Ursua

Borrowed from Spanish Ursúa, from Basque. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Basque], equivalent to Spanish Ursúa, mostly found in people of Pangasinan origin


ᜀ

Compare Buhid ᝀ (a), Hanunoo ᜠ (a), and Tagbanwa ᝠ (a).

aa, the first character and independent vowel in the Tagalog Baybayin script


kuwatro

Borrowed from Spanish cuatro (“four”), from Old Spanish quatro, from Latin quattuor (“four”).


Masangkay

Masangkáy (canonical)
ᜋᜐᜅ᜔ᜃᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Masangcay; the spelling with K introduced as indigenization, mostly adapted by nationalists and revolutionaries before the Philippine Revolution.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Batangas and Mindoro


Tiongco

Possibly from Hokkien 中哥 (tiong-ko, “middle brother”).


Lukban

a surname from Tagalog, most associated with:

Vicente Lukban, Filipino general during the Philippine-American War, notable for leading the Balangiga massacre


nuwebe

Borrowed from Spanish nueve, from Old Spanish nueve~nuef, from Latin novem.


Hizon

Possibly from Hokkien 耳孫／耳孙 (hī-sun, “great-great-great-great-great-grandson (in a male lineage)”), via Spanish Hizon.

der

Maximino Hizon, Filipino revolutionary general

a surname from Hokkien common among Filipinos of Chinese ancestry, most notably descendants of migrants from Macau to Parián, Mexico, Pampanga


Bulan

Borrowed from Cebuano Bulan, from bulan.


Guanzon

Guanzón (canonical)
ᜄᜓᜏᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Possibly from Hokkien 玄孫／玄孙 (goân-sun, “great-great-grandson (in a male lineage)”) or Hokkien 阮孫／阮孙 (goán sun, “our (exclusive) grandson”), via Spanish Guanzon. Compare Tagalog Henson.

a surname from Hokkien common among Filipinos of Chinese ancestry

University of Santo Tomas#Libraries and archives


magmana

tl-verb

magmana (complete nagmana, progressive nagmamana, contemplative magmamana, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄ᜔ᜋᜈ)

nagmana (completive)
nagmamana (progressive)
magmamana (contemplative)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜋᜈ (Baybayin)
mag- (affix)
ᜋᜄ᜔ (affix)
mana (root)
ᜋᜈ (root)
actor (focus)
kamamana (completive formal past past-recent)
ᜃᜋᜋᜈ (completive formal past past-recent)
kapagmamana (completive formal past past-recent)
ᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜋᜋᜈ (completive formal past past-recent)
magmana (dialectal formal imperative)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜋᜈ (formal imperative)
kakamana (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜃᜋᜈ (completive informal past past-recent)
kakapagmana (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜋᜈ (completive informal past past-recent)
kapapagmana (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜉᜉᜄ᜔ᜋᜈ (completive informal past past-recent)
magmana (dialectal imperative informal)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜋᜈ (imperative informal)

tl-infl-table

magmana

magmamana
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜋᜋᜈ
magamana¹
ᜋᜄᜋᜈ
gamana¹
ᜄᜋᜈ

kakamana
ᜃᜃᜋᜈ
kakapagmana
ᜃᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜋᜈ
kapapagmana
ᜃᜉᜉᜄ᜔ᜋᜈ

to inherit, receive as an heir from ones ancestor


Versoza

a surname, most associated with actor Gardo Versoza


Leynes

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

A barangay of Talisay, Batangas, Philippines


Fonacier

Fonaciér (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜈᜐ᜔ᜌᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

[fo.n̪ɐˈʃɛɾ]

[po.n̪ɐˈʃɛɾ]


Resurreccion

tl-proper noun

Resurrección (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐᜓᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

Resurrección (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜐᜓᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ɾɛ.sʊ.ɾɛkˈʃon̪]


Macapagal

Either of Tagalog or Kapampangan origin.

a surname from Kapampangan, most associated with Diosdado Macapagal, the 9th President of the Philippines


Gitnang Panahon

Gitnáng Panahón (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜉᜈᜑᜓᜈ᜔)

Gitnáng Panahón (canonical)
ᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜉᜈᜑᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Ipinakita ito sa Gitnang Panahon sa pamamagitan ng mga imaheng Kristiyano, mural na pagguhit sa mga dingding at mga obrang pansining. Ang mga ito mismo ay mga napakagagandang mga obra. Sinubukan nilang isalin ang mga senaryo ...

2015, Marshall E Gass, Maririlag na mga Hagod ng Brotsa, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN:

May paniniwala noong mga Gitnang Panahon (Middle Ages) na may mga paksa at larangan ng mga siyensiya at sining na natatangi para sa tao sapagkat walang ibang nilalang na magkakainteres sa mga bagay na iyon maliban sa tao.

2004, Florentino H. Hornedo, Literatura, guro, bansa: mga kuwadrong konseptwal para sa pagtuturo ng literatura at ilang panayam tungkol sa kalinangan at wika, →ISBN:

Es. Ang simbahan ay naging makapangyarihan sa Gitnang Panahon. Maraming katiwalian. 2. T. Sino ang pangunahing reformists, sa mga panahong ito? Es. Si Martin Luther. Siya ay isang Protestante. Walang binyag sa mga Protestante.

1994, Ernesto H. Cubar, Nelly Iligan Cubar, Writing Filipino Grammar: Traditions & Trends, Cellar Book Shop:


kubrador

kubradór (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜊ᜔ᜇᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


ikalawa

From ika- + dalawa (“two”). Compare Cebuano ikaduha.


ponda

a temporary shed where light meals and refreshments are sold during a feast or a celebration


abstrak

ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from English abstract, from Middle English abstract, from Latin abstractus. Doublet of abstrakto.

(art) abstract (free from representational qualities)


abstrak

ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)


Bituin

From bituin (“star”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Batangas, Laguna and Quezon


kaakit-akit

tl-adj

kaakit-akit (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜀᜃᜒᜆ᜔ᜀᜃᜒᜆ᜔)

ᜃᜀᜃᜒᜆ᜔ᜀᜃᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

[kɐˌʔaː.xɪt̪ ˈʔaː.xɪt̪̚]

From ka- + akit, with reduplication of the root.


pwede

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of puwede.


lintang-kati

tl-noun

lintáng-kati (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜅ᜔ᜃᜆᜒ)

lintáng-kati (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜅ᜔ᜃᜆᜒ (Baybayin)


Echano

[ʔɛˈt͡ʃaː.n̪o]

Borrowed from Spanish, from Basque Etxano.

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Basque]


Munsayac

Munsayác (canonical)
ᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜌᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)


Ybañez

[ʔɪˈbaː.ɲɛs]

Borrowed from Spanish Ybáñez, variant of Ibáñez. Doublet of Ibañez.

a surname from Spanish, mostly common in people of Cebuano or Visayan ancestry


dela Rosa

delá Rosa (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜎ ᜇᜓᜐ (Baybayin)


Salamat

After Magat Salamat, a datu who participated on the Conspiracy of the Maharlikas.

Conspiracy of the Maharlikas
Magat Salamat


batas militar

batás militár (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜆᜐ᜔ ᜋᜒᜎᜒᜆᜇ᜔)

batás militár (canonical)
ᜊᜆᜐ᜔ ᜋᜒᜎᜒᜆᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

From batas + militar, literally “military law”.


Lontoc

tl-proper noun

Lontoc or Lontóc (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜃ᜔)

Lontoc (canonical)
Lontóc (canonical)
ᜎᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)


de Ocampo

Borrowed from Spanish de Ocampo, of Galician origin (see Ocampo).

a surname from Spanish, common in Batangas


Brosas

From earlier Brozas, from Spanish broza, brozas (“brushwood”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Brozas. The surname came to be written with S due to seseo and eventually displacing the former in Tagalog areas. Compare Waray-Waray Brozas, from the same Spanish source.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Spanish [in turn transferred from the common noun], common in Laguna


Basilan

Sulu Archipelago
Sulu Archipelago#English

Basilan (an island in Sulu Archipelago, Mindanao, Philippines)

Basilan (a province of Mindanao, Philippines; capital: Lamitan; largest city: Isabela)


ditse

Borrowed from Hokkien 二姊 (jī-chí / jī-ché).

bor+

Coordinate term: diko

term of address for the second eldest sister

(Bulacan) term of address for the second eldest female cousin


Aglipay

[ʔɐɡˈliː.paɪ̯]

Borrowed from Ilocano Aglipay, from aglipay.


Aglipay

[ʔɐɡˈliː.paɪ̯]

member of the Philippine Independent Church


gayon

From variant gay-on, syncopic form of obsolete variant gayaon, from ga- + yaon. Compare ganoon.

(chiefly formal) like that; in that particular manner (far from both the speaker and the person addressed)


dalya

Borrowed from Spanish dalia (“dahlia”), named 1791 after Anders Dahl.


Libunao

a surname, common in Bulacan and Nueva Ecija


Saguinsin

Saguinsín (canonical)
ᜐᜄᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


Laviña

Borrowed from Spanish. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, mostly concentrated in Laguna and Quezon


Manlangit

[mɐn̪ˈlaː.ŋɪt̪̚]


Malicsi

From maliksi. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Occidental Mindoro


langis ng oliba

tl-noun

langís ng oliba (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜅᜒᜐ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜂᜎᜒᜊ)

langís ng oliba (canonical)
ᜎᜅᜒᜐ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜂᜎᜒᜊ (Baybayin)


letsugas

[lɛˈt͡ʃuː.ɣɐs]

Borrowed from Spanish lechugas, plural of lechuga (“lettuce”), from Latin lactūca.


del Prado

tl-proper noun

del Prado (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜎ᜔ ᜉ᜔ᜇᜇᜓ)


Magbojos

From magbuhos (“to pour”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Batangas


Zosimo

Borrowed from Spanish Zosimo, from Ancient Greek Ζώσιμος (Zṓsimos). Upon borrowing, stress is shifted to the antepenult.


Paras

Borrowed from Kapampangan Paras, from paras (“spiciness”).


albarikoke

tl-noun

albarikoke (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎ᜔ᜊᜇᜒᜃᜓᜃᜒ)

ᜀᜎ᜔ᜊᜇᜒᜃᜓᜃᜒ (Baybayin)

Isang manlalakbay na nakasakay sa isang kamelyo at dalawang makisig na kabayong Arabe. Ang isa sa mga ito, na sinasakyan ng isang tauhan ng Aduwana ay nakatatawag ng pansin ng lahat. Dito'y nakatikim ako ng sereso, albarikoke, at almendras.

1962, Pakikipagsulatan ni Rizal sa kanyang mga kasambahay, 1876-1896:

One traveler riding a camel and two robust Arabic horses. One of these, which was ridden by a Customs worker, was catching everyone's attention. Here I was able to taste cherry, apricot, and almond.


dikya

dikyà or dikyâ (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜌ)

dikyà (canonical)
dikyâ (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)

See also Sambali bokya and Cebuano bukya.


Amurao

[ʔɐ.mʊˈɾaʊ̯]


Malaluan

From malaluan. Old surname originating in Batangas.


Villapando

tl-proper noun

Villapando (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜉᜈ᜔ᜇᜓ)

ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜉᜈ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)


Arzadon

[ʔɐɾ.zɐˈd̪on̪]

[ʔɐɾ.sɐˈd̪on̪]

Localized variant of Spanish Arzadun, of Basque origin.


Makalintal

Makalintál (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜃᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜎ᜔)

Makalintál (canonical)
ᜋᜃᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


Cabungcal

Cabungcál (canonical)
ᜃᜊᜓᜅ᜔ᜃᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

From ka- + bungkal. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Tagalog, common in Batangas and Nueva Ecija


Pamintuan

Pamintuan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜀᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


Figueras

[fɪˈɣɛː.ɾɐs]

[pɪˈɣɛː.ɾɐs]

Borrowed from Spanish, of toponymic origin, from Catalan Figueres.

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Catalan]


Dinglasan

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Batangas


Mandigma

Mandigmâ (canonical)
ᜋᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜄ᜔ᜋ (Baybayin)


Brillantes

tl-proper noun

Brillantes (Baybayin spelling ᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜐ᜔)

ᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

a surname from Spanish, most notably borne by:

Anndrew Blythe Daguio Gorostiza, child actress (on her screen name, Andrea Brillantes)


koliplor

kóliplór (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜉ᜔ᜎᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish coliflor (“cauliflower”).


Veneracion

tl-proper noun

Veneración (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜈᜒᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

Veneración (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜈᜒᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[vɛ.n̪ɛ.ɾɐˈʃon̪]

[bɛ.n̪ɛ.ɾɐˈʃon̪]

Ian Veneracion, actor


sirwelas

Borrowed from Spanish ciruelas, plural of ciruela (“plum”). Doublet of sinigwelas.


inggo

Borrowed from Sanskrit हिङ्गु (hiṅgu). Compare Malay inggu, Chinese 形虞 (xíngyú).


Peñaflorida

Peñaflorida (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜌᜉ᜔ᜎᜓᜇᜒᜇ)

ᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜌᜉ᜔ᜎᜓᜇᜒᜇ (Baybayin)

a surname, most associated with Efren Peñaflorida, teavher and winner of the CNN Hero award in 2009


remolatsa

Borrowed from Spanish remolacha (“beet”).


esparago

[ʔɛsˌpaː.ɾɐˈɣo]

Borrowed from Spanish espárrago (“asparagus”).


Sumilang

a surname from Tagalog, most common in Laguna, Batangas and Quezon.


kamoteng-kahoy

tl-noun

kamoteng-kahoy (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜋᜓᜆᜒᜅ᜔ᜃᜑᜓᜌ᜔)

ᜃᜋᜓᜆᜒᜅ᜔ᜃᜑᜓᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

Manihot esculenta
Manihot esculenta#Translingual


Tuason

Borrowed from Spanish Tuason/Tuazon/Tuasun, from Hokkien 大孫／大孙 (tōa-sun, “eldest son's eldest son; eldest grandson”).

der

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Hokkien] common among Filipinos of Chinese ancestry


de Gracia

[d̪ɛ ˈɡɾaː.ʃɐ]


Tio

Borrowed from Hokkien 趙／赵 (Tiǒ) or 張／张 (Tioⁿ). Doublet of Tiu. Compare Malaysian & Singaporean English Teo / Teoh.


kabute

tl-noun

kabuté or kábuté (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜊᜓᜆᜒ)

kabuté (canonical)
kábuté (canonical)
ᜃᜊᜓᜆᜒ (Baybayin)


Mabini

From mabini. The places in the Philippines are named after Apolinario Mabini.

Apolinario Mabini (Filipino revolutionary)

several locations in the Philippines:
A municipality of Batangas, Philippines

several locations in the Philippines:
A municipality of Bohol, Philippines

A municipality of Davao de Oro, Philippines

A municipality of Pangasinan, Philippines

A barangay of Cebu City, Cebu, Philippines

2008, Rodolfo Meim Acebes, National Commission on Culture and the Arts (Philippines), Mindoro sa panahon ng digmaan, 1941-1945

Isabelo immediately took them on bus of BLTCo and brought to Batangas, on the end of the town of Mabini where one of his boats is waiting. Here, the father and son drove to Mindoro. But it is far from the shore of Abra de Ilog.

Isinakay agad sila ni Isabelo sa bus ng BLTCo at dinala sa Batangas, sa dulong bayan ng Mabini kung saan isa sa mga bangka niya ay naghihintay. Dito sumakay ang mag-aama pauwing Mindoro. Ngunit malayo pa ito sa baybayin ng Abra de Ilog.


Laqui

a surname from Tagalog, common in Batangas


Dalangin

[d̪ɐˈlaː.ŋɪn̪]

From dalangin (“prayer”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.


Jusay

Transcription of husay into Spanish orthography.


Soliven

a surname from Ilocano, most associated with Benito Soliven, namesake of a eponymous town in Isabela


Vizconde

ᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish vizconde (“viscount”).

bor+

a surname from Spanish, most associated with the family of the victims of the Vizconde massacre


dalangin

[d̪ɐˈlaː.ŋɪn̪]

Compare Hanunoo darangin and Maranao darangen.


bakay

watcher; ambusher; waylayer (especially those watching for anyone passing by from a vantage point)


Patiño

Borrowed from Spanish, hispanicization of Portuguese Patinho, from patinho (“duckling”).

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Portuguese]


Ganzon

Borrowed from Hokkien 顏孫／颜孙 (Gân-sun) (compare Gan).


linaw

From Proto-Philippine *linaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *linaw. Compare Tausug linaw.

clearness; clarity (of liquids, mirrors, vision, speech, explanation, etc.)


Taguinod

[t̪ɐˈɣiː.n̪od̪̚]


Fortich

ᜉᜓᜇ᜔ᜆᜒᜆ᜔ᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

(more native-sounding, no yod coalescence) -oɾtits


husay

good quality (especially of workmanship)


kontrabando

tl-noun

kontrabando (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜊᜈ᜔ᜇᜓ)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜊᜈ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)


Fabregas

Fábregás (canonical)
ᜉᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜄᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish Fábregas, from Catalan Fàbregues.

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Catalan], most associated with Jaime Fabregas


Dela Cruz

tl-proper noun

Delá Cruz (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜎ ᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜐ᜔)

Delá Cruz (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜎ ᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Alternative letter-case form of dela Cruz


Delos Santos

Delós Santos (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜎᜓᜐ᜔ ᜐᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜐ᜔)

Delós Santos (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜎᜓᜐ᜔ ᜐᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Alternative letter-case form of delos Santos


Quiñones

ᜃᜒᜈ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish Quiñones. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, equivalent to Spanish Quiñones, common in Occidental Mindoro


aplay

Borrowed from English apply, from Middle English aplien, applien, from Old French applier, from Latin applicō.

act of applying (for a position, candidacy, etc.)

act of putting one thing on another (of cream, lotion, etc.)


Plaridel

Pláridél (canonical)
ᜉ᜔ᜎᜇᜒᜇᜒᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

From Pláridel, anagram of the surname del Pilar, the nom de guerre of Marcelo H. del Pilar.

Plaridel (a municipality of Bulacan, Philippines)

Misamis Occidental
Misamis Occidental#English

Plaridel (a municipality of Misamis Occidental, Philippines)

Plaridel (a municipality of Quezon, Philippines)


supsop

From Proto-Austronesian *supsup. Compare Aklanon supsup, Cebuano supsop, and Tausug supsup.


Bolaños

Borrowed from Spanish Bolaños. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, mostly found on people of Bicolano heritage


Tugade

[t̪ʊˈɣaː.d̪ɛ]


Capinpin

Capinpín (canonical)
ᜃᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜉᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


mananahi

From man- + tahi, with initial reduplication of the root.


Pecson

From Hokkien [Term?], via Spanish Pecson. Compare Hokkien 伯 (pek) & 孫／孙 (sun). See also Hokkien 仲孫／仲孙 (Tiōng-sun), Tagalog Tiongson, Tagalog Cuizon, Hokkien 伯仲叔季 (“order of seniority among brothers from eldest to youngest”).


tuwa

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuaq (“luck”). Compare Malay tuah (“luck”).


Almarez

[ʔɐl.mɐˈɾɛs]


Arenas

[ʔɐˈɾɛː.n̪ɐs]


Biscocho

ᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜓ (Baybayin)


Calingasan

Hispanized spelling of kalingasan, from lingas (“flame”) + ka- -an. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Batangas


Maceda

[mɐˈsɛː.d̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish, of Galician origin.

a surname from Spanish, most notably borne by:


Matibag

[mɐˈt̪iː.bɐɡ̚]

From matibag. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Batangas


liko

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *likuq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *likuq. Doublet of likaw.

turning; bending; deviation (in walking, driving, etc.)

erroneousness; improperness (in treating one's children)


liko

erroneous; improper (in treating one's children)


Siason

Borrowed from Hokkien 謝孫／谢孙 (siā-sun) (compare Siazon and Sia).


Sinco

Ultimately, an alternative spelling of Cinco, originally from Hokkien 吳／吴 (Gô͘), via Hispanicization of Chinese surname 吳／吴 (Gô͘) by similar sounding Calque of Hokkien 五 (gǒ͘, “five”) to Spanish cinco (“five”), and then later Filipinized through Filipino orthography.


Arañas

[ʔɐˈɾaː.ɲɐs]


Arcega

[ʔɐɾˈsɛː.ɣɐ]


Zaide

a surname, most associated with historian Gregorio Zaide


Tiozon

Borrowed from Hokkien [Term?]. Compare Hokkien 張／张 (Tioⁿ) & 孫／孙 (sun). Akin to Tecson/Ticzon.


Tañada

[t̪ɐˈɲaː.d̪ɐ]

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname, mostly concentrated in Quezon


Morato

a surname from Spanish, most associated with:

Tomas Morato, first mayor of Quezon City


Manarang

[mɐˈn̪aː.ɾɐŋ]


Iñigo

tl-proper noun

Íñigó or Iñigo (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜌᜒᜄᜓ)

Íñigó (canonical)
Iñigo (canonical)
ᜁᜈ᜔ᜌᜒᜄᜓ (Baybayin)

[ˌʔiː.ɲɪˈɣo]

Borrowed from Spanish Íñigo, from Basque Eneko.

a male given name from Spanish [in turn from Basque]


Liwag

From liwag (“slowness in movement”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Liuag. The spelling is an indigenization, from around the late 19th century, with U changed to W. Largely displaced the original spelling.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

<i class="Latn mention" lang="tl">Liuag</i>

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Nueva Ecija and Batangas


de Dios

de Diós (canonical)
ᜇᜒ ᜇᜒᜌᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


Ulep

Ulep (canonical)
Ulëp (canonical)
ᜂᜎᜒᜉ᜔ (Baybayin)


Mayuga

From mayuga. Probably originating among the principalía of Kumintang (present Batangas).

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found across Batangas and Quezon


Elamparo

Borrowed from Spanish Elámparo, a contraction of el amparo. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Spanish, mostly found in Zambales


Montealegre

tl-proper noun

Montealegre (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜀᜎᜒᜄ᜔ᜇᜒ)

ᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜀᜎᜒᜄ᜔ᜇᜒ (Baybayin)

[mon̪.t̪ɛ.ʔɐˈlɛː.ɡɾɛ]


Peñaranda

[pɛ.ɲɐˈɾan̪.d̪ɐ]

A municipality of Nueva Ecija, Philippines


de Belen

de Belén (canonical)
ᜇᜒ ᜊᜒᜎᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɛ bɛˈlɛn̪]


Babao

a surname, most associated with news anchor Julius Babao


Parilla

Borrowed from Spanish, from parilla, a misspelling of parrilla.


Unson

From Hokkien, possibly 雲孫／云孙 (ûn-sun, “great-great-great-great-great-great-grandson (in a male lineage)”), via Spanish Unson. Compare Tagalog Inson.

a surname from Hokkien common among Filipinos of Chinese ancestry


Llanera

[ljɐˈn̪ɛː.ɾɐ]

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos
Mariano Llanera

Borrowed from Spanish Llanera, from llanera. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.
The municipality is named after Filipino general and revolutionary Mariano Llanera.

named-after

Llanera (a municipality of Nueva Ecija, Philippines)


hugasan

tl-verb

hugasan (complete hinugasan, progressive hinuhugasan, contemplative huhugasan, Baybayin spelling ᜑᜓᜄᜐᜈ᜔)

hinugasan (completive)
hinuhugasan (progressive)
huhugasan (contemplative)
ᜑᜓᜄᜐᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
hugas (root)
maghugas (infinitive root trigger-actor)
naghugas (completive root trigger-actor)
naghuhugas (progressive trigger-actor)
nagahugas (dialectal progressive trigger-actor)
maghuhugas (contemplative trigger-actor)
magahugas (contemplative dialectal trigger-actor)
gahugas (contemplative dialectal trigger-actor)
kahuhugas (completive formal past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapaghuhugas (completive formal past past-recent trigger-actor)
kakahugas (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kakapaghugas (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapapaghugas (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
huhasan (infinitive root trigger-object)
hinuhasan (completive root trigger-object)
hinuhuhasan (progressive trigger-object)
inahuhasan (dialectal progressive trigger-object)
huhuhasan (contemplative trigger-object)
ahuhasan (contemplative dialectal trigger-object)
paghuhasan (infinitive root trigger-locative)
pinaghuhasan (completive root trigger-locative)
pinapaghuhasan (progressive trigger-locative)
pinaghuhuhasan (progressive trigger-locative)
papaghuhasan (contemplative trigger-locative)
paghuhuhasan (contemplative trigger-locative)
ipaghugas (benefactive infinitive root)
ipinaghugas (benefactive completive root)
ipinapaghugas (benefactive progressive)
ipapaghugas (benefactive contemplative)
ipanghugas (infinitive root trigger-instrument)
ipinanghugas (completive root trigger-instrument)
ipinapanghugas (progressive trigger-instrument)
ipapanghugas (contemplative trigger-instrument)
ikapaghugas (infinitive root trigger-causative)
ikinapaghugas (completive root trigger-causative)
ikinapaghuhugas (formal progressive trigger-causative)
ikinakapaghugas (progressive trigger-causative)
ikapaghuhugas (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
ikakapaghugas (contemplative trigger-causative)
paghuhasan (infinitive root trigger-referential)
pinaghuhasan (completive root trigger-referential)
pinapaghuhasan (progressive trigger-referential)
pinaghuhuhasan (progressive trigger-referential)
papaghuhasan (contemplative trigger-referential)
paghuhuhasan (contemplative trigger-referential)
magpahugas (infinitive trigger-actor)
nagpahugas (completive trigger-actor)
nagpapahugas (progressive trigger-actor)
magpapahugas (contemplative trigger-actor)
kapahuhugas (completive formal past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapapahugas (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kapagpapahugas (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
kakapahugas (completive past past-recent trigger-actor)
papaghuhasin (actor-secondary infinitive)
pinapaghugas (actor-secondary completive)
pinapapaghugas (actor-secondary progressive)
papapaghuhasin (actor-secondary contemplative)
pahuhasan (infinitive trigger-object)
pinahuhasan (completive trigger-object)
pinapahuhasan (progressive trigger-object)
pinahuhuhasan (progressive trigger-object)
papahuhasan (contemplative trigger-object)
pahuhuhasan (contemplative trigger-object)
ipagpahugas (benefactive infinitive)
ipinagpahugas (benefactive completive)
ipinagpapahugas (benefactive formal progressive)
ipinapagpahugas (benefactive progressive)
ipagpapahugas (benefactive contemplative formal)
ipapagpahugas (benefactive contemplative)
ikapagpahugas (infinitive trigger-causative)
ikinapagpahugas (completive trigger-causative)
ikinapagpapahugas (formal progressive trigger-causative)
ikinakapagpahugas (progressive trigger-causative)
ikapagpapahugas (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
ikakapagpahugas (contemplative trigger-causative)
pagpahuhasan (infinitive trigger-locative)
pinagpahuhasan (completive trigger-locative)
pinagpapahuhuhasan (formal progressive trigger-locative)
pinapagpahuhasan (progressive trigger-locative)
pagpapahuhuhasan (contemplative formal trigger-locative)
papagpahuhasan (contemplative trigger-locative)
papaghuhasan (infinitive trigger-locative)
pinapaghuhasan (completive trigger-locative)
pinapapaghuhasan (progressive trigger-locative)
papapaghuhasan (contemplative trigger-locative)
papaghuhasan (infinitive trigger-referential)
pinapaghuhasan (completive trigger-referential)
pinapapaghuhasan (progressive trigger-referential)
papapaghuhasan (contemplative trigger-referential)
makapaghugas (infinitive trigger-actor)
nakapaghugas (completive trigger-actor)
nakapaghuhugas (formal progressive trigger-actor)
nakakapaghugas (progressive trigger-actor)
makapaghuhugas (contemplative formal trigger-actor)
makakapaghugas (contemplative trigger-actor)
mahuhasan (infinitive trigger-object)
nahuhasan (completive trigger-object)
nahuhuhasan (progressive trigger-object)
mahuhuhasan (contemplative trigger-object)
maipaghugas (benefactive infinitive)
naipaghugas (benefactive completive)
naipaghuhugas (benefactive formal progressive)
naipapaghugas (benefactive progressive)
naiipaghugas (benefactive progressive)
maipaghuhugas (benefactive contemplative formal)
maipapaghugas (benefactive contemplative)
maiipaghugas (benefactive contemplative)
maikapaghugas (infinitive trigger-causative)
naikapaghugas (completive trigger-causative)
naikapaghuhugas (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naikapapaghugas (progressive trigger-causative)
naiikapaghugas (progressive trigger-causative)
maikapaghuhugas (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
maikapapaghugas (contemplative trigger-causative)
maiikapaghugas (contemplative trigger-causative)
maipaghugas (infinitive trigger-causative)
naipaghugas (completive trigger-causative)
naipaghuhugas (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naipapaghugas (progressive trigger-causative)
naiipaghugas (progressive trigger-causative)
maipaghuhugas (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
maipapaghugas (contemplative trigger-causative)
maiipaghugas (contemplative trigger-causative)
mapaghugasan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napaghugasan (completive trigger-locative)
napaghuhugasan (formal progressive trigger-locative)
napapaghugasan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapaghuhugasan (contemplative formal trigger-locative)
mapapaghugasan (contemplative trigger-locative)
makapagpahugas (infinitive trigger-actor)
nakapagpahugas (completive trigger-actor)
nakapagpapahugas (formal progressive trigger-actor)
nakakapagpahugas (progressive trigger-actor)
makapagpapahugas (contemplative formal trigger-actor)
makakapagpahugas (contemplative trigger-actor)
mapapaghugas (actor-secondary infinitive)
napapaghugas (actor-secondary completive)
napapapaghugas (actor-secondary progressive)
mapapapaghugas (actor-secondary contemplative)
mapahuhasan (infinitive trigger-object)
napahuhasan (completive trigger-object)
napahuhuhasan (formal progressive trigger-object)
napapahuhasan (progressive trigger-object)
mapahuhuhasan (contemplative formal trigger-object)
mapapahuhasan (contemplative trigger-object)
maipagpahugas (benefactive infinitive)
naipagpahugas (benefactive completive)
naipagpapahugas (benefactive formal progressive)
naipapagpahugas (benefactive progressive)
naiipagpahugas (benefactive progressive)
maipagpapahugas (benefactive contemplative formal)
maipapagpahugas (benefactive contemplative)
maiipagpahugas (benefactive contemplative)
maikapagpahugas (infinitive trigger-causative)
naikapagpahugas (completive trigger-causative)
naikapagpapahugas (formal progressive trigger-causative)
naikakapagpahugas (progressive trigger-causative)
naiikapagpahugas (progressive trigger-causative)
maikapagpapahugas (contemplative formal trigger-causative)
maikakapagpahugas (contemplative trigger-causative)
maiikapagpahugas (contemplative trigger-causative)
mapagpahuhasan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napagpahuhasan (completive trigger-locative)
napagpapahuhuhasan (formal progressive trigger-locative)
napapagpahuhasan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapagpapahuhuhasan (contemplative formal trigger-locative)
mapapagpahuhasan (contemplative trigger-locative)
mapapaghuhasan (infinitive trigger-locative)
napapaghuhasan (completive trigger-locative)
napapapaghuhasan (progressive trigger-locative)
mapapapaghuhasan (contemplative trigger-locative)
mapapaghuhasan (infinitive trigger-referential)
napapaghuhasan (completive trigger-referential)
napapapaghuhasan (progressive trigger-referential)
mapapapaghuhasan (contemplative trigger-referential)
makipaghugas (direct infinitive)
nakipaghugas (completive direct)
nakikipaghugas (direct progressive)
makikipaghugas (contemplative direct)
makihugas (direct infinitive)
nakihugas (completive direct)
nakikihugas (direct progressive)
makikihugas (contemplative direct)
makipagpahugas (indirect infinitive)
nakipagpahugas (completive indirect)
nakikipagpahugas (indirect progressive)
makikipagpahugas (contemplative indirect)

Hinugasan ko ang mga plato.


hugasan

(colloquial) crockery or dishes that needs to be washed


dunggol

jab; short, straight blow with one's fist


lumanay

mildness; gentleness (in voice or speech)


Catmon

A barangay of Malabon, Metro Manila, Philippines

several places in the Philippines:
A municipality of Cebu, Philippines

A barangay of Santa Maria, Bulacan, Philippines


duhagi

[d̪ʊˈhaː.ɣɪ]


duhagi

[d̪ʊˈhaː.ɣɪ]


bitaog

[bɪˈt̪aː.ʔoɡ̚]

Borrowed from Cebuano bitaog, from Proto-Bisayan *bitaqug, from Proto-Central Philippine *bitaqug, from Proto-Philippine *bitaquʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bitaquʀ (“a shore tree: Calophyllum inophyllum”). Compare Malay bentangur.

der

Calophyllum blancoi
Wikispecies:Calophyllum blancoi

Calophyllum inophyllum
Calophyllum inophyllum#Translingual

Alexandrian laurel (Calophyllum inophyllum)


lunggati

[lʊŋ.ɡɐˈt̪iʔ]

From *lung (“grief”) (cf. lungkot, lungayi, and lumbay) + Malay hati (“emotions”, literally “liver”), cf. dalamhati, pighati, ulohati, luwalhati, and salaghati).

earnest desire; fervent wish or ambition


lunot

softened due to being overripe (of fruit)


lunot

condition of fruit being softened due to being overripe


Baguio

Borrowed from Spanish Baguió, from Ibaloi bagiw (“moss”).

Baguio (an independent city in Benguet, Luzon, Philippines)

central business district
central business district

(uncommon) the central business district of Baguio City


kasabwat

(law) accessory; accomplice; conspirator


sabwatan

conspiracy; secret plot or agreement (for doing something wrong or unlawful)


jak-en-poy

tl-noun

jak-en-poy (Baybayin spelling ᜇ᜔ᜌᜃ᜔ᜁᜈ᜔ᜉᜓᜌ᜔)

ᜇ᜔ᜌᜃ᜔ᜁᜈ᜔ᜉᜓᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


paghahambing

paghahambíng (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜑᜑᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜅ᜔)

paghahambíng (canonical)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜑᜑᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)

From pag- + hambing, with reduplication on the first syllable of the root word.


natutulog sa pansitan

tl-adj

natutulog sa pansitan (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜆᜓᜆᜓᜎᜓᜄ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜆᜈ᜔)

ᜈᜆᜓᜆᜓᜎᜓᜄ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜆᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Literally, “sleeping in a panciteria" (restaurant or canteen selling pancit)”.

lit

Kailanman at sa anumang uri ng komunikasyon, laging mabuti ang paggamit ng maiikli at karaniwang salita. ILANG SAWIKAIN — Narito ang ilang sawikain: * natutulog sa pansitan - walang nalalaman sa mga nangyayari sa paligid. Paano ...

Eight, nine, ten... Siniko ng isa si Angela. "Hoy!' Babagsak na si Angela. "Ano ba? " Hiyaw ni Ma'am. "...ina mo, para kang natutulog sa pansitan!" Imbis na makasagot, hinila ng tuhod niya si Angela. Reflex aetion, nasalo siya ng isang bilanggo ...

2006, Lualhati Bautista, Bulaklak sa city jail, →ISBN:

Kakantiyawan nila kayong ugaling paniki o natutulog sa pansitan bagaman ipapangaral ni Giedd na sadyang mabagal lamang magdulot ng melatonin ang inyong pineal gland. Nababawasan ang inyong kalayaan habang kayo'y namumulat.

2005, Rio Alma, Memo mulang Gimokudan: aklat ng tulang tuluyan, →ISBN:


Simbulan

Borrowed from Kapampangan Simbulan. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.


Cuizon

Borrowed from Hokkien [Term?], via Spanish Cuizon. Compare Hokkien 季 (kùi) & 孫／孙 (sun). See also Hokkien 仲孫／仲孙 (Tiōng-sun), Tagalog Tiongson, Tagalog Pecson, Tagalog Siocson, Hokkien 伯仲叔季 (“order of seniority among brothers from eldest to youngest”).


Fuentebella

tl-proper noun

Fuentebella (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌ)

ᜉᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)


Balite

From balite, variant of balete (“banyan”).


Abrenica

Abrénicá (canonical)
ᜀᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜈᜒᜃ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐˌbɾɛː.n̪ɪˈxa]


Traqueña

[t̪ɾɐˈxɛː.ɲɐ]

[t̪ɾɐˈxɛn̪.jɐ]


tawilis

tl-noun

tawilis or tawilís (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜏᜒᜎᜒᜐ᜔)

tawilis (canonical)
tawilís (canonical)
ᜆᜏᜒᜎᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Sardinella tawilis
Wikispecies:Sardinella tawilis

freshwater sardinella (Sardinella tawilis)


Dimapilis

From di mapilis (literally “untwistable”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Tagalog, generally found in Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Bulacan and Oriental Mindoro


dagang puti

dagáng putî (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜄᜅ᜔ ᜉᜓᜆᜒ)

dagáng putî (canonical)
ᜇᜄᜅ᜔ ᜉᜓᜆᜒ (Baybayin)


dayukdok

dayukdók (canonical)
ᜇᜌᜓᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)


dalubhasaan

dalubhasaán (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜑᜐᜀᜈ᜔)

dalubhasaán (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜑᜐᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


dawi

bite of a fish on the bait attached to the hook


tapang

strength; potency (of wine, coffee, vinegar, etc.)


dagatan

[d̪ɐˈɣaː.t̪ɐn̪]


dalub-agham

dalúb-aghám (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜋ᜔)

dalúb-aghám (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)


kulugo

wart (especially an irregularly shaped one)

tender feather in birdlings (with still sanguinolent quill)

act of shaking fruits or berries with salt within a closed container


tarang

rapid stamping of feet (as in anger, tantrum, pain, etc.)


dambana

Borrowed from Sanskrit आलम्भन (ālambhana, “touching (the heart); sacrificing; killing”).


dulaan

[d̪ʊˈlaː.ʔɐn̪]


taray

[ˈt̪aː.ɾaɪ̯]

arrogance or contemptuousness in speech (especially of a woman)


ektarya

Borrowed from Spanish hectárea (“hectare”).


kukis

...KUKIS NAKU, NAG-ABALA KA PA NAMAN!

Ipinatong ng marurusing na bata ang kanilang mga baba sa gilid ng mesa, inamoy ang mga kukis at biskuwit, nagkakahiyaang nagtinginan at nagngitian.

1997, Ave Perez Jacob, Lagablab sa utak ni Damian Rosa at iba pang kuwento:


diitan

[ˌd̪iːˈʔiː.t̪ɐn̪]

[d̪ɪ.ʔɪˈt̪an̪]


diitan

tl-verb

diitán (complete diniitan, progressive dinidiitan, contemplative didiitan, Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜁᜆᜈ᜔)

diitán (canonical)
diniitan (completive)
dinidiitan (progressive)
didiitan (contemplative)
ᜇᜒᜁᜆᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
diit (root)
diitan (infinitive)
diniitan (completive root)
dinidiitan (progressive root)
inadiitan (dialectal progressive root)
didiitan (contemplative objective)
adiitan (contemplative dialectal objective)
diiti (dialectal imperative objective)

diitan

[ˌd̪iːˈʔiː.t̪ɐn̪]

[d̪ɪ.ʔɪˈt̪an̪]

to place one's fingerprints on something


kulabo

hazy; somewhat dark; not clear (of glass, water, liquids, atmosphere, etc.)


Magboo

From magbuo. Originated among the principalía (local nobility) of Batangas.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Batangas


dukha

Ultimately from Sanskrit दुःख (duḥkhá). Compare Malay duka.


kumapit sa patalim

kumapit sa patalím (complete kumapit sa patalim, progressive kumakapit sa patalim, contemplative kakapit sa patalim, 1st actor trigger, Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔)

kumapit sa patalím (canonical)
kumapit sa patalim (completive)
kumakapit sa patalim (progressive)
kakapit sa patalim (contemplative)
ᜃᜓᜋᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)
-um- (affix)
ᜓᜋ᜔ (affix)
kapit sa patalim (root)
ᜃᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔ (root)
actor (focus)
kakakapit sa patalim (completive formal past past-recent)
ᜃᜃᜃᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔ (completive formal past past-recent)
kumapit sa patalim (formal imperative)
ᜃᜓᜋᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔ (formal imperative)
kapit sa patalim (dialectal formal imperative)
ᜃᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔ (formal imperative)
kakakapit sa patalim (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜃᜃᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔ (completive informal past past-recent)
kumapit sa patalim (imperative informal)
ᜃᜓᜋᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔ (imperative informal)
kapit sa patalim (dialectal imperative informal)
ᜃᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔ (imperative informal)

tl-infl-table

kumapit sa patalim

kumapit sa patalim
 ᜃᜓᜋᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔
kungmapit sa patalim¹
ᜃᜓᜅ᜔ᜋᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔

kumakapit sa patalim
ᜃᜓᜋᜃᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔
kungmakapit sa patalim¹
 ᜃᜓᜅ᜔ᜋᜃᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔
nakapit sa patalim²
ᜈ ᜃᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔

kakapit sa patalim
 ᜃᜃᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔
makapit sa patalim²
ᜋ ᜃᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔

kumapit sa patalim
 ᜃᜓᜋᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔
kapit sa patalim²
ᜃᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔

¹Now archaic in Modern Tagalog.
²Dialectal use only.

Literally, “to clutch onto a blade”, from the proverb ang taong nagigipit, sa patalim kumakapit.

(idiomatic) to live in a dangerous or precarious situation; to live on the razor's edge

Napilitang kumapit sa patalim ng pagsasamantala ang mag-amang Itoy at Clemenia sa pag-babaka-sakaling maagaw sa kuko ng kamatayan ang asawa't inang may sakit kahit ang kanilang sarili ang maging kabayaran.

The father Itoy, and daughter Clemenia, were forced to hold on a blade (to exploit) in hopes of stealing his ill wife from the brink of death even if the payment was himself.

Biniro ko pa si Lino Brocka na kung meron siyang gagawing pelikulang Kapit sa Patalim, mas nauna akong kumapit sa patalim sa pagtatrabaho sa UL. Sinabi niyang sana raw ay hindi ako masugatan sa aking gagawin.

2004, Frank G. Rivera, Oyayi: sarswela ng pamilyang Pinoy, →ISBN:

I even made a joke to Lino Brocka that if he would make a film titled Kapit sa Patalim (“A Hold on a Blade”), I was first in holding on a blade (resorting to a strenous activity) by working at the [University of Life]. He said that he hopes I do not get wounded in what I would do.

Ilan ba sa mga iyon ang hindi natanggap at kumapit sa patalim para makakain? Lahat pinaiikot nga ng pera at kung wala ka nito ay kawawa ka.

2014, Taga Imus, Ang Mga Lihim ng Pulang Diary: Tagalog Gay Stories, Taga Imus M2M Books - TGIMS Publishing Services, →ISBN, page 69:

How many of them were rejected and held onto a blade (ditched to last resort) in order to eat? Everything really revolves about money, and if you don't have it, you'll be suffering.

(idiomatic) to resort to any activity, especially crime, to survive or earn a living

kumapit sa patalim
kumapit sa patalim#Tagalog


pakinggan

tl-verb

pakinggán (complete pinakinggan, progressive pinapakinggan, contemplative papakinggan, Baybayin spelling ᜉᜃᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜈ᜔)

pakinggán (canonical)
pinakinggan (completive)
pinapakinggan (progressive)
papakinggan (contemplative)
ᜉᜃᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
pa- -an (affix)
kinig (root)
pakinggan (infinitive)
pinakinggan (completive root)
pinapakinggan (progressive root)
pinakikinggan (progressive root)
papakinggan (contemplative)
pakikinggan (contemplative)

pakinggan

Syncopic form of pakinigan, from kinig + pa- -an.


Quimson

Borrowed from Hokkien 金孫／金孙 (kim-sun). Compare Tagalog Quimpo.


Quitain

[kɪˈt̪aː.ʔɪn̪]

From kitain. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Tagalog, originating in Batangas


dapal

measure equal to the breadth of the palm or open hand (with fingers together)


Sobrepeña

tl-proper noun

Sobrepeña (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜌ)

ᜐᜓᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)


Mangilit

[mɐˈŋiː.lɪt̪̚]


Ilao

From ilaw. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Ylao.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Tagalog, common in Batangas, Quezon and Oriental Mindoro


Nakpil

a surname, most associated with Julio Nakpil and his son, Juan Nakpil


Pantig

[pɐn̪ˈt̪iɡ̚]


Cantiveros

tl-proper noun

Cantiveros (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜊᜒᜇᜓᜐ᜔)

ᜃᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜊᜒᜇᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


bulate

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bulati (“roundworm; ascaris”).

inh+

intestinal worm; roundworm; any parasitic worm of the Ascaris genus


Dimagiba

From di magiba (“cannot be destroyed, indestructible”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Bulacan


diwata

[d̪ɪˈwaː.t̪ɐʔ]

Borrowed from Cebuano diwata, from Proto-Visayan *diwata, from Malay dewata, from Sanskrit देवता (devátā, “god, deity”). Compare Kapampangan diuata.

(mythology, folklore, obsolete) universal supreme being


diwata

Possibly from di + *wata, or directly from Sanskrit देवता (devátā).


Malimban

Malimbán (canonical)
ᜋᜎᜒᜋ᜔ᜊᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Cavite


Tarnate

[t̪ɐɾˈn̪aː.t̪ɛ]


Mapalad

From mapalad (“fortunate, lucky”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Batangas, Cavite, Laguna, Rizal, Quezon and Oriental Mindoro


Tullao

Compare Hokkien 張廖／张廖 (Tiuⁿ-Liāu, “a surname, also present in Zhao'an (詔安), Fujian (福建) and Taichung (臺中), Taiwan (臺灣)”).


Cabrillos

tl-proper noun

Cabrillos (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓᜐ᜔)

ᜃᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


Sioson

Borrowed from Spanish Sioson, from Hokkien 小孫／小孙 (siáu-sun, “modest term of address for one's grandson”).


Tagala

[t̪ɐˈɣaː.lɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish tagala, feminine form of tagalo (“Tagalog”).

feminine of Tagalog: female Tagalog (person)


pagtumpa

pagtumpá (canonical)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜆᜓᜋ᜔ᜉ (Baybayin)


katunggakan

tl-noun

katunggakán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜃᜈ᜔)

katunggakán (canonical)
ᜃᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜃᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


tumal

dullness; slowness; sluggishness; inactivity (of a business or market sales)


tumpa

route; course; direction (of wind, etc.)


tunggak

(colloquial, offensive) doltish; stupid; foolish; incompetent (of a woman)


palag

(figuratively) act of resistance; fighting back; retaliation


boodle fight

boodle fight (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜇᜒᜎ᜔ ᜉᜌ᜔ᜆ᜔)

ᜊᜓᜇᜒᜎ᜔ ᜉᜌ᜔ᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

Unadapted borrowing from English boodle fight. Used due to Tagalog-English code-switching (Taglish).


sukol

cornered; driven into a corner (thus unable to escape)


sukol

catching by cornering (of a criminal, fugitive, etc.)


Almendrala

tl-proper noun

Almendrala (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎ᜔ᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜇ᜔ᜇᜎ)

ᜀᜎ᜔ᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜇ᜔ᜇᜎ (Baybayin)


Macapugay

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Bulacan


Cuasay

a surname, mostly concentrated in Batangas


Abulencia

Abulénciá (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊᜓᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ)

Abulénciá (canonical)
ᜀᜊᜓᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐ.bʊˈlɛn̪.ʃɐ]


de Sagun

[d̪ɛ ˈsaː.ɣʊn̪]


Pagcaliwagan

Pagcaliwagan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜎᜒᜏᜄᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜎᜒᜏᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From pagkaliwagan. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Pagcaliuagan. The spelling is a partial modernization to abakada, influenced by Liwag (from earlier Liuag), largely displacing the original spelling.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

<i class="Latn mention" lang="tl">Pagcaliuagan</i>

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Batangas


anak-araw

anák-araw (canonical)
ᜀᜈᜃ᜔ᜀᜇᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐˌn̪ak ˈʔaː.ɾaʊ̯]


anayad

[ʔɐˈn̪aː.jɐd̪̚]


banayad

(linguistics) penultimate (in syllable stress)


lingawngaw

lingawngáw (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜅᜏ᜔ᜅᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)

[lɪ.ŋaʊ̯ˈŋaʊ̯]

unintelligible murmur of a crowd (especially heard from a far distance)


Dayanghirang

tl-proper noun

Dayanghirang (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜌᜅ᜔ᜑᜒᜇᜅ᜔)

[d̪ɐ.jɐŋˈhiː.ɾɐŋ]

From Dayang Hirang (“the Chosen Lady”), the title and name of a noblewoman from Batangas, which became a cognomen after conversion to Christianity and was adopted as hereditary surname thereafter during Spanish rule.

a surname from Tagalog, most common in Batangas


kalinggalan

tl-noun

kalinggalán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜎᜈ᜔)

kalinggalán (canonical)
ᜃᜎᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜎᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


maanak

[mɐˈʔaː.n̪ɐk̚]


maanak

[mɐˈʔaː.n̪ɐk̚]


Calalo

From kalalo. Old surname originating in Batangas.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Batangas


anak-pawis

anák-pawis (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜈᜃ᜔ᜉᜏᜒᜐ᜔)

anák-pawis (canonical)
ᜀᜈᜃ᜔ᜉᜏᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

From anak + pawis, literally “child of sweat”.


anayo

anayo (canonical)
anayò (canonical)
ᜀᜈᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


anlaw

rinsed as the last process of washing (of clothes)


espiya

tl-noun

espiya or espiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜒᜌ)

espiya (canonical)
espiyá (canonical)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜒᜌ (Baybayin)


masurka

Borrowed from Spanish mazurca (“mazurka”).


Taguba

[t̪ɐˈɣuː.bɐ]


Caguiat

a surname from Tagalog, common in Cavite and Batangas


Dimailig

[d̪ɪ.mɐˈʔiː.lɪɡ̚]


Masangcay

Masangcáy (canonical)
ᜋᜐᜅ᜔ᜃᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


litang

pried loose; dislodged (as of steps of stairs loosened or falling off)


Exconde

ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒ (Baybayin)


Manguiat

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Tagalog, most concentrated in Batangas


linggi

(carpentry) narrow, deep, and long mortise on wood


Gatbonton

tl-proper noun

Gatbontón (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜆ᜔ᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜈ᜔)

Gatbontón (canonical)
ᜄᜆ᜔ᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


Domantay

Domantáy (canonical)
ᜇᜓᜋᜈ᜔ᜆᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


de Veyra

[d̪ɛ ˈveɪ̯.ɾɐ]

[d̪ɛ ˈbeɪ̯.ɾɐ]


Torrecampo

Torrecampo (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜇᜒᜃᜋ᜔ᜉᜓ)


maygulang

[maɪ̯ˈɣuː.lɐŋ]


Lingad

[ˈliː.ŋɐd̪̚]


Narag

[ˈn̪aː.ɾɐɡ̚]


Castrence

Castrence (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒ)

ᜃᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish, from castrense with spelling influenced by seseo.


Armamento

Armamento (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇ᜔ᜋᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜀᜇ᜔ᜋᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish armamento (“armament”).


Pagtakhan

Pagtakhán (canonical)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜆᜃ᜔ᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From taka + pag- -han. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Pagtachan; spelling is an indigenization of the original, dating from around the late 19th century.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Cavite


Villaruz

Villarúz (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜇᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


Caluag

tl-proper noun

Caluag (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜓᜏᜄ᜔ or ᜃᜎᜓᜀᜄ᜔)

[kɐˈluː.ɐɡ̚]

[kɐˈluː.ʔɐɡ̚]

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Bulacan


lingindayat

tl-noun

lingindayat or lingindayát (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜅᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜌᜆ᜔)

lingindayat (canonical)
lingindayát (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜅᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜌᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

[lɪ.ŋɪn̪ˈd̪aː.jɐt̪̚]

From lingi (“a type of grass”) + -n- + *dayat. Compare Kapampangan dayat (“rice field”).


Arrogante

[ʔɐ.ɾoˈɣan̪.t̪ɛ]


Mangaoang

[mɐˈŋaː.wɐŋ]

Borrowed from Pangasinan Mangaoang, from mangawang.


Venturina

[vɛn̪.t̪ʊˈɾiː.n̪ɐ]

[bɛn̪.t̪ʊˈɾiː.n̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish, from venturina (“aventurine”).


lingming

lingmíng (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜅ᜔ᜋᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


lipya

tl-noun

lipyà or lipyâ (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜉ᜔ᜌ)

lipyà (canonical)
lipyâ (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜉ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Hokkien 犁壁 (lê-piah, “moldboard”, literally “plow wall”) as per Manuel (1948).


Manglicmot

tl-proper noun

Manglicmót (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜅ᜔ᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜋᜓᜆ᜔)

Manglicmót (canonical)
ᜋᜅ᜔ᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜋᜓᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

Of Ilocano origin, possibly from Ilocano manglikmut.


Villagracia

Villagracia (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜄ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔ᜌ)

ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜄ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)

[vɪl.jɐˈɡɾaː.ʃɐ]

[bɪl.jɐˈɡɾaː.ʃɐ]


Herradura

Herradura (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜇᜇᜓᜇ or ᜑᜒᜇᜇᜓᜇ)

[ʔɛ.ɾɐˈd̪uː.ɾɐ]

[hɛ.ɾɐˈd̪uː.ɾɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish, from herradura (“horseshoe”).


dela Calzada

tl-head

delá Calzada (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜎ ᜃᜎ᜔ᜐᜇ)

delá Calzada (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜎ ᜃᜎ᜔ᜐᜇ (Baybayin)


Paragas

[pɐˈɾaː.ɣɐs]


padpo

dish mixture of vegetables and nuts with thick sauce


de Borja

Originally a noble form of Borja (from Spanish), or a toponymic surname, after Borja (town in Spain)


Mananquil

Mananquíl (canonical)
ᜋᜈᜅ᜔ᜃᜒᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


Ricafort

Ricafórt (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜃᜉᜓᜇ᜔ᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Catalan Ricafort, probably from earlier Rocafort. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Catalan, mostly found in Quezon


Tatlonghari

tl-proper noun

Tatlongharì (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜆ᜔ᜎᜓᜅ᜔ᜑᜇᜒ)

Tatlongharì (canonical)
ᜆᜆ᜔ᜎᜓᜅ᜔ᜑᜇᜒ (Baybayin)

[t̪ɐt̪.l̪oŋˈhaː.ɾɪʔ]

From Tatlong Hari (“Magi”, literally “three kings”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Batangas, Laguna and Quezon


Segismundo

tl-proper noun

Segismundo (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜑᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜓ or ᜐᜒᜄᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜓ)

ᜐᜒᜑᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
ᜐᜒᜄᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)


matabang isda

tl-noun

matabáng isdâ (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜆᜊᜅ᜔ ᜁᜐ᜔ᜇ)

matabáng isdâ (canonical)
ᜋᜆᜊᜅ᜔ ᜁᜐ᜔ᜇ (Baybayin)

[mɐ.t̪ɐˌbaŋ ʔɪsˈd̪aʔ]


de Chavez

tl-proper noun

de Chavez (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒ ᜆ᜔ᜐᜊᜒᜐ᜔)

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Dechavez, since reinterpreted as the particle de and the surname Chavez (from earlier Chaves) by rebracketing. Compare the Cebuano surnames Echavez and Luchavez.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Spanish, common in Batangas


sapnit

(medicine) wound obtained by a slanting graze or stroke or something sharp (such as blade, bullet, etc.)


sandakati

sandakatì (canonical)
ᜐᜈ᜔ᜇᜃᜆᜒ (Baybayin)


Sto. Domingo

tl-proper noun

Sto. Domingo (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ ᜇᜓᜋᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ)

ᜐᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ ᜇᜓᜋᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ (Baybayin)

Shorthand form of Santo Domingo, from Spanish.


Sangalang

[sɐŋˈɡaː.lɐŋ]

From sanggalang (“to defend”). Can be loosely translated as "defender". Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Sangalan, respelled to match etymology.


sangod

running into a protrusion on a surface that causes interruption (as in planing a piece of lumber)


sangmukti

sangmuktî (canonical)
ᜐᜅ᜔ᜋᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)


sikwan

threaded, spindle-like tool for net-weaving


Maligaya

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Batangas


monay

From Spanish monja + -ay, from Spanish pan de monja (literally “cloistered nun's bread”).

der

(colloquial, euphemistic) female sex organ


matamis ang dila

tl-adj

matamís ang dilà (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜆᜋᜒᜐ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜇᜒᜎ)

matamís ang dilà (canonical)
ᜋᜆᜋᜒᜐ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜇᜒᜎ (Baybayin)


sanghid

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *səŋ(ə)hij. Compare Malay sengit.


matigas ang ulo

matigás ang ulo (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜆᜒᜄᜐ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜂᜎᜓ)

matigás ang ulo (canonical)
ᜋᜆᜒᜄᜐ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜂᜎᜓ (Baybayin)

[mɐ.t̪ɪˌɣas ʔɐŋ ˈʔuː.lo]


masamang damo

tl-noun

masamáng damó (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜋᜅ᜔ ᜇᜋᜓ)

masamáng damó (canonical)
ᜋᜐᜋᜅ᜔ ᜇᜋᜓ (Baybayin)

Ang masamang damo matagal mamatay.

(literally, “The bad grass takes long to die.”)


Tirona

[t̪ɪˈɾoː.n̪ɐ]


Bauzon

From Hokkien [Term?], via Spanish Bauzon.


Menchavez

tl-proper noun

Menchavez (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜐᜊᜒᜐ᜔)

ᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜐᜊᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


Talag

[ˈt̪aː.lɐɡ̚]


Laquindanum

Laquindanum (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜃᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜈᜓᜋ᜔)

ᜎᜃᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜈᜓᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

a surname from Kapampangan, mostly concentrated in Pampanga


Tanglao

[t̪ɐn̪ˈlaʊ̯]


Mangulabnan

Mangulabnán (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜅᜓᜎᜊ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔)

Mangulabnán (canonical)
ᜋᜅᜓᜎᜊ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From mangulabnan, from kulaba. Old surname originating in Nueva Ecija.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Nueva Ecija


Magpayo

From magpayo (“to give advice”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Metro Manila, Bulacan and Nueva Ecija


Fontillas

Fontillas (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜐ᜔)

ᜉᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


Polintan

Polintán (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


Villamin

Víllamín (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜋᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


sanggi

unintentional mention of something that brings up a painful memory


Dumaguing

[d̪ʊˈmaː.ɣɪŋ]


Sta. Cruz

Sta. Cruz (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔ᜆ ᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜐ᜔)

ᜐᜈ᜔ᜆ ᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Shorthand form of Santa Cruz, from Spanish


Macapinlac

Macapinlác (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜃᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜎᜃ᜔)

Macapinlác (canonical)
ᜋᜃᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜎᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)


Pagdilao

Pagdiláo (canonical)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜇᜒᜎᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)

[pɐɡ.d̪ɪˈlaʊ̯]


Patiag

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Nueva Ecija and Quezon


Maghirang

[mɐɡˈhiː.ɾɐŋ]

a surname from Tagalog, common in Laguna, Batangas and Quezon


Macasieb

Macasiéb (canonical)
ᜋᜃᜐ᜔ᜌᜒᜊ᜔ (Baybayin)

[mɐ.xɐˈʃɛb̚]


Punongbayan

Púnongbáyan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜈᜓᜅ᜔ᜊᜌᜈ᜔)

Púnongbáyan (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜈᜓᜅ᜔ᜊᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From punong-bayan (modern pinunong-bayan), probably originating as a title adapted into surname by the principalía.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Cavite, Bulacan, Batangas and Laguna


Cabuhat

From kabuhat. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna and Nueva Ecija


Arquiza

[ʔɐɾˈkiː.zɐ]

[ʔɐɾˈkiː.sɐ]


Laxamana

Borrowed from Kapampangan Laxamana, American-era respelling of Lacsamana, from Sanskrit. Originated among the Kapampangan principalía.


Antiporda

tl-proper noun

Antiporda (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜉᜓᜇ᜔ᜇ)

ᜀᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜉᜓᜇ᜔ᜇ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐn̪.t̪ɪˈpoɾ.d̪ɐ]


Pinlac

Of Kapampangan origin. See also Macapinlac.


Dijamco

Dijamco (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜑᜋ᜔ᜃᜓ or ᜇᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜋ᜔ᜃᜓ)


Labastida

Borrowed from Spanish Labastida, from la + Basque Bastida.

a surname from Spanish [in turn from Basque]


salwa

many tasks accumulated unbegun, undone, and unfinished


Sta. Maria

Sta. Maria (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔ᜆ ᜋᜇᜒᜌ)

a Christian surname from Spanish, an abbreviated form of Santa Maria


sanggano

Borrowed from Spanish zángano (“idler”).

idler; loafer; sponger; good-for-nothing fellow


Buenviaje

Buenviaje (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜊᜒᜌᜑᜒ)

ᜊᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜊᜒᜌᜑᜒ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish, taken from the name of the Our Lady of Peace and Good Voyage (Nuestra Señora de la Paz y Buen Viaje).


panay

of one kind; pure; unmixed; all inclusive


panay

(obsolete) a type of rice planted in high places


Cedeño

[sɛˈd̪ɛː.ɲo]


Kabigting

Kabigtíng (canonical)
ᜃᜊᜒᜄ᜔ᜆᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


Remulla

a surname, most associated with the:
Remulla family of Cavite
Jonvic Remulla, Governor of Cavite


Nicdao

[n̪ɪkˈd̪aʊ̯]

A barangay of Baungon, Bukidnon, Philippines


Barayuga

[bɐ.ɾɐˈjuː.ɣɐ]


Cabangbang

Cabangbáng (canonical)
ᜃᜊᜅ᜔ᜊᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


Magbitang

[mɐɡˈbiː.t̪ɐŋ]

Old surname originating in Nueva Ecija (them Upper Pampanga).

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Nueva Ecija and Bulacan


Villasin

Villasín (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜐᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


Mangalindan

Mangalindán (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜅᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜈ᜔)

Mangalindán (canonical)
ᜋᜅᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


Jovellanos

Jovellanos (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜓᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜈᜓᜐ᜔)

ᜑᜓᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜈᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish, originally a compound surname (Jove y Llanos).


Abenojar

Abenojár (canonical)
ᜀᜊᜒᜈᜓᜑᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


Villaseñor

Villaseñór (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜌᜓᜇ᜔)

Villaseñór (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜌᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


Monsalud

Monsalúd (canonical)
ᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜎᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


lipana

extensive wandering looking for targets or victims (of pickpockets, government agents, etc.)


Bagtas

After Bagtas, also spelled Balagtas, a Tagalog nobleman who ruled Namayan, a historical polity located in what is now Santa Ana, a district of present-day Manila.

A barangay of Tanza, Cavite, Philippines


Magadia

[mɐˈɣaː.d͡ʒɐ]

From mag-adya (“to deliver; to salvage; to redeem”). Originated as a personal name among the principalía (nobility) of Batangas.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Batangas


Ebreo

Ebreo or Ébreó (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜓ)

Ebreo (canonical)
Ébreó (canonical)
ᜁᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


Cudiamat

Cudiamat or Cudiamát (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜋᜆ᜔)

Cudiamat (canonical)
Cudiamát (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜋᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

[kʊˈd͡ʒaː.mɐt̪̚]


Lumagui

a surname from Tagalog, common in Batangas, Oriental Mindoro and Marinduque


Sabangan

Mountain Province
Mountain Province#English

A municipality of Mountain Province, Philippines.


Ticzon

Borrowed from Spanish Ticzon, from Hokkien 德孫／德孙 (tek-sun). See also Hokkien 叔孫／叔孙 (chek-sun).

Candaba
Pampanga
San Andres Apostol Church (Candaba)


Southern Leyte

Southern Leyte (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜂᜆ᜔ᜑᜒᜇ᜔ᜈ᜔ ᜎᜒᜌ᜔ᜆᜒ)

ᜐᜓᜂᜆ᜔ᜑᜒᜇ᜔ᜈ᜔ ᜎᜒᜌ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)

[ˌsaʊ̯.t̪əɹn̪ ˈleɪ̯.t̪ɛ]

Borrowed from English Southern Leyte, from southern + Leyte.

Southern Leyte (a province of Eastern Visayas, Visayas, Philippines; capital and largest city: Maasin)


Bulaong

Borrowed from Kapampangan, from bulaun (“molave”).


Cachuela

[kɐˈt͡ʃwɛː.lɐ]


Yuvienco

ᜌᜓᜊ᜔ᜌᜒᜅ᜔ᜃᜓ (Baybayin)


Monteclaro

Monteclaro (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜃ᜔ᜎᜇᜓ)

ᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜃ᜔ᜎᜇᜓ (Baybayin)


Caraan

[kɐˈɾaː.ʔɐn̪]

From kadaan. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.


Edrada

[ʔɛd̪ˈɾaː.d̪ɐ]


Lagunday

Lagundáy (canonical)
ᜎᜄᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

[lɐ.ɣʊn̪ˈd̪aɪ̯]


Ramiscal

Ramiscál (canonical)
ᜇᜋᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


Sumibcay

Sumibcáy (canonical)
ᜐᜓᜋᜒᜊ᜔ᜃᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


Oconer

[ˌʔoː.xoˈn̪ɛɾ]


Buencamino

Buencamino (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜏᜒᜅ᜔ᜃᜋᜒᜈᜓ)

ᜊᜓᜏᜒᜅ᜔ᜃᜋᜒᜈᜓ (Baybayin)


Buenaflor

Buenaflór (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜏᜒᜈᜉ᜔ᜎᜓᜇ᜔)

Buenaflór (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜏᜒᜈᜉ᜔ᜎᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


Buhain

From buhayin (“to give life”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Cavite and Batangas


Montealto

Montealto (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜀᜎ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜀᜎ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)


Resuello

ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜏᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


Agregado

[ʔɐ.ɡɾɛˈɣaː.d̪o]


Recto

a surname, most associated with the:
Recto political family of Batangas
Claro M. Recto

a surname, most associated with the:
Recto political family of Batangas
Ralph Recto


Salvanera

[sɐl.vɐˈn̪ɛː.ɾɐ]

[sɐl.bɐˈn̪ɛː.ɾɐ]

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.


Tamondong

Tamondóng (canonical)
ᜆᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


Alfeche

[ʔɐlˈfɛː.t͡ʃɛ]

[ʔɐlˈpɛː.t͡ʃɛ]

(more native-sounding, no yod coalescence) -etse


Bantugan

[bɐn̪ˈt̪uː.ɣɐn̪]

Borrowed from Cebuano Bantugan. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

a surname from Cebuano, common in Bataan


Gerodias

Geródiás or Gerodias (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒᜇᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜐ᜔ or ᜑᜒᜇᜓᜇᜒᜌᜐ᜔)

Geródiás (canonical)
Gerodias (canonical)
ᜑᜒᜇᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
ᜑᜒᜇᜓᜇᜒᜌᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

[hɛˈɾoː.d͡ʒɐs]


Abrera

[ʔɐˈbɾɛː.ɾɐ]


parokyano

(business) patron; regular customer, as of a certain store or restaurant


de Guzman

de Guzmán (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒ ᜄᜓᜐ᜔ᜋᜈ᜔)

de Guzmán (canonical)
ᜇᜒ ᜄᜓᜐ᜔ᜋᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

a common surname from Spanish, most concentrated in Metro Manila, Bulacan and Nueva Ecija


Ranada

[ɾɐˈn̪aː.d̪ɐ]


Bumanlag

Bumanlág (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜋᜈ᜔ᜎᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)


nguya

Uncertain. Blust 2010- tentatively posits this is from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ŋuyaq, and is cognate with Malay kunyah, but this comparison is phonologically problematic, and the most likely origin of the word being a back-formation from hypothetical *manguyà (mang- + *kuyà), *kuyà being from the tentative reconstruction *kuyaq.


gitnang pangalan

tl-noun

gitnáng pangalan (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜉᜅᜎᜈ᜔)

gitnáng pangalan (canonical)
ᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜉᜅᜎᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ɡɪt̪ˌn̪am pɐˈŋaː.lɐn̪]


paktor

paktor or paktór (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔)

paktor (canonical)
paktór (canonical)
ᜉᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from English factor or from Spanish factor.


Magallanes

tl-proper noun

Magallanes (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄᜎ᜔ᜌᜈᜒᜐ᜔)

Borrowed from Spanish Magallanes, from Portuguese Magalhães.
The places are named after Ferdinand Magellan (Spanish: Fernando de Magallanes); the place in Agusan del Norte claimed to be the location of the first Mass in the Philippines.

Several municipalities in the Philippines

Agusan del Norte
Agusan del Norte#English

A municipality of Agusan del Norte, Philippines

A barangay of Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines


Pagdanganan

Pagdanganan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜇᜅᜈᜈ᜔)

[pɐɡ.d̪ɐˈŋaː.n̪ɐn̪]

From dangan + pag- -an. Old surname originating in Bulacan.

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Bulacan


Manalaysay

Manalaysáy (canonical)
ᜋᜈᜎᜌ᜔ᜐᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

From manalaysay. Compare Kapampangan Manalese.


Cendaña

[sɛn̪ˈd̪aː.ɲɐ]


Lumanlan

Lumanlán (canonical)
ᜎᜓᜋᜈ᜔ᜎᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


Caraig

[kɐˈɾaː.ʔɪɡ̚]

a surname from Tagalog, most common in Batangas


Medenilla

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Medinilla. Spelling reflects a change of unstressed /i/ to ⟨e⟩.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Spanish, mostly concentrated in Quezon


Suguitan

[sʊˈɣiː.t̪ɐn̪]


kilaw

prepared by cutting into small pieces and marinated (in vinegar with salt, onion, black pepper, and other condiments, of a fish or meat dish)

young; juvenile; youthful; inexperienced


kilaw

act of preparing by cutting into small pieces and marinated (in vinegar with salt, onion, black pepper, and other condiments, of a fish or meat dish, eaten half-cooked or raw)

kinilaw (Filipino ceviche dish consisting of cubed raw fish marinated in vinegar or calamondin juice along with vegetables and spices)

green fruit (especially mango) sliced and marinated with salt, onion, and black pepper


Leyte

A province of Eastern Visayas, Visayas, Philippines. Capital and largest city: Tacloban

An island in Eastern Visayas, Visayas, Philippines

A municipality of Leyte, Eastern Visayas, Visayas, Philippines


Cadapan

a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Laguna and Occidental Mindoro


Benipayo

a surname from Tagalog, common in Cavite and Laguna


Cagalingan

[kɐ.ɣɐˈliː.ŋɐn̪]


tulad

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tulad. Compare Malay teladan.

likeness; something similar or alike to another


akolito

Borrowed from Spanish acólito, from Late Latin acolythus, from Ancient Greek ἀκόλουθος (akólouthos, “follower, attendant”).


bakong

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bakuŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *bakuŋ.


Almaden

[ʔɐl.mɐˈd̪ɛn̪]

Borrowed from Spanish Almadén, from Arabic اَلْمَعْدِن (al-maʕdin, “the mine”).


gawak

wasting of funds; misappropriation of money or property


Zavalla

Variant of Spanish Zavala, alternative spelling of Zabala, from Basque


dela Vega

delá Vega (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜎ ᜊᜒᜄ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɛˌla ˈvɛː.ɣɐ]

[d̪ɛˌla ˈbɛː.ɣɐ]


inip

From Proto-Austronesian *qinəp (“lie down to sleep”), according to Zorc (1985). Compare Javanese ꦲꦶꦤꦼꦥ꧀ (inep) and Malay inep.


kislap

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *kis(ə)láp. Compare Ilocano kislap and Cebuano kislap.


demonyo

Borrowed from Spanish demonio, from Latin daemonium, from Ancient Greek δαιμόνιον (daimónion).


demonyo

(vulgar) said in anger, annoyance or other strong emotion


Corpus

Borrowed from Latin, likely a reference to the Corpus Christi.


kapatawaran

kapatawarán (canonical)
ᜃᜉᜆᜏᜇᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


pamalo

spanker (instrument for spanking, usually a stick)


pantiyon

pantiyón (canonical)
ᜉᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


kinatawan

kinatawán (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜈᜆᜏᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From katawan + -in-, literally “embodied”.

(politics) delegate; representative; congressperson


kinatawan

representing someone (in a certain capacity or responsibility)


indulhensiya

tl-noun

indulhénsiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜎ᜔ᜑᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ)

indulhénsiyá (canonical)
ᜁᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜎ᜔ᜑᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)

[ʔɪn̪.d̪ʊlˈhɛn̪.ʃɐ]

Sapagkat iniisip nilang ipatatawag sila'y naghintay ang mga nabanggit sa pamamagitan ng pagtatalu-talo ukol sa pagpaparami ng indulhensiya plenarya at sa pagkakasunud-sunod ng mga dasal. Nauwi ang usapan sa pagpaparunggitan na ...

year unknown, Noli Me Tangere Ni Jose Rizal 1999 Ed., Rex Bookstore, Inc., page 90

Pinupuna, halimbawa, ang mangmang at kakatwang pagpapalalo ng mga taong nagsasabing sila'y deboto, na walang katuturang nagtatalo kung sino sa kanila ang nagkaroon ng higit na indulhensiya para makapagligtas ng mga kaluluwang ...

1991, José Rizal, Patricia Melendrez- Cruz, Apolonio Bayani Chua, Himalay: Kalipunan ng mga pag-aaral kay José Rizal, →ISBN:

Sa pagsusumanga ni J. de Man, “Pinagsasamantalahan itong [panahon] ng mga Indio para makarami ng indulhensiya at mga sagradong medalyon." Ngunit sa mundong temporal mayroong madalas napagkakanyaw, wika nga, isang ...

1995, Arnold Molina Azurin, Reinventing the Filipino Sense of Being & Becoming: Critical Analyses of the Orthodox Views in Anthropology, History, Folklore & Letters, University of the Philippines Press:


pasukan

tl-verb

pasukan (complete pinasukan, progressive pinapasukan, contemplative papasukan, 1st directional trigger, Baybayin spelling ᜉᜐᜓᜃᜈ᜔)

pinasukan (completive)
pinapasukan (progressive)
papasukan (contemplative)
trigger (directional first-person)
ᜉᜐᜓᜃᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
pasok (root)
object (focus)
benefactive (focus)
directional (focus)
pasukan (infinitive)
pinasukan (completive root)
pinapasukan (progressive root)
inapasukan (dialectal progressive root)
papasukan (contemplative)
apasukan (contemplative dialectal)
pasuki (dialectal imperative)

pasukan

to serve as the entrance or the way of entry of something


Arcinas

[ʔɐɾˈsiː.n̪ɐs]


Aldover

Aldovér (canonical)
ᜀᜎ᜔ᜇᜓᜊᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


Bool

From buol (“ankle”) or Bikol Central buol (“heel”).

a surname of southern Tagalog or Bicolano origin


Malihan

a surname from Tagalog, common in Batangas and variant of Malijan based on abakada spelling


Salagubang

a surname from Tagalog, most common in Batangas


Banawa

From Cebuano Banawa, from banawa (“rice paddy”).


Dimatatac

Dimatatác (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜋᜆᜆᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)


Aguda

[ʔɐˈɣuː.d̪ɐ]

Ultimately from Spanish aguda, feminine form of agudo (“sharp, keen”).


Ragudo

[ɾɐˈɣuː.d̪o]


Calinisan

From kalinisan (“cleanliness”). Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Tagalog, common in Batangas


Palacol

Hispanicized spelling of palakol (“ax”).

a surname from Tagalog, most common in Cavite and Laguna


reseta

[ɾɛˈsɛː.t̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish receta, from Latin recepta.


Endaya

[ʔɛn̪ˈd̪aː.jɐ]

Alternate Spanish transcription of Basque Hendaia (“Hendaye; town in Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France”), usually transcribed as Hendaya.


de la Cruz

tl-proper noun

de la Cruz (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒ ᜎ ᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜐ᜔)


dela Torre

delá Torre (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜎ ᜆᜓᜇᜒ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɛˌla ˈt̪oː.ɾɛ]

Borrowed from Spanish de la Torre. Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as de la Torre.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Spanish, common in Metro Manila, Bulacan and Laguna


Trillanes

tl-proper noun

Trillanes (Baybayin spelling ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜈᜒᜐ᜔)

ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜈᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

a surname, most associated with Antonio Trillanes IV


Boongaling

Boongalíng (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜂᜅ᜔ᜄᜎᜒᜅ᜔)

Boongalíng (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜂᜅ᜔ᜄᜎᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)

Introduced through the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, then as Boongalin, eventually respelled Boongaling.

Catálogo alfabético de apellidos

a surname from Tagalog, mostly found in Batangas


kolonyalismo

tl-noun

kolonyalismo (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎᜓᜈ᜔ᜌᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)

ᜃᜓᜎᜓᜈ᜔ᜌᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish colonialismo. By surface analysis, kolonyal + -ismo.


panyakit

panyakít (canonical)
ᜉᜈ᜔ᜌᜃᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)


langyot

caressing expression in a baby-talk manner accompanied by fondling (usually from child to parent)


laguslos

laguslós (canonical)
ᜎᜄᜓᜐ᜔ᜎᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

sound of trickling water over a rough surface

fast current of water passing through a rough surface or through rapids


hirol

squirming or writhing pain (as when one's finger is hit with a hammer)


laskuta

Borrowed from Spanish la escota (“the sailing sheet”).


lapig

(nautical) a type of sea vessel (similar to a biray)


laganas

slashing noise of falling timber (produced from break at trunk)


lanlan

singing without the proper lyrics (especially with the syllables lan)


langkaw

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laŋkaw.


hugpong

juncture; point of connection between two things

addition to the side of something (to enlarge or lengthen it further)


silay

glimpse; brief, quick look; passing look


tiyong

tl-noun

tiyóng (feminine tiyang, Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜌᜓᜅ᜔)

tiyóng (canonical)
tiyang (feminine)
ᜆᜒᜌᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


luwang

From Proto-Philippine *luaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *luaŋ (“wide open space”), from Proto-Austronesian *luaŋ (“hole in the ground, wide open space”).

inh

(by extension) size; measurement (of clothing apparel, etc.)


lubay

cessation; relaxation; easing up (of jokes, insults, reproaches, etc.)

looseness (state of not being stretched)


idaw

Compare Ilocano idaw, Limos Kalinga idaw, Central Bontoc idew / ichew, Batad Ifugao īdaw, Tuwali Ifugao ido.

[ˈʔiː.d̪aʊ̯]

(zoology) rooster with black and white plumage and black legs


idaw

[ˈʔiː.d̪aʊ̯]

Idaw nga kung may alahas ka?

(literally, “How about a display if you have jewelries?”)

dare to display or demonstrate something (usually said with nga)


balatok

tl-noun

balatok or balatók (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜎᜆᜓᜃ᜔)

balatok (canonical)
balatók (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜆᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)


balatok

act of hitting or striking with a piece of short and slender object


layanglayang

láyangláyang (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜌᜅ᜔ᜎᜌᜅ᜔)

láyangláyang (canonical)
ᜎᜌᜅ᜔ᜎᜌᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


piho

Borrowed from Spanish fijo, from Latin fīxus.

Pihong ikaw ay mapapatay.

1917, Leonard Bloomfield, Tagalog texts with grammatical analysis, page 24:


gitgit

[ɡɪt̪ˈɡit̪̚]

jostling; act of elbowing one's way into a thick crowd

small nick; small cut (made by a bladed instrument)

cutting of a small nick (by pressing backward and forward a bladed instrument)

welt left by tight binding material (such as string, wire, cord, etc.)


gitgit

[ɡɪt̪ˈɡit̪̚]

marked by the pressure of a cord or wire around something


iling

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *iliŋ (“shake the head in negation; shake the head side by side”).

inh

shaking of one's head to express disapproval, dislike, or denial


ngalangala

[ŋɐˌlaː.ŋɐˈla]

Unknown. Compare Sanskrit गल (gala, “neck; throat”).


isangla

tl-verb

isanglâ (complete isinangla, progressive isinasangla, contemplative isasangla, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐᜅ᜔ᜎ)

isanglâ (canonical)
isinangla (completive)
isinasangla (progressive)
isasangla (contemplative)
ᜁᜐᜅ᜔ᜎ (Baybayin)
sangla (root)
isangla (infinitive)
isinangla (completive root)
isinasangla (progressive root)
inasangla (dialectal progressive root)
isasangla (contemplative objective)
asangla (contemplative dialectal objective)
isangla (imperative objective)
sanglaan (dialectal imperative objective)

tl-infl-i

isangla

isangla


kulasisi

tl-noun

kulasisì or kulasisi (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎᜐᜒᜐᜒ)

kulasisì (canonical)
kulasisi (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜎᜐᜒᜐᜒ (Baybayin)

From Proto-Central Philippine *kulasisi (“parakeet; lorikeet”). Compare Cebuano kulasisi and Tausug kulisi'.

Loriculus philippensis
Loriculus philippensis#Translingual

Philippine hanging parrot (Loriculus philippensis)

(colloquial) mistress; concubine; paramour


kagaya

Kagaya ng pusa ko ang pusa mo.


kagaya

likeness; something similar or alike to another


ngingi

(anatomy) space or angle between fingers or toes


ngangayon

[ˌŋaː.ŋɐˈjon̪]

Ngangayon mo lamang sinabi iyan.


bahay-itlog

bahay-itlóg (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜑᜌ᜔ᜁᜆ᜔ᜎᜓᜄ᜔)

bahay-itlóg (canonical)
ᜊᜑᜌ᜔ᜁᜆ᜔ᜎᜓᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ˌbaː.haɪ̯ ʔɪt̪ˈl̪oɡ̚]


hasang

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hasaŋ. Compare Bikol Central asang, Cebuano hasang, Ilocano asang, Kiput iëŋ, Malay insang, and Yami arang.

inh+

(music) tool covering the hole of wind instruments

(by extension) tool that covers lock holes


Adrias

[ʔɐd̪ˈɾiː.ɐs]


Bergonia

[bɛɾˈɡoː.ɲɐ]


Furagganan

tl-proper noun

Furagganan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜇᜄ᜔ᜄᜈᜈ᜔)

[fʊ.ɾɐɡˈɡaː.n̪ɐn̪]

[pʊ.ɾɐɡˈɡaː.n̪ɐn̪]


tikwi

tl-noun

tikwî or tikwí (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜃ᜔ᜏᜒ)

tikwî (canonical)
tikwí (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜃ᜔ᜏᜒ (Baybayin)


ponkan

Borrowed from English ponkan, from Japanese 椪柑(ポンかん) (ponkan), from Hokkien 椪柑 (phòng-kam).

Citrus poonensis
Wikispecies:Citrus poonensis

ponkan (Citrus poonensis, a species of citrus fruit, similar to a tangerine (fruit), mandarin orange, orange)

(colloquial) tangerine (fruit); mandarin orange; orange (fruit)


langaray

[lɐˈŋaː.ɾaɪ̯]


pagpapaagas

pagpapaagas (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜉᜉᜀᜄᜐ᜔)


sangab

inhalation of medicine, smoke, air, etc. (especially through the mouth)

area of exposure to sunlight, heat of fire, wind, blast, etc.

drinking headlong while holding one's breath

land marker to indicate ownership or extent of property


baklas

dismantled; forcibly detached; disassembled


langgotse

[lɐŋˈɡoː.t͡ʃɛ]

A corruption of Mexican Spanish guangoche (“burlap”). However, Panganiban (1973) says this is from Chinese instead.


gamugamo

[ɡɐˌmuː.ɣɐˈmo]

small moth (such as those usually flying around a flame)


pakla

acridness; tartness in taste (especially of unripe fruit)


sebada

Borrowed from Spanish cebada (“barley”).


sandok

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sanduk (“spoon, ladle”). Compare Malay sendok and Sundanese ᮞᮦᮔ᮪ᮓᮧᮊ᮪ (séndok). Doublet of salok.

inh

ladle; scoop (originally those made of coconut shell with a bamboo handle)


sipol

Borrowed from Spanish chiflo or Spanish chifle.


kasaykasay

kásaykásay (canonical)
ᜃᜐᜌ᜔ᜃᜐᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

white-collared kingfisher (Todiramphus chloris subsp. collaris)


salbabida

Borrowed from Spanish salvavidas (“life preserver”).


Salumbides

tl-proper noun

Salumbides (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜇᜒᜐ᜔)

ᜐᜎᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜇᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


Jumarang

[hʊˈmaː.ɾɐŋ]

a surname from Tagalog, concentrated in Batangas


Malibiran

From malibiran (“to be encircled, to be spun”)

a surname from Tagalog, common in Batangas


videoke

tl-noun

videoke (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜓᜃᜒ or ᜊᜒᜇᜒᜌᜓᜃᜒ)


bidyoke

Borrowed from English videoke, from a blend of video + karaoke.

videoke (karaoke, specifically with video on a screen with lyrics)

videoke machine (karaoke machine, specifically including video with lyrics on a screen singers read from)


tan-aw

[t̪ɐn̪ˈʔaʊ̯]


tan-aw

[t̪ɐn̪ˈʔaʊ̯]


bugbog-sarado

tl-adj

bugbóg-sarado (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜄ᜔ᜊᜓᜄ᜔ᜐᜇᜇᜓ)

bugbóg-sarado (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜄ᜔ᜊᜓᜄ᜔ᜐᜇᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

"Pambihira si Apong... alam naman niyang bugbog-sarado ang mabuko— sige pa rin siya nang sige." May himig paninisi ang awang gusto mang ipadama ay nanatili lamang sa damdamin ng mga bilanggo sa loob ng mga brigada.

Ito ay habang ang mga Ilokanong Katipunero ay bugbog-sarado na sa kamay ng mga Amerikano. Dahil ang flanking defense ni Aguinaldo ay ang Ilokos, masigasig naman ang pag-landing ng mga bagong tirador ng Occupation Force [...]

... na ako dito kaya galit na galit na sa akin ang mga houseparents kung bakit pa ako pumapasok dito kaya ayaw na akong tanggapin dito dahil gusto nilang malipat na ako sa city jail. Kaya bugbog-sarado lang ako dito..

1997, Nick De Ocampo, Beyond the Mainstream: The Films of Nick Deocampo, →ISBN:

BUGBOG-SARADO. ni Ben Beltran, SUD Nang mamatay si Julia, lahat may luha sa mata Noong binubugbog pa, lahat patay malisya. Binitin sa loob ng sako, nakabasag lang ng plato Dos por dos ang ipinalo, maraming tahi sa ulo


patay-gutom

patáy-gutom (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜆᜌ᜔ᜄᜓᜆᜓᜋ᜔)

patáy-gutom (canonical)
ᜉᜆᜌ᜔ᜄᜓᜆᜓᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

From patay (“dead”) + gutom (“hunger”). Loosely translated as “hungry to death”.

(figuratively) lacking money or material possessions; poor; destitute; impoverished

-Frederick Hegel Sabi mo'y nabuhay ka sa panahong limot na sina Dorong Asedillo at Kulas Encalledo. Dina bale.... Kahit turing sa iyo'y lawit-dilang patay-gutom, sampay-bakod, sinikap mong pagbutihin anggawaing iniatas at itinagubilin.

2011, E. San Juan, Jr., MAHAL MAGPAKAILANMAN, Lulu.com, →ISBN, page 92:

Kung ghastly peasant ka eating the same amount in the same house, your host will say to herself na "ikaw ay patay-gutom, hampaslupa o masiba." TANONG: Anong bulaklak ang utot nang utot? SAGOT: Eh di kampuPOOOT! TANONG: Ano ...

2007, Arturo B. Rodriguez, 1001 Ultimate Pilipino Jokes, Arturo B Rodriguez, →ISBN, page 202:

Mga walang utang na loob. Talaga palang masasama ang mga tao. Bagay lang na maging patay-gutom sila,” hinagpis ni Maria. Simula noon hindi na nakita pang bumaba ng bundok si Maria. Nagalit na siya sa mga tao. Sinubukan naman ng ...

year unknown, Pananaw 6 Tm' 2005 Ed., Rex Bookstore, Inc., page 106


batiti

[bɐˈt̪iː.t̪ɪʔ]

leaking of water or liquid in tiny drops


dehins

[ˈd̪ɛː.ɪn̪s]

Berde. dehins bakya. dehins isyus. dehins demos, alagang-alaga. (ikontras sa Leveriza) Leveriza, (gilid ng La Salle) Pud? dehins Berde? dehins kulay e.t.a. pre Lets change scenes, pre (Sulyap 1983:8) Narito naman ang isang Atenistang, ...

1998, Victor N. Sugbo, Illumined Terrain: The Sites and Dimensions of Philippine Literature:

P're, hanep 'yung nakilala kong chiching kagabi. Karta-ocho ! Taga-Baste raw siya. Sarap ka-jam !" "Pakilala mo naman sa tropa." "Dehins p'wede, eh, kung masapot n'yo pa?" The speaker is actually boasting (hanep, a variation of hayop, ...

1995, Saint Louis University Research Journal:

Sa sumunod na sequence, pinakita si BossTausi (boses ni Bert "Tawa" Marcelo), na obviously lasing na lasing sa tuba. Meanwhile our bida Kulafu (boses ni Nonoy) is humaharurot ... trying to beat the curfew? Dehins, naghahabol ng midnight ...

2005, Pandy Aviado, Sylvia Mayuga, Dario Marcelo, Huling Ptyk: Da Art of Nonoy Marcelo, →ISBN:


anak ng tinapa

tl-head

anák ng tinapá (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜈᜃ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜈᜉ)

anák ng tinapá (canonical)
ᜀᜈᜃ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜈᜉ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐˌn̪ak n̪ɐn̪ t̪ɪ.n̪ɐˈpa]

Literally, “son of a smoked fish”, originally uttered by smoked fish makers.

“Anak ng tinapa, hoy, huwag ninyo munang ipaflush!” “Ngeee!” I graduated from Isabelo delos Reyes Elementary School in 1965. Unlike other kids my age, I didn't go to high school in the morning. I couldn't go to school in the afternoon either ...

2011, Romeo “Choppy” Vargas, THE MAKING OF THE PORKCHOP DUO: An Autobiographical Joke Book The Philippine’s Wackiest Comedy Duo, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN:

"Son of a smoked fish, hey, don't you all flush yet!" "Ngeee!" I graduated from Isabelo delos Reyes Elementary School in 1965. Unlike other kids my age, I didn't go to high school in the morning. I couldn't go to school in the afternoon either ...

Anak ng tinapa. The families just couldn't cope and turned their sons away! Steven said I was his brown Ganymede, always pouring sweet wine into his silver chalice. It was like Mitchell all over again. This time though, the wine aged for six ...

1997, Cecilia Manguerra Brainard, Contemporary fiction by Filipinos in America, Anvil Pub Inc, →ISBN:

Son of a smoked fish. The families just couldn't cope and turned their sons away! Steven said I was his brown Ganymede, always pouring sweet wine into his silver chalice. It was like Mitchell all over again. This time though, the wine aged for six ...

But for crying out loud . . . you know, anong term in the vernacular, Anak ng tinapa naman, hindi nyo pa nakikita ang problemang ito? My goodness! This is really the situation we are in. And I just cannot believe that we are not acting on it at all.

2001, Philippine Social Science Council, Philippine Social Science Council Social Science Information:

But for crying out loud . . . you know, anong term in the vernacular, What a son of a smoked fish, you all haven't seen this problem? My goodness! This is really the situation we are in. And I just cannot believe that we are not acting on it at all.

(idiomatic) an expression of shock or amazement


dugtong

connecting to increase the length (of two or more things)

point of connection; place of connection


lantay

[lɐn̪ˈt̪aɪ̯]


Condez

tl-proper noun

Condez or Condéz (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔)

Condez (canonical)
Condéz (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


Manaog

[mɐˈn̪aː.ʔoɡ̚]


bulabog

act of disturbing someone or something remaining still or quiet


madaga

tl-adj

madagâ (plural madadagag, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜇᜄ)

madagâ (canonical)
madadagag (plural)
ᜋᜇᜄ (Baybayin)
madaga (positive singular)
madadaga (plural positive)
daga (positive root)
mas madaga (comparative positive singular superior)
mas madadaga (comparative plural positive superior)
hindi gaanong madaga (comparative inferior singular)
hindi gaanong madadaga (comparative inferior plural)
kasindaga (comparative equal plural singular)
ang pinakamadaga (positive relative singular superlative)
ang pinakamadadaga (plural positive relative superlative)
napakamadaga (absolute inferior singular superlative)
napakamadadaga (absolute inferior plural superlative)
pagkadaga (absolute equal singular superlative)
pagkadaga-daga (absolute equal plural superlative)

[mɐ.d̪ɐˈɣaʔ]


madagta

madagtâ (plural madadagta, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜇᜄ᜔ᜆ)

madagtâ (canonical)
madadagta (plural)
ᜋᜇᜄ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)
madagta (positive singular)
madadagta (plural positive)
dagta (positive root)
mas madagta (comparative positive singular superior)
mas madadagta (comparative plural positive superior)
hindi gaanong madagta (comparative inferior singular)
hindi gaanong madadagta (comparative inferior plural)
kasindagta (comparative equal plural singular)
ang pinakamadagta (positive relative singular superlative)
ang pinakamadadagta (plural positive relative superlative)
napakamadagta (absolute inferior singular superlative)
napakamadadagta (absolute inferior plural superlative)
pagkadagta (absolute equal singular superlative)
pagkadagta-dagta (absolute equal plural superlative)

[mɐ.d̪ɐɡˈt̪aʔ]


buwik

From Proto-Austronesian *bəʀək. Compare Pangasinan belek, Casiguran Dumagat Agta behek, Abenlen Ayta beyek, Kapampangan bigak, Central Palawano biyek, Tboli belek, Kelabit berek, Rukai beeke. Doublet of biik.


madiwa

madiwà (plural madidiwa, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜇᜒᜏ)

madiwà (canonical)
madidiwa (plural)
ᜋᜇᜒᜏ (Baybayin)
madiwa (positive singular)
madidiwa (plural positive)
diwa (positive root)
mas madiwa (comparative positive singular superior)
mas madidiwa (comparative plural positive superior)
hindi gaanong madiwa (comparative inferior singular)
hindi gaanong madidiwa (comparative inferior plural)
kasindiwa (comparative equal plural singular)
ang pinakamadiwa (positive relative singular superlative)
ang pinakamadidiwa (plural positive relative superlative)
napakamadiwa (absolute inferior singular superlative)
napakamadidiwa (absolute inferior plural superlative)
pagkadiwa (absolute equal singular superlative)
pagkadiwa-diwa (absolute equal plural superlative)


alamat

Possibly from Arabic عَلَامَة (ʕalāma, “sign; symbol”). Compare Tausug alamat (“omen”) and Malay alamat (“sign; address”).


madula

tl-adj

madulâ or madulà (plural madudula, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜇᜓᜎ)

madulâ (canonical)
madulà (canonical)
madudula (plural)
ᜋᜇᜓᜎ (Baybayin)
madula (positive singular)
madudula (plural positive)
dula (positive root)
mas madula (comparative positive singular superior)
mas madudula (comparative plural positive superior)
hindi gaanong madula (comparative inferior singular)
hindi gaanong madudula (comparative inferior plural)
kasindula (comparative equal plural singular)
ang pinakamadula (positive relative singular superlative)
ang pinakamadudula (plural positive relative superlative)
napakamadula (absolute inferior singular superlative)
napakamadudula (absolute inferior plural superlative)
pagkadula (absolute equal singular superlative)
pagkadula-dula (absolute equal plural superlative)


madahon

madahon (plural madadahon, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜇᜑᜓᜈ᜔)

madadahon (plural)
ᜋᜇᜑᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
madahon (positive singular)
madadahon (plural positive)
dahon (positive root)
mas madahon (comparative positive singular superior)
mas madadahon (comparative plural positive superior)
hindi gaanong madahon (comparative inferior singular)
hindi gaanong madadahon (comparative inferior plural)
kasindahon (comparative equal plural singular)
ang pinakamadahon (positive relative singular superlative)
ang pinakamadadahon (plural positive relative superlative)
napakamadahon (absolute inferior singular superlative)
napakamadadahon (absolute inferior plural superlative)
pagkadahon (absolute equal singular superlative)
pagkadahon-dahon (absolute equal plural superlative)


makuto

bag (especially school children's bag made of canvas)


aktibista

tl-noun

aktibista (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃ᜔ᜆᜒᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜀᜃ᜔ᜆᜒᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish activista. By surface analysis, aktibo + -ista.


mag-igib

tl-verb

mag-igíb (complete nag-igib, progressive nag-iigib, contemplative mag-iigib, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄ᜔ᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔)

mag-igíb (canonical)
nag-igib (completive)
nag-iigib (progressive)
mag-iigib (contemplative)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔ (Baybayin)
mag- (affix)
ᜋᜄ᜔ (affix)
igib (root)
ᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔ (root)
actor (focus)
kaiigib (completive formal past past-recent)
ᜃᜁᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔ (completive formal past past-recent)
kapag-iigib (completive formal past past-recent)
ᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜁᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔ (completive formal past past-recent)
mag-igib (dialectal formal imperative)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔ (formal imperative)
kakaigib (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜃᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔ (completive informal past past-recent)
kakapag-igib (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔ (completive informal past past-recent)
kapapag-igib (completive informal past past-recent)
ᜃᜉᜉᜄ᜔ᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔ (completive informal past past-recent)
mag-igib (dialectal imperative informal)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔ (imperative informal)

tl-infl-table

mag-igib

mag-igib
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔

nag-igib
ᜈᜄ᜔ᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔

nag-iigib
ᜈᜄ᜔ᜁᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔
nagaigib¹
ᜈᜄᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔

mag-iigib
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜁᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔
magaigib¹
ᜋᜄᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔
gaigib¹
ᜄᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔

kakaigib
ᜃᜃᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔
kakapag-igib
ᜃᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔
kapapag-igib
ᜃᜉᜉᜄ᜔ᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔

mag-igib¹
 ᜋᜄ᜔ᜁᜄᜒᜊ᜔

[mɐɡ.ʔɪˈɣib̚]

to draw water from a water source (such as a well or a pump)


buol

From Proto-Philippine *buqəl. Proto-Philippine /ə/ generally changes to Tagalog /i/, but how it changed to /u/ in this case is unknown. Possible early borrowing from Bikol or a Visayan language.

(chiefly eastern Marinduque, anatomy) ankle


hiwas

(obsolete) paved with bricks (of old, paved streets)


hiling

petition in prayer; something one prays for


kusot

Borrowed from Hokkien 鋸屑／锯屑 (kù-sut, “sawdust”).


kusot

act of rubbing or scratching one's eyes (with one's fingers)

act of cleaning clothes with soap and water (by rubbing with the hands)

act of rumpling or crumpling with one's hands


manghihilot

tl-noun

manghihilot (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜅ᜔ᜑᜒᜑᜒᜎᜓᜆ᜔)

ᜋᜅ᜔ᜑᜒᜑᜒᜎᜓᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

From mang- + hilot, with initial reduplication of the root's first syllable.

masseur; masseuse (especially one who treats the lame cripple)


manghihilot

ᜋᜅ᜔ᜑᜒᜑᜒᜎᜓᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)


-nan

tl-verb

-nan (verb-forming suffix, noun-forming suffix, adverb-forming suffix, Baybayin spelling ᜈᜈ᜔)

talo (“defeat”) + -nan → talunan (“loser”)

tawa (“laugh”) + -nan → tawanan (“laughter; to laugh”)

sapupo (“the act of sitting on the lap”) + -nan → sinapupunan (“lap”)

kuha (“take”) + -nan → kunan (“to take a picture or video”)


samuol

full mouthful; mouth-filling feed (especially put in the mouth hurriedly)

putting hurriedly into one's mouth (especially of food)


sawali

(carpentry) woven, coarse mat of interlaced, thin, split bamboo strips (used for making simple walls in native houses, drying grains under the house, etc.)


luwan

a kind of seaweed usually found in rivermouths


sahog

From Proto-Philippine *sahuʀ. Compare Bikol Central sahog.

secondary ingredients in a mixture (especially in food)


sambot

act of catching with the hand something falling or thrown


manggagawa

manggagawà (canonical)
ᜋᜅ᜔ᜄᜄᜏ (Baybayin)

[mɐŋ.ɡɐˈɣaː.wɐʔ]

[mɐŋ.ɡɐ.ɣɐˈwaʔ]

From mang- + gawa with initial reduplication.


batuktok

bátuktók (canonical)
ᜊᜆᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)


bulaos

trail; footpath (as in a forest, made by animals on the way to a watering place)


samyo

tl-noun

samyó or samyô (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜋ᜔ᜌᜓ)

samyó (canonical)
samyô (canonical)
ᜐᜋ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Hokkien, possibly from:
* Hokkien 散藥 / 糝藥／散药 / 糁药 (sám io̍h, “to sprinkle traditional Chinese medicine / traditional Chinese medicine in powder form”)
* Hokkien 散藥粉 / 糝藥粉／散药粉 / 糁药粉 (sám io̍h-hún, “to sprinkle medicinal powder”) according to Chan-Yap (1980).
Compare Pangasinan samiong.


sampay

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sampay (“to drape over the shoulder or from a line”) (cf. Indonesian sampai, Malagasy sampi, Malay sampai), from Proto-Austronesian *sapay (cf. Puyuma sapai).

inh

laundry hanging on a clothesline, fence, etc.

hanging of clothes (on a clothesline, fence, etc.)


bitak

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bətak. Compare Ilocano bettak, Kapampangan abtak, and Tetum fota.


muwak

(colloquial) knowledge; understanding; idea about something


batikos

(figurative) verbal attack; severe criticism (in public or through newspapers)#


sakang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sakaŋ. Cognate to Bikol Central sakang, Sambali sakang, and more distantly to Maori haka.


uniberso

Borrowed from Spanish universo, from Latin ūniversus.


asungot

[ʔɐˈsuː.ŋot̪̚]

Pero madali naman palang kausap ang asungot. "Babalik na lang ho ako mamayang gabi," sabay sibat na parang batang napaamo sa pangako ng Cheeze Curls.

1995, Ericson L. Acosta, Literary folio:

But it's easy to talk with that nuisance. "I'll rather return tonight"; then, he left like a child who followed the promise of Cheeze Curls


asungot

[ʔɐˈsuː.ŋot̪̚]


muyangit

[mʊˈjaː.ŋɪt̪̚]

any thick liquid adhering along the sides of a container, such as molasses, syrup, honey, left after pouring off


muyangit

[mʊˈjaː.ŋɪt̪̚]


awit

Compare Bikol Central awit and Cebuano awit.

[ˈʔaː.wɪt̪̚]

pambansang awit

(figurative) act of asking something from someone for free (especially from a friend)


awit

[ˈʔaː.wɪt̪̚]

an expression reacting to an undesirable situation


salagimsim

tl-noun

salagimsím (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎᜄᜒᜋ᜔ᜐᜒᜋ᜔)

salagimsím (canonical)
ᜐᜎᜄᜒᜋ᜔ᜐᜒᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)


salinlahi

salinlahì (canonical)
ᜐᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜎᜑᜒ (Baybayin)


Balatik

From balatik (“spring-set spear trap”), due to its resemblance with the constellation Orion, particularly the Orion's Belt and Orion's Sword. Compare Bikol Central Balatik, Cebuano Balatik, Hiligaynon Balatik, Karaga Mandaya Bayatik, Western Bukidnon Manobo Belatik, Central Subanen Belatik, Central Sama Batik, and Malay Belantik.

Orion (particularly around the region of the Orion's Belt that looks like a balatik)


sakop

occupation; act of occupying (of an enemy possession, territory, etc.)

part occupied (of an enemy possession, territory, etc.)

act of putting under one's jurisdiction or power


sakop

owned (of a portion that comprises one's property)


salungguhit

salungguhit (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜓᜑᜒᜆ᜔)

ᜐᜎᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜓᜑᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

[sɐ.lʊŋˈɡuː.hɪt̪̚]

From salo + -ng- + guhit, literally “catching line”.


salapot

Alae, alahoy! Pagkabanas-banas, tubal ang salapot. Buliga'y buya na, lambanog na baktot. Sukatin sa dangkal at iikot-ikot. Walang kurag-kurag, pagbabang balutan.

2006, Domingo G. Landicho, Suob: katipunan ng mga tulang batangan:


salamuha

Borrowed from Malay semua (“all together”), from Sanskrit समूह (samūha, “assemblage”), possibly with *-al- infix.

bor+

mingling with; hobnobbing; associating familiarly with people


ekwador

Borrowed from Spanish ecuador, from Medieval Latin aequātōrem.


saloy

slow current of water (from a spring, stream, etc.)

overflowing of a liquid from a container


salapsap

superficial; shallow; cutting only the immediate surface (of wounds or cuts, soil, etc.)


salapsap

superficiality; shallowness (of wounds or cuts, soil, etc.)


Timbangan

From timbangan. Calque of Spanish Libra.


penoy

[ˈpɛː.n̪oɪ̯]

Possiby from Hokkien. See Hokkien 白 (pe̍h, “white”), 卵 (nuī, “egg”), 白煠 (pe̍h-sa̍h, “to boil; to blanch”), 皮卵 (phôe-nūi, “century egg”).


salagoy

[sɐ.lɐˈɣoɪ̯]


diyakono

Borrowed from Spanish diácono (“deacon”).

deacon (male in an office in Christian churches associated with some service)


sagutin

[ˌsaːˈɣuː.t̪ɪn̪]