nu

From Proto-Tai *ʰnuːᴬ. Cognate with Thai หนู (nǔu), Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨶᩪ, Lao ໜູ (nū), Tai Dam ꪘꪴ, Lü ᦐᦴ (ṅuu), Shan ၼူ (nǔu), Zhuang nou, Saek หนู่.


bai

bai nặm keng


pet

From Proto-Tai *peːtᴰ (“eight”), from Chinese 八 (MC peat, “eight”). Cognate with Thai แปด (bpɛ̀ɛt), Lao ແປດ (pǣt), Lü ᦶᦔᧆᧈ (ṗaed¹), Tai Dam ꪵꪜꪒ, Shan ပႅတ်ႇ (pèt), Tai Nüa ᥙᥦᥖᥱ (pǎet), Ahom 𑜆𑜢𑜄𑜫 (pit), Bouyei beedt, Zhuang bet.

cog

Lü ᦶᦔᧆᧈ (ṗaed¹)


slip

From Middle Chinese 十 (MC dzyip, “ten”). Cognate with Thai สิบ (sìp), Northern Thai ᩈᩥ᩠ᨷ, Lao ສິບ (sip), Lü ᦉᦲᧇ (ṡiib), Tai Dam ꪎꪲꪚ, Shan သိပ်း (síp), Tai Nüa ᥔᥤᥙᥴ (síp), Ahom 𑜏𑜢𑜆𑜫 (sip), Bouyei xib, Zhuang cib, Saek ซิ̄บ.

slíp cần

slíp pi

slíp ết

ta̱i slíp

nhi̱ slíp

slíp booc bấu đảy chang

(literally, “Ten cans and one can't even fill half of a can.”)


ma

From Proto-Tai *ʰmaːᴬ (“dog”). Cognate with Thai หมา (mǎa), Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨾᩣ, Lao ໝາ (mā), Tai Dam ꪢꪱ, Lü ᦖᦱ (ṁaa), Shan မႃ (mǎa), Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥴ (máa), Aiton မႃ (mā), Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma), Zhuang ma, Saek หม่า.


slam

From Proto-Tai *saːm. From Middle Chinese 三 (MC sam|samH). Cognate with Thai สาม (sǎam), Northern Thai ᩈᩣ᩠ᨾ, Lao ສາມ (sām), Lü ᦉᦱᧄ (ṡaam), Tai Dam ꪎꪱꪣ, Shan သၢမ် (sǎam), Tai Nüa ᥔᥣᥛᥴ (sáam), Ahom 𑜏𑜪 (saṃ), Bouyei saaml, Zhuang sam.


bung

a type of slatted baskets to carry clothes and books


cao

da cao

tức cao slưa

alternative medicine
alternative medicine

(alternative medicine) a tonic made from animal flesh or bone


cá

tua vài cá

tua mò cá


cẩu

From Proto-Tai *kɤwꟲ (“nine”), from Chinese 九 (MC kjuwX, “nine”). Cognate with Thai เก้า (gâao), Northern Thai ᨠᩮᩢ᩶ᩣ, Lao ເກົ້າ (kao), Lü ᦂᧁᧉ (k̇aw²), Shan ၵဝ်ႈ (kāo), Tai Nüa ᥐᥝᥲ (kàw), Ahom 𑜀𑜧 (kaw), Bouyei guz, Zhuang gouj, Saek กู̂.

Lü ᦂᧁᧉ (k̇aw²)


slí

From Proto-Tai *siːᴮ. From Middle Chinese 四 (MC sijH). Cognate with Thai สี่ (sìi), Northern Thai ᩈᩦ᩵, Lao ສີ່ (sī), Lü ᦉᦲᧈ (ṡii¹), Tai Dam ꪎꪲ꪿, Shan သီႇ (sìi), Tai Nüa ᥔᥤᥱ (sǐ), Ahom 𑜏𑜣 (sī), Bouyei sis, Zhuang seiq.

Lü ᦉᦲᧈ (ṡii¹)


xiên

From Chinese 千 (MC tshen). Cognate with Zhuang cien, Bouyei xianl.


pêt

From Proto-Tai *pitᴰ. Cognate with Thai เป็ด (bpèt), Northern Thai ᨸᩮᩢ᩠ᨯ, Khün ᨸᩮ᩠ᨯ, Lao ເປັດ (pet), Lü ᦵᦔᧆ (ṗed), Tai Dam ꪹꪜꪸꪒ, Shan ပဵတ်း (páet), Tai Nüa ᥙᥥᥖᥱ (pět), Ahom 𑜆𑜢𑜄𑜫 (pit), Zhuang bit, Bouyei bidt. Compare Proto-Be *ɓitᴰ¹, Southern Kam badl or bedl, Old Chinese 鴄 (OC *pʰid).

Lü ᦵᦔᧆ (ṗed)


nả

From Proto-Tai *ʰnaːᶜ (“face”). Cognate with Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨶ᩶ᩣ, Lao ໜ້າ (nā), Lü ᦐᦱᧉ (ṅaa²), Tai Dam ꪘ꫁ꪱ, Shan ၼႃႈ (nāa), Tai Nüa ᥘᥣᥲ (làa) or ᥢᥣᥲ (nàa), Ahom 𑜃𑜠 (na) or 𑜃𑜡 (nā), Zhuang naj, Thai หน้า (nâa).

Lü ᦐᦱᧉ (ṅaa²)

nả lài thổ cẩm

(art, drawing, painting, design) pattern


hốc

From Proto-Tai *krokᴰ (“six”). From Chinese 六 (OC *ruɡ, “six”). Cognate with Thai หก (hòk), Northern Thai ᩉᩫ᩠ᨠ, Lao ຫົກ (hok), Lü ᦷᦠᧅ (ḣok), Tai Dam ꪶꪬꪀ, Shan ႁူၵ်း (húuk), Tai Nüa ᥞᥨᥐᥱ (hǒk), Ahom 𑜍𑜤𑜀𑜫 (ruk), Bouyei rogt, Zhuang roek or loeg, Nong Zhuang choak.

Lü ᦷᦠᧅ (ḣok)


bôi

bôi tắc nặm keng


mường

From Proto-Tai *mɯəŋᴬ (“village”). Cognate with Thai เมือง (mʉʉang), Northern Thai ᨾᩮᩬᩥᨦ, Lao ເມືອງ (mư̄ang), Lü ᦵᦙᦲᧂ (moeng), Tai Dam ꪹꪣꪉ (mứang), Shan မိူင်း (móeng), Tai Nüa ᥛᥫᥒᥰ (möeng), Ahom 𑜉𑜢𑜤𑜂𑜫 (müṅ).

Ahom 𑜉𑜢𑜤𑜂𑜫 (müṅ)

功𪜀[⿰氵⿱丷⿷匚八]寸洞[⿰末亾]大

However innumerable the accomplishments may be, a few disheartening words can easily make you lose all.


khao

From Proto-Tai *xaːwᴬ. Cognate with Thai ขาว (kǎao), Northern Thai ᨡᩣ᩠ᩅ, Lao ຂາວ (khāo), Lü ᦃᦱᧁ (ẋaaw), Shan ၶၢဝ် (khǎao), Tai Nüa ᥑᥣᥝᥴ (xáaw), Tai Dam ꪄꪱꪫ, Ahom 𑜁𑜧 (khaw), Bouyei haaul, Saek ห่าว and Zhuang hau.

nả khao

slửa khao

chỉa khao

vài khao

nựa khao

rủng pện đao khao pện bjooc

as bright as a star, as joyful as a flower


côp

From Proto-Tai *kɤpᴰ. Cognate with Thai กบ (gòp), Northern Thai ᨠᩫ᩠ᨷ, Lao ກົບ (kop), Tai Dam ꪶꪀꪚ, Lü ᦷᦂᧇ (k̇ob), Shan ၵူပ်း (kúup), Ahom 𑜀𑜤𑜆𑜫 (kup), Bouyei gobt, Zhuang goep, Nong Zhuang gaep, Saek กั๊บ and Tai Do kô̄p. Compare Proto-Be *kupᴰ².


bươn

From Proto-Tai *ɓlɯənᴬ (“moon; month”). Cognate with Thai เดือน (dʉʉan), Northern Thai ᨯᩮᩬᩥᩁ, Lao ເດືອນ (dư̄an), Lü ᦵᦡᦲᧃ (ḋoen), Shan လိူၼ် (lǒen), Ahom 𑜓𑜢𑜤𑜃𑜫 (dün) or 𑜃𑜢𑜤𑜃𑜫 (nün), Bouyei ndianl, Zhuang ndwen or mbwen, Saek เบรี๋ยน. Compare Indonesian bulan.

Lü ᦵᦡᦲᧃ (ḋoen)

Saek เบรี๋ยน

slổ ết bươn slí

slíp hả bươn hả

Khuốp pi slíp nhi̱ bươn.

Bươn nưng đảy kỉ lai?


nặm

From Proto-Tai *C̬.namꟲ (“water”), from Proto-Kra-Dai *(C)aNam. Cognate with Ahom 𑜃𑜪 (naṃ), Lao ນ້ຳ (nam), Lü ᦓᧄᧉ (nam²), Northern Thai ᨶ᩶ᩣᩴ (nam), Shan ၼမ်ႉ (nâ̰m), Tai Dam ꪙꪾ꫁ (nam6), Tai Nüa ᥘᥛᥳ (lȧm), Thai น้ำ (náam) and Zhuang raemx. Compare Proto-Kam-Sui *ȵam³ (whence Southern Kam naemx, Sui namc), Proto-Be *namᴮꟲ², Proto-Hlai *C-nəmʔ (whence Hlai noms).


chường

Borrowed from an earlier form of Vietnamese giường.


sloong

From Proto-Tai *soːŋᴬ. From Middle Chinese 雙 (MC sraewng). Cognate with Thai สอง (sɔ̌ɔng), Northern Thai ᩈᩬᨦ, Lao ສອງ (sǭng), Lü ᦉᦸᧂ (ṡoang), Tai Dam ꪎꪮꪉ, Shan သွင် (sǎung), Tai Nüa ᥔᥩᥒᥴ (sóang), Ahom 𑜏𑜨𑜂𑜫 (soṅ), Bouyei soongl, Zhuang song.


slam cooc

[ɬaːm˧˥ kɔk̚˧˥]

[θaːm˦ kɔk̚˦]


căp kẻ

[kap̚˧˥ kɛ˨˩˧]


hán fạ

[haːn˧˥ faː˧˨ʔ]


hinh hỏi

[hïŋ˧˥ hɔj˨˩˧]

[hïŋ˦ hɔj˨˦]

Uncertain. Compare Thai หิ่งห้อย (hìng-hɔ̂i), Lao ຫິ່ງຫ້ອຍ, Shan ႁိင်ႇႁွႆႈ (hìng hāui), Mandarin 螢火／萤火 (yínghuǒ).

Lao ຫິ່ງຫ້ອຍ


chêt

From Proto-Tai *cetᴰ (“seven”), from Chinese 七 (MC tshit, “seven”). Cognate with Thai เจ็ด (jèt), Lao ເຈັດ (chet), Lü ᦵᦈᧆ (ṫsed), Tai Dam ꪹꪊꪸꪒ, Shan ၸဵတ်း (tsáet), Tai Nüa ᥓᥥᥖᥱ (tsět), Ahom 𑜋𑜢𑜄𑜫 (chit), Bouyei xadt, Zhuang caet, Nong Zhuang jiat.


pây

From Proto-Tai *pajᴬ (“to go”). Cognate with Northern Thai ᨻᩱ (pai), Khün ᨻᩱ (pai), Lao ໄປ (pai), Lü ᦺᦔ (ṗay) and ᦺᦗ (pay), Tai Dam ꪼꪜ, Shan ပႆ (pǎi), Aiton ပႝ (pay), Phake ပႝ (pay), Zhuang bae, Bouyei bail, Thai ไป (bpai).

pây xe đạp

(vehicles, of people) to go by; to board; to get on


đeng

From Proto-Tai *C̥.dwiːŋᴬ. Cognate with Thai แดง (dɛɛng), Northern Thai ᨯᩯ᩠ᨦ, Lao ແດງ (dǣng), Lü ᦶᦡᧂ (ḋaeng), Shan လႅင် (lěng), Tai Dam ꪵꪒꪉ, Tai Nüa ᥘᥦᥒ (laeng), Ahom 𑜓𑜢𑜂𑜫 (diṅ) or 𑜃𑜢𑜂𑜫 (niṅ), Zhuang nding, Bouyei ndingl, Saek รี๋ง. Compare Proto-Be *ziːŋᴬ¹.


bẩu

la̱m bẩu khảu

dú tềnh bẩu


buôi

From an earlier form of Vietnamese muôi.


bươn nhuâ̱n

[ɓɨən˧˥ ɲwən˩˩]

[ɓɨən˦ ɲwən˧]

From bươn (“month”) + nhuâ̱n (“intercalary”).


bươn chiêng

[ɓɨən˧˥ ciəŋ˧˥]

[ɓɨən˦ ciəŋ˦]


bươn lạp

head

bươn lạp (班臘, 𬂇腊)

tyz-noun

bươn lạp (班臘, 𬂇腊)

[ɓɨən˧˥ laːp̚˧˨ʔ]

[ɓɨən˦ laːp̚˩˧]


bươn ết

[ɓɨən˧˥ ʔet̚˧˥]

[ɓɨən˦ ʔet̚˦]


bươn nhi̱

[ɓɨən˧˥ ɲi˩˩]


bươn sloong

[ɓɨən˧˥ ɬɔŋ˧˥]

[ɓɨən˦ θɔŋ˦]


bươn coòng

[ɓɨən˧˥ kɔŋ˧˨]

[ɓɨən˦ gʱɔŋ˩]

From bươn (“month”) + coòng (“to wait”).


bẳng bươn

[ɓaŋ˨˩˧ ɓɨən˧˥]

[ɓaŋ˨˦ ɓɨən˦]


bươn slíp

[ɓɨən˧˥ ɬip̚˧˥]

[ɓɨən˦ θip̚˦]


bươn slam

[ɓɨən˧˥ ɬaːm˧˥]

[ɓɨən˦ θaːm˦]


ca noóng

[kaː˧˧ nɔŋ˧˥]

[kaː˦˥ nɔŋ˦]

ca noóng kha

ca noóng mừng

anterior side of a joint, namely the elbow pit or the hock