudden cry of fowls when frightened


pampam

Possibly from English pan-pan (“post-WWII Japanese prostitute catering to American soldiers”), from Japanese パンパン (panpan) as per Potet (2016), an ellipsis of パンパンガール (panpangāru), possibly from English pompom girl as a WW2 American military slang. Stephen Trussel claims it was derived from Proto-Philippine *pampám (“prostitute”), but he also noted it was possibly a loan distribution with an unclear source. See also Japanese ぱんぱん and English pum-pum.

bor

(offensive, vulgar) prostitute; harlot; whore


hantik

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mə(n)tik. Compare Pangasinan amsik, Hanunoo amtik, Bikol Central hantik, Cebuano hantik, Masbatenyo hantik, Waray-Waray hamtik, and Maranao lametik.


inasal

From in- + asal (“roasting”). The sense of “chicken dish” is a semantic loan from Hiligaynon inasal. Doublet of asado.

inasal (variant of the Filipino chicken dish lechon manok)


iyak

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *iak. Compare Bikol Central iyak, Cebuano hilak, Malay iak, and Kapampangan kiyak.


yapyap

any small fish, crab, shrimp, etc. sold cheap in quantities in the market


yapyap

loose, idle, meaningless talk or chatter


karomata

From Philippine Spanish carromata, from Spanish carromato + -a. Compare English carromata, Cebuano karomata.

carromata (a two-wheeled, horse-drawn passenger carriage with a tilt roof)


aswang

From Greater Central Philippine *aswang (“witch”). Compare Aklanon aswang, Cebuano aswang, Hiligaynon aswang, and Malay ason (“evil spirit of the night”). See also Malay suangi (“evil spirit; spirit shaman”). Possibly related to Sanskrit असुर (asura) + -ng.

ncog

(folklore, mythology) aswang (shapeshifting evil creature in Philippine mythology)


guwatsinanggo

tl-noun

guwatsinanggo (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜓᜏᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜈᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ)

ᜄᜓᜏᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜈᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ (Baybayin)

[ɡwɐ.t͡ʃɪˈn̪aŋ.ɡo]

Borrowed from Mexican Spanish guachinango (“crafty, wheedling”), from Classical Nahuatl cuachilnācatl.


mutsatsa

tl-noun

mutsatsa (masculine mutsatso, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜆ᜔ᜐ)

mutsatso (masculine)
ᜋᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜆ᜔ᜐ (Baybayin)

[mʊˈt͡ʃaː.t͡ʃɐ]


mutsatso

mutsatso (feminine mutsatsa, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜆ᜔ᜐᜓ)

mutsatsa (feminine)
ᜋᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜆ᜔ᜐᜓ (Baybayin)


kahon

Borrowed from Spanish cajón. Compare Kapampangan kaun. Doublet of kason.


tungki

point; extremity; tip (as of the tip of a nose)


pisot

flattened, pressed, or broken because of being trampled or steped on (e.g. grass, plants, or any soft object such as cigarette butts)


kalkulador

kalkuladór (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎ᜔ᜃᜓᜎᜇᜓᜇ᜔)

kalkuladór (canonical)
ᜃᜎ᜔ᜃᜓᜎᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish calculador, from Latin calculātor. Doublet of kalkiyuleytor.

calculator (electronic device that performs mathematical calculations)

calculator (mechanical device that performs mathematical calculations)

(dated) calculator (a person who performs mathematical calculations)


ulahipan

(dialectal, Marinduque) Alternative form of alupihan


bahag

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bahaʀ. Compare Ilocano baag.

inh+

loincloth; G-string (especially the kind traditionally used by Philippine natives)


punyeta

[pʊˈɲɛː.t̪ɐ]

[pʊn̪ˈjɛː.t̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish puñeta (“damn it!; annoying thing”).

bor+

If that doesn't work, try hot water! Let's see if that doesn't walce her up! Punyeta! Cristina assists Monica to the exit. And you, Minerva! Punyeta ka rin! Fix that stupid headdress! And be careful about bumping into the other girls tonight, ha?

2005, Glenn Sevilla Mas, Rite of Passage: And, Her Father's House : Plays (in English):

Punyeta ka — ! — Punyatero — ! Antipatiko — ! Sino'nghindimaku- kunsumi niyan — ! — Anong nananadya — sino'ng na- nanadya — ikaw ang nanadya — ! — Naninira — ? Kung ako, naninira, ikaw, nambubutang — ! LALAKI. (Pasigaw:) ...

2007, Tony Perez, Tatlong paglalakbay, →ISBN:


punyeta

[pʊˈɲɛː.t̪ɐ]

[pʊn̪ˈjɛː.t̪ɐ]

"Mga punyeta kayo! Ano ba'ng pinaggagagawa n'yo't ibabagsak na ng mga anay ang buong bahay ay hindi n'yo pa alam! Hindi n"yo ba nakikitang nagkalat ang bukbok sa buong bahay?" "E, talaga naman hong lumang-luma na 'tong bahay, ...

1998, Levy Balgos De la Cruz, MGA Ritwal, Sumpa, at Panata: Kalipunan Ng Tatlong Maikling Nobela, University of Philippines Press, →ISBN:


tastas

detached; unfastened (of parts of a structure)


tastas

act of unfastening or detaching the parts of a framework


ensaymada

ensaimada (especially a local Philippine variant)


inano

[ʔɪ.n̪ɐˈn̪o]


inano

inanò (canonical)
inano (canonical)
ᜁᜈᜈᜓ (Baybayin)

[ʔɪˈn̪aː.n̪oʔ]


unano

unanò (canonical)
unano (canonical)
ᜂᜈᜈᜓ (Baybayin)

[ʔʊˈn̪aː.n̪oʔ]

Borrowed from Spanish enano, from Latin nānus, from Ancient Greek νᾶνος (nânos).


unano

[ʔʊˈn̪aː.n̪oʔ]


tubig baha

tl-noun

tubig bahâ (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔ ᜊᜑ)

tubig bahâ (canonical)
ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔ ᜊᜑ (Baybayin)


tubig-baha

tubig-bahâ (canonical)
ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔ᜊᜑ (Baybayin)


pisik

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *picik (“splash, spray, sprinkle”).

inh

splash, sputter, etc. (of oil or lard when frying, or of a splash of any liquid)


mabangis

tl-adj

mabangís (plural mababangis, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜅᜒᜐ᜔)

mabangís (canonical)
mababangis (plural)
ᜋᜊᜅᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


kuneho

Borrowed from Spanish conejo, from Latin cunīculus. Compare Bikol Central koneho, Cebuano koneho, and Kapampangan kuneu.

rabbit; cony (mammal of the family Leporidae, with long ears, long hind legs, and a short, fluffy tail)


G̃

tl-letter

G̃ (upper case, lower case g̃, Baybayin spelling ᜅ)


kaymito

Borrowed from Spanish caimito, from Lokono.


Cardona

[kɐɾˈd̪oː.n̪ɐ]

Cardona, Spain
Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

Borrowed from Spanish Cardona.
* (municipality): Named after Cardona in Spain. By folk etymology, can be from Spanish caldo.
* (surname): Old Spanish toponymic surname from cardo (“thistle”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

Cardona (a municipality of Rizal, Philippines)


ipil

Moluccan ironwood, a species of tree (Intsia bijuga)


kamantigi

kamantigì (canonical)
ᜃᜋᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜄᜒ (Baybayin)

→ Spanish: camantigue

[kɐ.mɐn̪ˈt̪iː.ɣɪʔ]

Impatiens balsamina
Impatiens balsamina#Translingual


kalatsutsi

tl-noun

kalatsutsì (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒ)

kalatsutsì (canonical)
ᜃᜎᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒ (Baybayin)

English: calachuchi

[kɐ.lɐˈt͡ʃuː.t͡ʃɪʔ]

Borrowed from Spanish cacalosúchil, from a Nahuan language; cf. Classical Nahuatl cācālōxōchitl, equivalent to cācālōtl (“crow”) + xōchitl (“flower”).


kalabasa

Borrowed from Spanish calabaza (“squash”).


ikog

Possibly from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ikuʀ. Compare Bikol Central ikog (“tail”), Cebuano ikog (“tail”), Malay ekor (“tail”), and Maranao ikog (“tail”).

haft; handle (of table knives, bolos, daggers, chisels, etc.)


gisantes

Borrowed from Spanish guisantes, plural of guisante (“pea”).


umang

act of putting someone at the threshold of danger, etc.

act of pointing closely at someone (of a gun, etc.)


huwas

Harpullia arborea
Wikispecies:Harpullia arborea

harpullia; tulipwood tree (Harpullia arborea)


wangwang

siren (sound device, especially on emergency vehicles)


wangwang

condition of being exposed to the elements


hugas

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *huʀas. Compare Kapampangan uyas, Bikol Central hugas, and Cebuano hugas.

washing with water (of objects, body parts, wounds, etc.)

water used to wash hulled rice (used as broth in cooking vegetables, etc. or as pig feed)

Microglossa volubilis (a rambling shrub with longitudinally furrowed branches)


pugita

→ Palauan: bukitang, bokitang

[pʊˈɣiː.t̪ɐ]

From Proto-Central Philippine *kugita with irregular p, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuʀita, from Proto-Austronesian *guʀiCa. Compare Ilocano kurita, Bikol Central kugita, Cebuano kugita, Maranao kogita, Maguindanao kuleta, Yakan kuhita', Malay kurita, Malagasy horita, Javanese ꦒꦸꦫꦶꦠ (gurita), Fijian kuita, Marshallese kweet, Kavalan qlita, and Paiwan guritsa. Doublet of kurita and kugita.


Quirino

Borrowed from Spanish Quirino. The places in the Philippines are named after Elpidio Quirino, the sixth president of the Philippines.

Quirino (a province of Cagayan Valley, Luzon, Philippines; capital: Cabarroguis)

Elpidio Quirino (6th president of the Philippines)

A municipality of Ilocos Sur, Luzon, Philippines

A municipality of Isabela, Luzon, Philippines


manigong Bagong Taon

tl-head

manigong Bagong Taón (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜈᜒᜄᜓᜅ᜔ ᜊᜄᜓᜅ᜔ ᜆᜂᜈ᜔)

manigong Bagong Taón (canonical)
ᜋᜈᜒᜄᜓᜅ᜔ ᜊᜄᜓᜅ᜔ ᜆᜂᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


kugita

[kʊˈɣiː.t̪ɐʔ]

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuʀita, from Proto-Austronesian *guʀiCa. Compare Ilocano kurita, Bikol Central kugita, Cebuano kugita, Maranao kogita, Maguindanao kuleta, Yakan kuhita', Malay kurita, Malagasy horita, Javanese ꦒꦸꦫꦶꦠ (gurita), Fijian kuita, Marshallese kweet, Kavalan qlita, and Paiwan guritsa. Doublet of kurita and pugita.


jerjer

ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜇ᜔ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

/ˈd͡ʒeɾd͡ʒeɾ/

[ˈd͡ʒɛɾ.d͡ʒɛɾ]

[ˈd̪jɛɾd̪.jɛɾ]

Possibly borrowed from Cebuano jerjer, reduplication of clipping of jerbum, from gay slang prefix jo- + erbum, backslang of English bummer.


pundi

Borrowed from Spanish fundir, from Latin fundere.

Punding bombilya

Punding-pundi ako sa sobrang kulit ng mga anak mo.

I'm all fed up by your very naughty kids.


kordero

Borrowed from Spanish cordero, from Vulgar Latin *cordārium, from Latin cordus.


karnero

[kɐɾˈn̪ɛː.ɾo]

Borrowed from Spanish carnero, from Latin (agnus) carnārius. Compare Ivatan kanyiru.


patuusan

From pa- + tuos (“accounting; computing”) + -an.


Matsuda

Borrowed from Hepburn romaji of Japanese 松田 (Matsuda).


Sasaki

Borrowed from Japanese 佐々木 (ささき, Sasaki).


Kawaguchi

Borrowed from Hepburn romaji of Japanese 川口 (Kawaguchi).


Nakashima

Borrowed from Hepburn romaji of Japanese 中島 (Nakashima).


Mizuguchi

tl-proper noun

Mizuguchi (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜒᜐᜓᜄᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒ)

ᜋᜒᜐᜓᜄᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Hepburn romaji of Japanese 水口 (Mizuguchi).


Minami

Borrowed from Japanese 南 (Minami) or みなみ (Minami).


Takeda

Borrowed from Japanese 武田 (たけだ, Takeda, literally “military field”) or 竹田 (たけだ, Takeda, literally “bamboo field”).


Nakajima

Borrowed from Hepburn romaji of Japanese 中島 (Nakajima).


Fujikawa

Borrowed from Hepburn romaji of Japanese 藤川 (Fujikawa).


Matsushita

tl-proper noun

Matsushita (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜐ᜔ᜌᜒᜆ)

ᜋᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜐ᜔ᜌᜒᜆ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Hepburn romaji of Japanese 松下 (Matsushita).