libre

tl-adj

libre or libré (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜊ᜔ᜇᜒ)

libre (canonical)
libré (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜊ᜔ᜇᜒ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish libre. Displaced older gratis, also borrowed from Spanish.


Israel

[ʔɪs.ɾɐˈʔɛl]

Borrowed from Spanish Israel (“Israel”), from Latin Israel, from Ancient Greek Ἰσραήλ (Israḗl), from Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (yisra'él, “Israel”).

(biblical) Israel (a Biblical region of Western Asia roughly coextensive with the modern State of Israel, known in the Bible as the Land of Israel and considered the ancestral homeland of the Jewish people)


salsa

Borrowed from Spanish salsa, from Latin salsus (“salted”). Doublet of sarsa.


haj

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic حَجّ (ḥajj, “pilgrimage”). See also pangadyi.


dua

duá (canonical)
ᜇᜓᜀ (Baybayin)
du'a (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic دُعَاء (duʕāʔ). Compare Maranao dowa'a, Maguindanao du'a, Tausug duwaa, and Malay doa.


Muslim

Muslím (canonical)
ᜋᜓᜐ᜔ᜎᜒᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)
Moslem (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic مُسْلِم (muslim, “one who submits”), possibly via English Muslim. Doublet of Musulman.


basket

(basketball) basket (circular hoop from which a net is suspended)


base

Borrowed from Spanish base (“basis”). The baseball definition is from English base, but pronounced the same as the Spanish word.

(baseball) base (one of the three places that a runner can stand in safety)


talo

(agriculture) transferring of what were sown


halal

Ultimately from Arabic حَلَال (ḥalāl). Compare Maranao halal and Tausug halal.

halal (permissible according to Muslim religious custom)


Qur'an

tl-proper noun

Qur'án (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜀᜈ᜔ or ᜃᜓᜇᜈ᜔)

Qur'án (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
ᜃᜓᜇᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
Alkoran (alternative)
Koran (alternative)
Kuran (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic الْقُرْآن (al-qurʔān). Doublet of Alkoran and Koran.


pare

parè (canonical)
ᜉᜇᜒ (Baybayin)
pre (alternative)
par (alternative)

(religion, archaic) Alternative spelling of pari


kura

Borrowed from Spanish cura, from Ecclesiastical Latin cūra (“monastic office holder, obedientiary”) from Latin cūra (“warden, administrator”).


padre

Borrowed from Spanish padre, from Latin pater. Doublet of pari.

(religion) a term of respectful address for a priest


alto

Borrowed from Spanish alto, from Italian alto, from Latin altus. Doublet of alta.


loa

ᜎᜓᜏ (Baybayin)
lowa (alternative)
luwa (alternative)

poetic panegyric of eulogy (usually in praise of the Virgin Mary and the saints)


maestro

tl-noun

maestro (feminine maestra, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜁᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓ or ᜋᜌᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓ)

maestra (feminine)
ᜋᜁᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
ᜋᜌᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
maysto (alternative)
maisto (alternative)
mestro (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish maestro, from Latin magister, magistrum. Compare Kapampangan mestru and English master. Doublet of mister.


David

[ˈd̪eɪ̯.vɪd̪̚]

[ˈd̪eɪ̯.bɪd̪̚]


polo

Borrowed from English polo, from Balti پولو (polo).

Maraming reklamo si Arni tungkol sa initiation; sisisihin pa nito si Sid dahil ito ang pumilit sa kanyang sumali sa frat. Magsusuot ng polo si Arni. Halos hindi niya maigalaw ang kanyang braso.

1981, Clodualdo Del Mundo, Writing for Film:

Arni have a lot of complaints about the initiation; he even blamed Sid for forcing him to join the frat. Arni would wear a polo shirt. He could almost not move his arms.


opera

[ˌʔoː.pɛˈɾa]

Italian language
Latin language
Spanish language

Borrowed from Spanish ópera (“opera”), from Italian opera, from Latin opera (“work, labor”). Doublet of obra.


kung fu

Borrowed from English kung fu, from the Wade–Giles romanization (kung¹-fu⁵) of Mandarin 功夫 (gōngfu, “skill, accomplishment, martial art”).


imam

imám (canonical)
imam (canonical)
ᜁᜋᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)
iman (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic إِمَام (ʔimām, “leader”), possibly through English or Philippine languages spoken mostly by Muslims.


baton

Borrowed from English baton, from French bâton, from Old French baston, probably from Vulgar Latin *bastō, *bastōnis. Doublet of baston.

(music) stick of a conductor of an orchestra, or the majorette or drum major of a marching band

(sports) object transferred by relay runners

baton (staff or truncheon)
object transferred by relay runners


ere

ᜁᜇᜒ (Baybayin)
ayre (alternative dated)
eyre (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish aire, from Latin āēr, from Ancient Greek ἀήρ (aḗr). Doublet of arya.


sima

From Proto-Philippine *símaq (“barb of a hook”).

inh

small, triangularly framed dip net (used for catching shrimp and fish from a fish shelter)

cover pot for catching fish (similar to a salakab)

catching of shrimp and fish with such a tool


sala

salá (canonical)
ᜐᜎ (Baybayin)
salah (alternative)
salaah (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic صَلَاة (ṣalāh). Compare Maranao salat, Tausug salat, Indonesian salat, and Malay solat.


sala

bedwetting; urination in bed, or during sleep


Gabriel

Gabriél (canonical)
ᜄᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜒᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


solo

Borrowed from Spanish solo, from Old Spanish solo, from Latin sōlus.


jihad

tl-noun

jihad or jihád (Baybayin spelling ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜑᜇ᜔)

jihad (canonical)
jihád (canonical)
ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜑᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ˈd͡ʒiː.hɐd̪̚]

[d͡ʒɪˈhad̪̚]

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic جِهَاد (jihād, “struggle; effort”).


bubo

From Proto-Philippine *bubu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bubu, from Proto-Austronesian *bubu₂. Cognate with Amis fofo, Ilocano bobo, Cebuano bubu, Malagasy vovo, Malay bubu, Bilba bufu, Buli (Indonesia) pup, and Pohnpeian uu.


bubo

act of frightening and driving away a flock of birds

sudden flight of birds (after being frightened and driven away)


bubo

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buqbuq (“pour”). Cognate with Kapampangan bubu, Cebuano bubu, and Javanese ꦧꦸꦧꦸꦃ (bubuh, “put in by accident”).


mufti

Borrowed from Arabic مُفْتِي (muftī, “fatwa-deliverer”, literally “deliverer of formal opinion”).


sharia

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic شَرِيعَة (šarīʕa, literally “path, way”), possibly via Spanish sharia or English sharia.


unan

[ˈʔuː.n̪ɐn̪]

From ulunan with elision of /l/, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qulun-an (“place where one rests the head: wooden headrest”). Compare Ilongot unan, Kapampangan ulnan, Bikol Central ulunan, Cebuano unlan, Hiligaynon ulunan, Waray-Waray ulunan, Maranao olonan, Higaonon uluna, Tausug ūan, and Malagasy ondana.


metodo

Borrowed from Spanish método, from Latin methodus, from Ancient Greek μέθοδος (méthodos).

(music) method (textbook for a specified musical instrument)


karate

[kɐˈɾaː.t̪ɛ]

Borrowed from Spanish karate or English karate, from Japanese 空手(からて) (karate), from 唐手(からて) (karate), from Okinawan 唐手(とーでぃー) (tōdī).

ryu-r

唐手(とーでぃー) (tōdī)


yema

Borrowed from Spanish yema, from Old Spanish yema, from Latin gemma. Compare Cebuano yema /yemas.


parte

parté (canonical)
ᜉᜇ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
parti (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Spanish parte, from Old Spanish parte (“part”), from Latin partem. Doublet of part.

(theater, film) role; stint; part (in a theatrical play, drama, or film shoot)


Juan

Juán (canonical)
ᜑᜓᜏᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
Suan (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Spanish Juan. As a common noun, either above or as a shortening of Juan dela Cruz.

(biblical) John (book of the New Testament)


pedal

pedál (canonical)
ᜉᜒᜇᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
pidal (alternative)


jota

Unadapted borrowing from Spanish jota, from older xota, from Mozarabic *šáwta (“jump”), from Latin saltō (“to dance”). Doublet of salta.


Abraham

Borrowed from Spanish Abraham with the silent /h/ pronounced, ultimately from Hebrew אַבְרָהָם ('aḇrāhām, “Abraham”). Doublet of Ibrahim.


Maria

tl-proper noun

Maria or Mariá (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜇᜒᜌ or ᜋᜇ᜔ᜌ)

Maria (canonical)
Mariá (canonical)
ᜋᜇᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
ᜋᜇ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
Ma. (alternative abbreviation)

Borrowed from Spanish María, from Latin Maria, from Ancient Greek Μαρίᾱ (Maríā), Μαριάμ (Mariám), from Aramaic מרים (maryām), corresponding to the Biblical Hebrew מרים (miryám). Doublet of Mary.


gitara

[ɡɪˈt̪aː.ɾɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish guitarra, from Old Spanish guitarra, borrowed from Arabic قِيثَارَة (qīṯāra), borrowed from Aramaic קיתרא, borrowed from Ancient Greek κῐθᾰ́ρᾱ (kĭthắrā). Doublet of sitara.


Adan

Borrowed from Spanish Adán, ultimately from Hebrew אָדָם (adam, “earth, man, soil, light brown”).


Ala

Borrowed from Spanish Alá, from Arabic اللّٰه (allāh).


Koran

Korán (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
Kuran (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish Corán, from Arabic قُرْآن (qurʔān). Doublet of Alkoran and Qur'an.


Abel

Borrowed from Spanish Abel, from Latin Abel, from Ancient Greek Ἅβελ (Hábel), from Biblical Hebrew הֶבֶל (heḇel, “breath, vapor; vanity”).


Ibrahim

[ʔɪb.ɾɐˈhɪm]

Borrowed from Arabic إِبْرَاهِيم (ʔibrāhīm), borrowed from Aramaic אברהם (ʾaḇrāhām), from Biblical Hebrew אַבְרָהָם (ʔaḇrɔhɔm). Doublet of Abraham.

etymon

ar>إِبْرَاهِيم>prophet


Ramadan

Ramadán (canonical)
ᜇᜋᜇᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
Ramadhan (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic رَمَضَان (ramaḍān).

Ramadan (holy ninth month of Islamic calendar)


hadith

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic حَدِيث (ḥadīṯ, “prophetic tradition”).


iftar

Borrowed from Arabic إِفْطَار (ʔifṭār, “breaking of fasting”).


shahada

ᜐ᜔ᜌᜑᜇ (Baybayin)
shahadah (alternative)
shahaadah (alternative)
syahada (alternative)

[ʃɐˈhaː.d̪ɐ]

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic شَهَادَة (šahāda, “witnessing”).


masjid

masjíd (canonical)
ᜋᜐ᜔ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
masgid (alternative uncommon)

[mɐsˈd͡ʒɪd̪̚]

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic مَسْجِد (masjid). Doublet of mansigit and meskita.


adhan

adhán (canonical)
ᜀᜇᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
azan (alternative)

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic أَذَان (ʔaḏān).


suhur

suhúr (canonical)
ᜐᜓᜑᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
suhoor (alternative)

suhur (predawn meal before Islamic fasting)


Allahu akbar

tl-head

Allahu akbár (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎᜑᜓ ᜀᜃ᜔ᜊᜇ᜔)

Allahu akbár (canonical)
ᜀᜎᜑᜓ ᜀᜃ᜔ᜊᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐˌlaː.hʊ ʔɐkˈbaɾ]

Borrowed from Arabic اللّٰهُ أَكْبَر (allāhu ʔakbar).

bor+

اللّٰهُ أَكْبَر


tawhid

tawhíd (canonical)
ᜆᜏ᜔ᜑᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
tawheed (alternative)

[t̪aʊ̯ˈhɪd̪̚]

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic تَوْحِيد (tawḥīd).

ubor

tawhid (central Islamic doctrine of God's divine unity)


ummah

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic أُمَّة (ʔumma), possibly via English ummah.


zakat

zakát (canonical)
ᜐᜃᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
zakah (alternative)
zakaah (alternative)

zakat (almsgiving in the form of an annual tax on certain types of property, which is used for charitable purposes)


arpa

arpa (canonical)
arpá (canonical)
ᜀᜇ᜔ᜉ (Baybayin)
alpa (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish arpa (“harp”), from Late Latin harpa.


bodega

→ Tausug: buriga

[boˈd̪ɛː.ɣɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish bodega, from Latin apothēca, from Ancient Greek ἀποθήκη (apothḗkē, “storehouse”). Compare Tausug buriga. Doublet of botika.


pawl

ᜉᜏ᜔ᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
paul (alternative dated)

Borrowed from English foul, from Middle English foulen, fulen, from Old English fūlian.


koro

Borrowed from Spanish coro, from Latin chorus, from Ancient Greek χορός (khorós).

(music) chorus (part of a song repeated between verses)


medida

(literary, poetry, music) measure; measurement; number of syllables in a line (in poetry)


Eden

Borrowed from Spanish Edén, from Biblical Hebrew עֵדֶן (ʿḗḏen).


tono

(photography) tone (favorable combination of lights in a picture)


absolutismo

tl-noun

absolutismo (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐᜓᜎᜓᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)

tlb

(philosophy, political science, ethics, theology)

ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐᜓᜎᜓᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ (Baybayin)
absulutismo (alternative)


tumba

Borrowed from Spanish tumbar. Compare Cebuano tumba.


bomba

Borrowed from Spanish bomba. Compare English bombshell.


tasa

Borrowed from Spanish taza (“cup”), from Andalusian Arabic طَاسَة (ṭāsa), from Arabic طَاس (ṭās), from Middle Persian tšt' (tašt).

(cooking) cup; cupful (unit of measurement)


kendo

Borrowed from Japanese 剣道(けんどー) (kendō), from Middle Chinese 劍 (kjæ̀m, “sword”) + 道 (dáu, “way”).


menor

Borrowed from Spanish menor, from Latin minōrem.


harmonika

harmóniká (canonical)
ᜑᜇ᜔ᜋᜓᜈᜒᜃ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish armónica, from English harmonica. The /h/ has been repronounced due to spelling and English influence.


pari

parì (canonical)
ᜉᜇᜒ (Baybayin)
pare (alternative obsolete)

From obsolescent variant pare, from Spanish padre, from Latin pater. Doublet of padre.


pari

Compare Kapampangan pari, Malay baji, Old Javanese paji, and Tamil வசி (vaci).


dhikr

ᜇᜒᜃᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
dhikir (alternative)
zikr (alternative)

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic ذِكْر (ḏikr).

ubor

dhikr (an Islamic prayer whereby a phrase or expression of praise is repeated continually)


tako

(sports, billiards, pool) cue; billiard stick


abrigo

[ʔɐˈbɾiː.ɣo]

Borrowed from Spanish abrigo (“overcoat”).


Amos

Borrowed from Spanish Amós, from Latin Amos, from Biblical Hebrew עמוס (Amos, “to carry; a burden”).


torero

[t̪oˈɾɛː.ɾo]

Borrowed from Spanish torero. By surface analysis, toro + -ero.


San Diego

tl-proper noun

San Diego (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔ ᜇᜒᜌᜒᜄᜓ)

[ˌsan̪ ˈd͡ʒɛː.ɣo]

Borrowed from Spanish San Diego (“St. James”).


Pablo

Borrowed from Spanish Pablo, from Old Spanish Pablo, from Latin Paulus. Doublet of Paul, Paulo, and Paolo.


Santiago

Chinese Filipino
Guan Yu
James, brother of Jesus
Jose Rizal
St. James

Borrowed from Spanish Santiago (“St. James”).
The Guan Yu sense among Chinese Filipinos is due to a syncretic association of the said deified Chinese general with St. James, who are both known for their assertiveness and heroism, which non-Chinese and people like Jose Rizal during the 19th century first associated with and/or surmised the Chinese folk deities venerated by Chinese Filipinos on Chinese altars and prints with popular Christian or Muslim figures.

(biblical) James (book of the New Testament)


San Jose

San José (canonical)
ᜐᜈ᜔ ᜑᜓᜐᜒ (Baybayin)


sinag

[ˈsiː.n̪ɐɡ̚]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sinaʀ (“ray of light”) (cf. Fijian siga (“sun”), Malay sinar, Nias sino, Samoan masina (“moon”), and Tausug sinag (“brightness”)), from Proto-Austronesian *siNaʀ (“sun”) (compare Amis cidal (“sun”) and Sakizaya cilal (“sun”)).


layag

From Proto-Philippine *layaʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *layaʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *layaʀ. Compare Aklanon eayag, Bikol Central layag, Cebuano layag, Chamorro låyak, Fijian laca, Hawaiian lā, Malagasy lay, Malay layar, Maori rā, Nias loyo, Sundanese layar, Tahitian rā, Tetum laan, and Urak Lawoi' บลาเยอ (blaye).
The fandom sense is a calque of English sail, from a fandom phrase “the ship is sailing”. The word ship does not mean boat but a wordplay from ship (short for relationship) to mean that the relationship is in motion and is moving forward. See also English that ship has sailed.

gl

short for <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">relationship</i>

(fandom slang) progressing; advancing (of a relationship)


dila

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilaq. Compare Ibanag zila, Ilocano dila, Kiput deleiʔ, Malay lidah, and Tsat la⁵⁵. Also possibly from a metathesis of Sanskrit लीढ (līḍha, “licked”).


Pedro

ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
Pidro (alternative obsolete)
Piro (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Spanish Pedro, from Latin Petrus, from Ancient Greek Πέτρος (Pétros), from πέτρος (pétros, “stone, rock”).


ambulante

tl-adj

ambulante (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜎᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ)

ᜀᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜎᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish ambulante, from Latin ambulantem.

(fishing) a type of fish corral that incorporates a cage to trap fish as the tide recedes


panteismo

tl-noun

panteísmo (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜌᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)

panteísmo (canonical)
ᜉᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜌᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ (Baybayin)


sunna

ᜐᜓᜈ (Baybayin)
suna (alternative)
sunnah (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic سُنَّة (sunna). Compare Javanese ꦱꦸꦤꦃ (sunah). Doublet of sunat (“circumcision”).


aikido

Borrowed from Japanese 合(あい)気(き)道(どう) (aikidō, “aikido”, literally “way of adapting the spirit”), from 合(あい) (ai, “together, unify”) + 気(き) (ki, “spirit; breath”) + 道(どう) (dō, “way”).


Kaaba

ᜃᜊ (Baybayin)
Caaba (alternative)
Kaba (alternative)
Ka'ba (alternative)

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic كَعْبَة (kaʕba, “cube”).


kal

Borrowed from Spanish cal, from Vulgar Latin cals, from Latin calx, from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix). Doublet of tsok.


alegro

[ʔɐˈlɛː.ɡɾo]

Borrowed from Spanish alegro, from Italian allegro.


alegro

[ʔɐˈlɛː.ɡɾo]


entablado

ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆᜊ᜔ᜎᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
intablado (alternative)


zumba

Borrowed from English Zumba, from trademark Zumba created by the Colombian Beto Pérez, from Spanish rumba with the first letter changed to “Z”.


aleta

[ʔɐˈlɛː.t̪ɐ]


puwa

Borrowed from Spanish púa (“plectrum; pick”), from Vulgar Latin *pugia, from Latin pungō (“to prick, to puncture, to sting”).


pelota

pelota (any of a variety of Spanish sports played against a wall)


watusi

tl-noun

wátúsi or watusí (Baybayin spelling ᜏᜆᜓᜐᜒ)

wátúsi (canonical)
watusí (canonical)
ᜏᜆᜓᜐᜒ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from English watusi, from Swahili watusi, from wa- (plural marker) + Rwanda-Rundi Tūtsi.


organo

[ˌʔoɾ.ɡɐˈn̪o]

(music) organ (a musical instrument made of multiple pipes)


bukid

ᜊᜓᜃᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
bucquir (alternative)
bukir (alternative)

From Proto-Austronesian *bukij (“mountain”). Compare Pangasinan bokig, Cebuano bukid, Malay bukit, and Javanese ꦮꦸꦏꦶꦂ (wukir).

(agriculture) farm; field under cultivation


bituin

tl-noun

bituín or bituin (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜆᜓᜁᜈ᜔)

bituín (canonical)
bituin (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜆᜓᜁᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
bitoin (alternative)
bitoyn (alternative)
botiin (alternative)
butiyn (alternative)
bitowin (alternative obsolete)
butiin (alternative)
bituwin (alternative common)
bitwin (alternative colloquial)

[bɪ.t̪ʊˈʔɪn̪]

[bɪˈt̪uː.ʔɪn̪]

From Proto-Philippine *bituqən, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bituqən, from Proto-Austronesian *bituqən. Compare Kapampangan batuin, Bikol Central bituon, Cebuano bituon, Tausug bituun. See also Malay bintang. Possibly related to etymology 2.

(chiefly acting, figurative) star; celebrity


rampa

Borrowed from Spanish rampa, from French rampe.

(especially fashion, colloquial) runway walk (like a runway model)


serbi

Borrowed from Spanish servir, from Latin servīre. Doublet of silbi.

service (act of initially serving the ball)


saksi

saksí (canonical)
ᜐᜃ᜔ᜐᜒ (Baybayin)
sacsi (alternative)

Borrowed from Malay saksi, from Sanskrit साक्षी (sākṣī), masculine nominative singular form of साक्षिन् (sākṣin, “witness”).

(religion, colloquial) member of Jehovah's Witnesses


sipa

Borrowed from Malay sepak, from Old Javanese sepak. Compare Bikol Central sipa, Cebuano sipa, Waray-Waray sipa, Maranao sipa', Tausug sipa', and Javanese ꦱꦺꦥꦏ꧀ (sépak).

(sports) sipa (Filipino traditional native sport)


Ismael

[ʔɪs.mɐˈʔɛl]

Borrowed from Spanish Ismael, ultimately from Hebrew יִשְׁמָעֵאל (yishma'él/yišmāʿēl).


San Juan

San Juán (canonical)
ᜐᜈ᜔ ᜑᜓᜏᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


basketbol

básketból (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜐ᜔ᜃᜒᜆ᜔ᜊᜓᜎ᜔)

básketból (canonical)
ᜊᜐ᜔ᜃᜒᜆ᜔ᜊᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

(sports) basketball (game and ball used)


trombon

trombón (canonical)
ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish trombón (“trombone”).


konduktor

tl-noun

konduktór (feminine konduktora, Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔)

konduktór (canonical)
konduktora (feminine)
ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
kunduktor (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish conductor, from Latin conductor. Sense of “person who collects fares in Public transportation”, semantic loan from English conductor.

(music) conductor; bandmaster; orchestra or band leader


lirika

Borrowed from Spanish lírica, feminine of lírico, from Latin lyricus, from Ancient Greek λυρικός (lurikós). Sense meaning "words to a song" is a semantic loan from English lyrics. Correct Spanish term would be letras de canciones. Doublet of liriks.


sukat

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sukat. Compare Aklanon sukat, Kapampangan sukad, Malay sukat, and Tetum sukat.


Kain

Kaín (canonical)
ᜃᜁᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
Cain (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish Caín, from Latin Cain, from Biblical Hebrew הֶבֶל (heḇel, “breath, vapor; vanity”). See also Ancient Greek Κάϊν (Káïn).


madrasa

ᜋᜇ᜔ᜇᜐ (Baybayin)
madrasah (alternative)
Madrasah (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic مَدْرَسَة (madrasa, “school”).


raketa

[ɾɐˈxɛː.t̪ɐ]

(sports) racket (in tennis, badminton, etc.)


kulot

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kulut (“curly-haired”). Compare Ilocano kulot, Pangasinan kulut, Kapampangan kulut, and Cebuano kulot.

(music, colloquial) melismatic (in singing)


kulot

kulot ng boses

(music, colloquial) melisma; vocal run (in singing)


trumpeta

ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜆ (Baybayin)
trompeta (alternative)

[t̪ɾʊmˈpɛː.t̪ɐ]


deista

(religion) deist (a person who believes in deism)


Eliseo

Borrowed from Spanish Eliseo, from Hebrew אֱלִישָׁע (Elisha').


testamento

tl-noun

testamento (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)


karambola

Borrowed from Spanish carambola, from Portuguese carambola, from Malay karambal, from Marathi करंबळ (karambaḷ), ultimately from Sanskrit कर्मार (karmā́ra), कर्मरङ्ग (karmaranga).


panenteismo

panenteismo (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜈᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜌᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)

ᜉᜈᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜌᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ (Baybayin)


kriket

Borrowed from English cricket. For the sports definition, possibly through Spanish críquet (“cricket”).


lakan

Compare Javanese ꦫꦏ (raka) and Malay laki.

Filipino martial arts
w:Filipino martial arts

(martial arts) black belt (in Filipino martial arts)


aperkat

[ˌʔaː.pɛɾˈkat̪̚]


bilis

Compare Kapampangan bilis. See also Spanish veloz.


serenata

[sɛ.ɾɛˈn̪aː.t̪ɐ]


siid

(fishing) small, low heart-shaped potlike non-return trap made of bamboo matting (used chiefly for catching catfish)


akordeon

akordeón (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

akordeón (canonical)
ᜀᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
akordiyon (alternative)
akurdiyon (alternative)
akordyon (alternative)
akurdyon (alternative)
kordiyon (alternative clipping colloquial)
kurdiyon (alternative clipping colloquial)
kurdyon (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish acordeón, from German Akkordeon.


solista

ᜐᜓᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)
soloista (alternative)
solowista (alternative)


taan

taán (canonical)
taan (canonical)
ᜆᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ˈt̪aː.ʔɐn̪]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqan, *taqən, from Proto-Austronesian *taqan (“to set a trap; to set a snare”). Compare Cebuano taon and Malay tahan.

inh

a type of fish trap made of a barricade of stones and split bamboo (for catching fish in coral reefs)


Hawa

Hawâ (canonical)
ᜑᜏ (Baybayin)
Hawwa (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic حَوَّاء (ḥawwāʔ), from Hebrew חַוָּה (ḥawwā). Doublet of Eba.


orkestra

tl-noun

orkestra or órkestrá (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜇ᜔ᜃᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇ)

orkestra (canonical)
órkestrá (canonical)
ᜂᜇ᜔ᜃᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇ (Baybayin)

[ʔoɾˈkɛs.t̪ɾɐ]

Borrowed from English orchestra, from Latin orchēstra, from Ancient Greek ὀρχήστρᾱ (orkhḗstrā). Doublet of orkesta.


Noe

Borrowed from Spanish Noé, from Latin Nōē, from Ancient Greek Νῶε (Nôe), from Biblical Hebrew נֹחַ (Nōaḥ).


lambat

Borrowed from Brunei Malay rambat (“cast net”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀambat. Compare Bikol Central lambat (“net”), Masbatenyo lambat (“net”), Aklanon eambat (“net”), and Cebuano gambat (“latticework”).


pingpong

ᜉᜒᜅ᜔ᜉᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
pimpong (alternative)
ping pong (alternative)

Borrowed from English ping pong, a genericized trademark of onomatopoeic origin. Contrary to a common misconception, the word does not originate from Chinese 乒乓 (pīngpāng).


Mateo

Borrowed from Spanish Mateo, from Latin Matthaeus, from Ancient Greek Ματθαῖος (Matthaîos), from Hebrew מַתִּתְיָהוּ (mattiṯyāhū, literally “gift of the Lord”).

der

מַתִּתְיָהוּ


piyano

Borrowed from Spanish piano (“piano”), from Italian piano, from Latin plānus.


basista

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English bassist, influenced by Spanish -ista. Doublet of bahista.


San Pablo

Borrowed from Spanish San Pablo.
The city is named after Paul of Thebes (Spanish: Pablo el Ermitaño. Tagalog: Pablo, ang Unang Ermitanyo), its patron saint.


agila

[ˌʔaː.ɣɪˈla]

Borrowed from Spanish águila (“eagle”), from Latin aquila. The sense “fish corral” is due to its shape resembling an eagle with its wings open.

(fishing) kind of shallow-water fish corral provided with a semicircular enclosure having two opposite, tapering ends that lead into two pounds


bangko

Borrowed from Spanish banco, from Old French bank, from Proto-Germanic *bankiz. The senses “bench; pew” was borrowed in an earlier stage of the language.


Jumu'ah

Jumu'áh (canonical)
ᜇ᜔ᜌᜓᜋᜓᜀ (Baybayin)
Jumuah (alternative)
Jumu-ah (alternative)
Jumua (alternative)
Jum'ah (alternative)

[d͡ʒʊ.mʊˈʔa]

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic جمعة (jumuʕa), as in الجمعة (al-jumuʕa).

ubor

Jumu'ah (main congregational prayers, held at noon on a Friday)


raket

[ˈɾaː.xɛt̪̚]


grasya

ᜄ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
grasiya (alternative)
garasiya (alternative obsolete)
grasia (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Spanish gracia, from Latin grātia.


kawali

kawalì (canonical)
ᜃᜏᜎᜒ (Baybayin)
cauali (alternative)

Borrowed from Malay kuali, from Tamil குவளை (kuvaḷai, “wide-mouthed vessel; cup”).


batuta

[bɐˈt̪uː.t̪ɐʔ]


plektro

ᜉ᜔ᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish plectro (“plectrum”), from Latin plēctrum, from Ancient Greek πλῆκτρον (plêktron).


tisa

Borrowed from Spanish tiza (“chalk”), from Classical Nahuatl tizatl (“white earth, chalk”). Compare Cebuano tisas and Maranao tisas.


malaika

maláiká (canonical)
ᜋᜎᜁᜃ (Baybayin)
malaikah (alternative)
mala'ikah (alternative)
malaaikah (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic مَلَائِكَة (malāʔika), plural of مَلْأَك (malʔak). Compare Maranao mala'ikat, Tausug malāikat, and Malay malaikat.


balada

Borrowed from Spanish balada, from French ballade, from Old Occitan ballada, from Late Latin ballāre.


Andres

[ʔɐn̪ˈd̪ɾɛs]

Borrowed from Spanish Andrés, from Latin Andreās, from Ancient Greek Ἀνδρέας (Andréas).


tostador

tostadór (canonical)
ᜆᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
tustador (alternative)


yakap

ᜌᜃᜉ᜔ (Baybayin)
yacap (alternative)
akap (alternative)


apuntador

tl-noun

apuntadór (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜉᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜇᜓᜇ᜔)

apuntadór (canonical)
ᜀᜉᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐ.pʊn̪.t̪ɐˈd̪oɾ]


baho

Borrowed from Spanish bajo, from Late Latin bassus.


tiple

Borrowed from Spanish tiple. See also triple.


hukom

hukóm (canonical)
ᜑᜓᜃᜓᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)
hocom (alternative)
hucom (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic حُكْم (ḥukm, “judgment”), possibly through Malay hukum. Compare Kapampangan ukum, Maranao kukum, Tausug hukum.


kulintang

kulintáng (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
kulintangan (alternative)
kulintan (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kulintaŋ. Compare Tboli klintang, Yakan kwintangan, Indonesian kolintang, Indonesian kelenteng, Javanese ꦏ꧀ꦭꦺꦤ꧀ꦛꦺꦁ (klénthéng).


reperi

tl-noun

réperí or reperí (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜉᜒᜇᜒ)

réperí (canonical)
reperí (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜉᜒᜇᜒ (Baybayin)

[ˌɾɛː.pɛˈɾɪ]

Borrowed from English referee, from Middle English, from past participle of Old French referer (“to relate, to refer”).


kaban

kabán (canonical)
ᜃᜊᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
caban (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban (“storage chest”). Compare Pangasinan kaban Hanunoo kaban, Bikol Central kaban, Aklanon kaban, Cebuano kaban, Maranao kaban, Western Bukidnon Manobo kavan, Tausug kaban, and Malay keban. See also Japanese 鞄(かばん) (kaban, “bag”), Hokkien 合萬 /合万 (kap-bān, “cashbox; till”), Teochew 合萬 /合万 (kap buāng, “safebox”), Cantonese 夾萬 /夹万 (gaap³ maan⁶, “safebox”)


akto

Borrowed from Spanish acto, from Latin āctus.


Isa

ᜁᜐ (Baybayin)
Iesa (alternative)
Issa (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic عِيسَى (ʕīsā). Compare Tausug Īsa and Malay Isa.


kibla

kiblá (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜊ᜔ᜎ (Baybayin)
kiblah (alternative)
qibla (alternative)
qiblah (alternative)

Ang kibla ng mga Muslim ay ang Kaaba na itinayo ng ama ng mga Propeta na si Ibrahim.

The qibla of the Muslims is the Kaaba which was built by the father of Prophets who is Ibrahim.

qibla (direction in which Muslims face while praying)


araro

Borrowed from Early Modern Spanish arado, from Old Spanish aradro, from Latin arātrum. Compare Cebuano daro.


moske

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English mosque, from French mosquée, from Italian moschea, from Spanish mezquita. Doublet of meskita.


gangsa

From Malay gangsa (“bell-metal; bronze”) via a Cordilleran language such as Central Bontoc gangsa, from Sanskrit कंस (kaṃsa). Compare Kankanaey gangsa, Tausug gangsa', Indonesian kangsa, Javanese ꦒꦁꦱ (gangsa) and Balinese ᬕᬗ᭄ᬲ (gangsa). See also kansa.

brass gong with convex side and forked stick as a handle


panderetas

tl-noun

panderetas (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜆᜐ᜔)

ᜉᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜆᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

[pɐn̪.d̪ɛˈɾɛː.t̪ɐs]

Borrowed from Spanish panderetas, plural form of pandereta (“tambourine”).


absolusyon

absolusyón (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐᜓᜎᜓᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

absolusyón (canonical)
ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐᜓᜎᜓᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
absulusyon (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish absolución, from Latin absolūtiōnem (“acquittal”).


rigodon

rigodón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜄᜓᜇᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
rigudon (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish rigodón, from French rigodon.


bilangan

tl-verb

bilangan (complete binilangan, progressive binibilangan, contemplative bibilangan, Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜎᜅᜈ᜔)

binilangan (completive)
binibilangan (progressive)
bibilangan (contemplative)
ᜊᜒᜎᜅᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
bilang
bilangan (infinitive objective)
binilangan (objective)
binibilangan (objective progressive)
inabilangan (dialectal objective progressive)
bibilangan (objective)
abilangan (dialectal objective)
bilangi (dialectal imperative objective)

bilangan


pinid

ᜉᜒᜈᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
pinir (alternative obsolete)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pənəd (“stopped up, plugged”). Compare Ilocano penned and Tausug punud.


ustad

[ʔʊsˈt̪ad̪̚]

Borrowed from Arabic أُسْتَاذ (ʔustāḏ), from Classical Persian استاذ (ustād). Compare Maranao ostad, Tausug ustadj, and Malay ustaz.

ustad (a title for a teacher or expert in Islam)


hagod

(music, colloquial) portamento; gliding or sliding between notes (especially with the voice)


Alkoran

Borrowed from Spanish Alcorán, from Arabic الْقُرْآن (al-qurʔān). Doublet of Koran and Qur'an.


rompida

ᜇᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜇ (Baybayin)
rumpida (alternative)

(martial arts) rompida (a striking technique in Philippine martial arts wherein one strikes or slashes up and down repeatedly in the same line)


silopono

silóponó (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜎᜓᜉᜓᜈᜓ (Baybayin)


beysbol

ᜊᜒᜌ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜊᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
beisbol (alternative dated)
besbol (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish béisbol or from English baseball.


palpal

(basketball) blocking of a shot using the hand


assalamu alaikum

tl-head

assalamu alaikum (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜐᜎᜋᜓ ᜀᜎᜌ᜔ᜃᜓᜋ᜔)

ᜀᜐᜎᜋᜓ ᜀᜎᜌ᜔ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)
assalamualaikum (alternative)
assalamu alaikom (alternative)
asalamu alaykum (alternative)
assalamu alaykum (alternative)

From Arabic اَلسَّلَام عَلَيْكُم (as-salām ʕalaykum, “peace be upon you”). Compare Maranao asalamo'alaikom.

der

اَلسَّلَام عَلَيْكُم


iqama

ᜁᜃᜋ (Baybayin)
iqamah (alternative)
iqamat (alternative)
qamat (alternative)
kamat (alternative)

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic إِقَامَة (ʔiqāma).


minarete

[mɪ.n̪ɐˈɾɛː.t̪ɛ]

Borrowed from Spanish minarete, from French minaret, from Ottoman Turkish مناره (Turkish minare), from Arabic مَنَارَة (manāra, “lighthouse, minaret”). Compare Malay menara. Doublet of menora.


alegreto

[ʔɐ.lɛˈɡɾɛː.t̪o]

Borrowed from Spanish alegreto, from Italian allegretto.

allegretto (a movement that is to be played fast and lively)


ubo

(agriculture, horticulture) act of transplanting a young plant


Baka

From baka. Calque of Arabic الْبَقَرَة (al-baqara, “the cow”). See also Arabic سُورَةُ ٱلْبَقَرَة (sūratu l-baqara).

ncog

سُورَةُ ٱلْبَقَرَة

Baqara (2nd sura (chapter) of the Qur'an)


mashallah

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic مَا شَاءَ ٱللّٰه (mā šāʔa llāh).

ubor

مَا شَاءَ ٱللّٰه


kunan

tl-verb

kunan (complete kinunan, progressive kinukunan, contemplative kukunan, 1st benefactive trigger, Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈᜈ᜔)

kinunan (completive)
kinukunan (progressive)
kukunan (contemplative)
ᜃᜓᜈᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
kuha
kunan (benefactive infinitive)
kinunan (benefactive)
kinukunan (benefactive progressive)
inakunan (benefactive dialectal progressive)
kukunan (benefactive)
akunan (benefactive dialectal)
kuni (benefactive dialectal imperative)
kuhaan (alternative)
kuhanan (alternative)

tl-infl-in-an

kunan

kunan

From a syncopic form of kuhanan, from kuha + -nan.

Kunan mo ako ng litrato.

(photography) to take a picture; to photograph


korporal

korporál (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜉᜓᜇᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish corporal, from Latin corporālis. Doublet of kulpuralis.

(Christianity, ecclesiastical) corporal (linen cloth on which the elements of the Eucharist are placed)


sajada

ᜐᜇ᜔ᜌᜇ (Baybayin)
sadyada (alternative)
sajadah (alternative)
sajadan (alternative)
sadyadan (alternative)

[sɐˈd͡ʒaː.d̪ɐ]

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic سَجَّادَة (sajjāda, “prayer rug”). The insertion of the final /n/ in variants is perhaps influenced by other Philippine languages in Mindanao. Compare Tausug sudjara, Indonesian sajadah, and Malay sejadah. See also -an suffix.


kundiman

The name of the love song is possibly due to the strong association of love to the color of the cloth. Compare Cebuano kundiman, Hiligaynon kundiman, Calamian Tagbanwa kundiman, Palawan Batak kundiman, Hanunoo kundiman.

(music) kundiman (a genre of native love songs or serenades)


antem

Borrowed from English anthem, from Middle English anteme, from Old English antefn, antefen and Old French antiene, anteine, anteivne, from Latin antiphōna, from Ancient Greek ἀντίφωνα (antíphōna). Doublet of antipona.


hudo

Borrowed from Spanish judo (“judo”), from Japanese 柔道(じゅうどう) (jūdō, “judo”). Doublet of diyudo.

ja-r

柔道(じゅうどう) (jūdō, “judo”)


Santa Maria

tl-proper noun

Santa Maria (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔ᜆ ᜋᜇᜒᜌ)

Borrowed from Spanish Santa María (“Saint Mary”).


tulog

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *tuduʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuduʀ (cf. Aklanon tueog, Bikol Central turog, Ilocano turog, Javanese ꦠꦸꦫꦸ (turu), Malay tidur, Maranao torog, Tausug tug), from Proto-Austronesian *tuduʀ.

(boxing, figurative, colloquial) act of knocking out


tulog

(boxing, figurative, colloquial) knocked out


1 Juan

1 Juán (canonical)
ᜂᜈᜅ᜔ ᜑᜓᜏᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


akordeonista

tl-noun

akordeonista (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜀᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)
akordiyonista (alternative)
akurdiyonista (alternative)
akordyonista (alternative)
akurdyonista (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish acordeonista. By surface analysis, akordeon + -ista.


boksingero

boksingero (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜅᜒᜇᜓ)

ᜊᜓᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜅᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
boksinero (alternative)


balibol

báliból (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜒᜊᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
bolibol (alternative)


balibol

ᜊᜎᜒᜊᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
balibul (alternative)
bulibol (alternative)


agong

From Malay gong. Compare Hanunoo agong, Cebuano agong, Maranao agong, Tausug agung, and Javanese ꦒꦺꦴꦁ (gong).


pukot

From Proto-Central Philippine *pukət, from Proto-Philippine *pukət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pukət. Compare Malay pukat & Iban pukat.


Musulman

Musulmán (canonical)
ᜋᜓᜐᜓᜎ᜔ᜋᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish musulmán, from French musulman, from Ottoman Turkish مسلمان (Müslüman, “Muslim”), from Classical Persian مسلمان (musalmān), from Arabic مُسْلِم (muslim, “Muslim”), possibly via its plural مُسْلِمُون (muslimūn). Doublet of Muslim.


balangay

balangáy (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜅᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
balang̃ay (alternative)

[bɐ.lɐˈŋaɪ̯]

Compare Malay berangai (“apparently dead; in a state of suspended animation”).


tambol

Borrowed from Spanish tambor, from Andalusian Arabic تابول (ṭabbūl), hypocorism/diminutive of Arabic طُنْبُور (ṭunbūr).


medyor

[ˈmɛː.d͡ʒoɾ]


ulay

(agriculture) act of covering young plants to stimulate growth


makruh

makrúh (canonical)
ᜋᜃ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
makru (alternative)
makrooh (alternative)

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic مَكْرُوه (makrūh).


biyolin

Borrowed from Spanish violín (“violin”), from Italian violino, diminutive form of viola with diminutive suffix -ino.


biyola

Borrowed from Spanish viola (“viola”), from Italian viola, from Old Occitan viola (modern Occitan viula), from Medieval Latin *vitula (“stringed instrument”).


batingting

tl-noun

batingtíng (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜆᜒᜅ᜔ᜆᜒᜅ᜔)

batingtíng (canonical)
ᜊᜆᜒᜅ᜔ᜆᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)

[bɐ.t̪ɪn̪ˈt̪ɪŋ]

Possibly from the following:
* From Proto-Philippine *batiŋtiŋ (“ringing sound, as of a bell”)
* From Spanish batintín (“Chinese gong”)
* From Chinese [Term?]


bahon

Borrowed from Spanish bajón (“bassoon”).


martsa

Borrowed from Spanish marcha, from marchar, from French marcher, from Middle French, from Old French marchier, from Frankish *markōn, from Proto-Germanic, from Proto-Indo-European *mórǵs (“edge, boundary, border”).


sadaka

sadaká (canonical)
ᜐᜇᜃ (Baybayin)
sadaqa (alternative)
sadaqah (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic صَدَقَة (ṣadaqa, “alms; charity”). Compare Maranao sadka, Maguindanao sadeka, Tausug sarakka, and Malay sedekah.


trahedya

[t̪ɾɐˈhɛː.d͡ʒɐ]

[t̪ɾɐˈhɛd̪.jɐ]


agaw

From Proto-Austronesian *qaʀaw (“snatch, take away by force, rob”). Compare Kapampangan ayo, Bikol Central agaw, Cebuano agaw, and Maranao agaw.


najis

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic نَجِس (najis), possibly via English najis.


tabernakulo

tl-noun

tabernákuló (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜈᜃᜓᜎᜓ)

tabernákuló (canonical)
ᜆᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜈᜃᜓᜎᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish tabernáculo (“tabernacle”).

bor+

(biblical) tabernacle (portable tent used before the construction of the temple)


arya

Borrowed from Spanish aria, from Italian aria, metathesis from Latin āera, Greek-type accusative of āēr, from Ancient Greek ἀήρ (aḗr, “air”). Doublet of ere.

aria (a musical piece written typically for a solo voice with orchestral accompaniment in an opera or cantata)


sakag

(fishing) small fishing net mounted on two poles that form an X (which are pushed along waist-deep water, especially in rivers)


salap

Borrowed from Arabic صَرْف (ṣarf, “money exchange; expense; money”). Compare Arabic صَرَّاف (ṣarrāf, “money changer”).

cog

(fishing) small fishing net (used for catching fry and other tiny fishes)

(fishing) catching of fry and other tiny fishes using such a net


salap

(fishing) a type of freshwater fishing net


paroko

tl-noun

paroko or párokó (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜇᜓᜃᜓ)

paroko (canonical)
párokó (canonical)
ᜉᜇᜓᜃᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish párroco, from Latin parochus.

(ecclesiastical, uncommon) a parish priest


San Miguel

tl-proper noun

San Miguél (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔ ᜋᜒᜄᜒᜎ᜔)

San Miguél (canonical)
ᜐᜈ᜔ ᜋᜒᜄᜒᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

(biblical) Michael, an archangel associated with defending Israel in the tribulation


komedya

ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜇ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
kumedya (alternative)


Bernabe

Bernabé or Bérnabé (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜈᜊᜒ)

Bernabé (canonical)
Bérnabé (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜈᜊᜒ (Baybayin)

[bɛɾ.n̪ɐˈbɛ]

[ˌbɛɾ.n̪ɐˈbɛ]

May mga propeta at mga guro sa iglesya sa Antioquia. Kabilang dito si Bernabe, Simeon na tinawag ding Itim,[...]

2010, Magandang Balita Biblia (Revised Tagalog Popular Version): Mga Gawa 13:1:


Bartolome

Bartolomé (canonical)
ᜊᜇ᜔ᜆᜓᜎᜓᜋᜒ (Baybayin)
Tolome (alternative diminutive)

Borrowed from Spanish Bartolomé, from Latin Bartholomaeus, from Ancient Greek Βαρθολομαῖος (Bartholomaîos), from Aramaic בַּר תַּלְמַי (bar tolmai, “son of Tolmai”).

der

Βαρθολομαῖος

בַּר תַּלְמַי


baway

Borrowed from earlier Kapampangan *bauay (modern Kapampangan baue), from Proto-Philippine *bawəʀ. Compare Ilocano baor and Hanunoo bawog. Doublet of bawig.


kawad

ᜃᜏᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
cauad (alternative)
cauar (alternative)
kawar (alternative obsolete)

Compare Maranao kawat, Tausug kawat, and Malay kawat.

(music, obsolete) chord; string (of a musical stringed instrument)


kamalig

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kamaliʀ (“bachelor's house”). Compare Old Javanese kamalir (“a particular kind of possibly-religious building”).


Magandang Balita

tl-proper noun

Magandáng Balità (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄᜈ᜔ᜇᜅ᜔ ᜊᜎᜒᜆ)

Magandáng Balità (canonical)
ᜋᜄᜈ᜔ᜇᜅ᜔ ᜊᜎᜒᜆ (Baybayin)

Literally, “good news”. Possible calque of Ancient Greek εὐαγγέλιον (euangélion, “good news; gospel”).


Mga Hukom

Mga Hukóm (canonical)
ᜋᜅ ᜑᜓᜃᜓᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)


Mga Panaghoy

tl-proper noun

Mga Panaghóy (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜅ ᜉᜈᜄ᜔ᜑᜓᜌ᜔)

Mga Panaghóy (canonical)
ᜋᜅ ᜉᜈᜄ᜔ᜑᜓᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

[mɐˌŋa pɐ.n̪ɐɡˈhoɪ̯]


Pagtatapos ng Ramadan

Pagtatapós ng Ramadán (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜆᜆᜉᜓᜐ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜇᜋᜇᜈ᜔)

Pagtatapós ng Ramadán (canonical)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜆᜆᜉᜓᜐ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜇᜋᜇᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[pɐɡ.t̪ɐ.t̪ɐˌpos n̪ɐŋ ɾɐ.mɐˈd̪an̪]

(Islam) Eid al-Fitr, feast day by Muslims on the end of Ramadan; a movable holiday in the Philippines


binyag

binyág (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜌᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)
biniyag (alternative obsolete)

→ Tausug: binyag

According to the Vocabulario de la lengua tagala (1860), this word is from Brunei, perhaps Brunei Malay, which originally meant “to pour water from above”, which was an ablution ceremony (cf. wudu) done by an imam while teaching Islam, and was possibly later applied to Christian baptism. Blust & Trussel also posit Proto-Philippine *buniag. Compare Ilocano buniag, Kapampangan biniag, Bikol Central bunyag, Cebuano bunyag, Hiligaynon bunyag, and Maranao boniyag.

(Islam, obsolete) wetting with a specific wash


saklit

(fishing) small drag seine or push net (used to catch shrimp or other shore and bottom-dwelling fish)

(fishing) act of catching shrimp or fish with such a net


kura paroko

tl-noun

kura paroko or kura párokó (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇ ᜉᜇᜓᜃᜓ)

kura paroko (canonical)
kura párokó (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇ ᜉᜇᜓᜃᜓ (Baybayin)
kura-paroko (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish cura párroco. By surface analysis, kura + paroko.


kardenal

kardenál (canonical)
ᜃᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜈᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish cardenal (“cardinal”).


tagumpay

tagumpáy (canonical)
ᜆᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

[t̪ɐ.ɣʊmˈpaɪ̯]

Possibly composed of tag- (“time of”) and humpay (“stop; pause”). Compare Kapampangan tagumpe.

(music, historical) traditional victory song (to commemorate a battle won or to honor victors)


tulaga

[t̪ʊ.lɐˈɣaʔ]


sakong

(clothing) heel (part of a stocking, sock, etc. under the heel)


buslo

(basketball) shot (throwing the basketball to the hoop)


talingdaw

talingdáw (canonical)
ᜆᜎᜒᜅ᜔ᜇᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)
talingdao (alternative)
talindaw (alternative)

[t̪ɐ.lɪn̪ˈd̪aʊ̯]

(literature, music) ancient, dramatic boat song (sung during certain domestic activities)


sulyang

(fishing) large cylindrical bamboo fish pot placed in collecting pound or cribs of deep-water fish corrals (set with the wider opening of the funnel uppermost, to catch fish diving from the surface)


tawtaw

[t̪aʊ̯ˈt̪aʊ̯]

(fishing) act of jerking a fishing rod gently up and down

(by extension, fishing) fishing rod; fishing pole made from either a single piece of bamboo or carbon fiber usually without the reel & guides


talinghaga

talinghagà (canonical)
ᜆᜎᜒᜅ᜔ᜑᜄ (Baybayin)

[t̪ɐ.lɪŋˈhaː.ɣɐʔ]

Itinuturo sa atin ni Jesus ang pangangalaga ng Diyos sa pamamagitan ng maraming talinghaga. Siya'y gumamit ng mga bagay na nakikita sa mundo sa mga talinghaga dahil ang kahariang espirituwal ay hindi mauunawaan sa pamamagitan [...]

2016, Dr. Jaerock Lee, Ang Mensahe ng Krus : The Message of the Cross (Tagalog Edition), UrimBooks, →ISBN:

Sinaysay niya sa kanila ang ibang talinghaga, na sinasabi, Ang kaharian ng langit ay tulad sa isang butil ng binhi ng mostasa, na kinuha ng isang tao, at inihasik sa kaniyang bukid: Na siya ngang lalong maliit sa lahat ng mga binhi; [...]

2017, TruthBeTold Ministry, English Tagalog Bible No3: Geneva 1560 - Ang Biblia 1905, TruthBeTold Ministry (PublishDrive)

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


kerubin

[kɛ.ɾʊˈbɪn̪]

Borrowed from Spanish querubín, from Latin cherubim, from Ancient Greek χερούβ (kheroúb), from Hebrew כְּרוּב (k'rúv).

2010, Philippine Bible Society, Bible: Tagalog Popular Version, Genesis 3:24

And God placed guards of cherubim in the east part of the garden of Eden...

At sa dakong silangan ng halamanan ng Eden ay naglagay ang Diyos ng bantay na kerubin...


San Pedro

tl-proper noun

San Pedro (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔ ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜇᜓ)


kumintang

kumintáng (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)

ancient battle or conquest songs of Kumintang warriors

(music) a type of song and music
a type of matrimonial ballad

a type of doleful wedding ditty (in verse sung by men during nuptial ceremonies)

amorous song and music with guitar accompaniment

(music) a type of song and music
a type of kundiman

stylistic chant set to the verses of Florante at Laura


patok

(horse racing, slang) certainty or sure winner in a horse race


lipya

tl-noun

lipyâ or lipyà (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜉ᜔ᜌ)

lipyâ (canonical)
lipyà (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜉ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
lipia (alternative)

Borrowed from Hokkien 犁壁 (lê-piah, “moldboard”, literally “plow wall”) as per Manuel (1948).


hasang

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hasaŋ. Compare Bikol Central asang, Cebuano hasang, Ilocano asang, Kiput iëŋ, Malay insang, and Yami arang.

inh+

(music) tool covering the hole of wind instruments


kalaykay

From Proto-Philippine *kaykáy, from *kaykáy. Compare Ilocano karaykay, Ibanag karekay, and Kapampangan kaleke. Possibly composed of kaykay + *-al-.


hulog

ᜑᜓᜎᜓᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)
holog (alternative)
olog (alternative)
ulog (alternative uncommon)

From Proto-Philippine *huluʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *huluʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *Suluʀ (“to lower, let down, as on a rope”). Compare Paiwan surur (“a taut-stretched line”), Ilocano ulog (“to descend, go down”), Bikol Central hulog, Cebuano hulog, Tausug hulug, Malay hulur (“letting go, slacking or paying out (a line)”), and Manggarai ulur (“to lower, let oneself down”).

cog

(fishing) number of casts with a fishing net

(baking) amount of butter used (per pastry of cakes, waffles, etc.)

(baking) number of pastries thus made with a certain amount of butter (of cakes, waffles, etc.)


rebelasyon

tl-noun

rebelasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜊᜒᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

rebelasyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜊᜒᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

(photography) development of film or print


diktador

diktadór (feminine diktadora, Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜆᜇᜓᜇ᜔)

diktadór (canonical)
diktadora (feminine)
ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜆᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish dictador, from Latin dictatorem.


tiyempo

Borrowed from Spanish tiempo, from Latin tempus.


bangsi

bangsî (canonical)
ᜊᜅ᜔ᜐᜒ (Baybayin)
bansi (alternative)

Borrowed from Malay bangsi, ultimately from Sanskrit वंशी (vaṃśī, “pipe; flute”).

(music) native flute (made of reed or rice stalk)


gradweyt

tl-adj

gradweyt (Baybayin spelling ᜄ᜔ᜇᜇ᜔ᜏᜒᜌ᜔ᜆ᜔)

ᜄ᜔ᜇᜇ᜔ᜏᜒᜌ᜔ᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
gradwet (alternative)

Borrowed from English graduate. The basketball slang is a pun on the sixth grade of the Philippine elementary education system and the six fouls for a player to be removed from the game.


saliw

tl-noun

saliw or salíw (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎᜒᜏ᜔)

saliw (canonical)
salíw (canonical)
ᜐᜎᜒᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)


kaladkad

kaladkád (canonical)
ᜃᜎᜇ᜔ᜃᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
kalarkar (alternative)


kabanata

kabanatà (canonical)
ᜃᜊᜈᜆ (Baybayin)
cabanata (alternative)

Possibly from ka- + banata (“measure of the length of the fence to be cut; divisions of fish corrals”).


heke

Borrowed from Spanish jeque. Doublet of siyak.


suyod

ᜐᜓᜌᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
soyor (alternative)
suyor (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sujud (“fine-toothed lice comb”), possibly borrowed via an intermediary language or existed as *sulod with elision of /l/ becoming /j/ instead of /w/ or /ʔ/. Compare Bikol Central surod, Dupaningan Agta surod, and Molbog surud.

der

(agriculture) harrowing of a plowed or cultivated field


bahista

Borrowed from Spanish bajista. By surface analysis, baha + -ista. Doublet of basista.


katib

katíb (canonical)
ᜃᜆᜒᜊ᜔ (Baybayin)
khatib (alternative)
khateeb (alternative)

khatib (person who delivers the khutbah)


tambuli

Compare Cebuano tambuli and Maguindanao tambuli.


konsiyerto

tl-noun

konsiyerto (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜒᜇ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜒᜇ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)
konsyerto (alternative)
kunsyerto (alternative)
kunsiyerto (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish concierto. Doublet of kunsirto.

(music) concert (a musical entertainment in which several voices or instruments take part)


kuwerdas

ᜃᜓᜏᜒᜇ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
kwerdas (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish cuerdas, plural of cuerda, from Latin chorda, from Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ, “string of gut, cord”). Compare Cebuano kuldas.


pante

panté (canonical)
ᜉᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
panti (alternative)


kompositor

tl-noun

kompositór (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜐᜒᜆᜓᜇ᜔)

kompositór (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜐᜒᜆᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


mananayaw

From man- + sayaw, with initial reduplication of sayaw.


dilaan

tl-verb

dilaan (complete dinilaan, progressive dinidilaan, contemplative didilaan, Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜎᜀᜈ᜔)

dinilaan (completive)
dinidilaan (progressive)
didilaan (contemplative)
ᜇᜒᜎᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
la
dilaan (infinitive objective)
dinilaan (objective)
dinidilaan (objective progressive)
inadilaan (dialectal objective progressive)
didilaan (objective)
adilaan (dialectal objective)
dilai (dialectal imperative objective)

tl-infl-in-an

dilaan

dilaan

[d̪ɪˈlaː.ʔɐn̪]

(music) to provide a reed on (a woodwind instrument)


talik

(dance) airy, rhythmic movement of the hand, usually with the flicking of fingers (in folk dance with the accompaniment of music)


sagutan

[ˌsaːˈɣuː.t̪ɐn̪]


bisti

bistí (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
besti (alternative)
biste (alternative)

(ecclesiastical, obsolete) vestment (robe worn by members of the clergy)

(ecclesiastical, obsolete) helping in dressing the priest for celebrations


Eba

Borrowed from Spanish Eva, from Latin Ēva, from Hebrew חַוָּה (ḥawwā). Doublet of Hawa.


silbi

silbí (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜎ᜔ᜊᜒ (Baybayin)
silbe (alternative colloquial)

Early borrowing from Spanish servir. Compare Pangasinan serbi and Bikol Central serbi. Doublet of serbi.


segundahan

tl-verb

segundahán or segúndahán (complete sinegundahan, progressive sinesegundahan, contemplative sesegundahan, Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜄᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜑᜈ᜔)

segundahán (canonical)
segúndahán (canonical)
sinegundahan (completive)
sinesegundahan (progressive)
sesegundahan (contemplative)
ᜐᜒᜄᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
segunda
segundahan (infinitive objective)
sinegundahan (objective)
sinesegundahan (objective progressive)
inasegundahan (dialectal objective progressive)
sesegundahan (objective)
asegundahan (dialectal objective)
segundahi (dialectal imperative objective)

segundahan

[ˌsɛː.ɣʊn̪ˈd̪aː.hɐn̪]

(music) to accompany by singing the second voice


1 Mga Hari

tl-proper noun

1 Mga Harì (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜈᜅ᜔ ᜋᜅ ᜑᜇᜒ)

1 Mga Harì (canonical)
ᜂᜈᜅ᜔ ᜋᜅ ᜑᜇᜒ (Baybayin)

[ˌʔuː.n̪ɐŋ mɐˌŋa ˈhaː.ɾɪʔ]


2 Mga Hari

2 Mga Harì (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜎᜏᜅ᜔ ᜋᜅ ᜑᜇᜒ)

2 Mga Harì (canonical)
ᜁᜃᜎᜏᜅ᜔ ᜋᜅ ᜑᜇᜒ (Baybayin)

[ʔɪ.xɐ.lɐˌwaŋ mɐˌŋa ˈhaː.ɾɪʔ]


sugapa

[sʊˈɣaː.pɐʔ]

(fishing) small net tied to two short poles (usually with a long handle)


kudyapi

kudyapî (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜉᜒ (Baybayin)
codyapi (alternative)
coryapi (alternative)
cudyiapi (alternative)
kudiyapi (alternative)
kuryapi (alternative)

[kʊ.d͡ʒɐˈpɪʔ]

[kʊˈd͡ʒaː.pɪʔ]

Ultimately from Sanskrit कच्छप (kacchapa, “tortoise”). Compare Ilocano kudiapi, Central Subanen kutapi', Maranao kotiyapi' (“banjo”), Sundanese kacapi (“zither”), Balinese ᬓᬘᬧᬶ (kacapi), Javanese ꦏꦼꦕꦥꦶ (kecapi), Malay kecapi (“four-stringed lute”), and Sanskrit कच्छपी (kacchapī, “lute”).


puntod

puntód (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
pongtor (alternative)
pungtod (alternative obsolete)
pungtor (alternative obsolete)
puntor (alternative)

Compare Cebuano bungtod /puntod and Hiligaynon bungsod /buntud.


Karunungan

[kɐ.ɾʊˈn̪uː.ŋɐn̪]

From karunungan.
The surname is a respelling of Carunungan under the abakada alphabet.


Maylikha

Maylikhâ (canonical)
ᜋᜌ᜔ᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜑ (Baybayin)


pikolo

Borrowed from Spanish pícolo, from Italian piccolo.


itsa

Borrowed from Spanish echar (“to throw”), from Late Latin iectāre, from Latin iactāre. See also dyet.


Kaban ng Tipan

tl-proper noun

Kabán ng Tipán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜊᜈ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜉᜈ᜔)

Kabán ng Tipán (canonical)
ᜃᜊᜈ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜉᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) Ark of the Covenant


antipona

antíponá (canonical)
ᜀᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜉᜓᜈ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish antífona, from Medieval Latin antiphōna, from Ancient Greek ἀντίφωνα (antíphōna, “verse response”). Doublet of antem.


salakab

(fishing) basket-shaped fish trap made of split bamboo, wider at the bottom than the top (usually for catching mudfish in shallow water)


tambak

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tambak. Compare Javanese ꦠꦩ꧀ꦧꦏ꧀ (tambak, “dyke”), Malay tambak (“embankment”), and Maranao tambak (“rampart”).

(sports, colloquial) on a substantial point disadvantage against an opponent


mag-espadahan

tl-verb

mag-espadahán (complete nag-espadahan, progressive nag-eespadahan, contemplative mag-eespadahan, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄ᜔ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔)

mag-espadahán (canonical)
nag-espadahan (completive)
nag-eespadahan (progressive)
mag-eespadahan (contemplative)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
mag-
ᜋᜄ᜔
espadahan
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔
actor
mag-espadahan (infinitive)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔ (infinitive)
nag-espadahan
ᜈᜄ᜔ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔
nag-eespadahan (progressive)
ᜈᜄ᜔ᜁᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔ (progressive)
nagaespadahan (dialectal progressive)
ᜈᜄᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔ (progressive)
mag-eespadahan
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜁᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔
magaespadahan (dialectal)
ᜋᜄᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔
gaespadahan (dialectal)
ᜄᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔
kaeespadahan (formal)
ᜃᜁᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔ (formal)
kapag-eespadahan (formal)
ᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜁᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔ (formal)
kakaespadahan (informal)
ᜃᜃᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔ (informal)
kakapag-espadahan (informal)
ᜃᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔ (informal)
kapapag-espadahan (informal)
ᜃᜉᜉᜄ᜔ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔ (informal)
mag-espadahan (dialectal imperative)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔ (imperative)

tl-infl-mag

mag-espadahan

tl-infl-table

mag-espadahan

nag-eespadahan / ᜈᜄ᜔ᜁᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔
nagaespadahan¹ / ᜈᜄᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔

mag-eespadahan / ᜋᜄ᜔ᜁᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔
magaespadahan¹ / ᜋᜄᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔
gaespadahan¹ / ᜄᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔

kaeespadahan / ᜃᜁᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔
kapag-eespadahan / ᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜁᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔

kakaespadahan / ᜃᜃᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔
kakapag-espadahan / ᜃᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔
kapapag-espadahan / ᜃᜉᜉᜄ᜔ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜑᜈ᜔

(slang, sex) to engage in frottage, usually between two males


plawta

ᜉ᜔ᜎᜏ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)
plauta (alternative dated)

Borrowed from Spanish flauta, from Occitan and Old Occitan flaut.


indayog

[ʔɪn̪ˈd̪aː.joɡ̚]


pangadyi

pangadyî (canonical)
ᜉᜅᜇ᜔ᜌᜒ (Baybayin)
pang̃aryi (alternative)

[pɐ.ŋɐˈd͡ʒɪʔ]

[pɐ.ŋɐd̪ˈjɪʔ]

From pang- + *adyi or *kadyi. According to Fr. San Buena Ventura (1613), the word is from Brunei.
Possible etymological theories of the root are:
* According to Blust, ultimately from Javanese ꦲꦗꦶ (aji, “magic formula; amulet”), likely through Malay aji (“wisdom; mantra”). See also Old Javanese aji (“holy writ; scriptures; sacred text; authoritative text”).
* From Malay kaji (“lesson; study”), with the root ultimately from Arabic حَجِّي (ḥajjī, “pilgrim to Mecca”). See also haj.
Compare Kapampangan pangadi, Bikol Central pangadyi, Cebuano pangadyi, Hiligaynon pangadi, Maranao pangadi', Tausug pangadji', Javanese ꦔꦗꦶ (ngaji), and Malay pengajian.

der

(Islam) a Muslim prayer recited by a Muslim cleric called sheik


grumadweyt

tl-verb

grumadweyt (complete grumadweyt, progressive gumagradweyt, contemplative gagradweyt, 1st actor trigger, Baybayin spelling ᜄ᜔ᜇᜓᜋᜇ᜔ᜏᜒᜌ᜔ᜆ᜔)

grumadweyt (completive)
gumagradweyt (progressive)
gagradweyt (contemplative)
ᜄ᜔ᜇᜓᜋᜇ᜔ᜏᜒᜌ᜔ᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
gradweyt
actor
gumradweyt (alternative)


sapok

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sa(m)puk. Compare Bikol Central sampok and Malay sampok.

(boxing) uppercut (upward blow with one's fist)


tumbok

tumbók (canonical)
ᜆᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
tomboc (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumbuk (“punch; hit”) (cf. Malay tumbuk).


tumbok

(billiards, pool) act of striking a ball or cue piece with the cue


magbubukid

tl-noun

magbubukíd (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄ᜔ᜊᜓᜊᜓᜃᜒᜇ᜔)

magbubukíd (canonical)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜊᜓᜊᜓᜃᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
magbubukir (alternative)

From mag- + bukid, from an initial reduplication of bukid.


kumpas

kumpás (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
cumpas (alternative)
kompas (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish compás, from Medieval Latin compassus (“circle, circuit”). Doublet of kompas.

der

Hindi siya makasabay sa pag-awit sapagkat mabilis ang kumpas ng kanta.

She cannot keep up with singing because the beat of the song is fast.

(music) conductor's beat in music with a baton or one's hand


kabayong pangarera

tl-noun

kabayong pangarera (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜊᜌᜓᜅ᜔ ᜉᜅᜇᜒᜇ)

ᜃᜊᜌᜓᜅ᜔ ᜉᜅᜇᜒᜇ (Baybayin)

[kɐˌbaː.jom pɐ.ŋɐˈɾɛː.ɾɐ]


aysing

ᜀᜌ᜔ᜐᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
aising (alternative dated)

icing (sweet glaze used for baked goods)


biyolon

biyolón (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜌᜓᜎᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
biolon (alternative)
byolon (alternative)
byulon (alternative)


Bagong Tipan

tl-proper noun

ang Bagong Tipán (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜄᜓᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜉᜈ᜔)

ang Bagong Tipán (canonical)
ᜊᜄᜓᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜉᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


Lumang Tipan

ang Lumang Tipán (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜋᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜉᜈ᜔)

ang Lumang Tipán (canonical)
ᜎᜓᜋᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜉᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


propesyon

tl-noun

propesyón (Baybayin spelling ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

propesyón (canonical)
ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


arsobispado

arsobispado (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇ᜔ᜐᜓᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜓ)

ᜀᜇ᜔ᜐᜓᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish arzobispado (“archbishopric”). By surface analysis, arsobispo + -ado.

bor+

archbishopric (the rank or office of an archbishop)

archbishopric (jurisdiction of an archbishop)


putbol

ᜉᜓᜆ᜔ᜊᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
futbol (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish fútbol or ultimately from English football.


1 Cronica

tl-proper noun

1 Crónicá (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜈᜅ᜔ ᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜈᜒᜃ)

1 Crónicá (canonical)
ᜂᜈᜅ᜔ ᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜈᜒᜃ (Baybayin)

[ˌʔuː.n̪ɐŋ ˌkɾoː.n̪ɪˈxa]


kondisyoner

tl-noun

kondísyonér (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜒᜇ᜔)

kondísyonér (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

(sports) conditioner (someone who trains athletes)


kotilyon

kotilyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜆᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


hango

hangò (canonical)
ᜑᜅᜓ (Baybayin)
hang̃o (alternative)

(cooking) removal of cooked food from the fire or stove

(cooking) quantity of food cooked at a time (especially of cakes)


hango

hangô (canonical)
ᜑᜅᜓ (Baybayin)
hang̃o (alternative)

(cooking) removed from the fire or stove (of cooked food)


akompanya

akompanyá or akompanya (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜌ)

akompanyá (canonical)
akompanya (canonical)
ᜀᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
akompaniya (alternative)
akumpanya (alternative)


armonika

armóniká (canonical)
ᜀᜇ᜔ᜋᜓᜈᜒᜃ (Baybayin)
harmonika (alternative)

[ʔɐɾˌmoː.n̪ɪˈxa]

Borrowed from Spanish armónica, from English harmonica.


alguwasil

alguwasíl (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎ᜔ᜄᜓᜏᜐᜒᜎ᜔)

alguwasíl (canonical)
ᜀᜎ᜔ᜄᜓᜏᜐᜒᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
algwasil (alternative)
aguwasil (alternative)
agwasil (alternative)
agusil (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish alguacil, from Andalusian Arabic الوَزِير (al-wazīr), from Arabic وَزِير (wazīr, “minister”).

(bullfighting) alguazil (official who maintains order during a bullfight)


meskita

Borrowed from Spanish mezquita. Doublet of moske.


biray

(fishing) large dragnet or beach seine (operated by a bangka for fishing)


daplis

daplís (canonical)
ᜇᜉ᜔ᜎᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
raplis (alternative)

(fishing) triangular drive-in net (designed like a push net but without runners)


diyudo

ᜇᜒᜌᜓᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
dyudo (alternative)
judo (alternative)

Borrowed from English judo, from Japanese 柔道(じゅうどう) (jūdō, “judo”). Doublet of hudo.

ja-r

柔道(じゅうどう) (jūdō, “judo”)


ispageti

ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜄᜒᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
espagete (alternative colloquial)
spageti (alternative)

[ʔɪs.pɐˈɣɛː.t̪ɪ]

Borrowed from English spaghetti, from Italian spaghetti, plural of spaghetto. The dance move was popularized by SexBomb Girls who released The Spageti Song in 2003.

(dance) dance move in which the dancer would twirl down then up while pointing the index finger up with elbows bent


intermisyon

tl-noun

intermisyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜇ᜔ᜋᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

intermisyón (canonical)
ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜇ᜔ᜋᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɪn̪.t̪ɛɾ.mɪˈʃon̪]


orkesta

Borrowed from Spanish orquesta, from Latin orchēstra, from Ancient Greek ὀρχήστρᾱ (orkhḗstrā). Doublet of orkestra.


organiko

orgánikó (canonical)
ᜂᜇ᜔ᜄᜈᜒᜃᜓ (Baybayin)

[ʔoɾˌɡaː.n̪ɪˈxo]

(agriculture) organic (grown without agrochemicals)


oktaba

ᜂᜃ᜔ᜆᜊ (Baybayin)
utaba (alternative colloquial)

Borrowed from Spanish octava, from Latin octāvus (“eighth”). As for the sense of “postponement”, according to Panganiban (1973), at least two old folk informers affirm that during their younger years, a postponement in utaba meant “the same day next week” which would be the eighth day.


mag-ulay

tl-verb

mag-uláy (complete nag-ulay, progressive nag-uulay, contemplative mag-uulay, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄ᜔ᜂᜎᜌ᜔)

mag-uláy (canonical)
nag-ulay (completive)
nag-uulay (progressive)
mag-uulay (contemplative)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜂᜎᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
mag-
ᜋᜄ᜔
ulay
ᜂᜎᜌ᜔
actor
mag-ulay (infinitive)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜂᜎᜌ᜔ (infinitive)
nag-ulay
ᜈᜄ᜔ᜂᜎᜌ᜔
nag-uulay (progressive)
ᜈᜄ᜔ᜂᜂᜎᜌ᜔ (progressive)
nagaulay (dialectal progressive)
ᜈᜄᜂᜎᜌ᜔ (progressive)
mag-uulay
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜂᜂᜎᜌ᜔
magaulay (dialectal)
ᜋᜄᜂᜎᜌ᜔
gaulay (dialectal)
ᜄᜂᜎᜌ᜔
kauulay (formal)
ᜃᜂᜂᜎᜌ᜔ (formal)
kapag-uulay (formal)
ᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜂᜂᜎᜌ᜔ (formal)
kakaulay (informal)
ᜃᜃᜂᜎᜌ᜔ (informal)
kakapag-ulay (informal)
ᜃᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜂᜎᜌ᜔ (informal)
kapapag-ulay (informal)
ᜃᜉᜉᜄ᜔ᜂᜎᜌ᜔ (informal)
mag-ulay (dialectal imperative)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜂᜎᜌ᜔ (imperative)

tl-infl-table

mag-ulay

mag-uulay / ᜋᜄ᜔ᜂᜂᜎᜌ᜔
magaulay¹ / ᜋᜄᜂᜎᜌ᜔
gaulay¹ / ᜄᜂᜎᜌ᜔

kauulay / ᜃᜂᜂᜎᜌ᜔
kapag-uulay / ᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜂᜂᜎᜌ᜔

kakaulay / ᜃᜃᜂᜎᜌ᜔
kakapag-ulay / ᜃᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜂᜎᜌ᜔
kapapag-ulay / ᜃᜉᜉᜄ᜔ᜂᜎᜌ᜔

[mɐɡ.ʔʊˈlaɪ̯]

(agriculture) to cover young plants to stimulate growth


sopbol

Borrowed from English softball. Compare Spanish sófbol.


tagpo

From Proto-Central Philippine *tagbuʔ (“to meet”). Compare Hanunoo tagbo, Bikol Central tagbo, Aklanon tabo, Cebuano tagbo, Hiligaynon tagbo, and Waray-Waray tagpo.


siyak

siyák (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜌᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
siac (alternative)

Borrowed from Brunei Malay syeikh, from Arabic شَيْخ (šayḵ). Compare Kapampangan siak, Tausug sī, and Indonesian syekh. Doublet of heke.


kontrabida

tl-noun

kontrabida (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜊᜒᜇ)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜊᜒᜇ (Baybayin)

From Philippine Spanish contravida. By surface analysis, kontra + bida.


tiririt

[t̪ɪ.ɾɪˈɾɪt̪̚]

(sports, billiards, pool) bridge (used to support a player's cue for extended or tedious shots)


palaruan

[ˌpaː.lɐˈɾuː.ʔɐn̪]


balagbag

From Proto-Philippine *bala(ʀ)báʀ. Compare Bikol Central balagbag, Aklanon baeabag, Cebuano balabag, and Maranao balabag.

(agriculture) crosswise plowing of the field


positibo

(photography) positive (of a visual image, true to the original in light, shade and color value)


sangkutsa

sangkutsá (canonical)
ᜐᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜆ᜔ᜐ (Baybayin)
sangkutya (alternative)

Either borrowed from Spanish salcochar (“to cook in salted water”), from sal (“salt”) + cocho (archaic past participle of Old Spanish cozer (“to cook”)), or from Spanish sancochar (“to parboil”).

compound

archaic past participle of Old Spanish <i class="Latn mention" lang="osp">cozer</i> (“to cook”)

act of frying or sautéing until partially cooked (especially in a little fat before adding the broth)


palakpak

palakpák (canonical)
ᜉᜎᜃ᜔ᜉᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
palacpac (alternative)

Probably related to pakpak, pagakpak, and a fossilized infix *-al-. The fossilized -*al- infix is possibly related to Malay -el- infix.

(music) ratchet; rattle for scaring birds


tumbang preso

tl-noun

tumbáng preso (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜅ᜔ ᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜐᜓ)

tumbáng preso (canonical)
ᜆᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜅ᜔ ᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜐᜓ (Baybayin)

From tumba + -ng + preso, literally “fallen prisoner”.

compound

(games, sports) tumbang preso (traditional Filipino children's game involving throwing a slipper or shoe to hit a can or bottle)


lubi-lubi

lubí-lubí (canonical)
ᜎᜓᜊᜒᜎᜓᜊᜒ (Baybayin)

[lʊˌbɪ lʊˈbɪ]

Possibly from Cebuano lubilubi or another Visayan language (cf. Cebuano lubi (“coconut”)).

(music) a Waray folk song used as a mnemonic for the months of the year


birit

[ˈbiː.ɾɪt̪̚]

(music) belting out songs with maximum range and vocal power


moro-moro

(theater) a play or comedy which showcases the bravery of Muslims against Christians


mansigit

ᜋᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜄᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
mansiguir (alternative)
mansiguit (alternative)
mansigid (alternative)

[mɐn̪ˈsiː.ɣɪt̪̚]

Ultimately from Arabic مَسْجِد (masjid), possibly via Ta'izzi-Adeni (southern Yemeni) Arabic (noting retention of older *g) and then Maranao masgit. Compare Maguindanao mesjid, Sundanese masigit, and Malay masjid. Doublet of masjid and meskita.


Pagdiriwang ng Sakripisyong Alay

tl-proper noun

Pagdiriwang ng Sakripisyong Alay (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜏᜅ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜐᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜅ᜔ ᜀᜎᜌ᜔)

ᜉᜄ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜏᜅ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜐᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜅ᜔ ᜀᜎᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

[pɐɡ.d̪ɪˌɾiː.wɐŋ n̪ɐn̪ sɐk.ɾɪˌpiː.ʃoŋ ˈʔaː.laɪ̯]

[pɐɡ.d̪ɪˌɾiː.wɐŋ n̪ɐn̪ sɐk.ɾɪˌpis.joŋ ˈʔaː.laɪ̯]

Calque of Arabic عِيد اَلْأَضْحَى (ʕīd al-ʔaḍḥā, “Feast of the Sacrifice”).

calque

عِيد اَلْأَضْحَى


Hariraya Puasa

tl-proper noun

Hariraya Puasa (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜇᜒᜇᜌ ᜉᜓᜏᜐ)

Borrowed from Malay Hari Raya Puasa. Compare Tausug Haylaya Puasa. Doublet of halilaya.

Eid al-Fitr (feast celebrated after the end of Ramadan)


halilaya

Borrowed from Malay hari raya (“holiday; festival; Eid”). In Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, it was defined as “a particular fast”, but Potet (2013) thinks that it refers not to a fast, but Eid al-Fitr which ends the Ramadan fast. Compare Tausug Haylaya. Doublet of Hariraya Puasa.


Amun Jadid

tl-proper noun

Amún Jadíd or Amun Jadíd (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜋᜓᜈ᜔ ᜇ᜔ᜌᜇᜒᜇ᜔)

Amún Jadíd (canonical)
Amun Jadíd (canonical)
ᜀᜋᜓᜈ᜔ ᜇ᜔ᜌᜇᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
Amun Jadeed (alternative)

[ʔɐˌmun̪ d͡ʒɐˈd̪ɪd̪̚]

[ʔɐˌmun̪ d̪jɐˈd̪ɪd̪̚]

[ˌʔaː.mʊn̪ d͡ʒɐˈd̪ɪd̪̚]

[ˌʔaː.mʊn̪ d̪jɐˈd̪ɪd̪̚]

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic عَامٌ جَدِيد (ʕāmun jadīd, “New Year”).

ubor

عَامٌ جَدِيد

(Islam) Islamic New Year; Al Hijrah, a holiday in Mindanao


Moriones

ᜋᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish morriones, plural of morrión.

(theater) a lenten festival held annually on Holy Week on the island of Marinduque, Philippines that re-enacts the story of Saint Longinus


Maulidan-Nabi

tl-proper noun

Maulidan-Nabí (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜏ᜔ᜎᜒᜇᜈ᜔ᜈᜊᜒ)

Maulidan-Nabí (canonical)
ᜋᜏ᜔ᜎᜒᜇᜈ᜔ᜈᜊᜒ (Baybayin)

[maʊ̯ˌliː.d̪ɐn̪ n̪ɐˈbɪ]

From Arabic مَوْلِد النَّبَوِيّ (mawlid an-nabawiyy, “Birth of the Prophet”). Compare Malay Maulud Nabi or Maulidur Rasul.

der

مَوْلِد النَّبَوِيّ

(Islam) Mawlid, a celebration of the birth of Muhammad


lakaya

Compare kaya (“any hunting instrument”).

(fishing, obsolete) act of fishing or angling

(fishing) a type of net made of cloth or coarse abaca commonly used for capturing small fishes


tambol-mayor

tl-noun

tamból-mayór (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜎ᜔ᜋᜌᜓᜇ᜔)

tamból-mayór (canonical)
ᜆᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜎ᜔ᜋᜌᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish tambor mayor (“drum major”).


koponan

koponán (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜉᜓᜈᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
kupunan (alternative)

From kopon + -an. According to UP Diksiyonaryong Filipino (2001), an alternate etymology is Spanish copo + -han + -an.


baylarina

ᜊᜌ᜔ᜎᜇᜒᜈ (Baybayin)
bailarina (alternative dated)
bailerina (alternative)
baylerina (alternative)
belarina (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish bailarina, feminine equivalent of bailarín.


karilyo

Borrowed from Spanish carrillo (“cheek”). Also possibly from Spanish carilla (“little face”), from cara.


karilyon

tl-noun

karilyón or karilyon (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜇᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

karilyón (canonical)
karilyon (canonical)
ᜃᜇᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


esenaryo

ᜁᜐᜒᜈᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)
senaryo (alternative)


barbikyu

barbikyú or bárbikyú (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜇ᜔ᜊᜒᜃ᜔ᜌᜓ)

barbikyú (canonical)
bárbikyú (canonical)
ᜊᜇ᜔ᜊᜒᜃ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)
barbekyu (alternative)
barbikyo (alternative)

Borrowed from English barbecue, from Spanish barbacoa, from Taíno barbakoa (“framework of sticks”). Compare Cebuano barbekyu. Doublet of balbakwa.

barbecue (usually barbecued/grilled meat skewered on a stick)


2 Cronica

tl-proper noun

2 Crónicá (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜎᜏᜅ᜔ ᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜈᜒᜃ)

2 Crónicá (canonical)
ᜁᜃᜎᜏᜅ᜔ ᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜈᜒᜃ (Baybayin)


1 Tesalonica

1 Tesalónicá (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜈᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜐᜎᜓᜈᜒᜃ)

1 Tesalónicá (canonical)
ᜂᜈᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜐᜎᜓᜈᜒᜃ (Baybayin)
I Tesalonica (alternative)
1 Tesalonika (alternative)


2 Tesalonica

2 Tesalónicá (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜎᜏᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜐᜎᜓᜈᜒᜃ)

2 Tesalónicá (canonical)
ᜁᜃᜎᜏᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜐᜎᜓᜈᜒᜃ (Baybayin)
II Tesalonica (alternative)
2 Tesalonika (alternative)


budots

Borrowed from Cebuano budots (“slacker”).

bor+

electronic dance music
electronic dance music#English

(music) budots (a grassroots electronic dance music genre characterized by its heavy use of percussion, hypnotic bass, high-pitched whistle hooks, and organic noises)


otso-otso

tl-noun

otso-otso (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜂᜆ᜔ᜐᜓ)

ᜂᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜂᜆ᜔ᜐᜓ (Baybayin)
otso otso (alternative)
ocho ocho (alternative)

/ˌʔot͡ʃo ˈʔot͡ʃo/

[ˌʔoː.t͡ʃo ˈʔoː.t͡ʃo]

Reduplication of otso (“eight”). Popularized through the song of the same title by Bayani Agbayani in early 2000s.

a dance move which involves the dancer's hands around the knees and bouncing the back repeatedly up and down


palarindingan

palarindingan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜅᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜎᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜅᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
paladindingan (alternative)

[pɐ.lɐ.ɾɪn̪ˈd̪iː.ŋɐn̪]


pagsasadula

pagsasadulâ (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜐᜐᜇᜓᜎ)

pagsasadulâ (canonical)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜐᜐᜇᜓᜎ (Baybayin)

From pagsasa- + dula, or analytically pag- + *sadula, from sa- + dula, with initial reduplication.


diyona

ᜇᜒᜌᜓᜈ (Baybayin)
diona (alternative)
diyuna (alternative)

[ˈd͡ʒoː.n̪ɐ]

(music) folk song during weddings or drinking parties


pektus

ᜉᜒᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
pektos (alternative uncommon)


fotobam

fótobám (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜆᜓᜊᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)
potobam (alternative)


klasipikasyon

klasipikasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃ᜔ᜎᜐᜒᜉᜒᜃᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

klasipikasyón (canonical)
ᜃ᜔ᜎᜐᜒᜉᜒᜃᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish clasificación. By surface analysis, klasipika + -syon.


imno

ᜁᜋ᜔ᜈᜓ (Baybayin)
himno (alternative common)

Borrowed from Spanish himno, from Latin hymnus, from Ancient Greek ὕμνος (húmnos).


kasalanang mortal

kasalanang mortál (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜐᜎᜈᜅ᜔ ᜋᜓᜇ᜔ᜆᜎ᜔)

kasalanang mortál (canonical)
ᜃᜐᜎᜈᜅ᜔ ᜋᜓᜇ᜔ᜆᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

Coordinate term: kasalanang magaan

(Roman Catholicism, theology) mortal sin


pantomina

pántomína (canonical)
ᜉᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜋᜒᜈ (Baybayin)

Corruption of Spanish pantomima, from Latin pantomīmus, from Ancient Greek παντόμιμος (pantómimos).


ihsan

ihsán (canonical)
ᜁᜐᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
ehsan (alternative)

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic إِحْسَان (ʔiḥsān, “excellence; perfection; doing well”).

ubor

ihsan (act of doing good or being good as if God watches)


saynete

[saɪ̯ˈn̪ɛː.t̪ɛ]


kulpuralis

tl-noun

kulpuralis (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜉᜓᜇᜎᜒᜐ᜔)

ᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜉᜓᜇᜎᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
colporales (alternative)
colporalis (alternative)
kulpurales (alternative obsolete)

Early borrowing from Spanish corporales, plural of corporal, from Latin corporālis. Doublet of korporal.

Muha ka ng kulpuralis.

corporal (linen cloth on which the elements of the Eucharist are placed)


mano-mano

ᜋᜈᜓᜋᜈᜓ (Baybayin)
mano mano (alternative)

Reduplication of mano (“hand”), literally, “by hand”.

(martial arts) suntukan (Filipino martial art)


katser

[ˈkaː.t͡ʃɛɾ]


Mga Gawa

[mɐˌŋa ɣɐˈwaʔ]

Acts of the Apostles
Acts of the Apostles#English


kyutiks

ᜃ᜔ᜌᜓᜆᜒᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
kiyuteks (alternative)
kyuteks (alternative)

Borrowed from English cutex (“nail polish”, slang), a genericized trademark of Cutex.


pang-itaas

pang-itaás (canonical)
ᜉᜅ᜔ᜁᜆᜀᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

[pɐŋ.ʔɪ.t̪ɐˈʔas]

From pang- + itaas, literally “for the upper”.


pang-ibaba

pang-ibabâ (canonical)
ᜉᜅ᜔ᜁᜊᜊ (Baybayin)

From pang- + ibaba, literally “for the lower”.


Pinoy step

tl-noun

Pinóy step (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜈᜓᜌ᜔ ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜉ᜔)

Pinóy step (canonical)
ᜉᜒᜈᜓᜌ᜔ ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜉ᜔ (Baybayin)

[pɪˌn̪oɪ̯ ʔɪsˈt̪ɛp̚]


aklat-dasalan

aklát-dasalan (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃ᜔ᜎᜆ᜔ᜇᜐᜎᜈ᜔)

aklát-dasalan (canonical)
ᜀᜃ᜔ᜎᜆ᜔ᜇᜐᜎᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From aklat (“book”) + dasalan (“for prayers”).


dibidendaso

tl-noun

dibidendaso (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜊᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜐᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜊᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜐᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Philippine Spanish dividendazo, from dividendo (“dividend [of the bets]”) + -azo.

af

Nakakuha ka na ba ng dibidendaso para sa karera ng kabayo sa Linggo?

Were you able to get tips for the horse race this Sunday?

tips about the horses running in races, based on different statistics


kursilyo

ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜐᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish cursillo (“brief course”). By surface analysis, kurso + -ilyo.

bor+

a short course of study of Christianity for community leadership


pagsusuri ng budhi

tl-noun

pagsusurì ng budhî (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜐᜓᜐᜓᜇᜒ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜇ᜔ᜑᜒ)

pagsusurì ng budhî (canonical)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜐᜓᜐᜓᜇᜒ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜇ᜔ᜑᜒ (Baybayin)

[pɐɡ.sʊˌsuː.ɾɪʔ n̪ɐm bʊd̪ˈhɪʔ]

[pɐɡ.sʊˌsuː.ɾiː n̪ɐm bʊd̪ˈhɪʔ]

examination of conscience
examination of conscience


talikodgenic

tl-adj

talíkodgénic (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜎᜒᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜈᜒᜃ᜔)

talíkodgénic (canonical)
ᜆᜎᜒᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜈᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
talikodyenik (alternative)

[t̪ɐˌliː.xoˈd͡ʒɛː.n̪ɪk̚]


Magnipikat

tl-proper noun

Magnípikát (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄ᜔ᜈᜒᜉᜒᜃᜆ᜔)

Magnípikát (canonical)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜈᜒᜉᜒᜃᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Latin magnificat, the first word of the Latin version of the canticle.


San Andres

San Andrés (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔ ᜀᜈ᜔ᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔)

San Andrés (canonical)
ᜐᜈ᜔ ᜀᜈ᜔ᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ˌsan̪ ʔɐn̪ˈd̪ɾɛs]


puluntal

puluntál (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜎᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
polontal (alternative)

Early borrowing from Spanish frontal, from Medieval Latin frontālis (“frontal”), from Latin frōns.


pulupeta

pulupetá (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜎᜓᜉᜒᜆ (Baybayin)
polopeta (alternative)

Early borrowing from Spanish profeta, from Old Spanish propheta, from Latin prophēta, from Ancient Greek προφήτης (prophḗtēs, “spokesman, prophet”). Doublet of propeta.

der

wika ni Isaias pulupeta


baimbi

baimbî (canonical)
ᜊᜁᜋ᜔ᜊᜒ (Baybayin)
bembi (alternative)
bembe (alternative)

[bɐ.ʔɪmˈbɪʔ]


aqidah

ᜀᜃᜒᜇ (Baybayin)
akidah (alternative)
aqida (alternative)
aqeedah (alternative)

[ʔɐˈxiː.d̪ɐ]

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic عَقِيدَة (ʕaqīda, “belief; creed”).


Buling-Buling

tl-proper noun

Buling-Buling (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜎᜒᜅ᜔ᜊᜓᜎᜒᜅ᜔)

ᜊᜓᜎᜒᜅ᜔ᜊᜓᜎᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
bolingboling (alternative)
Bulingbuling (alternative)
bulingbuling (alternative)
buling-buling (alternative)

custom of throwing water on people (on the Nativity of Saint John the Baptist on April 24ᵗʰ)


Henesis

Hénesís or Henesis (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒᜈᜒᜐᜒᜐ᜔)

Hénesís (canonical)
Henesis (canonical)
ᜑᜒᜈᜒᜐᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
Genesis (alternative)

[ˌhɛː.n̪ɛˈsɪs]

Borrowed from Spanish Génesis, from Latin Genesis, a borrowing of Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis, “creation, beginning, origin”), to translate Biblical Hebrew בְּרֵאשִׁית (b'reishít). Doublet of ari, dati, hati, and yari.


siyurbol

ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜇ᜔ᜊᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
syurbol (alternative)

Borrowed from English sureball, usually said in relation to basketball games.


bangsing-tao

tl-noun

bangsíng-tao (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜅ᜔ᜐᜒᜅ᜔ᜆᜂ)

bangsíng-tao (canonical)
ᜊᜅ᜔ᜐᜒᜅ᜔ᜆᜂ (Baybayin)
bangsintauo (alternative)
bangsintawo (alternative obsolete)
bansintao (alternative)
bangsintao (alternative)
bansing-tao (alternative)

From bangsi (“native flute”) + tao (“people; person”).


limang haligi

tl-noun

limáng haligi (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜋᜅ᜔ ᜑᜎᜒᜄᜒ)

limáng haligi (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜋᜅ᜔ ᜑᜎᜒᜄᜒ (Baybayin)

Calque of Arabic أَرْكَانُ الْإِسْلَامِ الْخَمْسَة (ʔarkānu l-ʔislāmi l-ḵamsa, “five pillars of Islam”).

calque

أَرْكَانُ الْإِسْلَامِ الْخَمْسَة


tangluyan

tangluyán (canonical)
ᜆᜅ᜔ᜎᜓᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
tangloyan (alternative)

From tangloy (“hunting call to the dogs”) + -an.


tarawi

ᜆᜇᜏᜒ (Baybayin)
taraweeh (alternative)
tarawih (alternative)
tarawe (alternative)

[t̪ɐˈɾaː.wɪ]

Borrowed from Arabic تَرَاوِيح (tarāwīḥ). Compare Maranao tarawi, Tausug tarawi, and Malay tarawih.

bor+

tarawih (extra prayer performed by Sunni Muslims at night in the month of Ramadan)


dalanginan

[d̪ɐ.lɐˈŋiː.n̪ɐn̪]


modo menor

tl-noun

modo menór (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜇᜓ ᜋᜒᜈᜓᜇ᜔)

modo menór (canonical)
ᜋᜓᜇᜓ ᜋᜒᜈᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


modo mayor

modo mayór (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜇᜓ ᜋᜌᜓᜇ᜔)

modo mayór (canonical)
ᜋᜓᜇᜓ ᜋᜌᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


siyete pekados

siyete pekados (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜌᜒᜆᜒ ᜉᜒᜃᜇᜓᜐ᜔)

ᜐᜒᜌᜒᜆᜒ ᜉᜒᜃᜇᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Ellipsis of Spanish siete pecados capitales (literally “seven capital sins”).

bor

(fishing) a type of small net to catch fish


korida de toros

tl-noun

korida de toros (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇᜒᜇ ᜇᜒ ᜆᜓᜇᜓᜐ᜔)

ᜃᜓᜇᜒᜇ ᜇᜒ ᜆᜓᜇᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


tahajud

tahajúd (canonical)
ᜆᜑᜇ᜔ᜌᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
tahadyud (alternative)
tahajjud (alternative)
tahagyud (alternative)

[t̪ɐ.hɐˈd͡ʒud̪̚]

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic تَهَجُّد (tahajjud).


kutba

ᜃᜓᜆ᜔ᜊ (Baybayin)
khutba (alternative)
khutbah (alternative)

Borrowed from Arabic خُطْبَة (ḵuṭba). Compare Maranao hotba, Tausug hutba', and Indonesian khotbah.

khutbah (talk or sermon delivered in mosques before the Friday prayer)


Pambungad

From pambungad. Calque of Arabic الْفَاتِحَة (al-fātiḥa, “beginning; preface”). See also Arabic سُورَةُ الْفَاتِحَةِ (sūratu l-fātiḥati).

ncog

سُورَةُ الْفَاتِحَةِ

Fatiha (1st sura (chapter) of the Qur'an)


Angkan ni Imran

tl-proper noun

Angkán ni Imrán (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜅ᜔ᜃᜈ᜔ ᜈᜒ ᜁᜋ᜔ᜇᜈ᜔)

Angkán ni Imrán (canonical)
ᜀᜅ᜔ᜃᜈ᜔ ᜈᜒ ᜁᜋ᜔ᜇᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐŋˌkan̪ n̪ɪ ʔɪmˈɾan̪]

Calque of Arabic آل عِمْرَانَ (ʔāl ʕimrāna, “family of Imran”). See also Arabic سُورَةُ آلِ عِمْرَانَ (sūratu ʔāli ʕimrāna).

calque

آل عِمْرَانَ

ncog

سُورَةُ آلِ عِمْرَانَ

Amramites (3rd sura (chapter) of the Qur'an)


kastanyetas

tl-noun

kastanyetas (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜐ᜔ᜆᜈ᜔ᜌᜒᜆᜐ᜔)

ᜃᜐ᜔ᜆᜈ᜔ᜌᜒᜆᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
castanitas (alternative)
kastanyitas (alternative)
kastanietas (alternative obsolete)
kastanitas (alternative obsolete)

[kɐs.t̪ɐˈɲɛː.t̪ɐs]

Borrowed from Spanish castañetas, plural of castañeta. Doublet of kastanet.


kastanet

kástanét (canonical)
ᜃᜐ᜔ᜆᜈᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from English castanet, from Spanish castañetas, plural of castañeta. Doublet of kastanyetas.


sirimiyas

ᜐᜒᜇᜒᜋᜒᜌᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
sirimias (alternative obsolete)

Early borrowing of Spanish chirimías, plural of chirimía, from Old French chalemie.


kabutse

kabutsé (canonical)
ᜃᜊᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒ (Baybayin)
cabuche (alternative)

[kɐ.bʊˈt͡ʃɛ]

Clipping of Spanish sacabuche, with the clipped part possibly interpreted as preposition sa (“in; on; at”), ultimately from French sacqueboute.


meyk-ap

ᜋᜒᜌ᜔ᜃ᜔ᜀᜉ᜔ (Baybayin)
mek-ap (alternative)
mekap (alternative)
meykap (alternative)


ispeyr

ispéyr (canonical)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜒᜌ᜔ᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
ispeir (alternative dated)

Borrowed from English spare, from Middle English spare, spar, from Old English spær (“sparing, scant”).


kolyarin

kolyarín (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜌᜇᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
kulyarin (alternative)


aselgas

ᜀᜐᜒᜎ᜔ᜄᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
aselga (alternative)

[ʔɐˈsɛl.ɡɐs]

Borrowed from Spanish acelgas, plural of acelga, from Arabic السِّلْقَة (as-silqa).


naytgawn

ᜈᜌ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜄᜏ᜔ᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
naitgaun (alternative dated)
naytgaun (alternative dated)

[ˈn̪aɪ̯t̪.ɡaʊ̯n̪]


hamya

hamyâ (canonical)
ᜑᜋ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
hanya (alternative obsolete)

(agriculture, obsolete) rice that is spread out before storing


gintsam

gintsam or gintsám (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜐᜋ᜔)

gintsam (canonical)
gintsám (canonical)
ᜄᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜐᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ɡɪn̪ˈt͡ʃam]

From Hokkien, either:
* From 銀鏨 /银錾 (gîn-chām) according to Chan-Yap (1980)
* From 金 (kim, “gold”) + 攕 (chhiám) with the latter defined as “to chisel, perforate; pincher” according to Manuel (1948)

chisel used by goldsmiths for cutting large pieces or bars of gold


Kababaihan

From kababaihan. Calque of Arabic النِّسَاء (an-nisāʔ, “the women”). See also Arabic سُورَةُ النِّسَاءِ (sūratu n-nisāʔi).

ncog

سُورَةُ النِّسَاءِ


Hapag-Kainan

tl-proper noun

Hapág-Kainán (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜁᜈᜈ᜔)

Hapág-Kainán (canonical)
ᜑᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜁᜈᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From hapag-kainan. Calque of Arabic الْمَائِدَة (al-māʔida, “dining table”). See also Arabic سُورَةُ الْمَائِدَة (sūratu l-māʔida).

ncog

سُورَةُ الْمَائِدَة


polosirt

pólosírt (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜎᜓᜐᜒᜇ᜔ᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)


akompanyamyento

tl-noun

akompanyamyento (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜌᜋ᜔ᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜀᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜌᜋ᜔ᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)
akompanyamiento (alternative dated)
akompanimento (alternative)
akompanimyento (alternative)
akompaniyamiyento (alternative)
akompanyamiyento (alternative)
akompanyamento (alternative)


akompanyador

akompanyadór (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜌᜇᜓᜇ᜔)

akompanyadór (canonical)
ᜀᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜌᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


akompanista

akompanista (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜀᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English accompanist, influenced by Spanish -ista.


akompanyante

tl-noun

akompanyante (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ)

ᜀᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
akompaniyante (alternative)
akompaniyente (alternative)
akompanyente (alternative)


akorde

[ʔɐˈxoɾ.d̪ɛ]


Hayupan

From hayupan (“domestic animals”). Calque of Arabic الْأَنْعَام (al-ʔanʕām, “cattle; livestock”). See also Arabic سُورَةُ الْأَنْعَامِ (sūratu l-ʔanʕāmi).

ncog

سُورَةُ الْأَنْعَامِ

Al-An'am (6th sura (chapter) of the Qur'an)


adahiyo

adáhiyó (canonical)
ᜀᜇᜑᜒᜌᜓ (Baybayin)
adagio (alternative)
adahyo (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish adagio, from Italian adagio.


Adan at Eba

tl-proper noun

Adán at Eba (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜈ᜔ ᜀᜆ᜔ ᜁᜊ)

Adán at Eba (canonical)
ᜀᜇᜈ᜔ ᜀᜆ᜔ ᜁᜊ (Baybayin)
Adan at Eva (alternative)

[ʔɐˌd̪an̪ ʔɐt̪ ˈʔɛː.bɐ]


ganap na tono

tl-noun

ganáp na tono (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜈᜉ᜔ ᜈ ᜆᜓᜈᜓ)

ganáp na tono (canonical)
ᜄᜈᜉ᜔ ᜈ ᜆᜓᜈᜓ (Baybayin)


bawig

From Proto-Philippine *bawəʀ. Compare Ilocano baor, Aklanon bawog, and Malay bawar. Doublet of baway. See also Ilocano baweg.


Matandang Tipan

tl-proper noun

ang Matandáng Tipán (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜆᜈ᜔ᜇᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜉᜈ᜔)

ang Matandáng Tipán (canonical)
ᜋᜆᜈ᜔ᜇᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜉᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


likas-kayang pag-unlad

tl-adj

likás-kayang pag-unlád (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜃᜐ᜔ᜃᜌᜅ᜔ ᜉᜄ᜔ᜂᜈ᜔ᜎᜇ᜔)

likás-kayang pag-unlád (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜃᜐ᜔ᜃᜌᜅ᜔ ᜉᜄ᜔ᜂᜈ᜔ᜎᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

sustainable development
sustainable development


ikaapat na palarindingan

tl-noun

ikaapat na palarindingan (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜀᜉᜆ᜔ ᜈ ᜉᜎᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜅᜈ᜔)

ᜁᜃᜀᜉᜆ᜔ ᜈ ᜉᜎᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜅᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɪ.xɐˌʔaː.pɐt̪ n̪ɐ pɐ.lɐ.ɾɪn̪ˈd̪iː.ŋɐn̪]

Calque of English fourth wall, itself a calque of French quatrième mur.


iskeyting

iskeyting (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜃᜒᜌ᜔ᜆᜒᜅ᜔)

ᜁᜐ᜔ᜃᜒᜌ᜔ᜆᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
iskeiting (alternative dated)
isketing (alternative)

[ʔɪsˈkeɪ̯.t̪ɪŋ]


de-kuwerdas

tl-adj

de-kuwerdas (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜃᜓᜏᜒᜇ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔)

ᜇᜒᜃᜓᜏᜒᜇ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


awiting-bayan

tl-noun

awiting-bayan (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜏᜒᜆᜒᜅ᜔ᜊᜌᜈ᜔)

ᜀᜏᜒᜆᜒᜅ᜔ᜊᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


glab

Borrowed from English glove, from Middle English glove, glofe, from Old English glōf, *glōfe, *glōfa.

(baseball) baseball glove; baseball mitt


istrowk

istrówk (canonical)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓᜏ᜔ᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
istrok (alternative)

[ʔɪsˈt̪ɾoʊ̯k]

Borrowed from English stroke, from Middle English strok, stroke, from Old English strāc.

(tennis) stroke (hitting of a ball with a racket)

(swimming) stroke (movement of the arms and legs which propels a swimmer through the water)


midyum

Borrowed from English medium, from Latin medium. Doublet of medya, medyo, and midya.

(spiritualism) medium (someone who supposedly conveys information from the spirit world)


islayd

isláyd (canonical)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜎᜌ᜔ᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
islaid (alternative dated)

[ʔɪsˈlaɪ̯d̪]

Borrowed from English slide, from Middle English sliden, from Old English slīdan (“to slide”).

(photography) slide (transparent image for projecting)

(baseball) slide (dropping down and skidding into a base)


estokada

ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜓᜃᜇ (Baybayin)
istokada (alternative)
istukada (alternative)


huwego de-toro

huwego de-toro (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜓᜏᜒᜄᜓ ᜇᜒᜆᜓᜇᜓ)

ᜑᜓᜏᜒᜄᜓ ᜇᜒᜆᜓᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
huego-de-toro (alternative dated)
huwego-de-toro (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish juego de toros (“game of bulls”).


piyanista

Borrowed from Spanish pianista. By surface analysis, piyano + -ista.


segidilya

Borrowed from Spanish seguidilla. Doublet of sigarilyas.


oyaye

oyayè (canonical)
oyaye (canonical)
ᜂᜌᜌᜒ (Baybayin)
uyayi (alternative)
oyayi (alternative)


ampayr

tl-noun

ampayr or ampáyr (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜋ᜔ᜉᜌ᜔ᜇ᜔)

ampayr (canonical)
ampáyr (canonical)
ᜀᜋ᜔ᜉᜌ᜔ᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
ampay (alternative colloquial)
ampayer (alternative)

Borrowed from English umpire, from a Middle English rebracketing of a noumpere as an oumpere, from Old French nonper (“odd number, not even (as a tie-breaking arbitrator)”).


boyna

ᜊᜓᜌ᜔ᜈ (Baybayin)
boina (alternative dated)


ampliyasyon

tl-noun

ampliyasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜎᜒᜌᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

ampliyasyón (canonical)
ᜀᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜎᜒᜌᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
ampliasyon (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Spanish ampliación. By surface analysis, ampliya + -syon.

(photography) enlargement (an image, particularly a photograph, that has been enlarged)


ampliyador

ampliyadór (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜎᜒᜌᜇᜓᜇ᜔)

ampliyadór (canonical)
ᜀᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜎᜒᜌᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
ampliador (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Spanish ampliador. By surface analysis, ampliya + -dor.

(photography) enlarger (optical device used to make enlarged prints)


ampliya

ampliyá (canonical)
ᜀᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜎᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
amplia (alternative dated)

Borrowed from Spanish ampliar, from Latin ampliāre.