manikin

Borrowed from English mannequin, from French mannequin, from Dutch manneken. Doublet of maniki.


iki

(folklore) nocturnal, winged creature of a batlike appearance with a long thread-like sucker tongue (said to suck blood from the soles of the feet of women in childbirth)


sirena

[sɪˈɾɛː.n̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish sirena, from Late Latin Sirēna, from Latin Sīrēn, from Ancient Greek Σειρήν (Seirḗn). The third sense is an extension of the original, further popularized by the rap song Sirena.

Ligaya Tiamson Rubin, may mga kuwento ang mga taga- Angono tungkol sa mga sirena na siyang nakikita sa isang malaking bato na umaawit at may mahabang gintong buhok. Kapag may dumarating na tao ay agad itong nawawala.

2005, Ligaya Tiamson- Rubin, (Es) kultura ng bayan: Kakambal ng ibang mga bayan:

Diego: 'Yun pong bahagi ng dagat ditong nilalabasan ng mga sirena. Galit daw po ang mga sirena sa mga tagarito. Ayon po kasi sa kuwentu-kuwento, noong unang panahon daw e pinakialaman ng mga mangingisda dito ang mga sirena ...

1993, Ricardo Lee, Salome: a Filipino filmscript, Univ of Wisconsin Center for:

Sa kaharian nila Amelita... Sa kaharian ng mga Sirena...Nakaramdam ako ng kasiyahan. Si Lagrimas... Sana ay masaya siya saan man siya naroon.... Katapusan Si Robinson Mago ay isang Electronics and Communication Engineer na ...

2014, Robin Mago, Amelita, Robinson Mago:

Natutuklasan nila sa mga libro ni Gaying na lahat ng mga taga-Angono ay nagiging bida, walang bandido, nagiging mga diwata, higante at mga sirena sa kanilang mahal na Angono. Nagkakaroon tuloy sila ng pakiramdam na sila man ay ...

2005, Ligaya Tiamson- Rubin, Angono, Rizal: Pagtatala ng gunita, panimulang dokumentasyon ng mga bayan sa Pilipinas, →ISBN:


tono

(photography) tone (favorable combination of lights in a picture)


kapre

Borrowed from Spanish cafre, from Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “unbeliever”), originally referring to the East African slaves brought by the Portuguese and sold in Manila as "Cafres".

(folklore) ogre or giant believed to smoke cigars and live in old trees, especially balete (banyan) trees


retiro

[ɾɛˈt̪iː.ɾo]


laho

Borrowed from Sanskrit राहु (rāhu, “Rāhu”). Compare Kapampangan lau and Indonesian rahu.

bor+

(folklore, obsolete) eclipse monster that devours the moon


halang

Possibly from Malay halang, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qalaŋ (“obstruct, lie across or athwart”).


barok

Borrowed from English baroque, from French baroque, from Portuguese barroco (“irregular pearl”).


nuno

(folklore, mythology) goblin in Philippine folklore believed to live in anthills


duwende

→ English: duwende


kunan

tl-verb

kunan (complete kinunan, progressive kinukunan, contemplative kukunan, 1st benefactive trigger, Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈᜈ᜔)

kinunan (completive)
kinukunan (progressive)
kukunan (contemplative)
ᜃᜓᜈᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
kuha (root)
kunan (infinitive)
kinunan (completive root)
kinukunan (progressive root)
inakunan (dialectal progressive root)
kukunan (benefactive contemplative)
akunan (benefactive contemplative dialectal)
kuni (benefactive dialectal imperative)

tl-infl-in-an

kunan

kunan

From a syncopic form of kuhanan, from kuha + -nan.

Kunan mo ako ng litrato.

(photography) to take a picture; to photograph


abstrakto

tl-adj

abstrakto (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜃ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜃ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish abstracto, from Latin abstractus. The noun sense is a semantic loan from English abstract. Doublet of abstrak.

(art) abstract (free from representational qualities)


tiktik

(folklore) harpy-like creature believed to attack victims at night (whose cry is supposed to announce the presence of an aswang)


engkanto

Borrowed from Spanish encanto (“charm, spell”).

bor+

(folklore) engkanto (mythical environmental spirits in Philippine folklore)


aswang

From Greater Central Philippine *aswang (“witch”). Compare Aklanon aswang, Cebuano aswang, Hiligaynon aswang, and Malay ason (“evil spirit of the night”). See also Malay suangi (“evil spirit; spirit shaman”). Possibly related to Sanskrit असुर (asura) + -ng.

ncog

(folklore, mythology) aswang (shapeshifting evil creature in Philippine mythology)


tikbalang

(folklore, mythology) tikbalang (humanoid creature in Philippine folklore having a head and hooves of a horse)


lakambini

(mythology, folklore, historical) one of the deities in precolonial Tagalog mythology


sulam

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sulam (“pierce or remove with a needle”). Compare Bikol Central suram and Malay sulam.

inh

(art) decorative work; needlework; embroidery (on mats, fabric, cloth, etc.)


impakto

Uncertain. Possibly from Spanish impacto (“impact; impression”) or from Latin en facto, and most sources cite the latter, despite the ungrammatical nature of the phrase in Latin. Zorc (1985) also believes it to be from the Spanish term and not the Latin one.

Tila dinadala tayo ng mga halimbawa sa daigdig ng mga impakto. Hu- wag sana tayong mabahala. Ibig lamang nating ipakita ang kasaklawang semantiko ng " ginhawa" sa kinagisnang sikolohiya, at ang pagkakaugnay nito sa kaluluwa.

1982, Rogelia Pe- Pua, Philippine Psychology Research, Training House, Sikolohiyang Pilipino: teorya, metodo, at gamit:

... pagpaslang kay Rabot ay importanteng tanda ng katapusan ng mga halimaw na galing sa Gagamban. Sa panahon ni Bantong, tuluyan nang nalipol ang mga tandayag, ang mga mampak, ang mga impakto ni Aswang. Tahimik na ang Bikol.

(folklore, mythology) evil spirit causing temporary madness


tiyanak

[ˈt͡ʃaː.n̪ɐk̚]

Shortened from patiyanak. Related to Malay pontianak (“ghost of a mother who died at birth”).

Sinabi ng kanyang ina na siya'y iniligaw ng batang sinusundan niya na isang tiyanak pala at ang naging laban sa panliligaw ng tiyanak ay ang ginawa niyang pagbabaligtad ng damit nang wala naman sa kanyang loob. Mula nga noon ay ...

1970, Rolando E. Villacorte, Baliwag! then and now:

MANGKUKULAM Sige, Tiyanak. TP/ANAK Peace, peace, peace ! Iminumungkahi ko na ang lahat ng tiyanak ay bigyan ng pagkakataong lumaki. (Magtatawanan.) TIYANAK Aba, noon pa e sanggol na kami, a. Huwag ninyong sabihin na ...

2000, Rey Edrozo De la Cruz, Mag Cruz Hatol, Tatlong manyika hanggang sa Pulburon: mga dula tungkol sa paglikha, pagkain at kahit anuman:

(folklore) tiyanak (vampiric creature in Philippine mythology taking the form of a baby that dies before being baptized)


mangkukulam

tl-noun

mangkukulam (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜃᜓᜎᜋ᜔)

ᜋᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜃᜓᜎᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

... naniniwala kayo sa Diyos. Mas malaking pinsala ang mangyayari kahit sa mga hindi mananampalataya kung mangkukulam sila, dahil kung mangkukulam kayo, nagtatawag kayo ng masasamang espiritu. Halimbawa, kung mangkukulam.

2017, Dr. Jaerock Lee, Espiritu, Kaluluwa, at Katawan I : Spirit, Soul and Body Ⅰ (Tagalog Edition): Ang Kwento ng Mahiwagang Pagkilala sa Ating “Sarili”, UrimBooks, →ISBN:

Noong bata pa si Sabel, at ni hindi natin alam kung sinong Sabel, dalawang mangkukulam - isang babae at isang lalaki - ang nag-away. Hindi natin alam kung magkabiyak ang dalawang ito; ni hindi natin alam kung ano ang pinag- awayan ...

1989, “Ani: Literary Journal of the Cultural Center of the Philippines”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name):

Sinabi ng doktor-kulam na hindi niya naabutan ang mangkukulam sa loob ng katawan ng dalagita kaya ito'y hindi gumaling. Sa madaling sabi, nakatakas ang matinik na mangkukulam at di-umano'y bakas na lamang ang naiwan kung kaya't ...

1970, Rolando E. Villacorte, Baliwag, Then and Now:


manananggal

manananggál (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜈᜈᜅ᜔ᜄᜎ᜔)

manananggál (canonical)
ᜋᜈᜈᜅ᜔ᜄᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

From man- + tanggal, literally “remover; separator”, with initial reduplication of the root. See also Malay penanggalan.

pre

vampire-like mythical creature, usually a malevolent, man-eating and blood-sucking monster or witch capable of separating themselves from the lower part of their body


mambabarang

tl-noun

mámbabárang (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜋ᜔ᜊᜊᜇᜅ᜔)

mámbabárang (canonical)
ᜋᜋ᜔ᜊᜊᜇᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)

From mam- + Cebuano barang with initial reduplication.


siyokoy

A metathesis of Hokkien 水鬼 (chúi-kúi, “sea monster; water goblin”). For the second sense, coined by Virgilio S. Almario, possibly an analogy of something neither sea creature nor man.

der

(folklore) siyokoy; merman (especially the Philippine version)


abstrak

ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from English abstract, from Middle English abstract, from Latin abstractus. Doublet of abstrakto.


diwata

[d̪ɪˈwaː.t̪ɐʔ]

Borrowed from Cebuano diwata, from Proto-Visayan *diwata, from Malay dewata, from Sanskrit देवता (devátā, “god, deity”). Compare Kapampangan diuata.

(mythology, folklore, obsolete) universal supreme being


rebelasyon

tl-noun

rebelasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜊᜒᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

rebelasyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜊᜒᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

(photography) development of film or print


Bathala

Disputed. Most scholars believe it was borrowed from Sanskrit भट्टार (bhaṭṭāra, “revered, worshipful”). Likely related to Batara Guru. Compare Malay berhala.

bor+

(historical, folklore) supreme deity of the Tagalog people


henyo

Borrowed from Spanish genio (“genie”), from French génie.


gayuma

From Southern Luzon axis *gayúma (“love-charm”). Compare Kapampangan gayuma. See also Cebuano gugma (“love”). The sense of “magnet” is coined in the 1960s as an allusion to the effect of the magical potion.

(folklore, magic) love charm; philter (charm or potion to cause a person to fall in love)


gayumahin

tl-verb

gayumahin (complete ginayuma, progressive ginagayuma, contemplative gagayumahin, 1st object trigger, Baybayin spelling ᜄᜌᜓᜋᜑᜒᜈ᜔)

ginayuma (completive)
ginagayuma (progressive)
gagayumahin (contemplative)
ᜄᜌᜓᜋᜑᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
-in (affix)
ᜒᜈ᜔ (affix)
gayuma (root)
ᜄᜌᜓᜋ (root)
gayumahin (infinitive)
ᜄᜌᜓᜋᜑᜒᜈ᜔ (infinitive)
ginayuma (completive root)
ᜄᜒᜈᜌᜓᜋ (completive root)
ginagayuma (progressive root)
ᜄᜒᜈᜄᜌᜓᜋ (progressive root)
inagayuma (dialectal progressive root)
ᜁᜈᜄᜌᜓᜋ (progressive root)
gagayumahin (contemplative objective)
ᜄᜄᜌᜓᜋᜑᜒᜈ᜔ (contemplative objective)
agayumahin (contemplative dialectal objective)
ᜀᜄᜌᜓᜋᜑᜒᜈ᜔ (contemplative objective)
gayumahin (imperative objective)
ᜄᜌᜓᜋᜑᜒᜈ᜔ (imperative objective)
gayuma (dialectal imperative objective)
ᜄᜌᜓᜋ (imperative objective)
gayumaha (dialectal imperative objective)
ᜄᜌᜓᜋᜑ (imperative objective)

gayumahin

gagayumahin
ᜄᜄᜌᜓᜋᜑᜒᜈ᜔
agayumahin¹
 ᜀᜄᜌᜓᜋᜑᜒᜈ᜔

gayumahin
 ᜄᜌᜓᜋᜑᜒᜈ᜔
gayuma¹
ᜄᜌᜓᜋ
gayumaha¹
ᜄᜌᜓᜋᜑ

"Kung ako lang ang dalaga, indi na ako kailangan pang gayumahin ni Narding," at muling tumawa ang matanda. "Mapalad ang babaing mapapangasawa niya." Humagikgik si Esang. "Sa tingin ko, may gusto sa iyo si Narding," patuloy ng ina ...

1994, Corazon D. Villareal, Translating the Sugilanon: Re-Framing the Sign, University of Hawaii Press:

" If I'm the only lady, Narding wouldn't have charmed me," and the old woman laughed again. "His wife to-be is very lucky." Esang giggled. "I think Narding likes you," her mother continued ...

"Hindi ka ginayuma ni Amando, natiyempuhan niyang nasa oras ka ng iyong karupukan. Dumaraan sa buhay nating mga babae ang gayong kalagayan." Napatungo si Myrna sa katotohanang iyon.

2006, Ireneo Perez Catilo, Pandesal: at iba pang kuwento:

Amando didn't charm you, he was there during the time of your weakness. Those conditions come into our lives as women." Myrna jumped into that conclusion.

(folklore) to attract or charm someone to a relationship using a love potion or charm


santelmo

Borrowed from Spanish santelmo, from fuego de San Telmo (“St. Elmo's fire”).

(folklore) fireball or flame spirit, similar to the will o' the wisp, that stalks or chases people at night, and believed to be formed from the ignited blood of a person who tragically died


positibo

(photography) positive (of a visual image, true to the original in light, shade and color value)


klaroskuro

tl-noun

klaroskuro (Baybayin spelling ᜃ᜔ᜎᜇᜓᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜇᜓ)

ᜃ᜔ᜎᜇᜓᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish claroscuro, a calque of Italian chiaroscuro.


sipay

a person that snatches children and uses their blood to fortify structures under construction


talikodgenic

tl-adj

talíkodgénic (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜎᜒᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜈᜒᜃ᜔)

talíkodgénic (canonical)
ᜆᜎᜒᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜈᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)

[t̪ɐˌliː.xoˈd͡ʒɛː.n̪ɪk̚]


gintsam

tl-noun

gintsam or gintsám (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜐᜋ᜔)

gintsam (canonical)
gintsám (canonical)
ᜄᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜐᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ɡɪn̪ˈt͡ʃam]

From Hokkien, either:
* From 銀鏨 /银錾 (gîn-chām) according to Chan-Yap (1980)
* From 金 (kim, “gold”) + 攕 (chhiám) with the latter defined as “to chisel, perforate; pincher” according to Manuel (1948)

chisel used by goldsmiths for cutting large pieces or bars of gold


sandurugo

sandurugô (canonical)
ᜐᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜇᜓᜄᜓ (Baybayin)

[sɐn̪.d̪ʊ.ɾʊˈɣoʔ]

From san- + dugo with initial reduplication.