kimaw

kimáw (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜋᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)
quimao (alternative)

defective, disabled, or congenitally crooked in one arm or hand (of someone or one's hand)

clumsy; awkward in doing something with one's hands


kulong

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuruŋ (“cage, as for an animal; to enclose in a cage or pen”). Compare Ilocano kurong, Kapampangan kulung, Tausug kūngan, and Malay kurung.

inh

Huli ka pero 'di ka kulong.

You were caught but you won't be arrested (i.e. caught doing something embarrassing)

caged; confined in a pen, sty, kennel, coop, etc.

surrounded; encircled (as of by enemies)


balu-baluktot

tl-adj

balú-baluktót (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜎᜓᜊᜎᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜆ᜔)

balú-baluktót (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜓᜊᜎᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
balubaluctot (alternative)


sala-salabat

salá-salábat (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜎᜐᜎᜊᜆ᜔)

salá-salábat (canonical)
ᜐᜎᜐᜎᜊᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

crisscrossed; confusedly crisscrossing around (of things on a path impeding one's way)


kasiya

kásiyá (canonical)
ᜃᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
kasya (alternative)
kas'ya (alternative)

Kasiya pa sila sa maliit na pintuan.

Kasiya sa kanya ang bestidang binili niya.


tinamaan ng lintik

tinamaan ng lintík (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜈᜋᜀᜈ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜃ᜔)

tinamaan ng lintík (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜈᜋᜀᜈ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)

[t̪ɪ.n̪ɐˌmaː.ʔɐn̪ n̪ɐn̪ lɪn̪ˈt̪ɪk̚]

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see tinamaan, ng, lintik.

Hoy! Alisin mo nga ang tinamaan na lintik na kotse mong iyan!

(vulgar) general intensive modifier: damn; goddamn


kunsumido

kunsumido (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜋᜒᜇᜓ)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜋᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of konsumido.


konsumido

konsumido (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜋᜒᜇᜓ)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜋᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
kunsumido (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish consumido. By surface analysis, konsumi + -ido.


seksuwal

seksuwál (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜓᜏᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
sekswal (alternative)


makakalimutin

makákalimutín (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜃᜃᜎᜒᜋᜓᜆᜒᜈ᜔)

makákalimutín (canonical)
ᜋᜃᜃᜎᜒᜋᜓᜆᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

From kakalimot (“recently forgot”) + ma- -in. The base has undergone initial syllable reduplication and is itself from ka- + limot (“forgetting”), likely produced via analogy from makalimot, such as in its informal contemplative inflection makakalimot. It may also be reinterpreted as makakalimot + -in.

Kaya't ipinagbigay-alam sa pulisya at NBI na siya'y nawawala. Pinaghanap siya ng mga ito. Talagang lahat ng henyo'y totoong makakalimutin. Kaya naniniwala akong akmang ikapit sa kanya ang taguring ito.

So the police and the NBI are notified that he is missing. They asked him to search. It's true all geniuses are really forgetful. So I believe it's right to stick this nickname to him.

2015, Kirsten Nimwey, The Explorers Series Box Set (Tagalog Edition), Kirsten Nimwey

"Heh, you're really forgetful. I'm Augustus Sawyer of Pioneer! Don't you forget? Or you just haven't recognized me?"

“Heh, makakalimutin ka pala eh. Ako si Augustus Sawyer ng Pioneer! Nalimutan mo na ba? O hindi mo lang ako namukhaan?"


ututin

[ˌʔuːˈt̪uː.t̪ɪn̪]

[ʔʊ.t̪ʊˈt̪ɪn̪]

Ngunit sama-sama pa rin si Robin na maski na siya nga'y isang ututin. Kundi bubunyagin niya ang secreto ni Batman: deds na deds si Bruce kay Catwoman. Ngunit si Robin kung kumilos hilaw na hilaw.

1993, Benito Sj Vergara, Minsa'y sinumpong: mga tula, 1983-1993:


ukol

Saan ukol ang perang ito?

Ukol ako sa maagang pagkamatay.

destined; intended (for someone or something)


pangmatanda

pangmatandâ (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜅ᜔ᜋᜆᜈ᜔ᜇ)

pangmatandâ (canonical)
ᜉᜅ᜔ᜋᜆᜈ᜔ᜇ (Baybayin)


ahit

[ˈʔaː.hɪt̪̚]

Compare Bikol Central ahit and Kapampangan ahit.


patay malisya

patáy malisya (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜆᜌ᜔ ᜋᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜌ)

patáy malisya (canonical)
ᜉᜆᜌ᜔ ᜋᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)
patay-malisya (alternative)

[pɐˌt̪aɪ̯ mɐˈliː.ʃɐ]

From patay + malisya, literally “to kill (all) malice”.

compound

Nang umagang iyon, patay-malisya na patingin-tingin siya sa kapaligiran. Habang nagpapaaraw, napansin niya agad ang bunton ng lupang panambak. Nagdudumilat sa paningin ang malalaking mga sementong kanal.


dedma

Clipping of English dead malice, itself a calque of patay malisya.

Ang dami niyang pe ra' " Ayon sa isa pang mambabasa, ang Philippine Gaming and Amusement Corporation (Pageor) ang nagbayad para sa ... "Wala, nagkatinginan lang kami, tapos dedma* Maganda raw ang trato ni Doktora Loi kay Ika.

2001, Ang makasaysayang People Power Part 2 sa mga pahina ng Pinoy times special edition issues 1-16:

(slang) feigning ignorance; feigning being unaware; snobbing


sinauna

[sɪ.n̪ɐˈʔuː.n̪ɐ]


Pangasinense

tl-adj

Pangasinense (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜅ᜔ᜄᜐᜒᜈᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒ)

ᜉᜅ᜔ᜄᜐᜒᜈᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒ (Baybayin)


Manilenyo

Borrowed from Spanish manileño, from Manila + -eño. By surface analysis, Manila + -enyo.


Indiyano

ᜁᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜈᜓ (Baybayin)
Indyano (alternative)
Indiano (alternative)

[ʔɪn̪ˈd͡ʒaː.n̪o]


Portuges

Portugés (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜇ᜔ᜆᜓᜄᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


nakamulaga

nakamulagâ (canonical)
ᜈᜃᜋᜓᜎᜄ (Baybayin)


maginoo

maginoó (canonical)
ᜋᜄᜒᜈᜓᜂ (Baybayin)
maguinoo (alternative)

respectful; honest; well-mannered; gentlemanlike


agaw-pansin

agaw-pansín (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜄᜏ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜈ᜔)

agaw-pansín (canonical)
ᜀᜄᜏ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ˌʔaː.ɣaʊ̯ pɐn̪ˈsɪn̪]

From agaw (“steal”) + pansin (“attention”).


iika-ika

[ʔɪ.ʔɪˌxaː.ʔɪˈxaʔ]

Sabi nga ng kasamang Roger Sikat: "Napapakunot ang bumabasa sa kuwentong iika-ika ang wika. Wika ang susi ng estilo, at estilo ang humuhubog sa anyo..."
[His] partner Roger Sikat said: "The reader curls with the limping language. Language is the key of style, and style molds the form..."

Nakangiti si Lillian, iika-ika, hila-hila ang kanang paang lumapit sa kanya. Saglit na nagyakap sila, pagkuwa'y naupo, pabulong na nag-usap. Nakatingin si Agnes sa pilay na kanang paa ni Lillian. "Kailan ...? Pa'no...?" "Sa encounter."

2007, Fanny A. Garcia, Sandaang damit: 16 na maikling kuwento, UP Press, →ISBN:

Lillian smiles, limping, pulling the right foot coming to her. They hugged each other for a moment, then they sat, [and] muttered. Agnes is staring on Lillian's paralyzed right foot. "When? How?" "In an encounter."


pinulot sa kangkungan

pinulot sa kangkungan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜈᜓᜎᜓᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜃᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜅᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜒᜈᜓᜎᜓᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜃᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜅᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

Literally, “picked in a kangkong (water spinach) plantation”.

m-g

picked in a <i class="Latn mention" lang="tl">kangkong</i> (water spinach) plantation

lit

(idiomatic) lost a competition without a fight


pindeho

ᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜑᜓ (Baybayin)
pendeho (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish pendejo (“fool; stupid”, literally “pubic hair”), from Vulgar Latin *pectinī̆culum.

bor+

Ngunit aaminin ko na kakaibang interes ang naibuhos ko sa pamilya ng inutil, pendeho ngunit tusong si Julian Baldonado.

But I will admit that I poured out my unusual interest to the family of the useless, stupid but crafty Julian Baldonado.

Di naman sa ako ay pinipendeho, / Dating tipid siya at menus ang luho; / Subalit nang minsang namasyal sa Reno, / Nahawa ng Virus doon sa Casino.

2003, Ben Villar Condino, Puera biro: at iba pang katha:

Not because I am being stupid / He onced saved and kept his riches; / But when he once visited Reno, / There, he caught the virus of the Casino.


nakakalula

nakákalulà (canonical)
ᜈᜃᜃᜎᜓᜎ (Baybayin)


mahalaga

From ma- + halaga. Compare Sanskrit महार्घ (mahārgha).


ganap

Borrowed from Malay genap, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gənəp. Compare Kapampangan ganap, Sundanese genep, Balinese ᬕᭂᬦᭂᬧ᭄ (genep), and Old Javanese gĕnĕp.


may sayad

"May sayad yata sa utak 'yung babae, nakuha pa 'kong ngitian," medyo kalmado na nitong salita. Muli akong tumingin sa labas ng bintana. Nakangiting pinagmasdan ko ang labas.

2003, Ani: Literary Journal of the Cultural Center of the Philippines:

"That woman's apparently a retard, [because] she even knew to smile at me", he said rather calmly. I looked again outside the window. I'm smiling observing what's outside.

Sari-saring tsismis ang kumakalat tungkol kay Aling Valen. Kesyo iniwan daw ito ng asawa at ipinagpalit sa ibang babae o di kaya'y may sayad daw ito sa utak, at kung anu-ano pa. Pero wala kang makukuha ni anumang reaksiyon mula rito.

2008, Josel Nicolas, Palalim nang palalim, padilim nang padilim at iba pang kuwento ng lagim:

There are numerous rumors about Mother Valen. They even said her wife left her and exchanged her for another woman, if not, they say she is mentally retarded, and a lot more. But you can't get any reactions from here.

(offensive) retarded; having mental retardation


praning

Possibly from paranoyd + -ing with vowel elision forming a cluster.

(derogatory) thinking irrationally, especially when under the influence of drugs or alcohol; restless


walang dila

tl-adj

waláng dilà (Baybayin spelling ᜏᜎᜅ᜔ ᜇᜒᜎ)

waláng dilà (canonical)
ᜏᜎᜅ᜔ ᜇᜒᜎ (Baybayin)


walang bayag

waláng bayág (Baybayin spelling ᜏᜎᜅ᜔ ᜊᜌᜄ᜔)

waláng bayág (canonical)
ᜏᜎᜅ᜔ ᜊᜌᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)


hingalo

Possibly from hi- + ngalo, but Panganiban (1973) thinks it to be from hing- + kalo. Compare Malay keluh (“sigh”).


pambansa

pambansang awit

pambansang bayani


mapayapa

mapayapà (plural mapapayapa, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜌᜉ)

mapayapà (canonical)
mapapayapa (plural)
ᜋᜉᜌᜉ (Baybayin)


maplema

maplema (plural mapeplema, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉ᜔ᜎᜒᜋ)


mapula

mapulá (plural mapupula, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜓᜎ)

mapulá (canonical)
mapupula (plural)
ᜋᜉᜓᜎ (Baybayin)


mapunla

mapunlâ (plural mapupunla, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜓᜈ᜔ᜎ)

mapunlâ (canonical)
mapupunla (plural)
ᜋᜉᜓᜈ᜔ᜎ (Baybayin)


mapuno

mapunò (plural mapupuno, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜓᜈᜓ)

mapunò (canonical)
mapupuno (plural)
ᜋᜉᜓᜈᜓ (Baybayin)


masaksa

masaksâ (plural masasaksa, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜃ᜔ᜐ)

masaksâ (canonical)
masasaksa (plural)
ᜋᜐᜃ᜔ᜐ (Baybayin)


masaksi

masaksí (plural masasaksi, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜃ᜔ᜐᜒ)

masaksí (canonical)
masasaksi (plural)
ᜋᜐᜃ᜔ᜐᜒ (Baybayin)


masaklaw

masakláw (plural masasaklaw, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜃ᜔ᜎᜏ᜔)

masakláw (canonical)
masasaklaw (plural)
ᜋᜐᜃ᜔ᜎᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)


masakuna

masakunâ (plural masasakuna, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜃᜓᜈ)

masakunâ (canonical)
masasakuna (plural)
ᜋᜐᜃᜓᜈ (Baybayin)

full of accidents; marred with many accidents


masagal

masagal (plural masasagal, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜄᜎ᜔)


masagwil

masagwíl (plural masasagwil, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜄ᜔ᜏᜒᜎ᜔)

masagwíl (canonical)
masasagwil (plural)
ᜋᜐᜄ᜔ᜏᜒᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


masamyo

masamyô (plural masasamyo, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜋ᜔ᜌᜓ)

masamyô (canonical)
masasamyo (plural)
ᜋᜐᜋ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)


masangsang

masangsáng (canonical)
ᜋᜐᜅ᜔ᜐᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


masangay

masangáy (plural masasangay, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜅᜌ᜔)

masangáy (canonical)
masasangay (plural)
ᜋᜐᜅᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

[mɐ.sɐˈŋaɪ̯]

having many subsidiaries (of a business)


masapot

masapot (plural masasapot, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜉᜓᜆ᜔)


masatsat

masatsát (plural masasatsat, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜆ᜔ᜐᜆ᜔)

masatsát (canonical)
masasatsat (plural)
ᜋᜐᜆ᜔ᜐᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)


masasakyan

masasakyán (canonical)
ᜋᜐᜐᜃ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

May masasakyan ba kayo pauwi?


masigabo

masigabo (plural masisigabo, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜒᜄᜊᜓ)


masikat

masikat (plural masisikat, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜒᜃᜆ᜔)

shiny; bright (such as of the sun or the moon)


masikap

masikap (plural masisikap, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜒᜃᜉ᜔)

diligent; painstaking; assiduous; persevering


masibol

masibol (plural masisibol, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜒᜊᜓᜎ᜔)


masigalot

masigalót (plural masisigalot, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜒᜄᜎᜓᜆ᜔)

masigalót (canonical)
masisigalot (plural)
ᜋᜐᜒᜄᜎᜓᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

with or having many disputes or disagreements


masilakbo

masilakbó (plural masisilakbo, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜒᜎᜃ᜔ᜊᜓ)

masilakbó (canonical)
masisilakbo (plural)
ᜋᜐᜒᜎᜃ᜔ᜊᜓ (Baybayin)


masimpan

masimpán (plural masisimpan, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜒᜋ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔)

masimpán (canonical)
masisimpan (plural)
ᜋᜐᜒᜋ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


masurot

ᜋᜐᜓᜇᜓᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
masorot (alternative)


masustansiya

masustánsiyá (plural masusustansiya, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ)

masustánsiyá (canonical)
masusustansiya (plural)
ᜋᜐᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌ (Baybayin)
masustansya (alternative)

masustansiyang pagkain


masuwerte

ᜋᜐᜓᜏᜒᜇ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
masuerte (alternative)


malihim

malihim (plural malilihim, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜒᜑᜒᜋ᜔)


malibro

malibró (plural malilibro, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜒᜊ᜔ᜇᜓ)

malibró (canonical)
malilibro (plural)
ᜋᜎᜒᜊ᜔ᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

well-supplied with books; having many books


malibog

malibog (plural malilibog, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜒᜊᜓᜄ᜔)


malayaw

malayaw (plural malalayaw, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜌᜏ᜔)

pampered; too free to do whatever one likes


malatak

malatak (plural malalatak, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜆᜃ᜔)


malanggam

malanggám (plural malalanggam, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜅ᜔ᜄᜋ᜔)

malanggám (canonical)
malalanggam (plural)
ᜋᜎᜅ᜔ᜄᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)


malantod

malantód (plural malalantod, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔)

malantód (canonical)
malalantod (plural)
ᜋᜎᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


malamad

malamad (plural malalamad, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜋᜇ᜔)


malalin

malalin (plural malalalin, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜎᜒᜈ᜔)


malamat

malamat (plural malalamat, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜋᜆ᜔)


maitim

maitím (plural maiitim, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜁᜆᜒᜋ᜔)

maitím (canonical)
maiitim (plural)
ᜋᜁᜆᜒᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

[mɐ.ʔɪˈt̪ɪm]

From ma- + itim. Sense 2, from the traditional association of black with evil.

maitim na balak


lahad

lahád (canonical)
ᜎᜑᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
lahar (alternative)


Persa

Borrowed from Spanish persa, from Latin Persa, Persēs, from Ancient Greek Πέρσης (Pérsēs), from Old Persian 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 (p-a-r-s /Pārsa/).

Persian (of, from, or pertaining to Persia)


harapan

From harap + -an. Compare Tausug harapan, Yakan harapan, and Malay hadapan.

face to face; in the presence of each other


binundok

binundók (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜈᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
binondoc (alternative)

(botany) a species of rice (Oryza sativa, sometimes subspecies O. s. indica) grown from fertile irrigated land (tubigan) in the Philippines


burara

[bʊˈɾaː.ɾɐʔ]

slovenly; careless and untidy (in appearance, habit, work, etc.)


materyal

materyál (canonical)
ᜋᜆᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

material; physical; concrete; of the body (not abstract nor spiritual)


makatotohanan

makatotohanan (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜃᜆᜓᜆᜓᜑᜈᜈ᜔)

ᜋᜃᜆᜓᜆᜓᜑᜈᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


nanlilimahid

nanlilimahid (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜈ᜔ᜎᜒᜎᜒᜋᜑᜒᜇ᜔)

ᜈᜈ᜔ᜎᜒᜎᜒᜋᜑᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


karumal-dumal

karumal-dumal (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜇᜓᜋᜎ᜔ᜇᜓᜋᜎ᜔)

ᜃᜇᜓᜋᜎ᜔ᜇᜓᜋᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

From ka- + dumal, with reduplication of dumal.


limahid

limahíd (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜋᜑᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
limahir (alternative)


kasuklam-suklam

kasuklám-suklám (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜐᜓᜃ᜔ᜎᜋ᜔ᜐᜓᜃ᜔ᜎᜋ᜔)

kasuklám-suklám (canonical)
ᜃᜐᜓᜃ᜔ᜎᜋ᜔ᜐᜓᜃ᜔ᜎᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

From ka- + suklam with reduplication of suklam.


kampante

acting as if nothing happens; ignorant; indifferent

Tila kampante siya na wala na siyang kailangang tapusin.

He seemed complacent that he doesn't have anything needed to finish.

Kampante tayo noon sa lakas ng mga mananakop na Americano na hindi kailanman makakalmot man lang ng mga “mababang-uri” na Hapones.

year unknown, Sigay Ii' 2005 Ed., Rex Bookstore, Inc., page 6

We felt smug under the power of the American occupants who have not received a single scratch from the "lower than [human]" Japanese.

Huwag tayong pumayag na maging kampante tayo dahil nabasa na natin sina Derrida o Foucault o Lacan o Jameson o Eagleton o Ashcroft o Soyinka o Ngugi o Murthy; lagi nating isipin na marami pa tayong hindi nababasa.

2003, Isagani R. Cruz, David Jonathan Bayot, Bukod na bukod: mga piling sanaysay, →ISBN:

We should not allow ourselves to become complacent because we have read Derrida or Foucault or Lacan or Jameson or Eagleton or Ashcroft or Soyinka or Ngugi or Murthy; we should always think that we have a lot we have not read.


kahina-hinala

kahiná-hinalà (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜑᜒᜈᜑᜒᜈᜎ)

kahiná-hinalà (canonical)
ᜃᜑᜒᜈᜑᜒᜈᜎ (Baybayin)
kahinahinala (alternative)

From ka- + hinala, with partial reduplication, literally, “suspectable”.

kahina-hinalang kilos


pinaghihinalaan

pinaghíhinaláan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜈᜄ᜔ᜑᜒᜑᜒᜈᜎᜀᜈ᜔)

pinaghíhinaláan (canonical)
ᜉᜒᜈᜄ᜔ᜑᜒᜑᜒᜈᜎᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

pinaghihinalaang magnanakaw


sira ang tuktok

sirâ ang tuktók (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜇ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜆᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜃ᜔)

sirâ ang tuktók (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜇ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜆᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)

[sɪˌɾaʔ ʔɐn̪ t̪ʊkˈt̪ok̚]

[sɪˌɾaː ʔɐn̪ t̪ʊkˈt̪ok̚]

Literally, “one's top [of the head] is destroyed”.

lit

Parang sira ang tuktok kung magmaneho ang kotseng nasa harapan natin.

That car in front of us drives like he's insane.

(idiomatic, colloquial, euphemistic) crazy; stupid; insane


nakaaalarma

tl-adj

nakaáalárma (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜃᜀᜀᜎᜇ᜔ᜋ)

nakaáalárma (canonical)
ᜈᜃᜀᜀᜎᜇ᜔ᜋ (Baybayin)
nakakaalarma (alternative informal)

[n̪ɐ.xɐˌʔaː.ʔɐˈlaɾ.mɐ]

From naka- + alarma, with initial reduplication.


nakakatakot

nakákatákot (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜃᜃᜆᜃᜓᜆ᜔)

nakákatákot (canonical)
ᜈᜃᜃᜆᜃᜓᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)


nakakabingi

nakákabingí (canonical)
ᜈᜃᜃᜊᜒᜅᜒ (Baybayin)

[n̪ɐˌxaː.xɐ.bɪˈŋɪ]


nakakaloko

nakakaloko (feminine nakakaloka, Baybayin spelling ᜈᜃᜃᜎᜓᜃᜓ)

nakakaloka (feminine)
ᜈᜃᜃᜎᜓᜃᜓ (Baybayin)


nakakabwisit

nakakabwisit (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜃᜃᜊ᜔ᜏᜒᜐᜒᜆ᜔)

ᜈᜃᜃᜊ᜔ᜏᜒᜐᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of nakakabuwisit.


nakakabuwisit

nakakabuwisit (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜃᜃᜊᜓᜏᜒᜐᜒᜆ᜔)

ᜈᜃᜃᜊᜓᜏᜒᜐᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
nakakabwisit (alternative)


takal

takál (canonical)
ᜆᜃᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
tacal (alternative)

Borrowed from Malay takar. Compare Cebuano takal and Kapampangan takal.

already measured by a certain unit of measurement (used with na)


maitim ang budhi

maitím ang budhî (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜁᜆᜒᜋ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜇ᜔ᜑᜒ)

maitím ang budhî (canonical)
ᜋᜁᜆᜒᜋ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜇ᜔ᜑᜒ (Baybayin)

[mɐ.ʔɪˌt̪ɪm ʔɐm bʊd̪ˈhɪʔ]

Literally, “having a dark conscience”, from the association of black to evil.


mabulaklak

mabulaklák (plural mabubulaklak, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜎᜃ᜔ᜎᜃ᜔)

mabulaklák (canonical)
mabubulaklak (plural)
ᜋᜊᜓᜎᜃ᜔ᜎᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
bulaklak (root)
mabulaklak (singular)
mabubulaklak (plural)
mas mabulaklak (singular superior)
mas mabubulaklak (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabulaklak (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabubulaklak (inferior plural)
kasimbulaklak (equal)
ang pinakamabulaklak (relative singular)
ang pinakamabubulaklak (plural relative)
napakamabulaklak (absolute singular)
napakamabubulaklak (absolute plural)
pagkabulaklak (absolute singular)
pagkabulaklak-bulaklak (absolute plural)

full of flowers; blooming (of a plant, garden, etc.)


mabubulaklak

tl-head

mabubulaklák (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜊᜓᜎᜃ᜔ᜎᜃ᜔)

mabubulaklák (canonical)
ᜋᜊᜓᜊᜓᜎᜃ᜔ᜎᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)

From ma- + bulaklak with initial reduplication.


maiitim

[mɐ.ʔɪ.ʔɪˈt̪ɪm]

From ma- + itim with initial reduplication.


matigas ang puso

tl-adj

matigás ang pusò (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜆᜒᜄᜐ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜉᜓᜐᜓ)

matigás ang pusò (canonical)
ᜋᜆᜒᜄᜐ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜉᜓᜐᜓ (Baybayin)


kaduda-duda

[kɐˌd̪uː.d̪ɐ ˈd̪uː.d̪ɐ]


pribado

Borrowed from Spanish privado, from Latin prīvātus.


masukal

masukal (plural masusukal, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜐᜓᜃᜎ᜔)

shrubby; brushy; scrubby (of a terrain, forest, etc.)

full of useless things around a place (such as garbage, weeds, flotsam, etc.)


kuwadrado

Borrowed from Spanish cuadrado (“square”).


kayumkom

kayumkóm (canonical)
ᜃᜌᜓᜋ᜔ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)


ketungin

[kɛˈt̪uː.ŋɪn̪]


kidkid

kidkíd (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜇ᜔ᜃᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
quidquid (alternative)

[kɪd̪ˈkɪd̪̚]


kilik

Compare Malay kelek (“armpit; to carry under one's arm”).

cog

carried against the side or the hip with an arm supporting the other side of the load (as carrying a child)


makintab

makintáb (canonical)
ᜋᜃᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜊ᜔ (Baybayin)


budang

budáng (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜇᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
bung (alternative contraction)
dang (alternative clipping)

Commonly believed to be from univerbation of ubod + ng. Compare bang and dang.

Budang laki ng putong hinanda!

forms absolute superlative forms of adjectives


kulakling

kulaklíng (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜎᜃ᜔ᜎᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


kulimlim

kulimlím (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜎᜒᜋ᜔ᜎᜒᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)
colimlim (alternative)
culimlim (alternative)


mabusisi

tl-adj

mabusisì (plural mabubusisi, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜐᜒᜐᜒ)

mabusisì (canonical)
mabubusisi (plural)
ᜋᜊᜓᜐᜒᜐᜒ (Baybayin)
busisi (root)
mabusisi (singular)
mabubusisi (plural)
mas mabusisi (singular superior)
mas mabubusisi (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabusisi (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabubusisi (inferior plural)
kasimbusisi (equal)
ang pinakamabusisi (relative singular)
ang pinakamabubusisi (plural relative)
napakamabusisi (absolute singular)
napakamabubusisi (absolute plural)
pagkabusisi (absolute singular)
pagkabusisi-busisi (absolute plural)


mabuwaya

mabuwaya (plural mabubuwaya/mabuwabuwaya, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜏᜌ)

mabubuwaya (plural)
mabuwabuwaya (plural)
ᜋᜊᜓᜏᜌ (Baybayin)
buwaya (root)
mabuwaya (singular)
mabubuwaya (plural)
mas mabuwaya (singular superior)
mas mabubuwaya (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabuwaya (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabubuwaya (inferior plural)
kasimbuwaya (equal)
ang pinakamabuwaya (relative singular)
ang pinakamabubuwaya (plural relative)
napakamabuwaya (absolute singular)
napakamabubuwaya (absolute plural)
pagkabuwaya (absolute singular)
pagkabuwaya-buwaya (absolute plural)


mabuto

mabutó (plural mabubuto, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜆᜓ)

mabutó (canonical)
mabubuto (plural)
ᜋᜊᜓᜆᜓ (Baybayin)
buto (root)
mabuto (singular)
mabubuto (plural)
mas mabuto (singular superior)
mas mabubuto (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabuto (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabubuto (inferior plural)
kasimbuto (equal)
ang pinakamabuto (relative singular)
ang pinakamabubuto (plural relative)
napakamabuto (absolute singular)
napakamabubuto (absolute plural)
pagkabuto (absolute singular)
pagkabuto-buto (absolute plural)


maburok

maburok (plural mabuburok, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜇᜓᜃ᜔)

mabuburok (plural)
ᜋᜊᜓᜇᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
burok (root)
maburok (singular)
mabuburok (plural)
mas maburok (singular superior)
mas mabuburok (plural superior)
hindi gaanong maburok (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabuburok (inferior plural)
kasimburok (equal)
ang pinakamaburok (relative singular)
ang pinakamabuburok (plural relative)
napakamaburok (absolute singular)
napakamabuburok (absolute plural)
pagkaburok (absolute singular)
pagkaburok-burok (absolute plural)

chubby; round and plump (especially of one's cheeks)


mabunga

mabunga (plural mabubunga, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜅ)

mabubunga (plural)
ᜋᜊᜓᜅ (Baybayin)
bunga (root)
mabunga (singular)
mabubunga (plural)
mas mabunga (singular superior)
mas mabubunga (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabunga (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabubunga (inferior plural)
kasimbunga (equal)
ang pinakamabunga (relative singular)
ang pinakamabubunga (plural relative)
napakamabunga (absolute singular)
napakamabubunga (absolute plural)
pagkabunga (absolute singular)
pagkabunga-bunga (absolute plural)


mabunganga

mabungangà (plural mabubunganga, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜅᜅ)

mabungangà (canonical)
mabubunganga (plural)
ᜋᜊᜓᜅᜅ (Baybayin)
bunganga (root)
mabunganga (singular)
mabubunganga (plural)
mas mabunganga (singular superior)
mas mabubunganga (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabunganga (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabubunganga (inferior plural)
kasimbunganga (equal)
ang pinakamabunganga (relative singular)
ang pinakamabubunganga (plural relative)
napakamabunganga (absolute singular)
napakamabubunganga (absolute plural)
pagkabunganga (absolute singular)
pagkabunganga-bunganga (absolute plural)

[mɐ.bʊˈŋaː.ŋɐʔ]


mabulbol

mabulból (plural mabubulbol, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜎ᜔ᜊᜓᜎ᜔)

mabulból (canonical)
mabubulbol (plural)
ᜋᜊᜓᜎ᜔ᜊᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
bulbol (root)
mabulbol (singular)
mabubulbol (plural)
mas mabulbol (singular superior)
mas mabubulbol (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabulbol (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabubulbol (inferior plural)
kasimbulbol (equal)
ang pinakamabulbol (relative singular)
ang pinakamabubulbol (plural relative)
napakamabulbol (absolute singular)
napakamabubulbol (absolute plural)
pagkabulbol (absolute singular)
pagkabulbol-bulbol (absolute plural)

full of pubic hair; having thick pubic hair


mabulas

mabulas (plural mabubulas, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜎᜐ᜔)

mabubulas (plural)
ᜋᜊᜓᜎᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
bulas (root)
mabulas (singular)
mabubulas (plural)
mas mabulas (singular superior)
mas mabubulas (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabulas (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabubulas (inferior plural)
kasimbulas (equal)
ang pinakamabulas (relative singular)
ang pinakamabubulas (plural relative)
napakamabulas (absolute singular)
napakamabubulas (absolute plural)
pagkabulas (absolute singular)
pagkabulas-bulas (absolute plural)


mabula

mabulâ (plural mabubula, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜎ)

mabulâ (canonical)
mabubula (plural)
ᜋᜊᜓᜎ (Baybayin)
bula (root)
mabula (singular)
mabubula (plural)
mas mabula (singular superior)
mas mabubula (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabula (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabubula (inferior plural)
kasimbula (equal)
ang pinakamabula (relative singular)
ang pinakamabubula (plural relative)
napakamabula (absolute singular)
napakamabubula (absolute plural)
pagkabula (absolute singular)
pagkabula-bula (absolute plural)


mabuhol

mabuhól (plural mabubuhol, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜑᜓᜎ᜔)

mabuhól (canonical)
mabubuhol (plural)
ᜋᜊᜓᜑᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
buhol (root)
mabuhol (singular)
mabubuhol (plural)
mas mabuhol (singular superior)
mas mabubuhol (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabuhol (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabubuhol (inferior plural)
kasimbuhol (equal)
ang pinakamabuhol (relative singular)
ang pinakamabubuhol (plural relative)
napakamabuhol (absolute singular)
napakamabubuhol (absolute plural)
pagkabuhol (absolute singular)
pagkabuhol-buhol (absolute plural)


mabuhok

mabuhók (plural mabubuhok, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜑᜓᜃ᜔)

mabuhók (canonical)
mabubuhok (plural)
ᜋᜊᜓᜑᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
buhok (root)
mabuhok (singular)
mabubuhok (plural)
mas mabuhok (singular superior)
mas mabubuhok (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabuhok (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabubuhok (inferior plural)
kasimbuhok (equal)
ang pinakamabuhok (relative singular)
ang pinakamabubuhok (plural relative)
napakamabuhok (absolute singular)
napakamabubuhok (absolute plural)
pagkabuhok (absolute singular)
pagkabuhok-buhok (absolute plural)


mabuhangin

mabuhangin (plural mabubuhangin, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜑᜅᜒᜈ᜔)

mabubuhangin (plural)
ᜋᜊᜓᜑᜅᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
buhangin (root)
mabuhangin (singular)
mabubuhangin (plural)
mas mabuhangin (singular superior)
mas mabubuhangin (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabuhangin (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabubuhangin (inferior plural)
kasimbuhangin (equal)
ang pinakamabuhangin (relative singular)
ang pinakamabubuhangin (plural relative)
napakamabuhangin (absolute singular)
napakamabubuhangin (absolute plural)
pagkabuhangin (absolute singular)
pagkabuhangin-buhangin (absolute plural)


mabintog

mabintóg (plural mabibintog, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜄ᜔)

mabintóg (canonical)
mabibintog (plural)
ᜋᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)
bintog (root)
mabintog (singular)
mabibintog (plural)
mas mabintog (singular superior)
mas mabibintog (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabintog (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabibintog (inferior plural)
kasimbintog (equal)
ang pinakamabintog (relative singular)
ang pinakamabibintog (plural relative)
napakamabintog (absolute singular)
napakamabibintog (absolute plural)
pagkabintog (absolute singular)
pagkabintog-bintog (absolute plural)
mapintog (alternative)


mabalang

mabalang (plural mababalang, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜎᜅ᜔)

mababalang (plural)
ᜋᜊᜎᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
balang (root)
mabalang (singular)
mababalang (plural)
mas mabalang (singular superior)
mas mababalang (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabalang (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mababalang (inferior plural)
kasimbalang (equal)
ang pinakamabalang (relative singular)
ang pinakamababalang (plural relative)
napakamabalang (absolute singular)
napakamababalang (absolute plural)
pagkabalang (absolute singular)
pagkabalang-balang (absolute plural)

infested with locusts; having many locusts


mabalakubak

mabalakubak (plural mababalakubak, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜎᜃᜓᜊᜃ᜔)

mababalakubak (plural)
ᜋᜊᜎᜃᜓᜊᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
balakubak (root)
mabalakubak (singular)
mababalakubak (plural)
mas mabalakubak (singular superior)
mas mababalakubak (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabalakubak (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mababalakubak (inferior plural)
kasimbalakubak (equal)
ang pinakamabalakubak (relative singular)
ang pinakamababalakubak (plural relative)
napakamabalakubak (absolute singular)
napakamababalakubak (absolute plural)
pagkabalakubak (absolute singular)
pagkabalakubak-balakubak (absolute plural)


mabalakid

mabalakid (plural mababalakid, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜎᜃᜒᜇ᜔)

mababalakid (plural)
ᜋᜊᜎᜃᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
balakid (root)
mabalakid (singular)
mababalakid (plural)
mas mabalakid (singular superior)
mas mababalakid (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabalakid (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mababalakid (inferior plural)
kasimbalakid (equal)
ang pinakamabalakid (relative singular)
ang pinakamababalakid (plural relative)
napakamabalakid (absolute singular)
napakamababalakid (absolute plural)
pagkabalakid (absolute singular)
pagkabalakid-balakid (absolute plural)


mabakas

mabakás (plural mababakas, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜃᜐ᜔)

mabakás (canonical)
mababakas (plural)
ᜋᜊᜃᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
bakas (root)
mabakas (singular)
mababakas (plural)
mas mabakas (singular superior)
mas mababakas (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabakas (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mababakas (inferior plural)
kasimbakas (equal)
ang pinakamabakas (relative singular)
ang pinakamababakas (plural relative)
napakamabakas (absolute singular)
napakamababakas (absolute plural)
pagkabakas (absolute singular)
pagkabakas-bakas (absolute plural)


maaya

maaya (plural maaaya, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜀᜌ)


maaskad

maaskád (plural maaaskad, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜀᜐ᜔ᜃᜇ᜔)

maaskád (canonical)
maaaskad (plural)
ᜋᜀᜐ᜔ᜃᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


maaral

maaral (plural maaaral, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜀᜇᜎ᜔)

[mɐˈʔaː.ɾɐl]

full of moral lessons (of a story, lecture, etc.)


maango

maangó (plural maaango, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜀᜅᜓ)

maangó (canonical)
maaango (plural)
ᜋᜀᜅᜓ (Baybayin)


maamag

[mɐˈʔaː.mɐɡ̚]


maalingasaw

maalingasaw (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜀᜎᜒᜅᜐᜏ᜔)


maalindog

maalindóg (plural maaalindog, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜀᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜄ᜔)

maalindóg (canonical)
maaalindog (plural)
ᜋᜀᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)

[mɐ.ʔɐ.lɪn̪ˈd̪oɡ̚]

charming; attractive; beautiful; glamorous


maulap

maulap (plural mauulap, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜂᜎᜉ᜔)


maagiw

[mɐˈʔaː.ɣɪʊ̯]


maalog

[mɐ.ʔɐˈloɡ̚]


maharos

maharós (plural mahaharos, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜑᜇᜓᜐ᜔)

maharós (canonical)
mahaharos (plural)
ᜋᜑᜇᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


mahawas

mahawás (plural mahahawas, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜑᜏᜐ᜔)

mahawás (canonical)
mahahawas (plural)
ᜋᜑᜏᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

somewhat oval or elongated (of one's face)


mahayop

mahayop (plural mahahayop, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜑᜌᜓᜉ᜔)


mahimala

mahimalâ (plural mahihimala, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜑᜒᜋᜎ)

mahimalâ (canonical)
mahihimala (plural)
ᜋᜑᜒᜋᜎ (Baybayin)


mahinahon

mahinahon (plural mahihinahon, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜑᜒᜈᜑᜓᜈ᜔)

mahihinahon (plural)
ᜋᜑᜒᜈᜑᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

calm (of one's speech, action, or conduct)


mahinala

mahinalà (plural mahihinala, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜑᜒᜈᜎ)

mahinalà (canonical)
mahihinala (plural)
ᜋᜑᜒᜈᜎ (Baybayin)


mahinhin

mahinhín (canonical)
ᜋᜑᜒᜈ᜔ᜑᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


deskumpiyado

deskumpiyado (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜌᜇᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜌᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
diskompiyado (alternative)
diskumpiyado (alternative)

distrustful; suspicious; wary; skeptical


pamalagian

pámalagián (canonical)
ᜉᜋᜎᜄᜒᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


espesyal

espesyál (canonical)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
ispesyal (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish especial, from Latin speciālis.


ditdit

[d̪ɪt̪ˈd̪ɪt̪̚]


sinsay

deviating; deflected (from the right path or direction)


simot

simót (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜋᜓᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
saymot (alternative)

completely consumed to the last grain, sauce, etc. (of food)


tsikiting

tsikitíng (Baybayin spelling ᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜃᜒᜆᜒᜅ᜔)

tsikitíng (canonical)
ᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜃᜒᜆᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
sikiting (alternative)
chikiting (alternative)

[t͡ʃɪ.xɪˈt̪ɪŋ]

[t͡sɪ.xɪˈt̪ɪŋ]

Borrowed from Spanish chiquitín, from chiquito + -ín. By surface analysis, tsikito + -ing.


botsa

botsà (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜆ᜔ᜐ (Baybayin)
botcha (alternative)

[ˈboː.t͡ʃɐʔ]

Possibly from Hokkien 無食 /无食 (bô chia̍h, literally “did not eat”).


tawid

tawíd (canonical)
ᜆᜏᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
tauir (alternative)
tawir (alternative)

from across the river, sea, etc. (of a person or thing)

saved or having passed the critical state (as of a critically ill patient)


tambak

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tambak. Compare Javanese ꦠꦩ꧀ꦧꦏ꧀ (tambak, “dyke”), Malay tambak (“embankment”), and Maranao tambak (“rampart”).

(sports, colloquial) on a substantial point disadvantage against an opponent


tubigan

[t̪ʊˈbiː.ɣɐn̪]

From tubig + -an. The game of patintero is called as such, because one informally prepares the playing field via drawing lines on the ground (sand or soil) that look like tiny depressions on the ground reminiscent of irrigated fields on farms.

clipping of natubigan: fed up; burned out

clipping of natubigan: filled with water


timbulog

timbulóg (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜎᜓᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)


mapag-aruga

tl-adj

mapág-arugâ (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜄ᜔ᜀᜇᜓᜄ)

mapág-arugâ (canonical)
ᜋᜉᜄ᜔ᜀᜇᜓᜄ (Baybayin)

[mɐˌpaɡ.ʔɐ.ɾʊˈɣaʔ]


mapagmahal

mapagmahál (canonical)
ᜋᜉᜄ᜔ᜋᜑᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


madalian

mádalían (plural madadalian, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜇᜎᜒᜀᜈ᜔)

mádalían (canonical)
madadalian (plural)
ᜋᜇᜎᜒᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


malakihan

málakíhan (canonical)
ᜋᜎᜃᜒᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


mapagsamantala

mapagsamantalá (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜄ᜔ᜐᜋᜈ᜔ᜆᜎ)

mapagsamantalá (canonical)
ᜋᜉᜄ᜔ᜐᜋᜈ᜔ᜆᜎ (Baybayin)

opportunistic; characteristic of an advantage taker

mapagsamantalang amo


kitil

From Proto-Austronesian *kətil (“pinch off”). Compare Malay ketil. See also Ilocano kettel and Cebuano kutol.

nipped; cut off (using fingers, an instrument, or tool)

(by extension) killed; having one's life ended

(by extension) killed; suppressed (of someone's idea, hope, ambition, etc.)


jontis

ᜇ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


episyente

episyente (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ)

ᜁᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)

[ʔɛ.pɪˈʃɛn̪.t̪ɛ]

Hindi sapat ang wasto at episyenteng wika; gusto ng tao na mapaunlad at maging kasangkapan niya sa pag-unlad ang kaniyang wika.

2015, Virgilio S. Almario, Pagpaplanong Wika at Filipino, archived from the original on 2018-08-27, page 120:

Correct and efficient language is not sufficient; the people desire progress and that language become their implement for progress.


balitado

Bago pa lamang sumabog ang ikalawang pandaigdigang digmaan, balitado na ang pang-aapi sa mga Hudyo sa Europa.

2019 June 11, Jera Sison, “Quezon's Game: Ang Kasaysayan na hindi isinali sa ating aralin”, in Pilipino Mirror, archived from the original on 2019-09-25:

Even before the outbreak of the Second World War, the persecution of the Jews in Europe was already well reported.


mabitamina

mabitamina (plural mabibitamina, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜒᜆᜋᜒᜈ)

mabibitamina (plural)
ᜋᜊᜒᜆᜋᜒᜈ (Baybayin)
bitamina (root)
mabitamina (singular)
mabibitamina (plural)
mas mabitamina (singular superior)
mas mabibitamina (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabitamina (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabibitamina (inferior plural)
kasimbitamina (equal)
ang pinakamabitamina (relative singular)
ang pinakamabibitamina (plural relative)
napakamabitamina (absolute singular)
napakamabibitamina (absolute plural)
pagkabitamina (absolute singular)
pagkabitamina-bitamina (absolute plural)

Mabitamina itong prutas.


liyamado

Borrowed from Spanish llamado (“called”).

bor+

preferred to win; in demand in the amount of bets (in cockfights, races, etc.)

Sa unang diskusyon pa lang, o sa pamamagitan ng talumpati ni Felipe R. Jose noong 13 Agosto 1934, ay Tagalog na ang liyamadong katutubong wika.

2015, Virgilio S. Almario, Pagpaplanong Wika at Filipino, archived from the original on 2018-08-27, page 12,14:

Right at the first discussions, or through Felipe R. Jose’s formal address on 13 August 1934, Tagalog had been the seeded candidate among the native languages.

(by extension) in a superior position; in a preferred position


korap

koráp (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇᜉ᜔ (Baybayin)
kurap (alternative)

Borrowed from English corrupt. Doublet of korupto.

Sa panahon ng Kastila, at dahil sa bulok na pamamahala ng mga Kastila, nakita natin na wala namang mangyayari sa ating mga hinaing kung ang aasahan din lamang ay ang mga tamad na empleyado o korap na huwes o alkalde.

1997, Pagdiriwang Sa Meron: A Festival of Thought Celebrating Fr. Roque J. Ferriols, S.J.:

During the Spanish colonial era, and because of the weak governance under the Spaniards, we see that nothing happened to our grievances if we would only expect lazy government employees or corrupt judges and mayors.


layaw

layáw (canonical)
ᜎᜌᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)
layao (alternative)


triyanggulo

tl-adj

triyángguló (Baybayin spelling ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜅ᜔ᜄᜓᜎᜓ)

triyángguló (canonical)
ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜅ᜔ᜄᜓᜎᜓ (Baybayin)
trianggulo (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish triángulo (“triangle”).


tilasitha

tilasithâ (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜎᜐᜒᜆ᜔ᜑ (Baybayin)


rektanggulo

tl-adj

rektángguló (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜆᜅ᜔ᜄᜓᜎᜓ)

rektángguló (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜆᜅ᜔ᜄᜓᜎᜓ (Baybayin)

[ɾɛkˌt̪aŋ.ɡʊˈlo]

Borrowed from Spanish rectángulo (“rectangle”).


brilyante

tl-adj

brilyante (Baybayin spelling ᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ)

ᜊ᜔ᜇᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)


Tseko

Tseko (feminine Tseka, Baybayin spelling ᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜃᜓ)

Borrowed from Spanish checo, from Czech Čech.

Czech (of, from, or pertaining to the Czech Republic)


Batikano

ᜊᜆᜒᜃᜈᜓ (Baybayin)
Vaticano (alternative)


blangko

Borrowed from Spanish blanco, from Early Medieval Latin blancus.


mayroon

mayroón (canonical)
ᜋᜌ᜔ᜇᜓᜂᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
maydoon (alternative obsolete)
mayron (alternative)
mayro'n (alternative)
mayruon (alternative)
meron (alternative informal)
mer-on (alternative)
mir-on (alternative)

From univerbation of may (“be; have”) + roon (“there”).

univ

(colloquial) undergoing menstruation (of a woman)


kawal

Borrowed from Malay kawal, from Tamil காவல் (kāval).


matagumpay

tl-adj

matagumpáy (plural matatagumpay, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜆᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜌ᜔)

matagumpáy (canonical)
matatagumpay (plural)
ᜋᜆᜄᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


torete

[t̪oˈɾɛː.t̪ɛ]

Borrowed from Spanish torete, diminutive form of toro.

(slang, by extension) head over heels; madly in love


mulala

Borrowed from Kapampangan mulala (“simpleton; stupefied”).


pariwara

[pɐ.ɾɪ.wɐˈɾaʔ]


ewan

pronunciation spelling
pronunciation spelling


watak

waták (canonical)
ᜏᜆᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
uatac (alternative)


akibat

ᜀᜃᜒᜊᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
acqibat (alternative)
acquibat (alternative)
aquibat (alternative)

[ʔɐˈxiː.bɐt̪̚]

Possibly from Malay akibat, from Arabic عَاقِبَة (ʕāqiba, “consequence; obstacle”). See also Classical Persian عاقِبَت (āqiḇat, “consequence, conclusion, ramification”).

ncog

worn as symbol; worn as emblem (especially worn across from shoulder to side)


makrema

tl-adj

makrema (plural makekrema, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜋ)

[mɐˈkɾɛː.mɐ]

Pinasasarap nito ang mga lutuin dahil sa makremang lasa at tamang-tamang tamis.

It makes dishes more delicious because of its creamy taste and adequate sweetness.


mapagkondena

mapagkondená (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜈ)

mapagkondená (canonical)
ᜋᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜈ (Baybayin)

Gayunman, wala diumanong masamang inihayag si Aguinaldo bilang tugon sa mga mapagkondenang paratang sa kaniya ni Mabini.

2015, Apolinario Mabini, translated by Michael M. Coroza, Ang rebolusyong Filipino, →ISBN, page xxxi:

However, Aguinaldo allegedly said nothing negative in response to Mabini's condemnatory accusations.


aktiba

Borrowed from Spanish activa, feminine of activo, from Latin actīvus.


Bikolano

ᜊᜒᜃᜓᜎᜈᜓ (Baybayin)
Bicolano (alternative)


tsaka

ᜆ᜔ᜐᜃ (Baybayin)
chaka (alternative common)
chaca (alternative)

From Chaka Khan, the stage name of American pop singer Yvette Marie Stevens, through swardspeak (gay slang) of the Philippines which considered her unattractive.


gurang

Compare Bikol Central gurang, Waray-Waray gurang, Cebuano tigulang. Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *Rudaŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *Rudaŋ. Doublet of gulang.

of age; full-fledged; adult; mature (of the right age)

(slang) old; aged; senior; elderly; geriatric (having lived for relatively many years)


tigil

having the habit of stopping or resting very often during worktime

unnaturally silent (as if sick or lonely)

(physics, neologism) immobile; having no motion


tigang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təgaŋ, from *-gaŋ (“dry”).

(slang, figurative) thirsty for flirtation or sex (especially after a period of time without sexual intercourse)


tikwas

tikwás (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜃ᜔ᜏᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
ticuas (alternative)


tiklop

tiklóp (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜃ᜔ᜎᜓᜉ᜔ (Baybayin)
ticlop (alternative)


tabingi

[t̪ɐ.bɪˈŋɪʔ]


hayok

hayók (canonical)
ᜑᜌᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
ayok (alternative)


maingat

maingat (plural maiingat, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜁᜅᜆ᜔)

[mɐˈʔiː.ŋɐt̪̚]


ganid

[ˈɡaː.n̪ɪd̪̚]


dumog

inundated by an unruly crowd (of a place or event)


tigib

filled up to full capacity; overcrowded; overloaded

overwhelmed; overburdened (with sorrows, difficulties, etc.)


silag

visible through transparent or translucent objects


durog

duróg (canonical)
ᜇᜓᜇᜓᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)
dorog (alternative)

[ˈd̪uː.ɾoɡ̚]

(figurative) defeated

pulverized; crushed into pieces; crushed into powder


halumigmig

halumigmíg (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜎᜓᜋᜒᜄ᜔ᜋᜒᜄ᜔)

halumigmíg (canonical)
ᜑᜎᜓᜋᜒᜄ᜔ᜋᜒᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)

[hɐ.lʊ.mɪɡˈmɪɡ̚]

Kung umaga, halumigmig ang mga halaman.

2010, Diksyunaryong Tagalog, Goodwill Trading Co., Inc., →ISBN, page 35:

When it is morning, the plants are damp.


mahalumigmig

mahalumigmíg (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜑᜎᜓᜋᜒᜄ᜔ᜋᜒᜄ᜔)

mahalumigmíg (canonical)
ᜋᜑᜎᜓᜋᜒᜄ᜔ᜋᜒᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)

Karaniwan nang nararanasan ang mahalumigmig na klima sa mga lupaing ito.

2005, Kayamanan Ii' 2005 Ed., Rex Bookstore, Inc., →ISBN, page 19:

It is common to experience humid climate in these lands.

Patuloy na makakaranas ang Metro Manila ng mainit at mahalumigmig na panahon ngayong Lunes ngunit posible ring magkaroon ng pagkulog at pagkidlat sa bandang hapon.

2019 May 20, Cherrylin Caacbay, “Init sa NAIA, umabot ng 45.1 degrees Celsius”, in RMN Networks, archived from the original on 2020-04-14:

Metro Manila will continue experiencing a hot and humid weather this Monday but it is also possible that there will be thunders and lightnings in the afternoon.


Asyano

[ʔɐˈʃaː.n̪o]

Borrowed from Philippine Spanish asiano, from Latin āsiānus, from Ancient Greek Ἀσιανός (Asianós).


dikit

dikít (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜃᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
digkit (alternative)
rikit (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəkət (“paste, adhesive”) (compare Bikol Central dukot, Malay dekat (“near; close”), and Waray-Waray dukot), from Proto-Austronesian *dəkəC (compare Paiwan djekec (“rice crust”)).

inh

(figurative) physically very close to each other


parak

parák (canonical)
ᜉᜇᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
parat (alternative)


maunlad

maunlád (canonical)
ᜋᜂᜈ᜔ᜎᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
maunlar (alternative)


sapak

sapák (canonical)
ᜐᜉᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
sapac (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sapak<t:crack, split, or sound of a crack of split. Compare Bikol Central sapak.

broken off (of a branch, especially at the fork)


ginisa

(figurative, colloquial) grilled; interrogated


walat

completely destroyed; demolished; wrecked; ruined


biyak

biyák (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜌᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
biak (alternative)
byak (alternative)

From Proto-Central Philippine *bəʔak. Compare Bikol Central baak, Cebuano buak, and Hokkien 劈 (phiak).


sapin-sapin

tl-adj

sapín-sapín (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜉᜒᜈ᜔)

sapín-sapín (canonical)
ᜐᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜉᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
sapinsapin (alternative)

[sɐˌpɪn̪ sɐˈpɪn̪]

with several layers; laid in several layers


arawan

[ʔɐ.ɾɐˈwan̪]

[ʔɐˈɾaː.wɐn̪]


luwad

luwád (canonical)
ᜎᜓᜏᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
loar (alternative)
luad (alternative)


Inggles

Ingglés (canonical)
ᜁᜅ᜔ᜄ᜔ᜎᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


malambing

malambíng (plural malalambing, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜅ᜔)

malambíng (canonical)
malalambing (plural)
ᜋᜎᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)


malamok

malamók (plural malalamok, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜋᜓᜃ᜔)

malamók (canonical)
malalamok (plural)
ᜋᜎᜋᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)

having plenty of mosquitoes (in an area)


maipis

maipis (plural maiipis, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜁᜉᜒᜐ᜔)

full of cockroaches; infested with cockroaches


palamara

From Sanskrit प्रमाद (pramāda, “negligence; carelessness”). Compare Old Javanese pramāda (“intoxication, blindness; negligence, carelessness”).

cog

(obsolete) ungrateful, especially one who does not take care of what was given


latag

[ˈlaː.t̪ɐɡ̚]

covered; spread over with a mat, rug, etc. (of a flat surface)


kurap

kuráp (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇᜉ᜔ (Baybayin)
corap (alternative)
quirap (alternative)
kirap (alternative obsolete)


koryente

ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
kuryente (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish corriente, from Latin currens, currentis.

current; prevailing; happening at the present time


damdam

damdám (canonical)
ᜇᜋ᜔ᜇᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)
ramdam (alternative)
randam (alternative)
ramram (alternative)

Borrowed from Malay dendam or from Southern Luzon *dəmdəm via Kapampangan damdam, possibly from either:
* from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəmdəm. Possible doublet of limlim.
* from Sanskrit दंड (daṃḍa, “punishment, penalty”).

der

Damdam ko ang lungkot mo.


malakristal

tl-adj

malakristál (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜎ᜔)

malakristál (canonical)
ᜋᜎᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

Ang malakristal na tubig nito ay mabilis na bumabagsak buhat sa itaas ng bundok hanggang sa isang ilog.

2004, Makabayan 3' 2004 Ed., Rex Bookstore, Inc., →ISBN, page 63:

Its crystalline water rapidly falls from the top of the mountain into the river.

Ang Hundred Islands sa Pangasinan ay binubuo ng mahigit na 400 coral-line islet na nakakalat sa malinaw at malakristal na tubig ng Golpo ng Lingayen.

2007, Sambotani Ii' 2007 Ed., Rex Bookstore, Inc., →ISBN, page 27:

The Hundred Islands of Pangasinan are made up of more than 400 coral-line islets spread throughout the clear and crystalline waters of the Lingayen Gulf.

crystalline (resembling a crystal in being clear and transparent)


mapaglapi-lapi

mapaglapì-lapì (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜄ᜔ᜎᜉᜒᜎᜉᜒ)

mapaglapì-lapì (canonical)
ᜋᜉᜄ᜔ᜎᜉᜒᜎᜉᜒ (Baybayin)
mapaglapilapi (alternative)

Ang ating wika ay mapaglapilapi; lagi tayong gumagamit ng mga panlaping panguna, paningit at panghuli.

1923, Jose N. Sevilla, Paul R. Verzosa, Ag̃ aklat ng̃ Tagalog: kaunaunahag̃ aklat na dalawáng wiká na sumusuysóy sa Pilolohia at Panitikag̃ Tagalog, page 43:

Our language is agglutinative; we quite extensively make use of prefixes, infixes and suffixes.

agglutinative (having words derived by combining parts)


gulanit

[ɡʊ.lɐˈn̪ɪt̪̚]


siwang

Compare Ilocano siwang and Yogad siwang.


nakakapagpabagabag

nakákapagpabagábag (superlative pinakanakakapagpabagabag, Baybayin spelling ᜈᜃᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜉᜊᜄᜊᜄ᜔)

nakákapagpabagábag (canonical)
pinakanakakapagpabagabag (superlative)
ᜈᜃᜃᜉᜄ᜔ᜉᜊᜄᜊᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)


panibughuin

panibughuin (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜈᜒᜊᜓᜄ᜔ᜑᜓᜁᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜈᜒᜊᜓᜄ᜔ᜑᜓᜁᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


ligpit

Definition shifted from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lig(ə)pit (“to fasten”). Compare the false friend Cebuano ligpit (“to hold in place by pressing down”) which retained the original meaning.

cog

cleared of scattered objects (of a place)

(colloquial, euphemistic) killed; murdered


antukin

[ʔɐn̪ˈt̪uː.xɪn̪]

[ʔɐn̪.t̪ʊˈxɪn̪]


hapit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapit (“to press together (between two surfaces)”), from Proto-Austronesian *Sapit.


hasik

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hasək. Compare Cebuano hasok.


halabos

halabós (canonical)
ᜑᜎᜊᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
hablos (alternative)
halbos (alternative syncope)

boiled with only slightly salted water (of shrimp, crab, meat, etc.)


hambalang

fallen or lying across the way (blocking one's path)


tingala

[t̪ɪ.ŋɐˈlaʔ]

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tiŋadaq. Compare Bikol Central tingara, Malay tengadah, and Palauan dengarech.

inh+

tilted upward; with one end, side, or edge raised or higher than the opposite


kudkurin

kúdkúrin (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜇ᜔ᜃᜓᜇᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[kʊd̪.kʊˈɾɪn̪]

to be grated, scraped, or shaved (of something)


pinagsamantalahan

tl-adj

pinagsamantalahán (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜈᜄ᜔ᜐᜋᜈ᜔ᜆᜎᜑᜈ᜔)

pinagsamantalahán (canonical)
ᜉᜒᜈᜄ᜔ᜐᜋᜈ᜔ᜆᜎᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

taken advantage of, (usually sexually or physically)


damag

[ˈd̪aː.mɐɡ̚]


bokya

Uncertain. Possibly from Hokkien Chinese, according to Zorc (1993). See also Hokkien 無攑 /无𫽥 (bô kia̍h, literally “to hold up nothing”).


sulatin

of which one is supposed to write about (of a topic, idea, matter, subject, etc.)


kapit sa patalim

tl-adj

kapit sa patalím (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔)

kapit sa patalím (canonical)
ᜃᜉᜒᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜆᜎᜒᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

Literally, “clutch on a blade”, from the proverb ang taong nagigipit, sa patalim kumakapit.

(idiomatic) living in a precarious or dangerous situation; living on the razor's edge


kalawangin

kalawangín (canonical)
ᜃᜎᜏᜅᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

kalawanging turnilyo


lilip

lilíp (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜎᜒᜉ᜔ (Baybayin)
lilib (alternative obsolete)

Compare Sambali lilip and Kapampangan lilip.


taon-taon

taón-taón (canonical)
ᜆᜂᜈ᜔ᜆᜂᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[t̪ɐˌʔon̪ t̪ɐˈʔon̪]

Reduplication of taon (“year”). Literally, “year by year”.


malubak

malubák (plural malulubak, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜓᜊᜃ᜔)

malubák (canonical)
malulubak (plural)
ᜋᜎᜓᜊᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
lubak (root)
malubak (singular)
malulubak (plural)
mas malubak (singular superior)
mas malulubak (plural superior)
hindi gaanong malubak (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong malulubak (inferior plural)
kasiubak (equal)
ang pinakamalubak (relative singular)
ang pinakamalulubak (plural relative)
napakamalubak (absolute singular)
napakamalulubak (absolute plural)
pagkalubak (absolute singular)
pagkalubak-lubak (absolute plural)


tungkab

tungkáb (canonical)
ᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜃᜊ᜔ (Baybayin)
tingkab (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tu(ŋ)kab (cf. Cebuano tukab, Pangasinan tongkab).

dislodged; forced out of position (e.g. a big rock from a mountain side)

forced open; jimmied open (as of a lock)


tirik

tirík (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜇᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
tiric (alternative)

[ˈt̪iː.ɾɪk̚]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tə(n)dək. Compare Ilocano teddek (“post; pillar; column; headman; chief”).

cog

set upright; set in an erect or straight position

frequently stalling on the road (of a vehicle)


matimbang

tl-adj

matimbáng (plural matitimbang, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜆᜒᜋ᜔ᜊᜅ᜔)

matimbáng (canonical)
matitimbang (plural)
ᜋᜆᜒᜋ᜔ᜊᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
timbang (root)
matimbang (singular)
matitimbang (plural)
mas matimbang (singular superior)
mas matitimbang (plural superior)
hindi gaanong matimbang (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong matitimbang (inferior plural)
kasintimbang (equal)
ang pinakamatimbang (relative singular)
ang pinakamatitimbang (plural relative)
napakamatimbang (absolute singular)
napakamatitimbang (absolute plural)
pagkatimbang (absolute singular)
pagkatimbang-timbang (absolute plural)


maparas

maparás (plural mapaparas, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜇᜐ᜔)

maparás (canonical)
mapaparas (plural)
ᜋᜉᜇᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)


mababangis

mababangís (canonical)
ᜋᜊᜊᜅᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

From ma- + bangis with initial reduplication.


magugulo

From ma- + gulo with initial reduplication.


tipon

gathered; collected together (in a certain place)

assembled together (of people in a certain place)

compiled into a single volume or collection (of literary works)


masusukal

From ma- + sukal with initial reduplication.


tumbalik

tumbalík or tumbalik (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜎᜒᜃ᜔)

tumbalík (canonical)
tumbalik (canonical)
ᜆᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜎᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)

From Proto-Philippine *tumbalik, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *balik. Compare balik.

reverse; contrary; opposite (of position, direction, etc.)


tumbok

tumbók (canonical)
ᜆᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
tomboc (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumbuk (“punch; hit”) (cf. Malay tumbuk).

inh

hit dead center; directly hit (such as a bullseye hit)

(by extension, usually hyperbolic) absolutely correct (of an answer)

struck or hit in passing (e.g. a standing vehicle hit by a passing car)


tungkol

tungkól (canonical)
ᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
tongcol (alternative)
tungcol (alternative)
tunkol (alternative obsolete)

From Proto-Philippine *tuŋkul (“about”).

May parusa sa tungkol maysala.

There will be punishment to all who are guilty.


bungkos

bungkós (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
bongcos (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋkus (cf. Malay bungkus, Bikol Central bungkos), from *-kus.


bohaghag

bohaghág (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜑᜄ᜔ᜑᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)


tiim

pressed or clenched tightly to suppress anger, pain, etc. (of one's lips, teeth, or jaws)


tiim

tiím (canonical)
ᜆᜒᜁᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)
tim (alternative)

Borrowed from Hokkien 𤆤 (tīm, “to braise”) with epenthesis splitting into two syllables (cf. aam, gaas, tsaa, and siim).


de-lata

From de- + lata, from Spanish de (“of”) and Spanish lata (“can”).

de-latang sardinas

Sa normal na rasyon, ang imbak na bigas ay aabot lamang sa 20 araw, tatlumpu sa arina at delatang gulay at limampu sa mga delatang gatas, karne at isda.

1996, Renato Constantino, Ang bagong lumipas: 1940-1965, Volume 2, →ISBN, page 53:

In a normal ration, stored rice lasts up to 20 days, 30 for flour and canned vegetables and fifty for canned milk, meat and fish.

delatang sardinas

2017, Edgie Polistico, Philippine Food, Cooking, & Dining Dictionary, Anvil Publishing, Inc., →ISBN:

Nakatakdang tumaas ang presyo ng mga delatang sardinas sa unang linggo ng Disyembre.

2018 November 15, Lordeth Bonilla, “Presyo ng sardinas tataas”, in Pilipino Star Ngayon:

The price of canned sardines is set to increase on the first week of December.


pilyo

tl-adj

pilyo (feminine pilya, Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓ)

Borrowed from Spanish pillo, from Latin pīlum.

Sinalubong siya ng pilyong ngiti ni Rafael. Niyakap niya nang mahigpit ang anak.

2000, Ang aklat likhaan ng tula at maikling kuwento 1998:

Rafael greeted him with a naughty smile. He hugged his son tightly.


makukulit

makukulít (canonical)
ᜋᜃᜓᜃᜓᜎᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

From ma- + kulit with initial reduplication.


matrapik

matrapik (plural matatrapik, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜆ᜔ᜇᜉᜒᜃ᜔)

Laging matrapik ang EDSA anumang oras.

Isang matandang babae ang nagtatangkang tumawid sa matrapik na kalye. Mabilis na lumapit si Lucio at yaong hawak sa bisig ng matanda ay matiyagang inalalayan sa pagtawid.

1972, “Ulirang Tagakupkop”, in Liwayway:

An old woman attempted to cross the congested street. Lucio quickly came and held the old woman's arms as he helped her to cross.

experiencing frequent traffic jams; congested with traffic


matatrapik

tl-head

matatrapik (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜆᜆ᜔ᜇᜉᜒᜃ᜔)

ᜋᜆᜆ᜔ᜇᜉᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
matratrapik (alternative)

From ma- + trapik with initial reduplication.


sentenaryo

tl-adj

sentenaryo (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)
sentinaryo (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish centenario, from Latin centenarius.


makulimlim

makulimlím (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜃᜓᜎᜒᜋ᜔ᜎᜒᜋ᜔)

makulimlím (canonical)
ᜋᜃᜓᜎᜒᜋ᜔ᜎᜒᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)


dahan-dahan

dahan-dahan (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜑᜈ᜔ᜇᜑᜈ᜔)

ᜇᜑᜈ᜔ᜇᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
rahan-rahan (alternative)

Reduplication of dahan. See also Japanese 段々(だんだん) (dandan) and Malay perlahan.


de-motor

de-motór (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜋᜓᜆᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
demotor (alternative)

From de- + motor, where Spanish de motor (“of motor”).

bangkang de-motor


mapang-api

mapáng-apí (canonical)
ᜋᜉᜅ᜔ᜀᜉᜒ (Baybayin)

[mɐ.pɐŋ.ʔɐˈpɪ]


mapang-apid

mapáng-apíd (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜅ᜔ᜀᜉᜒᜇ᜔)

mapáng-apíd (canonical)
ᜋᜉᜅ᜔ᜀᜉᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

[mɐˌpaŋ.ʔɐˈpɪd̪̚]


mapanghusga

mapánghusgá (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜅ᜔ᜑᜓᜐ᜔ᜄ)

mapánghusgá (canonical)
ᜋᜉᜅ᜔ᜑᜓᜐ᜔ᜄ (Baybayin)


mapang-abuso

mapáng-abuso (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜅ᜔ᜀᜊᜓᜐᜓ)

mapáng-abuso (canonical)
ᜋᜉᜅ᜔ᜀᜊᜓᜐᜓ (Baybayin)


mapangutya

mapangutyâ (canonical)
ᜋᜉᜅᜓᜆ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)


bako-bako

bakó-bakô (canonical)
ᜊᜃᜓᜊᜃᜓ (Baybayin)
bacobaco (alternative)
baku-bako (alternative)

Bako-bako ang daan papunta sa amin.

Liku-liko ang daan patungong Novaliches. Baku-bako ang kalye patungong Novaliches.

The road to Novaliches is winding. The street to Novaliches is uneven.

Noong panahong yaon, baku-bako pa ang daan at hindi pa uso ang semento sa kalsada at karaniwang kalesa ang sinasakyan ng mga tao sa kanilang pagbibiyahe.

During that time, the road was uneven and cement is not yet common for roads and people usually take a calesa on their travels.

uneven; not level; bumpy (of the surface of roads, paths, etc.)

(figurative, colloquial) covered with pores (of one's face)


salaula

salaulà (canonical)
ᜐᜎᜂᜎ (Baybayin)
salahula (alternative)
salauola (alternative)
salawula (alternative obsolete)

untidy; scruffy; slovenly; unsanitary (of a person by habit)


aksayado

Aksayado kami sa States. Hindi kami marunong kumain ng talbos at bulaklak ng gulay. Marami kasi kayong pagkain at hindi kayo marunong magutom. Dito walang itinatapon. Ang sabi nga, kahit kapiraso, laman-tiyan din 'yon.

1982, Teresita V. Ramos, Rosalina Morales Goulet, Intermediate Tagalog: Developing Cultural Awareness through Language, University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN, page 145:

We live lavishly in the States. We don't know how to eat the tops or flowers of vegetables. You have too much food and you don't know how to be hungry. Here, we don't just throw away anything. They say, even the smallest bit of anything can be eaten.

"Aksayado ng koryente ang Saudi" sabi ni Brigoli. "Parang tinaniman na nila ng ilaw ang kalsada na kahit walang masyadong dumaraan [...]"

2018, JULIO V. BELMES, HAMOG NG SAUDI, Lam-ang Publishing, →ISBN, page 79:

"Saudi is wasteful on electricity", Brigoli said. "It seems they even lit up roads where only a few travels on."


buryong

Borrowed from Waray-Waray [Term?]. Originated from 1980s prison slang, referring to the fits of insanity by prisoners who have been incarcerated for long without contact with family and the outside world.

(originally prison slang) bored and irritated from being confined or locked up; suffering from cabin fever


mapang-insulto

mapang-insulto (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜅ᜔ᜁᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜋᜉᜅ᜔ᜁᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)


nakaiintriga

nakaíintríga (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜃᜁᜁᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜄ)

nakaíintríga (canonical)
ᜈᜃᜁᜁᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜄ (Baybayin)
nakakaintriga (alternative informal)

[n̪ɐ.xɐˌʔiː.ʔɪn̪ˈt̪ɾiː.ɣɐ]

From naka- + intriga, with initial reduplication.


talunan

defeated; beaten; never able to win (in war, games, sports, politics, etc.)

(gambling) defeated resulting in death (of a gamecock in cockfighting)


kitikiti

kitikití (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜆᜒᜃᜒᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
kiti-kiti (alternative)
quitiquiti (alternative)

Possibly related to Sanskrit कीटी (kīṭī, “worm”), but underwent reduplication.

(figurative) restless; continually moving around


usli

protruding; having a part that is sticking out


bihis

From Proto-Philippine *bələs (“to change; to alternate”) with elision of /l/ with the meaning eventually restricted to clothing. Compare Bikol Central bulos, Aklanon bueos, and Hiligaynon bulos.


baliktad

baliktád (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜆᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


maangas

tl-adj

maangas or maangás (plural maaangas, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜀᜅᜐ᜔)

maangas (canonical)
maangás (canonical)
maaangas (plural)
ᜋᜀᜅᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

[mɐˈʔaː.ŋɐs]


agrabyado

ᜀᜄ᜔ᜇᜊ᜔ᜌᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
agarabyado (alternative)
agrabiado (alternative obsolete)
agrabiyado (alternative)
aragabyado (alternative)
argabyado (alternative)


latite

tlb

(dialectal, Cavite, Laguna, Rizal, Batangas, Mindoro, Quezon, colloquial)

[lɐ.t̪ɪˈt̪ɛʔ]


paborito

tl-adj

paborito (feminine paborita, Baybayin spelling ᜉᜊᜓᜇᜒᜆᜓ)

Borrowed from Spanish favorito. Doublet of peyborit.


susan

From a play on English Susan and suso'y saan? (“where are the breasts?”).


lobat

ᜎᜓᜊᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
lowbat (alternative)
low bat (alternative)

(by extension) owning a device that just had a low battery charge

(figurative, slang) tired; drained; energyless


kemikal

kémikál or kemikál (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜋᜒᜃᜎ᜔)

kémikál (canonical)
kemikál (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜋᜒᜃᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


bargas

Possibly borrowed from Spanish vargas, plural of varga (“steep”).


kalmado

Borrowed from Spanish calmado. By surface analysis, kalma + -ado.


ganoon

ganoón (canonical)
ᜄᜈᜓᜂᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
gan-on (alternative)
ganern (alternative slang)
ganon (alternative)
gano'n (alternative)
ganun (alternative)
ganuon (alternative)
ganyon (alternative)

Either from ga- + noon or from a univerbation of gaya + noon. Compare Tagalog gayon, ganiyon, ganiyan, ganito, ganiri.


madami

madami (plural madadami, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜇᜋᜒ)


tuklap

detached; scaled or peeled off; unglued; unstuck (becoming a flap)


kunwari

kunwarì (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜏᜇᜒ (Baybayin)
conouari (alternative)
conovari (alternative)
conuari (alternative)
kunowari (alternative)
kunuwari (alternative)
kunwa (alternative)
kunowa (alternative)
kunuwa (alternative)
kunware (alternative colloquial)
kunyari (alternative)
kungyari (alternative)
kunya (alternative)
kunyare (alternative colloquial)

[kʊn̪ˈwaː.ɾɪʔ]

[kʊn̪ˈwaː.ɾɛʔ]

Commonly believed to be from univerbation of kung (“if”) + wari (“deliberation”). However, according to the Vocabulario de lengua tagala (1613), the word is from univerbation of kuno (“alleging”) + wari (“seemingly”) and therefore could be a syncopic form of earlier variant kunuwari. Compare Pangasinan kunwari and Kapampangan kanuari, kunuari.

univ

simulated; pretend; feigned; make believe; false; fictitious


kunyari

kunyarì (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜌᜇᜒ (Baybayin)
kungyari (alternative)
kunyare (alternative colloquial)

[kʊnˈɲaː.ɾɪʔ]

[kʊnˈɲaː.ɾɛʔ]

[kʊn̪ˈjaː.ɾɪʔ]

[kʊn̪ˈjaː.ɾɛʔ]

According to Zorc (1981), from kung (“if”) + yari (“to happen; to occur”), which would make it an eggcorn of kunwari. However, according to Panganiban (1973), the word is a variant of kunwari.


dambu

Clipping of dambuhala (“huge; giant”), according to Zorc (1993). Also possibly a reference to Dumbo, a 1941 Disney film, where the main character is an elephant.


tigis

emptied of liquid by having it dripped to the last drop


maabilidad

tl-adj

maabilidád (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜀᜊᜒᜎᜒᜇᜇ᜔)

maabilidád (canonical)
ᜋᜀᜊᜒᜎᜒᜇᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


talohimig

ᜆᜎᜓᜑᜒᜋᜒᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)
taluhimig (alternative)


orihinal

orihinál (canonical)
ᜂᜇᜒᜑᜒᜈᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish original, from Latin orīginālis. Doublet of orig.

original (not copied or imitated from elsewhere)


Iloko

Borrowed from Spanish iloco, from Ilocano, from i-<pos:place of origin prefix? + either lukong (“hollow; concave”) or luek /luok (“cove; bay”) + Spanish -o (masculine suffix).

belonging to or originating from the Ilocano ethnolinguistic group


bagets

From clipping of bagito + -s. Popularized by the 1984 film, Bagets, starring Herbert Bautista, Aga Muhlach, etc.

amateur; showing a lack of professionalism, experience or talent


pakialamera

pakialamera (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜃᜒᜀᜎᜋᜒᜇ)

[pɐ.xɪ.ʔɐ.lɐˈmɛː.ɾɐ]


sabay

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sa(m)bay, from Proto-Austronesian *sabay (“do something together with others”). Cognate with Old Javanese sambe (“to call, beckon, invite”).

cog

travelling together (of people to the same place)


magrasa

[mɐˈɡɾaː.sɐ]


Espanyol

Espanyól (canonical)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜌᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish español, from Old Occitan espaignol, from Vulgar Latin *Hispaniolus (“of Spain”), from Latin Hispānus, from Hispānia.


matrahedya

tl-adj

matrahedya (plural matatrahedya, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜆ᜔ᜇᜑᜒᜇ᜔ᜌ)

matatrahedya (plural)
ᜋᜆ᜔ᜇᜑᜒᜇ᜔ᜌ (Baybayin)

[mɐ.t̪ɾɐˈhɛː.d͡ʒɐ]


himas

well-trained and taken care of (of gamecocks)


varyant

ᜊᜇ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔ᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
baryant (alternative)

Borrowed from English variant, from Old French variant, from Latin variāns. Doublet of baryante.


lapastangan

lapastangan (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜉᜐ᜔ᜆᜅᜈ᜔)

ᜎᜉᜐ᜔ᜆᜅᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
lapastang̃an (alternative)

From Malay lepas (“free”) + Malay tangan (“hand”).


lapirot

crumpled; squashed; mussed (by the tips of the fingers)


tunggo

seated motionless staring blankly in front


Agustino

tl-adj

Agustino (feminine Agustina, Baybayin spelling ᜀᜄᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜈᜓ)

Agustina (feminine)
ᜀᜄᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜈᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish agustino, after San Agustín, Spanish name of Augustine of Hippo.


adikto

Borrowed from Spanish adicto, from Latin addictus. Doublet of adik.


malindol

malindól (canonical)
ᜋᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


akma

ready to do something; on the point of doing something


agpang

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *ag(ə)páŋ.

inh+

harmonious; marked by harmony of relation


ayon

From Proto-Philippine *áyun (“agree with, be in concord with”). Compare Ilocano ayon, Bikol Central ayon, and Maranao ayon.


maatik

tl-adj

maatík (plural maaatik, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜀᜆᜒᜃ᜔)

maatík (canonical)
maaatik (plural)
ᜋᜀᜆᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)

[mɐ.ʔɐˈt̪ɪk̚]


at-at

at-át (canonical)
ᜀᜆ᜔ᜀᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
atat (alternative)

[ʔɐt̪ˈʔat̪̚]


maarte

maarte (plural maaarte, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜀᜇ᜔ᜆᜒ)

[mɐˈʔaɾ.t̪ɛ]

(colloquial) dramatic; prone to exaggerated reactions (of disgust, pain, or dislike)

(colloquial) artificial in one's mannerisms


aksaya

aksayá (canonical)
ᜀᜃ᜔ᜐᜌ (Baybayin)
agsaya (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Sanskrit क्षय (kṣayá, “decay, corossion”).


alangan

[ʔɐ.lɐˈŋan̪]

From Proto-Philippine *alaŋ-án (“to hesitate; to doubt”).


alaala

alaalá (canonical)
ᜀᜎᜀᜎ (Baybayin)
ala-ala (alternative)

[ʔɐ.lɐˈʔaː.lɐ]

(slightly archaic) alternative form of alala: worry; anxiety


aalog-alog

tl-adj

áalóg-alóg (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜀᜎᜓᜄ᜔ᜀᜎᜓᜄ᜔)

áalóg-alóg (canonical)
ᜀᜀᜎᜓᜄ᜔ᜀᜎᜓᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)
aalug-alog (alternative nonstandard)

[ˌʔaː.ʔɐˌloɡ ʔɐˈloɡ̚]

From reduplication of alog (“shake; jerk; jog”), with an initial reduplication of alog.


sang-ayon

based from; in conformity with (used with sa)


bahala

Borrowed from Sanskrit भार (bhāra, “burden; load; weight”). Compare Kapampangan bala, Cebuano bála / baláha (“to carry something on the back, not tied”), Indonesian bahar, Malay bahara (“weight”), and Javanese ꦧꦫ (bara, “hundred million”). By folk etymology, commonly thought to be a derivation from Bathala (“God”).


panlipunan

tl-adj

panlipunan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜈ᜔ᜎᜒᜉᜓᜈᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜈ᜔ᜎᜒᜉᜓᜈᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


alintana

[ʔɐ.lɪn̪ˈt̪aː.n̪ɐ]

noticed in passing; considered in passing


basag-ulero

basag-ulero (feminine basag-ulera, Baybayin spelling ᜊᜐᜄ᜔ᜂᜎᜒᜇᜓ)

basag-ulera (feminine)
ᜊᜐᜄ᜔ᜂᜎᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
basagulero (alternative)

[ˌbaː.sɐɡ ʔʊˈlɛː.ɾo]

habitually troublesome; prone to altercations


bigaw

deafened or stunned by a loud noise; thunderstruck


kasali

participating; joining in (in a contest, program, group, etc.)


sekular

Borrowed from Spanish secular, from Latin saeculāris. Doublet of seglar.


panimbang

panimbáng (canonical)
ᜉᜈᜒᜋ᜔ᜊᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
pantimbang (alternative)

From pan- + timbang (“weight”), with nasal assimilation.

handy for weighing something (of a scale or balance)


dugyot

[d̪ʊɡˈjot̪̚]

Borrowed from Ilocano dugyot (“unkempt; unclean; untidy”).

bor+

(colloquial) small and dirty (usually of a person)


dalubtalain

tl-adj

dalubtalain (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜆᜎᜁᜈ᜔)

ᜇᜎᜓᜊ᜔ᜆᜎᜁᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


pugok

pugók (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜄᜓᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
pug-ok (alternative)


bulutunggo

bulutunggó (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜎᜓᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ)

bulutunggó (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜎᜓᜆᜓᜅ᜔ᜄᜓ (Baybayin)


makabuluhan

makabuluhán (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜃᜊᜓᜎᜓᜑᜈ᜔)

makabuluhán (canonical)
ᜋᜃᜊᜓᜎᜓᜑᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


burges

burgés (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜇ᜔ᜄᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
burgis (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish burgués, from Latin burgensis.


bulilit

bulilit or bulilít (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜎᜒᜎᜒᜆ᜔)

bulilit (canonical)
bulilít (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜎᜒᜎᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

Compare Kapampangan bulilit (“newborn mouse”).

dwarfish; undersized; abnormally small; pygmy


bagabag

[bɐˈɣaː.bɐɡ̚]

[bɐ.ɣɐˈbaɡ̚]


bakli

baklî (canonical)
ᜊᜃ᜔ᜎᜒ (Baybayin)
bakle (alternative)

broken off forcibly (of long and brittle objects)


buwal

From Proto-Philippine *buál (“uproot a tree”). Compare Ilocano bual, Pangasinan buwal, Hanunoo buwal, Agutaynen boal, and Bikol Central bual. Doublet of buwag.

inh

fallen flat on the ground (of something tall or long)


bungangero

[bʊ.ŋɐˈŋɛː.ɾo]


bungangera

[bʊ.ŋɐˈŋɛː.ɾɐ]


bulastog

bulastóg (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜎᜐ᜔ᜆᜓᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)


buklat

open; opened; turned (of pages of books, magazine, newspaper, etc.)


bukalkal

bukalkál (canonical)
ᜊᜓᜃᜎ᜔ᜃᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

overturned; turned inside-out; upside-down


tipak

cut; chopped off (of a piece or fragment of hard matter from a big, solid object)

having made a sudden big profit or success


bimbin

bimbín (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
binbin (alternative)


bihilante

Borrowed from Spanish vigilante, from Latin vigilāns. Doublet of vigilante.


bernakulo

bernákuló (canonical)
ᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜈᜃᜓᜎᜓ (Baybayin)


bagbag

From Proto-Philippine *bagbág, possibly from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀbaʀ.

(figurative) aroused with sympathetic feeling; moved to sympathy


balintuna

balintunà (canonical)
ᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜈ (Baybayin)


balintunay

tl-adj

balintunay (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜈᜌ᜔)

ᜊᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜈᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)


beho

Borrowed from Spanish viejo. The derogatory sense is from an ellipsis of Intsik beho, which itself is an ellipsis of Intsik beho, tulo laway.

(colloquial, offensive) old; decrepit (especially of a Chinese man)


dikit-dikit

dikít-dikít (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜃᜒᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜃᜒᜆ᜔)

dikít-dikít (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜃᜒᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜃᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

[d̪ɪˌxɪt̪ d̪ɪˈxɪt̪̚]

dikit-dikit na bagay

adhered together; sticking to each other


de-mano

From de- + mano, from Spanish de (“of”) and Spanish mano (“hand”).

demanong paggagatas

1993, Diksyunaryong panghanapbuhay, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, →ISBN, page 42:

manual (performed by a human rather than a machine)


mabagsik

mabagsík (plural mababagsik, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜃ᜔)

mabagsík (canonical)
mababagsik (plural)
ᜋᜊᜄ᜔ᜐᜒᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
bagsik (root)
mabagsik (singular)
mababagsik (plural)
mas mabagsik (singular superior)
mas mababagsik (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabagsik (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mababagsik (inferior plural)
kasimbagsik (equal)
ang pinakamabagsik (relative singular)
ang pinakamababagsik (plural relative)
napakamabagsik (absolute singular)
napakamababagsik (absolute plural)
pagkabagsik (absolute singular)
pagkabagsik-bagsik (absolute plural)


de-kwatro

(nonstandard) alternative form of de-kuwatro


denggoy

[ˈd̪ɛŋ.ɡoɪ̯]

(slang) fooled; ripped off; scammed; deceived; taken advantage of


leksikograpiko

leksikográpikó (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜃᜓᜄ᜔ᜇᜉᜒᜃᜓ)

leksikográpikó (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜃᜓᜄ᜔ᜇᜉᜒᜃᜓ (Baybayin)


pangkaraniwan

pangkaraniwan (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜅ᜔ᜃᜇᜈᜒᜏᜈ᜔)

ᜉᜅ᜔ᜃᜇᜈᜒᜏᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


diplomatiko

diplomátikó (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜉ᜔ᜎᜓᜋᜆᜒᜃᜓ)

diplomátikó (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜉ᜔ᜎᜓᜋᜆᜒᜃᜓ (Baybayin)

skillful in dealing with people; tactful


pekulyar

pekulyár (canonical)
ᜉᜒᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜌᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


sinukmani

sinukmanì (canonical)
ᜐᜒᜈᜓᜃ᜔ᜋᜈᜒ (Baybayin)


desyerto

ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜒᜇ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)
disyerto (alternative)

[d̪ɛˈʃɛɾ.t̪o]

with all the entries disqualified (in contests)


diskompiyado

diskompiyado (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜌᜇᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜌᜇᜓ (Baybayin)


disiplinado

disiplinado (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐᜒᜉ᜔ᜎᜒᜈᜇᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜐᜒᜉ᜔ᜎᜒᜈᜇᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish disciplinado (“disciplined”).


duguan

duguán (canonical)
ᜇᜓᜄᜓᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
dug-an (alternative obsolete)
dugan (alternative obsolete)

[d̪ʊ.ɣʊˈʔan̪]


desente

ᜇᜒᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
disente (alternative)

[d̪ɛˈsɛn̪.t̪ɛ]


hulagpos

hulagpós (canonical)
ᜑᜓᜎᜄ᜔ᜉᜓᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)

freed; escaped (from being tied, held, etc.)

loosened; disentangled (of a knot or binding)


andap

andáp (canonical)
ᜀᜈ᜔ᜇᜉ᜔ (Baybayin)
indap (alternative)
undap (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *andap (“phosphorescent centipede”).

inh

[ʔɐn̪ˈd̪ap̚]


diyaryo

ᜇᜒᜌᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)
diario (alternative)
dyaryo (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish diario, from Latin diārium. Compare English diary.


dakila

From Proto-Philippine *dakəlaq (“big; great”). Compare Pangasinan dakila, Bikol Central dakula, Tagbanwa dakula', Mansaka dakora, Maranao dakola', Western Bukidnon Manobo dekela' and Tausug dakula'. According to Potet (2016), also possibly a metathesis of Old Malay *dalika, from Sanskrit माण्डलिक (māṇḍalika, “chieftain, governor”). See Malay mandalika.


dagsa

dagsâ (canonical)
ᜇᜄ᜔ᜐ (Baybayin)
ragsa (alternative)

in great abundance (of goods in a market)


bardagol

bardagól (canonical)
ᜊᜇ᜔ᜇᜄᜓᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

big-bodied; fat, awkward, and slow-moving


doktorado

Borrowed from Spanish doctorado. The adjective sense was influenced by English doctored (“falsified”).

(colloquial) falsified; altered fraudulently


kolado

(colloquial) gatecrashing; uninvited (of a guest)


simpatiko

tl-adj

simpátikó (feminine simpatika, Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜋ᜔ᜉᜆᜒᜃᜓ)

simpátikó (canonical)
simpatika (feminine)
ᜐᜒᜋ᜔ᜉᜆᜒᜃᜓ (Baybayin)


dyologs

ᜇ᜔ᜌᜓᜎᜓᜄ᜔ᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
jologs (alternative common)
jolog (alternative)
jologz (alternative)

Possibly from a blend of dilis (“anchovy”) + tuyo (“dried fish”) + itlog (“egg”) + -s, food which poor people eat.

af

Ngayon ka lang bumili ng damit, dyologs na damit pa.

You only bought clothes now, and you bought unfashionable clothes.

Nang nauso ang mga selpon, naging dyologs ang mga pager at beeper hanggang nawala na ang mga ito sa araw-araw na kagamitan.

When cellphones became popular, beepers and pagers became unfashionable until these disappeared from everyday things.


potensiyal

tl-adj

potensiyál (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜎ᜔)

potensiyál (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
potensyal (alternative)


potensyal

potensyál (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜎ᜔)

potensyál (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2007 spelling of potensiyal.


propesyonal

propesyonál (Baybayin spelling ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜎ᜔)

propesyonál (canonical)
ᜉ᜔ᜇᜓᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


ulianin

ᜂᜎᜒᜀᜈᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
olianin (alternative)
uliyanin (alternative)
ulyanin (alternative)
ulilyanin (alternative)

[ʔʊ.lɪˈʔaː.n̪ɪn̪]


Aprikano

Borrowed from Spanish africano (“African”).


apostoliko

tl-adj

apostólikó (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜉᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜓᜎᜒᜃᜓ)

apostólikó (canonical)
ᜀᜉᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜓᜎᜒᜃᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish apostólico, from Latin apostolicus, from Ancient Greek ἀποστολικός (apostolikós).


eksklusibo

eksklusibo (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜃ᜔ᜎᜓᜐᜒᜊᜓ)

ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜃ᜔ᜎᜓᜐᜒᜊᜓ (Baybayin)
esklusibo (alternative)


eskandaloso

eskandaloso (feminine eskandalosa, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜃᜈ᜔ᜇᜎᜓᜐᜓ)

eskandalosa (feminine)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜃᜈ᜔ᜇᜎᜓᜐᜓ (Baybayin)
iskandaloso (alternative)
skandaloso (alternative nonstandard)

Borrowed from Spanish escandaloso (“scandalous”). By surface analysis, eskandalo + -oso.


eskandalosa

tl-adj

eskandalosa (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜃᜈ᜔ᜇᜎᜓᜐ)

ᜁᜐ᜔ᜃᜈ᜔ᜇᜎᜓᜐ (Baybayin)
iskandalosa (alternative)


magnetiko

magnétikó (canonical)
ᜋᜄ᜔ᜈᜒᜆᜒᜃᜓ (Baybayin)

[mɐɡˌn̪ɛː.t̪ɪˈxo]

magnetic (of, relating to, caused by, or operating by magnetism)


konsentidor

konsentidór (feminine konsentidora, Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜓᜇ᜔)

konsentidór (canonical)
konsentidora (feminine)
ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜇᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
kunsintidor (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish consentidor, or analytically konsenti + -dor.

with the tendency to allows wrong, unjustified, or immoral acts (of someone in authority)

with the tendency to pamper or spoil one's children


gasgas

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gasgas (“rub, abrade”).

inh

scraped; scratched; made thin; worn out (due to friction or constant use)


Kristiyano

tl-adj

Kristiyano (Baybayin spelling ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜌᜈᜓ)

ᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜌᜈᜓ (Baybayin)
Cqiriſtiano (alternative)
Quiristiano (alternative)
Kiristiyano (alternative obsolete)
Kristyano (alternative nonstandard)


kumbensiyonal

kumbensiyonál (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈᜎ᜔)

kumbensiyonál (canonical)
ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
kumbensyonal (alternative nonstandard)


konserbatibo

konserbatibo (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜇ᜔ᜊᜆᜒᜊᜓ)

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜇ᜔ᜊᜆᜒᜊᜓ (Baybayin)

Bagaman naging mainit ang kampanya sa halalan, ang paligsahang elektoral sa kalahatan ay humangga lamang sa mayayaman at konserbatibong pamilya sa lalawigan

1997, Renato Constantino, Ang bagong lumipas:

Although the electoral campaigns were heated, the electoral competition in general only appealed to the rich and conservative families in the province.

(politics) conservative (supporting fiscal, political or social conservatism)


kuntento

ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)

Superseded, pre-2014 spelling of kontento.


gipit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gipit (“narrow, tight, confined”). Compare Maranao gimpit.

inh

ang taong nagigipit, sa patalim kumakapit

in difficult circumstances; in a tight situation

unable to move freely due to lack of space


kiling

kilíng (canonical)
ᜃᜒᜎᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
quiling (alternative)

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kiliŋ. Compare Tausug kīng.

(figurative) partial; biased; prejudiced


ginintuan

tl-adj

ginintuán (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜒᜈᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜀᜈ᜔)

ginintuán (canonical)
ᜄᜒᜈᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ɡɪ.n̪ɪn̪.t̪ʊˈʔan̪]


gayak

From Proto-Philippine *gayák (“to plan; to prepare something”).


gunaw

[ˈɡuː.n̪aʊ̯]


Gotiko

Gótikó (canonical)
ᜄᜓᜆᜒᜃᜓ (Baybayin)
gotiko (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish gótico, from Late Latin gothicus (“gothic”).


ginataan

ginataán (canonical)
ᜄᜒᜈᜆᜀᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
ginatan (alternative)

[ɡɪ.n̪ɐ.t̪ɐˈʔan̪]


gapok

rotten due to termites, weevils, etc. (of wood)

fragile; easily torn (of cloth, bamboo, wood, etc.)


barumbada

(colloquial, derogatory) feminine of barumbado


kungyari

[kʊŋˈjaː.ɾɪʔ]

[kʊŋˈjaː.ɾɛʔ]


pahamak

causing failure, injury, destruction, etc. (of a person or thing)


usisera

[ʔʊ.sɪˈsɛː.ɾɐ]


daldalero

tl-adj

daldalero (feminine daldalera, Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎ᜔ᜇᜎᜒᜇᜓ)

daldalera (feminine)
ᜇᜎ᜔ᜇᜎᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)


daldalera

[d̪ɐl.d̪ɐˈlɛː.ɾɐ]


iritable

[ʔɪ.ɾɪˈt̪aː.blɛ]

Borrowed from Spanish irritable, from Latin irrītābilis.


intensibo

intensibo (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜊᜓ)

ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜊᜓ (Baybayin)

intensive; highly concentrated; thorough

intensive; demanding (requiring a great deal of work, skill, etc.)


imparsiyal

imparsiyál (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜇ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜎ᜔)

imparsiyál (canonical)
ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜇ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
imparsyal (alternative)


kasingkahulugan

kasingkahulugán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜐᜒᜅ᜔ᜃᜑᜓᜎᜓᜄᜈ᜔)

kasingkahulugán (canonical)
ᜃᜐᜒᜅ᜔ᜃᜑᜓᜎᜓᜄᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
kasing-kahulugan (alternative)

(semantics) alternative form of singkahulugan


luping

turned down and folded (of corners of a page)


lagpas

From earlier langpas with the /ŋ/ turning to /ɡ/. Compare tingnan /tignan. Doublet of lampas.

survived; passed through (a critical period or situation)


ipokrita

ipókritá (canonical)
ᜁᜉᜓᜃ᜔ᜇᜒᜆ (Baybayin)
ipokrito (alternative)
hipokrito (alternative)


imperyalista

imperyalista (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ)

ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜌᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)


atrebido

atrebido (feminine atrebida, Baybayin spelling ᜀᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜊᜒᜇᜓ)

atrebida (feminine)
ᜀᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜊᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
atribido (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish atrevido (“daring; bold”).

bor+

insolently defiant; insolent; impertinent


impinitibo

tl-adj

impinitibo (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜈᜒᜆᜒᜊᜓ)

ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜈᜒᜆᜒᜊᜓ (Baybayin)


imbalido

imbálidó (canonical)
ᜁᜋ᜔ᜊᜎᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)


ilehitimo

ilehítimó (canonical)
ᜁᜎᜒᜑᜒᜆᜒᜋᜓ (Baybayin)


atrebida

[ʔɐ.t̪ɾɛˈbiː.d̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish atrevida, feminine form of atrevido.


hidwa

From hi- + Kapampangan addua. Compare dalawa.


anakroniko

anakrónikó (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜈᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜈᜒᜃᜓ)

anakrónikó (canonical)
ᜀᜈᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜈᜒᜃᜓ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐ.n̪ɐˌkɾoː.n̪ɪˈxo]


ampibyan

ᜀᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜊ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


bakunado

Borrowed from Spanish vacunado, or alternatively bakuna + -ado.


Indiyan

Índiyán (canonical)
ᜁᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
Indyan (alternative)
Indian (alternative)

[ˈʔin̪.d͡ʒɐn̪]

Sa kabilang dako, ang impluwensiyang Indiyan sa buhay-Pilipino ay makikita sa mga salitang Pilipino, Bisaya, at iba pang wika't wikain sa Pilipinas na nagbuhat sa Sánskrito, ang matandang wika ng Indiya.

1980, Teodoro A. Agoncillo, Ang Pilipinas at Ang Mga Pilipino: Noon at Ngayon, page 25:


indiyan

índiyán (canonical)
ᜁᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
indyan (alternative)
indian (alternative)

[ˈʔin̪.d͡ʒɐn̪]

See Indiyan. Possibly related to an unfair stereotype for Native Americans for not keeping their word due to cultural misunderstanding. See also English American Indian and English Indian giving.

shirked; stood someone up; avoided a prearranged meeting (without prior notification)


akademika

akadémiká (canonical)
ᜀᜃᜇᜒᜋᜒᜃ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐ.xɐˌd̪ɛː.mɪˈxa]


Hawayano

Hawayano (feminine Hawayana, Baybayin spelling ᜑᜏᜌᜈᜓ)

Borrowed from Spanish hawaiano. By surface analysis, Haway + -ano.


Hawayana

Borrowed from Spanish hawaiana. By surface analysis, Haway + -ana.


biyolento

biyolento (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜌᜓᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜊᜒᜌᜓᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)
bayolente (alternative)


mahina ang loob

mahinà ang loób (plural mahihina ang loob, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜑᜒᜈ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔)

mahinà ang loób (canonical)
mahihina ang loob (plural)
ᜋᜑᜒᜈ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ (Baybayin)

[mɐˌhiː.n̪ɐʔ ʔɐn̪ loˈʔob̚]

Literally, “weak insides”, or more loosely translated as “weak will”, from hina ng loob.

lit

'Di ko trip ang mga roller coaster. Mahina ang loob ko sa mga ganyan!

Roller coasters are not my thing. I'm scared of things like that!


panghimpapawid

tl-adj

panghimpapawíd (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜅ᜔ᜑᜒᜋ᜔ᜉᜉᜏᜒᜇ᜔)

panghimpapawíd (canonical)
ᜉᜅ᜔ᜑᜒᜋ᜔ᜉᜉᜏᜒᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

used for atmospheric space (such as airplanes, etc.)


ᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜓ

ᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜓ • (bunso)


hango

hangò (canonical)
ᜑᜅᜓ (Baybayin)
hang̃o (alternative)

adapted (from); based (on); derived (from)


hango

hangô (canonical)
ᜑᜅᜓ (Baybayin)
hang̃o (alternative)

(sociology) delivered from poverty, suffering, or difficulties

(cooking) removed from the fire or stove (of cooked food)


halungkat

halungkát (canonical)
ᜑᜎᜓᜅ᜔ᜃᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
halongcat (alternative)


halukay

turned over (referring to things in a container)


handalapak

handalapák (canonical)
ᜑᜈ᜔ᜇᜎᜉᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)


hampaslupa

hampáslupà (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜋ᜔ᜉᜐ᜔ᜎᜓᜉ)

hampáslupà (canonical)
ᜑᜋ᜔ᜉᜐ᜔ᜎᜓᜉ (Baybayin)
hampas-lupa (alternative)

From hampas (“strike”) + lupa (“earth”), literally “soil tiller”.


halukipkip

tl-adj

halukipkíp (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜎᜓᜃᜒᜉ᜔ᜃᜒᜉ᜔)

halukipkíp (canonical)
ᜑᜎᜓᜃᜒᜉ᜔ᜃᜒᜉ᜔ (Baybayin)


hagip

within reach of being hit by a moving body

(dialectal) covered by (of policies, etc.)


himay

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *həmay (“cooked rice”), from Proto-Austronesian *Səmay (“cooked rice”). Compare Cebuano humay and Malay imai.

inh

removed of all inedible parts (of chicken, fish, crab, shrimp, corn, beans, etc.)

stringed and cut into small pieces (of beans prepared for cooking)


hirang

Compare Malay hidang (“serve/present (of food); serving food”).


impormal

impormál (canonical)
ᜁᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜇ᜔ᜋᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)


alinsunod

tl-adj

alinsunod or alinsunód (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜈᜓᜇ᜔)

alinsunod (canonical)
alinsunód (canonical)
ᜀᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜈᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
alinsonor (alternative)

in accordance (with); in conformity (with)


abuhin

abuhín or ábúhin (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊᜓᜑᜒᜈ᜔)

abuhín (canonical)
ábúhin (canonical)
ᜀᜊᜓᜑᜒᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
abohin (alternative)

[ʔɐ.bʊˈhɪn̪]

[ʔɐ.bʊˈhɪn̪]


arestado

arrested; captured (by police or authorities)


artipisyal

artipisyál (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇ᜔ᜆᜒᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜎ᜔)

artipisyál (canonical)
ᜀᜇ᜔ᜆᜒᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɐɾ.t̪ɪ.pɪˈʃal]

Borrowed from Spanish artificial, from Latin artificiālis.


awtomatiko

awtomátikó (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜏ᜔ᜆᜓᜋᜆᜒᜃᜓ)

awtomátikó (canonical)
ᜀᜏ᜔ᜆᜓᜋᜆᜒᜃᜓ (Baybayin)
otomatiko (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish automático, from Ancient Greek αὐτόματος (autómatos).


aywan

aywán (canonical)
ᜀᜌ᜔ᜏᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
aeuan (alternative)
æuan (alternative)
ayauan (alternative)
ayavan (alternative)
ayeuan (alternative)
ayevan (alternative)
auan (alternative)
ayuan (alternative)
euan (alternative)
ayawan (alternative obsolete)
ayewan (alternative obsolete)
aewan (alternative obsolete)
ay-awan (alternative)
awan (alternative)
ewan (alternative colloquial)

From a syncopic form of ayawan, from Proto-Central-Philippine *áyaw (“to leave (behind)”) + -an, with semantic shift originally meaning “it leaves (me)” according to Zorc (1983). Blust & Trussel also posit Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *away, with metathesis (cf. Pangasinan awey). See also ayaw. Doublet of iwan.

ignorant; not known (only used with indirect pronouns or with kay or ng)


buraot

[bʊˈɾaː.ʔot̪̚]


malambot ang buto

malambót ang butó (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜆ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜆᜓ)

malambót ang butó (canonical)
ᜋᜎᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜆ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜆᜓ (Baybayin)

Literally, “bones are soft”, from lambot ng buto.

Malalambot ang buto ng mga himnasta.


malakas ang loob

malakás ang loób (plural malalakas ang loob, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜃᜐ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔)

malakás ang loób (canonical)
malalakas ang loob (plural)
ᜋᜎᜃᜐ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ (Baybayin)

Literally, “strong insides”, or more loosely translated as “strong will”, from lakas ng loob.

lit

Malakas ang loob ni Joey na makipagsapalaran sa paghahanap ng trabaho upang iahon ang kanyang pamilya sa hirap.

Joey is brave to fight the odds in the search for a job to lift his family from poverty.

(idiomatic) courageous; brave; shameless


hawsyaw

ᜑᜏ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜌᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)
hao siao (alternative)
hao-siao (alternative)
hao-shiao (alternative)
hawshaw (alternative)
hawsiyaw (alternative)

[ˈhaʊ̯.ʃaʊ̯]

Borrowed from Hokkien 嘐潲 (hau-siâu, “fake”).


Batangenyo

[bɐ.t̪ɐŋˈɡɛː.ɲo]

rare spelling of Batangueño (“related to or originating from Batangas”)


habambuhay

tl-adj

hábambúhay (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜊᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔)

hábambúhay (canonical)
ᜑᜊᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)

From haba + -m- + buhay; the -m-, originally from -ng changing to reflect nasal assimilation before labial consonants.


habang-buhay

habang-buhay (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜊᜅ᜔ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔)

ᜑᜊᜅ᜔ᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔ (Baybayin)
habambuhay (alternative)

From haba (“length”) + -ng- + buhay (“life”).


lawit

lawít (canonical)
ᜎᜏᜒᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
lauit (alternative)

hanging down; suspended from above; sticking out loosely


elastiko

elástikó (canonical)
ᜁᜎᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜃᜓ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish elástico. Doublet of lastiko.


mabulo

mabulo (plural mabubulo, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜊᜓᜎᜓ)

mabubulo (plural)
ᜋᜊᜓᜎᜓ (Baybayin)
bulo (root)
mabulo (singular)
mabubulo (plural)
mas mabulo (singular superior)
mas mabubulo (plural superior)
hindi gaanong mabulo (inferior singular)
hindi gaanong mabubulo (inferior plural)
kasimbulo (equal)
ang pinakamabulo (relative singular)
ang pinakamabubulo (plural relative)
napakamabulo (absolute singular)
napakamabubulo (absolute plural)
pagkabulo (absolute singular)
pagkabulo-bulo (absolute plural)

downy; wooly; hairy (of leaves, fruits, stem of plants, etc.)


ningas-kugon

ningas-kugon or ningas-kugón (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜒᜅᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜄᜓᜈ᜔)

ningas-kugon (canonical)
ningas-kugón (canonical)
ᜈᜒᜅᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜄᜓᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
dingas-kugon (alternative)
lingas-kugon (alternative)
ningas kugon (alternative)

[ˌn̪iː.ŋɐs kʊˈɣon̪]

From ningas (“ignition”) + kugon (“cogon grass”), literally “burns like cogon”. Dried cogon grass is highly flammable & ignites easily, but likewise, burns out quickly or does not last long.

compound

(idiomatic) fleetingly enthusiastic; hardworking, nice, or great at first, but eventually, no longer continues what was started


hibang

Borrowed from Hokkien 希望 (hi-bāng, “hope”) according to Manuel (1948).


taos-puso

taós-pusò (canonical)
ᜆᜂᜐ᜔ᜉᜓᜐᜓ (Baybayin)

From taos + puso, literally “heart-penetrating”.


hilagang silangan

tl-adj

hilagang silangan (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒᜎᜄᜅ᜔ ᜐᜒᜎᜅᜈ᜔)

ᜑᜒᜎᜄᜅ᜔ ᜐᜒᜎᜅᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

alternative spelling of hilagang-silangan


hilagang kanluran

hilagang kanluran (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒᜎᜄᜅ᜔ ᜃᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜇᜈ᜔)

ᜑᜒᜎᜄᜅ᜔ ᜃᜈ᜔ᜎᜓᜇᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)

alternative spelling of hilagang-kanluran


panlikod

panlikód (canonical)
ᜉᜈ᜔ᜎᜒᜃᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


panlikuran

pánlikurán (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜈ᜔ᜎᜒᜃᜓᜇᜈ᜔)

pánlikurán (canonical)
ᜉᜈ᜔ᜎᜒᜃᜓᜇᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)


bara-bara

bará-bará or bara-bara (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜇᜊᜇ)

bará-bará (canonical)
bara-bara (canonical)
ᜊᜇᜊᜇ (Baybayin)
barabara (alternative)

[bɐˌɾa bɐˈɾa]

[ˌbaː.ɾɐ ˈbaː.ɾɐ]

Reduplication of bara. Compare Bikol Central bara-bara (“to flail the hands everywhere”), Ilocano barabara (“flailing motion; freestyle swimming”), Japanese ばらばら.


Sapon

Borrowed from Early Modern Spanish Japón (“Japan”). Doublet of Hapon, a later borrowing.


politikal

tl-adj

politikál or polítikál (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜎᜒᜆᜒᜃᜎ᜔)

politikál (canonical)
polítikál (canonical)
ᜉᜓᜎᜒᜆᜒᜃᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
pulitikal (alternative)

Pseudo-Hispanism, from English political, and influenced by ultimate stress in Spanish. Equivalent Spanish word is político.


kaloob

given as a gift (usually from someone superior)


walang bayad

waláng bayad (Baybayin spelling ᜏᜎᜅ᜔ ᜊᜌᜇ᜔)

waláng bayad (canonical)
ᜏᜎᜅ᜔ ᜊᜌᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)


lulon

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lulun, from Proto-Austronesian *luluN.

rolled (of paper, carpet, matting, etc.)


ligwak

ligwák (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜄ᜔ᜏᜃ᜔ (Baybayin)
liguac (alternative)

(figurative, slang) defeated; eliminated; failed


luad

[ˈluː.ʔɐd̪̚]


lutong makaw

lutong makáw (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜆᜓᜅ᜔ ᜋᜃᜏ᜔)

lutong makáw (canonical)
ᜎᜓᜆᜓᜅ᜔ ᜋᜃᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)
lutong-makaw (alternative)
lutong Makaw (alternative)
lutong macao (alternative)

From luto + -ng- + Makaw, literally “Macanese cuisine”. The slang sense may be related to Malaysian English Macau scam.


dilig

watered; sprinkled with water (of plants)


daniw

ᜇᜈᜒᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)
danio (alternative)
daniu (alternative)
danyo (alternative)

[ˈd̪aː.n̪ɪʊ̯]


daniw

daníw (canonical)
ᜇᜈᜒᜏ᜔ (Baybayin)
danio (alternative)
daniu (alternative)
danyo (alternative)

[ˈd̪aː.n̪ɪʊ̯]


daplis

daplís (canonical)
ᜇᜉ᜔ᜎᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
raplis (alternative)

nearly missed; hitting tangentially; merely touched on passing (of bullets, clothes, etc.)


depensibo

tl-adj

depensibo (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜊᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜊᜓ (Baybayin)


diskuwalipikado

diskuwalipikado (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜏᜎᜒᜉᜒᜃᜇᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜏᜎᜒᜉᜒᜃᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
diskwalipika (alternative)

Pseudo-Hispanism, from diskuwalipika + -ado.


distinggido

distinggido (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜇᜓ)

ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜅ᜔ᜄᜒᜇᜓ (Baybayin)


diyabetiko

diyabétikó (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜌᜊᜒᜆᜒᜃᜓ)

diyabétikó (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜌᜊᜒᜆᜒᜃᜓ (Baybayin)
diabetiko (alternative)

[d͡ʒɐˌbɛː.t̪ɪˈxo]


diyeta

ᜇᜒᜌᜒᜆ (Baybayin)
dieta (alternative dated)
dyeta (alternative)
jeta (alternative colloquial)

[ˈd͡ʒɛː.t̪ɐ]

[ˈd̪jɛː.t̪ɐ]

Borrowed from Spanish dieta, from Latin diaeta, from Ancient Greek δίαιτα (díaita, “way of life”).


dokumentado

tl-adj

dokumentado (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜃᜓᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜇᜓ)

ᜇᜓᜃᜓᜋᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜇᜓ (Baybayin)
dukumentado (alternative)


dramatiko

dramátikó (canonical)
ᜇ᜔ᜇᜋᜆᜒᜃᜓ (Baybayin)


lupagi

[lʊˈpaː.ɣɪʔ]

seated with the buttocks flat on the ground


lugmok

helplessly prostrate (usually by some tragic emotion)


lukob

covered; sheltered (especially by wings)


lukba

lukbâ (canonical)
ᜎᜓᜃ᜔ᜊ (Baybayin)
lucba (alternative)
lucma (alternative)
locma (alternative archaic)
locba (alternative archaic)

Likely borrowed from Hokkien [Term?], possibly Hokkien 鹿肉脯 (lo̍k-bah-pó͘, “dried deer meat; dried venison”), 鹿肉 (lo̍k-bah, “deer meat; venison”), or 滷肉 /卤肉 (ló͘-bah, “braised meat”).


litaw

From Proto-Philippine *lətaw (“float”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lə(n)taw (“to float”). Compare Ilocano lettaw, Pangasinan letaw, Sambali lomtaw, Kapampangan alto, Brooke's Point Palawano letew, Bikol Central lataw, Asi yutaw, Aklanon eutaw, Cebuano lutaw, and Maranao letaw.


limot

From Proto-Central Philippine *límut (“forget”).


limot

found accidentally by someone on the street

picked up from the ground (of fruits, as opposed to plucked from the branch)


limatik

badly twisted (of strands of twine, rope, etc.)


ligalig

[lɪˈɣaː.lɪɡ̚]

[lɪ.ɣɐˈlɪɡ̚]


likop

likóp (canonical)
ᜎᜒᜃᜓᜉ᜔ (Baybayin)
licop (alternative)

gathered and kept together in a safe place


liblib

hidden; secluded; unfrequented (of a place)

having load heavier in the front than in the rear (of a two-wheeled animal-drawn vehicle)


langlang

Borrowed from Hokkien 咱人 (lán-lâng, “we; us; Chinese”, literally “our people”). Compare Tausug Lannang (“Chinese; China”).

bor+

Chinese; of Chinese cuisine (especially pancit)


lantad

lantád (canonical)
ᜎᜈ᜔ᜆᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)
lantar (alternative)


lagot

snapped off; cut off; disconnected (of rope, cable, string, etc.)

(colloquial) in trouble (liable to get punished for wrong behavior)


laglag

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *rəgrə́g. Compare Ilocano regreg (“fall”), Bikol Central ragrag (“crumbs”), and Cebuano dagdag (“fall”). Possibly related to Hokkien 落 (lak, “to fall; to drop”).

inh+

(euphemistic) aborted; deliberately miscarried


lagalag

[lɐ.ɣɐˈlaɡ̚]

[lɐˈɣaː.lɐɡ̚]


eksperto

tl-adj

eksperto (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)


gulot

gulót (canonical)
ᜄᜓᜎᜓᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
golot (alternative)


Dominikano

Dominikano (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜋᜒᜈᜒᜃᜈᜓ)

(Catholicism) Dominican (relating to the Dominican order)


igkas

released; let loose (of an elastic spring)


ibayo

From earlier ibayiw, from i- (“location marker”) + *bayiw, from elision of /l/ from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baliw (“return”), from Proto-Austronesian *baliw (“return”). Compare Bikol Central balyo, Aklanon baylo, and Hiligaynon baylo. Doublet of baliw.

Ipinahayag din na ang pagkasira ng saribuhay ang nagdudulot ng ibayo pang kaligaligan sa lipunan tulad ng nangyayari sa mga Katutubo.

1996, College of Social Sciences and Philosophy, University of the Philippines, Philippine Social Sciences Review: Rebyu Ng Agham-panlipunan Ng Pilipinas, page 1:

It is also reported that the ruin of biodiversity causes further social unrest like in the case of the Indigenous peoples.

double; twice as much, as many, or as large

fold (as in twofold, threefold, fourfold, etc.)


ikaapat

ᜁᜃᜀᜉᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)
ika-apat (alternative nonstandard)
ikapat (alternative rare)
icapat (alternative)
icaapat (alternative)

[ʔɪ.xɐˈʔaː.pɐt̪̚]

From ika- + apat (“four”). Compare Cebuano ikaupat.


ikaanim

ᜁᜃᜀᜈᜒᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)
icanim (alternative)
icaanim (alternative)
ika-anim (alternative)
ikanim (alternative rare)

[ʔɪ.xɐˈʔaː.n̪ɪm]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ika-ənəm. By surface analysis, ika- + anim (“six”). Compare Cebuano ikaunom.


ikasampu

From ika- + sampu (“ten”). Compare Cebuano ikanapulo.


pandaigdig

tl-adj

pandaigdíg (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜈ᜔ᜇᜁᜄ᜔ᜇᜒᜄ᜔)

pandaigdíg (canonical)
ᜉᜈ᜔ᜇᜁᜄ᜔ᜇᜒᜄ᜔ (Baybayin)

[pɐn̪.d̪ɐ.ʔɪɡˈd̪ɪɡ̚]


ikalabindalawa

ikalabíndalawá (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜎᜏ)

ikalabíndalawá (canonical)
ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜎᜏ (Baybayin)


ikalabintatlo

ikalabíntatló (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜆ᜔ᜎᜓ)

ikalabíntatló (canonical)
ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜆ᜔ᜎᜓ (Baybayin)


ikalabing-apat

ikalabíng-apat (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜅ᜔ᜀᜉᜆ᜔)

ikalabíng-apat (canonical)
ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜅ᜔ᜀᜉᜆ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɪ.xɐ.lɐˌbiŋˈʔaː.pɐt̪̚]


ikalabinlima

ikalabínlimá (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜎᜒᜋ)

ikalabínlimá (canonical)
ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜎᜒᜋ (Baybayin)


ikalabing-anim

ikalabíng-aním (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜅ᜔ᜀᜈᜒᜋ᜔)

ikalabíng-aním (canonical)
ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜅ᜔ᜀᜈᜒᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɪ.xɐ.lɐˌbiŋ.ʔɐˈn̪ɪm]


ikalabimpito

ikalabímpitó (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜆᜓ)

ikalabímpitó (canonical)
ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜆᜓ (Baybayin)


ikalabingwalo

ikalabíngwaló (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜅ᜔ᜏᜎᜓ)

ikalabíngwaló (canonical)
ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜅ᜔ᜏᜎᜓ (Baybayin)


ikaisa

From ika- + isa (“one”). Compare Cebuano ikausa.


ikalabinsiyam

ikalabinsiyám (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜋ᜔)

ikalabinsiyám (canonical)
ᜁᜃᜎᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜋ᜔ (Baybayin)


ikadalawampu

ikadalawampû (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜇᜎᜏᜋ᜔ᜉᜓ)

ikadalawampû (canonical)
ᜁᜃᜇᜎᜏᜋ᜔ᜉᜓ (Baybayin)
ikalawampu (alternative uncommon)


panguman

pangumán (canonical)
ᜉᜅᜓᜋᜈ᜔ (Baybayin)
pangaman (alternative)

related to someone through a previous marriage (usually used in certain expressions)


akayin

[ʔɐ.xɐˈjɪn̪]

needing guidance or training (of a person)


alipusta

alipustâ (canonical)
ᜀᜎᜒᜉᜓᜐ᜔ᜆ (Baybayin)
aliposta (alternative)

Possibly from Sanskrit परिपुष्ट (paripuṣṭa, “nourished”), from परिपुष् (paripuṣ, “nourish”), with semantic shift over time. Also, possibly from Sanskrit परिप्लुष्ट (paripluṣṭa, “burned”). See also Old Javanese paripoṣita (“do something with great care and assiduity”) and Sanskrit परीक्षित (parīkṣita, “examined; carefully inspected”).

ncog

despised and maltreated (due to being lowly)


iregular

iregulár (canonical)
ᜁᜇᜒᜄᜓᜎᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

[ʔɪ.ɾɛ.ɣʊˈlaɾ]

irregular (contrary to rule, method, etc.)


strikto

ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜃ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)

Possibly either an apheresis of estrikto, from Spanish estricto, or a pseudo-Hispanism derived from English strict, and influenced by Spanish estricto.


kaaya-aya

tl-adj

kaaya-aya or kaayà-ayà (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜀᜌᜀᜌ)

kaaya-aya (canonical)
kaayà-ayà (canonical)
ᜃᜀᜌᜀᜌ (Baybayin)

[kɐˌʔaː.jɐ ˈʔaː.jɐ]

[kɐˌʔaː.jɐʔ ˈʔaː.jɐʔ]

[kɐˌʔaː.jaː ˈʔaː.jɐʔ]

From ka- + aya, with reduplication of aya.

delightful; pleasant; agreeable; pleasurable


di-kaaya-aya

dî-kaaya-aya or dî-kaayà-ayà (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜃᜀᜌᜀᜌ)

dî-kaaya-aya (canonical)
dî-kaayà-ayà (canonical)
ᜇᜒᜃᜀᜌᜀᜌ (Baybayin)
di kaaya-aya (alternative)

[ˌd̪ɪʔ kɐˌʔaː.jɐ ˈʔaː.jɐ]

[ˌd̪iː xɐˌʔaː.jɐ ˈʔaː.jɐ]

[ˌd̪ɪʔ kɐˌʔaː.jɐʔ ˈʔaː.jɐʔ]

[ˌd̪iː xɐˌʔaː.jaː ˈʔaː.jɐʔ]


iyakin

[ˌʔiːˈaː.xɪn̪]


islang

isláng (canonical)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜎᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
slang (alternative)

Ayos ka mag-Ingles a, parang Kano, islang na islang!

You speak English really well, like an American, with a very native English accent!

(colloquial) with a distinctively native English accent (especially an American accent like pronouncing /æ/ instead of /a/ or /e/ sounds)


isputing

ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜓᜆᜒᜅ᜔ (Baybayin)
sputing (alternative)

[ʔɪsˈpuː.t̪ɪŋ]

Either from English sporting or from English is putting [into fashion]. Attested since the 1970's.

"Oo nga, pare. Mabuti ka pa't mukhang asensado na. Isputing na isputing. Sigarilyo naman diyan," pangalawa ng may ngalang Esting.

1985, Ramon V. Lim, Mga limbas sa lupa ni Muhammad (Saudi Arabia):

(colloquial) dressing well; smartly dressed (of a person)


ingklusibo

ingklusibo (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜅ᜔ᜃ᜔ᜎᜓᜐᜒᜊᜓ)

ᜁᜅ᜔ᜃ᜔ᜎᜓᜐᜒᜊᜓ (Baybayin)
inklusibo (alternative)


indesente

indesente (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ)

ᜁᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
indisente (alternative)

[ʔɪn̪.d̪ɛˈsɛn̪.t̪ɛ]


independiyente

independiyente (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ)

ᜁᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)
independyente (alternative)

[ʔɪn̪.d̪ɛ.pɛn̪ˈd͡ʒɛn̪.t̪ɛ]

[ʔɪn̪.d̪ɛ.pɛn̪ˈd̪jɛn̪.t̪ɛ]


industriyal

industriyál (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜎ᜔)

industriyál (canonical)
ᜁᜈ᜔ᜇᜓᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜌᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
industrial (alternative)


insensitibo

insensitibo (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜆᜒᜊᜓ)

ᜁᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜆᜒᜊᜓ (Baybayin)

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English insensitive, and influenced by Spanish sensitivo.


intelihente

tl-adj

intelihente (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜎᜒᜑᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ)

ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜎᜒᜑᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)

[ʔɪn̪.t̪ɛ.lɪˈhɛn̪.t̪ɛ]


intensiyonal

intensiyonál (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈᜎ᜔)

intensiyonál (canonical)
ᜁᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
intensyunal (alternative)
intensiyunal (alternative)


insupisyente

insupisyente (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ)

ᜁᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜒ (Baybayin)

[ʔɪn̪.sʊ.pɪˈʃɛn̪.t̪ɛ]


mainsekto

mainsekto (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜁᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜃ᜔ᜆᜓ)

ᜋᜁᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜃ᜔ᜆᜓ (Baybayin)


estratehiko

estratéhikó (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜆᜒᜑᜒᜃᜓ)

estratéhikó (canonical)
ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜆᜒᜑᜒᜃᜓ (Baybayin)

[ʔɛs.t̪ɾɐˌt̪ɛː.hɪˈxo]


bulilyaso

(colloquial) thwarted; failed; unsuccessful (due to an unexpected turn of events)


idyota

[ʔɪdˈd͡ʒoː.t̪ɐ]

[ʔɪd̪ˈjoː.t̪ɐ]


adisyonal

adisyonál (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜎ᜔)

adisyonál (canonical)
ᜀᜇᜒᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈᜎ᜔ (Baybayin)
adisiyunal (alternative)
adisyunal (alternative)


eksplosibo

eksplosibo (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜎᜓᜐᜒᜊᜓ)

ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜎᜓᜐᜒᜊᜓ (Baybayin)
esplosibo (alternative dated)


ikay

thoroughly done; completely done (of a task)


ubra

ubrá (canonical)
ᜂᜊ᜔ᜇ (Baybayin)
obra (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish obra. Doublet of obra.

possible; allowable; permissible; acceptable


Olandes

Olandés (canonical)
ᜂᜎᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ᜔ (Baybayin)
Holandes (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish holandés. Doublet of ulandes.


obligatoryo

obligatoryo (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜊ᜔ᜎᜒᜄᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)

ᜂᜊ᜔ᜎᜒᜄᜆᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ (Baybayin)