mangikil

tl-verb

mangikil (complete nangikil, progressive nangingikil, contemplative mangingikil, 3rd actor trigger, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜅᜒᜃᜒᜎ᜔)

nangikil (completive)
nangingikil (progressive)
mangingikil (contemplative)
ᜋᜅᜒᜃᜒᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
kikil (root)
mangikil (infinitive root trigger-actor)
nangikil (completive root trigger-actor)
nangingikil (progressive trigger-actor)
mangingikil (contemplative trigger-actor)
kapangingikil (completive formal past past-recent trigger-actor)
kakapangikil (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapapangikil (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kikilan (infinitive root trigger-object)
kinikilan (completive root trigger-object)
kinikikilan (progressive trigger-object)
inakikilan (dialectal progressive trigger-object)
kikikilan (contemplative trigger-object)
akikilan (contemplative dialectal trigger-object)
pangikilan (infinitive root trigger-locative)
pinangikilan (completive root trigger-locative)
pinangingikilan (progressive trigger-locative)
pinapangikilan (progressive trigger-locative)
pangingikilan (contemplative trigger-locative)
papangikilan (contemplative trigger-locative)
ipangikil (benefactive infinitive root)
ipinangikil (benefactive completive root)
ipinapangikil (benefactive progressive)
ipapangikil (benefactive contemplative)
ipangkikil (infinitive root trigger-instrument)
ipinangkikil (completive root trigger-instrument)
ipinapangkikil (progressive trigger-instrument)
ipapangkikil (contemplative trigger-instrument)
ikapangikil (infinitive root trigger-causative)
ikinapangikil (completive root trigger-causative)
ikinapangingikil (formal progressive trigger-causative)
ikinakapangikil (progressive trigger-causative)
ikapangingikil (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
ikakapangikil (contemplative trigger-causative)
magpakikil (infinitive trigger-actor)
nagpakikil (completive trigger-actor)
nagpapakikil (progressive trigger-actor)
magpapakikil (contemplative trigger-actor)
kapakikikil (completive formal past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapapakikil (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapagpapakikil (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kakapakikil (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
papangikilin (actor-secondary infinitive)
pinapangikil (actor-secondary completive)
pinapapangikil (actor-secondary progressive)
papapangikilin (actor-secondary contemplative)
pakikilan (infinitive trigger-object)
pinakikilan (completive trigger-object)
pinapakikilan (progressive trigger-object)
pinakikikilan (progressive trigger-object)
papakikilan (contemplative trigger-object)
pakikikilan (contemplative trigger-object)
ipagpakikil (benefactive infinitive)
ipinagpakikil (benefactive completive)
ipinagpapakikil (benefactive formal progressive)
ipinapagpakikil (benefactive progressive)
ipagpapakikil (benefactive contemplative formal)
ipapagpakikil (benefactive contemplative)
ipapangikil (benefactive infinitive)
ipinapangikil (benefactive completive)
ipinapapangikil (benefactive progressive)
ipapapangikil (benefactive contemplative)
ikapagpapangikil (infinitive trigger-causative)
ikinapagpapangikil (completive trigger-causative)
ikinapagpapapangikil (formal progressive trigger-causative)
ikinakapagpapangikil (progressive trigger-causative)
ikapagpapapangikil (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
ikakapagpapangikil (contemplative trigger-causative)
papangikilan (infinitive trigger-locative)
pinapangikilan (completive trigger-locative)
pinapapangikilan (progressive trigger-locative)
papapangikilan (contemplative trigger-locative)
makapangikil (infinitive trigger-actor)
nakapangikil (completive trigger-actor)
nakapangingikil (formal progressive trigger-actor)
nakakapangikil (progressive trigger-actor)
makapangingikil (contemplative formal trigger-actor)
makakapangikil (contemplative trigger-actor)
makikilan (infinitive trigger-object)
nakikilan (completive trigger-object)
nakikikilan (progressive trigger-object)
makikikilan (contemplative trigger-object)
maipaikil (benefactive infinitive)
naipaikil (benefactive completive)
naipaiikil (benefactive formal progressive)
naipapaikil (benefactive progressive)
naiipaikil (benefactive progressive)
maipaiikil (benefactive contemplative formal)
maipapaikil (benefactive contemplative)
maiipaikil (benefactive contemplative)
maikapaikil (infinitive trigger-causative)
naikapaikil (completive trigger-causative)
naikapaiikil (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naikapapaikil (progressive trigger-causative)
naiikapaikil (progressive trigger-causative)
maikapaiikil (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
maikapapaikil (contemplative trigger-causative)
maiikapaikil (contemplative trigger-causative)
maipaikil (infinitive trigger-causative)
naipaikil (completive trigger-causative)
naipaiikil (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naipapaikil (progressive trigger-causative)
naiipaikil (progressive trigger-causative)
maipaiikil (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
maipapaikil (contemplative trigger-causative)
maiipaikil (contemplative trigger-causative)
mapaikilan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napaikilan (completive trigger-locative)
napaiikilan (formal progressive trigger-locative)
napapaikilan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapaiikilan (contemplative formal trigger-locative)
mapapaikilan (contemplative trigger-locative)
makapagpakikil (infinitive trigger-actor)
nakapagpakikil (completive trigger-actor)
nakapagpapakikil (formal progressive trigger-actor)
nakakapagpakikil (progressive trigger-actor)
makapagpapakikil (contemplative formal trigger-actor)
makakapagpakikil (contemplative trigger-actor)
mapapangikilan (actor-secondary infinitive)
napapangikilan (actor-secondary completive)
napapapangikilan (actor-secondary progressive)
mapapapangikilan (actor-secondary contemplative)
mapakikilan (infinitive trigger-object)
napakikilan (completive trigger-object)
napakikikilan (formal progressive trigger-object)
napapakikilan (progressive trigger-object)
mapakikikilan (contemplative formal trigger-object)
mapapakikilan (contemplative trigger-object)
maipagpakikil (benefactive infinitive)
naipagpakikil (benefactive completive)
naipagpapakikil (benefactive formal progressive)
naipapagpakikil (benefactive progressive)
naiipagpakikil (benefactive progressive)
maipagpapakikil (benefactive contemplative formal)
maipapagpakikil (benefactive contemplative)
maiipagpakikil (benefactive contemplative)
maipapangikil (benefactive infinitive)
naipapangikil (benefactive completive)
naipapapangikil (benefactive progressive)
naiipapangikil (benefactive progressive)
maipapapangikil (benefactive contemplative)
maiipapangikil (benefactive contemplative)
maikapagpapangikil (infinitive trigger-causative)
naikapagpapangikil (completive trigger-causative)
naikapagpapapangikil (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naikakapagpapangikil (progressive trigger-causative)
naiikapagpapangikil (progressive trigger-causative)
maikapagpapapangikil (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
maikakapagpapangikil (contemplative trigger-causative)
maiikapagpapangikil (contemplative trigger-causative)
mapapangikilan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napapangikilan (completive trigger-locative)
napapapangikilan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapapapangikilan (contemplative trigger-locative)
makipangikil (direct infinitive)
nakipangikil (completive direct)
nakikipangikil (direct progressive)
makikipangikil (contemplative direct)
makipagpakikil (indirect infinitive)
nakipagpakikil (completive indirect)
nakikipagpakikil (indirect progressive)
makikipagpakikil (contemplative indirect)


trilyon

tl-num

trilyón or trilyon (Baybayin spelling ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

trilyón (canonical)
trilyon (canonical)
ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish trillón, with semantic loan from English trillion.


pensyonado

tl-noun

pensyonado (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜇᜓ)

ᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of pensiyonado.


pensyon

pensyón (canonical)
ᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of pensiyon.


rekomendasyon

rekomendasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜃᜓᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

rekomendasyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜃᜓᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


higanta

Borrowed from Spanish giganta (“giantess”).

bor+

female equivalent of higante: giantess; female giant


higanta

feminine of higante: giantess; female giant


magmadali

tl-verb

magmadalî (complete nagmadali, progressive nagmamadali, contemplative magmamadali, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄ᜔ᜋᜇᜎᜒ)

magmadalî (canonical)
nagmadali (completive)
nagmamadali (progressive)
magmamadali (contemplative)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜋᜇᜎᜒ (Baybayin)
mag- (affix)
ᜋᜄ᜔ (affix)
madali (root)
ᜋᜇᜎᜒ (root)
actor (focus)
kamamadali (completive formal past past-recent)
ᜃᜋᜋᜇᜎᜒ (completive formal past past-recent)
kapagmamadali (completive formal past past-recent)
ᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜋᜋᜇᜎᜒ (completive formal past past-recent)
magmadali (dialectal formal imperative)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜋᜇᜎᜒ (formal imperative)
kakamadali (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜃᜋᜇᜎᜒ (completive informal past past-recent)
kakapagmadali (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜋᜇᜎᜒ (completive informal past past-recent)
kapapagmadali (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜉᜉᜄ᜔ᜋᜇᜎᜒ (completive informal past past-recent)
magmadali (dialectal imperative informal)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜋᜇᜎᜒ (imperative informal)

tl-infl-table

magmadali

magmamadali
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜋᜋᜇᜎᜒ
magamadali¹
ᜋᜄᜋᜇᜎᜒ
gamadali¹
ᜄᜋᜇᜎᜒ

kamamadali
ᜃᜋᜋᜇᜎᜒ
kapagmamadali
ᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜋᜋᜇᜎᜒ

kakamadali
ᜃᜃᜋᜇᜎᜒ
kakapagmadali
ᜃᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜋᜇᜎᜒ
kapapagmadali
ᜃᜉᜉᜄ᜔ᜋᜇᜎᜒ


hudas

After Hudas, from Spanish Judas, from Ancient Greek Ἰούδας (Ioúdas), from Hebrew יְהוּדָה (y'hudá), named after Judas Iscariot.


disposisyon

tl-noun

disposisyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜉᜓᜐᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

disposisyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜉᜓᜐᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish disposición, from Latin dispositiōnem, accusative singular of dispositiō, from dispōnō.

disposition (tendency or inclination under given circumstances)

arrangement or placement of certain things (objects, soldiers, etc.)

(law) transfer or relinquishment to the care or possession of another (and the final decision thereof)

control over the disposing or dispensing of something (of funds, etc.)


Corazon

Borrowed from Spanish Corazón, from María Corazón, a reference to the Immaculate Heart of Mary (Immaculada Corazón de María in Spanish).

a female given name from Spanish of religious origin


korporasyon

korporasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜉᜓᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

korporasyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜉᜓᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


Agaton

[ʔɐ.ɣɐˈt̪on̪]


antisipasyon

antisipasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜐᜒᜉᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

antisipasyón (canonical)
ᜀᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜐᜒᜉᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish anticipación, or possibly a pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English anticipation due to its late earliest attestation in the 1970's. Ultimately from Latin anticipātiō, anticipātiōnem.

pseudo-loan

...hoarders ng gasolina, binanggit ni Hen. Ramos ang mga insidente noong nakaraang buwan, nang itigil ng mga gasolinahan ang pagbibili ng gasolina bilang antisipasyon sa pagtaas ng halaga ng panggatong, dalawang araw pagkatapos na ihayag ito sa media.

...gasoline hoarders, mentioned by General Ramos' incidents last month, when gas stations stopped selling fuel in anticipation of a fuel price increase, two days after it was revealed to the media.


kongregasyon

tl-noun

kongregasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜅ᜔ᜇᜒᜄᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

kongregasyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜅ᜔ᜇᜒᜄᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[koŋ.ɡɾɛ.ɣɐˈʃon̪]

Borrowed from Spanish congregación, from Latin congregātiō.


kooperasyon

kooperasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜂᜉᜒᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

kooperasyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜂᜉᜒᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

cooperation; act of cooperating (with someone)


Perfecto

ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜉᜒᜃ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)


Isang

a diminutive of the female given name Isabel


Natoy

a diminutive of the male given name Renato


adbertido

tl-adj

adbertido (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇ᜔ᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜓ)

ᜀᜇ᜔ᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)


sibilisado

sibilisado (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜊᜒᜎᜒᜐᜇᜓ)

civilized (with a high standard of civilization)


sibilisasyon

tl-noun

sibilisasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜊᜒᜎᜒᜐᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

sibilisasyón (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜊᜒᜎᜒᜐᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

culture; way of living (of a race or nation)


tindalo

tindalò or tindaló (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜎᜓ)

tindalò (canonical)
tindaló (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜎᜓ (Baybayin)


bangkiling

bangkilíng (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜅ᜔ᜃᜒᜎᜒᜅ᜔)

bangkilíng (canonical)
ᜊᜅ᜔ᜃᜒᜎᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)

Otaheite gooseberry (Phyllanthus acidus) (tree and fruit)


bangkiling

inclined; twisted; turned (of the position of the neck)


tuwang

carried, supported or positioned on both or opposite sides

acting as partners (in doing or performing something)


tuwang

act of carrying a load with another (as a partner)

act of dancing with another (as a partner)

act of being a cosponsor with another (as in someone's baptism, confirmation, or marriage)


opinyon

opinyón (canonical)
ᜂᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


tagapagsalita

tagapágsalitâ (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜄᜉᜄ᜔ᜐᜎᜒᜆ)

tagapágsalitâ (canonical)
ᜆᜄᜉᜄ᜔ᜐᜎᜒᜆ (Baybayin)


pataw

weight (such as a dumbbell) tied to the foot

something imposed (such as interest, penalties, punishment, etc.)


mapagmatyag

tl-adj

mapagmatyág (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜄ᜔ᜋᜆ᜔ᜌᜄ᜔)

mapagmatyág (canonical)
ᜋᜉᜄ᜔ᜋᜆ᜔ᜌᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)

[mɐ.pɐɡ.mɐˈt͡ʃaɡ̚]


rambol

rumble; street brawl (especially between gangs)


singkuwenta

tl-num

singkuwenta (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ)

ᜐᜒᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)


singkuwenta

ᜐᜒᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)


giyera

From Philippine Spanish guierra, variant of Spanish guerra, from Early Medieval Latin werra, from Frankish *werru (“confusion; quarrel”). The insertion of ⟨-i-⟩ / ⟨-iy-⟩ (/j/) after /ɡ/, in Philippine Spanish is possibly due to palatalization of /ɡ/ before front vowel /e/ in some Spanish dialects. Compare Chilean Spanish guierra, Aragonese guierra, and Istriot guiera.


kampanya

tl-noun

kampanya or kampanyá (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜋ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜌ)

kampanya (canonical)
kampanyá (canonical)
ᜃᜋ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)


Jovito

Borrowed from Spanish, a masculine form of Jovita.


Maria Cristina

tl-proper noun

Maria Cristina (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜇᜒᜌ ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ)

ᜋᜇᜒᜌ ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ (Baybayin)

[mɐˌɾiː.ɐ kɾɪsˈt̪iː.n̪ɐ]

From Maria + Cristina, from Spanish María + Cristina.


marmol

tl-noun

marmól or marmol (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜇ᜔ᜋᜓᜎ᜔)

marmól (canonical)
marmol (canonical)
ᜋᜇ᜔ᜋᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish mármol (“marble”).


disiplina

Borrowed from Spanish disciplina (“discipline”), from Latin disciplīna. Doublet of suplina.

bor+

Hindi madidisiplina ang ating kababayan sapagkat walang disiplina ang gobyerno.

2005, Soledad S. Reyes, A Dark Tinge to the World: Selected Essays, 1987-2005, →ISBN, page 191:

Our countrymen can not be disciplined because the government doesn't have discipline.


imahe

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English image, and influenced by Spanish imagen.


asusena

[ʔɐ.sʊˈsɛː.n̪ɐ]


kriminalidad

tl-noun

kriminalidád (Baybayin spelling ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜋᜒᜈᜎᜒᜇᜇ᜔)

kriminalidád (canonical)
ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜋᜒᜈᜎᜒᜇᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


junakis

From earlier junak, from gay slang prefix ju- + anak.


ogag

"Ba't di nag-smile ang ogag? Wala na, Talo na!" pagrereklamo ni Venos.

fool; stupid person; contemptible person


ogag

Kumaway pa sa kanya na parang ogag si Christian. Ang cute ngumiti ng loko. Naka-cross arms pa ito na walang kahirap-hirap na nakatayo roon.


sanggumay

[sɐŋˈɡuː.maɪ̯]

Allegedly a blend of sangsang (“stench”) + umay (“tiresome, satiety”).

blend

Dendrobium anosmum
Wikispecies:Dendrobium anosmum

unscented dendrobium, a pink orchid (Dendrobium anosmum)

Dendrobium crumenatum
Wikispecies:Dendrobium crumenatum

pigeon orchid, an orchid with yellow, short-lived flowers (Dendrobium crumenatum)

Dendrobium taurinum
Wikispecies:Dendrobium taurinum

orchids of the genus Dendrobium
bull orchid (Dendrobium taurinum)


bayolente

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English violent, and influenced by Spanish -ente. Doublet of biyolento.

pseudo-loan

(colloquial) Alternative form of biyolento: violent


labuyo

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *labúyuq. Compare Cebuano labuyo, Ilocano abuyo, and Kapampangan labuyu.

inh+

Gallus gallus
Gallus gallus#Translingual


Joma

a diminutive of the male given name Jose Maria, most notable as the nickname of Communist Part of the Philippine founder and leader, Jose Maria Sison


diksiyunaryo

tl-noun

diksiyunaryo (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of diksiyonaryo.


bariles

Borrowed from Spanish barriles, plural of barril.


analohiya

Borrowed from Spanish analogía (“analogy”), from Latin analogia, from Ancient Greek ἀναλογία (analogía, “mathematical proportion”).


Jomar

[ˈd͡ʒoː.mɐɾ]


Marites

tl-proper noun

Márités or Marités (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜇᜒᜆᜒᜐ᜔)

Márités (canonical)
Marités (canonical)
ᜋᜇᜒᜆᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ˌmaː.ɾɪˈt̪ɛs]

[mɐ.ɾɪˈt̪ɛs]

a diminutive of the female given name Maria Teresa, from Spanish


Marites

[ˌmaː.ɾɪˈt̪ɛs]

[mɐ.ɾɪˈt̪ɛs]

(slang) Alternative letter-case form of marites


direktoryo

tl-noun

direktoryo (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


Emeterio

Borrowed from Spanish, from Latin Emeterius, name of a Roman legionary and martyr.


teknolohiya

teknolohiya or teknolóhiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜃ᜔ᜈᜓᜎᜓᜑᜒᜌ)

teknolohiya (canonical)
teknolóhiyá (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜃ᜔ᜈᜓᜎᜓᜑᜒᜌ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish tecnología, ultimately from Ancient Greek τεχνολογία (tekhnología).


eksorsismo

eksorsismo (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐᜓᜇ᜔ᜐᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)

ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐᜓᜇ᜔ᜐᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ (Baybayin)


eksaherado

tl-adj

eksaherado (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐᜑᜒᜇᜇᜓ)


ensiklopedya

tl-noun

ensiklopedya (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜃ᜔ᜎᜓᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜌ)

ᜁᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜃ᜔ᜎᜓᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish enciclopedia, from New Latin encyclopaedia (“general education”), from Ancient Greek ἐγκύκλιος παιδείᾱ (enkúklios paideíā, “education in the circle of arts and sciences”). Doublet of ensayklopidya.

der

ἐγκύκλιος παιδείᾱ


bokabularyo

tl-noun

bokabularyo (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜃᜊᜓᜎᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜊᜓᜃᜊᜓᜎᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish vocabulario, from Late Latin vocabularium.


eksaherasyon

eksaherasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐᜑᜒᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

eksaherasyón (canonical)
ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐᜑᜒᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish exageración, from Latin exaggeratio.


diksyonaryo

diksyonaryo (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of diksiyonaryo.


parehas

[pɐˈɾɛː.hɐs]

Borrowed from Spanish parejas, plural of pareja, feminine of parejo, from Late Latin pāriculus, a diminutive of Latin pār. Doublet of pareha.


siyam-siyam

siyám-siyám (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜌᜋ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜋ᜔)

siyám-siyám (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜌᜋ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

Reduplication of siyam (“nine”). The sense “monsoon rain” from days of continuous rain, ranging around nine days, used to mark the beginning of the rainy season usually by the end of the month of May.

wet spell; monsoon rain that usually lasts for more than a week


pareha

Borrowed from Spanish pareja, from Late Latin pāriculus, a diminutive of Latin pār. Doublet of parehas.


mangopya

tl-verb

mangopya (complete nangopya, progressive nangongopya, contemplative mangongopya, 3rd actor trigger, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜅᜓᜉ᜔ᜌ)

nangopya (completive)
nangongopya (progressive)
mangongopya (contemplative)
ᜋᜅᜓᜉ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
mang- (affix)
ᜋᜅ᜔ (affix)
kopya (root)
ᜃᜓᜉ᜔ᜌ (root)
actor (focus)
kapangongopya (completive formal past past-recent)
ᜃᜉᜅᜓᜅᜓᜉ᜔ᜌ (completive formal past past-recent)
pangopya (formal imperative)
ᜉ ᜅᜓᜉ᜔ᜌ (formal imperative)
kakapangopya (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜃᜉᜅᜓᜉ᜔ᜌ (completive informal past past-recent)
kapapangopya (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜉᜉᜅᜓᜉ᜔ᜌ (completive informal past past-recent)
pangopya (imperative informal)
ᜉ ᜅᜓᜉ᜔ᜌ (imperative informal)

tl-infl-table

mangopya

kakapangopya
 ᜃᜃᜉᜅᜓᜉ᜔ᜌ
kapapangopya
 ᜃᜉᜉᜅᜓᜉ᜔ᜌ

kopya
 ᜃᜓᜉ᜔ᜌ

¹ Not used in Standard Tagalog. Dialectal use only.


busisi

fastidious; scrupulous; overnice; meticulous


busisi

unnecessarily slow in action (of a person)


konstelasyon

tl-noun

konstelasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

konstelasyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish constelación, from Latin cōnstēllātiōnem.


Huk

Borrowed from English Huk, a clipping of Hukbalahap, an abbreviation of Hukbong Bayan Laban sa Hapon (“People's Army Against the Japanese”). The initial word itself where the abbreviation comes from is hukbo (“army”), derived from Hokkien 服務／服务 (ho̍k-bū, “service”).

abbrev

Pinayuhan din ni Whitney si MacArthur na magpalabas ng proklamasyong nag-uutos sa mga Huk na isuko ang kanilang armas sa "pinakamalapit na komandante ng US military..."48

1996, Renato Constantino, Ang bagong lumipas: 1940-1965, University of Philippines Press, →ISBN:

Whitney also advised MacArthur to release a proclamation ordering the Huks to surrender their arms to "the nearest US military commander..."


alumahan

Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta)


kawang-gawa

kawang-gawâ (canonical)
ᜃᜏᜅ᜔ᜄᜏ (Baybayin)


walang muwang

tl-adj

waláng muwáng (Baybayin spelling ᜏᜎᜅ᜔ ᜋᜓᜏᜅ᜔)

waláng muwáng (canonical)
ᜏᜎᜅ᜔ ᜋᜓᜏᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


oligarkiya

tl-noun

óligarkíya (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜎᜒᜄᜇ᜔ᜃᜒᜌ)

óligarkíya (canonical)
ᜂᜎᜒᜄᜇ᜔ᜃᜒᜌ (Baybayin)

[ˌʔoː.lɪ.ɣɐɾˈkiː.ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish oligarquía, from Ancient Greek ὀλιγαρχία (oligarkhía).


talakitok

→ Spanish: taraquito

→ English: taraquito

Carangoides bajad
Wikispecies:Carangoides bajad

orange-spotted trevally (Carangoides bajad)


panuntunan

panuntunan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜈᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜈᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜈᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜈᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


kalagayan

state, quality or condition of someone or something


ebak

Clipping from English evacuate (“to discharge, as of the bowels”). From the late 1980s. Doublet of bakwet.


talbog

(otherwise informal) bounced (of a check)


rayuma

→ Tausug: rayuma


langhap

inhalation; breathing in (especially of specific smells, such as perfume, medicinal vapor, food, etc.)


kabisera

[kɐ.bɪˈsɛː.ɾɐ]


pagdurugo

pagdurugô (canonical)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜇᜓᜇᜓᜄᜓ (Baybayin)

[pɐɡ.d̪ʊ.ɾʊˈɣoʔ]

From pag- + dugo with partial reduplication of the root and allophonic lenition of /d/ to /ɾ/ between vowels.


nakaw

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *takaw. Doublet of takaw.


istratehiya

tl-noun

istratehiya (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜆᜒᜑᜒᜌ)

ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜆᜒᜑᜒᜌ (Baybayin)

[ʔɪs.t̪ɾɐ.t̪ɛˈhiː.ɐ]

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of estratehiya.


kondena

act of condemning; act of expressing strong disapproval


ikawalo

From ika- + walo (“eight”). Compare Cebuano ikawalo.


imperyo

Sa pagbagsak ng Imperyo ng Madjapahit ay ang Imperyo naman ng Malacca ang naging makapangyarihan sa Silangan.

1984, Maria S. Ramos, Panitikang Pilipino, Katha Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 12:

After the fall of the Majapahit Empire, it was the Malaccan Empire that became powerful in the East.


bulalo

bulalô or bulaló (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜎᜎᜓ)

bulalô (canonical)
bulaló (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜎᜎᜓ (Baybayin)

bone marrow from the limbs of cows, pigs, buffaloes, etc.


sekularismo

sekularismo (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜃᜓᜎᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)

ᜐᜒᜃᜓᜎᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish secularismo. By surface analysis, sekular + -ismo.


kasukasuan

kasukasuan (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜐᜓᜃᜐᜓᜀᜈ᜔)

From the reduplication of kaso (“disjointed”) + -an, literally, “junction of the disjointed (parts)”.


Domeng

a diminutive of the male given name Domingo


saksakan

(colloquial) extreme of; epitome of (usually with ng)


saksakan

tl-verb

saksakán (complete sinaksakan, progressive sinasaksakan, contemplative sasaksakan, Baybayin spelling ᜐᜃ᜔ᜐᜃᜈ᜔)

saksakán (canonical)
sinaksakan (completive)
sinasaksakan (progressive)
sasaksakan (contemplative)
ᜐᜃ᜔ᜐᜃᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
saksak (root)
sumaksak (infinitive root trigger-actor)
sumaksak (completive root trigger-actor)
sumasaksak (progressive trigger-actor)
nasaksak (dialectal progressive trigger-actor)
sasaksak (contemplative trigger-actor)
masaksak (contemplative dialectal trigger-actor)
kasasaksak (completive formal past past-recent trigger-actor)
kakasaksak (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
saksakin (infinitive root trigger-object)
sinaksak (completive root trigger-object)
sinasaksak (progressive trigger-object)
inasaksak (dialectal progressive trigger-object)
sasaksakin (contemplative trigger-object)
asaksakin (contemplative dialectal trigger-object)
saksakan (directional infinitive root)
sinaksakan (completive directional root)
sinasaksakan (directional progressive)
inasaksakan (dialectal directional progressive)
sasaksakan (contemplative directional)
asaksakan (contemplative dialectal directional)
pagsaksakan (infinitive root trigger-locative)
pinagsaksakan (completive root trigger-locative)
pinapagsaksakan (progressive trigger-locative)
pinagsasaksakan (progressive trigger-locative)
papagsaksakan (contemplative trigger-locative)
pagsasaksakan (contemplative trigger-locative)
isaksak (benefactive infinitive root)
isinaksak (benefactive completive root)
isinasaksak (benefactive progressive)
isasaksak (benefactive contemplative)
ipansaksak (infinitive root trigger-instrument)
ipinansaksak (completive root trigger-instrument)
ipinapansaksak (progressive trigger-instrument)
ipapansaksak (contemplative trigger-instrument)
ikasaksak (infinitive root trigger-causative)
ikinasaksak (completive root trigger-causative)
ikinasasaksak (formal progressive trigger-causative)
ikinakasaksak (progressive trigger-causative)
ikasasaksak (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
ikakasaksak (contemplative trigger-causative)
isaksak (emphatic infinitive rare root trigger-causative)
isinaksak (completive emphatic rare root trigger-causative)
isinasaksak (emphatic progressive rare trigger-causative)
isasaksak (contemplative emphatic rare trigger-causative)
isaksak (infinitive root trigger-measurement)
isinaksak (completive root trigger-measurement)
isinasaksak (progressive trigger-measurement)
isasaksak (contemplative trigger-measurement)
magpasaksak (infinitive trigger-actor)
nagpasaksak (completive trigger-actor)
nagpapasaksak (progressive trigger-actor)
magpapasaksak (contemplative trigger-actor)
kapasasaksak (completive formal past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapapasaksak (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapagpapasaksak (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kakapasaksak (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
pasaksakin (actor-secondary infinitive)
pinasaksak (actor-secondary completive)
pinasasaksak (actor-secondary progressive)
pinapasaksak (actor-secondary progressive)
pasasaksakin (actor-secondary contemplative)
papasaksakin (actor-secondary contemplative)
ipasaksak (infinitive trigger-object)
ipinasaksak (completive trigger-object)
ipinasasaksak (progressive trigger-object)
ipinapasaksak (progressive trigger-object)
ipasasaksak (contemplative trigger-object)
ipapasaksak (contemplative trigger-object)
pasaksakan (directional infinitive)
pinasaksakan (completive directional)
pinapasaksakan (directional progressive)
pinasasaksakan (directional progressive)
papasaksakan (contemplative directional)
pasasaksakan (contemplative directional)
ipagpasaksak (benefactive infinitive)
ipinagpasaksak (benefactive completive)
ipinagpapasaksak (benefactive formal progressive)
ipinapagpasaksak (benefactive progressive)
ipagpapasaksak (benefactive contemplative formal)
ipapagpasaksak (benefactive contemplative)
ikapagpasaksak (infinitive trigger-causative)
ikinapagpasaksak (completive trigger-causative)
ikinapagpapasaksak (formal progressive trigger-causative)
ikinakapagpasaksak (progressive trigger-causative)
ikapagpapasaksak (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
ikakapagpasaksak (contemplative trigger-causative)
pagpasaksakan (infinitive trigger-locative)
pinagpasaksakan (completive trigger-locative)
pinagpapasasaksakan (formal progressive trigger-locative)
pinapagpasaksakan (progressive trigger-locative)
pagpapasasaksakan (contemplative formal trigger-locative)
papagpasaksakan (contemplative trigger-locative)
papagsaksakan (infinitive trigger-locative)
pinapagsaksakan (completive trigger-locative)
pinapapagsaksakan (progressive trigger-locative)
papapagsaksakan (contemplative trigger-locative)
makasaksak (infinitive trigger-actor)
nakasaksak (completive trigger-actor)
nakasasaksak (formal progressive trigger-actor)
nakakasaksak (progressive trigger-actor)
makasasaksak (contemplative formal trigger-actor)
makakasaksak (contemplative trigger-actor)
mapasaksak (infinitive trigger-actor)
napasaksak (completive trigger-actor)
napasasaksak (formal progressive trigger-actor)
napapasaksak (progressive trigger-actor)
mapasasaksak (contemplative formal trigger-actor)
mapapasaksak (contemplative trigger-actor)
masaksak (infinitive trigger-object)
nasaksak (completive trigger-object)
nasasaksak (progressive trigger-object)
masasaksak (contemplative trigger-object)
masaksakan (directional infinitive)
nasaksakan (completive directional)
nasasaksakan (directional progressive)
masasaksakan (contemplative directional)
maisaksak (benefactive infinitive)
naisaksak (benefactive completive)
naisasaksak (benefactive progressive)
maisasaksak (benefactive contemplative)
maikasaksak (infinitive trigger-causative)
naikasaksak (completive trigger-causative)
naikasasaksak (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naikakasaksak (progressive trigger-causative)
naiikasaksak (progressive trigger-causative)
naikasasaksak (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
naikakasaksak (contemplative trigger-causative)
naiikasaksak (contemplative trigger-causative)
maisaksak (infinitive trigger-causative)
naisaksak (completive trigger-causative)
naisasaksak (progressive trigger-causative)
maisasaksak (contemplative trigger-causative)
mapagsaksakan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napagsaksakan (completive trigger-locative)
napagsasaksakan (formal progressive trigger-locative)
napapagsaksakan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapagsasaksakan (contemplative formal trigger-locative)
mapapagsaksakan (contemplative trigger-locative)
makapagpasaksak (infinitive trigger-actor)
nakapagpasaksak (completive trigger-actor)
nakapagpapasaksak (formal progressive trigger-actor)
nakakapagpasaksak (progressive trigger-actor)
makapagpapasaksak (contemplative formal trigger-actor)
makakapagpasaksak (contemplative trigger-actor)
mapasaksak (actor-secondary infinitive)
napasaksak (actor-secondary completive)
napasasaksak (actor-secondary formal progressive)
napapasaksak (actor-secondary progressive)
mapasasaksak (actor-secondary contemplative formal)
mapapasaksak (actor-secondary contemplative)
maipasaksak (infinitive trigger-object)
naipasaksak (completive trigger-object)
naipasasaksak (formal progressive trigger-object)
naipapasaksak (progressive trigger-object)
naiipasaksak (progressive trigger-object)
maipasasaksak (contemplative formal trigger-object)
maipapasaksak (contemplative trigger-object)
maiipasaksak (contemplative trigger-object)
mapasaksakan (directional infinitive)
napasaksakan (completive directional)
napasasaksakan (directional formal progressive)
napapasaksakan (directional progressive)
mapasasaksakan (contemplative directional formal)
mapapasaksakan (contemplative directional)
maipagpasaksak (benefactive infinitive)
naipagpasaksak (benefactive completive)
naipagpapasaksak (benefactive formal progressive)
naipapagpasaksak (benefactive progressive)
naiipagpasaksak (benefactive progressive)
maipagpapasaksak (benefactive contemplative formal)
maipapagpasaksak (benefactive contemplative)
maiipagpasaksak (benefactive contemplative)
maikapagpasaksak (infinitive trigger-causative)
naikapagpasaksak (completive trigger-causative)
naikapagpapasaksak (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naikakapagpasaksak (progressive trigger-causative)
naiikapagpasaksak (progressive trigger-causative)
maikapagpapasaksak (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
maikakapagpasaksak (contemplative trigger-causative)
maiikapagpasaksak (contemplative trigger-causative)
mapagpasaksakan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napagpasaksakan (completive trigger-locative)
napagpapasasaksakan (formal progressive trigger-locative)
napapagpasaksakan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapagpapasasaksakan (contemplative formal trigger-locative)
mapapagpasaksakan (contemplative trigger-locative)
mapapagsaksakan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napapagsaksakan (completive trigger-locative)
napapapagsaksakan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapapapagsaksakan (contemplative trigger-locative)
makisaksak (direct infinitive)
nakisaksak (completive direct)
nakikisaksak (direct progressive)
makikisaksak (contemplative direct)
makipagpasaksak (indirect infinitive)
nakipagpasaksak (completive indirect)
nakikipagpasaksak (indirect progressive)
makikipagpasaksak (contemplative indirect)

to cram; to stuff forcibly (something into)

(colloquial, figurative) to add (something into)


aktibo

Borrowed from Spanish activo (“active”), from Latin āctīvus.


ortograpiya

tl-noun

ortograpiya (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜇ᜔ᜆᜓᜄ᜔ᜇᜉᜒᜌ)

ᜂᜇ᜔ᜆᜓᜄ᜔ᜇᜉᜒᜌ (Baybayin)


ponolohiya

ponolohiya (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜈᜓᜎᜓᜑᜒᜌ)


Caloy

a diminutive of the male given name Carlo


danggit

[d̪ɐŋˈɡit̪̚]


durugista

[d̪ʊ.ɾʊˈɣis.t̪ɐ]

From drogista with breaking up of the initial consonant cluster. See more at drogista. The root was reinterpreted as durog (“crushed”) as a pun with the specific form durugista attested only as early as 1980s. Compare Cebuano durugista. Doublet of drogista.

[…] GP (To Interviewer): Tingnan mo yang batang iyan. Hostess na, durugista pa. […]

1983, Mariang aliw: dokyu-drama, page 10:

[…] durugista ay kontento sa "ekis pinoy" at "gin bulag." Sa dilim na lamang ng looban namin nila idinadaos dahil wala naman silang tsikot gamit para pumunta na na maga-kung saan PARS, HUWAG KANG MAGILTI. WALA KANG KASALANAN SA[…]

[…] durugista na pilit niyang kinakatalo. Na-buy-bust yung durugista, naipit, nagturo. Laya ’yung durugista, kulong ’yung bakla. Kumusta na siya ngayon? Ewan ko. Kailan mo siya huling dinalaw? Marami akong ginagawa, 80 Sa[…]

1998, Honorio Bartolome De Dios, Sa labas ng parlor, University of Philippines Press:

[…] durugista, from the root word durug which means to crush. The terms are themselves graphic, with connotations of destruction and loss. As public concern grows, we see an emergence of moral panic translated into political pressure[…]

1999, Michael L. Tan, Good Medicine: Pharmaceuticals and the Construction of Power and Knowledge in the Philippines:

[…] durugista upang pagbigyan ang araw ng mga rispetableng mamamayan. Bago naipalabas ang Manila by Night, kinailangan itong bihisan kahit ng pangalan man lamang. Kinaltas ang lahat ng pagbanggit sa ngalan ng siyudad na pinangyarihan ng[…]

2000, Bienvenido Lumbera, Pag-akda Ng Bansa:

[…] durugista upang pagbigyan ang layaw ng mga rispetableng mamamayan. Bago naipalabas ang Manila by Night, kinailangan itong bihisan kahit ng pangalan man lamang. Kinaltas ang lahat ng pagbanggit sa ngalan ng siyudad na pinangyarihan ng[…]

2005, Bienvenido Lumbera, Bayan at lipunan: ang kritisismo ni Bienvenido L. Lumbera:

[…] durugista? I don’t want to judge that man but there are certain indications that say he uses drugs. He has this head twitch one sees in drug addicts. I really do think his using." "Magpapaimbestiga ako, Eusebia.” "Please.

2014 October 20, Vanessa, Dreams Of Passion 5 - Pedro And Nicci, Precious Pages Corporation:

[…] durugista raw ako, basagulero. At noong bagong dating ako sa probinsiya, isinama ng lola ko ang lahat ng amiga niya sa Bible study group para ipag-pray over ako. Lahat sila ay nagkumpulan sa paligid ko, nakataas ang mga kamay sa ulo ko[…]

2015 May 8, Vanessa, Rock Star Na Walang Stage, Precious Pages Corporation:

[…] durugista. Drug laboratory hindi pa rin masusugpo sa kabila ng pagsusumikap ng pamahalaan na tuluyan itong mawala. Sa kabilang dako, hindi magtatagumpay ang malalaking bansa sa pagsakop sa Pilipinas upang mapasakanila likas natin yaman[…]

2019 October 29, Flerida Ambrocio, THE SECRET OF THE RED BOOK, Lulu.com, →ISBN, page 187:

[…] durugista” (so that drug addicts would be frightened), he was quoted as saying. For this viewer and others like him, photos of the dead seemed to confirm that the drug war was succeeding (“Look: Baclaran Church” 2016; “War on Drugs[…]

2021 November 15, Vicente L. Rafael, The Sovereign Trickster: Death and Laughter in the Age of Duterte, Duke University Press, →ISBN:

[…] durugista, nagpakamatay na nga dito for their work pagkatapos, pag uwi nila nakadroga na, kung hindi, nadisgradya ng rape o pinatay dahil sa droga. Yan ang ibig kong sabihin papatayin ko talaga kayo [applause]. Because it is not[…]

2023 April 26, Ofer Feldman, Debasing Political Rhetoric: Dissing Opponents, Journalists, and Minorities in Populist Leadership Communication, Springer Nature, →ISBN, page 97:


gango

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀaŋu. Compare Ilocano gango, Abenlen Ayta yango, Hanunoo gango, Calamian Tagbanwa langu, and Maranao gango.

stricken numb or dead (such as fish affected by pest, poisoning, or dynamiting)


gunggong

gunggóng (canonical)
ᜄᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Hokkien 戇戇／戆戆 (gōng-gōng).


talabing

any form of protective screen against the heat of the sun or exposure to weather


taguri

[t̪ɐ.ɣʊˈɾiʔ]


taltak

sound produced by the tip of the tongue against the back of the upper teeth


talima

Compare Malay terima (“acceptance; acknowledgement”) and Arabic تَعَلَّمَ (taʕallama, “to learn”).

ncog

compliance; obedience (to an order, etc.)


talaarawan

tl-noun

talaarawan or taláarawán (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜎᜀᜇᜏᜈ᜔)

talaarawan (canonical)
taláarawán (canonical)
ᜆᜎᜀᜇᜏᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[t̪ɐ.lɐ.ʔɐˈɾaː.wɐn̪]

[t̪ɐˌlaː.ʔɐ.ɾɐˈwan̪]


dinig

From earlier dingig, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəŋəʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *dəŋəʀ. See also dangal.


dinggin

tl-verb

dinggín (complete dininig, progressive dinidinig, contemplative didinggin, Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜈ᜔)

dinggín (canonical)
dininig (completive)
dinidinig (progressive)
didinggin (contemplative)
ᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
-in (affix)
ᜒᜈ᜔ (affix)
dinig (root)
ᜇᜒᜈᜒᜄ᜔ (root)
dinggin (infinitive)
ᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜈ᜔ (infinitive)
dininig (completive root)
ᜇᜒᜈᜒᜈᜒᜄ᜔ (completive root)
dinidinig (progressive root)
ᜇᜒᜈᜒᜇᜒᜈᜒᜄ᜔ (progressive root)
inadinig (dialectal progressive root)
ᜁᜈᜇᜒᜈᜒᜄ᜔ (progressive root)
didinggin (contemplative objective)
ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜈ᜔ (contemplative objective)
adinggin (contemplative dialectal objective)
ᜀᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜈ᜔ (contemplative objective)
dinggin (imperative objective)
ᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜈ᜔ (imperative objective)
dinig (dialectal imperative objective)
ᜇᜒᜈᜒᜄ᜔ (imperative objective)
dingga (dialectal imperative objective)
ᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄ (imperative objective)

dinggin

dinggin
 ᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜈ᜔

dininig
 ᜇᜒᜈᜒᜈᜒᜄ᜔

dinidinig
ᜇᜒᜈᜒᜇᜒᜈᜒᜄ᜔
inadinig¹
ᜁᜈᜇᜒᜈᜒᜄ᜔

didinggin
ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜈ᜔
adinggin¹
 ᜀᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜈ᜔

dinggin
 ᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜈ᜔
dinig¹
ᜇᜒᜈᜒᜄ᜔
dingga¹
ᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄ

dinig
ᜇᜒᜈᜒᜄ᜔

From a syncopic form of dinigin, from dinig (“to hear”) + -in.

Dinggin mo ako.

to listen to; to hear; to pay attention to what one is saying


gibang

swaying movement from one side to another (especially of a running vehicle)


emosyonal

tl-adj

emosyonál (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋᜓᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜎ᜔)

emosyonál (canonical)
ᜁᜋᜓᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


ikapito

From ika- + pito (“seven”). Compare Cebuano ikapito.


kombulsyon

tl-noun

kombulsyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜎ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

kombulsyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜎ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


iskor

score (on an examination, competition, etc.)


aghambuhay

aghambuhay (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔)

ᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


teklado

At naglaro ang kanyang mga daliri sa mga teklado ng piyano.

2001, Liwayway A. Arceo, Sila: kalipunan ng maiikling katha, page 45:

And her fingers played on the piano keyboard.

keyboard (of a typewriter, piano, computer, etc.)


biyolohiya

biyolohiya (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜌᜓᜎᜓᜑᜒᜌ)

Borrowed from Spanish biología (“biology”), from Ancient Greek βίος (bíos, “life”) + λόγος (lógos, “explanation, narrative”) + -ία (-ía). Piecewise doublet of soolohiya.

bor+

Ang pag-aaral ukol sa mga pananim at mga hayop ay tinatalakay sa biyolohiya.

2005, Kayamanan Iv' 2005 Ed., Rex Bookstore, Inc., →ISBN, page 13:

The study of crops and animals are discussed in biology.


manloob

tl-verb

manloób (complete nanloob, progressive nanloloob, contemplative manloloob, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔)

manloób (canonical)
nanloob (completive)
nanloloob (progressive)
manloloob (contemplative)
ᜋᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ (Baybayin)
mang- (affix)
ᜋᜅ᜔ (affix)
loob (root)
ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ (root)
actor (focus)
kapanloloob (completive formal past past-recent)
ᜃᜉᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ (completive formal past past-recent)
panloob (formal imperative)
ᜉ ᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ (formal imperative)
kakapanloob (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜃᜉᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ (completive informal past past-recent)
kapapanloob (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜉᜉᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ (completive informal past past-recent)
panloob (imperative informal)
ᜉ ᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ (imperative informal)

tl-infl-table

manloob

manloob
 ᜋᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔

nanloob
 ᜈᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔

nanloloob
ᜈᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔

manloloob
ᜋᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔

kapanloloob
ᜃᜉᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔

kakapanloob
 ᜃᜃᜉᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔
kapapanloob
 ᜃᜉᜉᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔

panloob¹
ᜉ ᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔

to sack; to rob a house or a town; to plunder; to pillage


sensitibo

tl-adj

sensitibo (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜆᜒᜊᜓ)

ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜆᜒᜊᜓ (Baybayin)

sensitive (receiving impressions readily)


kuryosidad

tl-noun

kuryosidád (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓᜐᜒᜇᜇ᜔)

kuryosidád (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓᜐᜒᜇᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


bitamina

Borrowed from Spanish vitamina (“vitamin”).


pisika

Borrowed from Spanish física, from New Latin physica (“physics”), from Ancient Greek φυσικός (phusikós, “natural”).


bitiw

resignation (from one's position, job, etc.)


shiboli

Compare English tomboy and T-bird; alteration of tibo.

(colloquial, originally gay slang) lesbian


bitaw

release of gamecocks facing each other at the start of a bout

practice fight or bout between two roosters


peryodista

tl-noun

peryodista (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜓᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜓᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)


sampaga

Borrowed from Sanskrit चम्पक (campaka). Compare Malay cempaka. Doublet of tsampaka.

a variety of Arabian jasmine with larger, white flowers

a kind of throat disease common among gamecocks


lapulapu

Named after the 16th century datu of Mactan Lapu-Lapu. See also kulapo.

named-after

grouper (fish of the family Epinephelinae)


aproba

Borrowed from Spanish aprobar, from Latin approbāre.


maantot

tl-adj

maantót (plural maaantot, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜀᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜆ᜔)

maantót (canonical)
maaantot (plural)
ᜋᜀᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

[mɐ.ʔɐn̪ˈt̪ot̪̚]


maanggo

maanggó (plural maaanggo, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜀᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ)

maanggó (canonical)
maaanggo (plural)
ᜋᜀᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ (Baybayin)


lehislasyon

tl-noun

lehislasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜑᜒᜐ᜔ᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

lehislasyón (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜑᜒᜐ᜔ᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


antig

[ʔɐn̪ˈt̪iɡ̚]


antot

[ʔɐn̪ˈt̪ot̪̚]


anggo

peculiar odor of fermenting milk or uncooked meat which is no longer fresh


atikha

gradual accumulation of an amount by saving


angkin

From Proto-Southern Philippine *aŋkən (“take for oneself”). Compare Cebuano angkon, Hiligaynon angkon, Waray-Waray angkon, and Western Bukidnon Manobo angken.


kanugnog

kanugnóg (canonical)
ᜃᜈᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜓᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)


bulwang

forced open or burst due to being overfull (as sacks, bags, or the like)


bululos

unrestrained expression of anger, passion, etc.


astaka

[ʔɐsˈt̪aː.xɐʔ]

mold for making lead weights for fishing nets


astaka

[ʔɐsˈt̪aː.xɐʔ]

eroded by water (especially referring to trails or river beds)


talabunyian

talábunyían (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜎᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜌᜒᜀᜈ᜔)

talábunyían (canonical)
ᜆᜎᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜌᜒᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[t̪ɐˌlaː.bʊˈɲiː.ʔɐn̪]

roll of honor; list of famous or distinguished people


bulanglang

bulangláng (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜎᜅ᜔ᜎᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


bulihala

(slang) management; responsibility; care


maburol

tl-verb

mábúrol (complete naburol, progressive nabuburol, contemplative mabuburol, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜇᜓᜎ᜔)

mábúrol (canonical)
naburol (completive)
nabuburol (progressive)
mabuburol (contemplative)
ᜋᜊᜓᜇᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
burol (root)
maburol (infinitive)
naburol (completive root)
nabuburol (progressive root)
mabuburol (contemplative)

tl-infl-ma

maburol

maburol


maburol

tl-adj

maburól (plural mabuburol, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜇᜓᜎ᜔)

maburól (canonical)
mabuburol (plural)
ᜋᜊᜓᜇᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
maburol (positive singular)
mabuburol (plural positive)
burol (positive root)
mas maburol (comparative positive singular superior)
mas mabuburol (comparative plural positive superior)
hindi gaanong maburol (comparative inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabuburol (comparative inferior plural)
kasimburol (comparative equal plural singular)
ang pinakamaburol (positive relative singular superlative)
ang pinakamabuburol (plural positive relative superlative)
napakamaburol (absolute inferior singular superlative)
napakamabuburol (absolute inferior plural superlative)
pagkaburol (absolute equal singular superlative)
pagkaburol-burol (absolute equal plural superlative)


asiwa

[ʔɐˈsiː.wɐʔ]


balakyot

balakyót (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜃ᜔ᜌᜓᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)


parinig

[pɐ.ɾɪˈn̪iɡ̚]

From pa- + dinig, the ⟨d⟩ changing to ⟨r⟩ between vowels.


litratista

tl-noun

litratista (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜆ᜔ᜇᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜎᜒᜆ᜔ᜇᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish retratista (“portrait painter”), with change of /ɾ/ to /l/ (see also labintador and litrato).

bor+

Alternative form of retratista: photographer


baluga

[bɐˈluː.ɣɐʔ]

half-breed Aeta (with predominating Negroid features)


baluga

(Batangas, in some districts) somewhat salty (of water)

(obsolete) mixed; having something mixed in (of solutions)


lagak

putting of an object temporarily (in a certain place)

entrusting of an object temporarily (to someone)


rakista

rocker (someone passionate about rock music)


Cabatuan

A municipality in west-central Isabela, Philippines


kemistri

kémistrí (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜋᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from English chemistry. Doublet of alkimiya and kimika.


selopin

Borrowed from English cellophane, a genericized trademark from Cellophane.


dyip

Borrowed from English jeep, back-formation from jeepney.


hiringgilya

tl-noun

hiringgilya (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜎ᜔ᜌ)

ᜑᜒᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜎ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)


korapsiyon

korapsiyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇᜉ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

korapsiyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇᜉ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English corruption, and influenced by Spanish corrupción.


balanoy

basil (plant and its leaves used as an herb)


gradwet

[ˈɡɾad̪.wɛt̪̚]


gradwet

[ˈɡɾad̪.wɛt̪̚]


Inggo

a diminutive of the male given name Domingo


tigdas hangin

tl-noun

tigdás hangin (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜄ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔ ᜑᜅᜒᜈ᜔)

tigdás hangin (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜄ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔ ᜑᜅᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


makialam

tl-verb

makialám (complete nakialam, progressive nakikialam, contemplative makikialam, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜃᜒᜀᜎᜋ᜔)

makialám (canonical)
nakialam (completive)
nakikialam (progressive)
makikialam (contemplative)
ᜋᜃᜒᜀᜎᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)
alam (root)
actor (focus)
makialam (infinitive)
nakialam (completive root)
nakikialam (progressive root)
makikialam (contemplative)

makialam


padulas

Nenet: Sino ba ang madalas magbigay ng padulas, parating at pabagsak? Heto na si Sikito. may sunong na regalo. Iyan na ang regalo mo, at akin ang Anteriean lover boy. Boling: (Pahadlang.) Walang pumipigil sa iyong maloka ka sa Kano.

1997, Amado V. Hernandez, Magkabilang Mukha Ng Isang Bagol at Iba Pang Akda, University of Philippines Press, →ISBN:

1992, Cultural Center of the Philippines, Unang tagpo: kalipunan ng mga dulang rehyunal sa pambansang pistang pandulaa, Not Avail
... sila madadala ng padulas gaya ng sardinas at tabako. They have learned their lessons, Dad.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


iskultura

tl-noun

iskultura (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ)

ᜁᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of eskultura.


anomalya

Borrowed from Spanish anomalía (“anomaly”).

bor+

Iniimbestigahan na ng kagawaran ang pinapaniwalaang anomalya sa pagbili ng bagong makinarya.

The department is investigating suspected irregularities in the purchase of new machinery.


saliw

tl-noun

saliw or salíw (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎᜒᜏ᜔)

saliw (canonical)
salíw (canonical)
ᜐᜎᜒᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)


Miyerkules ng Abo

Miyérkulés ng Abó (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜒᜌᜒᜇ᜔ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜐ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜀᜊᜓ)

Miyérkulés ng Abó (canonical)
ᜋᜒᜌᜒᜇ᜔ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜐ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜀᜊᜓ (Baybayin)

[ˌmjɛɾ.kʊˌlɛs n̪ɐŋ ʔɐˈbo]

Miyerkoles ng Abo
Miyerkoles ng Abo#Tagalog


labag

labag sa kanyang kalooban

Labag sa ordinansa ng bayan ang paninigarilyo kung saan-saan.

Smoking anywhere is violative of the local ordinance.

violating; violative; unlawful; illegal; illicit


labag

breaking; violation; infraction (of law, rule, etc.)


mangagat

tl-verb

mangagát (complete nangagat, progressive nangangagat, contemplative mangangagat, 3rd actor trigger, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜅᜄᜆ᜔)

mangagát (canonical)
nangagat (completive)
nangangagat (progressive)
mangangagat (contemplative)
ᜋᜅᜄᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
mang- (affix)
ᜋᜅ᜔ (affix)
kagat (root)
ᜃᜄᜆ᜔ (root)
actor (focus)
kapangangagat (completive formal past past-recent)
ᜃᜉᜅᜅᜄᜆ᜔ (completive formal past past-recent)
pangagat (formal imperative)
ᜉ ᜅᜄᜆ᜔ (formal imperative)
kakapangagat (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜃᜉᜅᜄᜆ᜔ (completive informal past past-recent)
kapapangagat (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜉᜉᜅᜄᜆ᜔ (completive informal past past-recent)
pangagat (imperative informal)
ᜉ ᜅᜄᜆ᜔ (imperative informal)

tl-infl-table

mangagat

kakapangagat
 ᜃᜃᜉᜅᜄᜆ᜔
kapapangagat
 ᜃᜉᜉᜅᜄᜆ᜔

[mɐ.ŋɐˈɣat̪̚]


Amerikana

[ʔɐ.mɛ.ɾɪˈxaː.n̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish americana. By surface analysis, Amerika + -ana.

female equivalent of Amerikano: female American


gradweyt

tl-noun

gradweyt (Baybayin spelling ᜄ᜔ᜇᜇ᜔ᜏᜒᜌ᜔ᜆ᜔)

ᜄ᜔ᜇᜇ᜔ᜏᜒᜌ᜔ᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from English graduate. The basketball slang is a pun on the sixth grade of the Philippine elementary education system and the six fouls for a player to be removed from the game.

graduate (person who has completed any level of education)


gradweyt

ᜄ᜔ᜇᜇ᜔ᜏᜒᜌ᜔ᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)


tisod

stumble; trip (of one's toes against something)

act of pushing or shoving something on the ground with one's toes


tisod

prone to having one's toes stubbed or tripped on something


manilip

tl-verb

manilip (complete nanilip, progressive naninilip, contemplative maninilip, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜈᜒᜎᜒᜉ᜔)

nanilip (completive)
naninilip (progressive)
maninilip (contemplative)
ᜋᜈᜒᜎᜒᜉ᜔ (Baybayin)
silip (root)
manilip (infinitive root trigger-actor)
nanilip (completive root trigger-actor)
naninilip (progressive trigger-actor)
maninilip (contemplative trigger-actor)
kapaninilip (completive formal past past-recent trigger-actor)
kakapanilip (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapapanilip (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
silipan (infinitive root trigger-object)
sinilipan (completive root trigger-object)
sinisilipan (progressive trigger-object)
inasilipan (dialectal progressive trigger-object)
sisilipan (contemplative trigger-object)
asilipan (contemplative dialectal trigger-object)
panilipan (infinitive root trigger-locative)
pinanilipan (completive root trigger-locative)
pinaninilipan (progressive trigger-locative)
pinapanilipan (progressive trigger-locative)
paninilipan (contemplative trigger-locative)
papanilipan (contemplative trigger-locative)
ipanilip (benefactive infinitive root)
ipinanilip (benefactive completive root)
ipinapanilip (benefactive progressive)
ipapanilip (benefactive contemplative)
ipansilip (infinitive root trigger-instrument)
ipinansilip (completive root trigger-instrument)
ipinapansilip (progressive trigger-instrument)
ipapansilip (contemplative trigger-instrument)
ikapanilip (infinitive root trigger-causative)
ikinapanilip (completive root trigger-causative)
ikinapaninilip (formal progressive trigger-causative)
ikinakapanilip (progressive trigger-causative)
ikapaninilip (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
ikakapanilip (contemplative trigger-causative)
magpasilip (infinitive trigger-actor)
nagpasilip (completive trigger-actor)
nagpapasilip (progressive trigger-actor)
magpapasilip (contemplative trigger-actor)
kapasisilip (completive formal past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapapasilip (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapagpapasilip (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kakapasilip (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
papanilipin (actor-secondary infinitive)
pinapanilip (actor-secondary completive)
pinapapanilip (actor-secondary progressive)
papapanilipin (actor-secondary contemplative)
pasilipan (infinitive trigger-object)
pinasilipan (completive trigger-object)
pinapasilipan (progressive trigger-object)
pinasisilipan (progressive trigger-object)
papasilipan (contemplative trigger-object)
pasisilipan (contemplative trigger-object)
ipagpasilip (benefactive infinitive)
ipinagpasilip (benefactive completive)
ipinagpapasilip (benefactive formal progressive)
ipinapagpasilip (benefactive progressive)
ipagpapasilip (benefactive contemplative formal)
ipapagpasilip (benefactive contemplative)
ipapanilip (benefactive infinitive)
ipinapanilip (benefactive completive)
ipinapapanilip (benefactive progressive)
ipapapanilip (benefactive contemplative)
ikapagpapanilip (infinitive trigger-causative)
ikinapagpapanilip (completive trigger-causative)
ikinapagpapapanilip (formal progressive trigger-causative)
ikinakapagpapanilip (progressive trigger-causative)
ikapagpapapanilip (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
ikakapagpapanilip (contemplative trigger-causative)
papanilipan (infinitive trigger-locative)
pinapanilipan (completive trigger-locative)
pinapapanilipan (progressive trigger-locative)
papapanilipan (contemplative trigger-locative)
makapanilip (infinitive trigger-actor)
nakapanilip (completive trigger-actor)
nakapaninilip (formal progressive trigger-actor)
nakakapanilip (progressive trigger-actor)
makapaninilip (contemplative formal trigger-actor)
makakapanilip (contemplative trigger-actor)
masilipan (infinitive trigger-object)
nasilipan (completive trigger-object)
nasisilipan (progressive trigger-object)
masisilipan (contemplative trigger-object)
maipailip (benefactive infinitive)
naipailip (benefactive completive)
naipaiilip (benefactive formal progressive)
naipapailip (benefactive progressive)
naiipailip (benefactive progressive)
maipaiilip (benefactive contemplative formal)
maipapailip (benefactive contemplative)
maiipailip (benefactive contemplative)
maikapailip (infinitive trigger-causative)
naikapailip (completive trigger-causative)
naikapaiilip (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naikapapailip (progressive trigger-causative)
naiikapailip (progressive trigger-causative)
maikapaiilip (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
maikapapailip (contemplative trigger-causative)
maiikapailip (contemplative trigger-causative)
maipailip (infinitive trigger-causative)
naipailip (completive trigger-causative)
naipaiilip (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naipapailip (progressive trigger-causative)
naiipailip (progressive trigger-causative)
maipaiilip (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
maipapailip (contemplative trigger-causative)
maiipailip (contemplative trigger-causative)
mapailipan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napailipan (completive trigger-locative)
napaiilipan (formal progressive trigger-locative)
napapailipan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapaiilipan (contemplative formal trigger-locative)
mapapailipan (contemplative trigger-locative)
makapagpasilip (infinitive trigger-actor)
nakapagpasilip (completive trigger-actor)
nakapagpapasilip (formal progressive trigger-actor)
nakakapagpasilip (progressive trigger-actor)
makapagpapasilip (contemplative formal trigger-actor)
makakapagpasilip (contemplative trigger-actor)
mapapanilipan (actor-secondary infinitive)
napapanilipan (actor-secondary completive)
napapapanilipan (actor-secondary progressive)
mapapapanilipan (actor-secondary contemplative)
mapasilipan (infinitive trigger-object)
napasilipan (completive trigger-object)
napasisilipan (formal progressive trigger-object)
napapasilipan (progressive trigger-object)
mapasisilipan (contemplative formal trigger-object)
mapapasilipan (contemplative trigger-object)
maipagpasilip (benefactive infinitive)
naipagpasilip (benefactive completive)
naipagpapasilip (benefactive formal progressive)
naipapagpasilip (benefactive progressive)
naiipagpasilip (benefactive progressive)
maipagpapasilip (benefactive contemplative formal)
maipapagpasilip (benefactive contemplative)
maiipagpasilip (benefactive contemplative)
maipapanilip (benefactive infinitive)
naipapanilip (benefactive completive)
naipapapanilip (benefactive progressive)
naiipapanilip (benefactive progressive)
maipapapanilip (benefactive contemplative)
maiipapanilip (benefactive contemplative)
maikapagpapanilip (infinitive trigger-causative)
naikapagpapanilip (completive trigger-causative)
naikapagpapapanilip (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naikakapagpapanilip (progressive trigger-causative)
naiikapagpapanilip (progressive trigger-causative)
maikapagpapapanilip (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
maikakapagpapanilip (contemplative trigger-causative)
maiikapagpapanilip (contemplative trigger-causative)
mapapanilipan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napapanilipan (completive trigger-locative)
napapapanilipan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapapapanilipan (contemplative trigger-locative)
makipanilip (direct infinitive)
nakipanilip (completive direct)
nakikipanilip (direct progressive)
makikipanilip (contemplative direct)
makipagpasilip (indirect infinitive)
nakipagpasilip (completive indirect)
nakikipagpasilip (indirect progressive)
makikipagpasilip (contemplative indirect)

to peep, especially as an act of cheating (as in an examination) or voyeurism


haybol

From backslang of bahay, with influence of English highball as an opposite to English lowball, due to the typical high prices of houses.


asim

From Proto-Central Philippine *qalsəm with elision of /l/, from Proto-Philippine *qalsəm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaləsəm. Compare Kapampangan aslam, Bikol Central alsom, Aklanon aslom, Cebuano aslom, Ilocano alsem, Limos Kalinga alsom (“pomelo”), Malay asam, Maranao asem, Tausug asam (“tamarind”). The sense “sex appeal” was attributed to be popularized by Madam Auring.

(figuratively, colloquial) sex appeal (especially of a woman of age)


wasiwas

waving or flaunting motion (as of a flag in the air)

act of waving or flourishing (a flag, handkerchief, etc.)


bulagta

act of lying flat with the face up and limbs stretched


tihaya

flat on one's back; lying flat with the face or ventral side up

with the top or mouth up (of receptacles or containers)


tihaya

position of a receptacle or container with the top or mouth up

(games) obverse; face-up (of cards); heads (in heads or tails)


agwamarina

[ʔɐɡ.wɐ.mɐˈɾiː.n̪ɐ]


Capiz

Borrowed from Spanish Cápiz, from Capiznon kapis.

Capiz (a province of Western Visayas, Visayas, Philippines, on northern Panay island; capital and largest city: Roxas)

Capiz (a historical province of Visayas, Philippines; modern Capiz and Aklan; capital: Capiz)

Capiz (a historical municipality, the provincial capital of Capiz, Visayas, Philippines; modern Roxas)


potostat

pótostát (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜆᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from English photostat, a genericized trademark brand, Photostat.

a photostat; a photocopy made using a Photostat machine


maano

From ma- + ano (“what; something”). For sense “how's it going?”, compare Hiligaynon maano (“what will you do?”).

Maano ang ahas na iyan. Huwag kang lumapit.

That snake is full of something. Don't come close to it.

having much of an indefinite quality or quantity (which would be understood in context between speakers)


maano

maanó (complete naano, progressive naaano, contemplative maaano, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜀᜈᜓ)

maanó (canonical)
naano (completive)
naaano (progressive)
maaano (contemplative)
ᜋᜀᜈᜓ (Baybayin)

Hindi ka niya maano ngayon.

Paano kung maano ka diyan.

to have something happen to someone or something else


maano

Maanong manalo tayo bukas.

expression of a wish: may; would (usually with ligature -ng)

Maanong tumulong ka.

Maano kung mayaman man siya?

so what; even if (usually with ligature kung)

Maano ang ama mo?

Maano ka?

(dialectal, Southern Tagalog) how's it going? how are you?


bondying

bondyíng (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)

After the titular character of the comic book Bondying.

(colloquial) childish person; immature person that never grew pass childhood


kalandra

Possibly from the following:
* Borrowed from Malay keranda (“coffin”), Pali karaṇḍa (“basket”), from Sanskrit करण्ड (karaṇḍa, “bamboo box; basket; piece of wood”).
* Borrowed from Spanish calandra (“radiator grill”), from French calandre (“radiator grill, on a car”), from Medieval Latin calandrus, ultimately from Ancient Greek κύλινδρος (kúlindros). Doublet of kalanda, silindro, and silinder.


kakainin

From kain (“to eat”) + -in (nominalizing suffix), with partial reduplication.


kugon

tl-noun

kugon or kugón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜄᜓᜈ᜔)

kugon (canonical)
kugón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜄᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From Proto-Philippine *guʀun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *guʀun.

Imperata cylindrica
Imperata cylindrica#Translingual


diri

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zizi (“disgusted; revolted”). Cognate with Malay jijik and Javanese ꦗꦶꦗꦶꦏ꧀ (jijik).

inh

disgust; revulsion; dislike of something dirty or foul


diri

disgusted; feeling revulsion for something dirty or foul


tangkilik

protégé (someone placed under the protection of a friend or patron)


lamukos

tl-adj

lamukos or lamukós (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜋᜓᜃᜓᜐ᜔)

lamukos (canonical)
lamukós (canonical)
ᜎᜋᜓᜃᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


kapakanan

From earlier kapakan-an, syncopic form of kapakanaan, from pakana + ka- -an.


hinaing

[hɪ.n̪ɐˈʔiŋ]

supplication; entreaty; humble and earnest request


Puti

Alternative letter-case form of puti: white person; a Caucasian


paghinalaan

tl-verb

paghinalaan (complete pinaghinalaan, progressive pinaghihinalaan, contemplative paghihinalaan, 5th object trigger, Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜑᜒᜈᜎᜀᜈ᜔)

pinaghinalaan (completive)
pinaghihinalaan (progressive)
paghihinalaan (contemplative)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜑᜒᜈᜎᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
nala (root)
reference (focus)
paghinalaan (infinitive)
pinaghinalaan (completive root)
pinapaghinalaan (progressive root)
pinaghihinalaan (progressive root)
papaghinalaan (contemplative)
paghihinalaan (contemplative)

paghinalaan


silid-aralan

tl-noun

silíd-aralán (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜀᜇᜎᜈ᜔)

silíd-aralán (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜀᜇᜎᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


kumpiska

kumpiská (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜃ (Baybayin)


palaboy

allowed or free to graze, feed, or forage anywhere (of animals)


punong ehekutibo

punong ehekutibo (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜈᜓᜅ᜔ ᜁᜑᜒᜃᜓᜆᜒᜊᜓ)

ᜉᜓᜈᜓᜅ᜔ ᜁᜑᜒᜃᜓᜆᜒᜊᜓ (Baybayin)


Gitnang Silangan

tl-proper noun

Gitnáng Silangan (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜐᜒᜎᜅᜈ᜔)

Gitnáng Silangan (canonical)
ᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜐᜒᜎᜅᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ɡɪt̪ˌn̪an̪ sɪˈlaː.ŋɐn̪]


Timog-Silangang Asya

Timog-Silangang Asya (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜋᜓᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜎᜅᜅ᜔ ᜀᜐ᜔ᜌ)

ᜆᜒᜋᜓᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜎᜅᜅ᜔ ᜀᜐ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)

[ˌt̪iː.moɡ sɪˌlaː.ŋɐŋ ˈʔaː.ʃɐ]


kumprontasyon

tl-noun

kumprontasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

kumprontasyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Sa mabilis na mga pangyayaring nasaksihan ng makabayang kabataan sa Manila, ang komprontasyon ng mga estudyanteng radikal at imbing pulisya ng pasistang gobyerno ng mayayaman ay sagisag ng giyera o digmaan ng dalawang pangkat sa sosyedad: ang klase ng mapang-aping oligarko na kasabwat ng imperyalismong U.S., at ang klase ng progresibong intelektuwal na nasa pambungad na hanay ng armi ng manggagawa't magbubukid.

1971, Rogelio G. Mangahas, Mga duguang plakard, at iba pang tula:


manonood

mánonoód (canonical)
ᜋᜈᜓᜈᜓᜂᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

From man- + nood with reduplication of the root.


manonood

manónoód (canonical)
ᜋᜈᜓᜈᜓᜂᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

From ma- + nood with reduplication of the root.


awtorisado

tl-adj

awtorisado (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜏ᜔ᜆᜓᜇᜒᜐᜇᜓ)

ᜀᜏ᜔ᜆᜓᜇᜒᜐᜇᜓ (Baybayin)


alkalde

Borrowed from Spanish alcalde, from Old Spanish alcalde, alcalle, from Arabic اَلْقَاضِي (al-qāḍī, “the judge”). Compare Malay kadi.


awtorisasyon

tl-noun

awtorisasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜏ᜔ᜆᜓᜇᜒᜐᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

awtorisasyón (canonical)
ᜀᜏ᜔ᜆᜓᜇᜒᜐᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


albahaka

Borrowed from Spanish albahaca, from Old Spanish albafaca, from Arabic الْحَبَق (al-ḥabaq, “basil”).

basil (plant and its leaves used as an herb)


komentaryo

komentaryo (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


pandong

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *panduŋ.


koordinasyon

koordinasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜂᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜈᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

koordinasyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜂᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜈᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish coordinación, from Latin coōrdinātiōnem.


Kanluran

several locations in the Philippines named due to being a western area of a place:

A barangay of Rosario, Cavite, Philippines

A barangay of Calauan, Laguna, Philippines

A barangay of Santa Rosa, Laguna, Philippines

Occidental Mindoro
Occidental Mindoro#English

A barangay of Looc, Occidental Mindoro, Philippines


lusaw

melting; liquefying; dissolving (of ice, etc.)


lusaw

melted; liquefied; dissolved (of ice, etc.)


balibago

Talipariti tiliaceum
Talipariti tiliaceum#Translingual

sea hibiscus; cottonwood hibiscus (Talipariti tiliaceum)


tamban

Sardinella longiceps
Wikispecies:Sardinella longiceps

Indian oil sardine (Sardinella longiceps)

Sardinella albella
Wikispecies:Sardinella albella


anahaw

[ʔɐˈn̪aː.haʊ̯]

round-leaf fountain palm (Saribus rotundifolius)


misis

From pronunciation spelling of English Mrs.


kasoy

From Mexican Spanish casui, from Portuguese acaju, from Old Tupi akaîu. Compare Bikol Central kasoy, Cebuano kasoy, and Hiligaynon kasoy.


rehabilitasyon

rehabilitasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜑᜊᜒᜎᜒᜆᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

rehabilitasyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜑᜊᜒᜎᜒᜆᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish rehabilitación, but with the silent ⟨h⟩ pronounced as /h/, most likely due to English influence (compare alkohol, hedonismo, Hispanismo, Hinduismo, homiliya, nihilismo).

rehabilitation (restoration to a former standard, rank, etc.)

rehabilitation (restoration to good condition)


bansalagin

bansalagín (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜈ᜔ᜐᜎᜄᜒᜈ᜔)

bansalagín (canonical)
ᜊᜈ᜔ᜐᜎᜄᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Manilkara kurziana (a species of evergreen tree)


tanggi

denial; refusal (to admit or tell the truth)


Bulalacao

Hispanicized spelling of bulalakaw (“meteor”).

Oriental Mindoro
Oriental Mindoro#English

A municipality of Oriental Mindoro, Philippines


Maliksi

See Malicsi.
* (surname): Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Malicsi; K spelling being a indigenization mostly adapted by nationalists and revolutionaries before and during the Philippine Revolution.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Cavite


sailalim

act of being placed under a process, system, etc. (usually used in compounds)

condition of being under a process, system, etc. (usually used in compounds)

(figurative) condition of being under the control of someone (usually used in compounds)


Paligsahan

tl-proper noun

Paligsahan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜒᜄ᜔ᜐᜑᜈ᜔)

A barangay of Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines


Huling Paghuhukom

Hulíng Paghuhukóm (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜓᜎᜒᜅ᜔ ᜉᜄ᜔ᜑᜓᜑᜓᜃᜓᜋ᜔)

Hulíng Paghuhukóm (canonical)
ᜑᜓᜎᜒᜅ᜔ ᜉᜄ᜔ᜑᜓᜑᜓᜃᜓᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)


pursigi

Borrowed from Spanish perseguir, from Latin persequī. Doublet of persigi.


rekomenda

rekomendá (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜃᜓᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜇ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish recomendar (“to recommend”).


Araw ng Paghuhukom

tl-noun

Araw ng Paghuhukóm (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜏ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜉᜄ᜔ᜑᜓᜑᜓᜃᜓᜋ᜔)

Araw ng Paghuhukóm (canonical)
ᜀᜇᜏ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜉᜄ᜔ᜑᜓᜑᜓᜃᜓᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)


Pasko ng Pagkabuhay

tl-proper noun

Paskó ng Pagkabuhay (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜐ᜔ᜃᜓ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔)

Paskó ng Pagkabuhay (canonical)
ᜉᜐ᜔ᜃᜓ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


bigkas

recitation; declamation (of a poem, text, etc.)


punong tanggapan

tl-noun

punong tanggapan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜈᜓᜅ᜔ ᜆᜅ᜔ᜄᜉᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜓᜈᜓᜅ᜔ ᜆᜅ᜔ᜄᜉᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


bataw

Borrowed from Hokkien 肉豆 (bah-tāu). Compare Hiligaynon bat-aw.

Lablab purpureus
Lablab purpureus#Translingual


Antique

[ʔɐn̪ˈt̪iː.xɛ]

From Spanish Antique, from Hiligaynon hantik.

San Jose de Buenavista
San Jose de Buenavista#English

A province of Western Visayas, Visayas, Philippines. Capital: San Jose de Buenavista


ika-

ika- + dalawa (“two”) → ikalawa (“second”)

ika- + lima (“five”) → ikalima (“five o'clock”)


ika-

ika- + galit (“anger”) → ikagalit (“to cause one's anger”)

ika- + galak (“delight”) → ikagalak (“to cause one's gladness”)


hagunoy

[hɐˈɣuː.n̪oɪ̯]

Melanthera biflora
Wikispecies:Melanthera biflora


Luansing

Luansíng (canonical)
ᜎᜓᜏᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


inisyatibo

inisyatibo (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜆᜒᜊᜓ)

ᜁᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜆᜒᜊᜓ (Baybayin)

Most likely a pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English initiative, and influenced by Spanish -o.

pseudo-loan

Isang bagay ang sigurado sa papaano man, at ito ay kung lubusan nating ipagwawalang-bahala ang mga bagong tunguhin, malamang na tayo na rin ang nanganganib na magbitiw ng inisyatibo ng pag-aaral ng ating sariling kasaysayan sa mga...

Alternative form of inisyatiba: initiative


pribilehiyo

tl-noun

pribiléhiyó (Baybayin spelling ᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜊᜒᜎᜒᜑᜒᜌᜓ)

pribiléhiyó (canonical)
ᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜊᜒᜎᜒᜑᜒᜌᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish privilegio, from Latin prīvilēgium.


Cajucom

Hispanized spelling of ka- + hukom (“judge”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Cahocom, since displaced. Spelling is a further Hispanization due to ⟨h⟩ being silent in Spanish.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Nueva Ecija


Mabilangan

From mabilangan (“to be counted for”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Batangas and Laguna


Purificacion

tl-proper noun

Purificación (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜇᜒᜉᜒᜃᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

Purificación (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜇᜒᜉᜒᜃᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish Purificación, after the epithet of the Virgin Mary, María (de la) Purificación).


anib

[ˈʔaː.n̪ɪb̚]

joining as a member (of a union, organization, etc.)


Guidote

[ɡɪˈd̪oː.t̪ɛ]


Pagcaliuangan

Pagcaliuangán (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜎᜒᜏᜅ᜔ᜄᜈ᜔)

Pagcaliuangán (canonical)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜎᜒᜏᜅ᜔ᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


Boac

From Cebuano buak (“divided; broken”), from Proto-Central Philippine *bəʔak. Compare Tagalog biyak.

Boac (a municipality, the capital of Marinduque, Mimaropa, Philippines)


Arambulo

Arámbuló (canonical)
ᜀᜇᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜎᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish Arámbulo, probably a corruption of Arámburu. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, mostly concentrated in Rizal


balasa

Borrowed from Early Modern Spanish baraja (“deck of cards”), from barajar (“to shuffle”). Doublet of baraha, a later borrowing from Spanish baraja.


Bacolod

Borrowed from Spanish Bacólod, from Hiligaynon bakolod (“hill”).

Negros Occidental
Negros Occidental#English

Bacolod (a city, the provincial capital of Negros Occidental, Western Visayas, Philippines)


tukso

Compare Bikol Central tukso (“curse”), Hiligaynon tokso (“question; inquiry”), and Kapampangan tuksu.


Manguerra

[mɐŋˈɡɛː.ɾɐ]

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname, mostly concentrated in Batangas and Laguna


Fajiculay

Fajiculáy (canonical)
ᜉᜑᜒᜃᜓᜎᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


Manaig

[mɐ.n̪ɐˈʔiɡ̚]


Cesneros

ᜐᜒᜐ᜔ᜈᜒᜇᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Illiterate transcription of Spanish Cisneros.


Herminio

ᜑᜒᜇ᜔ᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


talakayan

discussion; exchange of opinions (about a certain subject)


Marinduque

tl-proper noun

Marinduque (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜃᜒ)

Borrowed from Spanish Marinduque, from either Tagalog malindig (“stand tall”) or Cebuano malindog (“elegant”), in reference to a potentially active volcano in the southern section of the island, Mount Malindig.

A province of Mimaropa, Luzon, Philippines. Capital: Boac


Iligan

[ʔɪˈliː.ɣɐn̪]

Iligan (a city in Lanao del Norte, Philippines)


Sampaloc

Sampaloc (a district of Manila, Philippines)

Sampaloc (a municipality of Quezon, Philippines)


Rubilyn

Rúbilýn (canonical)
ᜇᜓᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌ᜔ᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


laksamana

Borrowed from Malay laksamana, from Sanskrit लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa).


Malikdim

Malikdím (canonical)
ᜋᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)


Pedregal

Pedregál (canonical)
ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜄᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


kumbinsi

kumbinsí (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish convencer, from Latin convincere.


delos Reyes

delós Reyes (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜎᜓᜐ᜔ ᜇᜒᜌᜒᜐ᜔)

delós Reyes (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜎᜓᜐ᜔ ᜇᜒᜌᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish de los Reyes (literally “of the [Three] Kings”), a reference to the Magi.


Callao

From a cognate of kalaw (“rufous hornbill”). Compare Ilocano kallaw (“kind of large yellow waterbird with a long neck”) and Isnag kallaw (“hornbill”).

cog

Yungib ng Callao
Yungib ng Callao#Tagalog

Ellipsis of Yungib ng Callao; a cave in Luzon, Philippines


karatig

[kɐˈɾaː.t̪ɪɡ̚]


bagamat

From bagama't, contraction of bagaman + at.


patalsik

patalsík (canonical)
ᜉᜆᜎ᜔ᜐᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)


nito

Possibly from ng + ito. See also ng (n-ang), ni (n-i), niyan (n-iyan), and other Tagalog demonstrative pronouns.


una sa lahat

tl-adv

una sa lahát (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜈ ᜐ ᜎᜑᜆ᜔)

una sa lahát (canonical)
ᜂᜈ ᜐ ᜎᜑᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ˌʔuː.n̪ɐ sɐ lɐˈhat̪̚]


kunsinti

kunsintí (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)


ngatngat

[ŋɐt̪ˈŋat̪̚]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ŋatŋat (“to chew off”). Compare also Ilocano ngatingat.


lunod

From Proto-Philippine *lunud, from Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ləñəj. Compare Ilocano lunod, Pangasinan lener, Bikol Central lunod, Hanunoo lunod, Cebuano lunod, Waray-Waray lunod, Mansaka lunud, and Western Bukidnon Manobo lened.

(figuratively) overwhelming; condition of being overwhelmed

(figuratively, obsolete) setting (of the sun or the moon)


dukot

act of drawing out something from a pocket or bag


Elenita

[ʔɛ.lɛˈn̪iː.t̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish, diminutive of Elena.

a diminutive of the female given name Elena, from Spanish


Jovencio

Jovénció (canonical)
ᜑᜓᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


paslang

Possibly from Hokkien 拍死人 (phah-sí lāng, “to beat people to death”) according to Chan-Yap (1980) and Manuel (1948).


mayapis

Shorea palosapis, a tree endemic to the Philippines


maghigpit ng sinturon

tl-verb

maghigpít ng sinturón (complete naghigpit ng sinturon, progressive naghihigpit ng sinturon, contemplative maghihigpit ng sinturon, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄ᜔ᜑᜒᜄ᜔ᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜇᜓᜈ᜔)

maghigpít ng sinturón (canonical)
naghigpit ng sinturon (completive)
naghihigpit ng sinturon (progressive)
maghihigpit ng sinturon (contemplative)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜑᜒᜄ᜔ᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜇᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[mɐɡ.hɪɡˌpit̪ n̪ɐn̪ sɪn̪.t̪ʊˈɾon̪]

Probably a calque of Spanish apretarse el cinturón.


babuyan

tl-noun

babuyan or babuyán (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜊᜓᜌᜈ᜔)

babuyan (canonical)
babuyán (canonical)
ᜊᜊᜓᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From baboy + -an. Compare Amis fafoyan, Cebuano baboyan, and Masbatenyo babuyan.


salakot

→ Spanish: salacot

salakot (traditional lightweight headgear in the Philippines)


katayan

katayán or kátáyan (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜆᜌᜈ᜔)

katayán (canonical)
kátáyan (canonical)
ᜃᜆᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

time at which animals are ordinarily butchered or slaughtered


larangan

[lɐˈɾaː.ŋɐn̪]

field of action; field of endeavor (in sports, arts, letters, etc.)


asikaso

Borrowed from Spanish hacer caso (“to pay attention”, literally “make a case”).


sawsawan

tl-verb

sawsawán (complete sinawsawan, progressive sinasawsawan, contemplative sasawsawan, Baybayin spelling ᜐᜏ᜔ᜐᜏᜈ᜔)

sawsawán (canonical)
sinawsawan (completive)
sinasawsawan (progressive)
sasawsawan (contemplative)
ᜐᜏ᜔ᜐᜏᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
sawsaw (root)
sawsawan (infinitive)
sinawsawan (completive root)
sinasawsawan (progressive root)
inasawsawan (dialectal progressive root)
sasawsawan (contemplative objective)
asawsawan (contemplative dialectal objective)
sawsawi (dialectal imperative objective)

sawsawan


kumitil ng buhay

kumitíl ng buhay (complete kumitil ng buhay, progressive kumikitil ng buhay, contemplative kikitil ng buhay, Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔)

kumitíl ng buhay (canonical)
kumitil ng buhay (completive)
kumikitil ng buhay (progressive)
kikitil ng buhay (contemplative)
ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
-um- (affix)
ᜓᜋ᜔ (affix)
kitil ng buhay (root)
ᜃᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔ (root)
actor (focus)
kakikitil ng buhay (completive formal past past-recent)
ᜃᜃᜒᜃᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔ (completive formal past past-recent)
kumitil ng buhay (formal imperative)
ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔ (formal imperative)
kitil ng buhay (dialectal formal imperative)
ᜃᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔ (formal imperative)
kakakitil ng buhay (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜃᜃᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔ (completive informal past past-recent)
kumitil ng buhay (imperative informal)
ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔ (imperative informal)
kitil ng buhay (dialectal imperative informal)
ᜃᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔ (imperative informal)

tl-infl-table

kumitil ng buhay

kumitil ng buhay
 ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔

kumitil ng buhay
 ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔
kungmitil ng buhay¹
ᜃᜓᜅ᜔ᜋᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔

kumikitil ng buhay
ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜃᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔
kungmikitil ng buhay¹
 ᜃᜓᜅ᜔ᜋᜒᜃᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔
nakitil ng buhay²
ᜈ ᜃᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔

kikitil ng buhay
 ᜃᜒᜃᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔
makitil ng buhay²
ᜋ ᜃᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔

kakikitil ng buhay
 ᜃᜃᜒᜃᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔

kakakitil ng buhay
ᜃᜃᜃᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔

kumitil ng buhay
 ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔
kitil ng buhay²
ᜃᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔

kitil ng buhay
ᜃᜒᜆᜒᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔

¹Now archaic in Modern Tagalog.
²Dialectal use only.

kumitil ng buhay
kumitil ng buhay#Tagalog


Gomburza

Initial clipping abbreviation of Gomez, Burgos, Zamora, surnames of the three priests.

(historical) Mariano Gómez, José Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora (three Filipino Catholic priests executed through the garrote in 1872)


tagapagsaliksik

tl-noun

tagapágsaliksík (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜄᜉᜄ᜔ᜐᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜃ᜔)

tagapágsaliksík (canonical)
ᜆᜄᜉᜄ᜔ᜐᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)


tubuhan

From tubo + -han. Compare Cebuano tubohan.


sawsaw

From Proto-Philippine *sawsáw (“to dip in liquid”). Compare Cebuano sawsaw. For the sense “meddling”, compare Spanish salsear (“to meddle; to gossip”).

ncog

dipping into water (as of one's limbs, etc.)


larang

Compare Malay ladang (“farmfield, estate, plantation”).


Sorsogon

Sorsogón (canonical)
ᜐᜓᜇ᜔ᜐᜓᜄᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Sorsogon Province (a province of the Bicol Region, Luzon, Philippines; capital and largest city: Sorsogon City)

Sorsogon City (a city, the provincial capital of Sorsogon, Bicol Region, Luzon, Philippines)


tangkay

stem; stalk; petiole; peduncle (of a flower or leaf)


lagundi

[lɐ.ɣʊn̪ˈd̪iʔ]

Borrowed from Malay legundi, from Sanskrit निर्गुण्डी (nirguṇḍī, “five-leaved chaste tree”).

der

Vitex negundo
Vitex negundo#Translingual


linlang

Compare Hokkien 凌人 (lêng-lâng, “to bully; to intimidate”).


Junard

[ˈd͡ʒuː.n̪ɐɹd̪]

From Jun + -ard. Influenced by names such as Bernard or Leonard.

a male given name originating as a coinage


lagabag

[lɐ.ɣɐˈbaɡ̚]

Possibly onomatopoeic. Attested since the 1980s.


kabanata

Possibly from ka- + banata (“measure of the length of the fence to be cut; divisions of fish corrals”).


balibag

From Proto-Southern Philippine *balibaʀ (“throw”).

throw; cast (of objects such as poles, sticks, bamboos, etc.)


tustos

act of providing support or subsistence (to a person, institution, etc.)

act of supplying with materials or other needs (of a factory, etc.)

act of releasing the length of a string or rope (as when flying a kite)


Magbuhos

From magbuhos (“to pour”).
Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Magbojos. Spelling is an indigenization that largely displaced the original spelling per the Catálogo.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Oriental Mindoro, Batangas and Bulacan


pagkakaisa

pagkakáisá (canonical)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜃᜁᜐ (Baybayin)

From pag- + kaisa, with reduplication of first syllable on root word, or pagkaka- + isa.


pamilihan

pámilíhan (canonical)
ᜉᜋᜒᜎᜒᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


pamunuan

pámunuán (canonical)
ᜉᜋᜓᜈᜓᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

management; administration; board of officers

Limonia acidissima
Limonia acidissima#Translingual

(botany) wood apple (Limonia acidissima)


pamunuan

tl-verb

pamunuan (complete pinamunuan, progressive pinamumunuan, contemplative pamumunuan, Baybayin spelling ᜉᜋᜓᜈᜓᜀᜈ᜔)

pinamunuan (completive)
pinamumunuan (progressive)
pamumunuan (contemplative)
ᜉᜋᜓᜈᜓᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


santabi

From san- + tabi, but possibly a back-formation from isantabi.


paliban

paliban (complete pinaliban, progressive pinapaliban, contemplative papaliban, Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜒᜊᜈ᜔)

pinaliban (completive)
pinapaliban (progressive)
papaliban (contemplative)
ᜉᜎᜒᜊᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

(informal) Nonstandard form of ipaliban.


binta

vinta (traditional outrigger boat from Mindanao)


pag-

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paʀ-. Cognate with Cebuano pag-, and Malay per- and Indonesian per-.

pag- + gawa (“make”) → paggawa (“making”)

pag- + basa (“read”) → pagbasa (“reading”)

the act of doing the action expressed by the root; or, the manner in which the action expressed by the root is performed


pag-

pag- + aral (“study”) → pag-aaral (“studying habitually”)

pag- + basa (“read”) → pagbabasa (“reading habitually”)

(with syllable reduplication) the act of doing the action expressed by the root repeatedly or habitually


pag-

From pag (“if”), which is a clipping of kapag (“if”), which is a clipping of kapagka (“if”).

pag-alis nila

pagbalik nila

when; at (or as soon as) that time that; if


gapos

From Proto-Philippine *ʀapus (“to tie or bind the hands or feet”) (cf. Bikol Central maggapos, Tausug gapus), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀapus (cf. Malay merapus).

inh

object used to bind someone's arms, hands, or legs (such as rope, wire, cord, etc.)

binding of someone's arms, hands, or legs


gapos

bound; tied (of one's arms, hands, or legs)


heke

Borrowed from Spanish jeque. Doublet of siyak.


salasa

reckless or fearless plunging or rushing forward (as into a crowd)


suskrisyon

tl-noun

suskrisyón (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜐ᜔ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

suskrisyón (canonical)
ᜐᜓᜐ᜔ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


magbawas

tl-verb

magbawás (complete nagbawas, progressive nagbabawas, contemplative magbabawas, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄ᜔ᜊᜏᜐ᜔)

magbawás (canonical)
nagbawas (completive)
nagbabawas (progressive)
magbabawas (contemplative)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜊᜏᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


tawag ng kalikasan

tl-noun

tawag ng kalikasan (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜏᜄ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜃᜎᜒᜃᜐᜈ᜔)

ᜆᜏᜄ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜃᜎᜒᜃᜐᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

(humorous, euphemistic) call of nature (bodily urge to urinate or defecate)


barya

From an earlier variant, bariya, from Early Modern Spanish barilla which used to refer to the Spanish-era copper coins minted in the Philippines.
Some sources, like Zorc (1979), also suggest it to be from Spanish varia, through variar (“to change; to alter”), which Potet (2016) notes as a mistake during the American colonial era by interpreting the word to mean “to change into small coins; to exchange”. However, Potet (2016) notes that the Spanish term for loose change is Spanish vuelta.

m-g

Barya lang po ang tinatanggap sa umaga.

Only loose change will be accepted in the morning.

loose change (small, loose money in coins or notes of small denominations)


manloloko

From man- + loko, with initial reduplication of the root word.


suyod

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sujud (“fine-toothed lice comb”), possibly borrowed via an intermediary language or existed as *sulod with elision of /l/ becoming /j/ instead of /w/ or /ʔ/. Compare Bikol Central surod and Dupaningan Agta surod.

der

fine-toothed comb for removing lice and nits

(agriculture) harrowing of a plowed or cultivated field

(figurative) combing of a place (to search for something)


suyod

already harrowed (of a cultivated field)

(figurative) thoroughly combed or searched (of a place)


ikasiyam

From ika- + siyam (“nine”). Compare Cebuano ikasiyam.


Misamis Oriental

tl-proper noun

Misamis Orientál (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜒᜐᜋᜒᜐ᜔ ᜂᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜎ᜔)

Misamis Orientál (canonical)
ᜋᜒᜐᜋᜒᜐ᜔ ᜂᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

From Spanish Misamis Oriental, from Misamis + oriental (“eastern”).

Misamis Oriental
Misamis Oriental#English

Northern Mindanao
Northern Mindanao#English

Misamis Oriental (a province of Northern Mindanao, Mindanao, Philippines; capital and largest city: Cagayan de Oro)


Romblon

Romblón (canonical)
ᜇᜓᜋ᜔ᜊ᜔ᜎᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish Romblon, from Romblomanon.

Romblon Province (a province of Mimaropa, Luzon, Philippines; capital: Romblon)

Romblon Island (an island in Luzon, Philippines)

Romblon Municipality (a municipality, the capital of Romblon, Mimaropa, Luzon, Philippines)


Miyerkules Santo

Miyérkulés Santo (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜒᜌᜒᜇ᜔ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜐ᜔ ᜐᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ)

Miyérkulés Santo (canonical)
ᜋᜒᜌᜒᜇ᜔ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜐ᜔ ᜐᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)

Miyerkoles Santo
Miyerkoles Santo#Tagalog


Cobarrubias

Cobarrubias (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜊᜇᜓᜊ᜔ᜌᜐ᜔)

ᜃᜓᜊᜇᜓᜊ᜔ᜌᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

From misspelling of Spanish Covarrubias due to lack of distinction between /b/ and /v/.


diskwento

tl-noun

diskwento (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃ᜔ᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃ᜔ᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of diskuwento.


diskuwento

diskuwento (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of deskuwento.


humaling

obsessed; captivated; extremely fond or fascinated


humaling

obsession; captivation; extreme fondness (for something)


remedyo

[ɾɛˈmɛː.d͡ʒo]


sugpo

already suppressed, controlled, or stopped (usually with na)


ikalabing-isa

tl-adj

ikalabíng-isá (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜅ᜔ᜁᜐ)

ikalabíng-isá (canonical)
ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜅ᜔ᜁᜐ (Baybayin)


bulingbuling

tl-noun

búlingbúling (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜎᜒᜅ᜔ᜊᜓᜎᜒᜅ᜔)

búlingbúling (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜎᜒᜅ᜔ᜊᜓᜎᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


ikatlo

From ika- + tatlo (“three”). Compare Cebuano ikatulo.


bahista

Borrowed from Spanish bajista. By surface analysis, baha + -ista. Doublet of basista.


Dela Fuente

tl-proper noun

Delá Fuente (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜎ ᜉᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ)

Delá Fuente (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜎ ᜉᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)

Alternative letter-case form of dela Fuente


hagupit

Ako'y tulang may hagupit ng latigo, / may talas ng patalim may haplos ng pagmamahal—

1989, Ani: Literary Journal of the Cultural Center of the Philippines, Cultural Center of the Philippines, Volume 3, Issues 1-4

Sa matinding sakit, sinikap ni Crispin na lumaban. Nagsisigaw, naninipa, nagpagulung-gulong sa lapag. Patuloy ang hagupit ng kura. Nagdurugo na ang mga kamay ni Crispin na ginagawang panangga.

2006, Lourdes L. Miranda, Mercedes D. L. Tulaylay, Obra Maestra (Bagong Edisyon): Noli Me Tangere:

Binigyang-diin ni Climate Change Commission (CCC) Secretary Emmanuel De Guzman ang pangangailangan na patatagin ang mga komunidad sa epekto ng nagbabagong panahon upang mapangalagaan ang mga karapatang pantao ng mga maralita na pinakamahina sa matitinding hagupit ng panahon.

Nagbabakasakali siyang dalhin doon ang labi ng kaniyang mga magulang na kabilang sa mga aniya'y nasawi noong kasagsagan ng hagupit ng bagyo.

rage; fury (usually of weather or a storm)


hilod

scrubbing of skin to remove dirt (with a stone, towel, etc.)


Del Rosario

Del Rosario (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜎ᜔ ᜇᜓᜐᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜎ᜔ ᜇᜓᜐᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)

Alternative letter-case form of del Rosario


dayap

From Proto-Austronesian *dalayap with elision of /l/. Compare Cebuano dayap, Hiligaynon dalayap, Ilocano dalayap, Kapampangan dalayap, and Pangasinan dalayap.

Citrus × aurantiifolia
Wikispecies:Citrus × aurantiifolia

key lime, especially the Philippine variety (Citrus × aurantiifolia)

Citrus × microcarpa
Citrus × microcarpa#Translingual

Citrofortunella mitis
Citrofortunella mitis

(western Marinduque) calamondin; calamansi (Citrus × microcarpa, ×Citrofortunella mitis)


kalumpit

kalumpít (canonical)
ᜃᜎᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)


kamuning

Murraya paniculata
Murraya paniculata#Translingual


atsuwete

[ʔɐˈt͡ʃwɛː.t̪ɛ]

[ʔɐˈt̪swɛ.t̪ɛ]

From Philippine Spanish achuete, variant of Mexican Spanish achiote, from Classical Nahuatl āchiyōtl.

Bixa orellana
Bixa orellana#Translingual


anonang

[ʔɐˈn̪oː.n̪ɐŋ]

Compare Cebuano anonang and Malay nunang.


Bongabong

Oriental Mindoro
Oriental Mindoro#English


anilaw

[ʔɐˈn̪iː.laʊ̯]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qanilaw (“a tree; Grewia spp.”), possibly via Cebuano. Compare Malay nilau (“Guioa pubescens”).


De Leon

De León (canonical)
ᜇᜒ ᜎᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


Delos Reyes

tl-proper noun

Delós Reyes (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜎᜓᜐ᜔ ᜇᜒᜌᜒᜐ᜔)

Delós Reyes (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜎᜓᜐ᜔ ᜇᜒᜌᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Alternative letter-case form of delos Reyes


Dela Peña

Delá Peña (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜎ ᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)

Alternative letter-case form of dela Peña


amugis

[ʔɐˈmuː.ɣɪs]

Koordersiodendron pinnatum (a species of evergreen tree)

(colloquial, derogatory) person of low status


San Fernando

San Fernando (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔ ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔ᜇᜓ)

ᜐᜈ᜔ ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish San Fernando, most cases of which were named after King Ferdinand III of Castile.

named-after

several cities and municipalities in the Philippines:

San Fernando (a city, the provincial capital of Pampanga, Central Luzon, Philippines)

San Fernando (a city, the provincial capital of La Union, Ilocos Region, Luzon, Philippines)

San Fernando (a municipality of Camarines Sur, Philippines)

San Fernando (a municipality of Romblon, Philippines)

San Fernando (a municipality of Masbate, Philippines)

San Fernando (a municipality of Cebu, Philippines)

San Fernando (a municipality of Bukidnon, Philippines)


Sebu

A lake in Lake Sebu, South Cotabato, SOCCSKSARGEN, Mindanao, Philippines


balinsasayaw

tl-noun

balínsasayáw (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜐᜌᜏ᜔)

balínsasayáw (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜐᜌᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)

swiftlet, a small bird that builds its nest on high rocks (genus Collocalia)


biyoleta

biyoleta:


palugit

[pɐˈluː.ɣɪt̪̚]


repake

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English repack, and influenced by Spanish empaque.


katib

khatib (person who delivers the khutbah)


pangunang lunas

tl-noun

pangunang lunas (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜅᜓᜈᜅ᜔ ᜎᜓᜈᜐ᜔)

ᜉᜅᜓᜈᜅ᜔ ᜎᜓᜈᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

From panguna (“first”) + -ng + lunas (“cure”).


sungkit

hook attached to a pole (used to get something from a high place or picking fruit)

act of getting something with such an instrument

act of picking fruit with such an instrument


himatay

(pathology) fainting; swoon; loss of consciousness


himatay

payment given to guards out of the dangers surrounding their job


unawa

[ʔʊˈn̪aː.wɐʔ]

[ʔʊ.n̪ɐˈwaʔ]


unawa

[ʔʊˈn̪aː.wɐʔ]

[ʔʊ.n̪ɐˈwaʔ]


tanggap

Either inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋgap (“accept”) or borrowed from Malay tangkap (“gripping; clasping; capture by the hand”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋkəp (“catch, as by covering”). The two etymology sources may be equivalent. Compare Kapampangan tanggap (“accept”), Maranao tangkap (“accept”), and Balinese tanggap (“take into hand”).


tanggap

acceptance of something offered or given

reception of something sent (by letter, text message, etc.)

admission; confession (of one's guilt, crime, etc.)

admission; approval (of one's application for employment, enrollment, etc.)

recognition; acceptance (as of evidence or testimony in court)


Malayo

Borrowed from Spanish malayo, from Malay Melayu. Doublet of Malay.


Malayo

tl-noun

Malayo (feminine Malaya, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜌᜓ)


kiyaw

kiyáw or kiyaw (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜌᜏ᜔)

kiyáw (canonical)
kiyaw (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜌᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)

From Hokkien, according to English (1987). Compare kiyaw-kiyaw.

wriggling movement (of worms, mosquito larvae, etc.)

swarming; bustling; moving about (of a thick crowd of people)


sumulong

tl-verb

sumulong (complete sumulong, progressive sumusulong, contemplative susulong, Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜋᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔)

sumulong (completive)
sumusulong (progressive)
susulong (contemplative)
ᜐᜓᜋᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
-um- (affix)
ᜓᜋ᜔ (affix)
sulong (root)
ᜐᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔ (root)
actor (focus)
kasusulong (completive formal past past-recent)
ᜃᜐᜓᜐᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔ (completive formal past past-recent)
sumulong (formal imperative)
ᜐᜓᜋᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔ (formal imperative)
sulong (dialectal formal imperative)
ᜐᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔ (formal imperative)
kakasulong (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜃᜐᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔ (completive informal past past-recent)
sumulong (imperative informal)
ᜐᜓᜋᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔ (imperative informal)
sulong (dialectal imperative informal)
ᜐᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔ (imperative informal)

tl-infl-table

sumulong

sumulong
 ᜐᜓᜋᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔

sumulong
 ᜐᜓᜋᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔
sungmulong¹
ᜐᜓᜅ᜔ᜋᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔

sumusulong
ᜐᜓᜋᜓᜐᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔
sungmusulong¹
 ᜐᜓᜅ᜔ᜋᜓᜐᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔
nasulong²
ᜈ ᜐᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔

susulong
 ᜐᜓᜐᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔
masulong²
ᜋ ᜐᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔

sumulong
 ᜐᜓᜋᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔
sulong²
ᜐᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔

sulong
ᜐᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔

to go ahead; to move forward; to advance


pukpok

From Proto-Austronesian *pukpuk. Onomatopoeic in origin.


pagala

[pɐˈɣaː.lɐʔ]


bungkal

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋkal (“to open”). Compare Bikol Central bungkal and Cebuano bungkal. See also Cebuano bungkag and Malay bongkar.

inh

tilling of soil; tillage (for planting, especially by plowing)

act of digging or turning over soil (with a trowel, hoe, etc.)

makeshift roof added to the side of the house as a temporary dining space for guests during special ocassions


Dominador

Dominadór (canonical)
ᜇᜓᜋᜒᜈᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


hatdog

(slang) a nonsensical response to a question, specially the interjection ha?


tugtog

[t̪ʊɡˈt̪oɡ̚]

From Proto-Philippine *tugtug, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tugtug (cf. Bikol Central tugtog and Ilocano tugtog), from Proto-Austronesian *CugCug.

music or sound made by a musical instrument, audio device, etc.


anawnser

ᜀᜈᜏ᜔ᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐˈn̪aʊ̯n̪.sɛɾ]


tablea

[t̪ɐbˈlɛː.ɐ]


krimson

ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜋ᜔ᜐᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From English crimson, Middle English cremesyn, from Old Spanish cremesin, from Arabic قِرْمِز (qirmiz), from Persian کرمست (kermest), from Middle Persian, from Sanskrit कृमिज (kṛmija).


krimson

ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜋ᜔ᜐᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

krimson:


pansamantala

tl-adj

pansamantalá (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜈ᜔ᜐᜋᜈ᜔ᜆᜎ)

pansamantalá (canonical)
ᜉᜈ᜔ᜐᜋᜈ᜔ᜆᜎ (Baybayin)


Paunlagui

Paunlaguí (canonical)
ᜉᜂᜈ᜔ᜎᜄᜒ (Baybayin)


Abucay

Compare abo and kinaykay (“dug from ashes”).

Abucay (a municipality of Bataan, Philippines)


Ortea

[ʔoɾˈt̪ɛː.ɐ]


Picardal

Picardál (canonical)
ᜉᜒᜃᜇ᜔ᜇᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


Casacop

From ka- + sakop. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Laguna


Catalasan

a surname from Tagalog, most common in Cavite


Bahaghari

Bahagharì (canonical)
ᜊᜑᜄ᜔ᜑᜇᜒ (Baybayin)

[bɐ.hɐɡˈhaː.ɾɪʔ]


Villaester

tl-proper noun

Villaester (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜇ᜔)

ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


katas ng ubas

tl-noun

katás ng ubas (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜆᜐ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜂᜊᜐ᜔)

katás ng ubas (canonical)
ᜃᜆᜐ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜂᜊᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


Yuson

Borrowed from Hokkien 楊孫／杨孙 (iûⁿ-sun) or Hokkien 余孫 (û-sun) (compare Yu).


Romasanta

Borrowed from Spanish roma santa. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, common in Marinduque


Relampagos

tl-proper noun

Relámpagós or Rélampágos (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜎᜋ᜔ᜉᜄᜓᜐ᜔)

Relámpagós (canonical)
Rélampágos (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜎᜋ᜔ᜉᜄᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish relámpagos (“lightning bolt”).


Sagaysay

[sɐ.ɣaɪ̯ˈsaɪ̯]

Borrowed from Ilocano, from sagaysay (“comb”).


Suansing

Suansíng (canonical)
ᜐᜓᜏᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


Pasahol

From pa- + sahol. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Batangas, Laguna, Quezon and Bataan


Recalde

Variant of Ricalde, from Spanish, from Basque Errekalde.

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Basque]


katas ng mansanas

tl-noun

katás ng mansanas (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜆᜐ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜋᜈ᜔ᜐᜈᜐ᜔)

katás ng mansanas (canonical)
ᜃᜆᜐ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜋᜈ᜔ᜐᜈᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


pagnanakaw

From pag- + nakaw, with partial reduplication.


ekspresyon

ekspresyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

ekspresyón (canonical)
ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


Camiguin

Borrowed from Spanish Camiguín, from Manobo, from Cebuano kamagong.

Camiguin (a province of Northern Mindanao, Mindanao, Philippines; capital: Mambajao)

Camiguin Island (an island in the Bohol Sea, Philippines)


pilamento

Borrowed from Spanish filamento, from Medieval Latin fīlāmentum.


arsobispo

arsobispo (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇ᜔ᜐᜓᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜉᜓ)

ᜀᜇ᜔ᜐᜓᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜉᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish arzobispo (“archbishop”), from Old Spanish arçobispo, from Late Latin archiepiscopus, from Ancient Greek ἀρχιεπίσκοπος (arkhiepískopos).

der

ἀρχιεπίσκοπος


Nasaret

[n̪ɐ.sɐˈɾɛt̪̚]


eksibisyon

tl-noun

eksibisyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

eksibisyón (canonical)
ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


banlian

tl-verb

banlián (complete binanlian, progressive binabanlian, contemplative babanlian, Baybayin spelling ᜊᜈ᜔ᜎᜒᜀᜈ᜔)

banlián (canonical)
binanlian (completive)
binabanlian (progressive)
babanlian (contemplative)
ᜊᜈ᜔ᜎᜒᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
banli (root)
banlian (infinitive)
binanlian (completive root)
binabanlian (progressive root)
inabanlian (dialectal progressive root)
babanlian (contemplative objective)
abanlian (contemplative dialectal objective)
banlii (dialectal imperative objective)

banlian


lehitimo

lehítimó (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜑᜒᜆᜒᜋᜓ (Baybayin)


lapnos

flayed; excoriated (of burnt or scalded skin)


lapnos

flayed skin; excoriated skin (due to being burnt or scalded)

condition of one's skin being flayed or excoriated (due to being burnt or scalded)


gapang

(figurative) secret maneuvering to obtain something


tambuli

Compare Cebuano tambuli and Maguindanao tambuli.


subok

From Proto-Philippine *subuk. Compare Ilocano subok and Pangasinan sobok.

sampling; tasting (of the taste of food)


subok

already tested; already proven (usually with na)


bolang kristal

tl-noun

bolang kristál (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜎᜅ᜔ ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜎ᜔)

bolang kristál (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜎᜅ᜔ ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

crystal ball (globe used to foretell the future)


dawit

implication; entanglement; involvement (usually in a crime)

a type of arm wrestling where one hooks one's middle fingers on the opponent's hand to force the arm down


maamong tupa

tl-adj

maamong tupa (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜀᜋᜓᜅ᜔ ᜆᜓᜉ)


sapilitan

sápilitán (canonical)
ᜐᜉᜒᜎᜒᜆᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


katipan

From ka- + tipan (“pact; covenant; engagement; tryst”).

af

tipan<t:pact; covenant; engagement; tryst>

katipan sa negosyo

(now uncommon) partner in an arrangement


prodyuser

tl-noun

prodyuser (Baybayin spelling ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓᜐᜒᜇ᜔)

ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓᜐᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

(economics) producer (individual or organization that creates goods and services)

producer (one who produces an artistic production)


kondominyum

kondominyum (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜌᜓᜋ᜔)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜌᜓᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from English condominium, from Latin condominium.

condominium (building in which each unit is owned individually, but the grounds is jointly owned)

condominium (unit or apartment in such a complex)


Brigela

[bɾɪˈɣɛː.lɐ]


Briguela

[bɾɪɡˈwɛː.lɐ]


umbok

outward bulge; swelling; protuberance; convexity


Amores

[ʔɐˈmoː.ɾɛs]

Borrowed from Spanish Amores, from amores.


Clavecillas

tl-proper noun

Clavecillas (Baybayin spelling ᜃ᜔ᜎᜊᜒᜐᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜐ᜔)

ᜃ᜔ᜎᜊᜒᜐᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


mumog

From Proto-Philippine *limuʀmuʀ (“gargle”), ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *muʀmuʀ. Compare Hiligaynon limug, Cebuano limugmog, Waray-Waray limugmog, Bikol Central limugmug, Kapampangan mulmul, and Ilocano mulumog.


Furuichi

ᜉᜓᜇᜓᜏᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜒ (Baybayin)

[fʊˈɾwiː.t͡ʃɪ]

[pʊˈɾwiː.t͡ʃɪ]

(more native-sounding, no yod coalescence) -itsi

Borrowed from Hepburn romaji of Japanese 古市 (Furuichi).


piskalya

tl-noun

piskalyá or piskalya (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜎ᜔ᜌ)

piskalyá (canonical)
piskalya (canonical)
ᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜎ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)

(law) public prosecutor's office (UK); district attorney's office (US); office of the public prosecutor


maselang bahagi

maselang bahagi (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜒᜎᜅ᜔ ᜊᜑᜄᜒ)

ᜋᜐᜒᜎᜅ᜔ ᜊᜑᜄᜒ (Baybayin)

[mɐˌsɛː.lɐm bɐˈhaː.ɣɪʔ]


glorya

Borrowed from Spanish gloria (“glory”), from Latin glōria.


hatsing

Onomatopoeic. Compare Kapampangan atsing, Bikol Central hatsing and Cebuano hatsi.