nanay

From Philippine Spanish nana (“mommy”) + -ay (“female diminutive suffix”). Compare Chamorro nåna. See also Classical Nahuatl nāntli (“mother”).


deteni

[d̪ɛ.t̪ɛˈn̪ɪ]


umid

[ˈʔuː.mɪd̪̚]

speechlessness (due to fear, shame, shyness, etc.)


parigapay

parigapáy (canonical)
ᜉᜇᜒᜄᜉᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

[pɐ.ɾɪ.ɣɐˈpaɪ̯]

Blend of parisukat (“square”) + agapay (“parallel”).


kaibigan

ᜃᜁᜊᜒᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
caibigan (alternative)

[kɐ.ʔɪˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]

[kɐˌʔiːˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]

[ˌkaː.ʔɪˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]

(literally) a person one is pleased with


kaibigan

tl-noun

káibigán or kaíbígan (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜁᜊᜒᜄᜈ᜔)

káibigán (canonical)
kaíbígan (canonical)
ᜃᜁᜊᜒᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
caibigan (alternative)

[kɐ.ʔɪˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]

[kɐˌʔiːˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]

[ˌkaː.ʔɪˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]

(uncommon) fiance; fiancee; betrothed; lover; sweetheart


kaibigan

kaibigán (canonical)
ᜃᜁᜊᜒᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
caibigan (alternative)

[kɐ.ʔɪˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]

[kɐˌʔiːˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]

[ˌkaː.ʔɪˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]

Ang kaibigan niya sa letson ay di-pangkaraniwan.

His craving for roasted pig is not ordinary.

strong desire; inclination; craving; predilection


kaibigan

káibígan (canonical)
ᜃᜁᜊᜒᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
caibigan (alternative)

[kɐ.ʔɪˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]

[kɐˌʔiːˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]

[ˌkaː.ʔɪˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]


kaibigan

káibigán (canonical)
ᜃᜁᜊᜒᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
caibigan (alternative)

[kɐ.ʔɪˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]

[kɐˌʔiːˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]

[ˌkaː.ʔɪˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]

Naikasal sila dahil sa kaibigan ng lahat.

They were married because of the general agreement of everyone.

mutual agreement or consent, concordance


barikod

Coined by Eusebio T. Daluz in the early 20th century.


baskagan

ᜊᜐ᜔ᜃᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
bastagan (alternative)

framework; frame (of doors, windows, kites, baskets, etc.)


bantod

hardened earth by continued sun exposure


bantok

(nautical) high point on either stern or prow


bathala

bathalà (canonical)
ᜊᜆ᜔ᜑᜎ (Baybayin)
badhala (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Sanskrit भट्टार (bhaṭṭāra, “revered, worshipful”). Likely related to Batara Guru. Compare Cebuano balahala, Malay betara /berhala, and Javanese ꦧꦿꦲꦭ (brahala). See also Tausug barhala'.


tigilan

[t̪ɪˈɣiː.lɐn̪]


tigilan

[t̪ɪˈɣiː.lɐn̪]

simultaneous stopping or resting of a number of people (such as a group of workers, etc.)

regular time of rest allowed (as for workers)


tugoy

[ˈt̪uː.ɣoɪ̯]


Alpino

Borrowed from Spanish alpino, from Latin Alpīnus. See also alpino.


umis

shadow of a smile; slight or gentle smile (usually as a sign of satisfaction, but also of dislike at times)


Israelita

[ʔɪs.ɾɐ.ʔɛˈliː.t̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish israelita, from Late Latin Isrāēlīta (“Israelite”), from Ancient Greek Ἰσρᾱηλῑ́της (Isrāēlī́tēs, “Israelite”).


sukgisan

Blend of sukat (“measurement”) + hugis (“shape”) + -an.


sukdusik

ᜐᜓᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜐᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)

From blend of sukdulan (“extreme degree”) + hasik (“elementary charge”, neologism).


sulidlawas

tl-noun

sulidlawas (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜎᜏᜐ᜔)

ᜐᜓᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜎᜏᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


Kayser

Borrowed from Spanish káiser, but more recently from English Kaiser, from German Kaiser, ultimately from Latin Caesar. Doublet of Tsar.

Kaiser (emperor of a German-speaking country)


reyno

Borrowed from Spanish reino, from Latin rēgnum.


lebel

Borrowed from English level. The pronunciation is a pseudo-Hispanism as shown by ultimate stress. Doublet of nibel.


disenteria

disenteria (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜒᜌ)

ᜇᜒᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜒᜌ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɪ.sɛn̪.t̪ɛˈɾiː.ɐ]


balinghoy

balinghóy (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜒᜅ᜔ᜑᜓᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

Compare Bikol Central balinghoy, Cebuano balanghoy, and Ilocano balinghoy.

Manihot esculenta
Manihot esculenta#Translingual


intindi

intindí (canonical)
ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜒ (Baybayin)
intinri (alternative)

[ʔɪn̪.t̪ɪn̪ˈd̪ɪ]

Borrowed from Spanish entender, from Latin intendere (present active infinitive of intendō).

sukat ang katagang sabi sa mabuting umiintindi


esmeril

[ʔɛsˈmɛː.ɾɪl]

Borrowed from Spanish esmeril (“emery”).


tindi

tindí (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜒ (Baybayin)
tinri (alternative)

intensity; severity (of one's anger, etc.)

amount of pressure caused by a heavy object placed on a surface


forkast

ᜉᜓᜇ᜔ᜃᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
porkas (alternative)
porkast (alternative)


bayag-kambing

bayág-kambíng (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜌᜄ᜔ᜃᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜅ᜔)

bayág-kambíng (canonical)
ᜊᜌᜄ᜔ᜃᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
bayagcambing (alternative)

From bayag + kambing, literally “goat testicles”.

compound

bayag-kambing; Caesalpinia crista (plant and seed)


kaso

Borrowed from Spanish caso, from Latin cāsus.


mnemonika

mnemóniká (canonical)
ᜈᜒᜋᜓᜈᜒᜃ (Baybayin)


imigrante

tl-noun

imigrante (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋᜒᜄ᜔ᜇᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ)

ᜁᜋᜒᜄ᜔ᜇᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)

[ʔɪ.mɪˈɡɾan̪.t̪ɛ]


chane

[ˈt͡ʃaː.n̪ɛʔ]


itik

[ˈʔiː.t̪ɪk̚]

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *itik (“duck”). Compare Bikol Central itik, Cebuano itik, Malay itik, Waray-Waray itik, and Yakan itik.

inh+

a species of domestic, brown duck (usually raised for balut and penoy)


katmon

katmón (canonical)
ᜃᜆ᜔ᜋᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
catmon (alternative)

From Proto-Central Philippine *katmun (“Dillenia philippinensis”). Compare Bikol Central katmon, Cebuano katmon and Kapampangan katmun.

Dillenia philippinensis
Wikispecies:Dillenia philippinensis

katmon (Dillenia philippinensis; a species of tree endemic to the Philippines)


ningas

ᜈᜒᜅᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
dingas (alternative)
lingas (alternative)


patola

Borrowed from Sanskrit पटोल (paṭola, “pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica)”). Sense 3 is a play from patol. Compare Malay ketola, petola.

bor+

Luffa acutangula
Luffa acutangula#Translingual

(slang) someone who likes to engage conflict with people despite not being worth it


minarete

[mɪ.n̪ɐˈɾɛː.t̪ɛ]

Borrowed from Spanish minarete, from French minaret, from Ottoman Turkish مناره (Turkish minare), from Arabic مَنَارَة (manāra, “lighthouse, minaret”). Compare Malay menara. Doublet of menora.


desena

[d̪ɛˈsɛː.n̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish decena, from Latin decēna. Second sense possibly from Spanish deceno instead.


bolta

Probably a pseudo-Hispanism derived from English volt, perhaps influenced by Spanish voltio.


mamasan

mámasán (canonical)
ᜋᜋᜐᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
mamasang (alternative)

Borrowed from Japanese ママさん (mamasan), from ママ (mama) with the honorific title さん (san), via English mamasan, mama-san.

(slang) brothelkeeper; madam (woman who manages a brothel)


jabol

(slang, vulgar) alternative form of jakol


tangka

tangkâ (canonical)
ᜆᜅ᜔ᜃ (Baybayin)
tangca (alternative)

(obsolete) act of making calculation to delegate something


tangkas

bundle or handful of leaves (such as leaves of tobacco, betel, etc.)

(strictly) small bundle of betel leaves (placed one over the other in assorted sizes)


likas

Borrowed from Kapampangan likas (“to travel; to move”).


alegreto

[ʔɐ.lɛˈɡɾɛː.t̪o]

Borrowed from Spanish alegreto, from Italian allegretto.

allegretto (a movement that is to be played fast and lively)


shabu-shabu

tl-noun

shabu-shabu (Baybayin spelling ᜐ᜔ᜌᜊᜓᜐ᜔ᜌᜊᜓ)

ᜐ᜔ᜌᜊᜓᜐ᜔ᜌᜊᜓ (Baybayin)
syabu-syabu (alternative)
Shabu Shabu (alternative)

[ˌʃaː.bʊ ˈʃaː.bʊ]

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese shabushabu, the Hepburn romaji of しゃぶしゃぶ (shabushabu).

unadapted borrowing

shabu-shabu (Japanese hotpot dish of thinly sliced meat and vegetables)


isod

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *icud, *isud.

slight moving over; slight moving to one side


teksas

Borrowed from English Texas, a reference to characters in westerns, as well as referring to a breed of rooster for cockfight, from Spanish Texas, from Hasinai Caddo táyshaʔ (“friend, ally”).


dayang

Compare Malay dayang and Maranao dayang.

(historical) title of a noble lady in most of precolonial Philippines


dayang

Ruellia blechum
Wikispecies:Ruellia blechum


dayang

Cyathula prostrata
Wikispecies:Cyathula prostrata

a kind of Cyathula plant (Cyathula prostrata)


siopao

(common) alternative spelling of siyopaw


T-bird

ᜆᜒᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
t-bird (alternative)

[ˈt̪ɪ bəɹd̪]

A play on English T-bird, short for Thunderbird. Further popularized by 1982 movie T-Bird at Ako (literally, “T-Bird and I”).

butch; dyke; lesbian (especially a masculine one)


krimen

tl-noun

krimen or krimén (Baybayin spelling ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜋᜒᜈ᜔)

krimen (canonical)
krimén (canonical)
ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜋᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish crimen (“violent crime”), from Latin crīmen.


yungib

tl-noun

yungib or yungíb (Baybayin spelling ᜌᜓᜅᜒᜊ᜔)

yungib (canonical)
yungíb (canonical)
ᜌᜓᜅᜒᜊ᜔ (Baybayin)
yong̃ib (alternative)

Pumasok siya sa madilim na yungib.


yukyok

Ginagawa ang yukyok sa ibaba ng mesa kapag lumilindol.

Crouching under a table is done when there is an earthquake.

Tumutuloy pa rin ang aso sa yukyok sa sulok dahil sa pamamalo ng kanyang may-ari.

The dog is still doing some cowering in the corner because of his owner's beating.

cowering; crouching in fear (as of animals)

sunken condition (of a loose pile of soil, garbage, etc.)

gradual fall or sinking (of a loose pile of soil, garbage, etc.)


pagyukyok

pagyukyók (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜌᜓᜃ᜔ᜌᜓᜃ᜔)

pagyukyók (canonical)
ᜉᜄ᜔ᜌᜓᜃ᜔ᜌᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)

Ginagawa ang pagyukyok sa ibaba ng mesa kapag lumilindol.

Tumutuloy pa rin ang aso sa pagyukyok sa sulok dahil sa pamamalo ng kanyang may-ari.

The dog is still cowering in the corner because of his owner's beating.

cowering (of animals); crouching in fear


mawo

Compare Waray-Waray maro and Cebuano malo /mawo.

Iniipon ng mga bubuyog sa kanilang panilan ang mawong galing sa mga bulaklak.

Pollen from flowers is gathered by bees in their beehive.


panilan

Sa panilan nakatira ang mga bubuyog.


tanghas

Pinandalangin ng aking ina ang tatlong patpat ng tanghas sa aming mga ninuno.

My mother used three pieces of joss stick to pray to our ancestors.


sagay

Mayaman ang Pilipinas sa iba't ibang uri ng sagay.

The Philippines is rich in different kinds of coral.


tambakol

Nilusob ng mga tambakol ang lahat ng mga maliliit na isdang nakita nito.

The yellowfin tuna attacked all the small fish it saw.


bayawak

ᜊᜌᜏᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
bayauac (alternative)
biyawak (alternative)

From Proto-Philippine *bayawak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bayawak. Compare Ilocano bayawak (“scorpion”), Malay biawak, and Gorontalo biyawa'o. The sense “brother-in-law” is a play on bayaw.

Nakatagpo kami ng dalawang bayawak sa loob ng gubat.

We encountered two monitor lizards in the middle of the forest.

monitor lizard (member of the genus Varanus)


basakay

Ayon sa pamahalaan, bawal pumatay ng mga basakay.

According to the government, killing iguanas is not allowed.


misay

From Tamil மீசை (mīcai). Related to Malay misai, Malayalam മീശ (mīśa), Marathi मिशी (miśī), Telugu మీసము (mīsamu).

Mahilig sila sa mga lalaking may mahahabang misay.


dikdik

dikdík (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
rikrik (alternative)

[d̪ɪkˈd̪ɪk̚]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəkdək (“pulverize, crush by pounding”). Compare Bikol Central dukdok, Cebuano dukdok, and Malay dedak (“powdered rice husk”). Doublet of darak.

inh

pulverization by pounding (especially with a pestle)

continuous beating (such as from fist blows)

continuous attack (such as with artillery)


luwalhati

luwalhatì (canonical)
ᜎᜓᜏᜎ᜔ᜑᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
loualhati (alternative)
lualhati (alternative)

From Malay luar (“outside”) + Malay hati (“emotions”, literally “liver”). Compare dalamhati, pighati, ulohati, lunggati, and salaghati.

com

Gawin mo ang lahat para sa luwalhati ng Panginoon.

Do everything for the glory of the Lord.


talulot

Pinitas ng babae ang lahat ng mga talulot ng gumamelang hawak niya.

The girl plucked all the petals of the hibiscus flower that she was holding.


daga-dagaan

dagâ-dagaan (canonical)
ᜇᜄᜇᜄᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
dagadagaan (alternative)

[d̪ɐˌɣaʔ d̪ɐˈɣaː.ʔɐn̪]

[d̪ɐˌɣaː d̪ɐˈɣaː.ʔɐn̪]

Reduplication of daga + -an. Compare Kapampangan dagis-dagisan.

Napansin ng dalaga ang mga matitipunong bisig ng lalaki at ang mga malalaki niyang daga-dagaan.

The young girl noticed the man's robust arms and his large biceps.


bagang

bagáng (canonical)
ᜊᜄᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
bag-ang (alternative)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bagəqaŋ (“molar tooth”). Compare Tausug bagaang.

inh+

Naging masaya ang bata nang tumubo ang lahat ng mga bagang niya.

The kid became happy when all of his molars came out.


hayop

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *háyup. Compare Pangasinan ayep, Bikol Central hayop, and Cebuano hayop. See also Malay hidup.

(derogatory) cruel person; brutal person

"Hayop ka! Hayop kang Pakong ka!" Sumisigaw na si Ento. Nakikipaglaban sa isang pangyayaring nagaganap at ang mga tauhan ay sila at ang dating iginagalang nilang puno, si Heneral Pakong. Natahimik ang lahat. Lumuluha si Ento.

2000, Jose Rey Munsayac, Ang aso, ang pulgas, ang bonsai, at ang kolorum, →ISBN:

"You scoundrel! You scoundrel, Pakong!" Ento was already shouting. They are fighting with each other and the characters are them and the formerly respected leader, General Pakong. Everyone is quiet. Ento is shedding tears.

(derogatory) rascal; scoundrel; immoral person


istorya

ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
historya (alternative common)

Borrowed from Spanish historia, from Latin historia, from Ancient Greek ἱστορία (historía). Doublet of historya.


kombinasyon

tl-noun

kombinasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜈᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

kombinasyón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜈᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
kumbinasyon (alternative nonstandard)

compound; mixture; combination of things

combination (sequence of numbers or letters to open a combination lock)

(colloquial) conspiracy; complot; secret agreement


bulalay

Compare Tausug bulalay, Malay belalai, Makasar ᨅᨘᨒᨒᨙ (bulale), Minangkabau bulalai, Javanese ꦠ꧀ꦭꦭꦺ (tlalé), Toba Batak bulele, and Old Javanese tulalay.

Hinawakan niya ang mahabang bulalay nito nang biglang nagalit ang malaking elepante.

He held its long trunk which made the big elephant angry.


tulatod

tulatód or tulatod (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜎᜆᜓᜇ᜔)

tulatód (canonical)
tulatod (canonical)
ᜆᜓᜎᜆᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

Nakahukay ang mga manggagawa ng tulatod ng isang sinaunang hayop habang gumagawa ng isang gusali.

Workers unearthed a tailbone of an ancient creature while constructing a building.


kulayputol

kulayputol (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎᜌ᜔ᜉᜓᜆᜓᜎ᜔)

ᜃᜓᜎᜌ᜔ᜉᜓᜆᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

From kulay (“color”) + putol (“cut; part”). Calque of English chromomere, being from Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “color”) + Ancient Greek μέρος (méros, “part”).

compound

(biology, cytology, neologism) chromomere


lungkag

condition of being bulky but light in weight


silidkaphay

tl-noun

silidkapháy (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜃᜉ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔)

silidkapháy (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜃᜉ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


loobkaphay

loobkapháy (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ᜃᜉ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔)

loobkapháy (canonical)
ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ᜃᜉ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


labaskaphay

labaskapháy (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜊᜐ᜔ᜃᜉ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔)

labaskapháy (canonical)
ᜎᜊᜐ᜔ᜃᜉ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


silidkilos

silídkílos (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜃᜒᜎᜓᜐ᜔)

silídkílos (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜃᜒᜎᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


palasihayan

palasihayan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜐᜒᜑᜌᜈ᜔)


lamad

Kaya hindi pa man halos dumadapo, ang tuwa sa lamad ng may dusang puso, ay itinakwil na ang dalitang lalo at ang tunod niya'y siyang itinimo.

1838, Francisco Balagtas, Pinagdaanang Buhay ni Florante at ni Laura sa Kahariang Albanya:


butod

butod or butód (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜆᜓᜇ᜔)

butod (canonical)
butód (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜆᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

(dialectal, Quezon) alternative form of ibutod


lamad ng butod

lamad ng butód (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜋᜇ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜆᜓᜇ᜔)

lamad ng butód (canonical)
ᜎᜋᜇ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜆᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


lamad ng kaphay

lamad ng kapháy (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜋᜇ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜃᜉ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔)

lamad ng kapháy (canonical)
ᜎᜋᜇ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜃᜉ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


sihay

Blend of silid (“cell, room”) + buhay (“life”).


lamad ng sihay

tl-noun

lamad ng sihay (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜋᜇ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜐᜒᜑᜌ᜔)

ᜎᜋᜇ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜐᜒᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


dingding ng sihay

dingdíng ng sihay (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜇᜒᜅ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜐᜒᜑᜌ᜔)

dingdíng ng sihay (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜇᜒᜅ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜐᜒᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
dinding ng sihay (alternative)

[d̪ɪn̪ˌd̪ɪŋ n̪ɐn̪ ˈsiː.haɪ̯]


dinding

[d̪ɪn̪ˈd̪ɪŋ]

Superseded, pre-1977 spelling of dingding.


dingding

dingdíng (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜅ᜔ᜇᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
dindin (alternative)
dinding (alternative)
ringring (alternative)

[d̪ɪn̪ˈd̪ɪŋ]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *diŋdiŋ. Cognate with Maguindanao linding, Malay dinding, Indonesian dinding, Makasar rinring, adn Tetum didin.

Pinakuan ng ama ni Pedro ang dingding upang sabitan ng larawan ng kanyang ina.

Pedro's father put a nail on the wall to hang a picture of his mother.

wall (usually made of wood or some light material) of a room or house; partition between rooms


silidmanahan

silidmanahan (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜋᜈᜑᜈ᜔)

ᜐᜒᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜋᜈᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


silidkulay

silídkuláy (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜃᜓᜎᜌ᜔)

silídkuláy (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜃᜓᜎᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


silidlawas

silídláwas (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜎᜏᜐ᜔)

silídláwas (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜎᜏᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


lakdawkaphay

lakdawkapháy (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜃ᜔ᜇᜏ᜔ᜃᜉ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔)

lakdawkapháy (canonical)
ᜎᜃ᜔ᜇᜏ᜔ᜃᜉ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


mulkaphay

mulkapháy (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜎ᜔ᜃᜉ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔)

mulkapháy (canonical)
ᜋᜓᜎ᜔ᜃᜉ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

Blend of mulaan (“origin”, neologism) + kaphay (“plasma”, neologism).


butudkaphay

tl-noun

butúdkapháy (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜃᜉ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔)

butúdkapháy (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜃᜉ᜔ᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

(cytology, neologism) nucleoplasm; karyoplasm


silidkatwan

silídkatwán (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜃᜆ᜔ᜏᜈ᜔)

silídkatwán (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜎᜒᜇ᜔ᜃᜆ᜔ᜏᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


binutil

From butil + -in-, literally “turned into seeds”.


palatatagnan

tl-noun

palátatagnán (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜆᜆᜄ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔)

palátatagnán (canonical)
ᜉᜎᜆᜆᜄ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


palasihayanan

palásíhayanán (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜐᜒᜑᜌᜈᜈ᜔)

palásíhayanán (canonical)
ᜉᜎᜐᜒᜑᜌᜈᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


lakdawyugto

lakdawyugtô (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜃ᜔ᜇᜏ᜔ᜌᜓᜄ᜔ᜆᜓ)

lakdawyugtô (canonical)
ᜎᜃ᜔ᜇᜏ᜔ᜌᜓᜄ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)


patidyugto

patidyugtô (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜆᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜓᜄ᜔ᜆᜓ)

patidyugtô (canonical)
ᜉᜆᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜓᜄ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)


butudkilos

butúdkílos (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜃᜒᜎᜓᜐ᜔)

butúdkílos (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜃᜒᜎᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


kidsulid

ᜃᜒᜇ᜔ᜐᜓᜎᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

Blend of kidkid (“coil”) + sulid (“fiber”).


suglaguman

tl-noun

suglágúman (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜎᜄᜓᜋᜈ᜔)

suglágúman (canonical)
ᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜎᜄᜓᜋᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[sʊɡˌlaːˈɣuː.mɐn̪]


pakiwani

pakiwaní (canonical)
ᜉᜃᜒᜏᜈᜒ (Baybayin)
pacquiuani (alternative)
paquiuani (alternative)

(obsolete) request that something be done for self


buhok na pugok

buhók na pugók (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜑᜓᜃ᜔ ᜈ ᜉᜓᜄᜓᜃ᜔)

buhók na pugók (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜑᜓᜃ᜔ ᜈ ᜉᜓᜄᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)


parlorista

parlorista (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜇ᜔ᜎᜓᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜉᜇ᜔ᜎᜓᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)


almagre

ᜀᜎ᜔ᜋᜄ᜔ᜇᜒ (Baybayin)
almabre (alternative)

[ʔɐlˈmaː.ɡɾɛ]

Borrowed from Spanish almagre, from earlier almagra, from Andalusian Arabic المغرة (al-máḡra), from Arabic الْمَغْرَة (al-maḡra), الْمُغْرَة (al-muḡra, “red clay or earth”).


kalansay

kalansáy (canonical)
ᜃᜎᜈ᜔ᜐᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
calansay (alternative)

Nahukay ng mga manggagawa sa likod ng bakuran ng paaralan ang kalansay ng pinatay na babae.

Workers unearthed the skeleton of the murdered girl behind the schoolyard.


patupat

Hawak-hawak lagi ng lalaking iyon ang kanyang patupat.


bayugo

Compare Ibatan vaxoyo, Hanunoo balugo, Maranao balogo, Iban beruru, and Malay beluru.

Entada phaseoloides
Wikispecies:Entada phaseoloides

St. Thomas bean (Entada phaseoloides, especially its fruits or seeds)

bayugo ng tuhod


sambasamba

sambásambá (canonical)
ᜐᜋ᜔ᜊᜐᜋ᜔ᜊ (Baybayin)
samba-samba (alternative)

May isang sambasambang nagtatago sa ibabaw ng malaking bato.

There is a praying mantis hiding beneath the large rock.


uwang

uwáng (canonical)
ᜂᜏᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
uang (alternative)
ouang (alternative)

a type of horned beetle infecting palm trees (especially coconut trees)

(obsolete) howl of animals (such as dogs)


ubad

[ˈʔuː.bɐd̪̚]

dowry (given by a father to his daughter as a wedding gift)


ubo

Compare Bikol Central abo, Cebuano ubo, and Tausug ubu.

May ubo ang ama tuwing umaga bago kumain ng umagahan.

The father has a cough every morning before eating breakfast.


ubo

(agriculture, horticulture) act of transplanting a young plant


hilaga

[hɪˈlaː.ɣɐʔ]

Possibly borrowed from Brunei Malay iraga (“north”). Compare Tausug hilagaꞌ (“northwest wind”).

bor+

Patungong hilaga ang mga manlalakbay.

The travelers are going towards the north.


pabiyay

pabiyáy (canonical)
ᜉᜊᜒᜌᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
pabiya,i (alternative)

catch of fish that are first allowed to live in water either in a net or a container


pamabat

(obsolete) sash; bellyband; waistband; girdle


uhaw

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quhaw (compare Kapampangan aua, Cebuano uhaw, Hiligaynon uhaw, Tausug uhaw, Waray-Waray uhaw), from Proto-Austronesian *quSaw.

Pinawi ng malamig na tubig ang kanyang uhaw.

(figurative) craving; strong desire (for something)


talong

Borrowed from Malay terung, ultimately from Proto-Mon-Khmer *d₁rɗuŋ; *d₁rɗuəŋ (“egg-plant, bottle-gourd”). Compare Bikol Central talong, Cebuano talong, Cuyunon tarong, Brooke's Point Palawano terung, Sambali talom, Waray-Waray tarong and
Tausug talum.


sugnay

Ilan ang sugnay sa pangungusap na iyan?

part added or joined to the side or edge of something (to make it bigger or wider)


Santo Padre

tl-noun

Santo Padre (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ ᜉᜇ᜔ᜇᜒ)

ᜐᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ ᜉᜇ᜔ᜇᜒ (Baybayin)

pope; Holy Father (head of the Catholic Church)


katol

Borrowed from Japanese 蚊取(かと)り (katori), as in 蚊取(かと)り線香(せんこう) (katorisenkō), borrowed in via a genericized trademark brand introduced as “KATOL” around the early 20th century by Azumi & Co., Ltd., a Japanese company from Osaka, Japan.


idroheno

idróhenó (canonical)
ᜁᜇ᜔ᜇᜓᜑᜒᜈᜓ (Baybayin)
hidroheno (alternative)
idrohino (alternative)

[ʔɪˌd̪ɾoː.hɛˈn̪o]

Borrowed from Spanish hidrógeno, from French hydrogène, coined by Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau and Antoine Lavoisier, from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”) + γεννάω (gennáō, “I bring forth”). Doublet of haydrodyen.

Antoine Lavoisier
Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau


kuwento

ᜃᜓᜏᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)
kuento (alternative)
kwento (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish cuento (“story”), from Vulgar Latin *contu(s) / *comptu(s), from Latin computus.


daulat

[d̪ɐˈʔuː.lɐt̪̚]

Borrowed from Malay daulat, from Classical Persian دَوْلَت (dawlat), from Arabic دَوْلَة (dawla). Compare Indonesian daulat.


utal

person who stammers or stutters in speech


tapos

From Proto-Austronesian *tapus (“end, complete, finish”).

inh

end of a mourning period of a departed relative


tapos

finishing; completion (of something being done)

coming to an end; conclusion (of a program, meeting, etc.)


sabon

Borrowed from Early Modern Spanish jabón, from Old Spanish xabon.

bor+

(figurative) severe rebuke (against someone)


ilog

→ Kapampangan: ilug

→ Pangasinan: ilog

→ Ilocano: ilog

→ Sambali: ilog

→ Bolinao: ilog

From Proto-Philippine *íluʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *iluʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *iluʀ. Compare Central Melanau iluh.

Dapat pamangkaan ang ilog.

The river should be used for maritime transport.


tika

resolution; decision or determination to do

contrition; feeling of sorrow, etc., especially for wrongdoing, repentance, or remorse


tika

ashy crane; wild, long-legged bird with a yellow beak


tika

slight limp in walking, especially when one feels pain in the heel or sole of the foot


saway

sawáy (canonical)
ᜐᜏᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
sauay (alternative)


imbornal

imbornál (canonical)
ᜁᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜇ᜔ᜈᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


kromosoma

Borrowed from Spanish cromosoma, from German Chromosom.


siba

gluttony; voracity; avarice; greediness; voraciousness


almoneda

ᜀᜎ᜔ᜋᜓᜈᜒᜇ (Baybayin)
almuneda (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish almoneda (“clearance; sale at reduced price”), from Andalusian Arabic المُنَادَة (al-munáda), from Arabic مُنَادَاة (munādāh, “auction”).


hinay

From Proto-Central Philippine *hinay (“slow”). Compare Cebuano hinay and Tausug hinay.

moderation in the manner of one's action, movement, or speech


korporal

korporál (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜉᜓᜇᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish corporal, from Latin corporālis. Doublet of kulpuralis.

(Christianity, ecclesiastical) corporal (linen cloth on which the elements of the Eucharist are placed)


tilas

From Proto-Central Philippine *tilqas. Compare Cebuano til-as.

worm-like, hairy larvae or caterpillar of various insects (especially butterflies)


tipar

tipár (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜉᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
typar (alternative)
tiparts (alternative)
tipak (alternative)


Igorot

[ʔɪ.ɣoˈɾot̪̚]

From Hispanization of i- (“demonym prefix”) + gulot (“mountain range”). Doublet of Igorote.

prefix

Igorot; Cordilleran (indigenous inhabitant of the Luzon Cordillera mountain ranges in the Philippines)


liit

liít (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜁᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
liyit (alternative obsolete)

[ˈliː.ʔɪt̪̚]

From Central Proto-Philippine *Diət (“small; little; few”). Compare Kapampangan dit /lati, Bikol Central diit /dikit /sadit, Hanunoo dait, and Cebuano diyot. Possibly related to Proto-Austronesian *dikit. Compare Malay dikit.

inh

(obsolete) pulverization; granularization; grinding into tiny bits


liit

[ˈliː.ʔɪt̪̚]


kumot

Gumamit ka ng kumot ngayong gabi dahil maginaw.

Use a blanket tonight because it is cold.

act of covering something with a blanket (especially one's body when sleeping)


kwento

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of kwento.


biya

biyâ (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
bia (alternative)


bango

bangó (canonical)
ᜊᜅᜓ (Baybayin)
bang͂o (alternative)

From Proto-Philippine *baŋ(ə)lúh (“fragrance”) with elision of /l/. Compare Ilocano banglo, Sambali bangloh, Kapampangan banglu, Asi bangyo, Mansaka ballo, and Maranao bango.


biyas

biyás (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜌᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
bias (alternative obsolete)

internode (of bamboo, sugar canes, etc.)

(anatomy) part of leg or arm between the joints


kanape

kanapé (canonical)
ᜃᜈᜉᜒ (Baybayin)
kamape (alternative)


kiluwa

kiluwâ (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜎᜓᜏ (Baybayin)
keluwa (alternative)
kelwa (alternative)
kilwa (alternative)


sajada

ᜐᜇ᜔ᜌᜇ (Baybayin)
sadyada (alternative)
sajadah (alternative)
sajadan (alternative)
sadyadan (alternative)

[sɐˈd͡ʒaː.d̪ɐ]

Unadapted borrowing from Arabic سَجَّادَة (sajjāda, “prayer rug”). The insertion of the final /n/ in variants is perhaps influenced by other Philippine languages in Mindanao. Compare Tausug sudjara, Indonesian sajadah, and Malay sejadah. See also -an suffix.


kusina

tl-noun

kusina or kusinà (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜐᜒᜈ)

kusina (canonical)
kusinà (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜐᜒᜈ (Baybayin)
cosina (alternative)
kosina (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish cocina (“kitchen”), from Late Latin cocīna, from earlier coquīna.


absurdismo

tl-noun

absurdismo (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐᜓᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)

ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐᜓᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ (Baybayin)


absurdista

absurdista (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐᜓᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐᜓᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)


kahab-an

kahab-án (canonical)
ᜃᜑᜊ᜔ᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
cahab-an (alternative)
cahab an (alternative)
cahaban (alternative)
kahaban (alternative obsolete)

Syncopic form of kahabaan, from haba + ka- -an.


huyad

gait of a fat person or a pregnant woman (where one walks with difficulty)


paghuyad

act of walking with difficulty as in the case of a very stout person or a pregnant woman


entremetida

entremetida (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜋᜒᜆᜒᜇ)

ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜋᜒᜆᜒᜇ (Baybayin)
intrimitida (alternative)

[ʔɛn̪.t̪ɾɛ.mɛˈt̪iː.d̪ɐ]

female equivalent of entremetido: female meddler; female noser; meddlesome woman


kundiman

The name of the love song is possibly due to the strong association of love to the color of the cloth. Compare Cebuano kundiman, Hiligaynon kundiman, Calamian Tagbanwa kundiman, Palawan Batak kundiman, Hanunoo kundiman.

(music) kundiman (a genre of native love songs or serenades)


karot

Borrowed from English carrot, from Middle English karette and Middle French carotte, both from Latin carōta, from Ancient Greek καρωτόν (karōtón).


monigote

ᜋᜓᜈᜒᜄᜓᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
munigote (alternative)

(figurative) simpleton; idiot; stupid person


kutsinta

kutsintâ (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)
cochinta (alternative)
kuchinta (alternative)

Possibly from Malay. See Malay kuih (“bite-sized pastry cake”), Malay cinta (“affection; love”). See also Malay kuih kosui.

kutsinta (a red or yellow steamed rice cake with a chewy, jelly-like consistency, popular in the Philippines)


kontinente

kontinente (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish continente, from Latin continēns, continentem.

continent (each of main land-masses on earth's surface)


lulos

passing through without delay or interruption


hipik

rise and fall of the abdomen as a result of breathing


basurera

[bɐ.sʊˈɾɛː.ɾɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish basurera, By surface analysis, basura + -era.

female equivalent of basurero: female garbage collector


ipis

→ Bikol Central: ipis

From Proto-Philippine *ipəs (compare Bikol Central ipis, Cebuano ipos, Ilocano ipes, Kapampangan ipas), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ipəs (compare Kimaragang lipos, Malay lipas, Minangkabau lipeh), from Proto-Austronesian *Sipəs (compare Amis dadipis, Atayal hipux, Kavalan sipes, Sakizaya dadipis).

(Marinduque) young, tiny cockroach (in its molting stage)


tangkal

tangkál (canonical)
ᜆᜅ᜔ᜃᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
tangcal (alternative)

From Proto-Philippine *taŋkal (“coop, as for chickens; pen, as for pigs”). Compare Bikol Central tangkal (“pigsty”).

inh

(obsolete) carving of wood to smooth it out


luga

(pathology) smelly pus secretion in the ear


awang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *awaŋ (“atmosphere, space between earth and sky”). Compare Malay awang. See also kawang.


saab

singing; burning (of something superficially over a flame)


abrotano

abrótanó (canonical)
ᜀᜊ᜔ᜇᜓᜆᜈᜓ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐˌbɾoː.t̪ɐˈn̪o]

Borrowed from Spanish abrótano, from Medieval Latin abrotanum, from Latin abrotonum, from Ancient Greek ἀβρότονον (abrótonon).

Artemisia abrotanum
Artemisia abrotanum#Translingual


amats

Back slang of tama (“hit”) + -s, ellipsis of tama sa ulo (“hit on the head”).

May amats na si Marvic, kanina pa umiinom ng vodka eh.

Marvic got the kick, he was drinking vodka since earlier.

kick (stimulation provided by an intoxicating substance, such as drugs or alcohol)

Gago ka! Ang lakas ng amats mo!

You fool! Your hit (on the head) is strong!


hunta

tl-noun

hunta or huntá (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜓᜈ᜔ᜆ)

hunta (canonical)
huntá (canonical)
ᜑᜓᜈ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)

(colloquial) long, tiresome conversation


adornador

adornadór (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜓᜇ᜔ᜈᜇᜓᜇ᜔)

adornadór (canonical)
ᜀᜇᜓᜇ᜔ᜈᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐ.d̪oɾ.n̪ɐˈd̪oɾ]


aerograma

ᜀᜌᜒᜇᜓᜄ᜔ᜇᜋ (Baybayin)
erograma (alternative)

[ʔɐ.ɛ.ɾoˈɡɾaː.mɐ]

aerogram (a thin piece of foldable and gummed paper for writing a letter and serving as its own envelope for transit via airmail)


klinik

Borrowed from English clinic.Doublet of klinika.


hiyo

hiyô (canonical)
hiyó (canonical)
ᜑᜒᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


hapo

gasping; panting; breathing with difficulty


garupa

Epinephelus fuscoguttatus
Wikispecies:Epinephelus fuscoguttatus

brown-marbled grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus)


tumbaga

Borrowed from Spanish tumbaga, from Malay tembaga, from Sanskrit ताम्रक (tāmraka, “copper”) or Sanskrit उडुम्बर (uḍumbara, “copper”).


anito

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qanitu (cf. Samoan aitu, Malay hantu), from Proto-Austronesian *qaNiCu (cf. Bunun hanitu).

superstitious custom; superstitious practice


urang

long stake, picket, or pile used as a post in making fences (usually pointed at one end for driving into the ground)


kandungan

ᜃᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜅᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
candong̃an (alternative)

[kɐn̪ˈd̪uː.ŋɐn̪]


kabata

From ka- + bata. Compare Cebuano kabata.

sa aking mga kabata


tite

[ˈt̪iː.t̪ɛʔ]


trumpo

trumpó (canonical)
ᜆ᜔ᜇᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜓ (Baybayin)
tarumpo (alternative colloquial)
turumpo (alternative colloquial)
trompo (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish trompo. Compare Ilocano tarampo.


sisay

From monophthongization of the first syllable of saysay.


loobpananagos

loobpananagós (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ᜉᜈᜈᜄᜓᜐ᜔)

loobpananagós (canonical)
ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ᜉᜈᜈᜄᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

From loob + pananagos (“passing through; osmosis (neologism)”).

com

pananagos<t:passing through; osmosis (neologism)>


ngipin

From Proto-Philippine *ŋipən, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nipən, from Proto-Austronesian *nipən.


pirit

[ˈpiː.ɾɪt̪̚]

small singing bird, similar to a sparrow


kroni

Na tapat ang iyong umano'y adhika // Na eliminahin yaong mga linta // Hangga't di mo tunay na sinasawata // Ang 'yong mga kroni, kaanak, at tuta.

1985, Francisco Soc Rodrigo, Mga tula at tilamsik ng diwa:

(by extension, informal) subordinate; follower


buhos

(figurative) full exertion (of one's strength)


kutsilyo

ᜃᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


tambay

→ English: tambay

From a clipping of istambay, from English stand by.


tambay

instantaneous death (especially with a single blow, stab, shot, etc.)


antok

antók (canonical)
ᜀᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
antoc (alternative)

[ʔɐn̪ˈt̪ok̚]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qantuk. Compare Malay antuk.


talaga

From Proto-Philippine *talagá (“truly, surely, really, in fact”). Compare Kapampangan tagana and Bikol Central talaga.

inh

act of inducting or installing (of officers, officials, etc.)

act of assigning an employee (to a certain place)

act of setting aside of something (for a certain purpose)


talaga

[t̪ɐˈlaː.ɣɐʔ]

Possibly borrowed from Malay telaga, from Sanskrit तलक (talaka, “pond”). Compare Javanese ꦠ꧀ꦭꦒ (tlaga, “lake”), Kapampangan talaga, Sundanese talaga (“lake”), and Ternate talaga (“lake”).


suang

ᜐᜓᜀᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
souang (alternative)
suwang (alternative)


hiso

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hisuq (“clean oneself by scrubbing”). Compare Ilocano iso, Tuwali Ifugao ihu, Bikol Central hiso, and Javanese ꦲꦶꦱꦸꦃ (isuh).


usap

Early borrowing from Malay ucap (“to utter”).


machang

[ˈmaː.t͡ʃɐŋ]


sikang

crosspiece or horizontal prop placed between two posts, walls, etc. in a house framework (to prevent them from leaning towards each other)

crosspiece or wedge put crosswise into an opening to prevent it from collapsing or closing

forcible opening of someone's mouth and putting of a wedge between the jaws to prevent it from closing

wedge placed between the jaws to prevent it from closing

keeping of one's eye open to prevent sleep

(figurative) suppressing of one's passion


gurami

Compare Javanese ꦒꦸꦫꦩꦶ (gurami) and Malay gurami.

snakeskin gourami (Trichopodus pectoralis)


rindi

rindí (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜒ (Baybayin)
rendi (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish rendir, from Old Spanish rendir, older render, from Late Latin rendere, from Latin reddere.


balikbayan

tl-noun

balikbayan (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜊᜌᜈ᜔)

expatriate that returns to their native country (especially Filipinos)


tikas

physical bearing; carriage; way or manner of carrying oneself

achira; Indian shot; canna (Canna indica)


sintones

ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜈᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


tekas

ᜆᜒᜃᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
teksas (alternative)
texas (alternative)

An alteration of teksas, from English Texas, a reference to characters in westerns or horse operas, as well as referring to a breed of rooster for cockfight, from Spanish Texas, from Hasinai Caddo táyshaʔ (“friend, ally”). Compare Waray-Waray tekas.


alegorista

alegorista (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎᜒᜄᜓᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜀᜎᜒᜄᜓᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)

allegorist (one who speaks or writes in allegories)


alila

[ʔɐˈliː.lɐʔ]


direktora

[d̪ɪ.ɾɛkˈt̪oː.ɾɐ]

female equivalent of direktor: female director

female equivalent of direktor: female manager


Waray

Borrowed from Waray-Waray waray (“not”), originally a derogatory term often heard by non-Waray-Waray speakers.

Waray-Waray (speaker of the Waray language)


telebasura

Blend of telebisyon + basura, possibly independently coined or derived from Spanish telebasura.


antem

Borrowed from English anthem, from Middle English anteme, from Old English antefn, antefen and Old French antiene, anteine, anteivne, from Latin antiphōna, from Ancient Greek ἀντίφωνα (antíphōna). Doublet of antipona.


sigi

sigî (canonical)
sigí (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜄᜒ (Baybayin)


taog

[ˈt̪aː.ʔoɡ̚]


yuko

yukô (canonical)
ᜌᜓᜃᜓ (Baybayin)
yoco (alternative)

From Proto-Philippine *yukúq (“to stoop, bend down”). Compare Masbatenyo yuko. Doublet of yukos.

inh

act of bending the body or lowering the head forward (as in when passing a low clearance)


yukos

act of crushing something into creases or wrinkles

creases; wrinkles (of clothes, paper, etc.)


impormasyon

tl-noun

impormasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜇ᜔ᜋᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

impormasyón (canonical)
ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜇ᜔ᜋᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
impormasiyon (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish información, from Latin īnfōrmātiōnem (“formation, conception; education”), with sound shift from /n/ to /m/ preceding labial consonants.


yupi

dent; dint; hollow made by a blow or pressure


antipolo

ᜀᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜉᜓᜎᜓ (Baybayin)
atipolo (alternative)
antipulo (alternative)

From Proto-Philippine *qatipulu (“breadfruit: Artocarpus spp.”). Doublet of atipuo.

inh

Artocarpus blancoi (a species of tree endemic to the Philippines)


langgam

langgám (canonical)
ᜎᜅ᜔ᜄᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)
langam (alternative)
lamgam (alternative obsolete)

From Proto-Philippine *lamʀam (“vermin”). Compare Ilocano langgam (“bird”), Hanunoo langgam (“millipede”), Calamian Tagbanwa lamlam (“bird”), Bikol Central gamgam (“bird”), Aklanon eanggam (“rat”), Cebuano langgam (“bird”), Western Bukidnon Manobo langgam (“any non-human creature”), and Binukid langgam (“wild beast”).


abstrakto

tl-noun

abstrakto (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜃ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜀᜊ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜃ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish abstracto, from Latin abstractus. The noun sense is a semantic loan from English abstract. Doublet of abstrak.


putik

From Proto-Philippine *putik (“mud”). Compare Maranao potik and Malagasy fotaka. See also Ilocano pitak, Tausug pisak, and Malay becak.


putik

Ellipsis of putik na, which is a minced oath of putang ina. Also rhymes with lintik.


panalo

From pan- + talo, literally “defeater; victor”.

prefix

Ako ang panalo!

Lagi na lang sila ang panalo.


panalo

panaló (canonical)
ᜉᜈᜎᜓ (Baybayin)
pansalo (alternative)


translacion

tl-noun

translación (Baybayin spelling ᜆ᜔ᜇᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)

translación (canonical)
ᜆ᜔ᜇᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜎᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
translasyon (alternative)

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English translation, influenced by Spanish traslación, with Hispanized spelling.


pasalubong

From pa- + salubong.
* (noun): Literally, “something for the time of meeting or encounter (such as a welcome)”.
* (adjective): Literally, “on such a way where two converges”.

lit

Kasunod niyan ay nabanggit ni PBBM na bumisita ang mga anak ni Kris upang magpasalamat at magbigay ng pasalubong.

2024 July 11, Pauline de Rosario, “PBBM binuking relasyon nina Josh, Bimby kay FL Liza: She's their aunt!”, in Bandera:

Following that is a mention by PBBM that the children of Kris visited in order to thank and to give a gift.

gift brought by a traveller returning from a trip; souvenir


pulutan

ᜉᜓᜎᜓᜆᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
polotan (alternative)

finger food; hors d'oeuvre; appetizer; savories; tidbits with cocktails, etc.


Dra.

tl-noun

Dra. (masculine Dr., Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ)

(medicine, sciences) abbreviation of Doktora: Dr. (as a female title)


kontras

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of kontrast.


asebo

Borrowed from Spanish acebo, from Old Spanish azevo, from Vulgar Latin *acifolium or *acifulum, ultimately from Latin aquifolium.


labandero

labandero (feminine labandera, Baybayin spelling ᜎᜊᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜓ)

labandera (feminine)
ᜎᜊᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish lavandero (“laundryman”).


labandera

[lɐ.bɐn̪ˈd̪ɛː.ɾɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish lavandera (“laundrywoman”).

female equivalent of labandero: laundrywoman; washerwoman


labaha

Borrowed from Spanish navaja (“razor; penknife”) with sound shift from /n/ to /l/, from Vulgar Latin *navācla, from Latin novācula (“razor”). Doublet of labasa and nabasa.


dehado

Borrowed from Spanish dejado (“left behind”).

underdog (especially in a fighting game with bets, such as horse racing, cockfighting, etc.)


banderitas

tl-noun

banderitas (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜆᜐ᜔)

ᜊᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜒᜆᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish banderitas (“flaglets”), plural form of banderita. Doublet of bandereta.

bor+

party flags (hung up during festivals or parties)


banderita

[bɐn̪.d̪ɛˈɾiː.t̪ɐ]


kastor

Borrowed from Spanish castor, from Latin castor (“beaver”), from Ancient Greek κάστωρ (kástōr), from Doric Greek κάστον (káston, “wood”). Doublet of kastuli.


komite

komité (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
kumite (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish comité, from French comité, from English committee.


pilak

Borrowed from Malay pirak, obsolete form of perak, from Proto-Malayic *pirak, possibly of Khmeric origin.


hibi

Borrowed from Hokkien 蝦米 /虾米 (hê-bí, “dried shrimp”). Compare Indonesian ebi.


hibi

pouting; pursing of one's lips (as of someone about to cry)


buturan

[bʊˈt̪uː.ɾɐn̪]


mulpikan

Syncopic form of mulapikan, from mulapik + -an.


dagisikan

dagisikán (canonical)
ᜇᜄᜒᜐᜒᜃᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


tunugan

[t̪ʊ.n̪ʊˈɣan̪]

[ˌt̪uːˈn̪uː.ɣɐn̪]


tunog

tunóg (canonical)
ᜆᜓᜈᜓᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)
tonog (alternative)

From Proto-Philippine *tunuʀ (“sound, voice”), possibly from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tənəʀ (“sound, voice”). Compare tinig.

inh

Malakas ang tunog ng kanyang tinig.

sonority; resonance; clear and strong sound


sugaan

[sʊˈɣaː.ʔɐn̪]


isigan

[ʔɪˈsiː.ɣɐn̪]

[ˌʔiːˈsiː.ɣɐn̪]


dagitigilan

tl-noun

dagitigilan (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜄᜒᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔)

ᜇᜄᜒᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɐ.ɣɪ.t̪ɪˈɣiː.lɐn̪]


sigmuan

[sɪɡˈmuː.ʔɐn̪]


danumsigwasan

danumsigwasan (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜈᜓᜋ᜔ᜐᜒᜄ᜔ᜏᜐᜈ᜔)

ᜇᜈᜓᜋ᜔ᜐᜒᜄ᜔ᜏᜐᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From danum- (“hydro-”, neologism) + sigwasan (“mechanics”, neologism).


buhagsigwasan

tl-noun

buhagsigwasan (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜑᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜄ᜔ᜏᜐᜈ᜔)

ᜊᜓᜑᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜄ᜔ᜏᜐᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


sugnayan

Blend of kusog + hanayan, from Cebuano kusog.


sugnayanon

sugnayanon (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜌᜈᜓᜈ᜔)

ᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜌᜈᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


mansusugnay

mansusugnay (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜌ᜔)

ᜋᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

From man- + sugnay, with partial reduplication, with the root (not to be confused with sugnay (“clause”)) being a blend of Cebuano kusog + hanay.


danumtigilan

danumtigilan (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜈᜓᜋ᜔ᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔)

ᜇᜈᜓᜋ᜔ᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


hangintigilan

hangintigilan (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜅᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔)

ᜑᜅᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[hɐ.ŋɪn̪.t̪ɪˈɣiː.lɐn̪]


buhagtigilan

buhagtigilan (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜑᜄ᜔ᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔)

ᜊᜓᜑᜄ᜔ᜆᜒᜄᜒᜎᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


danum-isigan

danúm-isigan (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜈᜓᜋ᜔ᜁᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔)

danúm-isigan (canonical)
ᜇᜈᜓᜋ᜔ᜁᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɐ.n̪ʊm.ʔɪˈsiː.ɣɐn̪]


hanginsigan

hanginsigan (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜅᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔)

ᜑᜅᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[hɐ.ŋɪn̪ˈsiː.ɣɐn̪]


buhagsigan

buhagsigan (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜑᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔)

ᜊᜓᜑᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


dagitsigan

dagitsigan (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔)

ᜇᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɐ.ɣɪt̪ˈsiː.ɣɐn̪]


initan

[ʔɪˈn̪iː.t̪ɐn̪]

[ʔɪ.n̪ɪˈt̪an̪]


initan

[ʔɪˈn̪iː.t̪ɐn̪]

[ʔɪ.n̪ɪˈt̪an̪]

heating vessel (for heating water, food, etc.)


agbarugan

[ʔɐɡ.bɐˈɾuː.ɣɐn̪]


agbarog

[ʔɐɡˈbaː.ɾoɡ̚]

Blend of agham + barog, from Cebuano barog.


himbabahay

himbabahay (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒᜋ᜔ᜊᜊᜑᜌ᜔)

From him- + bahay, from an initial reduplication of bahay.


dagitban

dagitbán (canonical)
ᜇᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜊᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Syncopic form of dagitaban, from dagitab + -an.

electricity (field of physical science and technology)


dutaan

[d̪ʊˈt̪aː.ʔɐn̪]


labawsugnayan

labawsugnayan (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜊᜏ᜔ᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜌᜈ᜔)

ᜎᜊᜏ᜔ᜐᜓᜄ᜔ᜈᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From labaw- (meta-) + sugnayan, from Cebuano labaw (“beyond”).


aghimo

Blend of agham (“science”) + Cebuano himo (“to make; to construct”).


aghimuan

ᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜒᜋᜓᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐɡ.hɪˈmuː.ʔɐn̪]


mang-aaghimuan

tl-noun

mang-aaghimuan (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜅ᜔ᜀᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜒᜋᜓᜀᜈ᜔)

ᜋᜅ᜔ᜀᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜒᜋᜓᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[mɐŋ.ʔɐ.ʔɐɡ.hɪˈmuː.ʔɐn̪]


siksin

tlb

(physics, chemistry, geometry, neologism)


pagkaigkasin

tl-noun

pagkaigkasin (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜁᜄ᜔ᜃᜐᜒᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜁᜄ᜔ᜃᜐᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


matwiran

From matwid (“reason”) + -an, from tuwid.


buhag

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puhaʀ (“smoke out bees”). Doublet of puhag.


salipawpaw

tl-noun

salipawpáw (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎᜒᜉᜏ᜔ᜉᜏ᜔)

salipawpáw (canonical)
ᜐᜎᜒᜉᜏ᜔ᜉᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)
salipapaw (alternative)

Either a portmanteau of the Tagalog "sasakyang lumilipad sa papawirin" or "sasakyang lumilipad sa himpapawid", or perhaps a blend of salipadpad + lipaw. Allegedly coined by Lope K. Santos, it has since become a controversial example of alleged excessive linguistic purism of the now defunct Surian ng Wikang Pambansa, together with the word salumpuwit.
Compare Northern Kankanay men-alipawpaw (“to hover”).

cog

—A, huwag mong paniwalaan iyan! — aniko na lamang pagka't naramdaman kong nagipit ako. — Iyan ay salipawpaw lamang ng mapangaraping diwa ng mga makata upang lagyan ng tingkad ang kulay ng mga kasaysayan!

1947, Juan Rivera Lazaro, Kung umibig ang artista:

Oh, don't believe that! — I just said because I felt I was stuck. — That is only a plane of the dreamlike spirit of the poets to add brightness to the color of history!

...impormasyon kay General lalo'y kasama ngayon si Presidente sa Numero Uno, at sa presidential plane man. Salipawpaw Bilang Isa. Hindi na sasabihan ni Juan Andres kay Jake ang dapat gawin.

1998, Buenaventura S. Medina, Huling Himagsik:

...information to the General especially now the President is included in Number One, and in the presidential plane too. Airplane Number One. Juan Andres will no longer tell Jake what to do.

Commission on the Filipino Language
Lope K. Santos
Tagalog language


daktinig

[d̪ɐkˈt̪iː.n̪ɪɡ̚]


hatinig

[hɐˈt̪iː.n̪ɪɡ̚]


hudo

Borrowed from Spanish judo (“judo”), from Japanese 柔道(じゅうどう) (jūdō, “judo”). Doublet of diyudo.

ja-r

柔道(じゅうどう) (jūdō, “judo”)


palamuhayan

tl-noun

palamuhayan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜋᜓᜑᜌᜈ᜔)


pabuya

reward in return for someone's kindness as a form of gratitude


katuruan

katuruán (canonical)
ᜃᜆᜓᜇᜓᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[kɐ.t̪ʊ.ɾʊˈʔan̪]

[kɐ.t̪ʊˈɾuː.ʔɐn̪]

moral lesson learned (from one's elders)

either of the two persons pointing at each other


katuruan

[kɐ.t̪ʊ.ɾʊˈʔan̪]

[kɐ.t̪ʊˈɾuː.ʔɐn̪]


agamahan

[ʔɐ.ɣɐˈmaː.hɐn̪]

From Maranao agama + -han, from Sanskrit आगम (āgama). Compare agham.


palamakatauhan

palamakatauhan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜋᜃᜆᜂᜑᜈ᜔)


libuntaon

líbuntaón (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜂᜈ᜔)

líbuntaón (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜂᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Ito ang pinagmulan ng katakot-takot na ilusyong optikal na matagal nang naging kaugalian sa atin, na kung papaano ang materyang pangkasaysayan ng mga libuntaon na may kalayuan, tulad halimbawa ng Matandang Ehipto at Tsina, ay...

1975, Kolehiyo ng Sining at Agham, Unibersidad ng Pilipinas, Ang Kasaysayan: Diwa at Lawak:


sakupbayan

sakupbayan (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜃᜓᜉ᜔ᜊᜌᜈ᜔)


lupain

[lʊ.pɐˈʔɪn̪]


pagkamakagahum

pagkamakagahum (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜋᜃᜄᜑᜓᜋ᜔)

ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜋᜃᜄᜑᜓᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

From pagka- + maka- + gahum (“hegemony; emperor”), literally “being towards hegemony”, with the root from Cebuano gahom (“power; authority”).


pagkamakabagunsakupin

tl-noun

pagkamakabagunsakupin (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜋᜃᜊᜄᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜃᜓᜉᜒᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜋᜃᜊᜄᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜃᜓᜉᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


kamihasnan

kámihasnán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜋᜒᜑᜐ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔)

kámihasnán (canonical)
ᜃᜋᜒᜑᜐ᜔ᜈᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Syncopic form of kamihasanan, from mihasa + ka- -nan.


balisungsong

balisungsóng (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜎᜒᜐᜓᜅ᜔ᜐᜓᜅ᜔)

balisungsóng (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜒᜐᜓᜅ᜔ᜐᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
balisungsung (alternative)

funnel-shaped container made of leaf or paper


pandakong paningob

pandakóng paningob (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜈ᜔ᜇᜃᜓᜅ᜔ ᜉᜈᜒᜅᜓᜊ᜔)

pandakóng paningob (canonical)
ᜉᜈ᜔ᜇᜃᜓᜅ᜔ ᜉᜈᜒᜅᜓᜊ᜔ (Baybayin)

From pandako (“magnifier”) + paningob (“lens”). The first element comes from Cebuano dako (“big; large”), while the second element comes from Cebuano tingob (“concentrate; condense”).


lumboy

Syzygium cumini
Syzygium cumini#Translingual


alusitha

alusithâ (canonical)
ᜀᜎᜓᜐᜒᜆ᜔ᜑ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Sanskrit आलोचित (ālocita, “considered; reflected upon”). Compare Old Javanese ālocita (“consideration, reflexion”).


agimatan

[ʔɐ.ɣɪˈmaː.t̪ɐn̪]


utot

utót (canonical)
ᜂᜆᜓᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
otot (alternative)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutut (“flatulence; to fart”), from Proto-Austronesian *qətut (“fart; flatulence”). Cognate with Aklanon utot, Bikol Central atot, Asi utot, Cebuano utot, Maranao tot, Waray-Waray tot. Compare Malay kentut and Thai ตด (dtòt).

inh

Narinig ng lahat ang kanyang utot.


agham-wika

tl-noun

aghám-wikà (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜋ᜔ᜏᜒᜃ)

aghám-wikà (canonical)
ᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜋ᜔ᜏᜒᜃ (Baybayin)
aghamwika (alternative)

From agham (“science”) + wika (“language”).

Iyan ang dahilan kung bakit mayroon tayong lingguwistika o aghamwika.

1971, Katipunan, Volume 1, Kagawaran ng Araling Pilipino, Ateneo de Manila, page 14:

That is the reason why we have linguistics.


sumalapaw

Synanceia horrida
Wikispecies:Synanceia horrida


bintag

[bɪn̪ˈt̪aɡ̚]

derrick (device used for lifting large objects)


idalum

Borrowed from Hiligaynon idalum (“underneath”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *i daləm (“below, beneath; inside”), from Proto-Austronesian *daləm (“in, inside; deep”). Doublet of ilalim.


karaniwang kababaang parirami

tl-noun

karaniwang kababaang parirami (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜇᜈᜒᜏᜅ᜔ ᜃᜊᜊᜀᜅ᜔ ᜉᜇᜒᜇᜋᜒ)

ᜃᜇᜈᜒᜏᜅ᜔ ᜃᜊᜊᜀᜅ᜔ ᜉᜇᜒᜇᜋᜒ (Baybayin)

[kɐ.ɾɐˌn̪iː.wɐŋ kɐ.bɐˌbaː.ʔɐm pɐ.ɾɪˈɾaː.mɪ]

Calque of English ordinary least squares.


lalagyan

Syncopic form of lalagayan, from an initial reduplication of lagayan, from lagay + -an. Can also be analyzed as an initial reduplication of lagyan.


longganisa

ᜎᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜈᜒᜐ (Baybayin)
langgonisa (alternative)
langgunisa (alternative)
longanisa (alternative)
longaniza (alternative)
lungganisa (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish longaniza, from Vulgar Latin *lūcānicia, from Latin lūcānica.

longaniza (Filipino sausage of Spanish origin)


lihim

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lihim. Compare Asi lihim, Bikol Central hilom, Cebuano hilom, and Central Melanau lim.


kalihim

From ka- + lihim (“secret”), with the “secretary” sense coined around the 1890s-1900s.


lagnat

[lɐɡˈn̪at̪̚]

From Proto-Central Philippine *ra(g)nat (“fever”). Compare Kapampangan lagnat, Aklanon eagnat, Kinaray-a ragnat, Cebuano hilanat, and Waray-Waray hiranat.


lagmak

condition of being helplessly prostrate or bedridden


galauran

[ɡɐ.lɐˈʔuː.ɾɐn̪]


lagda

From Proto-Central Philippine *lagdaʔ (“pattern; rule”). Compare Kapampangan lagda, Bikol Central lagda, Aklanon eagda, and Cebuano lagda.


lagaylay

[lɐ.ɣaɪ̯ˈlaɪ̯]

condition of hanging down (as of the wings of a tired bird, or arms of a tired person)


lagkit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *la(ŋ)kət. Compare with Malay lengket and lekit.


malagkit

malagkít (canonical)
ᜋᜎᜄ᜔ᜃᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
malagquit (alternative)

[mɐ.lɐɡˈkɪt̪̚]


tingiring tayahan

tl-noun

tíngíring táyáhan (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜅᜒᜇᜒᜅ᜔ ᜆᜌᜑᜈ᜔)

tíngíring táyáhan (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜅᜒᜇᜒᜅ᜔ ᜆᜌᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ˌt̪iːˌŋiː.ɾɪn̪ ˌt̪aːˈjaː.hɐn̪]

differential calculus
differential calculus

(mathematics, neologism) differential calculus


kabalintunaan

kabalintunaan (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜈᜀᜈ᜔)

ᜃᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜈᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


retratista

retratista (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜆ᜔ᜇᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜇᜒᜆ᜔ᜇᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)
litratista (alternative common)
ritratista (alternative rare uncommon)

[ɾɛt̪.ɾɐˈt̪is.t̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish retratista (“portrait painter”).


lalanghutan

tl-noun

lalanghutan or lalanghután (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜎᜅ᜔ᜑᜓᜆᜈ᜔)

lalanghutan (canonical)
lalanghután (canonical)
ᜎᜎᜅ᜔ᜑᜓᜆᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Possibly from an obsolete Tagalog word langhot.


tabigi

[t̪ɐˈbiː.ɣɪʔ]

cannonball mangrove (Xylocarpus granatum)


kamyon

kamyón (canonical)
ᜃᜋ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
kamion (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish camión, from French camion.


Nazareno

ᜈᜐᜇᜒᜈᜓ (Baybayin)
Nasareno (alternative)

[n̪ɐ.sɐˈɾɛː.n̪o]

Unadapted borrowing from Spanish nazareno, from Late Latin nazarēnus, from Ancient Greek Ναζαρηνός (Nazarēnós).


dyet

Borrowed from English jet, from French jet (“spurt”, literally “a throw”), from Old French get, giet, from Vulgar Latin *iectus, jectus, from Latin iactus (“a throwing, a throw”). See also itsa.


lasuna

lasunâ (canonical)
ᜎᜐᜓᜈ (Baybayin)
lasona (alternative)

Ultimately from Sanskrit लशुन (laśuna, “garlic, onion”), since displaced by the Spanish borrowing sibuyas. Compare Ilocano lasona, Kapampangan lasuna, Cebuano lasuna, and Malay dasun.


ahos

Borrowed from Spanish ajos, plural of ajo. See more at aho.


karbin

Borrowed from English carbine, from French carabine. Doublet of karabina.

carbine, a rifle shorter in length and lighter in weight


bampira

Borrowed from Spanish vampira (“vampire”).


bola-bola

ᜊᜓᜎᜊᜓᜎ (Baybayin)
bolabola (alternative)

Reduplication of bola (“ball”). Literally, “ball-like”.


wakwak

wakwák (canonical)
ᜏᜃ᜔ᜏᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
uacuac (alternative)

act of tearing or ripping something wide open

condition of being ripped or torn violently


wakwak

tl-noun

wakwák or wakwak (Baybayin spelling ᜏᜃ᜔ᜏᜃ᜔)

wakwák (canonical)
wakwak (canonical)
ᜏᜃ᜔ᜏᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
uacuac (alternative)

(mythology) wakwak (nocturnal, vampiric, bird-like creature in Philippine mythology bringing bad omens)


kerida

kerida (masculine kerido, Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜇᜒᜇ)

[kɛˈɾiː.d̪ɐ]

(colloquial) mistress; paramour; concubine

(uncommon) dear; honey; darling (female)


anay

[ˈʔaː.n̪aɪ̯]

From Proto-Philippine *anay, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *anay, from Proto-Austronesian *aNay. Compare Malay anai-anai.


kabit

From Proto-Philippine *kabit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kabit, from Proto-Austronesian *kabit (“hook”). Doublet of kawit.

May tomboy na kasama ang kabit niyang Pinay, pulos lilimampuin ang hawak. May isang weyter na TNT na nguya nang nguya sa isang tabi at panay ang sagupsop ng orange juice. May playboy na ngising-demonyo, tipong sinusuwerte.

His Filipina mistress is joined by a lesbian, holding fifty-liter bottles. There is a waiter, an illegal, who keeps on chewing and sipping orange juice on the corner. There is also a playboy who smiles like the devil, one who is happy-go-lucky.

(colloquial, derogatory) mistress; paramour; concubine


petsa

Borrowed from Spanish fecha, an ellipsis of fecha carta (“indication of when the letter was made”), from Latin facta. Doublet of echos.


malanasi

Borrowed from Kapampangan malanasi, according to the Vocabulario de la lengua tagala (1860). From mala- + nasi, literally “boiled rice-like”.

prefix

a species of banana that produces fruit with green seeds


improbabilidad

tl-noun

improbabilidád (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜊᜊᜒᜎᜒᜇᜇ᜔)

improbabilidád (canonical)
ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜊᜊᜒᜎᜒᜇᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


filibusterismo

filibusterismo (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜎᜒᜊᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)

ᜉᜒᜎᜒᜊᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ (Baybayin)


laab

laab (canonical)
laáb (canonical)
ᜎᜀᜊ᜔ (Baybayin)


kuwitis

ᜃᜓᜏᜒᜆᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
kwitis (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish cohetes, plural of cohete (“rocket”), from Catalan coet, ultimately from Latin cauda (“tail”). Doublet of koda and kola.

Bukod sa limang banda ng musiko at tatlong orkestra na inarkila para maging maringal ang pista'y katakut-takot ding mga kuwitis at bomba ang pinapuputok.

year unknown, Noli Me Tangere Ni Jose Rizal 1999 Ed., Rex Bookstore, Inc., page 136

Una pa sa rito, ang mga iba't-ibang paraang ginamit ng mga Katipunan para hudyatan o senyasan ay ang pagpapataas o, pagpapalipad ng lobo, pagsisindi ng kuwitis.” at ang pagpatay . ng ilaw-elektrisidad sa , may Luneta, Maynila ...

1989, First National Conference on the Philippine-American War, 1899-1914, July 3-4, 1989:


kutson

kutsón (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
cochon (alternative)
colson (alternative)
kotson (alternative)
kulson (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Spanish colchón, with loss of /l/.


sangkap

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *saŋkap (“well-equipped, having what one needs to do live or do a job”). Compare Bikol Central sangkap, Waray-Waray sangkap, Maranao sangkap, Tausug sakap, Malay lengkap, Javanese ꦗꦁꦏꦼꦥ꧀ (jangkep), Javanese ꦱꦁꦏꦼꦥ꧀ (sangkep), Old Javanese saṅgĕp. Possibly related to Sanskrit साङ्ग (sāṅga, “having members, complete”).


gitna

gitnâ (canonical)
ᜄᜒᜆ᜔ᜈ (Baybayin)
guitna (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təŋaq with *gi- prefix (cf. Cebuano gi-). Compare Ilocano tengnga (“middle”), Kapampangan pitna (“halve”), Bikol Central tanga (“between”), Cebuano tunga (“half, middle, center”), Waray-Waray butnga (“middle”), Tausug tunga' (“half”), and Malay tengah (“mid, amid”). See also Tausug gi'tung (“middle”).


kuting

kutíng (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜆᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
coting (alternative)
cuting (alternative)

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kutíŋ. Cognate of Bikol Central kuting, Cebuano kuting, Tausug kuting, Indonesian kucing, and Malay kucing.


Arabo

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English Arab influenced by Spanish -o. Compare Mandarin 阿拉伯 (Ālābó).

pseudo-loan

(colloquial, loosely) Middle Eastern person (or resembling one)


letse

Borrowed from Spanish leche (“milk; semen”), from Late Latin lactem, from Latin lac. The derogatory sense is related to the Spanish me cago en la leche.


landang

(Boac-Mogpog Marinduque) light fever; slight fever


tambok

tambók (canonical)
ᜆᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
tamboc (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tambuk (“bulging, as the stomach”). Compare Bikol Central tambok, Cebuano tambok, and Tausug tambuk.


hipon

From Proto-Philippine *hípun (“small shrimp”). Compare Cebuano hipun (“tiny shrimp”) and Mansaka ipon (“small fish”). See also Central Dusun tipun (“shrimp”). The “butterface” sense is from people eating the body of the shrimp and treating the head as undesirable by throwing it away.

(figurative, slang, derogatory) butterface; prawn; shrimp (person with an attractive body but an unattractive face)


eroplano

ᜁᜇᜓᜉ᜔ᜎᜈᜓ (Baybayin)
eruplano (alternative)
aeroplano (alternative uncommon)

Borrowed from Spanish aeroplano (“airplane”), from French aéroplane, from Ancient Greek ἀερόπλανος (aeróplanos, “wandering in air”).

der

Sabik na sabik akong sumakay sa unang biyahe ko sa eroplano.

2015, Marshall E Gass, Maririlag na mga Hagod ng Brotsa:

I am very excited to embark on my first airplane trip.


dako

dakò (canonical)
ᜇᜃᜓ (Baybayin)
rako (alternative)


tawo

tlb

(now dialectal, Batangas, western Marinduque, uncommon in Rizal)


kamote

ᜃᜋᜓᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
kamuti (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Mexican Spanish camote (“sweet potato”), from Classical Nahuatl camohtli.
The sense about performing badly is possibly an expression suggesting students should instead plant potatoes, or possibly a play on the word kamot (“scratch”), about scratching one's head when not knowing what to do. However, some sources state that this sense already exists as part of Spanish slang.
Compare Chamorro kamote (“shucks; dang it”) and kamuti (“sweet potato”). See also Hokkien 大番薯 (tōa-han-chî), Cantonese 大番薯 (daai⁶ faan¹ syu⁴⁻²), Hakka 大番薯.

bor+

Ipomoea batatas
Ipomoea batatas#Translingual

(slang) act of performing badly on a task

(slang, by extension) a driver, most likely a motorcycle driver, with little or no regard for the rules of the road


kahoy

From Proto-Central Philippine *kahuy, from Proto-Philippine *kahiw (cf. Yami kayo, Ibatan kayo, Pangasinan kiew, Cebuano kahoy, and Tausug kahuy), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kahiw (cf. Malagasy hazo, Malay kayu, and Maori kau), from Proto-Austronesian *kaSiw.


kamoteng kahoy

tl-noun

kamoteng kahoy (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜋᜓᜆᜒᜅ᜔ ᜃᜑᜓᜌ᜔)

ᜃᜋᜓᜆᜒᜅ᜔ ᜃᜑᜓᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


utog

[ˈʔuː.t̪oɡ̚]

From Proto-Philippine *qutuʀ (“erection of the penis”). Compare Ilocano uttug, Bikol Central utog, Cebuano utog, and Tausug latug.


sibuyas bombay

tl-noun

sibuyas bombáy (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜊᜓᜌᜐ᜔ ᜊᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜌ᜔)

sibuyas bombáy (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜊᜓᜌᜐ᜔ ᜊᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


kaldero

Borrowed from Spanish caldero (“vat”), from Late Latin caldāria, caldārium (“cooking-pot”). Doublet of kaldera.


dagan

dagán (canonical)
ᜇᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
dag-an (alternative)
rag-an (alternative)


bulbol

bulból (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜎ᜔ᜊᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
balbol (alternative obsolete)
bolbol (alternative)

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *bulbul (“body hair; feathers”). Compare Ibatan boboh, Kapampangan bulbul, Bikol Central bulbol, Aklanon buebue, Maranao bombol, and Maguindanao bumbul.

inh+

(obsolete) act of plucking feathers from a bird


tawas

Borrowed from Malay tawas. Compare Cebuano tawas and Waray-Waray tawas.

practice of burning of alum crystals with praying in quackery (to determine the cause of a person's sickness)


lawas

Borrowed from Cebuano or Hiligaynon lawas.

(neologism) body (physical structure of a human or animal)


lamok

lamók (canonical)
ᜎᜋᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
lamoc (alternative)
namoc (alternative)
namok (alternative)

From Proto-Philippine *lamuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ñamuk, *lamuk. Compare Fijian namu, Indonesian nyamuk, Javanese ꦭꦩꦸꦏ꧀ (lamuk), and Malay nyamuk.


lamok

lamók (canonical)
ᜎᜋᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
lamoc (alternative)

Possibly borrowed from Malay remuk (“smashed; broken up; crushed into small pieces”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *rəmuk (“crumble, fall to bits”).


hilaw

hiláw (canonical)
ᜑᜒᜎᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)
hilao (alternative)

From Proto-Philippine *hilaw. Compare Malay hijau.

rawness (of fruit, food, materials, etc.)


abog

hollow noise (as caused by a heavy object that falls on a board floor)

(colloquial) word; notice; warning (usually used in the negative)


sagoy

sagóy (canonical)
ᜐᜄᜓᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
sag-oy (alternative)

quick, light touch (as with one's finger)


lagay

→ Ilocano: lagay

act of putting or placing something on or in a certain place, application, putting on

the manner by which a thing is placed or set up

humingi ng lagay


bangaw

ᜊᜅᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)
bang͂ao (alternative)
bangyaw (alternative)

From Proto-Philippine *baŋaw (“paddy bug”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baŋaw, from Proto-Austronesian *baŋaw.


upahan

upahán (canonical)
ᜂᜉᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
opahan (alternative)

usual rate of wages paid to ordinary workers


habol

target of one's pursuit (of a person, animal, vehicle, etc.)


gubat

[ˈɡuː.bɐt̪̚]

From Proto-Philippine *gúbat (“jungle, idle land”). Compare Isnag xinubat, Itawit ginubat, Kapampangan gubat, Waray-Waray kagugub-an.


gubat

[ˈɡuː.bɐt̪̚]

From Proto-Philippine *gubát (“to attack; to go to war”). Compare Ilocano gubat, Isnag xubat, Bikol Central manggubat, Cebuano gubat, Maranao gobat.


taob

act of placing something upside down with the bottom up (of a cup, plate, etc.)

position of something upside down with the bottom up

act of lying down with the stomach and face under

(gambling, figurative) bankruptcy (of a banker)

(games) reverse; face-down (of cards); tails (in heads or tails)


kolesterol

tl-noun

kolesteról or kolésteról (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜓᜎ᜔)

kolesteról (canonical)
kolésteról (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish colesterol, from English cholesterol, from French cholestérol, from Ancient Greek χολή (kholḗ, “gall, bile”) + στερεός (stereós, “firm, solid”).


adose

[ʔɐˈd̪oː.sɛ]


lastiko

Clipping of elastiko, from Spanish elástico.

children's game played using rubber bands


sunog

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sunuʀ. Compare Aklanon sunog, Cebuano sunog, Mansaka sonog, Tausug sunug, and Tetum sunu.
May be related to descendants of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tunu. Compare Malay tunu.

fire; conflagration (especially uncontrolled and destructive)


tindahan

ᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
tinrahan (alternative)

From tinda + -han. Compare Bikol Central tindahan and Cebuano tindahan.


siyudad

siyudád (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜇᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
syudad (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish ciudad, from Old Spanish cibdat, from Latin cīvitātem.


lipak

lipák (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜉᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
lipac (alternative)


bungbong

bungbóng (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜅ᜔ᜊᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
bumbong (alternative)

(Gasan-Buenavista Marinduque) bamboo piggy bank (or any kind of coin container)


hinebra

ᜑᜒᜈᜒᜊ᜔ᜇ (Baybayin)
hinyebra (alternative)

[hɪˈn̪ɛː.bɾɐ]


yantas

Borrowed from Spanish llantas, plural of llanta (“tyre rim”). Doublet of liyantas.

metal rim of a wheel (especially of a carromata or carriage)


tiyo

tl-noun

tiyo or tiyó (feminine tiya, Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜌᜓ)

tiyo (canonical)
tiyó (canonical)
tiya (feminine)
ᜆᜒᜌᜓ (Baybayin)
tio (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish tío, from Old Spanish tio, from Late Latin thius, from Ancient Greek θεῖος (theîos).


tiya

tiya (canonical)
tiyá (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
tia (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish tía, from Late Latin thia, from Ancient Greek θεία (theía).


agsikap

[ʔɐɡˈsiː.xɐp̚]


balukay

bálukáy (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜓᜃᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
balocay (alternative)

circular or curved rim or border (such as placed over arches or openings of baskets)

(obsolete) thread (of rattan, vine, etc.)


singkal

splitting of a crack by forcing it with a wedge or quoin


dahilig

[d̪ɐˈhiː.lɪɡ̚]

[d̪ɐ.hɪˈlɪɡ̚]

inclined surface; ramp; slope (of a road, plane, etc.)


dalawit

involvement by chance in an affair (usually one not so desirable)

mention in passing (of something or someone)


gargaran

[ɡɐɾˈɡaː.ɾɐn̪]


balahak

alloy of different karats of gold or gold with lesser metals


sungay

From Proto-Philippine *súŋay. Compare Bikol Central sungay, Cebuano sungay, Hiligaynon sungay, and Waray-Waray sungay.


tuhod

ᜆᜓᜑᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
tohor (alternative)
tuhor (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuhud (cf. Fijian duru, Hawaiian kuli, Kapampangan tud, Malay tuhut, Mansaka tood, Maori turi, Samoan tuli, Yogad tud), from Proto-Austronesian *tuduS (cf. Amis tolos, Kavalan tusuz, Sakizaya tusuz).

part of lower clothing covering the knee


apo sa tuhod

apó sa tuhod (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜉᜓ ᜐ ᜆᜓᜑᜓᜇ᜔)

apó sa tuhod (canonical)
ᜀᜉᜓ ᜐ ᜆᜓᜑᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
apo sa tohor (alternative)

Literally, “grandchild/grandparent by knee”.


apo sa tuhod

tl-noun

apò sa tuhod (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜉᜓ ᜐ ᜆᜓᜑᜓᜇ᜔)

apò sa tuhod (canonical)
ᜀᜉᜓ ᜐ ᜆᜓᜑᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
apo sa tohor (alternative)


ihaw

From Proto-Southern Philippine *qíhaw (“broil; barbecue; roast”). Compare Tagbanwa iyaw, Bikol Central ihaw and Cebuano ihaw.

roasting; roast; broiling (of meat, fish, corn, etc.)


tuktok

From Proto-Austronesian *tuktuk (“top, summit, crown”). Compare Hiligaynon toktok, Sambali toktok, and Balinese ᬢᬸᬓ᭄ᬢᬸᬓ᭄ (tuktuk). Doublet of tuntong.


tuktok

From Proto-Austronesian *tuktuk (“to knock, pound, beat; crush”). Cognate with Malay tutok (“crushing rattans into soft fibrous pulp”) and Hawaiian kuku (“to beat, as tapa”).

cog

knock; knocking (on a door, surface, etc.)

repeated peck with a beak or bill (of a bird)

game whereby the heads of two eggs are knocked together and the broken egg holder loses


yawe

ᜌᜏᜒ (Baybayin)
yaui (alternative)
yavi (alternative)
yavy (alternative)
yawi (alternative)

Borrowed from Early Modern Spanish llave (“key”), from Latin clāvis (“key”). Doublet of liyabe, a later borrowing.


ugma

juncture; fitting (ends together); connection

act of fitting one thing to another (of a juncture, tenon, etc.)

harmony; compatibility; harmonious relations


Ruso

tl-noun

Ruso (feminine Rusa, Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜐᜓ)


Gat

From clipping of pamagat (“title”). See more at pamagat.

Gat Jose Rizal

Gat Andres Bonifacio

Gat Lontok

historical title of nobility for a man of recognized prominence or greatness, especially of Philippine heroes: Lord; Sir (used before a name)


tumpang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumpaŋ (“to carry something above one another”). Compare Malay tumpang.


jakol

jakól (canonical)
ᜇ᜔ᜌᜃᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
dyakol (alternative)
jabol (alternative)


bungi

From Proto-Philippine *buŋiq. Compare Bikol Central bungi, Cebuano bungi, and Masbatenyo bungi.

missing tooth; space left by a missing tooth

jag; nick; dent; notch (of the edge of tools)


semilya

ᜐᜒᜋᜒᜎ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
similya (alternative)


hinog

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *hinuʀ (“ripe; to ripen”). Compare Bikol Central hinog and Cebuano hinog.


bugaw

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *buʀaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buʀaw. Compare Kapampangan buyaw, Bikol Central bugaw, Cebuano bugaw, Maranao bogaw, and Malay buru.

driving away; shooing (animals, people, etc.)


tugnaw

[t̪ʊɡˈn̪aʊ̯]


kagaw

From Proto-Philippine *kaʀaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaʀaw. Sense 2 is either from semantic loan from Cebuano kagaw or Ilocano kagaw, both meaning “germ; microbe”, to substitute the loanword mikrobyo. See also Kapampangan kago.

Sarcoptes scabiei
Sarcoptes scabiei#Translingual


pukaw

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pukaw (“to wake someone up”).


tulog

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *tuduʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuduʀ (cf. Aklanon tueog, Bikol Central turog, Ilocano turog, Javanese ꦠꦸꦫꦸ (turu), Malay tidur, Maranao torog, Tausug tug), from Proto-Austronesian *tuduʀ.

(boxing, figurative, colloquial) act of knocking out


lugaw

From Proto-Philippine *lugaw (“rice porridge”). Compare Agutaynen logaw, Bikol Central lugaw, Cebuano lugaw, Aklanon eugaw, Hiligaynon lugaw, and Waray-Waray lugaw.

inh

lugaw (rice porridge or gruel, especially the Filipino variety)

(obsolete) rice stewed with milk or fat, and also rarely with plain water, commonly given to children as food


tsampurado

tl-noun

tsampurado (Baybayin spelling ᜆ᜔ᜐᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜇᜇᜓ)

ᜆ᜔ᜐᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜇᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
champurado (alternative)
champorado (alternative)
tsamporado (alternative)
samporado (alternative)
sampurado (alternative)

Borrowed from Mexican Spanish champurrado. Compare English champorado.

bor+

champorado (a sweet chocolate rice porridge in Philippine cuisine)


tabliya

ᜆᜊ᜔ᜎᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
tableya (alternative)
tablea (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish tablilla (“tablet; chocolate bar”).

chocolate tablet (round tablets of pure ground roasted cacao beans)


uwak

uwák (canonical)
ᜂᜏᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
ouac (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *uak (“harsh cry; bellow; loud cry”) (cf. Cebuano uwak, Pangasinan wawak), also onomatopoeic of the sound crows or ravens make.

inh

large-billed crow
w:en:large-billed crow

Corvus macrorhynchos
Wikispecies:Corvus macrorhynchos

birds of the genus Corvus such as crows and ravens (especially the large-billed crow, Corvus macrorhynchos)

(figurative) traitorous or gluttonous person


abintestato

tl-noun

abintestato (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜆᜓ)

ᜀᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜆᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish abintestato, from Latin ab intestātō (“by intestacy”).


mutya

mutyâ (canonical)
ᜋᜓᜆ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
motya (alternative)
mutia (alternative)

Borrowed from Sanskrit मुत्य (mutya, “pearl”). Compare Malay mutiara.

bor+

(obsolete) small stone valued as a jewel; grows on coconut, lemon, or similar objects, and is also said to be found on the heads of other birds


bugtong

bugtóng (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜄ᜔ᜆᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
bogtong (alternative)


luha

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *luhəq, from Proto-Austronesian *luSəq. Compare Aklanon euha, Bikol Central luha, Cebuano luha, Dupaningan Agta luwa, Hiligaynon luha, Ilocano lua, Javanese ꦭꦸꦃ (luh), Mansaka lowa, Maranao lo', Kapampangan lua, Paiwan ruseq, Sambali lowa, Tausug luha, Tetum luun, Waray-Waray luha, and Yogad lwa.

Euphorbia tithymaloides
Wikispecies:Euphorbia tithymaloides


bruha

"Talagang bastos kang bruha ka! Siguro wala kang pinag-aralan kaya ganyan ka. Maski buhay mo kaya kong bilhin."

1986, J. Corre LaNuevo, Wise Up & Live: Your "people Power" to the Good Life:

"You rude witch! Maybe you haven't learned manners so to be like that. I can buy even your life."

"Hindi ko na kasalanan kung nagmukha kang bruha ngayon!" KKKKKKKKKRRRRRRRRRRRIIIIIIIING! Iniwan agad nila James ang nagngingitngit na si Sofia. Dali-dali silang pumasok sa room 403. Literature and Society ang kanilang klase.

2008, Layeta Bucoy, Ardee Sto. Domingo, Beverly Siy, Tres Amores, →ISBN:

"It's not my fault if you look like a hag today!" RRRRRRIIIIIIINGGGGGGGG! Jame immediately left Sofia, who is angry. The quickly entered Room 403. They're in Literature and Society class.

Tumigil ang ginoo. Kumilos si Wanja at lumipat sa kabilang dulo ng kama. Tumayo ang ginoo at tumitig kay Wanja. Wala ngayong gabi ang asawa ko, pero hindi iyon ang punto. Isa kang bruha, alam mo ba iyon? Bruha ko. Bumalik ka sa akin.

2002, Romeo G. Dizon, Mga talulot na dugo, →ISBN:

The gentleman stopped. Wanja moved and went to the other end of the bed. The gentleman stood up and stared at Wanja. My wife's not here tonight, but that's not the point. You're a bitch, don't you know that? My bitch. Come back to me.

misbehaving young girl; spoiled young girl


patay

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *p-atay (“kill”), from Proto-Austronesian *pa-aCay (“kill”), from Proto-Austronesian *aCay (“death”). Compare Ilocano patay, Pangasinan patey, Sambali pati, Kapampangan pate, Cebuano patay, Maranao patay, and Javanese ꦥꦠꦶ (pati).

inh+

Idalangin natin ang mga patay.

(by extension) act of shutting off something


balbon

balbón (canonical)
ᜊᜎ᜔ᜊᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
barbon (alternative)


bangas

bruise on the face; contusion on the face


higsipnayan

tl-noun

higsipnayan (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜉ᜔ᜈᜌᜈ᜔)

ᜑᜒᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜉ᜔ᜈᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


palatumbasan

palatumbasan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜆᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜐᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜎᜆᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜐᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


kapid

Borrowed from Hiligaynon kapid (“twin”).


manyak

Borrowed from English maniac, from French maniaque, from Late Latin maniacus, from Ancient Greek μανιακός (maniakós).

Kinukuwenta ko ang mukha na hindi iisang beses na nakasabay Sa bus at dyipni ; lagi'y kipkip ko ang payong na pamalo rin Sa mga manyak na pustura pa't nakadekuwelyong polo. Araw-araw ay kasama ako sa laksang lumulunok sa baho ...

1999, Rebecca T. Añonuevo, Pananahan: MGA Tula, →ISBN:

... ng balakang, sa tabi ng kanyang puwit na animo monay na inamag, nakakurbada ang hugis ng isang 38 rebolber, panlaban sa mga manyak at magnanakaw, wika niya nang minsang may magtanong kung para saan ang naturang baril.

2002, Victor Emmanuel Carmelo D. Nadera, Ang aklat likhaan ng tula at maikling kuwento, 1999, →ISBN:

... naaaninag ang dalawang karneng losyang na nakakabit sa dibdib at sa may ibabang bahagi ng balakang, sa tabi ng puwit na parang monay na inamag, nakakurbada ang hugis ng kuwarenta'y singko, panlaban niya raw sa mga manyak at ...

2002, Norman Wilwayco, Mondo Manila: kung paano ko inayos ang buhok ko matapos ang mahaba-haba ring paglalakbay:

Mga manyak, Pare ko, ang kumidnap sa anak mo. Sportsear pa'ng ginamit. Dinala raw sa 'sang motel sa Pasay si Mary. Nirep nga, Pare ko. Halinhinan daw ang anim. Tatlong araw at tatlong gabing nawala'ng anak mo, Pare. Nang magbalik ...

1992, Wilfredo Pa Virtusio, Bilanggo: at iba pang akda:


manyakis

Borrowed from English maniac + -s or French maniaque + -s, from Late Latin maniacus, from Ancient Greek μανιακός (maniakós), adjectival form of μανία (manía, “madness”).


bayot

bayot or bayót (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜌᜓᜆ᜔)

bayot (canonical)
bayót (canonical)
ᜊᜌᜓᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

(sometimes derogatory) gay; male homosexual


angkan

angkán (canonical)
ᜀᜅ᜔ᜃᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
ancan (alternative)
angcan (alternative)
ankan (alternative obsolete)

Syncopic form of anakan, from anak + -an.


limonsito

limonsito (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜆᜓ)

ᜎᜒᜋᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜆᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish limoncito, diminutive of limón. Compare Bikol Central and Cebuano limonsito (“calamondin”).

Triphasia trifolia
Wikispecies:Triphasia trifolia


lamlam

From (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lamlam (“weak (in intensity); insipid”).

inh

gloominess; dimness (of light, sun, moon, etc.)


sip-on

tlb

(now dialectal, Batangas, Marinduque, Quezon)


sunggo

tl-noun

sunggô or sunggó (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ)

sunggô (canonical)
sunggó (canonical)
ᜐᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ (Baybayin)


mingming

mingmíng (canonical)
ᜋᜒᜅ᜔ᜋᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
miming (alternative)

appellation for a cat (especially stray cats)


mingming

mingmíng (canonical)
ᜋᜒᜅ᜔ᜋᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


inday

indáy (canonical)
ᜁᜈ᜔ᜇᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
'day (alternative clipping)
day (alternative clipping)

[ʔɪn̪ˈd̪aɪ̯]

Borrowed from Cebuano inday. Compare indoy.

appellation of a young girl (especially a Visayan)


tatay

Uncertain. Possibly from the following:
* From Philippine Spanish tata (“daddy”) + -oy (male diminutive suffix). Compare Aymara tata (“father”). See also Chamorro tåta (“father”), Classical Nahuatl tahtli, and tata.
* From Proto-Austronesian *tata. Compare Raga tata.
* From Hokkien 大代 (tōa-tāi, “elder generation”). However, Chan-Yap (1980) disagrees as the morphemes were never used in such a combination to mean “father”.


sibog

condition of being driven into confused flight (such as people running from police raiding or animals driven out of dens)

state of confusion of such people or animals


sikat-sikat

tl-noun

sikat-sikat (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜃᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜃᜆ᜔)

ᜐᜒᜃᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜃᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
sikatsikat (alternative)


sikhay

Borrowed from Hokkien. Manuel (1948) notes “siek(semen, lasciviousness, lavishness)-kài, worldliness, libertine, dissolute, licentious ^([sic])”, which could possibly correspond to Hokkien 潲 (siâu, “semen”) + 界 (kài, “world; domain; realm”). Compare Hokkien 四界 (sì-kòe/sì-kè, “everywhere”) or 世界 (sè-kài/sì-kài, “world”).

m-g

siek(semen, lasciviousness, lavishness)-kài, worldliness, libertine, dissolute, licentious ^(􂁚sic􂁛)


silang

From Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *siraŋ (“dazzled, blinded by glaring light”). Compare Bikol Central sirang (“rays or beams of light”) and Malay serang (“blinking; dazzled”).

cog

silang ng araw

rise; rising (of the sun, moon, stars, etc.)


kilay

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kiray. Compare Bikol Central kiray, Ibatan chichiray, Ilocano kiday, Ivatan chiray, Malay kirai, Kapampangan kile, and Maranao kiray.


taranta

[t̪ɐ.ɾɐn̪ˈt̪a]

Borrowed from Spanish atarantar (“to daze”).


tiktik

tiktík (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜃ᜔ᜆᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
tictic (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tiktik, from Proto-Austronesian *tiktik.

[t̪ɪkˈt̪ɪk̚]


tiktik

[t̪ɪkˈt̪ɪk̚]

(folklore) harpy-like creature believed to attack victims at night (whose cry is supposed to announce the presence of an aswang)


tiktik

[t̪ɪkˈt̪ɪk̚]


umog

simultaneous assault or beating up to helplessness (on someone by a group of people)

rushing together in eagerness (to see, buy, etc.)


engkanto

ᜁᜅ᜔ᜃᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)
enkanto (alternative)
ingkanto (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish encanto (“charm, spell”).

(folklore) engkanto (mythical environmental spirits in Philippine folklore)


kilig

kilíg (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜎᜒᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)
cqilig (alternative)
qilig (alternative)
quilig (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kilig (“shudder”).

shiver, shudder, thrill, or frisson from excitement

(by extension) blush due to excitement especially from romantic stimulation

butterflies in one's stomach
butterflies in one's stomach

(by extension) butterflies in one's stomach due to excitement

(obsolete) trembling of the body due to snakebite


sangay

branch (of a company, business, firm, etc.)

namesake (person with the same name as another)


padyak

padyák (canonical)
ᜉᜇ᜔ᜌᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
paryak (alternative)


labnot

From Proto-Philippine *rab(ə)nut (“to grab and pull”) (cf. Cebuano labnot and Ilocano rabnot).

inh

plucking out; uprooting; sharp pull and twist (of hair, weeds, roots, feathers, etc.)


sigay

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sigay (“cowrie shell”). Compare Pangasinan sigay, Kapampangan sige, Bikol Central sigay, Cebuano sigay, Brunei Malay takoyong sigai, and Malay sigai.


uling

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qujiŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *qujiŋ. Compare Ilocano uging, Bikol Central uring, Maranao oring, and Tausug buling. See also Malay arang.

charcoal mark or dirt (on the skin or a surface)


hagok

From Proto-Philippine *haguk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *haguk.

Ibig niyang magsalita, ngunit nag-iisa siya, alam niya. Naririnig na niya ngayon ang hagok ni Timo, inooyayi ng kalanguan. Marahan siyang tumayo. Lumapit siya sa kama. Umupo sa gilid ng kama, nakapako ang mga mata sa kumot ng dilim.

1995, Domingo G. Landicho, Bulaklak ng Maynila, →ISBN:

linig ang hagok ng tubig kundi maging sa kanyang tiyan na hungkag ay gayon din. Ang natirang tubig sa sartin ay minumog at saka niya binasa nang bahagya ang kanyang batok at buhok. Inuusal sa kanyang sarili na sa araw na iyon ay ...

Malakas ang hagok nito, mukhang kanina pa tulog, tumutulo pa ang laway. Puyat na puyat naman sina Inay at Ate Ningning, nakaluhod pero nilalabanan nang husto ang antok, babagsak-bagsak ang mga ulo, iikot-ikot, gegewang-gewang ...


bugok

From Proto-Philippine *buʀuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buʀuk, from Proto-Austronesian *buʀuk (“rotten; bad character”). Doublet of bulok.


layo

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *adayuq (“far”). Compare Cebuano and Hiligaynon layo, Bikol Central rayo, and Ilocano adayo. See also Malay jauh.


layo

act of going away (from a person, thing, or place)


sipat

Compare Cebuano sipat and Hiligaynon masipat.

visual checking of levelness, alignment, or straightness (of a surface, line, row, etc.)


sementeryo

tl-noun

sementeryo (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜐᜒᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)
simenteryo (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish cementerio, from Late Latin coemētērium, from Ancient Greek κοιμητήριον (koimētḗrion, “sleeping chamber”).


kolum

Borrowed from English column, from Middle English columne, columpne, columpe, borrowed from Old French columne, from Latin columna. Doublet of kolumna.

(architecture) column (upright supporting structure)

column (recurring feature in a periodical)

column (vertical line of entries in a table)


agwas

tl-noun

agwas or agwás (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜄ᜔ᜏᜐ᜔)

agwas (canonical)
agwás (canonical)
ᜀᜄ᜔ᜏᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaʀuas (“young stage of mullet”).

inh

Ellochelon vaigiensis
Wikispecies:Ellochelon vaigiensis

squaretail mullet (Ellochelon vaigiensis)


kalangitan

tl-noun

kalangitan or kalangitán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜅᜒᜆᜈ᜔)

kalangitan (canonical)
kalangitán (canonical)
ᜃᜎᜅᜒᜆᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
calang̃itan (alternative)


alsa

Borrowed from Spanish alzar, from Vulgar Latin *altiāre, derived from Latin altus (“high”).

appearance on the surface of one's skin (of rashes, etc.)


motorsiklo

motorsiklo (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜐᜒᜃ᜔ᜎᜓ)

ᜋᜓᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜐᜒᜃ᜔ᜎᜓ (Baybayin)

Siyokoy word or pseudo-Hispanism derived from English motorcycle, under a false assumption Spanish has *motorciclo (correct Spanish: motocicleta).


palad

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *palaj. Compare Eastern Bontoc parad, Tausug pād, and Central Dusun palad. The sense “fate; fortune; luck” is due to palmistry.


tuwad

tuwád (canonical)
ᜆᜓᜏᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
touar (alternative)
tuwar (alternative)

act of bending or leaning down forward with the buttocks raised higher than one's head

(colloquial) complete defeat (in a game or contest)

(obsolete) act of tearing down something to the ground


tuwad

ᜆᜓᜏᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
touar (alternative)
tuwar (alternative)

[ˈt̪uː.ɐd̪̚]


salisi

arrival of a person at a certain place after someone being looked for has left

74 "Mga kasamahan naming durog," ani Tibong, "minsan nalulunod na lang sa ilog sa may Feati." Saka nagkuwento siya kung ... 'Yun namang mga nagtitinda ng supot, salisi boys, sasalisihan ka't pagnanakawan." Wala kang ligtas. Dati'y ...

papeles - n. panlahatang ta- wag sa mga rekisitos na porm ng esteytment at kompleynt na ipinapayl sa estasyon at/o ... nariyan ang Bukas-Kotse, Dugu-dugo na tumatawag sa telepono, ang Salisi na grupo ng mga efdo at ang Laglag- Barya.

(colloquial) acting surreptitiously when unwatched


guwang

guwáng (canonical)
ᜄᜓᜏᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
guang (alternative)

Isang umaga ay napadpad ang isang tumanggong sa parang. Napansin niya ang ilang pastol na naglalagay ng kanya-kanyang baonan sa guwang ng isang malapad na puno.

2009, Boots S. Agbayani Pastor, Matakaw na tumanggong:

big hole; hollow or cavity on the surface


magulang

[mɐˈɣuː.lɐŋ]


singga

recurrence of a disease or illness (especially after a brief recovery)

periodic occurrence or recurrence (of craziness,inclination, desire, moodiness, etc.)


tirong

man who pretends or acts like a bully (by making oneself look like a powerful man)


inasal

From in- + asal (“roasting”). The sense of “chicken dish” is a semantic loan from Hiligaynon inasal. Semantically equivalent with asado.

inasal (variant of the Filipino chicken dish lechon manok)

(dialectal, Quezon) roasted fish using a spit or skewer


kuryente

ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)

[kʊɾˈjɛn̪.t̪ɛ]

(common) Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of koryente.


mansanitas

tl-noun

mansanitas (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜈ᜔ᜐᜈᜒᜆᜐ᜔)

Borrowed from Spanish manzanitas, diminutive plural of manzana. Compare Cebuano mansanitas.

Ziziphus jujuba
Ziziphus jujuba#Translingual


pampam

Possibly from English pan-pan (“post-WWII Japanese prostitute catering to American soldiers”), from Japanese パンパン (panpan) as per Potet (2016), an ellipsis of パンパンガール (panpangāru), possibly from English pompom girl as a WW2 American military slang. Stephen Trussel claims it was derived from Proto-Philippine *pampám (“prostitute”), but he also noted it was possibly a loan distribution with an unclear source. See also Japanese ぱんぱん and English pum-pum.

bor

(offensive, vulgar) prostitute; harlot; whore


karomata

From Philippine Spanish carromata, from Spanish carromato + -a. Compare English carromata, Cebuano karomata.

carromata (a two-wheeled, horse-drawn passenger carriage with a tilt roof)


hantik

hantík (canonical)
ᜑᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
antik (alternative)
hantic (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mə(n)tik. Compare Pangasinan amsik, Hanunoo amtik, Bikol Central hantik, Cebuano hantik, Masbatenyo hantik, Waray-Waray hamtik, and Maranao lametik.

[hɐn̪ˈt̪ɪk̚]


hantik

[hɐn̪ˈt̪ɪk̚]

slug (piece of type metal imprinted by a linotype machine)


piyak

squawk; sudden cry of fowls when frightened


iyak

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *iak. Compare Bikol Central iyak, Cebuano hilak, Malay iak, and Kapampangan kiyak.


yapyap

any small fish, crab, shrimp, etc. sold cheap in quantities in the market


yapyap

loose, idle, meaningless talk or chatter


aswang

aswáng (canonical)
ᜀᜐ᜔ᜏᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
asbang (alternative obsolete)
asuvang (alternative)
asuang (alternative)
asuwang (alternative)
uswang (alternative)

→ Spanish: asuán

From Greater Central Philippine *aswang (“witch”). Compare Aklanon aswang, Cebuano aswang, Hiligaynon aswang, and Malay ason (“evil spirit of the night”). See also Malay suangi (“evil spirit; spirit shaman”). Possibly related to Sanskrit असुर (asura) + -ng.

ncog

(folklore, mythology) aswang (shapeshifting evil creature in Philippine mythology)


amasona

Borrowed from Spanish amazona, from Latin Amāzōn, from Ancient Greek Ἀμαζών (Amazṓn).

tomboy (girl who acts as a typical boy would)


guwatsinanggo

tl-noun

guwatsinanggo (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜓᜏᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜈᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ)

ᜄᜓᜏᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜈᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Mexican Spanish guachinango (“crafty, wheedling”), from Classical Nahuatl cuachilnācatl.


tsupon

tsupón (canonical)
ᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜉᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
sopon (alternative)
supon (alternative)


kahon

Borrowed from Spanish cajón. Compare Kapampangan kaun. Doublet of kason.


mutsatso

tl-noun

mutsatso (feminine mutsatsa, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜆ᜔ᜐᜓ)

mutsatsa (feminine)
ᜋᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜆ᜔ᜐᜓ (Baybayin)
muchacho (alternative)


mutsatsa

mutsatsa (masculine mutsatso, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜆ᜔ᜐ)

mutsatso (masculine)
ᜋᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜆ᜔ᜐ (Baybayin)

[mʊtˈt͡ʃaː.t͡ʃɐ]


tungki

point; extremity; tip (as of the tip of a nose)


kalkulador

kalkuladór (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎ᜔ᜃᜓᜎᜇᜓᜇ᜔)

kalkuladór (canonical)
ᜃᜎ᜔ᜃᜓᜎᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish calculador, from Latin calculātor. Doublet of kalkiyuleytor.

calculator (electronic device that performs mathematical calculations)

calculator (mechanical device that performs mathematical calculations)

(dated) calculator (a person who performs mathematical calculations)


punyeta

[pʊnˈɲɛː.t̪ɐ]

[pʊn̪ˈjɛː.t̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish puñeta (“damn it!; annoying thing”).

bor+

"Mga punyeta kayo! Ano ba'ng pinaggagagawa n'yo't ibabagsak na ng mga anay ang buong bahay ay hindi n'yo pa alam! Hindi n"yo ba nakikitang nagkalat ang bukbok sa buong bahay?" "E, talaga naman hong lumang-luma na 'tong bahay, ...

1998, Levy Balgos De la Cruz, MGA Ritwal, Sumpa, at Panata: Kalipunan Ng Tatlong Maikling Nobela, University of Philippines Press, →ISBN:


bahag

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bahaʀ. Compare Spanish bahague, Ilocano baag.

inh+

loincloth; G-string (especially the kind traditionally used by Philippine natives)


ulahipan

(dialectal, Marinduque) alternative form of alupihan


tastas

act of unfastening or detaching the parts of a framework


unano

unanò (canonical)
unano (canonical)
ᜂᜈᜈᜓ (Baybayin)
enano (alternative)
inano (alternative)

[ʔʊˈn̪aː.n̪oʔ]

Borrowed from Spanish enano, from Latin nānus, from Ancient Greek νᾶνος (nânos).


inano

inanò (canonical)
inano (canonical)
ᜁᜈᜈᜓ (Baybayin)

[ʔɪˈn̪aː.n̪oʔ]


ensaymada

ᜁᜈ᜔ᜐᜌ᜔ᜋᜇ (Baybayin)
ensemada (alternative)

ensaimada (especially a local Philippine variant)


pisik

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *picik (“splash, spray, sprinkle”).

inh

splash, sputter, etc. (of oil or lard when frying, or of a splash of any liquid)


tubig baha

tl-noun

tubig bahâ (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔ ᜊᜑ)

tubig bahâ (canonical)
ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔ ᜊᜑ (Baybayin)


tubig-baha

tubig-bahâ (canonical)
ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔ᜊᜑ (Baybayin)
tubig baha (alternative)


kuneho

Borrowed from Spanish conejo, from Latin cunīculus. Compare Bikol Central koneho, Cebuano koneho, and Kapampangan kuneu.

rabbit; cony (mammal of the family Leporidae, with long ears, long hind legs, and a short, fluffy tail)


kaymito

ᜃᜌ᜔ᜋᜒᜆᜓ (Baybayin)
kaimito (alternative)
kainito (alternative)
kaynito (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish caimito, from Lokono.


ipil

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qipil (“a hardwood tree: Intsia bijuga, Afzelia bijuga”). Compare Ilocano ipil, Hanunoo ipil, Cebuano ipil, Malay ipil and Chamorro ifit.

inh

Moluccan ironwood, a species of tree (Intsia bijuga)


kamantigi

kamantigì (canonical)
ᜃᜋᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜄᜒ (Baybayin)
camantigui (alternative)
kamantige (alternative)

→ Spanish: camantigue

[kɐ.mɐn̪ˈt̪iː.ɣɪʔ]

Impatiens balsamina
Impatiens balsamina#Translingual


kalatsutsi

tl-noun

kalatsutsì (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒ)

kalatsutsì (canonical)
ᜃᜎᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒ (Baybayin)
calasusi (alternative)
kalacuci (alternative)
kalachuchi (alternative)
kalasutsi (alternative)
kalasusi (alternative)

English: calachuchi

[kɐ.lɐtˈt͡ʃuː.t͡ʃɪʔ]

Borrowed from Spanish cacalosúchil, from a Nahuan language; cf. Classical Nahuatl cācālōxōchitl, equivalent to cācālōtl (“crow”) + xōchitl (“flower”).


kalabasa

ᜃᜎᜊᜐ (Baybayin)
kalbasa (alternative Batangas dialectal)
kalubasa (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish calabaza (“squash; failing score; rejection of a love proposal”). For the colloquial sense, see also Spanish dar calabazas (“to fail”).

bor+

(colloquial) failure; flunking (of a grade such as in examinations)


ikog

Possibly from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ikuʀ. Compare Bikol Central ikog (“tail”), Cebuano ikog (“tail”), Malay ekor (“tail”), and Maranao ikog (“tail”).

haft; handle (of table knives, bolos, daggers, chisels, etc.)


umang

act of putting someone at the threshold of danger, etc.

act of pointing closely at someone (of a gun, etc.)


gisantes

Borrowed from Spanish guisantes, plural of guisante (“pea”).


papaitan

Borrowed from Ilocano papaitan, from papait (“bile”) + -an.


wangwang

siren (sound device, especially on emergency vehicles)


wangwang

condition of being exposed to the elements


hugas

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *huʀas. Compare Kapampangan uyas, Bikol Central hugas, and Cebuano hugas.

washing with water (of objects, body parts, wounds, etc.)

water used to wash hulled rice (used as broth in cooking vegetables, etc. or as pig feed)

Microglossa volubilis (a rambling shrub with longitudinally furrowed branches)


huwas

huwás (canonical)
ᜑᜓᜏᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
puwas (alternative)
uwas (alternative)
poas (alternative)
puas (alternative)
uas (alternative)

Harpullia arborea
Wikispecies:Harpullia arborea

harpullia; tulipwood tree (Harpullia arborea)


kugita

kugità (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜄᜒᜆ (Baybayin)
coguita (alternative)

[kʊˈɣiː.t̪ɐʔ]

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuʀita, from Proto-Austronesian *guʀiCa. Compare Ilocano kurita, Bikol Central kugita, Cebuano kugita, Maranao kogita, Maguindanao kuleta, Yakan kuhita', Malay kurita, Malagasy horita, Javanese ꦒꦸꦫꦶꦠ (gurita), Fijian kuita, Marshallese kweet, Kavalan qlita, and Paiwan guritsa. Doublet of kurita and pugita.


pugita

tl-noun

pugita or pugità (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜄᜒᜆ)

pugita (canonical)
pugità (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜄᜒᜆ (Baybayin)
poguita (alternative)

→ Palauan: bukitang, bokitang

[pʊˈɣiː.t̪ɐ]

[pʊˈɣiː.t̪ɐʔ]

From Proto-Central Philippine *kugita with irregular p, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuʀita, from Proto-Austronesian *guʀiCa. Compare Ilocano kurita, Bikol Central kugita, Cebuano kugita, Maranao kogita, Maguindanao kuleta, Yakan kuhita', Malay kurita, Malagasy horita, Javanese ꦒꦸꦫꦶꦠ (gurita), Fijian kuita, Marshallese kweet, Kavalan qlita, and Paiwan guritsa. Doublet of kurita and kugita.


karnero

[kɐɾˈn̪ɛː.ɾo]

Borrowed from Spanish carnero, from Latin (agnus) carnārius. Compare Ivatan kanyiru.


kordero

ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
cordero (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish cordero, from Vulgar Latin *cordārium, from Latin cordus.


tsupa

tsupâ (canonical)
ᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜉ (Baybayin)
chupa (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish chupa, an inflection of chupar.


jerjer

ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜇ᜔ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
gerger (alternative)

/ˈd͡ʒeɾd͡ʒeɾ/

[ˈd͡ʒɛɾ.d͡ʒɛɾ]

[ˈd̪jɛɾ.d̪jɛɾ]

/ˈd͡ʒəɾd͡ʒəɾ/

[ˈd͡ʒəɹ.d͡ʒəɹ]

Possibly borrowed from Cebuano jerjer, reduplication of clipping of jerbum, from gay slang prefix jo- + erbum, backslang of English bummer.


patuusan

From pa- + tuos (“accounting; computing”) + -an.


salu-salo

(common) Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of salo-salo.


bugong

bugóng (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜄᜓᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
bug-ong (alternative)


baywang

baywáng (canonical)
ᜊᜌ᜔ᜏᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
baeuang (alternative)
baewang (alternative obsolete)
baiwang (alternative obsolete)
bayauang (alternative)
bayawang (alternative)
bewang (alternative colloquial)
bay-awang (alternative)

Syncopic form of earlier variant bayawang. Compare Remontado Agta bay-awang.


kaida

[kɐˈʔiː.d̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish caída (“fall”). The kaida of early Manila houses was supposedly given that name as the ladies during that time “let their skirts fall” as they are holding up upon reaching the top of the stairs.

(architecture) interior gallery in early Manila houses with views on the courtyard used as an anteroom


obra maestra

tl-noun

obra maestra (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜊ᜔ᜇ ᜋᜁᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇ)

ᜂᜊ᜔ᜇ ᜋᜁᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇ (Baybayin)
obra-maestra (alternative)

[ˌʔoː.bɾɐ mɐˈɛs.t̪ɾɐ]

[ˌʔoː.bɾɐ mɐˈʔɛs.t̪ɾɐ]

Ang obra maestra ni Tolentino ay obra maestra ng iskulturang Pilipino. Sa pinakamatayog na pagpapamalas ng pagka-maharlika, tapang at dalamhati, ibinuhos ni Tolentino ang kanyang henyo sa pagdakila kay Bonifacio at iba pang bayani ...

1973, Andres Cristobal Cruz, Commemorative Folio on National Artists: Fernando Amorsolo, Francisca Reyes Aquino, Carlos V. Francisco, Amado V. Hernandez, Antonio J. Molina, Juan F. Nakpil, Guillermo E. Tolentino, Jose Garcia Villa, and International Artist Van Cliburn:

Ang obra maestra ni Luna ay pagpapatunay sa katotohanang ito." "Mabuhay si Juan Luna! Mabuhay ang Pilipinas! " sigaw ng mga dumalong panauhin. "Nakita mo, Paz," sabi sa isip ni Juan, "ang talino ay hindi nakukuha sa kulay ng balat.

1988, Rene O. Villanueva, Albert E. Gamos, Mario I. Miclat, Leo Cultura, Diwang Pilipino: Mga Kuwento ng Kabayanihan:

Datapwa't hanggang sa kasalukuyan ay hindi pa sinusundan ang obra maestra ni Martin Heidegger na sa oras ng paglunsad nito ay naging tanyag, di lamang sa Europa kundi sa buong daigdig ng pilosopiya. Si Heidegger ba ay ateo?

1990, Emerita Quito, A Life of Philosophy: Selected Works (1965-1988) of Emerita S. Quito, →ISBN:


dinuguan

dinuguán (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜈᜓᜄᜓᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
dinugan (alternative obsolete)
dinug-an (alternative)
nirug-an (alternative)
rinuguan (alternative)
rinug-an (alternative)

[d̪ɪ.n̪ʊ.ɣʊˈʔan̪]

From duguan + -in-, from dugo (literally “bled on”).

dinuguan (Filipino savory stew with pig blood)

Musa × paradisiaca
Musa × paradisiaca#Translingual


tugi

From Proto-Philippine *tugíq (“lesser yam”).

Dioscorea esculenta
Dioscorea esculenta#Translingual


luksa

luksâ (canonical)
ᜎᜓᜃ᜔ᜐ (Baybayin)
locsa (alternative)

Borrowed from Sanskrit रूक्ष (rūkṣa, “dry; emaciated”).


binat

ᜊᜒᜈᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
bainat (alternative)
baynat (alternative)

From earlier bainat, via a Southern Luzon axis intermediary, possibly Kapampangan, from Proto-Northern Philippine *bəʀnat (“relapse”). Compare Ibatan lonat, Ilocano begnat, Pangasinan belnat, Sidetic beynat, Kapampangan benat, and Malay bentan.

(medicine) relapse (usually seen as due to undue physical activity)


talab

potent effectiveness; effective action (of medicine, advice, lesson, etc.)


samaya

Borrowed from Old Javanese samaya (“coming together; mutual understanding”), from Sanskrit समय (samaya). See also maya.


KKB

ᜃᜒᜌ᜔ᜃᜒᜌ᜔ᜊᜒ (Baybayin)

kaniya-kaniyang bayad
kaniya-kaniyang bayad#Tagalog

initialism of kaniya-kaniyang bayad (“each one pays their own”)


bawon

See baon (“provisions on a trip”). Compare Cebuano bawon and balon.


kikay

From Kika (female given name, diminutive of Francisca) + -ay (diminutive suffix). Compare Spanish Quica.

suffix

Kika<pos:female given name, diminutive of <i class="Latn mention" lang="tl">Francisca</i>>

stylish woman (specifically one interested in beauty products and fashion)


kikay kit

tl-noun

kikay kit (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜃᜌ᜔ ᜃᜒᜆ᜔)

Borrowed from English kikay kit, where the former is itself from Tagalog kikay.

kikay kit (a soft case in which a woman's toiletries and cosmetics are stored)


adidas

[ʔɐˈd̪iː.d̪ɐs]

Genericized trademark from English Adidas, from the German company name Adidas, after its founder Adolf “Adi” Dassler. The sense “chicken feet” is most likely due to the resemblance with the 1970s Adidas striped trefoil logo, now used for Adidas Originals.

(colloquial) adidas (chicken feet sold as street food)


betamax

bétamáx (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜆᜋᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
betamaks (alternative)

Genericized trademark and an unadapted borrowing from English Betamax, a video recording format. The food is named after their resemblance to the cuboidal videocassettes.

ubor

(colloquial) coagulated chicken blood that is boiled, cut in to cubes, skewered and grilled to be sold as a street food


tungko

tungkô (canonical)
ᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜃᜓ (Baybayin)
tongco (alternative)

Borrowed from Malay tungku. Compare Javanese ꦠꦸꦁꦏꦸ (tungku).

a kind of native stove with a trivet or tripod stone base (to hold a pot or other cooking containers)


bahi

bahì (canonical)
ᜊᜑᜒ (Baybayin)
badhi (alternative)
badha (alternative)

lines of the palm (used for fortunetelling)


iskwater

ᜁᜐ᜔ᜃ᜔ᜏᜆᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of iskuwater.


bamban

bambán (canonical)
ᜊᜋ᜔ᜊᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
banban (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *banban. Compare Malay bemban.

Donax canniformis (plant with clustered stems used for weaving baskets)


kasili

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *kasili (“kind of water bird, the Oriental darter: Anhinga melanogaster”). Compare Ilocano kasili and Cebuano kasili.

inh+

Anhinga melanogaster
Anhinga melanogaster#Translingual


babayi

tlb

(now dialectal, chiefly Southern Tagalog)


sabaw

From Proto-Philippine *sabaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sa(m)baw. Compare Bikol Central sabaw, Cebuano sabaw, Kapampangan sabo, Maguindanao sabaw, Maranao sawaw, Tausug sabaw, Malay sambau, and Waray-Waray sabaw. The figurative sense is from sabaw ang utak.


pagpag

(informal) leftover food scavenged from garbage


bagol

(dialectal, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon, Boac-Mogpog Marinduque)

bagól (canonical)
ᜊᜄᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
bagon (alternative)