obserbatoryo

obserbatoryo (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜊ᜔ᜐᜒᜇ᜔ᜊᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜂᜊ᜔ᜐᜒᜇ᜔ᜊᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


okasyon

Ano ang okasyon ngayon?


optalmolohiya

tl-noun

optalmolohiya (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜉ᜔ᜆᜎ᜔ᜋᜓᜎᜓᜑᜒᜌ)

ᜂᜉ᜔ᜆᜎ᜔ᜋᜓᜎᜓᜑᜒᜌ (Baybayin)


orihinal

orihinál (canonical)
ᜂᜇᜒᜑᜒᜈᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish original, from Latin orīginālis. Doublet of orig.


orihinalidad

orihinalidád (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜇᜒᜑᜒᜈᜎᜒᜇᜇ᜔)

orihinalidád (canonical)
ᜂᜇᜒᜑᜒᜈᜎᜒᜇᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


oksidasyon

oksidasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

oksidasyón (canonical)
ᜂᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


palagay

[pɐ.lɐˈɣaɪ̯]


almoranas

ᜀᜎ᜔ᜋᜓᜇᜈᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
almuranas (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish almorranas, plural of almorrana, from Vulgar Latin *haemorrheuma, from Ancient Greek αἱμο- (haimo-, “blood”) + ῥεῦμα (rheûma, “stream, flow”), influenced by Arabic اَل (al-, “the”).


kagustuhan

kagustuhan (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜄᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜓᜑᜈ᜔)

ᜃᜄᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜓᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


persiyana

[pɛɾˈʃaː.n̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish persiana, from French persienne. Doublet of Persiyana.


protina

ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜆᜒᜈ (Baybayin)
proteina (alternative dated)
proteyna (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish proteína (“protein”).


puwerta

Borrowed from Spanish puerta (“door”), from Latin porta. See also puwerto. Doublet of pulta.


katanungan

[kɐ.t̪ɐˈn̪uː.ŋɐn̪]


katauhan

ᜃᜆᜂᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
katawuhan (alternative dialectal)

From tao + ka- -han. Compare Cebuano katawhan (“people”). See also katawan.


Iloko

Borrowed from Spanish iloco, from Ilocano, from i-<pos:place of origin prefix? + either lukong (“hollow; concave”) or luek /luok (“cove; bay”) + Spanish -o (masculine suffix).

Ilocano, an ethnolinguistic group in the Philippines situated in northern Luzon

Sa salitáng tagalog katutura’y ang lahát nang tumubo sa Sangkapuluáng itó; sa makatuid, bisaya man, iloko man, kapangpangan man, etc., ay tagalog din.

c. 1892, Emilio Jacinto, Kartilya ng Katipunan [Charter of the Assembly (of the Sons of the Nation)]:

With the term "Tagalog" is meant all who were born and raised in this archipelago; as such, even a Visayan, Ilocano, Kapampangan, etc. is also a Tagalog.

a member of the Ilocano ethnolinguistic group


bagets

From clipping of bagito + -s. Popularized by the 1984 film, Bagets, starring Herbert Bautista, Aga Muhlach, etc.


andal

Borrowed from Malay endal (“stuffing in”).


konsultant

tl-noun

konsultant (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)


pakialamera

pakialamera (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜃᜒᜀᜎᜋᜒᜇ)

[pɐ.xɪ.ʔɐ.lɐˈmɛː.ɾɐ]

Dahil dito, kaliwa’t kanang pamba-bash ang inabot ni Agot. May mga tumawag sa kanya ng “inggitera” at “pakialamera.”

2020, Ervin Santiago, “Agot bugbog-sarado sa fans nina Pacman at Jinkee pero nakasuntok pa rin”, in Bandera:

Pinayuhan naman ni Tupas ang mambabatas na bayaran na lamang sila Agot, Enchong, Pokwang at Ogie para sa kanilang pagiging “pakialamera” at “inggitera”.

2021, Rodrigo Extremadura, “Agot Isidro atbp. tinawag na ‘inggitera’ ng ilang netizen matapos punahin ang kasal ng isang mambabatas”, in Daily BNC NEWS:


inggitera

[ʔɪŋ.ɡɪˈt̪ɛː.ɾɐ]

(informal) female equivalent of inggitero: female envious person


redaksiyon

redaksiyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜇᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

redaksiyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜇᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ɾɛ.d̪ɐkˈʃon̪]


lokasyon

lokasyón (canonical)
ᜎᜓᜃᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English location, and influenced by Spanish -ción.


sagala

Borrowed from Spanish zagala, feminine of zagal, from Andalusian Arabic زغال (zaḡál, “young; brave”), from Arabic زُغْلُول (zuḡlūl).

der

costumed maiden, with an enlarged headdress of leaves, joining a Lenten procession


atribusyon

tl-noun

atribusyón (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜊᜓᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

atribusyón (canonical)
ᜀᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜊᜓᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐ.t̪ɾɪ.bʊˈʃon̪]

Borrowed from Spanish atribución (“attribution”), from Latin attribūtiōnem.


alindog

alindóg (canonical)
ᜀᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐ.lɪn̪ˈd̪oɡ̚]

personal charm; attractiveness; beauty; gorgeousness


sabay

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sa(m)bay, from Proto-Austronesian *sabay (“do something together with others”). Cognate with Old Javanese sambe (“to call, beckon, invite”).

cog

act of travelling to the same place together


dagsin

Borrowed from Ilocano dagsen (“weight; burden”).


taong grasa

tl-noun

taong grasa (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜂᜅ᜔ ᜄ᜔ᜇᜐ)

[ˌt̪aː.ʔoŋ ˈɡɾaː.sɐ]


kimlo

kimló (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜋ᜔ᜎᜓ (Baybayin)
kiyamlo (alternative)
kyamlo (alternative)
kiamlo (alternative)
kyemlo (alternative)

From either Hokkien 錦瑙 /锦瑙 (gím-ló / *kím-ló) or Hokkien 鹹滷 /咸卤 (kiâm-lō͘) as in blend of 鹹 /咸 (kiâm, “viand”) + 滷 /卤 (lō͘, “to stew in soy sauce and spices”) as per Chan-Yap (1980).

blend

a Chinese soup stew of misua or bihon noodles usually with fresh eggs, soy sauce, salt, shrimp, slices of pork, shredded chicken, patola (ridged gourd), etc.


awra

Borrowed from English aura, from Latin aura, from Ancient Greek αὔρα (aúra).

aura (charismatic and dominant presence)


inam

condition of being clear and bright (of weather)


Espanyol

tl-noun

Espanyól (feminine Espanyola, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜌᜓᜎ᜔)

Espanyól (canonical)
Espanyola (feminine)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜌᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish español, from Old Occitan espaignol, from Vulgar Latin *Hispaniolus (“of Spain”), from Latin Hispānus, from Hispānia.


kostal

kostál (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
kustal (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish costal (“sack made of cheap materials”).


kabaro

colleague (among soldiers, police, etc.)

someone with clothing similar to what one is wearing


tradisyon

tl-noun

tradisyón (Baybayin spelling ᜆ᜔ᜇᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

tradisyón (canonical)
ᜆ᜔ᜇᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[t̪ɾɐ.d̪ɪˈʃon̪]

Borrowed from Spanish tradición, from Latin trāditiōne. Doublet of traysiyon.


buntong-hininga

buntóng-hiningá (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜑᜒᜈᜒᜅ)

buntóng-hiningá (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜑᜒᜈᜒᜅ (Baybayin)

[bʊn̪ˌt̪oŋ hɪ.n̪ɪˈŋa]

(common, proscribed) alternative spelling of buntonghininga


kritisismo

kritisismo (Baybayin spelling ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜆᜒᜐᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)

ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜆᜒᜐᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ (Baybayin)

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English criticism, influenced by Spanish -ismo.


asosasyon

tl-noun

asosasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜐᜓᜐᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

asosasyón (canonical)
ᜀᜐᜓᜐᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
asosasiyon (alternative uncommon)
asosiyasyon (alternative uncommon)
asosyasyon (alternative)
asosyasiyon (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish asociación, with change of -ciación to -sasyon in effort to pronounce two consecutive syllables with /sj/ (cf. negosasyon, pasensiya).


performans

performans (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜉᜓᜇ᜔ᜋᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔)

ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜉᜓᜇ᜔ᜋᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
perpormans (alternative)

Layunin ng pag-aaral na ito na malaman ang antas ng bisa ng istilo sa pagtuturo at matiyak kung may makabuluhang kaugnayan ito sa akademik performans ng mga mag-aaral sa ika-anim na baitang ng Baguio Central School. Gumamit ng talatanungan sa paglikom ng mga pamilang na datos; Perspektibong Istilo sa Pagtuturo. Ang sekondaryang datos ay ang pinag-isang grado mula una, ikalawa at ikatlong markahan para sa akademik performans.

2016 July 26, Fely Nerona Aromin, “Bisa ng Istilo sa Pagtuturo at Akademik Performans sa Filipino ng mga Mag-aaral sa Ika-anim na Baitang ng Baguio Central School”, in Patawid di Adal, volume 1, Department of Education Cordillera Administrative Region Schools Division of Baguio City, →ISSN, page 205:

Nilayon ng palarawang pahambing (descriptive-comparative) na pag-aaral na ito na masuri ang kabisaan ng paggamit ng mga malikhaing gawain at performans bilang interbensyon para sa mga mag-aaral na bumagsak o may mabababang grado sa Filipino dahil sa maraming araw ng pagliban.

2017 June 4, Hilda Caasi-Dawayen, “Paggamit ng Malikhaing Gawain at Performans Bilang Interbensiyon para sa mga Mag-aaral ng Filipino sa Baitang 7”, in Patawid di Adal, volume 1, number 4, Department of Education Cordillera Administrative Region Schools Division of Baguio City, →ISSN, page 26:


zey

Borrowed from English zay, variant of zee, the English name of the letter Z /z.


argolya

ᜀᜇ᜔ᜄᜓᜎ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
arigolya (alternative)

[ʔɐɾˈɡol.jɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish argolla, from Arabic الغُلّ (al-ḡull).

iron rings (used for exercise or acrobatics)

acrobatic display or exercises with iron rings

hoop; large ring (such as drapery rings)


lulan

taking in of passengers (into a vehicle)


bilbord

ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜊᜓᜇ᜔ᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
billboard (alternative)


kwentong-barbero

kwentong-barbero (Baybayin spelling ᜃ᜔ᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜊᜇ᜔ᜊᜒᜇᜓ)

ᜃ᜔ᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜊᜇ᜔ᜊᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of kuwentong-barbero.


tsarera

[t͡ʃɐˈɾɛː.ɾɐ]

[t͡sɐˈɾɛː.ɾɐ]

From tsa (or its variant tsaa) + -era, patterned after Spanish cafetera, tetera.


kaway

wave (of one's hand to call or signal someone)


igba

a form of superstitious act by avoiding things that have bad omens

(dialectal, Quezon) traditional ritual for planting crops, especially rice used by farmers in the southern Tagalog region (to be assured of a bountiful harvest)

Sa pamamagitan ng igba ng tagayan, mainit ang naging pagtanggap sa atin.

Through the ritual of drinking (lambanog), we were warmly welcomed.

(dialectal, Quezon) ritual; ceremony (especially indigenous ones)


himas

(strictly) massaging of one's gamecock and patting its back (as part of cockfighting training)


otmil

Ang mga itlog ang apricots, pasas, mga patatas, otmil, berdeng gulay, buong-butil na cereals, karneng walang gasinong taba, at ang atay ay pawang mabu...

1977, Clifford R. Anderson, Bagong patnubay sa kalusugan:


estratehiya

estratehiya or estratéhiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜆᜒᜑᜒᜌ)

estratehiya (canonical)
estratéhiyá (canonical)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜆᜒᜑᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
istratehiya (alternative)

[ʔɛs.t̪ɾɐ.t̪ɛˈhiː.ɐ]

[ʔɛs.t̪ɾɐˈt̪ɛː.hjɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish estrategia, ultimately from Ancient Greek στρατηγία (stratēgía).


kurikulum

kuríkulúm (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇᜒᜃᜓᜎᜓᜋ᜔)

kuríkulúm (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇᜒᜃᜓᜎᜓᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from English curriculum, from Latin curriculum (“course”).


varyant

ᜊᜇ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
baryant (alternative)

Borrowed from English variant, from Old French variant, from Latin variāns. Doublet of baryante.


lapastangan

lapastangan (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜉᜐ᜔ᜆᜅᜈ᜔)

ᜎᜉᜐ᜔ᜆᜅᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
lapastang̃an (alternative)

From Malay lepas (“free”) + Malay tangan (“hand”).

compound

irreverent person; disrespectful or discourteous person


kalapastangan

tl-noun

kalapastangan (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜉᜐ᜔ᜆᜅᜈ᜔)

From kalapastanganan with final haplology.


lapirot

crumpling; crushing (by the tips of the fingers)


tagunya

[t̪ɐ.ɣʊnˈɲaʔ]

[t̪ɐ.ɣʊn̪ˈjaʔ]


pitumbuko

pitumbukó (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜆᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜃᜓ)

pitumbukó (canonical)
ᜉᜒᜆᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜃᜓ (Baybayin)

From pito (“seven”) + -m- + buko (“node; knuckle; joint”).


atang-atang

tl-noun

atang-atang or atáng-atáng (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜆᜅ᜔ᜀᜆᜅ᜔)

atang-atang (canonical)
atáng-atáng (canonical)
ᜀᜆᜅ᜔ᜀᜆᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ˌʔaː.t̪ɐŋ ˈʔaː.t̪ɐŋ]

[ʔɐˌt̪aŋ ʔɐˈt̪aŋ]

Unknown. Possibly related to Hokkien 蟲仔 /虫仔 (thâng-á, “insect”), or a reduplication of atang. Compare Casiguran Dumagat Agta atang-atang (“species of poisonous river crab”). See also Cebuano tanga (“scorpion”) and Hokkien 蠍仔蟲 /蝎仔虫 (giat-á-thâng).


bataan

[bɐˈt̪aː.ʔɐn̪]


bungkugan

[bʊŋˈkuː.ɣɐn̪]

piggy bank (or any kind of coin container)


kabay

kabay (canonical)
kabáy (canonical)
ᜃᜊᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
cabay (alternative)


panganurin

ᜉᜅᜈᜓᜇᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
panganorin (alternative)

[pɐ.ŋɐˈn̪uː.ɾɪn̪]

From pang- + anod (“drift”) + -in. Compare Bikol Central panganuron and Cebuano panganod, panganuron.

(by extension) atmospheric space beyond the clouds

(dialectal, Marinduque) cloud (in general)


kulapnit

kulapnít (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜎᜉ᜔ᜈᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
colapnit (alternative)

Compare Bikol Central kulapnit, Cebuano kwaknit, and Waray-Waray kulalapnit.

(eastern Marinduque) bat (flying mammal)


bangkukang

ᜊᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜃᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
bakukang (alternative)

(dialectal, Quezon, Marinduque) cockroach


pagkasuplado

tl-noun

pagkasuplado (feminine pagkasuplada, Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜐᜓᜉ᜔ᜎᜇᜓ)

pagkasuplada (feminine)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜐᜓᜉ᜔ᜎᜇᜓ (Baybayin)


pagkasuplada

pagkasuplada (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜐᜓᜉ᜔ᜎᜇ)

ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜐᜓᜉ᜔ᜎᜇ (Baybayin)


bakal ng kabayo

bakal ng kabayo (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜃᜊᜌᜓ)

ᜊᜃᜎ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜃᜊᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


baino

ᜊᜁᜈᜓ (Baybayin)
bayno (alternative)
bayino (alternative)

Nelumbo nucifera
Nelumbo nucifera#Translingual

sacred lotus; water lily (Nelumbo nucifera)


Agustino

Agustino (feminine Agustina, Baybayin spelling ᜀᜄᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜈᜓ)

Agustina (feminine)
ᜀᜄᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜈᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish agustino, after San Agustín, Spanish name of Augustine of Hippo.


ama-amahan

amá-amahan (canonical)
ᜀᜋᜀᜋᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐˌma ʔɐˈmaː.hɐn̪]


alpalpa

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁eḱ-
Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćwas
Proto-Iranian *Hácwah
Proto-Iranian *Hástiš
Proto-Iranian *HacwaHastiš
Old Median *aspāstišder.
Arabic فَصْفَص (faṣfaṣ)bor.
Old Spanish alfalfez
Spanish alfalfabor.
Tagalog alpalpa
Borrowed from Spanish alfalfa, from Old Spanish alfalfez, from Arabic الْفَصْفَصَة (al-faṣfaṣa), from Aramaic אַסְפַּסְתָּא (ʾaspastā) / ܐܰܣܦܷܣܬܳܐ (ʾaspestā, “lucerne”), from Akkadian 𒊍𒉺𒊍𒋾 (aspastu, “presumably lucerne”), from Old Median *aspāstiš (“lucerne”).

der

الْفَصْفَصَة

אַסְפַּסְתָּא

Aramaic אַסְפַּסְתָּא (ʾaspastā)

Medicago sativa
Medicago sativa#Translingual


alimpungat

tl-noun

alimpungát (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎᜒᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜅᜆ᜔)

alimpungát (canonical)
ᜀᜎᜒᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜅᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

state of being half-awake and half-asleep after having slept


adikto

Borrowed from Spanish adicto, from Latin addictus. Doublet of adik.


hangarin

[hɐˈŋaː.ɾɪn̪]

[hɐ.ŋɐˈɾɪn̪]


adberbiyo

adbérbiyó (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇ᜔ᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜊᜒᜌᜓ)

adbérbiyó (canonical)
ᜀᜇ᜔ᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜊᜒᜌᜓ (Baybayin)
adberbyo (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish adverbio, from Latin adverbium.


akyat

akyát (canonical)
ᜀᜃ᜔ᜌᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
acyat (alternative)
ac-yat (alternative)
acquiat (alternative)
akiyat (alternative obsolete)

From (Northern) Proto-Philippine *kayat (“to climb vertically (as ladder, tree)”) with metathesis. Compare Yami kalat, Ivatan kayat, Tuwali Ifugao kayat, Batad Ifugao āyat, and Kapampangan ukiat.

inh

(colloquial) visit of a suitor to the girlfriend's house


aborsiyonista

tl-noun

aborsiyonista (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊᜓᜇ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜀᜊᜓᜇ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)
aborsiyunista (alternative)
aborsyonista (alternative)
aborsyunista (alternative)

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English abortionist, influenced by Spanish -ista. By surface analysis, aborsiyon + -ista.


mang-aabat

mang-aabát (canonical)
ᜋᜅ᜔ᜀᜀᜊᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

[mɐŋ.ʔɐ.ʔɐˈbat̪̚]


panlinis

ᜉᜈ᜔ᜎᜒᜈᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
panglinis (alternative nonstandard)


erkon

Borrowed from English aircon, clipping of air conditioner.

Lahat ay mahimbing, may naghihilik, may humahagok, at maingay ang ugong ng erkon. Lumapit ang anino sa isang nakahiga, nilente ang mukha, at nakapihong siya na nga.

1985, Ramon V. Lim, Mga limbas sa lupa ni Muhammad (Saudi Arabia):


supil

subjugation; domination; act of overpowering

disciplining; act of bringing under control (from being wild, stubborn, etc.)


tagasaw

[t̪ɐ.ɣɐˈsaʊ̯]


benesyana

[bɛ.n̪ɛˈʃaː.n̪ɐ]


agpang

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *ag(ə)páŋ.

inh+

act or manner of fitting or adjusting something into another

state of harmony of relations or feelings


aysing

ᜀᜌ᜔ᜐᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
aising (alternative dated)

icing (sweet glaze used for baked goods)


bilaok

something that lodges in the throat or windpipe


mang-aawit

tl-noun

mang-aawit (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜅ᜔ᜀᜀᜏᜒᜆ᜔)

[mɐŋ.ʔɐˈʔaː.wɪt̪̚]

From mang- + awit, from an initial reduplication of awit.


surimbangkay

súrimbangkáy (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜇᜒᜋ᜔ᜊᜅ᜔ᜃᜌ᜔)

súrimbangkáy (canonical)
ᜐᜓᜇᜒᜋ᜔ᜊᜅ᜔ᜃᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
suring-bangkay (alternative)


ayon

From Proto-Philippine *áyun (“agree with, be in concord with”). Compare Ilocano ayon, Bikol Central ayon, and Maranao ayon.


awtismo

ᜀᜏ᜔ᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ (Baybayin)
autismo (alternative)


mulapik

Blend of mulaan + tipik, literally “originating particle”.


pangangasiwa

pangangasiwà (canonical)
ᜉᜅᜅᜐᜒᜏ (Baybayin)

[pɐ.ŋɐ.ŋɐˈsiː.wɐʔ]

From pang- + asiwa, with reduplication of the first syllable of the root.

term; tenure; reign (of officials, kings, etc.)


tagapangasiwa

tl-noun

tagapangasiwà (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜄᜉᜅᜐᜒᜏ)

tagapangasiwà (canonical)
ᜆᜄᜉᜅᜐᜒᜏ (Baybayin)

[t̪ɐ.ɣɐ.pɐ.ŋɐˈsiː.wɐʔ]


at-at

at-át (canonical)
ᜀᜆ᜔ᜀᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
atat (alternative)

[ʔɐt̪ˈʔat̪̚]


apresyasyon

apresyasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

apresyasyón (canonical)
ᜀᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
apresasyon (alternative)

[ʔɐ.pɾɛ.ʃɐˈʃon̪]


aratiles

arátilés (canonical)
ᜀᜇᜆᜒᜎᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
datiles (alternative)
aratilis (alternative)
latires (alternative)
ratiles (alternative)

[ʔɐˌɾaː.t̪ɪˈlɛs]

Borrowed from Spanish dátiles, from dátil. Compare Cebuano datilis.

Muntingia calabura
Muntingia calabura#Translingual


kagitingan

[kɐ.ɣɪˈt̪iː.ŋɐn̪]


paghuhukom

paghuhukóm (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜑᜓᜑᜓᜃᜓᜋ᜔)

paghuhukóm (canonical)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜑᜓᜑᜓᜃᜓᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

From pag- + hukom, from an initial reduplication of hukom.


kiyampong

Borrowed from Hokkien 鹹飯 /咸饭 (kiâm-pn̄g).

bor+

kiampong (glutinous rice dish in the Philippines)


antala

tl-noun

antala or antalà (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜈ᜔ᜆᜎ)

antala (canonical)
antalà (canonical)
ᜀᜈ᜔ᜆᜎ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐn̪ˈt̪aː.lɐ]

[ʔɐn̪ˈt̪aː.lɐʔ]

Possibly from Sanskrit अन्तर (antara, “duration; gap; interval”). Compare Malay antara, Indonesian antara.


litsiyas

ᜎᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
lechias (alternative)
lechia (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish lechías, plural of lechía (“lychee”), from Hokkien 荔枝 (lē-chi) + -a.


alusema

[ʔɐ.lʊˈsɛː.mɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish alhucema (“lavender”), from Andalusian Arabic اَلْخُزَامَى (al-ḵuzāmā), from Arabic اَلْخُزَامَى (al-ḵuzāmā).

der

اَلْخُزَامَى

اَلْخُزَامَى

Arabic اَلْخُزَامَى (al-ḵuzāmā)


amilyaramyento

tl-noun

amilyaramyento (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜋᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜇᜋ᜔ᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜀᜋᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜇᜋ᜔ᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)
amilyaramiyento (alternative)


aksaya

aksayá (canonical)
ᜀᜃ᜔ᜐᜌ (Baybayin)
agsaya (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Sanskrit क्षय (kṣayá, “decay, corossion”).


alangan

[ʔɐ.lɐˈŋan̪]

From Proto-Philippine *alaŋ-án (“to hesitate; to doubt”).

inh

coconut between its young and mature stages


alaala

[ʔɐ.lɐˈʔaː.lɐ]


alaala

alaalá (canonical)
ᜀᜎᜀᜎ (Baybayin)
ala-ala (alternative)

[ʔɐ.lɐˈʔaː.lɐ]

(slightly archaic) alternative form of alala: worry; anxiety


pagbubukid

tl-noun

pagbubukíd (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜊᜓᜊᜓᜃᜒᜇ᜔)

pagbubukíd (canonical)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜊᜓᜊᜓᜃᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

From pag- + bukid, with reduplication of the first syllable of the root.


pagsasaka

From pag- + saka, with reduplication of the first syllable of the root.


ahensiya

ahénsiyá (canonical)
ᜀᜑᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
ahensya (alternative)

[ʔɐˈhɛn̪.ʃɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish agencia, from Latin agentia.


aninag

[ʔɐˈn̪iː.n̪ɐɡ̚]

visibility through a transparent or translucent medium


anyaya

[ʔɐnˈɲaː.jɐ]


anyaya

[ʔɐnˈɲaː.jɐʔ]

[ʔɐn̪ˈjaː.jɐʔ]

Borrowed from Sanskrit अनय (anaya, “misfortune”).


awtoridad

tl-noun

awtoridád (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜏ᜔ᜆᜓᜇᜒᜇᜇ᜔)

awtoridád (canonical)
ᜀᜏ᜔ᜆᜓᜇᜒᜇᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
autoridad (alternative)
otoridad (alternative)

[ʔaʊ̯.t̪o.ɾɪˈd̪ad̪̚]

Borrowed from Spanish autoridad, from Latin auctōritātem.


akusa

Borrowed from Spanish acusar, from Old Spanish acusar, from Latin accūsāre.


AFAM

Borrowed from English AFAM, possibly an acronym of “a foreigner around Manila”.

a white foreigner in the Philippines (usually male)

a white American in the Philippines (usually male)


badaho

Borrowed from Spanish badajo (“clapper”).


balakil

fastening of two construction materials such as wood beams or boards (in building a house)


kopas

Borrowed from Spanish copas, plural of copa (“cup; goblet”).


bahagsubay

tl-noun

bahagsubay (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜑᜄ᜔ᜐᜓᜊᜌ᜔)

Derived from bahag (“loincloth”) + subay.

(faint) rainbow (visible when the sun shines)


bahala

Borrowed from Sanskrit भार (bhāra, “burden; load; weight”). Compare Kapampangan bala, Cebuano bála / baláha (“to carry something on the back, not tied”), Indonesian bahar, Malay bahara (“weight”), and Javanese ꦧꦫ (bara, “hundred million”). By folk etymology, commonly thought to be a derivation from Bathala (“God”).


kalooban

tl-noun

kalooban or kaloobán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜓᜂᜊᜈ᜔)

kalooban (canonical)
kaloobán (canonical)
ᜃᜎᜓᜂᜊᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


bakasyunista

bakasyunista (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜊᜃᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)


kababaan

lowness (in height, altitude, price, etc.)


ambuwang

ambuwáng (canonical)
ᜀᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜏᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
ambwang (alternative)


ambulansiya

ambulánsiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜎᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ)

ambulánsiyá (canonical)
ᜀᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜎᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
ambulansya (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish ambulancia (“ambulance”).


antay

antáy (canonical)
ᜀᜈ᜔ᜆᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
hantay (alternative obsolete)

[ʔɐn̪ˈt̪aɪ̯]


antabay

[ʔɐn̪ˈt̪aː.baɪ̯]

slowing down to wait for someone (to catch up)


bangkoro

ᜊᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
bancuro (alternative)
bangkuro (alternative)
bankoro (alternative)


balumbalunan

tl-noun

balumbalunan (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜎᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜎᜓᜈᜈ᜔)

ᜊᜎᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜎᜓᜈᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
balunbalunan (alternative)
balun-balunan (alternative)
balonbalonan (alternative)


balisakang

balisakáng (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜒᜐᜃᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


siyomay

ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜋᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
siomai (alternative common)
siumay (alternative obsolete)
siyumay (alternative obsolete)

Ultimately from Cantonese 燒賣 /烧卖 (siu¹ maai⁶⁻²), with possible influence from Hokkien 燒賣 /烧卖 (sio-mai). See also siyopaw. Compare Indonesian siomay.

siomai; shumai (especially the Philippine variety)


amperyo

Borrowed from Spanish amperio (“ampere”), Hispanicization of French ampère, named after French physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836). Doublet of amper.


alintana

[ʔɐ.lɪn̪ˈt̪aː.n̪ɐ]


pusok

pusók (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜐᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
posoc (alternative)

impetuosity; acting on sudden impulse; excessive spiritedness

(obsolete) burning flame that is difficult to extinguish


balikwas

balikwás (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜏᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

sudden jump to one's feet from a lying position (due to fright or surprise)

(by extension) recovery; redemption (as from indebtedness)


sakdal

(colloquial) grievance; cause of complaint


basag-ulero

tl-noun

basag-ulero (feminine basag-ulera, Baybayin spelling ᜊᜐᜄ᜔ᜂᜎᜒᜇᜓ)

basag-ulera (feminine)
ᜊᜐᜄ᜔ᜂᜎᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
basagulero (alternative)

[ˌbaː.sɐɡ ʔʊˈlɛː.ɾo]

Hindi nila alam na bukod sa pinoprotektahan nila ang sarili nilang interes pagdating sa bisyo, ipinagtatanggol din nila ang "karapatang-tao" ng mga multinasyonal at ng mga walang konsiyensiya at mga basagulero na walang pakialam sa ...

2001, "Evil Ways ni Erap" (poem) at Ang makasaysayang People Power Part 2 sa mga pahina ng Pinoy times special edition issues 1-16

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Ayaw namin ng evil ways ni Erap // Economy ay bumabagsak // Pagkat corrupt si Erap // Ang bayan ay walang hinaharap // Siya'y babaero, lasenggo at sugalero // Basagulero, bolero at siya ay bobo

'Ibagsak ang mga kaaway ngating pinaghirapang kalayaan!' 'Ibagsak ang ating mga kaaway!' 'Ibagsak ang mga tsismoso't basagulero!' 'Ibagsak ang mga tsismoso't basagulero!' 'Harambee!' 'Harambee!' 'Salamat mga kaibigan ko. Salamat.

2002, Romeo G. Dizon, Mga talulot na dugo, →ISBN:

Sa isang banda ay mga sagradong Kristiyano at sa kabila naman ay mga basagulero!' Hindi naman talaga ako natakot. Parang mahirap at mga gutom lang yung mga lalake.

2015, Marshall E Gass, Maririlag na mga Hagod ng Brotsa, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN:

Huwag daw siyang makikipagbabag. Huwag daw niyang pagpapansinin si Ogor. Talaga raw gayon ito: basagulero. Lagi niyang isinasaisip ang mga biling ito ngunit sadya yatang hindi siya makapagtitimpi kapag naririnig niya ang masasakit ...

year unknown, Kawil Ii' 2002 Ed., Rex Bookstore, Inc. →ISBN, page 276

(informal) brawler; troublemaker; quarrelsome fellow


sinyor

sinyór (feminine sinyora, Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜌᜓᜇ᜔)

sinyór (canonical)
sinyora (feminine)
ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜌᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


lupasay

sitting or falling flat on one's haunches

lying flat on the ground with arms and legs stretched


bitso

ᜊᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜓ (Baybayin)
bicho (alternative)
bichu (alternative)

Borrowed from Hokkien, possibly either:
* 米粞 (bí-chhòe / bí-chhè, “rice dough; rice flour”), according to Manuel (1948).
* 米棗 /米枣 (bí chó, literally “rice ball”), according to Chan-Yap (1980).
Compare Philippine Spanish vicho-vicho.

youtiao (elongated deep-fried Chinese doughnut pastry fritter made from rice flour, especially the Philippine version usually rolled in sugar)


bitso

bitsó (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜓ (Baybayin)
bicho (alternative)
bichu (alternative)

Borrowed from Hokkien 米漿 /米浆 (bí-chiuⁿ, “rice milk starch made by grinding rice with water”), according to Manuel (1948).

bor+

a kind of starchy sauce for fried food (such as palabok for pancit noodles)


bigkis

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀkəs. Compare Bikol Central bugkos, Cebuano bugkos, and Malay berkas.

bundle consisting of parts or units bound together


bilyonaryo

tl-noun

bilyonaryo (feminine bilyonarya, Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

bilyonarya (feminine)
ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)
bilyunaryo (alternative)

Probably a pseudo-Hispanism derived from English billionaire. The Spanish billonario is itself only used in Spanish-speaking areas influenced by English.


bilibid

→ Tausug: bilibid


bilibid

coil (of string, twine, cord, rope, wire, etc.)


bikas

Mikania cordata
Wikispecies:Mikania cordata


birimbaw

birimbáw (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜇᜒᜋ᜔ᜊᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)


boltiyo

Borrowed from Spanish voltio, from English volt, named after Italian physicist Alessandro Volta.


kasali

participant; partaker; someone who joins in


sekular

Borrowed from Spanish secular, from Latin saeculāris. Doublet of seglar.


bugnit-bugnit

tl-noun

bugnít-bugnít (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜒᜆ᜔ᜊᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜒᜆ᜔)

bugnít-bugnít (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜒᜆ᜔ᜊᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
bugnitbugnit (alternative)

[bʊɡˌn̪ɪt̪ bʊɡˈn̪ɪt̪̚]


kalumbibit

kalumbibít (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜊᜒᜆ᜔)

kalumbibít (canonical)
ᜃᜎᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜊᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
kalambibit (alternative)

bayag-kambing; Caesalpinia crista (plant and seed)


buwena mano

buwena mano (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜏᜒᜈ ᜋᜈᜓ)

ᜊᜓᜏᜒᜈ ᜋᜈᜓ (Baybayin)
buena mano (alternative)
buwenamano (alternative)
bwenamano (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish buena mano (“wise decision; to be lucky”, literally “good hand [of starting cards]”). See also Hokkien 好手 (hó-chhiú, “good hand; expert; professional”), English deal a good hand.

ncog

auspicious start to an event, competition, or transaction that would set the tone for the rest that would follow

first customer or sale of the day (often sold at a discount) believed to bring luck for the rest of the business day


bubuwit

bubuwít (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜊᜓᜏᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
bubwit (alternative)

Suncus murinus
Suncus murinus#Translingual


panimbang

panimbáng (canonical)
ᜉᜈᜒᜋ᜔ᜊᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
pantimbang (alternative)

From pan- + timbang (“weight”), with nasal assimilation.

counterbalance; weight (used to balance another weight)


ipuipo

ípuípo (canonical)
ᜁᜉᜓᜁᜉᜓ (Baybayin)
ipoipo (alternative)
ipo-ipo (alternative)

→ Kapampangan: ipu-ipu


bilyonarya

tl-noun

bilyonarya (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜇ᜔ᜌ)

ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜇ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
bilyunarya (alternative)

(colloquial) female equivalent of bilyonaryo: female billionaire


bakokang

ᜊᜃᜓᜃᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
bakukang (alternative)
bangkukang (alternative)

(pathology) old, ulcerous wound that takes a long time to heal (usually on one's leg); sarna-like skin disease spread on the body


bulalayak

búlalayák (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜎᜎᜌᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)


malabuntala

malabuntalà (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜎ)

malabuntalà (canonical)
ᜋᜎᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜎ (Baybayin)

From mala- + buntala, literally “planet-like”.


malatala

From mala- + tala. Calque of English asteroid (literally “star-like”).


dalubtala

dalubtalà (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜆᜎ (Baybayin)


pugok

pugók (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜄᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
pug-ok (alternative)

killing by wringing the neck (of a big fish, fowl, etc.)


bulutong-tubig

tl-noun

bulutong-tubig (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜎᜓᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔)

ᜊᜓᜎᜓᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)
bulutung-tubig (alternative)


bulutong-manok

bulutong-manók (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜎᜓᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜋᜈᜓᜃ᜔)

bulutong-manók (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜎᜓᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜋᜈᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
bulutung-manok (alternative)


bulutunggo

bulutunggó (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜎᜓᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ)

bulutunggó (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜎᜓᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ (Baybayin)


kabuluhan

kabuluhán (canonical)
ᜃᜊᜓᜎᜓᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From bulo (“hair; ounce of importance”) + ka- -han.


bunga de-tsina

tl-noun

bunga de-tsina (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜅ ᜇᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜈ)

ᜊᜓᜅ ᜇᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜈ (Baybayin)
bunga de China (alternative)

[ˌbuː.ŋɐ d̪ɛ ˈt͡ʃiː.n̪ɐ]

[ˌbuː.ŋɐ d̪ɛ ˈt͡siː.n̪ɐ]

Adonidia merrillii
Wikispecies:Adonidia merrillii

Veitchia merrillii
Wikispecies:Veitchia merrillii

Manila palm (Adonidia merrillii, syn. Veitchia merrillii)


bumbon

dam made of branches and twigs to attract fish to live and nest there (of rivers and lakes)


burges

burgés (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜇ᜔ᜄᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
burgis (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish burgués, from Latin burgensis.


hininga

From hinga + -in-, literally “thing breathed”.


hininga

picking of one's tooth (to remove foreign matter with a toothpick, etc.)


buntonghininga

tl-noun

buntónghiningá (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜑᜒᜈᜒᜅ)

buntónghiningá (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜑᜒᜈᜒᜅ (Baybayin)
bontonghining̃a (alternative)
buntong-hininga (alternative common proscribed)
buntung-hininga (alternative)
buntunghininga (alternative)

From bunton (“heap”) + hininga (“breath”), but some linguists think that the first component should be bunto (“vent out”).


bumbong

Compare Malay bumbung, Indonesian bumbung.

cylindrical container (especially those made of bamboo)


datung

datúng (canonical)
ᜇᜆᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
datong (alternative)

Uncertain. May either be from Cebuano dato (“rich”) + -ng, datu + -ng, or a blend of dating + tong.


buteteng-laot

buteteng-laot (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜆᜒᜆᜒᜅ᜔ᜎᜂᜆ᜔)

ᜊᜓᜆᜒᜆᜒᜅ᜔ᜎᜂᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
boteteng-laot (alternative)
buteteng laot (alternative)

[bʊˌt̪ɛː.t̪ɛn̪ ˈlaː.ʔot̪̚]


biyolon

biyolón (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜌᜓᜎᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
biolon (alternative)
byolon (alternative)
byulon (alternative)


bulilit

bulilit or bulilít (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜎᜒᜎᜒᜆ᜔)

bulilit (canonical)
bulilít (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜎᜒᜎᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

Compare Kapampangan bulilit (“newborn mouse”).

midgetness; condition of being abnormally small


bersiyon

bersiyón (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
bersyon (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish versión, from Medieval Latin versiōnem.


bagabag

[bɐˈɣaː.bɐɡ̚]

[bɐ.ɣɐˈbaɡ̚]


bakam

Compare Malay bekam (“to cup with a heated glass”).


bakam

bakám (canonical)
ᜊᜃᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)
bacam (alternative)


biskonde

tl-noun

biskonde (feminine biskondesa, Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒ)

biskondesa (feminine)
ᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish vizconde (“viscount”).


biskondesa

tl-noun

biskondesa (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ)

ᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish vizcondesa (“viscountess”).

bor+

female equivalent of biskonde: viscountess


alimuran

alimurán (canonical)
ᜀᜎᜒᜋᜓᜇᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


dalubhalman

tl-noun

dalubhalmán (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜑᜎ᜔ᜋᜈ᜔)

dalubhalmán (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜑᜎ᜔ᜋᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
dalubhalaman (alternative)

Syncopic form of *dalubhalaman, from dalub- + halaman (“plant”).


daloy

continuous flow (of liquid, electricity, etc.)

(historical) dagger or stylus worn under the arm by Kumintang warriors


buwelo

spurt; swift start (before accelerating)

sweep; sway; swinging movement (of swings, hammocks, pendulums, etc.)


buwal

buwál (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜏᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
boual (alternative)
buual (alternative)
bual (alternative dialectal)

From Proto-Philippine *buál (“uproot a tree”). Compare Ilocano bual, Pangasinan buwal, Hanunoo buwal, Agutaynen boal, and Bikol Central bual. Doublet of buwag.

inh

falling flat on the ground (of something tall or long)

knocking something flat on the ground (of something tall or long)

(now chiefly dialectal) tree uproot (especially due to the force of wind)


buwal

buwál (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜏᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
bual (alternative)

Borrowed from English voile, from French voile, from Old French voil, veil, from Latin vēlum. Doublet of belo.


bosyo

bosyò (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜐ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)
busiyo (alternative)
busyo (alternative)


bogambilya

tl-noun

bogambilya (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜄᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌ)

ᜊᜓᜄᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
bongabilya (alternative)
bongambilya (alternative)
bonggambilya (alternative)
bunggabilya (alternative)
bunggambilya (alternative)

Borrowed from English bougainvillea, named after French admiral and explorer Louis Antoine de Bougainville (1729–1811). Compare Spanish buganvilla.

named-after

great bougainvillea
w:great bougainvillea

Bougainvillea spectabilis
Wikispecies:Bougainvillea spectabilis

bougainvillea (especially the great bougainvillea, Bougainvillea spectabilis)


bungangero

tl-noun

bungangero (feminine bungangera, Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜅᜅᜒᜇᜓ)

bungangera (feminine)
ᜊᜓᜅᜅᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

[bʊ.ŋɐˈŋɛː.ɾo]


bungangera

[bʊ.ŋɐˈŋɛː.ɾɐ]

female equivalent of bungangero: vociferous woman; talkative woman


bulwak

bulwák (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜎ᜔ᜏᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
buluwak (alternative)
bulwag (alternative obsolete)


tsitsirya

tsitsirya or tsitsiryá (Baybayin spelling ᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜇ᜔ᜌ)

tsitsirya (canonical)
tsitsiryá (canonical)
ᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜇ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
sitsirya (alternative)
chichirya (alternative)

[t͡ʃɪtˈt͡ʃiɾ.jɐ]

[t͡ʃɪt.t͡ʃɪɾˈja]

Borrowed from Philippine Spanish chuchería. Doublet of tsutseriya and tsutseriyas.

bor+

junk food; finger food (especially packaged snacks)


buklod

reinforcing hoop (around a barrel, basket, etc.)

reinforcing metal or rattan ring (around the handle of a knife, chisel, palm broom, etc.)

(figurative) alliance; bond of union; uniting factor

(Christianity, Iglesia ni Cristo) baptized members who are married


baiki

[bɐˈʔiː.xɪʔ]


buklat

turning over; opening (of pages of books, magazine, newspaper, etc.)

(figurative, colloquial) unexpected mention (especially of something long forgotten)


liwayway

liwaywáy (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜏᜌ᜔ᜏᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

(figurative) beginning (of an age or era)

(figurative) slight trace; tiny amount; ray (of hope, etc.)


bukalkal

bukalkál (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜃᜎ᜔ᜃᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

digging out soil by scratching with one's hands

turning things over and over (in search of something)


tipak

Isang tipak ng bato.

chunk; piece; fragment (of hard matter split from a big, solid object)

act of lopping off from a big, solid object (a lump or fragment, such as with an ax)

part or portion from which a solid piece or fragment split

(colloquial) sudden big profit or success


bithay

bitháy (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜆ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
bistay (alternative)
bitay (alternative)
bitsay (alternative)

Borrowed from Hokkien 米篩 /米筛 (bí-thai). Compare Sambali bitsay and Kapampangan bitse.

flat, circular sieve or sifter made of fine bamboo splits (for splitting grain)

act of sifting grain (especially with a bamboo sieve)

(figurative) careful examination; careful selection


birus

Borrowed from Spanish virus, from Latin vīrus. Recently loaned from English virus but read as spelled. Doublet of bisa and virus.


bimbin

bimbín (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
binbin (alternative)


bihilya

Borrowed from Spanish vigilia, from Latin vigilia. Doublet of bisilya.


bihilante

Borrowed from Spanish vigilante, from Latin vigilāns. Doublet of vigilante.

vigilante; watchman; member of a vigilance committee


bakol

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bakul (“kind of basket made of woven bamboo strips”). Compare Tausug bakul, Javanese ꦮꦏꦸꦭ꧀ (wakul), and Malay bakul.

inh

four-cornered, shallow bamboo basket with wide, round opening (generally carried on the head of vendors selling fish or vegetable)


bakterya

Borrowed from Spanish bacteria, from New Latin bacteria, plural of bactērium, from Ancient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion).


bagbag

From Proto-Philippine *bagbág, possibly from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀbaʀ.

change to sympathetic feeling; condition of being moved to sympathy


baguntao

ᜊᜄᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜂ (Baybayin)
bagong tauo (alternative)
bagongtawo (alternative obsolete)
bagong-tawo (alternative)
bagong-tao (alternative)

From bago (“new”) + -n- + tao (“person”).


balaid

balaíd (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜁᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
bulaid (alternative)

[bɐ.lɐˈʔɪd̪̚]


ragat

[ˈɾaː.ɣɐt̪̚]


balintataw

tl-noun

balintatáw (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜆᜏ᜔)

balintatáw (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜆᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)
balintatao (alternative dialectal)
balintatauo (alternative)
balintatawo (alternative obsolete)

Derived from Proto-Philippine *tau-tau (“pupil (eye)”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tau tau, from Proto-Austronesian *Cau Cau (“pupil of the eye”), reduplication of *Cau (“person”). Compare Ilocano tao-tao, Kapampangan telataung-mata /balintatau, Bikol Central alintataw /tatawo, Cebuano tawo-tawo, and Tausug tau-tau mata.

der

pupil (hole in the middle of the iris of the eye)


balintunay

tl-noun

balintunay (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜈᜌ᜔)

ᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜈᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


baynilya

ᜊᜌ᜔ᜈᜒᜎ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
banila (alternative)
banilya (alternative)
baynila (alternative)


banoglawin

banoglawin (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜈᜓᜄ᜔ᜎᜏᜒᜈ᜔)

ᜊᜈᜓᜄ᜔ᜎᜏᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
banoglauin (alternative)

From banog (“eagle”) + lawin (“hawk”), literally “hawk-eagle”. The first element banog is possibly borrowed from a Visayan language like Cebuano or inherited from Proto-Philippine *banuʀ. Compare banoy.


bangkuta

bangkutà (canonical)
ᜊᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜆ (Baybayin)
bangcota (alternative)
bancota (alternative)
bangkota (alternative)
bankuta (alternative obsolete)

[bɐŋˈkuː.t̪ɐʔ]

coral reef or rock just below water level


bangkete

[bɐŋˈkɛː.t̪ɛ]


barberya

barberyá (canonical)
ᜊᜇ᜔ᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
barberia (alternative)
barberiya (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish barbería, or analytically barbero + -erya.


batsilyer

tl-noun

batsilyér (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜒᜇ᜔)

batsilyér (canonical)
ᜊᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish bachiller, from French bachelier.


beho

Borrowed from Spanish viejo. The derogatory sense is from an ellipsis of Intsik beho, which itself is an ellipsis of Intsik beho, tulo laway.

(colloquial, offensive) old; decrepit person (especially of a Chinese man)


sabi-sabi

sabi-sabi or sabí-sabí (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜊᜒᜐᜊᜒ)

sabi-sabi (canonical)
sabí-sabí (canonical)
ᜐᜊᜒᜐᜊᜒ (Baybayin)
sabisabi (alternative)

[sɐˌbɪ sɐˈbɪ]

[sɐˌbɛ sɐˈbɛ]


sabisabi

sábisábi or sabisabí (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜊᜒᜐᜊᜒ)

sábisábi (canonical)
sabisabí (canonical)
ᜐᜊᜒᜐᜊᜒ (Baybayin)


arkeolohiya

arkeolohiya (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇ᜔ᜃᜒᜌᜓᜎᜓᜑᜒᜌ)

ᜀᜇ᜔ᜃᜒᜌᜓᜎᜓᜑᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
arkeyolohiya (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish arqueología, from Ancient Greek ἀρχαιολογία (arkhaiología).


lilim

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lidəm (“dark in color or from the absence of light”).

inh

shade; shadow (especially made by objects such as trees, houses, mountains, etc.)


gatang

chupa (unit of grain measure of approximately 375 mL, one-eighth of a ganta)


pandikit

pandikít (canonical)
ᜉᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜃᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

[pɐn̪.d̪ɪˈxɪt̪̚]


dalahik

break of water upon the shore; thinning of waves upon the shore


dagok

hard blow with the fist (especially on the nape or upper part of the back)

(figurative) sudden calamity; blow; setback


dalubhayop

tl-noun

dalubhayop (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜑᜌᜓᜉ᜔)

ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜑᜌᜓᜉ᜔ (Baybayin)


dalub-ibon

dalúb-ibon (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜁᜊᜓᜈ᜔)

dalúb-ibon (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜁᜊᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


dalub-isip

dalúb-isip (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜁᜐᜒᜉ᜔)

dalúb-isip (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜁᜐᜒᜉ᜔ (Baybayin)


dalub-ulnong

dalub-ulnóng (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜂᜎ᜔ᜈᜓᜅ᜔)

dalub-ulnóng (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜂᜎ᜔ᜈᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


dalubbanwa

dalubbanwá (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜊᜈ᜔ᜏ)

dalubbanwá (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜊᜈ᜔ᜏ (Baybayin)


dalublahi

dalublahì (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜎᜑᜒ (Baybayin)


dalub-isdaan

dalúb-isdaan (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜁᜐ᜔ᜇᜀᜈ᜔)

dalúb-isdaan (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜁᜐ᜔ᜇᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


dalub-isda

dalúb-isdâ (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜁᜐ᜔ᜇ)

dalúb-isdâ (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜁᜐ᜔ᜇ (Baybayin)


dalubkulisapan

dalubkulisapán (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜐᜉᜈ᜔)

dalubkulisapán (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜐᜉᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


dalubkulisap

dalubkulisap (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜐᜉ᜔)

ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜐᜉ᜔ (Baybayin)


dalubkabibihan

dalubkabibihán (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜃᜊᜒᜊᜒᜑᜈ᜔)

dalubkabibihán (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜃᜊᜒᜊᜒᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


hapag-kainan

hapág-kainán (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜁᜈᜈ᜔)

hapág-kainán (canonical)
ᜑᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜁᜈᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
hapagkainan (alternative)


tanghaling-tapat

tanghaling-tapát (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜅ᜔ᜑᜎᜒᜅ᜔ᜆᜉᜆ᜔)

tanghaling-tapát (canonical)
ᜆᜅ᜔ᜑᜎᜒᜅ᜔ᜆᜉᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

[t̪ɐŋˌhaː.lɪn̪ t̪ɐˈpat̪̚]

From tanghali + -ng- + tapat, literally “straight up noon”.

compound

Sa tanghaling-tapat kami kumakain ng tanghalian.


tauhan

[t̪ɐˈʔuː.hɐn̪]


kabungguang-balikat

tl-noun

kábunggúang-balíkat (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜊᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜓᜀᜅ᜔ᜊᜎᜒᜃᜆ᜔)

kábunggúang-balíkat (canonical)
ᜃᜊᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜓᜀᜅ᜔ᜊᜎᜒᜃᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ˌkaː.bʊŋˌɡuː.ʔɐm bɐˈliː.xɐt̪̚]

From kabungguan + -g- + balikat, literally “one who bumps shoulders with”.


dagang-puti

tl-noun

dagáng-putî (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜄᜅ᜔ᜉᜓᜆᜒ)

dagáng-putî (canonical)
ᜇᜄᜅ᜔ᜉᜓᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
dagang puti (alternative)

[d̪ɐˌɣam pʊˈt̪ɪʔ]

From daga (“mouse”) + -ng- + puti (“white”).


almete

[ʔɐlˈmɛː.t̪ɛ]

Borrowed from Spanish almete, from Old French healmet, ultimately from Germanic origin. Doublet of helmet.


bulong-ita

ᜊᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔ᜁᜆ (Baybayin)
bolong aeta (alternative)
bolongeta (alternative)
bulong-aeta (alternative)
bulong-ayta (alternative)
bulung-ayta (alternative)
bulung-ita (alternative)

medium-sized tree with oblong leaves with fascicled flowers and subellipsoid fruit (Diospyros pilosanthera)


dama de-notse

dama de-notse (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜋ ᜇᜒᜈᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒ)

ᜇᜋ ᜇᜒᜈᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒ (Baybayin)
dama-de-notse (alternative)
dama de noche (alternative)

[ˌd̪aː.mɐ d̪ɛ ˈn̪oː.t͡ʃɛ]

Borrowed from Spanish dama de noche (literally “lady of the night”).

bor+

Cestrum nocturnum
Wikispecies:Cestrum nocturnum

night-blooming cestrum (Cestrum nocturnum)


daong

daóng (canonical)
ᜇᜂᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
dauong (alternative)
davong (alternative)
dawong (alternative obsolete)

From earlier dawong. Compare Ilocano daong, Kapampangan daung, and Bikol Central dahong. See also Central Tagbanwa dong, Waray-Waray adyong, Tausug adjung, and Javanese ꦗꦺꦴꦁ (jong).


daong

daóng (canonical)
daong (canonical)
ᜇᜂᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)

Corruption of duong due to closely related meaning with daong (“large ship”).


dampi

dampî (canonical)
ᜇᜋ᜔ᜉᜒ (Baybayin)
rampi (alternative)

dab; light, gentle touch (of cloth, wind, etc.)

light and gentle application (of medicine, etc.)


dikit-dikit

tl-noun

dikít-dikít (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜃᜒᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜃᜒᜆ᜔)

dikít-dikít (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜃᜒᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜃᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɪˌxɪt̪ d̪ɪˈxɪt̪̚]

Desmodium gangeticum
Desmodium gangeticum#Translingual


mandarambong

mandarambóng (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜈ᜔ᜇᜇᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜅ᜔)

mandarambóng (canonical)
ᜋᜈ᜔ᜇᜇᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
mandadambong (alternative)

From man- + dambong with partial reduplication of the root.


siyampu

ᜐᜒᜌᜋ᜔ᜉᜓ (Baybayin)
syampu (alternative)
shampoo (alternative)

Borrowed from English shampoo, from Hindi चाँपो (cā̃po) from the Sanskrit verb चपयति (capayati, “to pound, knead”).

shampoo (product for washing the hair or other fibres)


dayuhan

dayuhán (canonical)
ᜇᜌᜓᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
rayuhan (alternative)

time period during which people usually immigrate


mananakop

From man- + sakop, with partial reduplication.


palikuran

pálikúran (canonical)
ᜉᜎᜒᜃᜓᜇᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


mababang kapulungan

mababang kapulungán (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜊᜅ᜔ ᜃᜉᜓᜎᜓᜅᜈ᜔)

mababang kapulungán (canonical)
ᜋᜊᜊᜅ᜔ ᜃᜉᜓᜎᜓᜅᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Compound of mababa + kapulungan, a calque of Spanish cámara baja.

House of Representatives
House of Representatives

(strictly) House of Representatives of the Philippines


dekana

female equivalent of dekano: female dean; deaness (university official)


isnab

snobbery; looking down at others with arrogance (usually by ignoring people)

absence from a meeting, gathering, or assembly


dekwat

(slang) snatching in secret; stealing without someone's knowledge; pilfering


diyalekto

ᜇᜒᜌᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)
dialekto (alternative dated)
dayalekto (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish dialecto, from Latin dialectos, from Ancient Greek διάλεκτος (diálektos). Doublet of dayalek.


diyalogo

diyálogó (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜌᜎᜓᜄᜓ (Baybayin)
dialogo (alternative)
dyalogo (alternative)
dayalogo (alternative)


demostrasyon

demostrasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜋᜓᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

demostrasyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜋᜓᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
demonstrasyon (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish demostración, from Latin dēmōnstrātiō.

demonstration; showing of something to the public

public display of group opinion (such as a protest march)


dentisteriya

dentisteriya (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜒᜌ)

ᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
dentisterya (alternative)
dentisteria (alternative)

[d̪ɛn̪.t̪ɪs.t̪ɛˈɾiː.ɐ]


subsidiya

subsidiya or subsídiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜊ᜔ᜐᜒᜇᜒᜌ)

subsidiya (canonical)
subsídiyá (canonical)
ᜐᜓᜊ᜔ᜐᜒᜇᜒᜌ (Baybayin)

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English subsidy, influenced by Spanish -ía.


chismis

ᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


destinasyon

tl-noun

destinasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜈᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

destinasyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜈᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
distinasyon (alternative)


deskripsiyon

deskripsiyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜉ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

deskripsiyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜉ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
deskripsyon (alternative)
diskripsiyon (alternative)


diksiyonaryo

diksiyonaryo (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)
diksionario (alternative dated)
diksiyunaryo (alternative)
diksyunaryo (alternative)
diksyonaryo (alternative)


diktadura

ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜆᜇᜓᜇ (Baybayin)
diktadurya (alternative)

[d̪ɪk.t̪ɐˈd̪uː.ɾɐ]


tigyawat

[t̪ɪɡˈjaː.wɐt̪̚]


diperensiya

diperénsiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜉᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ)

diperénsiyá (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜉᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
diperensya (alternative)
diprensya (alternative)
diprensiya (alternative)

[d̪ɪ.pɛˈɾɛn̪.ʃɐ]

[d̪ɪpˈɾɛn̪.ʃɐ]

defect; imperfection; mechanical trouble

illness; indisposition (either physical or mental)


akyatan

tool used to go up a place (such as ladders, staircases, etc.)

simultaneous ascending; simultaneous climbing (of people, animals, etc.)


dikyam

dikyám (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜌᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)
dikiyam (alternative)
dikiam (alternative)
likyam (alternative obsolete)
likiam (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Hokkien 李鹹 /李咸 (lí-kiâm, “plum preserves”), with the initial pronounced as an [l̪] changed to ⟨D⟩ due to [l̪]~[d̪] allophony when the next vowel is either [i], [e], or [u] in Hokkien.


kasabihan

kasabihán (canonical)
ᜃᜐᜊᜒᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From sabi + ka- -an. Compare Kapampangan kasebian.


pasyal

→ Tausug: pasiyal


habonera

ᜑᜊᜓᜈᜒᜇ (Baybayin)
habunera (alternative)


sabong panlaba

tl-noun

sabóng panlabá (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜊᜓᜅ᜔ ᜉᜈ᜔ᜎᜊ)

sabóng panlabá (canonical)
ᜐᜊᜓᜅ᜔ ᜉᜈ᜔ᜎᜊ (Baybayin)


oligarka

Borrowed from Spanish oligarca, from Late Latin oligarcha, from Ancient Greek ὀλιγάρχης (oligárkhēs).


oligopolyo

oligopolyo (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜎᜒᜄᜓᜉᜓᜎ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜂᜎᜒᜄᜓᜉᜓᜎ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


monopolyo

monopolyo (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜈᜓᜉᜓᜎ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜋᜓᜈᜓᜉᜓᜎ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish monopolio, from Latin monopolĭum.


labaw

Borrowed from Sanskrit लाभ (lābha, “profit”), according to Potet (2016). Compare Malay laba, Indonesian laba, and Cebuano labaw.


opasidad

Borrowed from Spanish opacidad, from Latin monopolĭum.


opertoryo

tl-noun

opertoryo (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜂᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)
Opertoryo (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish ofertorio, from Latin offertōrium.

offertory (offering of sacramental bread and wine in a church service)

offertory (part of church service where offerings are collected)


ordenansa

ᜂᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜈᜈ᜔ᜐ (Baybayin)
ordinansa (alternative)


leksikograpo

leksikógrapó (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜃᜓᜄ᜔ᜇᜉᜓ)

leksikógrapó (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜃᜓᜄ᜔ᜇᜉᜓ (Baybayin)


leksikograpiya

leksikograpiya (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜃᜓᜄ᜔ᜇᜉᜒᜌ)

ᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜃᜓᜄ᜔ᜇᜉᜒᜌ (Baybayin)


diglap

(physics, neologism) radio (as a technical prefix)


diyametro

diyámetró or diyametro (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜌᜋᜒᜆ᜔ᜇᜓ)

diyámetró (canonical)
diyametro (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜌᜋᜒᜆ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
diametro (alternative)
dyametro (alternative)

[ˌd͡ʒaː.mɛˈt̪ɾo]

[d͡ʒɐˈmɛː.t̪ɾo]

Borrowed from Spanish diámetro, from Latin diametrus, from Ancient Greek διάμετρος (diámetros).


orkid

[ˈʔoɾ.kɪd̪̚]

Borrowed from English orchid, from New Latin Orchideae, Orchidaceae, an irregular formation from Latin orchis, from Ancient Greek ὄρχις (órkhis, “orchid, testicle”). Doublet of orkidyas.


kautusan

kautusang bayan


depresasyon

tl-noun

depresasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜐᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

depresasyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜐᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish depreciación, with change of -ciación to -sasyon (cf. asosasyon, negosasyon) in effort to pronounce two consecutive syllables with /sj/.

(economics) depreciation (decline in value)


pasword

ᜉᜐ᜔ᜏᜓᜇ᜔ᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
password (alternative)


silig

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sələg (“flowing water, current”). Compare Bikol Central sulog, Cebuano sulog, Agutaynen teleg, Maranao seleg, and Tausug sūg.

inh

foam and other kinds of dirt from the sea


diplomatiko

tl-noun

diplomátikó (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜉ᜔ᜎᜓᜋᜆᜒᜃᜓ)

diplomátikó (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜉ᜔ᜎᜓᜋᜆᜒᜃᜓ (Baybayin)


dinastiya

ᜇᜒᜈᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
dinastia (alternative dated)

Borrowed from Spanish dinastía (“dynasty”), from Ancient Greek δυναστεία (dunasteía).


dinosawro

ᜇᜒᜈᜓᜐᜏ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
dinosauro (alternative)

Either borrowed from Spanish dinosauro, or a pseudo-Hispanism, from English dinosaur, since the general Spanish word is dinosaurio.


dinsol

Superseded, pre-1977 spelling of dingsol.


luntidinsol

tl-noun

luntidinsól (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜎ᜔)

luntidinsól (canonical)
ᜎᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


dilawdinsol

diláwdinsól (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜎᜏ᜔ᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜎ᜔)

diláwdinsól (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜎᜏ᜔ᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


pekulyaridad

pekulyaridád (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜌᜇᜒᜇᜇ᜔)

pekulyaridád (canonical)
ᜉᜒᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜌᜇᜒᜇᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


pensiyon

pensiyón (canonical)
ᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
pensyon (alternative)


pensiyonado

pensiyonado (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈᜇᜓ)

ᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
pensyonado (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish pensionado. By surface analysis, pensiyon + -ado.

(historical) Filipino scholar who studied in the United States during the American colonial era

(informal, derogatory) jobless person, assumed to be lazy and is reliant on welfare


peluka

Borrowed from Spanish peluca, from French perruque.


penitensiya

peniténsiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜈᜒᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ)

peniténsiyá (canonical)
ᜉᜒᜈᜒᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
penitensya (alternative nonstandard)

[pɛ.n̪ɪˈt̪ɛn̪.ʃɐ]

(chiefly Christianity) penance; penitence


penomeno

penómenó (canonical)
ᜉᜒᜈᜓᜋᜒᜈᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish fenómeno, from Late Latin phaenomenon, from Ancient Greek φαινόμενον (phainómenon, “thing appearing to view”).


pintuan

[pɪn̪ˈt̪uː.ʔɐn̪]


sinukmani

sinukmanì (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜈᜓᜃ᜔ᜋᜈᜒ (Baybayin)


katuray

[kɐˈt̪uː.ɾaɪ̯]

From Proto-Philippine *katúday. See also Chamorro katurai.

vegetable hummingbird
vegetable hummingbird

Sesbania grandiflora
Sesbania grandiflora#Translingual

vegetable hummingbird (Sesbania grandiflora)


diyosa

ᜇᜒᜌᜓᜐ (Baybayin)
diosa (alternative dated)
dyosa (alternative)


desyerto

ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜒᜇ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)
disyerto (alternative)

[d̪ɛˈʃɛɾ.t̪o]


distansiya

tl-noun

distánsiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ)

distánsiyá (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
distansya (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish distancia, from Latin distantia.


diskuwalipikasyon

diskuwalipikasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜏᜎᜒᜉᜒᜃᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

diskuwalipikasyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜏᜎᜒᜉᜒᜃᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
diskwalipikasyon (alternative)

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English disqualification, and influenced by Spanish descalificación.


alampay

neckerchief; shawl; shoulder-kerchief (usually worn with native Filipina dress)


disipulo

disípuló (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜐᜒᜉᜓᜎᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish discípulo (“disciple”).


duguan

duguán (canonical)
ᜇᜓᜄᜓᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
dug-an (alternative obsolete)
dugan (alternative obsolete)

[d̪ʊ.ɣʊˈʔan̪]


desgrasya

tl-noun

desgrasya (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜄ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔ᜌ)

ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜄ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
disgrasya (alternative common)
disgrasiya (alternative)

[d̪ɛsˈɡɾaː.ʃɐ]

Sa ngayon, nagpapagaling pa ang iba pang sugatan sa disgrasya.

2017 September 17, Jay Dayupay, Francis Canlas, “Trak nahulog sa bangin sa South Cotabato; 20 patay”, in ABS-CBN News, archived from the original on 2019-10-20:

Currently, the wounded from the accident are still healing.


rimarim

ᜇᜒᜋᜇᜒᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)
dimarim (alternative)

[ɾɪˈmaː.ɾɪm]

disgust; nausea; loathing (especially for something dirty)


dilat

act of staring at someone (especially when angry)


talim

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tazəm, from Proto-Austronesian *Cazəm. Compare Aklanon talum, Bikol Central tarom, Hiligaynon talum, Ilocano tadem, Kapampangan taram, Makasar tarang, Malay tajam, Pangasinan tarem, Sambali tarom, West Coast Bajau torom, and Wolio tada.

cutting point (of an arrow, auger, etc.)

(figurative) sharpness; severity (of one's word or language)

(figurative) piercing quality (of one's eyes)


panhik

panhík (canonical)
ᜉᜈ᜔ᜑᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
panhic (alternative)
panik (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *panahik (“climb”). Compare Maranao panik, Malay naik, and Javanese ꦥꦺꦤꦺꦏ꧀ (pénék). See also naik.


binokulo

binókuló (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜈᜓᜃᜓᜎᜓ (Baybayin)


hulagpos

hulagpós (canonical)
ᜑᜓᜎᜄ᜔ᜉᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

breaking loose; escape (from being tied, held, etc.)

condition of being loosened or disentangled (of a knot or binding)


andap

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *andap (“phosphorescent centipede”).

inh

[ʔɐn̪ˈd̪ap̚]

flicker; shimmer (of a faint light, such as a weak candle light, etc.)


andap

[ʔɐn̪ˈd̪ap̚]


asod

asód (canonical)
ᜀᜐᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
asor (alternative)

act of participating or alternating with another in pounding cereal, usually rice, in a mortar

person that participates in such pounding

successive blows either by a hammer (such as by a blacksmith) or by fists in boxing


dausdos

dausdós (canonical)
ᜇᜂᜐ᜔ᜇᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
dausdus (alternative)
rausros (alternative)

downward slide (as on a slope or inclined surface)

sliding of a knot (that forms a running noose)


diyaryo

ᜇᜒᜌᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)
diario (alternative)
dyaryo (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish diario, from Latin diārium. Compare English diary.

Kumalat sa mga diyaryo ang balita ng krimen.

The news of the crime spread through the newspapers.


dagsa

dagsâ (canonical)
ᜇᜄ᜔ᜐ (Baybayin)
ragsa (alternative)

arrival in great numbers (of visitors, goods, etc.)

great abundance; great plentifulness (of goods in a market)

(grammar) ultimate syllabic stress (with a glottal ending)


dalumat

Sa Arasahas, maaaring iugnay ang tropiko sa dalumat ng espasyo, heograpiya, kalikasan, kultura…

2023, Jay Jomar Quintos, “Init, Alinsangan, Calor: Arasahas: Rebyu ng Arasahas, mga tula (2023) ni Jaya Jacobo”, in Maikling Review, volume 3, number 1, page 123:

On Arasahas, the tropics can be linked with the concept of space, geography, culture…


penitensya

tl-noun

penitensya (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜈᜒᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌ)

ᜉᜒᜈᜒᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)

[pɛ.n̪ɪˈt̪ɛn̪.ʃɐ]

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of penitensiya.


Kankanaey

Kankanaëy or Kankanaey (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜅ᜔ᜃᜈᜁᜌ᜔)

Kankanaëy (canonical)
Kankanaey (canonical)
ᜃᜅ᜔ᜃᜈᜁᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
Kakanay (alternative)
Kankanai (alternative)
Kankanay (alternative)
Kankanaëy (alternative)
Kankana-ey (alternative)

[kɐŋ.kɐˈn̪aː.ʔəɪ̯]

[kɐŋ.kɐˈn̪aː.ʔeɪ̯]


Kankanay

[kɐŋ.kɐˈn̪aɪ̯]


daluhong

sudden physical onslaught; sudden physical attack


daluro

dalurò or dalurô (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜇᜓ)

dalurò (canonical)
dalurô (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜓᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɐ.lʊˈɾoʔ]


magdamag

[mɐɡ.d̪ɐˈmaɡ̚]

From mag- + damag. Compare Kapampangan magdamag.


bardagol

bardagól (canonical)
ᜊᜇ᜔ᜇᜄᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


Danesa

[d̪ɐˈn̪ɛː.sɐ]

female equivalent of Danes: female Dane (person)


dedikasyon

dedikasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜃᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

dedikasyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜃᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

dedication (setting apart for a certain purpose)


dirihible

dirihible (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜑᜒᜊ᜔ᜎᜒ)

ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜑᜒᜊ᜔ᜎᜒ (Baybayin)


doktorado

Borrowed from Spanish doctorado. The adjective sense was influenced by English doctored (“falsified”).


donasyon

donasyón (canonical)
ᜇᜓᜈᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish donación, from Latin dōnātiō.


dubdob

dubdób (canonical)
ᜇᜓᜊ᜔ᜇᜓᜊ᜔ (Baybayin)
rubdob (alternative)

big blaze caused by fanning or adding more fuel


dukal

act of digging soil little by little (as with a trowel)

small hole on the ground (made by digging little by little)


kolado

(colloquial) gatecrasher; uninvited guest


dormitoryo

dormitoryo (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜇ᜔ᜋᜒᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜇᜓᜇ᜔ᜋᜒᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


dyologs

ᜇ᜔ᜌᜓᜎᜓᜄ᜔ᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
jologs (alternative common)
jolog (alternative)
jologz (alternative)

Possibly from a blend of dilis (“anchovy”) + tuyo (“dried fish”) + itlog (“egg”) + -s, food which poor people eat.

af

May mga dyologs na nakatira doon sa may estero.

Some slum youngster live by the estuary.

youngster from the slum area (usually a teenager)

Wag ka nga magulo, dyologs ka ...

Hey cut it out, you're being dyologs ...

person exhibiting the crude behavior of slum youngsters


destruksiyon

tl-noun

destruksiyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

destruksiyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
destruksyon (alternative)


emosyon

emosyón (canonical)
ᜁᜋᜓᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
emosiyon (alternative)


elegansiya

elegánsiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜎᜒᜄᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ)

elegánsiyá (canonical)
ᜁᜎᜒᜄᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
elegansya (alternative)

[ʔɛ.lɛˈɣan̪.ʃɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish elegancia, from Latin ēlegantia (“exquisiteness; refinement, elegance”).


iskultor

tl-noun

iskultór (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔)

iskultór (canonical)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of eskultor.


eskultura

eskultura (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ)

ᜁᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ (Baybayin)
iskultura (alternative)


estapador

estapadór (canonical)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜉᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
istapador (alternative)


istatwa

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of estatwa.


estatwa

ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜆ᜔ᜏ (Baybayin)
estatuwa (alternative)
istatuwa (alternative)
istatwa (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish estatua, from Latin statua.


rebulto

ᜇᜒᜊᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)
ribulto (alternative)

Possibly from Spanish de bulto (“of statue or bust”). An alternate etymology posits it to be a metathesis from Spanish retablo (“altar piece”), according to Potet (2016).


tagiliran

ᜆᜄᜒᜎᜒᜇᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
taguiliran (alternative)

[t̪ɐ.ɣɪˈliː.ɾɐn̪]

position or space near the side (of a person or thing)


polyeto

Borrowed from Spanish folleto, from Italian foglietto.


potensiyal

potensiyál (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜎ᜔)

potensiyál (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
potensyal (alternative)


potensyal

potensyál (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜎ᜔)

potensyál (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of potensiyal.


probinsiyano

probinsiyano (feminine probinsiyana, Baybayin spelling ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜈᜓ)

probinsiyana (feminine)
ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜈᜓ (Baybayin)
probinsyano (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish provinciano. By surface analysis, probinsiya + -ano.


propesyonalismo

propesyonalismo (Baybayin spelling ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)

ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ (Baybayin)


propesyon

propesyón (Baybayin spelling ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

propesyón (canonical)
ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


propesyonal

propesyonál (Baybayin spelling ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜎ᜔)

propesyonál (canonical)
ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


ulianin

ᜂᜎᜒᜀᜈᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
olianin (alternative)
uliyanin (alternative)
ulyanin (alternative)
ulilyanin (alternative)

[ʔʊ.lɪˈʔaː.n̪ɪn̪]


dalub-agimat

dalúb-agimat (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜀᜄᜒᜋᜆ᜔)

dalúb-agimat (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜀᜄᜒᜋᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɐ.lʊb.ʔɐˈɣiː.mɐt̪̚]


ebidensiya

ebidénsiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜊᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ)

ebidénsiyá (canonical)
ᜁᜊᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
ebidensya (alternative)

[ʔɛ.bɪˈd̪ɛn̪.ʃɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish evidencia, from Latin ēvidentia.


Espanyola

female equivalent of Espanyol: female Spaniard


establisimyento

establisimyento (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜊ᜔ᜎᜒᜐᜒᜋ᜔ᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜊ᜔ᜎᜒᜐᜒᜋ᜔ᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)
establesimyento (alternative)
establisimiyento (alternative)
establisyimento (alternative)

establishment (act or state of establishing)


myembro

ᜋ᜔ᜌᜒᜋ᜔ᜊ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of miyembro.


pasuguan

[pɐ.sʊˈɣuː.ʔɐn̪]


aros kaldo

arós kaldo (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜓᜐ᜔ ᜃᜎ᜔ᜇᜓ)

arós kaldo (canonical)
ᜀᜇᜓᜐ᜔ ᜃᜎ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)


arpiya

Borrowed from Spanish arpía, from Latin harpyia, from Ancient Greek ἅρπυιᾰ (hárpuiă).


arminyo

[ʔɐɾˈmiː.ɲo]


arkanghel

arkanghél or arkanghel (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇ᜔ᜃᜅ᜔ᜑᜒᜎ᜔)

arkanghél (canonical)
arkanghel (canonical)
ᜀᜇ᜔ᜃᜅ᜔ᜑᜒᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐɾ.kɐŋˈhɛl]

Borrowed from Spanish arcángel, from Late Latin archangelus, from Ancient Greek ἀρχάγγελος (arkhángelos).


Aprikano

Aprikano (feminine Aprikana, Baybayin spelling ᜀᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜃᜈᜓ)

Borrowed from Spanish africano (“African”).


Aprikana

[ʔɐ.pɾɪˈxaː.n̪ɐ]

female equivalent of Aprikano: female African


arsobispado

tl-noun

arsobispado (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇ᜔ᜐᜓᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜓ)

ᜀᜇ᜔ᜐᜓᜊᜒᜐ᜔ᜉᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish arzobispado (“archbishopric”). By surface analysis, arsobispo + -ado.

bor+

archbishopric (the rank or office of an archbishop)

archbishopric (jurisdiction of an archbishop)


kahinaan

ᜃᜑᜒᜈᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
cahinaan (alternative)


kahinaang loob

tl-noun

kahinaang loób (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜑᜒᜈᜀᜅ᜔ ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔)

kahinaang loób (canonical)
ᜃᜑᜒᜈᜀᜅ᜔ ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ (Baybayin)


kakahuyan

kakahuyán (canonical)
ᜃᜃᜑᜓᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
cacahoyan (alternative)
cacahuyan (alternative)
kahuyan (alternative)

From kahoy + ka- -an. Compare Pangasinan kakiewan and Kapampangan kakeuan.


kalakaran

kálakarán or kalakarán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜃᜇᜈ᜔)

kálakarán (canonical)
kalakarán (canonical)
ᜃᜎᜃᜇᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

customs and culture associated with a period of time or group of people


estetoskopyo

estetoskopyo (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜆᜓᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜉ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜆᜓᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜉ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish estetoscopio, from French stéthoscope. Doublet of istetoskop.


eskalador

eskaladór (canonical)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜃᜎᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English escalator, influenced by Spanish escalador (“climber”). See eskaleytor.


enerhiya

[ʔɛ.n̪ɛɾˈhiː.ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish energía (“energy”), from Latin energīa, from Ancient Greek ἐνέργεια (enérgeia).


engkuwentro

tl-noun

engkuwentro (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓ)

ᜁᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
enkuwentro (alternative)
engkwentro (alternative)

[ʔɛŋˈkwɛn̪.t̪ɾo]


empatso

ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜆ᜔ᜐᜓ (Baybayin)
impatso (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish empacho (“blockage of the stomach”).


pustahan

From pusta + -han, root word from Spanish apostar.


armadilyo

tl-noun

armadilyo (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇ᜔ᜋᜇᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜀᜇ᜔ᜋᜇᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


apritada

ᜀᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜆᜇ (Baybayin)
afritada (alternative)

[ʔɐ.pɾɪˈt̪aː.d̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish a fritada (“in a fried style; prepared in a skillet atop a fire”).

bor+

afritada (Philippine dish consisting of chicken, beef, or pork braised in tomato sauce)


ebanghelista

tl-noun

ebanghelista (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜊᜅ᜔ᜑᜒᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜁᜊᜅ᜔ᜑᜒᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish evangelista, from Old Spanish euangelista, from Latin evangelista, from Ancient Greek εὐαγγελιστής (euangelistḗs).

der

εὐαγγελιστής


ebolusyon

tl-noun

ebolusyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜊᜓᜎᜓᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

ebolusyón (canonical)
ᜁᜊᜓᜎᜓᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
ebulusyon (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish evolución, from French évolution, from Latin ēvolūtiōnem (“unrolling of a book”).


putbol

ᜉᜓᜆ᜔ᜊᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
futbol (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish fútbol or ultimately from English football.


epilepsiya

tl-noun

epilépsiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜉᜒᜎᜒᜉ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ)

epilépsiyá (canonical)
ᜁᜉᜒᜎᜒᜉ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)

[ʔɛ.pɪˈlɛp.ʃɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish epilepsia, from Late Latin epilēpsia, from Ancient Greek ἐπιληψία (epilēpsía).


konsuwelo de-bobo

konsuwelo de-bobo (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜏᜒᜎᜓ ᜇᜒᜊᜓᜊᜓ)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜏᜒᜎᜓ ᜇᜒᜊᜓᜊᜓ (Baybayin)
consuelo de bobo (alternative)

From konsuwelo + Spanish de + bobo, literally, “fool's consolation”.

Ang mga serbisyo ng gobyerno: pamimigay ng kaunting pera, pabahay, mga scholarship -- consuelo de bobo 'yan kung hindi naman ito sinadyang magtagal o ipaganda ang buhay ng mas nakararami.

The services of the government: handing out some cash, housing, scholarships -- these are consolation for idiots if these aren't meant to last or better the lives of the many.

(idiomatic) false comfort; insincere comfort; mock consolation (gestures intended as band-aid solutions)


kalamba

From Proto-Northern Philippine *karamba (“water jar; container”). Compare Ilocano karamba.

wide-mouthed earthen jar (used as a container for drinking water)


kalamba

Borrowed from Malay kelembak (“agarwood”), from Old Javanese kalĕmbak (“fragrant wood”). Compare English calambac.


diskita

turning of one's blame, anger, retaliation, etc. (usually at someone who is innocent)


diskubre

diskubré (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜊ᜔ᜇᜒ (Baybayin)
deskobre (alternative)
deskubri (alternative)
diskubri (alternative)
diskobri (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish descubrir, from Late Latin discoperīre < discooperīre.


garbansos

tl-noun

garbansos (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜇ᜔ᜊᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜐ᜔)

ᜄᜇ᜔ᜊᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
garabansos (alternative)
grabansos (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish garbanzos, plural of garbanzo (“chickpea”).


alalawa

álalawà (canonical)
ᜀᜎᜎᜏ (Baybayin)
anlalawa (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lawaq. Doublet of lawa. Compare Bikol Central lawa, Butuanon lawa, Tausug lawa', Waray-Waray lawa and Malay labah-labah.


magbabalot

magbabalót (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄ᜔ᜊᜊᜎᜓᜆ᜔)

magbabalót (canonical)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜊᜊᜎᜓᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)


magbibigas

magbibigas or magbibigás (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄ᜔ᜊᜒᜊᜒᜄᜐ᜔)

magbibigas (canonical)
magbibigás (canonical)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜊᜒᜊᜒᜄᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

From mag- + bigas (“uncooked rice”), from an initial reduplication of bigas.


magbobote

magboboté (canonical)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜊᜓᜊᜓᜆᜒ (Baybayin)

From mag- + bote (“bottle”), with reduplication of the first syllable of the root.

person who collects and sells bottles for a living


maghapon

one whole day, from morning till afternoon


mag-ina

[mɐɡ.ʔɪˈn̪a]

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *maʀ-ina. By surface analysis, mag- + ina (“mother”).


magkakarne

tl-noun

magkakarné (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄ᜔ᜃᜃᜇ᜔ᜈᜒ)

magkakarné (canonical)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜃᜃᜇ᜔ᜈᜒ (Baybayin)

[mɐɡ.kɐ.xɐɾˈn̪ɛ]

From mag- + karne (“meat”) with partial reduplication.


maglalako

maglalakò (canonical)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜎᜎᜃᜓ (Baybayin)

From mag- + lako (“to peddle; to hawk”).


magnanay

[mɐɡˈn̪aː.n̪aɪ̯]


magnesyo

[mɐɡˈn̪ɛː.ʃo]


magnipayer

magnipayer (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄ᜔ᜈᜒᜉᜌᜒᜇ᜔)

ᜋᜄ᜔ᜈᜒᜉᜌᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


magnipikador

magnipikadór (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄ᜔ᜈᜒᜉᜒᜃᜇᜓᜇ᜔)

magnipikadór (canonical)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜈᜒᜉᜒᜃᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


mahistrado

mahistrado (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜑᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜇᜓ)

ᜋᜑᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish magistrado (“magistrate; judge”), from Latin magistrātus.

bor+

justice (judge of certain courts); magistrate


mamamangka

mámamangkâ (canonical)
ᜋᜋᜋᜅ᜔ᜃ (Baybayin)

From mam- + bangka (“boat”), with initial reduplication.


mambabatas

From mam- + batas (“law”), with partial reduplication.


mamamahayag

mámamahayág (canonical)
ᜋᜋᜋᜑᜌᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)

From mam- + pahayag, with initial reduplication.


malaking titik

tl-noun

malakíng titik (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜃᜒᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜆᜒᜃ᜔)

malakíng titik (canonical)
ᜋᜎᜃᜒᜅ᜔ ᜆᜒᜆᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)

From malaki + -ng + titik, literally “big letter”.


malayang taludturan

tl-noun

malayang taludturan (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜌᜅ᜔ ᜆᜎᜓᜇ᜔ᜆᜓᜇᜈ᜔)

ᜋᜎᜌᜅ᜔ ᜆᜎᜓᜇ᜔ᜆᜓᜇᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From malaya + -ng + taludturan. Calque of Spanish verso libre.


kakilala

ᜃᜃᜒᜎᜎ (Baybayin)
caquilala (alternative)


kalagitnaan

kalagitnaan (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜈᜀᜈ᜔)

ᜃᜎᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜈᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
calaguitnaan (alternative)

[kɐ.lɐ.ɣɪt̪ˈn̪aː.ʔɐn̪]

From gitna + kala- -an. Can also be analyzed as kalagitna + -an. Possibly from kagitnaan + -*al-.

kalagitnaan ng daan

kalagitnaan ng giyera


kalambre

Borrowed from Spanish calambre, from French crampe.


kalamunding

kalamundíng (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜅ᜔)

kalamundíng (canonical)
ᜃᜎᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
calamunding (alternative)
kalamondin (alternative)

→ Hiligaynon: kalamunding

Citrus × microcarpa
Citrus × microcarpa#Translingual

Citrofortunella mitis
Citrofortunella mitis

calamondin; calamansi (Citrus × microcarpa, ×Citrofortunella mitis)


gawangan

[ɡɐˈwaː.ŋɐn̪]


luha ng buwaya

luhà ng buwaya (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜑ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜏᜌ)

luhà ng buwaya (canonical)
ᜎᜓᜑ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜏᜌ (Baybayin)


bukong-bukungan

bukong-bukungan (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜃᜓᜅ᜔ᜊᜓᜃᜓᜅᜈ᜔)

ᜊᜓᜃᜓᜅ᜔ᜊᜓᜃᜓᜅᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
bukungbukungan (alternative)


kabayong-dagat

kabayong-dagat (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜊᜌᜓᜅ᜔ᜇᜄᜆ᜔)

ᜃᜊᜌᜓᜅ᜔ᜇᜄᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

From kabayo + -ng- + dagat, a calque of English sea horse.


mamamakyaw

mámamakyáw (canonical)
ᜋᜋᜋᜃ᜔ᜌᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)

From mam- + pakyaw, with initial reduplication of the root word.


mambobola

From mam- + bola (“bluff; flattery”) with initial reduplication.


konsentidor

konsentidór (feminine konsentidora, Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜓᜇ᜔)

konsentidór (canonical)
konsentidora (feminine)
ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
kunsintidor (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish consentidor, or analytically konsenti + -dor.

conniver; person with authority who allows wrong, unjustified, or immoral acts

(by extension) father who pampers or spoils their children


manginginom

mángingínom (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜅᜒᜅᜒᜈᜓᜋ᜔)

mángingínom (canonical)
ᜋᜅᜒᜅᜒᜈᜓᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

From mang- + inom with partial reduplication.


konsiyensiya

konsiyénsiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ)

konsiyénsiyá (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
konsensiya (alternative)
konsensya (alternative)
konsyensya (alternative)

[kon̪ˈʃɛn̪.ʃɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish conciencia, from Latin cōnscientia, calque of Ancient Greek συνείδησις (suneídēsis).


manliligaw

tl-noun

manliligaw (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜈ᜔ᜎᜒᜎᜒᜄᜏ᜔)

ᜋᜈ᜔ᜎᜒᜎᜒᜄᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)

From man- + ligaw with initial reduplication.


kobrador

kobradór (feminine kobradora, Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜊ᜔ᜇᜇᜓᜇ᜔)

kobradór (canonical)
kobradora (feminine)
ᜃᜓᜊ᜔ᜇᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
kubrador (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish cobrador. By surface analysis, kobra (“act of collecting debts”) + -dor.

surf

BINULAHAW ang tulog ko ng napakaagang kubrador ni Mr. Miyera, ang pinagkakautangan ni Mrs. Cons ng napakalaking halaga; ang pera ay nagasta sa nawalan ng kabuluhang pagpapagamot sa yumaong Mr. Cons.

An early debt collector by Mr. Miyera, whom Mr. Constantino has indebted a huge amount to, disturbed my sleep; the money were spent in non-essential health care for the now-deceased Mr. Cons.

Mas marami ngayon ang kobrador at dumami ang kabo; lumaki ang kita, dumami ang taya o tumataya kahit may implasyon, at lalong lumaki ang suhol sa mga lokal na opisyal ng gobyerno, sa mga pulis at provincial commander , sa mga ...

2005, Sawikaan 2005: mga salita ng taon, UP Press, →ISBN, page 11:

There are more bet collectors and also the chief collectors; more income is flowing in, bets or bettors increased despite inflation, and bribes to local government officials, the police and the provincial commander, etc. increased.

(gambling) bet collector (esp. in jueteng)


gantso

act of hooking (to pick up, get, or take something)


gasgas

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gasgas (“rub, abrade”).

inh

portion of an object that was scraped, made thin, or worn out (due to friction or constant use)

act of applying friction to make an object scraped, made thin, or worn out (due to friction or constant use)


kodigo-penal

tl-noun

kódigó-penál (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇᜒᜄᜓᜉᜒᜈᜎ᜔)

kódigó-penál (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇᜒᜄᜓᜉᜒᜈᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


kodigo sibil

kódigó sibíl (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇᜒᜄᜓ ᜐᜒᜊᜒᜎ᜔)

kódigó sibíl (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇᜒᜄᜓ ᜐᜒᜊᜒᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


komentarista

komentarista (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)


Kristiyano

Kristiyano (Baybayin spelling ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜌᜈᜓ)

ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜌᜈᜓ (Baybayin)
Cqiriſtiano (alternative)
Quiristiano (alternative)
Kiristiyano (alternative obsolete)
Kristyano (alternative nonstandard)


krusipiho

krusipiho (Baybayin spelling ᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜐᜒᜉᜒᜑᜓ)

ᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜐᜒᜉᜒᜑᜓ (Baybayin)


kubrekama

ᜃᜓᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜃᜋ (Baybayin)
kobrekama (alternative nonstandard)


coliglig

ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜄ᜔ᜎᜒᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)

obsolete spelling of kuliglig (“cicada”)


colasisi

obsolete spelling of kulasisi (“Philippine hanging parrot”)


kronolohiya

kronolohiya (Baybayin spelling ᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜈᜓᜎᜓᜑᜒᜌ)

ᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜈᜓᜎᜓᜑᜒᜌ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish cronología, from New Latin chronologia, from Ancient Greek χρονολογία (khronología).


krisantemo

krisantemo (Baybayin spelling ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜐᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜋᜓ)

ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜐᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜋᜓ (Baybayin)


kumbensyon

kumbensyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

kumbensyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of kumbensiyon.


koreograpiya

koreograpiya (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇᜒᜌᜓᜄ᜔ᜇᜉᜒᜌ)

ᜃᜓᜇᜒᜌᜓᜄ᜔ᜇᜉᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
koreograpya (alternative)
koryograpya (alternative)


kontador

kontadór (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
kuntador (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish contador. Doublet of kompiyuter.

meter (such as electricity meters, gas meters and water meters)

numerator; automatic counter; counting machine

table or sales counter; desk (in a store or business office)


kontestant

kontestant (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

(law) contestant (one who brings a legal challenge)


koredor

broker (mediator between buyer and seller)


akrostik

akrostik (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜃ᜔)

ᜀᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from English acrostic, from Middle French acrostiche, acrostique (“acrostic”), from Late Latin acrostichis, from Ancient Greek ἀκροστιχίς (akrostikhís). Doublet of akrostiko.


kostado

ᜃᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
kustado (alternative)


korupsiyon

korupsiyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇᜓᜉ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

korupsiyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇᜓᜉ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
korapsiyon (alternative)
korapsyon (alternative)
korupsyon (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish corrupción, from Latin corruptiō.

Di sila ang sanhi ng korupsiyon. Sumasakay lamang sila sa korupsiyon. Si Tan Siok , ang tauhang Tsino sa kuwentong Kopra ni Miguel C. Arguelles ay may-ari ng isang bodega. Sa madaling sabi y isa siyang komprador.

1987, Tulay: Literary Journal of the World News:

They're not the cause of corruption. They're only going with the flow. Tan Siok, the Chinese in the story "Kopra" by Miguel C. Arguelles, is the owner of a warehouse. In short, he's a bulk buyer.

Ang ating kalaban ay ang kanser ng korupsiyon na parang anay na walang kabusugan kung gumapang at manira sa dangal ng bawat kawani ng gobyerno.

2007, Bobby M. Tuazon, Dissecting Corruption: Philippine Perspectives:

Our enemy is the cancer of corruption which is like termites that do not stop on crawling and destroying the reputation of every government official.


tawa-tawa

Euphorbia hirta (pantropical weed, widely used as a medicinal herb)

Grammathophyllum scriptum (a species of orchid)


gatas-gatas

gatas-gatas (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜆᜐ᜔ᜄᜆᜐ᜔)

ᜄᜆᜐ᜔ᜄᜆᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
gatasgatas (alternative)

[ˌɡaː.t̪ɐs ˈɡaː.t̪ɐs]

Euphorbia hirta
Wikispecies:Euphorbia hirta


kondisyoner

kondísyonér (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜒᜇ᜔)

kondísyonér (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

conditioner (anything that improves the condition of something)

(sports) conditioner (someone who trains athletes)


konsulado

Borrowed from Spanish consulado, from Latin cōnsulātus.


kunsumo

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of konsumo.


deskuwento

deskuwento (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)
deskwento (alternative)
diskwento (alternative)
diskuwento (alternative)


palansak

From pa- + lansak. Coined by Lope K. Santos.


pangngalang palansak

pangngalang palansák (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜅ᜔ᜅᜎᜅ᜔ ᜉᜎᜈ᜔ᜐᜃ᜔)

pangngalang palansák (canonical)
ᜉᜅ᜔ᜅᜎᜅ᜔ ᜉᜎᜈ᜔ᜐᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)


paggatas

[pɐɡˈɡaː.t̪ɐs]


iskandalo

iskándaló (canonical)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜃᜈ᜔ᜇᜎᜓ (Baybayin)


iskaparate

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of eskaparate.


istapador

istapadór (canonical)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜉᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of estapador.


kumedyante

kumedyante (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ)

ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of komedyante.


kumedya

[kʊˈmɛː.d͡ʒɐ]

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of komedya.


kombensiyon

kombensiyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

kombensiyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of kumbensiyon.


kumunista

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of komunista.


kumunismo

kumunismo (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)

ᜃᜓᜋᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of komunismo.


pulitika

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of politika.


elektromagneto

elektromagneto (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓᜋᜄ᜔ᜈᜒᜆᜓ)

ᜁᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓᜋᜄ᜔ᜈᜒᜆᜓ (Baybayin)

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English electromagnet, influenced by Spanish magneto. The proper corresponding Spanish word is Spanish electroimán.


komunyon

komunyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
kumunyon (alternative)


kumunyon

kumunyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of komunyon.


kondimento

tl-noun

kondimento (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)


koneksiyon

koneksiyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

koneksiyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜈᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
koneksyon (alternative)
kuneksyon (alternative)
kuneksiyon (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish conexión, from Latin conexiōnem.

connection (act or condition of connecting)

connection; junction; joint (point at which two or more objects are joined)

connection (established transportation or communication link)


kuneksyon

kuneksyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈᜒᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

kuneksyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜈᜒᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of kuneksiyon.


konserbatoryo

konserbatoryo (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜇ᜔ᜊᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜇ᜔ᜊᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


konserbatismo

konserbatismo (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜇ᜔ᜊᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜇ᜔ᜊᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ (Baybayin)


konserbatibo

konserbatibo (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜇ᜔ᜊᜆᜒᜊᜓ)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜇ᜔ᜊᜆᜒᜊᜓ (Baybayin)

Nahati ang Kongreso sa dalawa: ang mga konserbatibo, sa isang panig, at ang mga radikal na lider at unyonista sa kabila.

1995, Dante G. Guevarra, Manggagawa sa kasaysayan, Rex Bookstore, Inc., →ISBN, page 67:

Congress was split between conservatives on one side, and the radical leaders and unionists on the other.


tubig gripo

tubig gripo (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔ ᜄ᜔ᜇᜒᜉᜓ)

ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔ ᜄ᜔ᜇᜒᜉᜓ (Baybayin)


komadrona

ᜃᜓᜋᜇ᜔ᜇᜓᜈ (Baybayin)
kumadrona (alternative)

1992, Cultural Center of the Philippines, Unang tagpo: kalipunan ng mga dulang rehyunal sa pambansang pistang pandulaa, Not Avail
Pero kung malaki na ang tiyan mo, maraming kumadrona sa amin. Ako lang, kaya kitang paanakin. Dati yatang kumadrona ang ima ko. Ang tawag nga sa ima ko nuon (titingin sa paligid) kumadrona ng mga Huk.

Makikitang ang pagtuturo ng isang guro ay itinulad sa isang kumadronang nagpapaanak.

year unknown, Kawil Ii' 2002 Ed., Rex Bookstore, Inc., page 108

Pero naobliga si Nes na tumulong sa kumadrona. Kailangang magpakulo ngtubig , kailangang humanap ng lugar na mapagbabaunan sa inunan... na hindi madaling gawin kung ang palibot mo ay alinman sa sementado o burak.

2004, Lualhati Bautista, Hugot sa sinapupunan, →ISBN:

"'Binigay lang sa 'kin 'yun nu'ng kumadrona." "Sinong kumadrona?" "'Yong pinuntahan namin." "Saan n'yo pinuntahan?" "Di ko alam, 'Te. Basta ang alam ko, sumakay kami ng dyip, bumaba kami sa Batasan...Tapos, sumakay kami ng tricycle ...

2005, Lualhati Bautista, Ang kabilang panig ng bakod:

Hb: Ang manghihilot ay nagpapaanak sa pamamagitan ng paggamit ng kamay at ngayon ay kinikilala na ng manggagamot at ng pagamutan bilang kumadrona (midwife).

2008, Aklat sa Paghihilot, Goodwill Trading Co., Inc., →ISBN:


mandadangkal

mandadangkál (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜈ᜔ᜇᜇᜅ᜔ᜃᜎ᜔)

mandadangkál (canonical)
ᜋᜈ᜔ᜇᜇᜅ᜔ᜃᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
mandarangkal (alternative)

From man- + dangkal, with initial reduplication of the first syllable of the root.


presensiya

presénsiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ)

presénsiyá (canonical)
ᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
presensya (alternative)

[pɾɛˈsɛn̪.ʃɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish presencia, from Latin praesentia.


kodipikasyon

kodipikasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇᜒᜉᜒᜃᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

kodipikasyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇᜒᜉᜒᜃᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


kompartment

kompartment (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜇ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔)

ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜇ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from English compartment. Doublet of kompartimento.

compartment (room, section, or chamber within a larger space)


kontorsiyonista

kontorsiyonista (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)
kontorsyonista (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish contorcionista, can also be analyzed as kontorsiyon + -ista.


kotilyon

kotilyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜆᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


kredensiyal

kredensiyál (Baybayin spelling ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜎ᜔)

kredensiyál (canonical)
ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
kredensyal (alternative)


labahan

utensil for washing clothes (such as a basin)


labahin

laundry (that which needs to be laundered)


kesyo

Uncertain. Possibilities include:
* From Spanish, possibly a univerbation of Spanish qué sé yo, qué es eso, or Spanish que sea. Compare Spanish eso que and Portuguese que seja.
* From Chinese, one proposal being Hokkien 家 (ke, “house”) + 事 (sū, “matters”), according to Manuel (1948). See also Hokkien 假痟 (ké-siáu, “to feign madness”).


ketsap

[ˈkɛː.t͡ʃɐp̚]

Borrowed from English ketchup, likely from Malay kicap, ultimately from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap, “pickled fish sauce”).


quilabot

obsolete spelling of kilabot (“goose bumps”)


gipit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gipit (“narrow, tight, confined”). Compare Maranao gimpit.

inh

tight situation; difficult circumstances


kiling

kilíng (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜎᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
quiling (alternative)

Bambusa vulgaris
Bambusa vulgaris#Translingual


kiling

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kiliŋ. Compare Tausug kīng.

act of turning to one side (of one's head or body)

degree of inclination of a standing object

Calliope calliope
Calliope calliope#Translingual


kiling-kawayan

tl-noun

kilíng-kawáyan (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜎᜒᜅ᜔ᜃᜏᜌᜈ᜔)

kilíng-kawáyan (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜎᜒᜅ᜔ᜃᜏᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
quiling cauayan (alternative)

From kiling + kawayan. Compare Ilocano kiling-kawayan.


kilometrahe

kilometrahe (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜎᜓᜋᜒᜆ᜔ᜇᜑᜒ)

ᜃᜒᜎᜓᜋᜒᜆ᜔ᜇᜑᜒ (Baybayin)


kinakapatid

kinákapatíd (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜈᜃᜉᜆᜒᜇ᜔)

kinákapatíd (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜈᜃᜉᜆᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

[kɪˌn̪aː.xɐ.pɐˈt̪ɪd̪̚]

From kapatid + -in- with reduplication of first syllable of root.

relation with the children of one's sponsors in baptism, confirmation or marriage; godsibling

(by extension) stepsibling; stepbrother; stepsister


kinang

kináng (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜈᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
quinang (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kiñaŋ (“quartz crystal”). Doublet of kinyang.

inh

shininess; luster; brightness; glossiness; brilliance; magnitude


Gining

ᜄᜒᜈᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
Gn. (alternative abbreviation)

(formal) form of address for a young woman: Miss; Ms. (used before a name)


gusot

crumple; crease; wrinkle; fold (in paper, cloth, etc.)

(figurative) conflict; dispute; disagreement

(figurative) trouble; confusion disorder


guniguni

guniguní (canonical)
ᜄᜓᜈᜒᜄᜓᜈᜒ (Baybayin)
guni-guni (alternative)

[ɡʊ.n̪ɪ.ɣʊˈn̪ɪ]


guho

ruins; structure that has fallen down to pieces


gimik

(colloquial) fun stuff to do; leisure activity (usually done with other people)


gayak

From Proto-Philippine *gayák (“to plan; to prepare something”).


gulong-gulungan

tl-noun

gulóng-gulungan (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜓᜎᜓᜅᜈ᜔)

gulóng-gulungan (canonical)
ᜄᜓᜎᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜓᜎᜓᜅᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
gulung-gulungan (alternative nonstandard)

[ɡʊˌloŋ ɡʊˈluː.ŋɐn̪]

Reduplication of gulong + -an, indicating a fake imitation. Doublet of gulung-gulungan.


kinalaman

From a syncopic form of kinaalaman, from kaalaman + -in-. Compare Cebuano kinaadman.

(uncommon) knowledge; understanding (about something that happened)

(uncommon) active part or hand in a certain deed or act


kinalabasan

kinalabasán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜈᜎᜊᜐᜈ᜔)

kinalabasán (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜈᜎᜊᜐᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
kinalabsan (alternative syncope)

result; outcome (of an action, process, job)


kinauukulan

kináuukúlan (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜈᜂᜂᜃᜓᜎᜈ᜔)

kináuukúlan (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜈᜂᜂᜃᜓᜎᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[kɪˌn̪aː.ʔʊ.ʔʊˈxuː.lɐn̪]

From kauukulan + -in-, from ukol + ka- -an, with partial reduplication.

Isumbong ang anumang kahina-hinalang gawain sa mga kinauukulan.

Report any suspicious activity to the authorities.

authority; person in command, specifically government

person whom it may concern (as in a letter)


gunaw

[ˈɡuː.n̪aʊ̯]

end of the world; destruction of all things


gutay

tearing into small fragments (of paper, cloth, etc.)


gulantang

gulantáng (canonical)
ᜄᜓᜎᜈ᜔ᜆᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
gulanta (alternative)
golangtang (alternative)
gulangtang (alternative obsolete)

[ɡʊ.lɐn̪ˈt̪aŋ]


gugo

Entada phaseoloides
Wikispecies:Entada phaseoloides

shampoo made from the bark of the St. Thomas bean plant

act of shampooing one's hair using such a product


gukgok

sound one's stomach makes when running after drinking much water (similar to a pig's grunt)


gliserina

[ɡlɪ.sɛˈɾiː.n̪ɐ]


gladyador

gladyadór (Baybayin spelling ᜄ᜔ᜎᜇ᜔ᜌᜇᜓᜇ᜔)

gladyadór (canonical)
ᜄ᜔ᜎᜇ᜔ᜌᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ɡlɐd.d͡ʒɐˈd̪oɾ]


gitla

gitlá (canonical)
ᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜎ (Baybayin)
guitla (alternative)


girimpula

girimpulá (canonical)
ᜄᜒᜇᜒᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜎ (Baybayin)
girimpulad (alternative)


malbarosa

ᜋᜎ᜔ᜊᜇᜓᜐ (Baybayin)
malvarosa (alternative)


ginip

[ˈɡiː.n̪ɪp̚]

Theorized as the root form of panaginip, as attested in Vocabulario de lengua tagala (1613) and Vocabulario de la lengua tagala (1860), but etymological evidence suggests a different root, *inip from Proto-Austronesian *qinəp (“lie down to sleep”), for panaginip.

noncog

root related to dreaming as in panaginip


gilyotina

ᜄᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓᜆᜒᜈ (Baybayin)
gilotina (alternative)


gilong

(dialectal, Batangas) rolling motion; roll

body sway and roll (while dancing expressively in a lively interpretation)


ginatan

ginatán (canonical)
ᜄᜒᜈᜆᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
ginataan (alternative)
ginat-an (alternative)

[ɡɪ.n̪ɐˈt̪an̪]


ginataan

ginataán (canonical)
ᜄᜒᜈᜆᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
ginatan (alternative)

[ɡɪ.n̪ɐ.t̪ɐˈʔan̪]


gilgil

cutting with an instrument pressed hard while being moved to and fro without raising (as with a dull knife or saw)


gibik

succor; aid; help (given in response to a cry for help)

involuntary lactation (of a feeding mother)


gawalagad

[ɡɐ.wɐ.lɐˈɣad̪̚]


gawad

[ˈɡaː.wɐd̪̚]

bestowal; awarding (of something on someone)

declaration; pronouncement (as of a sentence of a convicted person)


hinhin

modesty; coyness; decency (in one's manners)


dalaginday

tl-noun

dalagindáy (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜄᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜌ᜔)

dalagindáy (canonical)
ᜇᜎᜄᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɐ.lɐ.ɣɪn̪ˈd̪aɪ̯]

Blend of dalaga (“young mature woman”) + inday (“young girl”).


kuwapaw

Borrowed from Hokkien 割包 (koah-pau). Compare English cuapao.


dagang kosta

tl-noun

dagáng kosta (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜄᜅ᜔ ᜃᜓᜐ᜔ᜆ)

dagáng kosta (canonical)
ᜇᜄᜅ᜔ ᜃᜓᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)


dagang-kosta

dagáng-kosta (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜄᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜐ᜔ᜆ)

dagáng-kosta (canonical)
ᜇᜄᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)
dagang kosta (alternative)

From daga (“mouse; rat”) + -ng- + kosta (“coast”).


gapok

condition of being rotten due to termites, weevils, etc. (of wood)


gatlang

notch or nick indicating dosage of medicine on a bottle

space between two words in a printed material


Dominggo

ᜇᜓᜋᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ (Baybayin)
Domingo (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish domingo, from Late Latin diēs Dominicus (“Sunday”, literally “day of the Lord”). Doublet of Linggo.


impeksiyon

tl-noun

impeksiyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

impeksiyón (canonical)
ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
impeksyon (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish infección, from Latin īnfectiō, with sound shift of /n/ to /m/ following labial consonants.


inspeksiyon

inspeksiyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜉᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

inspeksiyón (canonical)
ᜁᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜉᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
inspeksyon (alternative)
ispeksiyon (alternative)
ispeksyon (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish inspección, from Latin īnspectiō.


instruksiyon

instruksiyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

instruksiyón (canonical)
ᜁᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
instruksyon (alternative)

[ʔɪn̪s.t̪ɾʊkˈʃon̪]


inmigrasyon

inmigrasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜋᜒᜄ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

inmigrasyón (canonical)
ᜁᜈ᜔ᜋᜒᜄ᜔ᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
imigrasyon (alternative common)

[ʔɪn̪.mɪ.ɡɾɐˈʃon̪]

[ʔɪ.mɪ.ɡɾɐˈʃon̪]

Borrowed from Spanish inmigración. Cognate to Malay imigresyen, Indonesian imigrasi.


imoralidad

imoralidád (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋᜓᜇᜎᜒᜇᜇ᜔)

imoralidád (canonical)
ᜁᜋᜓᜇᜎᜒᜇᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


kanisid

Tachybaptus ruficollis
Tachybaptus ruficollis#Translingual


sulyasid

ᜐᜓᜎ᜔ᜌᜐᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
suliasid (alternative)


butones-butonesan

butones-butonesan (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜆᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜊᜓᜆᜓᜈᜒᜐᜈ᜔)

ᜊᜓᜆᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜊᜓᜆᜓᜈᜒᜐᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
buto-butonesan (alternative)

Gomphrena globosa
Wikispecies:Gomphrena globosa


buto-butonesan

butó-butonesan (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜆᜓᜊᜓᜆᜓᜈᜒᜐᜈ᜔)

butó-butonesan (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜆᜓᜊᜓᜆᜓᜈᜒᜐᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
buto-butonis (alternative)
butu-butunisan (alternative)

Partial reduplication of butones + -an. Compare Bikol Central boto-botonesan.

Cyperus rotundus
Cyperus rotundus#Translingual

Hyptis capitata
Wikispecies:Hyptis capitata

Sphaeranthus africanus
Wikispecies:Sphaeranthus africanus

east Indian globe thistle (Sphaeranthus africanus)


kalandak

loud boasting about oneself of one's accomplishments

spreading of rumors or secrets about others


des-esperasyon

des-esperasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜒᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

des-esperasyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜒᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
desperasyon (alternative)
desesperasyon (alternative)


desperasyon

desperasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜉᜒᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

desperasyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜉᜒᜇᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English desperation, and influenced by Spanish desesperación.

pseudo-loan

(common) alternative form of des-esperasyon: desperation


deregulasyon

tl-noun

deregulasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜄᜓᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

deregulasyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜄᜓᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɛ.ɾɛ.ɣʊ.lɐˈʃon̪]

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English deregulation, and influenced by Spanish -ción.


desimpeksiyon

tl-noun

desimpeksiyón (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐᜒᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

desimpeksiyón (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜐᜒᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of des-impeksiyon.


destiyero

destiyero (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜌᜒᜇᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜌᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
destyero (alternative)
distyero (alternative)

[d̪ɛsˈt͡ʃɛː.ɾo]


barakilan

beam of a house; crosspiece used in building a house


hasmin

Borrowed from Spanish jazmín, borrowed from Arabic يَاسَمِين (yāsamīn), borrowed from Classical Persian یَاسَمِین (yāsamīn), from Middle Persian yʾsmn'.


henerala

Borrowed from Spanish generala (“female general”).

bor+

(military) female equivalent of heneral: female general


heringgilya

tl-noun

heringgilya (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜎ᜔ᜌ)

ᜑᜒᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜎ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
hiringgilya (alternative)


heolohiya

ᜑᜒᜌᜓᜎᜓᜑᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
heyolohiya (alternative)
heolohia (alternative dated)

Borrowed from Spanish geología (“geology”).


desbentaha

tl-noun

desbentaha (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜑ)

ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜑ (Baybayin)


Haponesa

female equivalent of Hapones: female Japanese (person)


pawi-pawikan

páwi-pawíkan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜏᜒᜉᜏᜒᜃᜈ᜔)

páwi-pawíkan (canonical)
ᜉᜏᜒᜉᜏᜒᜃᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Hoya imbricata
Wikispecies:Hoya imbricata


ᜎᜓᜄ᜔ᜇᜓ

ᜎᜓᜄ᜔ᜇᜓ • (lugdo)


benggala

[bɛŋˈɡaː.lɐ]


hiraya

[hɪˈɾaː.jɐʔ]


kungyari

[kʊŋˈjaː.ɾɪʔ]

[kʊŋˈjaː.ɾɛʔ]


bagay-bagay

bagay-bagay (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜄᜌ᜔ᜊᜄᜌ᜔)

[ˌbaː.ɣaɪ̯ ˈbaː.ɣaɪ̯]


turan

[ˈt̪uː.ɾɐn̪]

From a syncopic form of tuoran, from tuod + -an.


pahamak

person or thing that causes failure, injury, destruction, etc.


sinamomo

Borrowed from Spanish cinamomo, from Latin cinnamōmum, from Ancient Greek κιννάμωμον (kinnámōmon).

Lawsonia inermis
Lawsonia inermis#Translingual


sinamomong-sungsong

sinamomong-sungsóng (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜈᜋᜓᜋᜓᜅ᜔ᜐᜓᜅ᜔ᜐᜓᜅ᜔)

sinamomong-sungsóng (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜈᜋᜓᜋᜓᜅ᜔ᜐᜓᜅ᜔ᜐᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)

From sinamomo + -ng + sungsong, literally “Chinese cinnamon”.

com

Aglaia odorata
Wikispecies:Aglaia odorata


ulnungkuro

tl-noun

ulnungkurò (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜎ᜔ᜈᜓᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜇᜓ)

ulnungkurò (canonical)
ᜂᜎ᜔ᜈᜓᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

[ʔʊl.n̪ʊŋˈkuː.ɾoʔ]

Blend of ulnong (“society”) + kuro (“belief”).


Gob.

abbreviation of gobernador (title): Gov.


Pam.

Pam. Bayan ng Santa Cruz

abbreviation of pamahalaan (as part of a local government unit name): Govt


BRP

[ˌbɪ ʔɐɾ ˈpɪ]

initialism of Barko ng Republika ng Pilipinas (“Ship of the Republic of the Philippines”, ship prefix for the Philippine Navy)


usisera

[ʔʊ.sɪˈsɛː.ɾɐ]

female equivalent of usisero: female overly inquisitive person


daldalero

tl-noun

daldalero (feminine daldalera, Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎ᜔ᜇᜎᜒᜇᜓ)

daldalera (feminine)
ᜇᜎ᜔ᜇᜎᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)


daldalera

[d̪ɐl.d̪ɐˈlɛː.ɾɐ]

female equivalent of daldalero: female chatterbox; female gossip


korupsyon

korupsyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇᜓᜉ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

korupsyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇᜓᜉ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of korupsiyon.


islogan

[ʔɪsˈloː.ɣɐn̪]


intensiyon

intensiyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

intensiyón (canonical)
ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
intensyon (alternative)

[ʔɪn̪.t̪ɛn̪ˈʃon̪]


bitsuwelas

bitsuwelas (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜏᜒᜎᜐ᜔)

ᜊᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜏᜒᜎᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


habitsuwelas

habitsuwelas (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜊᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜏᜒᜎᜐ᜔)

ᜑᜊᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜏᜒᜎᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


abitsuwela

abitsuwela (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜏᜒᜎ)

ᜀᜊᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜏᜒᜎ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐ.bɪˈt͡ʃwɛː.lɐ]


intensyon

intensyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

intensyón (canonical)
ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɪn̪.t̪ɛn̪ˈʃon̪]

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of intensiyon.


iritasyon

iritasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜇᜒᜆᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

iritasyón (canonical)
ᜁᜇᜒᜆᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɪ.ɾɪ.t̪ɐˈʃon̪]


impraestruktura

impraestruktura (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜇᜁᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ)

ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜇᜁᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ (Baybayin)
impraistruktura (alternative nonstandard)
imprastraktura (alternative)
imprastruktura (alternative)

[ʔɪm.pɾɐ.ʔɛs.t̪ɾʊkˈt̪uː.ɾɐ]


implamasyon

implamasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜎᜋᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

implamasyón (canonical)
ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜎᜋᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


implasyon

implasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

implasyón (canonical)
ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

(economics) inflation (increase in the general level of prices or in costs of living)

inflation; swelling caused by air, gas, etc.

pumping of air, gas, etc. (to cause something to swell)


inisyatiba

inisyatiba (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜆᜒᜊ)

ᜁᜈᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜆᜒᜊ (Baybayin)
inisyatibo (alternative)

[ʔɪ.n̪ɪ.ʃɐˈt̪iː.bɐ]


bise-alkalde

bise-alkalde (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜐᜒᜀᜎ᜔ᜃᜎ᜔ᜇᜒ)

ᜊᜒᜐᜒᜀᜎ᜔ᜃᜎ᜔ᜇᜒ (Baybayin)


bise-gobernador

bise-gobernadór (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜐᜒᜄᜓᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜈᜇᜓᜇ᜔)

bise-gobernadór (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜐᜒᜄᜓᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜈᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


bise-presidente

bise-presidente (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜐᜒᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜐᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ)

ᜊᜒᜐᜒᜉ᜔ᜇᜒᜐᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)


kasingkahulugan

kasingkahulugán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜐᜒᜅ᜔ᜃᜑᜓᜎᜓᜄᜈ᜔)

kasingkahulugán (canonical)
ᜃᜐᜒᜅ᜔ᜃᜑᜓᜎᜓᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
kasing-kahulugan (alternative)

(semantics) alternative form of singkahulugan


pagkapangulo

pagkápangúlo (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜉᜅᜓᜎᜓ)

pagkápangúlo (canonical)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜉᜅᜓᜎᜓ (Baybayin)

presidency (office or role of president)


guwardakosta

guwárdakósta (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜓᜏᜇ᜔ᜇᜃᜓᜐ᜔ᜆ)

guwárdakósta (canonical)
ᜄᜓᜏᜇ᜔ᜇᜃᜓᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)
gwardakosta (alternative)


halimuyak

ᜑᜎᜒᜋᜓᜌᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
halimuyac (alternative)
halimoyac (alternative)
haliboyac (alternative)
jalimuyac (alternative)
halibuyak (alternative obsolete)


pangalawang pangulo

pangalawáng pangulo (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜅᜎᜏᜅ᜔ ᜉᜅᜓᜎᜓ)

pangalawáng pangulo (canonical)
ᜉᜅᜎᜏᜅ᜔ ᜉᜅᜓᜎᜓ (Baybayin)

From pangalawa + -ng + pangulo, literally “second president”.


bottomesa

ᜊᜓᜆᜓᜋᜒᜐ (Baybayin)
butomesa (alternative)


kapisanan

association; totality or the aggregation of people under and on behalf of one religion, principle, and purpose


molestiya

moléstiyá (canonical)
ᜋᜓᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
molestya (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish molestia. The lewd sense is a semantic loan from English molest. Doublet of molesta.

trouble; nuisance; hassle; annoyance; bother; vexation; inconvenience; pain in the ass; pain in the butt; disturbance; burden; imposition; pestering

molestation; sexual abuse; the committing of lewdness


tansiya

tansiyá (canonical)
ᜆᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
tansya (alternative)


tansya

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of tansiya.


pangyari

[pɐŋˈjaː.ɾɪ]

the act of doing something in accordance with the law


lagpas

From earlier langpas with the /ŋ/ turning to /ɡ/. Compare tingnan /tignan. Doublet of lampas.

exceeding; surpassing; going past (of boundaries, standards, race, etc.)

passing through of a place without being noticed

survival; passing through (a critical period or situation)

(obsolete) cut with a single blow of a knife


panirahan

pániráhan (canonical)
ᜉᜈᜒᜇᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
panirahanan (alternative)


panirahanan

tl-noun

panirahanan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜈᜒᜇᜑᜈᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜈᜒᜇᜑᜈᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
panirahan (alternative)


tirahan

[ˌt̪iːˈɾaː.hɐn̪]

residence; place of living or dwelling; abode

low place usually filled or covered with water (especially after strong rain)


tirahan

[t̪ɪˈɾaː.hɐn̪]

(slang, vulgar, dated) sexual intercourse


hikbi

hikbí or hikbî (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒᜃ᜔ᜊᜒ)

hikbí (canonical)
hikbî (canonical)
ᜑᜒᜃ᜔ᜊᜒ (Baybayin)


ipokrita

ipókritá (canonical)
ᜁᜉᜓᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜆ (Baybayin)
ipokrito (alternative)
hipokrito (alternative)


imperyalista

imperyalista (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)


imperensiya

imperénsiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ)

imperénsiyá (canonical)
ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
imperensya (alternative)

[ʔɪm.pɛˈɾɛn̪.ʃɐ]


impinitibo

impinitibo (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜈᜒᜆᜒᜊᜓ)

ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜈᜒᜆᜒᜊᜓ (Baybayin)


habonero

ᜑᜊᜓᜈᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
habunero (alternative)


ilehitimo

ilehítimó (canonical)
ᜁᜎᜒᜑᜒᜆᜒᜋᜓ (Baybayin)


hanayan

place where things are arranged into lines or rows


ampibyan

ᜀᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜊ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


ampiteatro

ampiteatro (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜆᜒᜌᜆ᜔ᜇᜓ)

ᜀᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜆᜒᜌᜆ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish anfiteatro, from Latin amphitheātrum, from Ancient Greek ἀμφιθέατρον (amphithéatron).


panggupit

panggupít (canonical)
ᜉᜅ᜔ᜄᜓᜉᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

[pɐŋ.ɡʊˈpɪt̪̚]


ambubuyog

tl-noun

ambubuyog (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜊᜓᜌᜓᜄ᜔)

ᜀᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜊᜓᜌᜓᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)
amboboyog (alternative)

Possibly related to bubuyog (“bee”), Compare Casiguran Dumagat Agta ambubuyog.


muthang anwang

mutháng anwáng (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜆ᜔ᜑᜅ᜔ ᜀᜈ᜔ᜏᜅ᜔)

mutháng anwáng (canonical)
ᜋᜓᜆ᜔ᜑᜅ᜔ ᜀᜈ᜔ᜏᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
muthang anuang (alternative)

[mʊt̪ˌhaŋ ʔɐn̪ˈwaŋ]

Kyllinga triceps
Wikispecies:Kyllinga triceps

Cyperus dubius var. dubius
Wikispecies:Cyperus dubius var. dubius

a variety of soft sedge (Kyllinga triceps, syn. Cyperus dubius var. dubius)


historyador

historyadór (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜇᜓᜇ᜔)

historyadór (canonical)
ᜑᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish historiador, but with the silent ⟨h⟩ pronounced as /h/, either due to English influence or due to the relation to Tagalog historya, which is from a desire to differentiate from similar words, as suggested by the Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino (KWF). Attested from the 1960s. By surface analysis, historya + -dor. Doublet of istoryador.

(common) alternative form of istoryador: historian