abort

abort (indefinite nominative singular)
aborten (definite nominative singular)
aborter (indefinite nominative plural)
aborterna (definite nominative plural)
aborts (genitive indefinite singular)
abortens (definite genitive singular)
aborters (genitive indefinite plural)
aborternas (definite genitive plural)

→ Finnish: abortti


million

million (indefinite nominative singular)
millionen (definite nominative singular)
millioner (indefinite nominative plural)
millionerna (definite nominative plural)
millions (genitive indefinite singular)
millionens (definite genitive singular)
millioners (genitive indefinite plural)
millionernas (definite genitive plural)


by

by (indefinite nominative singular)
byn (definite nominative singular)
byar (indefinite nominative plural)
byarna (definite nominative plural)
bys (genitive indefinite singular)
byns (definite genitive singular)
byars (genitive indefinite plural)
byarnas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish bȳr, bȳ (“village, farm, town”), from Old Norse býr. Cognate with Danish by (“town, city”, whence also Faroese býur with the same meaning), Norwegian Bokmål by (“town, city”) and Norwegian Nynorsk by (“town, city”).


hospital

hospital (indefinite nominative singular)
hospitalet (definite nominative singular)
hospital (indefinite nominative plural)
hospitalen (definite nominative plural)
hospitals (genitive indefinite singular)
hospitalets (definite genitive singular)
hospitals (genitive indefinite plural)
hospitalens (definite genitive plural)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin hospitale, nominalisation of Latin hospitalis (“hospitality”).

(archaic, 11th century) lodging for travelers

(archaic, 15th century) care facility for the elderly, disabled, and sick

Mången tror den är ett hospital,
då han ser så många dårar samla
sig uti dess stora gästningssal,

1835, Victor August Altén, “Jorden [Earth]”, in Dikter II, page 94

Many believe it's a madhouse,
when they see so many fools gather,
in its large reception hall,
and, like the blind, stumble around its walls.

och, som blinda, kring dess väggar famla.

Hvar har ni fått de der idéerna ifrån? ni måtte ha rymt från något hospital i Frankrike?

1843–1846, August Blanche, “En trappa upp och på nedra botten, eller Grosshandlaren och Klädmäklaren [1843]”, in Theater-stycken I, page 76

Where did you get those ideas from? you must have escaped from some mental institution in France?


fast

From Old Swedish faster, from Old Norse fastr, from Proto-Germanic *fastuz; see it for cognates and further etymology.

och hade bedrifvit underslef af fast otrolig omfattning

and had committed embezzlement of an almost unbelievable extent.


elf

elf (indefinite nominative singular)
elfven (definite nominative singular)
elfvar (indefinite nominative plural)
elfvarna (definite nominative plural)
elfs (genitive indefinite singular)
elfvens (definite genitive singular)
elfvars (genitive indefinite plural)
elfvarnas (definite genitive plural)


ni

jag (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
mig (first-person oblique personal pronoun singular)
mej (colloquial first-person oblique personal pronoun pronunciation-spelling singular)
min (first-person personal possessed-common possessive pronoun singular)
mitt (first-person personal possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular)
mina (first-person personal possessed-many possessive pronoun singular)
du (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dig (oblique personal pronoun second-person singular)
dej (colloquial oblique personal pronoun pronunciation-spelling second-person singular)
din (personal possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person singular)
ditt (personal possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person singular)
dina (personal possessed-many possessive pronoun second-person singular)
han (masculine nominative person personal pronoun singular third-person)
honom (masculine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
han (informal masculine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (dialectal informal masculine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
hans (masculine person personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
hon (feminine nominative person personal pronoun singular third-person)
henne (feminine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
hennes (feminine person personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
hen (gender-neutral neologism nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
hen (gender-neutral neologism oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
henom (gender-neutral neologism oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
hens (gender-neutral neologism personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
den (common-gender nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
den (common-gender oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
dess (common-gender personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
det (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
det (neuter oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
dess (neuter personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
man (indefinite nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (indefinite nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (indefinite oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
ens (indefinite personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
sig (oblique personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sej (colloquial oblique personal pronoun pronunciation-spelling reflexive singular third-person)
sin (personal possessed-common possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sitt (personal possessed-neuter possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sina (personal possessed-many possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
vi (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
oss (first-person oblique personal plural pronoun)
vår (first-person personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun)
våran (first-person informal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun)
vårt (first-person personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun)
vårat (first-person informal personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun)
våra (first-person personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun)
ni (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
er (oblique personal plural pronoun second-person)
er (personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person)
eran (informal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person)
ers (formal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person term-of-address)
ert (personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person)
erat (informal personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person)
era (personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun second-person)
I (archaic nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
eder (archaic oblique personal plural pronoun second-person)
eder (archaic personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person)
eders (archaic formal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person term-of-address)
edert (archaic personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person)
edra (archaic personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun second-person)
de (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
dom (colloquial nominative personal plural pronoun pronunciation-spelling third-person)
dem (oblique personal plural pronoun third-person)
dom (colloquial oblique personal plural pronoun pronunciation-spelling third-person)
deras (personal plural possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun third-person)
sig (oblique personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
sej (colloquial oblique personal plural pronoun pronunciation-spelling reflexive third-person)
sin (personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
sitt (personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
sina (personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)

Since 1661, through rebracketing of the 2nd plural verb suffix -(e)n and the older pronoun I ("ye"), e.g. vissten I > visste ni (“did you know”). Compare Icelandic þér and þið which developed similarly.
The Old Swedish ī, īr derives from Old Norse *īʀ (East Norse variant of ér) from Proto-Germanic *jīz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́. Compare Danish I.

–Ni kan börja med att städa kontoret, fröken Andersson.
–Javisst, Herr Direktör.
–You can start with cleaning the office, miss Andersson.
–Certainly, Mr. Director

you (second-person singular nominative formal) (capitalized Ni, rare in modern use)

(obsolete) title used when addressing a person of lower social rank


di

From dia (“to suckle”), from Proto-Germanic *dijōną (“to suckle”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suckle”). Related to dägga (däggdjur).

der

Ho får sej nåck en hârr-khär, hva länge dä lir, Men se dä ska ja’ sij’ dej att allri di ho blir.

1886, Fredrik August Dahlgren, Frierfâla

She will surely get herself a gentleman before long, But I will say to you, that yours she'll never be.

(dialectal, obsolete) your, yours; feminine singular of din


val

val (indefinite nominative singular)
valen (definite nominative singular)
valar (indefinite nominative plural)
valarna (definite nominative plural)
vals (genitive indefinite singular)
valens (definite genitive singular)
valars (genitive indefinite plural)
valarnas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse valr (“the slain, the fallen”), from Proto-Germanic *walaz (“corpse, body; carnage”).

(obsolete) the fallen; casualties of a war or battle


le

head

le (present ler, preterite log, supine lett, imperative le)

ler (present)
log (preterite)
lett (supine)
le (imperative)
le (active infinitive)
les (infinitive passive)
lett (active supine)
letts (passive supine)
le (active imperative)
len (active archaic imperative plural)
ler (active indicative present)
log (active indicative past)
les (indicative passive present)
logs (indicative passive past)
le (active archaic indicative plural present)
logo (active archaic indicative past plural)
les (archaic indicative passive plural present)
logos (archaic indicative passive past plural)
le (active dated present subjunctive)
loge (active dated past subjunctive)
les (dated passive present subjunctive)
loges (dated passive past subjunctive)
leende (participle present)

From Old Swedish lēia, lea, from Old Norse hlæja (“to laugh”), from Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną.


golf

golf (indefinite nominative singular)
golfen (definite nominative singular)
golfer (indefinite nominative plural)
golferna (definite nominative plural)
golfs (genitive indefinite singular)
golfens (definite genitive singular)
golfers (genitive indefinite plural)
golfernas (definite genitive plural)
golf (indefinite nominative uncountable)
golfen (definite nominative uncountable)
golfs (genitive indefinite uncountable)
golfens (definite genitive uncountable)


id

From Old Swedish idh. Attested on Södermanlands runinskrifter 60. Cognate of Icelandic ið (“fidgeting”). Arguably from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey- (“to go”).

de voro nog skilda / till stånd och id, / men samma milda / söndagsfrid / låg över alla pannor dock.

they belonged to different stands and occupations, but their foreheads shared the same mild Sunday peace.

det unga, kraftiga amerikanska folkets rastlösa lif och id

the young, strong American people's restless life and work


ur

From Old Swedish ūr, Old Norse úr, perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wers- (“to rain”), in which case related to Latin urina.

der

i ur och skur

through thick and thin; lit. through drizzle and rain


frisk

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


item

Borrowed from Latin item (“just like”), attested since 1628.

Jag blef helt ond och ändå mera E., som är en förklarad hundvän, item hund-advokat, som du väl mins.

1847 July 24, Sophie von Knorring, Bref till hemmet

I became wholly mad, and even more E., who are a declared dog friend, as well as dog advocate, as you might well remember.


item

Olsson profvade; men det var ingen, som passade rigtigt. — Så är det väl bäst du beställer en och låter ta mått, — sade Berg och tilläde, vände sig till hattmakarn: — Men det är ett lite item här, farbror! Det är fråga om kredit; [...]

1864, Johan Magnus Rosén, Hvad man minst väntar

Olsson tried, but there were none, which fit really. — So it is best you order and let measures be taken, — said Berg and added, turned to the hat maker: — But there is a small additional matter of concern here, sir! It is a question about credit; …

(obsolete) additional circumstance, additional item of concern


stad

stad (indefinite nominative singular)
staden (definite nominative singular)
städer (indefinite nominative plural)
städerna (definite nominative plural)
stads (genitive indefinite singular)
stadens (definite genitive singular)
städers (genitive indefinite plural)
städernas (definite genitive plural)

→ Finnish: Stadi

From Old Swedish staþer, from Old Norse staðr, from Proto-Germanic *stadiz, from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂tis.

stadsdel

neighborhood; district, part of a city; suburb

(obsolete, still in some compounds) stead, place


lida

head

lida (present lider, preterite led, supine lidit, imperative lid)

lider (present)
led (preterite)
lidit (supine)
lid (imperative)
lida (active infinitive)
lidas (infinitive passive)
lidit (active supine)
lidits (passive supine)
lid (active imperative)
liden (active archaic imperative plural)
lider (active indicative present)
led (active indicative past)
lids (indicative passive present)
lides (indicative passive present)
leds (indicative passive past)
lida (active archaic indicative plural present)
ledo (active archaic indicative past plural)
lidas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
ledos (archaic indicative passive past plural)
lide (active dated present subjunctive)
lede (active dated past subjunctive)
lides (dated passive present subjunctive)
ledes (dated passive past subjunctive)
lidande (participle present)
liden (participle past)

From Old Swedish līþa, from Old Norse líða, from Proto-Germanic *līþaną.

Jag lider honom icke!

(obsolete) to (be able to) stand, to (be able to) tolerate


Abessinien

(obsolete) Abyssinia; present day Ethiopia


backe

backe (indefinite nominative singular)
backen (definite nominative singular)
backar (indefinite nominative plural)
backarna (definite nominative plural)
backes (genitive indefinite singular)
backens (definite genitive singular)
backars (genitive indefinite plural)
backarnas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse bakki (“bank”), from Proto-Germanic *bankô.

över berg och backar

over mountains and hills (still recognized as an expression)

galgbacke

gallows hill (site for execution by hanging, usually on a hill)


celt

celt (indefinite nominative singular)
celten (definite nominative singular)
celter (indefinite nominative plural)
celterna (definite nominative plural)
celts (genitive indefinite singular)
celtens (definite genitive singular)
celters (genitive indefinite plural)
celternas (definite genitive plural)


geometri

geometri (indefinite nominative singular)
geometrin (definite nominative singular)
geometrier (indefinite nominative plural)
geometrierna (definite nominative plural)
geometris (genitive indefinite singular)
geometrins (definite genitive singular)
geometriers (genitive indefinite plural)
geometriernas (definite genitive plural)

... begaf sig till Österbotten, för att blifva handledd i praktiska geometrien. Detta skedde hos då varande kommissionslandtmätaren ...

... went to Ostrobothnia, to be trained in practical surveying. This was done by the then commissioned surveyor ...

(obsolete) surveying (measurement of land; mapping)


graf

graf (indefinite nominative singular)
grafven (definite nominative singular)
grafvar (indefinite nominative plural)
grafvarna (definite nominative plural)
grafs (genitive indefinite singular)
grafvens (definite genitive singular)
grafvars (genitive indefinite plural)
grafvarnas (definite genitive plural)


parlament

parlament (indefinite nominative singular)
parlamentet (definite nominative singular)
parlament (indefinite nominative plural)
parlamenten (definite nominative plural)
parlaments (genitive indefinite singular)
parlamentets (definite genitive singular)
parlaments (genitive indefinite plural)
parlamentens (definite genitive plural)

Borrowed from Latin parlement and French parlement. Reintroduced in the 19th century via English parliament.

(obsolete, 14th century) council meeting


parlament

Inherited from Old Swedish parlamente, perlament (“bicker, quarrel”) and dialectal perlemente (“quarrel, racket”).


torp

torp (indefinite nominative singular)
torpet (definite nominative singular)
torp (indefinite nominative plural)
torpen (definite nominative plural)
torps (genitive indefinite singular)
torpets (definite genitive singular)
torps (genitive indefinite plural)
torpens (definite genitive plural)

→ Finnish: torppa

From Old Norse þorp, from Proto-Germanic *þurpą, whence also with German Dorf and Dutch dorp.

(before 16th century) A solitary farm, distant from other settlements.

(16th century) Officially defined as a very small farm.


kona

kona (indefinite nominative singular)
konan (definite nominative singular)
konor (indefinite nominative plural)
konorna (definite nominative plural)
konas (genitive indefinite singular)
konans (definite genitive singular)
konors (genitive indefinite plural)
konornas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish kona, kuna (“woman, wife, concubine”) (genitive plural kvinna, kvænna), from Old Norse kona, from Proto-Germanic *kwenǭ. Feminine in Late Modern Swedish. Akin to English quean.


hin

From Old Norse hinn.
The noun, a noa-name, might have been formed by ellipsis of phrases such as hin håle and hin onde.

(demonstrative, obsolete) other, the other one; that


effluvium

Borrowed from Latin effluvium. First attested in 1734.

ref

effluvium in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Om peſtämnetsnatur aͤr man icke ſå noga underraͤttad, men ſå mycket wet man att det, jemte beroͤringsſmittan, har ett fint effluvium, som på ganska naͤra håll ſmittar aͤfwen utan omedelbart widroͤrande; […]

1847 November 10, S., “Om Choleran [Concerning Cholera]”, in Wermlandstidningen, page 2

"In regard to the nature of the pestilence, one is not so precisely informed, but it is known that, along with contact contagion, it possesses a subtle effluvium, which transmits even without immediate contact, especially at quite close range; […] "

(obsolete) An emanating fume, especially if detrimental to health.


beneficium

Borrowed from Latin beneficium. First attested in 1650.

beneficium in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

[…]; dock efter som han konungen i trettionio års tid väl och berömligen tjenat, och på denna förläning stor kostnad nedlagt, och denna är den endaste beneficium han för sina långliga, hulda och tappra tjenster åtnjutit, försäkras han få denna donation okvald besitta".

1875 October 8, “Vingåkersbygden i Karl 11:s tid [Vingåker region during the Charles XI era]”, in Södermanlands Allehanda, page 3

[…] ; however, after he has served the king well and famously for thirty-nine years, and has spent a great deal of money on this grant, and this is the only benefit he has enjoyed for his long, loyal and brave services, he is assured that this donation will be in his possession".


leva

head

leva (present lever, preterite levde, supine levt, imperative lev)

lever (present)
levde (preterite)
levt (supine)
lev (imperative)
leva (active infinitive)
levas (infinitive passive)
levt (active supine)
levts (passive supine)
lev (active imperative)
leven (active archaic imperative plural)
lever (active indicative present)
levde (active indicative past)
levs (indicative passive present)
leves (indicative passive present)
levdes (indicative passive past)
leva (active archaic indicative plural present)
levde (active archaic indicative past plural)
levas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
levdes (archaic indicative passive past plural)
leve (active dated present subjunctive)
levde (active dated past subjunctive)
leves (dated passive present subjunctive)
levdes (dated passive past subjunctive)
levande (participle present)
levd (participle past)

From Old Swedish lēva, from Old Norse leifa, from Proto-Germanic *laibijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“leave, cling, linger”). Cognate with Icelandic leifa, English leave.

der

När oss woro siw brödher / Then förste toogh sigh hustru och bleff dödh. Och effter han hadhe ingen sädh / leeffde han sina hustru sinom brodher.
(pre-1906 spelling) När oss voro sju bröder; den förste tog sig hustru, och blef död; och efter han hade ingen säd, lefde han sina hustru sinom broder.

1541, Gustav Vasa Bible, Gospel of Matthew, 22:25

Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left his wife unto his brother:


hof

hof (indefinite nominative singular)
hofvet (definite nominative singular)
hof (indefinite nominative plural)
hofven (definite nominative plural)
hofs (genitive indefinite singular)
hofvets (definite genitive singular)
hofs (genitive indefinite plural)
hofvens (definite genitive plural)

Obsolete spelling of hov (“royal court”).


hof

hof (indefinite nominative singular)
hofven (definite nominative singular)
hofvar (indefinite nominative plural)
hofvarna (definite nominative plural)
hofs (genitive indefinite singular)
hofvens (definite genitive singular)
hofvars (genitive indefinite plural)
hofvarnas (definite genitive plural)


hören

(obsolete) second-person plural present indicative

inflection of höra:
second-person plural present indicative


piga

piga (indefinite nominative singular)
pigan (definite nominative singular)
pigor (indefinite nominative plural)
pigorna (definite nominative plural)
pigas (genitive indefinite singular)
pigans (definite genitive singular)
pigors (genitive indefinite plural)
pigornas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse píka. Cognate with Icelandic píka and Danish pige. Also cognate with Finnish piika, Estonian piiga, and arguably, with Chuvash пике́ (pik̬é, “noblewoman, beauty”). Difficult to determine which language borrowed from which.

cog

(obsolete) an unmarried woman (regardless of age)


öre

öre (indefinite nominative singular)
öret (definite nominative singular)
ören (indefinite nominative plural)
örena (definite nominative plural)
öres (genitive indefinite singular)
örets (definite genitive singular)
örens (genitive indefinite plural)
örenas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse eyrir, from Proto-Germanic *aurijaz. Probably from Latin aureus (“gold coin”).


lif

lif (indefinite nominative singular)
lifvet (definite nominative singular)
lif (indefinite nominative plural)
lifven (definite nominative plural)
lifs (genitive indefinite singular)
lifvets (definite genitive singular)
lifs (genitive indefinite plural)
lifvens (definite genitive plural)


baj

From the West Bothnia and East Gothland dialectal word baj (“filth”). According to Rietz, possibly related to Middle High German baht.

Fy baj, lilla Maja!

1846, Johan August Lundell, Om rättstafningsfrågan. Tre föreläsningar.

(obsolete, 18–19th century) chastening of children when they dirtied themselves, or exhibited bad behavior

(obsolete, 19th century) warning for children to watch out for something filthy, uncomfortable, or shameful

Baj baj, så Herr Rolf talar!

1820, Carl Israel Hallman, C. I. Hallmans Skrifter

"Usch, fy baj! Ricinolja!" ropades i korus omkring bordet.

1896, Eugenie Beskow-Heerberger, För svenska barn : sagor och berättelser

Yuk, disgusting! Castor oil!" they shouted in chorus around the table.

(jokingly, obsolete, 19th century) more generally showing dislike or disgust of indiscretion, vulgarity, or shameful behaviour


baj

baj (indefinite nominative uncountable)
bajet (definite nominative uncountable)
bajs (genitive indefinite uncountable)
bajets (definite genitive uncountable)

(dialect, obsolete, 18–19th century) filth, dirt, feces


baj

(obsolete, 17–19th century) a bay connected to the sea which entrance is less broad than its middle, goes deeper into land than a bukt (“bay”) which tend to be more evenly broad


baj

Unknown. According to some from French Bayonne via bajonett (“bayonet”). According to others from "bajen vid Biscaja" (Bay of Biscay), compare baj (“bay”).

(obsolete, 16–19th century) bajsalt, type of unrefined salt from western Europe


lof

Obsolete spelling of lov (“permission”).


&c.

A use of the ligature & to stand for the et in etc..

Först och främſt kallar han ſig ſjelf: N. N.; detta är något kuriöſt, ty denna abbreviation betyder i det wanliga ſkriftſpråket om perſoner: nomen eller nomina neſcio eller neſcimus, och kan ſåledes blott nyttjas af en ſcribent om en annan, t. ex. i formulärer, på utanſkrifter af bref &c., men icke om ſigſielf; […]

1846 August 7, “Ett slutord i ſtriden om Prins Carls Inſtitut. [A concluding remark in the dispute concerning Prince Carl's Institution.]”, in Stockholms Dagblad, page 1

First and foremost, he calls himself: N. N.; this is somewhat curious, for this abbreviation in the common written language signifies in regard to persons: nomen or nomina nescio or nescimus, and can therefore only be used by a writer about another, e.g., in forms, on the outside of letters, &c., but not about oneself; […]


själ

själ (indefinite nominative singular)
själen (definite nominative singular)
själar (indefinite nominative plural)
själarna (definite nominative plural)
själs (genitive indefinite singular)
själens (definite genitive singular)
själars (genitive indefinite plural)
själarnas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse sál (“soul”), from Old English sāwol (“soul”), from Proto-Germanic *saiwalō (“soul”). Cognate with Danish sjæl (“soul”), Norwegian sjel (“soul”), Icelandic sál (“soul”), English soul, Dutch ziel (“soul”), German Seele (“soul”), Low German Seel (“soul”), Luxembourgish Séil (“soul, spirit”).


idel

From Middle Low German idel (“empty, pure, vain”). Compare English idle (“empty, vacant”), German eidel (“empty, vain”).


billig

head

billig (comparative billigare, superlative billigast)

billigare (comparative)
billigast (superlative)
billig (common-gender indefinite positive singular)
billigare (common-gender comparative indefinite singular)
billigast (common-gender indefinite singular superlative)
billigt (indefinite neuter positive singular)
billigare (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
billigast (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
billiga (indefinite plural positive)
billigare (comparative indefinite plural)
billigast (indefinite plural superlative)
billige (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
billigare (archaic comparative indefinite masculine plural)
billigast (archaic indefinite masculine plural superlative)
billige (definite masculine positive singular)
billigare (comparative definite masculine singular)
billigaste (definite masculine singular superlative)
billiga (definite positive)
billigare (comparative definite)
billigaste (definite superlative)

From Middle Low German billik, billich. Compare German billig and Dutch billijk.

Du måste och tilstå sielf, min billiga Läsare, at det är nödigt i wår tid at liuga Sanningen i Folck:

1732-33, Olof von Dalin, Then Swänska Argus


esprit de corps

Unadapted borrowing from French esprit de corps.

ubor

Sedan vi åkt förbi tvenne i det mulna vädret rätt sorgligt utseende kyrkogårdar, av vilka den första tillhör militären, – som även efter döden vill bibehålla sin rang och sin esprit de corps […]

1819 February 18, Per Daniel Amadeus Atterbom, “Anteckningar om Wien. Resa från Wien till Breslau. [Notes on Vienna. Journey from Vienna to Breslau.]”, in Bengt Lewan, editor, Minnen från Tyskland och Italien, volume II, published 2002, page 600

After we gone past two rather sad-looking cemeteries in the cloudy weather, the first of which belongs to the military, - who even after death want to maintain their rank and their esprit de corps […]

Bättre tyckes då den unga fanjunkaren bekläda sin plats, ty han ses egna den med odelade uppmärksamhet åt sin svajande fana och i hans sturska, tvärsäkra hållning röjer sig synbarligen något militärisk esprit de corps.

1864, Hans Henric Hallbäck, Tolken öfver sista studentexamen, page 12

It seems better then that the young sergant takes his place, for he is seen owning it with undivided attention to his waving banner, and in his stout, dead certain stance, something of a military esprit de corps is evidently revealed.

Där måste ha funnits en esprit de corps utan motstycke.

1999, “Clarence Crafoord - en av seklets stora kirurgiska pionjärer [Clarence Crafoord - one of the great surgical pioneers of the century]”, in Läkartidningen, volume 96, number 21, quoted in Språkbanken, Korp

There must have been an esprit de corps unmatched.

Enligt socialpsykologisk teoribildning utvecklas en särskild typ av kåranda, en esprit de corps, i små grupper av detta slag, där sammanhållningen mellan gruppens medlemmar är stark.

2011 August 4, “Tommy Möller: Därför blir krishantering avgörande för politiska ledare [Tommy Möller: That's why crisis management becomes crucial for political leaders]”, in Dagens Nyheter

According to social psychological theory formation, a special type of team spirit, an esprit de corps, develops in small groups of this kind, where the cohesion between the members of the group is strong.


heta

head

heta (present heter, preterite hette, supine hetat, imperative het)

heter (present)
hette (preterite)
hetat (supine)
het (imperative)
heta (active infinitive)
hetas (infinitive passive)
hetat (active supine)
hetats (passive supine)
het (active imperative)
heten (active archaic imperative plural)
heter (active indicative present)
hette (active indicative past)
hets (indicative passive present)
hetes (indicative passive present)
hettes (indicative passive past)
heta (active archaic indicative plural present)
hette (active archaic indicative past plural)
hetas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
hettes (archaic indicative passive past plural)
hete (active dated present subjunctive)
hette (active dated past subjunctive)
hetes (dated passive present subjunctive)
hettes (dated passive past subjunctive)
hetande (participle present)
heta (active infinitive)
hetas (infinitive passive)
hetat (active supine)
hetats (passive supine)
het (active imperative)
heten (active archaic imperative plural)
heter (active indicative present)
het (active indicative past)
hets (indicative passive present)
hetes (indicative passive present)
hets (indicative passive past)
heta (active archaic indicative plural present)
heto (active archaic indicative past plural)
hetas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
hetos (archaic indicative passive past plural)
hete (active dated present subjunctive)
hete (active dated past subjunctive)
hetes (dated passive present subjunctive)
hetes (dated passive past subjunctive)
hetande (participle present)

From Old Swedish hēta, from Old Norse heita, from Proto-Germanic *haitaną.


avantgarde

avantgarde (indefinite nominative singular)
avantgardet (definite nominative singular)
avantgarden (indefinite nominative plural)
avantgardena (definite nominative plural)
avantgardes (genitive indefinite singular)
avantgardets (definite genitive singular)
avantgardens (genitive indefinite plural)
avantgardenas (definite genitive plural)

Borrowed from French avant-garde. Compare arriärgarde.


hallåa

hallåa (indefinite nominative singular)
hallåan (definite nominative singular)
hallåor (indefinite nominative plural)
hallåorna (definite nominative plural)
hallåas (genitive indefinite singular)
hallåans (definite genitive singular)
hallåors (genitive indefinite plural)
hallåornas (definite genitive plural)

From hallå (“hello”) + -a (“-er”). From early in public radio's history when the main station connected to local stations by calling hallå, hallå (“hello, hello”).

continuity announcer
continuity announcer

(obsolete, radio) continuity announcer, programme presenter


ß

(obsolete, rare) A ligature representing .


Calmare

Obsolete spelling of Kalmars., genitive of Kalmar, the Swedish town (after which a 17th century ship was named Calmare Nyckel)


jordgubbe

jordgubbe (indefinite nominative singular)
jordgubben (definite nominative singular)
jordgubbar (indefinite nominative plural)
jordgubbarna (definite nominative plural)
jordgubbes (genitive indefinite singular)
jordgubbens (definite genitive singular)
jordgubbars (genitive indefinite plural)
jordgubbarnas (definite genitive plural)

/ˈjuːɖˌɡɵbɛ/

From jord (“earth”) + gubbe (“little lump”).

(obsolete, 17th century) a musk strawberry, from Fragaria moschata

(obsolete, 17th century) a creamy strawberry, from Fragaria viridis


hoj

hoj (indefinite nominative singular)
hojen (definite nominative singular)
hojar (indefinite nominative plural)
hojarna (definite nominative plural)
hojs (genitive indefinite singular)
hojens (definite genitive singular)
hojars (genitive indefinite plural)
hojarnas (definite genitive plural)

From English hoy, used in Swedish since 1768, first spelled hoy, and since 1883 hoj.

(obsolete) hoy, a (coastal) sailing ship

(obsolete) decommissioned ship, used for housing, storage, as a hospital, etc.


besöka

besöka (present besöker, preterite besökte, supine besökt, imperative besök)

besöker (present)
besökte (preterite)
besökt (supine)
besök (imperative)
besöka (active infinitive)
besökas (infinitive passive)
besökt (active supine)
besökts (passive supine)
besök (active imperative)
besöken (active archaic imperative plural)
besöker (active indicative present)
besökte (active indicative past)
besöks (indicative passive present)
besökes (indicative passive present)
besöktes (indicative passive past)
besöka (active archaic indicative plural present)
besökte (active archaic indicative past plural)
besökas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
besöktes (archaic indicative passive past plural)
besöke (active dated present subjunctive)
besökte (active dated past subjunctive)
besökes (dated passive present subjunctive)
besöktes (dated passive past subjunctive)
besökande (participle present)
besökt (participle past)

From Old Swedish besøkia, from Middle Low German besoken, equivalent to be- + söka. Cognate with Danish besøge, Norwegian Bokmål besøke, Norwegian Nynorsk besøke, besøka, besøkje, besøkja, Dutch bezoeken, German besuchen, Saterland Frisian besäike, English beseech, beseek and Scots beseik.

(obsolete) to examine, to search through


detektiv

detektiv (indefinite nominative singular)
detektiven (definite nominative singular)
detektiver (indefinite nominative plural)
detektiverna (definite nominative plural)
detektivs (genitive indefinite singular)
detektivens (definite genitive singular)
detektivers (genitive indefinite plural)
detektivernas (definite genitive plural)

From English detective. Adjective sense attested since 1851. Noun sense attested since 1872.

Då mr Brown nästa morgon anlände till sin office, väntade honom derstädes en detektiv, som meddelade, att uti Charminghouse påträffats en främling, hvars yttre öfverensstämde med det till efterspaning inlemnade signalementet [...]

1879, Janne Bruzelius, En ödets kastboll, page 80

When Mr Brown arrived at his office the next morning, a detective awaited him there, who announced that a stranger had been found in Charminghouse, the exterior of which matched the signal submitted for reconnaissance …

(obsolete, law enforcement) a detective, a type of police


hvad

Detta är hvad Academien, i anſeende til den Grammaticaliſka delen af Ordaboken, exempelvis och til uplyſning, nu velat anföra; […]

1787, Johan Henric Kellgren, Underrättelse om det, som bör iagttagas af de hvilka åtagit sig at arbeta på den Svenska Ordaboken, pages 2–3

This is what the Academy, in regard to the grammatical part of the Dictionary, for example and for information, now wanted to state; […]


örngott

örngott (indefinite nominative singular)
örngottet (definite nominative singular)
örngott (indefinite nominative plural)
örngotten (definite nominative plural)
örngotts (genitive indefinite singular)
örngottets (definite genitive singular)
örngotts (genitive indefinite plural)
örngottens (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish örnagāt, from örna, genitive plural of öra (compare Icelandic eyrna) + -gott.


ega

Possibly inspired by the internet meme "Snel hest." Compare häst/hest.


eklatant

eklatant (comparative eklatantare, superlative eklatantast)

eklatantare (comparative)
eklatantast (superlative)
eklatant (common-gender indefinite positive singular)
eklatantare (common-gender comparative indefinite singular)
eklatantast (common-gender indefinite singular superlative)
eklatant (indefinite neuter positive singular)
eklatantare (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
eklatantast (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
eklatanta (indefinite plural positive)
eklatantare (comparative indefinite plural)
eklatantast (indefinite plural superlative)
eklatante (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
eklatantare (archaic comparative indefinite masculine plural)
eklatantast (archaic indefinite masculine plural superlative)
eklatante (definite masculine positive singular)
eklatantare (comparative definite masculine singular)
eklatantaste (definite masculine singular superlative)
eklatanta (definite positive)
eklatantare (comparative definite)
eklatantaste (definite superlative)

Cognate with Danish, German eklatant, from French éclatant, based on the verb éclater, used in Swedish since 1727.


rolig

rolig (neuter roligt, definite and plural roliga, comparative roligare, superlative roligast)

roligt (neuter)
roliga (definite plural)
roligare (comparative)
roligast (superlative)
rolig (common-gender indefinite positive singular)
roligare (common-gender comparative indefinite singular)
roligast (common-gender indefinite singular superlative)
roligt (indefinite neuter positive singular)
roligare (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
roligast (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
roliga (indefinite plural positive)
roligare (comparative indefinite plural)
roligast (indefinite plural superlative)
rolige (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
roligare (archaic comparative indefinite masculine plural)
roligast (archaic indefinite masculine plural superlative)
rolige (definite masculine positive singular)
roligare (comparative definite masculine singular)
roligaste (definite masculine singular superlative)
roliga (definite positive)
roligare (comparative definite)
roligaste (definite superlative)

From Old Swedish roliker (“calm, quiet”), from Old Norse róligr. Equivalent to ro + -lig. Cognate with Old Danish rowelig, rolic, Danish rolig (“calm, quiet”), Norwegian Bokmål rolig (“calm, quiet”), Norwegian Nynorsk roleg (“calm, quiet, steady”), Low German rauelik and German ruhig (“calm, quiet”). Compare the shift in meaning with roa (“amuse”), from ro (“peace, calm”).


Svea

Svea rike

Swedes' kingdom (in modern usage a solemn or poetic synonym of Sverige (“Sweden”))

(obsolete, only used attributively) Swedes' (referring to the North Germanic tribe, often in contrast with the Geats)


brylling

brylling (indefinite nominative singular)
bryllingen (definite nominative singular)
bryllingar (indefinite nominative plural)
bryllingarna (definite nominative plural)
bryllings (genitive indefinite singular)
bryllingens (definite genitive singular)
bryllingars (genitive indefinite plural)
bryllingarnas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish bröþlunger, bryllunger (“father’s niece or nephew”), from broþir (“brother”) + -linger. When the word kusin was borrowed from French, the words syssling and brylling underwent a semantic shift from ”cousin” to ”second cousin” and ”third cousin”, respectively.

inh

(obsolete) the father's nephew, cousin on the father's side


lycklig

head

lycklig (comparative lyckligare, superlative lyckligast)

lyckligare (comparative)
lyckligast (superlative)
lycklig (common-gender indefinite positive singular)
lyckligare (common-gender comparative indefinite singular)
lyckligast (common-gender indefinite singular superlative)
lyckligt (indefinite neuter positive singular)
lyckligare (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
lyckligast (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
lyckliga (indefinite plural positive)
lyckligare (comparative indefinite plural)
lyckligast (indefinite plural superlative)
lycklige (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
lyckligare (archaic comparative indefinite masculine plural)
lyckligast (archaic indefinite masculine plural superlative)
lycklige (definite masculine positive singular)
lyckligare (comparative definite masculine singular)
lyckligaste (definite masculine singular superlative)
lyckliga (definite positive)
lyckligare (comparative definite)
lyckligaste (definite superlative)

lycka + -lig. Similar to Danish lykkelig and Norwegian Nynorsk lukkeleg. Compare also Yiddish גליקלעך (gliklekh) and German glücklich.

Abd-Elmumens efterträdare förde lyckliga krig emot de kristna i Spanien.

Abd al-Mu'min's successor waged successful wars against Christians in Spain.

(obsolete) successful (whether by chance or not)


præsent

Wed så beskaffade omständigheter hemställes Eders Excellences egit gunstiga och benägnaste omdömme, om icke iag, som uti mångahanda måtto är Eders Excellence så högt förplicktat, utan at bryta Eders Excellence emot, tör lämna den anseenlige præsent som Eders Excellence mig så oförskylt offererar, oemottagen, medan iag måste tilstå mig densamma aldeles intet hafva förtient.

1859, Karl Gustaf von Brinkman, Handlingar ur v. Brinkman’ska archivet på Trolle-Ljungby. Första delen, page 230

Under such circumstances, Your Excellency's own favorable and most inclined judgment is returned, if not I, who in many ways is so highly obliged to Your Excellency, without violating Your Excellency, dare to leave the considerable gift which Your Excellency so unapologetically offers me, unaccepted, while I must confess to myself that I have deserved absolutely nothing.

Obsolete form of present (“gift, present”).


båden

(obsolete) second-person plural present indicative

inflection of båda:
second-person plural present indicative


fröken

fröken (indefinite nominative singular)
fröken (definite nominative singular)
fröknar (indefinite nominative plural)
fröknarna (definite nominative plural)
frökens (genitive indefinite singular)
frökens (definite genitive singular)
fröknars (genitive indefinite plural)
fröknarnas (definite genitive plural)

Inherited from Old Swedish fröken, from Middle Low German vröuken, vrouwicken, diminutive of vrûwe, vrouwe (“woman, lady”), from Old Saxon frūa, from Proto-West Germanic *frauwjā.


tjod

From Old Norse þjóð (“people, nation”), from Proto-Germanic *þeudō, from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂ (“tribe”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰 (þiuda) and Icelandic þjóð.


värja

värja (indefinite nominative singular)
värjan (definite nominative singular)
värjor (indefinite nominative plural)
värjorna (definite nominative plural)
värjas (genitive indefinite singular)
värjans (definite genitive singular)
värjors (genitive indefinite plural)
värjornas (definite genitive plural)

Inherited from Old Swedish væria, from Old Norse verja, from Proto-Germanic *warjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wer-, *(e)werwǝ-.
As noun; according to SO attested since c. 1452 via Karlskrönikan. Narrowed into rapier and weapon sense since late 17th century.
As verb; according to SO attested since late 13th century via the Westrogothic law.

(obsolete) An object, construction or similar that is made to protect or defend.


kåt

kåt (comparative kåtare, superlative kåtast)

kåtare (comparative)
kåtast (superlative)
kåt (common-gender indefinite positive singular)
kåtare (common-gender comparative indefinite singular)
kåtast (common-gender indefinite singular superlative)
kåt (indefinite neuter positive singular)
kåtare (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
kåtast (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
kåta (indefinite plural positive)
kåtare (comparative indefinite plural)
kåtast (indefinite plural superlative)
kåte (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
kåtare (archaic comparative indefinite masculine plural)
kåtast (archaic indefinite masculine plural superlative)
kåte (definite masculine positive singular)
kåtare (comparative definite masculine singular)
kåtaste (definite masculine singular superlative)
kåta (definite positive)
kåtare (comparative definite)
kåtaste (definite superlative)

From Old Swedish kāter, from Old Norse kátr, from Proto-Germanic *kanhtaz. Cognate with Danish kåd, Norwegian Bokmål kåt and Norwegian Nynorsk kåt. Possibly also related to Latin gaudeō (“I rejoice”).

(obsolete) (excessively) full of vitality, lively, giddy


Naemi

Obsolete form of Noomi.(as a biblical character)


bulevard

bulevard (indefinite nominative singular)
bulevarden (definite nominative singular)
bulevarder (indefinite nominative plural)
bulevarderna (definite nominative plural)
bulevards (genitive indefinite singular)
bulevardens (definite genitive singular)
bulevarders (genitive indefinite plural)
bulevardernas (definite genitive plural)


skör

skör (comparative skörare, superlative skörast)

skörare (comparative)
skörast (superlative)
skör (common-gender indefinite positive singular)
skörare (common-gender comparative indefinite singular)
skörast (common-gender indefinite singular superlative)
skört (indefinite neuter positive singular)
skörare (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
skörast (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
sköra (indefinite plural positive)
skörare (comparative indefinite plural)
skörast (indefinite plural superlative)
sköre (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
skörare (archaic comparative indefinite masculine plural)
skörast (archaic indefinite masculine plural superlative)
sköre (definite masculine positive singular)
skörare (comparative definite masculine singular)
sköraste (definite masculine singular superlative)
sköra (definite positive)
skörare (comparative definite)
sköraste (definite superlative)

From Old Swedish skør, skyr, from Low German schör (“weak, fragile”), possibly from Proto-Germanic *skuriz, derived from the verb *skeraną (“to cut”). Compare Norwegian Nynorsk skjør.

(obsolete) sexually immoral (from notion of easily giving in to temptation), lecherous, wanton, unchaste


syssling

syssling (indefinite nominative singular)
sysslingen (definite nominative singular)
sysslingar (indefinite nominative plural)
sysslingarna (definite nominative plural)
sysslings (genitive indefinite singular)
sysslingens (definite genitive singular)
sysslingars (genitive indefinite plural)
sysslingarnas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish systlinger, systlunger (“mother’s niece or nephew”), from syster (“sister”) + -linger. When the word kusin was borrowed from French, the words syssling and brylling underwent a semantic shift from ”cousin” to ”second cousin” and ”third cousin”, respectively.

inh

(obsolete) the mother's niece, cousin on the mother's side


ledamot

ledamot (indefinite nominative singular)
ledamoten (definite nominative singular)
ledamöter (indefinite nominative plural)
ledamöterna (definite nominative plural)
ledamots (genitive indefinite singular)
ledamotens (definite genitive singular)
ledamöters (genitive indefinite plural)
ledamöternas (definite genitive plural)

Inherited from Old Swedish lidhamot, compare older Danish ledemod and Old Norse liðamót (“joints”). Compound of led (“limb”) + -a- + mot (“meeting point”).
In limb sense; according to SAOB attested since 1526. In member sense; according to SAOB attested since 1547.

com+

RYGGRADSDJUREN eller (som de ock kallas) Bendjuren (Animalia vertebrata) ha […] alla kroppsdelarne motsvariga eller symmetriska; aldrig flere än 4 ledamöter eller s. k. extremiteter; alltid rödt blod ock skilda kön m.m.

1837, Anders Gustaf Dahlbom, “Inledning”, in Kort underrättelse om skandinaviska insekters allmännare skada och nytta i hushållningen. En handbok för landtbrukare och naturforskare., pages i–ii

THE SPINE ANIMALS or (as they are also called) The Vertebrates (Animalia vertebrata) have […] all body parts corresponding or symmetrical; never more than 4 limbs or so-called extremities; always red blood and different sexes etc.


besökare

besökare (indefinite nominative singular)
besökaren (definite nominative singular)
besökare (indefinite nominative plural)
besökarna (definite nominative plural)
besökares (genitive indefinite singular)
besökarens (definite genitive singular)
besökares (genitive indefinite plural)
besökarnas (definite genitive plural)

Det är, tänkte jag, de stackars besökarnes skyldighet, att vara de resandes pest och plåga, och denne har varit min, på det höfligaste vis i verlden.

1829 – 1831, Fredrika Bremer, Teckningar utur hvardagslifvet

It is, I thought, the duty of the poor customs agents, to be the plague and torment of the travelers, and this one has been mine, in the politest way in the world.

(obsolete) customs agent, customs inspector


glav

From Old Swedish glaven (glaffwin, glawan) n, m, glavene n, variant of glävia, glafwia, glafwa f, from Middle Low German glave, gleve, glevie, obl. & pl. glaven, from Old French glaive (“lance,”) from Latin gladius (“sword”); possibly of Celtic origin.
Compare Danish glavind, Icelandic glefja, English glaive.


Mamsell

(obsolete) unmarried woman, young lady, miss


tagen

inflection of ta:
second-person plural present indicative


älf

älf (indefinite nominative singular)
älfven (definite nominative singular)
älfvar (indefinite nominative plural)
älfvarna (definite nominative plural)
älfs (genitive indefinite singular)
älfvens (definite genitive singular)
älfvars (genitive indefinite plural)
älfvarnas (definite genitive plural)


bebåden

inflection of bebåda:
second-person plural present indicative


sjungom

(obsolete) first-person plural present indicative

inflection of sjunga:
first-person plural present indicative

(obsolete) first-person plural imperative

inflection of sjunga:
first-person plural imperative


skåden

inflection of skåda:
second-person plural present indicative


förmenen

inflection of förmena:
second-person plural present indicative


uppfyllen

inflection of uppfylla:
second-person plural present indicative


rädden

inflection of rädda:
second-person plural present indicative


flyn

inflection of fly:
second-person plural present indicative


föröken

inflection of föröka:
second-person plural present indicative


låten

inflection of låta:
second-person plural present indicative


fån

From Old Swedish fāne, from Old Norse fáni (“vain person, swaggerer”), but of unknown ultimate origin. Related to middle Danish fåne (“fool”). Perhaps related to or influenced by fjäll (“rock, cliff, mountain”). Compare also English fumble, Norwegian Nynorsk fomme (“clumsy fool”).
Possibly loaned into English, compare fun, fond.

unk

unknown

inflection of få:
second-person plural present indicative


bliven

inflection of bli:
second-person plural present indicative


palatserna

Obsolete form of palatsen, definite plural of palats


frukten

inflection of frukta:
second-person plural present indicative


spyn

inflection of spy:
second-person plural present indicative


fresk

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


fresk

Obsolete form of frisk (“healthy; fresh”).


gifva

head

gifva (present gifver, preterite gaf, supine gifvit, imperative gif)

gifver (present)
gaf (preterite)
gifvit (supine)
gif (imperative)
gifva (active infinitive)
gifvas (infinitive passive)
gifvit (active supine)
gifvits (passive supine)
gif (active imperative)
gifven (active archaic imperative plural)
gifver (active indicative present)
gaf (active indicative past)
gifs (indicative passive present)
gifves (indicative passive present)
gafs (indicative passive past)
gifva (active archaic indicative plural present)
gåfvo (active archaic indicative past plural)
gifvas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
gåfvos (archaic indicative passive past plural)
gifve (active dated present subjunctive)
gåfve (active dated past subjunctive)
gifves (dated passive present subjunctive)
gåfves (dated passive past subjunctive)
gifvande (participle present)
gifven (participle past)


gån

inflection of gå:
second-person plural present indicative


celter

Obsolete spelling of kelter., indefinite plural of celt


ånger

From Old Norse ǫngr, with the same Proto-Germanic source as eng, from Old High German engi, from Proto-Germanic *anguz.
Possible introduced into Swedish by west Norse influence.

Ångermanland (province in northern Sweden

Njutånger (place name in the province of Hälsingland, northern Sweden - "Fjord of the Niuta" [old name of Nianån, cf. Övernjöte])

Enånger (place name in the province of Hälsingland, northern Sweden)

(obsolete, in place names) fjord, narrow arm of the sea, A firth.


drifva

drifva (present drifver, preterite dref, supine drifvit, imperative drif)

drifver (present)
dref (preterite)
drifvit (supine)
drif (imperative)


blifva

blifva (present blifver, preterite blef, supine blifvit, imperative blif)

blifver (present)
blef (preterite)
blifvit (supine)
blif (imperative)


hafva

hafva (present hafver, preterite hade, supine haft, imperative haf)

hafver (present)
hade (preterite)
haft (supine)
haf (imperative)
hafva (active infinitive)
hafvas (infinitive passive)
haft (active supine)
hafts (passive supine)
haf (active imperative)
hafven (active archaic imperative plural)
hafver (active indicative present)
hade (active indicative past)
hafs (indicative passive present)
hafves (indicative passive present)
hades (indicative passive past)
hafva (active archaic indicative plural present)
hade (active archaic indicative past plural)
hafvas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
hades (archaic indicative passive past plural)
hafe (active dated present subjunctive)
hade (active dated past subjunctive)
hafes (dated passive present subjunctive)
hades (dated passive past subjunctive)
hafvande (participle present)
hafd (participle past)

Obsolete spelling of hava., later substituted by ha after apocope


jämnad

From Old Swedish iæmnaþer, from Old Norse jafnaðr.

(obsolete) the act of smoothing something out, of removing inequalities


skoja

skoja (present skojar, preterite skojade, supine skojat, imperative skoja)

skojar (present)
skojade (preterite)
skojat (supine)
skoja (imperative)
skoja (active infinitive)
skojat (active supine)
skoja (active imperative)
skojen (active archaic imperative plural)
skojar (active indicative present)
skojade (active indicative past)
skoja (active archaic indicative plural present)
skojade (active archaic indicative past plural)
skoje (active dated present subjunctive)
skojade (active dated past subjunctive)
skojande (participle present)

Cognate with Danish skøje, from Dutch schooien, used in Swedish since 1766

Ziguenarfolket … skoja kring landet

(obsolete) to travel around in freedom without a plan or profession, to run around in a playful manner, to fool around


kräfta

kräfta (indefinite nominative singular)
kräftan (definite nominative singular)
kräftor (indefinite nominative plural)
kräftorna (definite nominative plural)
kräftas (genitive indefinite singular)
kräftans (definite genitive singular)
kräftors (genitive indefinite plural)
kräftornas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish krævet, from Old Saxon krevit, from Proto-West Germanic *krabit.

Och theras taal fräter om kring sigh såsom Kreffuetan. Jbland huilka är Hymeneus och Philetus /[…]
(pre-1906 spelling) Och deras tal fräter omkring sig, såsom kräfvetan; ibland hvilka är Hymeneus och Philetus; […]

1541, Gustav Vasa Bible, II Timothy, 2:17

And their word will eat as doth a canker: of whom is Hymenaeus and Philetus; […]


hemslöjd

hemslöjd (indefinite nominative uncountable)
hemslöjden (definite nominative uncountable)
hemslöjds (genitive indefinite uncountable)
hemslöjdens (definite genitive uncountable)


gäng

Inherited from Old Swedish gänger, from Old Norse gengr, from Proto-Germanic *gangiz. Compare Icelandic gengr, Norwegian Nynorsk gjeng and Danish gæng.


præsident

[…], den samma skal sigh först hoos Commercie Præsidenten och sädan för samptelige Magistraten och Rådet præsentera, och skal der tilbörligen förhördh blifwa om sitt förriga förhållande, […]

1882, Wilhelm Berg, Samlingar till Göteborgs Historia. I, Kulturhistoriska skildringar, page 92

[…] , the same shall first present themselves to the President of Commerce and then to all the Magistrates and the Council, and shall be duly interrogated about his previous relationship, […]

obsolete typography of president (“president; chairman”)


lemna

lemna (present lemnar, preterite lemnade, supine lemnat, imperative lemna)

lemnar (present)
lemnade (preterite)
lemnat (supine)
lemna (imperative)
lemna (active infinitive)
lemnas (infinitive passive)
lemnat (active supine)
lemnats (passive supine)
lemna (active imperative)
lemnen (active archaic imperative plural)
lemnar (active indicative present)
lemnade (active indicative past)
lemnas (indicative passive present)
lemnades (indicative passive past)
lemna (active archaic indicative plural present)
lemnade (active archaic indicative past plural)
lemnas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
lemnades (archaic indicative passive past plural)
lemne (active dated present subjunctive)
lemnade (active dated past subjunctive)
lemnes (dated passive present subjunctive)
lemnades (dated passive past subjunctive)
lemnande (participle present)
lemnad (participle past)


qvalitet

qvalitet (indefinite nominative singular)
qvaliteten (definite nominative singular)
qvaliteter (indefinite nominative plural)
qvaliteterna (definite nominative plural)
qvalitets (genitive indefinite singular)
qvalitetens (definite genitive singular)
qvaliteters (genitive indefinite plural)
qvaliteternas (definite genitive plural)


qväll

qväll (indefinite nominative singular)
qvällen (definite nominative singular)
qvällar (indefinite nominative plural)
qvällarna (definite nominative plural)
qvälls (genitive indefinite singular)
qvällens (definite genitive singular)
qvällars (genitive indefinite plural)
qvällarnas (definite genitive plural)


præsentera

[…], uthi så stoor qvantum att thenna Cassan inthe kan fournera bethalningen, ock som inthe sådan lägenheett tordhe præsentera Sigh på andra stellen om slicke wahrorss anskaffandhe, […]

1703 November 9, Carl Gustav Rehnskiöld, edited by August Quennerstedt, Bref &c. från Rehnsköld till Carl XII 1703–1715, published 1916, page 37

[…] , in such a large quantity that this coffer cannot provide the payment, and as such situation would not present itself in other places about the procurement of such goods, […]

[…], jag hafwer nu den ähran at här præsentera i denna helt och hållit Swenska Cavallieren, tillika min Cousin och min Rival,[…]

1740, Carl Gyllenborg, Svenska Sprätthöken, page 29

[…] , I now have the honor to present here in this completely Swedish cavalier, also my Cousin and my Rival, […]

obsolete typography of presentera (“present”)


resebyrå

resebyrå (indefinite nominative singular)
resebyrån (definite nominative singular)
resebyråer (indefinite nominative plural)
resebyråerna (definite nominative plural)
resebyrås (genitive indefinite singular)
resebyråns (definite genitive singular)
resebyråers (genitive indefinite plural)
resebyråernas (definite genitive plural)
resebyrå (indefinite nominative singular)
resebyrån (definite nominative singular)
resebyråar (indefinite nominative plural)
resebyråarna (definite nominative plural)
resebyrås (genitive indefinite singular)
resebyråns (definite genitive singular)
resebyråars (genitive indefinite plural)
resebyråarnas (definite genitive plural)

resa (“to travel”) + byrå (“bureau, office, agency”); used in Swedish of furniture since 1766, used of agencies since 1894

compound

(obsolete, furniture) a small chest of drawers for use when travelling


förtöva

head

förtöva (present förtövar, preterite förtövade, supine förtövat, imperative förtöva)

förtövar (present)
förtövade (preterite)
förtövat (supine)
förtöva (imperative)
förtöva (active infinitive)
förtövas (infinitive passive)
förtövat (active supine)
förtövats (passive supine)
förtöva (active imperative)
förtöven (active archaic imperative plural)
förtövar (active indicative present)
förtövade (active indicative past)
förtövas (indicative passive present)
förtövades (indicative passive past)
förtöva (active archaic indicative plural present)
förtövade (active archaic indicative past plural)
förtövas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
förtövades (archaic indicative passive past plural)
förtöve (active dated present subjunctive)
förtövade (active dated past subjunctive)
förtöves (dated passive present subjunctive)
förtövades (dated passive past subjunctive)
förtövande (participle present)
förtövad (participle past)

för- + töva, cognate with Old Swedish fortöva, from Middle Low German vortoven (delay, wait, obstruct)

der

(obsolete) to delay, to linger, to postpone


segelbar

segelbar (common-gender indefinite positive singular)
segelbart (indefinite neuter positive singular)
segelbara (indefinite plural positive)
segelbare (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
segelbare (definite masculine positive singular)
segelbara (definite positive)

segla + -bar, used in Swedish since 1747.

(obsolete) (of ships) navigable, seaworthy, steerable (that are in a useful condition)

(obsolete) (of weather) useful for sailing


kontrahera

head

kontrahera (present kontraherar, preterite kontraherade, supine kontraherat, imperative kontrahera)

kontraherar (present)
kontraherade (preterite)
kontraherat (supine)
kontrahera (imperative)
kontrahera (active infinitive)
kontraheras (infinitive passive)
kontraherat (active supine)
kontraherats (passive supine)
kontrahera (active imperative)
kontraheren (active archaic imperative plural)
kontraherar (active indicative present)
kontraherade (active indicative past)
kontraheras (indicative passive present)
kontraherades (indicative passive past)
kontrahera (active archaic indicative plural present)
kontraherade (active archaic indicative past plural)
kontraheras (archaic indicative passive plural present)
kontraherades (archaic indicative passive past plural)
kontrahere (active dated present subjunctive)
kontraherade (active dated past subjunctive)
kontraheres (dated passive present subjunctive)
kontraherades (dated passive past subjunctive)
kontraherande (participle present)
kontraherad (participle past)

Cognate with German kontrahieren, from Latin contrahere (to contract), used in Swedish since 1633.

(obsolete, medicine) to contract, to acquire (an illness)


ifrågasätta

ifrågasätta (present ifrågasätter, preterite ifrågasatte, supine ifrågasatt, imperative ifrågasätt)

ifrågasätter (present)
ifrågasatte (preterite)
ifrågasatt (supine)
ifrågasätt (imperative)
ifrågasätta (active infinitive)
ifrågasättas (infinitive passive)
ifrågasatt (active supine)
ifrågasatts (passive supine)
ifrågasätt (active imperative)
ifrågasätten (active archaic imperative plural)
ifrågasätter (active indicative present)
ifrågasatte (active indicative past)
ifrågasätts (indicative passive present)
ifrågasättes (indicative passive present)
ifrågasattes (indicative passive past)
ifrågasätta (active archaic indicative plural present)
ifrågasatte (active archaic indicative past plural)
ifrågasättas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
ifrågasattes (archaic indicative passive past plural)
ifrågasätte (active dated present subjunctive)
ifrågasatte (active dated past subjunctive)
ifrågasättes (dated passive present subjunctive)
ifrågasattes (dated passive past subjunctive)
ifrågasättande (participle present)
ifrågasatt (participle past)

i + fråga + sätta, cognate with German in Frage stellen, used in Swedish since 1792.

I Frankrike, där socialisten Millerand nu ej vågar ifrågasätta mer än att stadga 11 timmars arbete för såväl män och kvinnor som barn

In France, where the socialist Millerand now doesn't dare to propose more than to legislate 11-hour workdays for men, women and children

»Ordbok öfver svenska språket, utgifven af Svenska akademien», har, som bekant, i lång tid varit ifrågasatt och vidlyftiga förarbeten härtill ha också sett dagens ljus, fastän man icke förr än år 1893 framlagt något avgörande resultat.

The Dictionary of the Swedish Language, published by the Swedish Academy, has as we know long been proposed and extensive preparations hereto have also seen the light of day, although it was not until 1893 that any decisive results were presented.

(rare, obsolescent) to propose, to raise as an issue, to put on the agenda


hållning

hållning (indefinite nominative singular)
hållningen (definite nominative singular)
hållningar (indefinite nominative plural)
hållningarna (definite nominative plural)
hållnings (genitive indefinite singular)
hållningens (definite genitive singular)
hållningars (genitive indefinite plural)
hållningarnas (definite genitive plural)

hålla + -ning, cognate with Danish holdning, German Haltung

(obsolete) maintenance, support, funding (obsolete, except in compounds, e.g. väghållning)


låssmed

låssmed (indefinite nominative singular)
låssmeden (definite nominative singular)
låssmeder (indefinite nominative plural)
låssmederna (definite nominative plural)
låssmeds (genitive indefinite singular)
låssmedens (definite genitive singular)
låssmeders (genitive indefinite plural)
låssmedernas (definite genitive plural)

lås + smed, from Old Swedish lasasmidher.

(obsolete, military) a craftsman who manufactures and repairs triggers for handguns and rifles


avträde

avträde (indefinite nominative singular)
avträdet (definite nominative singular)
avträden (indefinite nominative plural)
avträdena (definite nominative plural)
avträdes (genitive indefinite singular)
avträdets (definite genitive singular)
avträdens (genitive indefinite plural)
avträdenas (definite genitive plural)

A noun based on the verb avträda (“to leave, to depart”), cognate with Middle Low German aftrede. Used in the sense of a private place for retreat (i.e. an outhouse) since 1730. In order to avoid misunderstandings, the other senses have become less common and eventually obsolete.

(obsolete) a departure (from service or ownership), a retreat (from a battle), a damage (a payment for ending a conflict)


dhen

The dh represents a voiced dental fricative, the same as in English that. Compare, then, another obsolete spelling of the same word.


angelolatri

angelolatri (indefinite nominative uncountable)
angelolatrin (definite nominative uncountable)
angelolatris (genitive indefinite uncountable)
angelolatrins (definite genitive uncountable)

From Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́γγελος (ángelos) and λᾰτρείᾱ (latreíā).

(obsolete) angelolatry, worship of angels


allmänning

allmänning (indefinite nominative singular)
allmänningen (definite nominative singular)
allmänningar (indefinite nominative plural)
allmänningarna (definite nominative plural)
allmännings (genitive indefinite singular)
allmänningens (definite genitive singular)
allmänningars (genitive indefinite plural)
allmänningarnas (definite genitive plural)

(obsolete) the people (in a certain area), peasantry


Grusien

Men sedan Ryssland 1801 tagit Grusien i besittning, måste det söka förvärfva äfven Dagestan, som skilde Grusien från Ryssland samt försvårade och hotade förbindelsen mellan båda länderna.

But since Russia in 1801 had occupied Georgia, it must seek to acquire also Dagestan, which separated Georgia from Russia and obstructed and risked the connection between the two countries.

(obsolete) Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)


gyger

From Old Norse gýgr. Possibly related to Sanskrit गुहति (gúhati, “he hides”).

(obsolete, Norse mythology) female jotun; female giant


kriminalist

kriminalist (indefinite nominative singular)
kriminalisten (definite nominative singular)
kriminalister (indefinite nominative plural)
kriminalisterna (definite nominative plural)
kriminalists (genitive indefinite singular)
kriminalistens (definite genitive singular)
kriminalisters (genitive indefinite plural)
kriminalisternas (definite genitive plural)

kriminal- (“crime”) + -ist (“-ist”). Cognate with English criminalist, French criminaliste, German Kriminalist and Latin criminalis.

§ 32. Som tå mer än halfwa bewijs äro emot en criminalist, han ej kan af domaren aldeles befrias, så måste saken lemnas till framtiden [...]
§ 32. As when more than half the evidence is against a criminal, he can not be completely acquitted by the judge, so the case must be left to the future …

1734 August 17, “Anmärkningar mot förslaget till Rättegångsbalk vid 1734 års riksdag”, in Förarbetena till Sveriges rikes lag 8


huruväl

huru + väl, used since 1650, cognate with Danish hvorvel.


hvässa

hvässa (present hvässar, preterite hvässade, supine hvässat, imperative hvässa)

hvässar (present)
hvässade (preterite)
hvässat (supine)
hvässa (imperative)
hvässa (active infinitive)
hvässas (infinitive passive)
hvässat (active supine)
hvässats (passive supine)
hvässa (active imperative)
hvässen (active archaic imperative plural)
hvässar (active indicative present)
hvässade (active indicative past)
hvässas (indicative passive present)
hvässades (indicative passive past)
hvässa (active archaic indicative plural present)
hvässade (active archaic indicative past plural)
hvässas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
hvässades (archaic indicative passive past plural)
hvässe (active dated present subjunctive)
hvässade (active dated past subjunctive)
hvässes (dated passive present subjunctive)
hvässades (dated passive past subjunctive)
hvässande (participle present)
hvässad (participle past)


öfva

öfva (present öfvar, preterite öfvade, supine öfvat, imperative öfva)

öfvar (present)
öfvade (preterite)
öfvat (supine)
öfva (imperative)
öfva (active infinitive)
öfvas (infinitive passive)
öfvat (active supine)
öfvats (passive supine)
öfva (active imperative)
öfven (active archaic imperative plural)
öfvar (active indicative present)
öfvade (active indicative past)
öfvas (indicative passive present)
öfvades (indicative passive past)
öfva (active archaic indicative plural present)
öfvade (active archaic indicative past plural)
öfvas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
öfvades (archaic indicative passive past plural)
öfve (active dated present subjunctive)
öfvade (active dated past subjunctive)
öfves (dated passive present subjunctive)
öfvades (dated passive past subjunctive)
öfvande (participle present)
öfvad (participle past)


hvila

hvila (indefinite nominative singular)
hvilan (definite nominative singular)
hvilor (indefinite nominative plural)
hvilorna (definite nominative plural)
hvilas (genitive indefinite singular)
hvilans (definite genitive singular)
hvilors (genitive indefinite plural)
hvilornas (definite genitive plural)


hvila

hvila (present hvilar, preterite hvilade, supine hvilat, imperative hvila)

hvilar (present)
hvilade (preterite)
hvilat (supine)
hvila (imperative)
hvila (active infinitive)
hvilas (infinitive passive)
hvilat (active supine)
hvilats (passive supine)
hvila (active imperative)
hvilen (active archaic imperative plural)
hvilar (active indicative present)
hvilade (active indicative past)
hvilas (indicative passive present)
hvilades (indicative passive past)
hvila (active archaic indicative plural present)
hvilade (active archaic indicative past plural)
hvilas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
hvilades (archaic indicative passive past plural)
hvile (active dated present subjunctive)
hvilade (active dated past subjunctive)
hviles (dated passive present subjunctive)
hvilades (dated passive past subjunctive)
hvilande (participle present)
hvilad (participle past)


bäfva

bäfva (present bäfvar, preterite bäfvade, supine bäfvat, imperative bäfva)

bäfvar (present)
bäfvade (preterite)
bäfvat (supine)
bäfva (imperative)
bäfva (active infinitive)
bäfvas (infinitive passive)
bäfvat (active supine)
bäfvats (passive supine)
bäfva (active imperative)
bäfven (active archaic imperative plural)
bäfvar (active indicative present)
bäfvade (active indicative past)
bäfvas (indicative passive present)
bäfvades (indicative passive past)
bäfva (active archaic indicative plural present)
bäfvade (active archaic indicative past plural)
bäfvas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
bäfvades (archaic indicative passive past plural)
bäfve (active dated present subjunctive)
bäfvade (active dated past subjunctive)
bäfves (dated passive present subjunctive)
bäfvades (dated passive past subjunctive)
bäfvande (participle present)
bäfvad (participle past)


skrifva

skrifva (present skrifver, preterite skref, supine skrifvit, imperative skrif)

skrifver (present)
skref (preterite)
skrifvit (supine)
skrif (imperative)
skrifva (active infinitive)
skrifvas (infinitive passive)
skrifvit (active supine)
skrifvits (passive supine)
skrif (active imperative)
skrifven (active archaic imperative plural)
skrifver (active indicative present)
skref (active indicative past)
skrifs (indicative passive present)
skrifves (indicative passive present)
skrefs (indicative passive past)
skrifva (active archaic indicative plural present)
skrefvo (active archaic indicative past plural)
skrifvas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
skrefvos (archaic indicative passive past plural)
skrifve (active dated present subjunctive)
skrefve (active dated past subjunctive)
skrifves (dated passive present subjunctive)
skrefves (dated passive past subjunctive)
skrifvande (participle present)
skrifven (participle past)


stafva

stafva (present stafvar, preterite stafvade, supine stafvat, imperative stafva)

stafvar (present)
stafvade (preterite)
stafvat (supine)
stafva (imperative)
stafva (active infinitive)
stafvas (infinitive passive)
stafvat (active supine)
stafvats (passive supine)
stafva (active imperative)
stafven (active archaic imperative plural)
stafvar (active indicative present)
stafvade (active indicative past)
stafvas (indicative passive present)
stafvades (indicative passive past)
stafva (active archaic indicative plural present)
stafvade (active archaic indicative past plural)
stafvas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
stafvades (archaic indicative passive past plural)
stafve (active dated present subjunctive)
stafvade (active dated past subjunctive)
stafves (dated passive present subjunctive)
stafvades (dated passive past subjunctive)
stafvande (participle present)
stafvad (participle past)


häfva

häfva (present häfver, preterite häfde, supine häft, imperative häf)

häfver (present)
häfde (preterite)
häft (supine)
häf (imperative)


neologi

neologi (indefinite nominative uncountable)
neologin (definite nominative uncountable)
neologis (genitive indefinite uncountable)
neologins (definite genitive uncountable)

neo- (“new”) + -logi (“word, knowledge, teaching”), since 1797.

confix

(obsolete, linguistics) neology; the use of (or tendency or desire to use) new words (neologisms) in the language


hvarken

Obsolete spelling of varken (“neither”).


purken

head

purken (comparative purknare, superlative purknast)

purknare (comparative)
purknast (superlative)
purken (common-gender indefinite positive singular)
purknare (common-gender comparative indefinite singular)
purknast (common-gender indefinite singular superlative)
purket (indefinite neuter positive singular)
purknare (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
purknast (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
purkna (indefinite plural positive)
purknare (comparative indefinite plural)
purknast (indefinite plural superlative)
purkne (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
purknare (archaic comparative indefinite masculine plural)
purknast (archaic indefinite masculine plural superlative)
purkne (definite masculine positive singular)
purknare (comparative definite masculine singular)
purknaste (definite masculine singular superlative)
purkna (definite positive)
purknare (comparative definite)
purknaste (definite superlative)


deß

Denna har man welat giöra mer lämpelig til wår Nation och deß seder; Huru det har lyckatz, kan den Benägna Läsaren bäst dömma.

1740, Carl Gyllenborg, Svenska Sprätthöken, page III

This one has been intended to be made more suitable for our nation and its customs; how it has succeeded, the benevolent reader can best judge.

[…]; machinen är lättſkött och deß ſnabbhet kan utan ſwårighet ökas eller minſkas.

1865 November 8, “Landsvägslokomotiv [Road locomotive]”, in Barometern, page 1

[…] ; the machine is easy to use and its speed can be increased or decreased without difficulty.

[…] och då skall J få bli qwar i Stockholm, til deß måßan wäxer på Er, för Juncker Torbiörn.
[…] and then You will stay in Stockholm, until moss grows on you, for Juncker Torbiörn.

1740, Carl Gyllenborg, Swenska Sprätthöken, Comédie, Uti 5. Acter, page 40

Obsolete typography of dess (“at a specific time”).

Som min Moder ännu war ung, wacker, rik och af ypperlig härkomst, ändades knapt Enko-året förr, än friare sig infunno; men kärleken hon hade haft för min Far, och den ömhet hon bar för min Syster och mig, såsom käre panter af deß Mans åminnelse, woro för kraftige skäl i hennes sinne för at lyßna på friare-språken.

1780, Hans Gustaf Rålamb, edited by Mats Malm, Swensk Adelsmans Äfwentyr, published 2001, pages 5–6

As my Mother was yet young, fair, wealthy, and of noble descent, scarce had the widow's year ended ere suitors presented themselves; but the love she had borne my Father, and the tenderness she felt for my Sister and me, as dear pledges of her Husband's memory, were too powerful reasons in her mind to hearken to the suitors' addresses.

Oͤfwerſf. och Ridd. Cocks ſkrift; – Capit. Bergenſtråles d:o med bif. Bouptekning efter deß afl. Fru C. M. Kanterberg, (Not. Collin): på Rådm. Lomells beſw.
Colonel and Knight Cock's writing; – Captain Bergenstråle's same with the attached inventory after his deceased wife, Mrs. C. M. Kanterberg, (Notary Collin): on Councilman Lomell's complaint.

1808 January 16, “Kongl. Maj:ts och Rikets Hoͤglofl. Goͤtha Hof-Raͤtts Dom [Royal Majesty's and the Nation's Most Honorable Göta Court of Appeal's Judgment]”, in Jönköpings Tidning, number 3, page 1

För att kunna åtkomma dylikt, wäl rätt artigt men föga räntegifwande kram, beslöt han, att, med en särdeles wäl försedd kaßa, resa till Danmarks hufwudstad, ungefär trettio mil aflägsen från deß födelseort Götheborg.

1831, Fredrik Cederborgh, Berättelse om […] John Hall, page 5

In order to be able to access such, indeed quite polite but hardly interest bearing hug, he decided, with a particularly well-stocked purse, to travel to Denmark's capital city, about thirty miles distant from their birthplace, Gothenburg.


rumpa

rumpa (indefinite nominative singular)
rumpan (definite nominative singular)
rumpor (indefinite nominative plural)
rumporna (definite nominative plural)
rumpas (genitive indefinite singular)
rumpans (definite genitive singular)
rumpors (genitive indefinite plural)
rumpornas (definite genitive plural)

Inherited from Old Swedish rumpa (“tail; buttocks”).


löje

löje (indefinite nominative singular)
löjet (definite nominative singular)
löjen (indefinite nominative plural)
löjena (definite nominative plural)
löjes (genitive indefinite singular)
löjets (definite genitive singular)
löjens (genitive indefinite plural)
löjenas (definite genitive plural)

Old Swedish löghe, from Old Norse hlœgi (“ridicule”), from Proto-Germanic *hlōgijaną (“to make laugh”), from Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną (“to laugh”). Compare Danish løjer, Icelandic hlægja.

der

le ett litet, svagt löje

smile slightly (faintly), give a slight (a faint; the ghost of a) smile

Dolly kunde med möda hålla tillbaka ett löje.

Tolstoy, Anna Karenina, part 1, chapter 28

Swedish lyrics 1821 by Bernhard Crusell to the aria Non più andrai, from Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro (1786); Italian libretto by Lorenzo Da Ponte

Bid farewell, little butterfly to joys / to flirtations, games and merriments.

Säg farväl, lilla fjäril, åt nöjen, / åt kurtiser, åt lekar och löjen!


hven

[…] i detta afseende närmare undersökta grässlag: ängskafle (Alopecurus pratensis L.), timotej (Phleum pratense L.), ängshafre (Avena pratensis L.), ängsgröe (Poa pratensis L.), betesgröe (P. trivialis L.), allmän hven (Agrostis vulgaris With.) […]

1895, Berättelse öfver skadeinsekters uppträdande i Finland ..., page 8

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Värdefull är äfven Agrostis alba, […]. Gröearterna böra tillsammans med hven bilda låggräsen, ängssvingeln det hufvudsakliga höggräset.

1897, Svenska mosskulturföreningens tidskrift, volumes 11-12, page 165

Obsolete spelling of ven (“bentgrass, grass of the genus Agrostis”).


nimma

head

nimma (present nimmer, preterite nam, supine nummit, imperative nim)

nimmer (present)
nam (preterite)
nummit (supine)
nim (imperative)
nimma (active infinitive)
nimmas (infinitive passive)
nummit (active supine)
nummits (passive supine)
nim (active imperative)
nimmen (active archaic imperative plural)
nimmer (active indicative present)
nam (active indicative past)
nims (indicative passive present)
nimmes (indicative passive present)
nams (indicative passive past)
nimma (active archaic indicative plural present)
nummo (active archaic indicative past plural)
nimmas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
nummos (archaic indicative passive past plural)
nimme (active dated present subjunctive)
numme (active dated past subjunctive)
nimmes (dated passive present subjunctive)
nummes (dated passive past subjunctive)
nimmande (participle present)
nummen (participle past)

From Old Norse nema, from Proto-Germanic *nemaną. Although this verb originally belonged to the class 4 of strong verbs, it has merged into class 3, possibly analogically to simma.

[…]Ty äplet hon nam/ aff ormsens hand/[…]

1571, Amund Laurentzson, “O HERRE Gudh j himmelrik”, in Then Swenska Psalmeboken, page 188

[…] For the apple she took, from the hand of the snake, […]


espan

espan (indefinite nominative singular)
espanen (definite nominative singular)
espaner (indefinite nominative plural)
espanerna (definite nominative plural)
espans (genitive indefinite singular)
espanens (definite genitive singular)
espaners (genitive indefinite plural)
espanernas (definite genitive plural)

From an Eastern Algonquian language (from Proto-Algonquian *e·hsepana), most likely Munsee é·span. Cognate to Dutch hespan and Jersey Dutch häspân.

1910, Fredr. Elfving & Georg Schauman (republ.), Pehr Kalms Resa till Norra Amerika, vol. 2, Tidnings- & Tryckeri-aktiebolagets Tryckeri, 136.
Der rökte ur des korsten, när Hjortar, Miockar, Espanar och Bäfrar om ljusa dagen hade deras hviloställen på Philadelphiæ torg, gator, Kyrkogårdar och tomter: jag menar, på de ställen, der innom kårt tid prägtiga byggningar skulle upstiga.

Hemvid skjuta de föga mer än vad de till uppehällebehöva, och bry sig intet om särdeles förråd utan när det fattas, löper han ut en stund i det allmänna visthuset i skogen och vattnet så har han strax en hjort, en kalkon, en espan, en björn eller annat eller går till nästa vatten och fiskar.

1937, Albin Widén, Svenskar som erövrat Amerika, Nordisk Rotogravyr, 151

1962, Per Lindeström, Resa till Nya Sverige, 105, quoted in Eiken Friedrichsen, "Per Lindeströms Geographia Americae", Tijdschrift voor Scandinavistiek, volume 28 (2007), issue 1.
Store lejon, dock släte, björnar, becksvarte store och grymme, drakar, vildsvin, vargar, kattloer, hildringar, vildkattor, elgar, fiskare, espaner, minkar, fyrfoter, bävrar, uttrar, hästar, oxar, kor, hjortar och hinner överflödigt; rävar issprängde och svarte landskillpaddor, dessmanskattor brune store, sköne till foder; harar, getter, ickornar.

(obsolete, Swedish North American colonies) raccoon


trå

From Old Norse þrá, from Proto-Germanic *þrawō (“longing, suffering”).


pain riche

Borrowed from French pain riche (literally “rich bread”), attested since 1884 in Swedish. Attested in French since the 1860s, but became obsolete in French in the early 20th century. Often incorrectly said to be a uniquely Swedish formation from French constituent words (a pseudo-Gallicism).

bor+

Coordinate term: pain ordinaire

Pain ordinaire (vanligt Matbröd) pr kilogram 40 öre.
Pain riche (finaste Matbröd) pr kilogram 70 öre.
Pain ordinaire (regular Bread) per kilogram 40 öre.
Pain riche (finest Bread) per kilogram 70 öre.

1884 March 18, “Nytt brödslag [New Bread-type]”, in Stockholms Dagblad


jämnställa

head

jämnställa (present jämnställer, preterite jämnställde, supine jämnställt, imperative jämnställ)

jämnställer (present)
jämnställde (preterite)
jämnställt (supine)
jämnställ (imperative)
jämnställa (active infinitive)
jämnställas (infinitive passive)
jämnställt (active supine)
jämnställts (passive supine)
jämnställ (active imperative)
jämnställen (active archaic imperative plural)
jämnställer (active indicative present)
jämnställde (active indicative past)
jämnställs (indicative passive present)
jämnställes (indicative passive present)
jämnställdes (indicative passive past)
jämnställa (active archaic indicative plural present)
jämnställde (active archaic indicative past plural)
jämnställas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
jämnställdes (archaic indicative passive past plural)
jämnställe (active dated present subjunctive)
jämnställde (active dated past subjunctive)
jämnställes (dated passive present subjunctive)
jämnställdes (dated passive past subjunctive)
jämnställande (participle present)
jämnställd (participle past)


Svea rike

(obsolete) Swedes' kingdom (referring to the North Germanic tribe, often in contrast with the Geats)


hafwa

hafwa (present hafwer, preterite hafde, supine haft, imperative haf)

hafwer (present)
hafde (preterite)
haft (supine)
haf (imperative)


högsvenska

högsvenska (indefinite nominative uncountable)
högsvenskan (definite nominative uncountable)
högsvenskas (genitive indefinite uncountable)
högsvenskans (definite genitive uncountable)

Compound of hög (“high”) + svenska (“Swedish”), compare Hochdeutsch and høgnorsk.


boffa

boffa (present boffar, preterite boffade, supine boffat, imperative boffa)

boffar (present)
boffade (preterite)
boffat (supine)
boffa (imperative)
boffa (active infinitive)
boffas (infinitive passive)
boffat (active supine)
boffats (passive supine)
boffa (active imperative)
boffen (active archaic imperative plural)
boffar (active indicative present)
boffade (active indicative past)
boffas (indicative passive present)
boffades (indicative passive past)
boffa (active archaic indicative plural present)
boffade (active archaic indicative past plural)
boffas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
boffades (archaic indicative passive past plural)
boffe (active dated present subjunctive)
boffade (active dated past subjunctive)
boffes (dated passive present subjunctive)
boffades (dated passive past subjunctive)
boffande (participle present)
boffad (participle past)


förklena

förklena (present förklenar, preterite förklenade, supine förklenat, imperative förklena)

förklenar (present)
förklenade (preterite)
förklenat (supine)
förklena (imperative)
förklena (active infinitive)
förklenas (infinitive passive)
förklenat (active supine)
förklenats (passive supine)
förklena (active imperative)
förklenen (active archaic imperative plural)
förklenar (active indicative present)
förklenade (active indicative past)
förklenas (indicative passive present)
förklenades (indicative passive past)
förklena (active archaic indicative plural present)
förklenade (active archaic indicative past plural)
förklenas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
förklenades (archaic indicative passive past plural)
förklene (active dated present subjunctive)
förklenade (active dated past subjunctive)
förklenes (dated passive present subjunctive)
förklenades (dated passive past subjunctive)
förklenande (participle present)
förklenad (participle past)

From Middle Low German vorklênen, vorklenen. By surface analysis, för- + klen + -a.
Cognate with Danish forkleine, German verkleinern.


PBU

Psykisk barn- och ungdomsvård
Psykisk barn- och ungdomsvård#Swedish

(obsolete, seldom used) Abbreviation of Psykisk barn- och ungdomsvård (“Psychic child and adolescent care”).


tabberas

tabberas (indefinite nominative singular)
tabberaset (definite nominative singular)
tabberas (indefinite nominative plural)
tabberasen (definite nominative plural)
tabberas (genitive indefinite singular)
tabberasets (definite genitive singular)
tabberas (genitive indefinite plural)
tabberasens (definite genitive plural)

Borrowed from French table rase, derived from Latin tabula rasa, with the spelling changed to suit the French-style pronunciation.

(obsolete, 19th to 20th century) Complete and total destruction, devastation.


långschal

långschal (indefinite nominative singular)
långschalen (definite nominative singular)
långschalar (indefinite nominative plural)
långschalarna (definite nominative plural)
långschals (genitive indefinite singular)
långschalens (definite genitive singular)
långschalars (genitive indefinite plural)
långschalarnas (definite genitive plural)

(obsolete, numismatics) a 100 riksdaler banco banknote


sofva

sofva (present sofver, preterite sof, supine sofvit, imperative sof)

sofver (present)
sof (preterite)
sofvit (supine)
sof (imperative)


plugghäst

plugghäst (indefinite nominative singular)
plugghästen (definite nominative singular)
plugghästar (indefinite nominative plural)
plugghästarna (definite nominative plural)
plugghästs (genitive indefinite singular)
plugghästens (definite genitive singular)
plugghästars (genitive indefinite plural)
plugghästarnas (definite genitive plural)

(18th century) a type of library chair that has existed since the 12th century which you straddle turned to a folding tabletop where the book is located.


öfversättning

öfversättning (indefinite nominative singular)
öfversättningen (definite nominative singular)
öfversättningar (indefinite nominative plural)
öfversättningarna (definite nominative plural)
öfversättnings (genitive indefinite singular)
öfversättningens (definite genitive singular)
öfversättningars (genitive indefinite plural)
öfversättningarnas (definite genitive plural)


Ulimaroa

Coined by Swedish geographer Daniel Djurberg in 1776 in his Geografi, Sammandragen utur de Nyste och Tilförliteligaste Auctorer (‘Geography, Summaries of the Newest and Most Comprehensive Authors'), adapted from a (by Djurberg) alleged Māori word for Australia, Olhemaroa, which is mentioned in John Hawkesworth's 1773 rendition of James Cook's first voyage (1768–1771).
The ultimate origin is uncertain, but the origin of Ulimaroa is most likely Tahitian 'o, the Tahitian article for proper names + Maori Rimaroa (“long arm/hand”), referring to a long narrow island, most likely to Grand Terre of New Caledonia, from Maori *rima (< Proto-Austronesian *lima) + Maori roa (“long”) (< Proto-Polynesian *loa), cf. the ending in e.g. Aotearoa (“long white cloud, New Zealand”).
The word was transmitted to the English via the Tahitian-speaking priest, chief and navigator Tupa'ia from Raiatea in Tahiti, hence the Tahitian article. 18th century proper names from Tahitian were commonly borrowed into English with the article, cf. Otaheite (< 'o Tahiti) and Ulietea (“Raiatea”) (< 'o Ra'iatea).

coinage

[…] en besynnerlig rysning öfverföll mig, då jag såg de ödsliga, ofantliga Sandkusterne af det stora Ulimaroa.

1817, Carl Jonas Love Almqvist, Parjumouf. Saga ifrån Nya Holland

I was overwhelmed by a peculiar shiver, when I saw the desolate, immense sandy shores of the great Australia.

så äro, till exempel, svanorna svarta på Ulimaroa, då de hos oss äro hvita

1834, Fredrik Cederborgh, Ungdoms tidsfördrif

so are, for instance, the swans black in Australia, while they are white over here.

First voyage of James Cook
Grande Terre (New Caledonia)
James Cook
John Hawkesworth (book editor)
New Caledonia
Raiatea
sv:Ulimaroa


fremmande

head

fremmande (comparative mer fremmande, superlative mest fremmande)

mer fremmande (comparative)
mest fremmande (superlative)


hvardaglig

hvardaglig (comparative hvardagligare, superlative hvardagligast)

hvardagligare (comparative)
hvardagligast (superlative)


bärja

From Old Swedish bæria, from Old Norse berja, from Proto-Germanic *barjaną.


vitöga

vitöga (indefinite nominative singular)
vitögat (definite nominative singular)
vitögon (indefinite nominative plural)
vitögonen (definite nominative plural)
vitögas (genitive indefinite singular)
vitögats (definite genitive singular)
vitögons (genitive indefinite plural)
vitögonens (definite genitive plural)


svullnad

svullnad (common-gender indefinite positive singular)
svullnat (indefinite neuter positive singular)
svullnade (indefinite plural positive)
svullnade (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
svullnade (definite masculine positive singular)
svullnade (definite positive)

From Old Swedish sulnader. Doublet of svall, svulst, and svälla.


afrätta

afrätta (present afrättar, preterite afrättade, supine afrättat, imperative afrätta)

afrättar (present)
afrättade (preterite)
afrättat (supine)
afrätta (imperative)


äfv.

(obsolete) Abbreviation of äfven (“also”).


fatig

fatig (indefinite nominative singular)
fatigen (definite nominative singular)
fatiger (indefinite nominative plural)
fatigerna (definite nominative plural)
fatigs (genitive indefinite singular)
fatigens (definite genitive singular)
fatigers (genitive indefinite plural)
fatigernas (definite genitive plural)


fängsel

fängsel (indefinite nominative singular)
fängslet (definite nominative singular)
fängsel (indefinite nominative plural)
fängslen (definite nominative plural)
fängsels (genitive indefinite singular)
fängslets (definite genitive singular)
fängsels (genitive indefinite plural)
fängslens (definite genitive plural)

From fängelse by analogy with other words ending in -sel.


svullnade

(obsolete) inflection of svullnad:
definite singular

(obsolete) inflection of svullnad:
plural


ingeniör

ingeniör (indefinite nominative singular)
ingeniören (definite nominative singular)
ingeniörer (indefinite nominative plural)
ingeniörerna (definite nominative plural)
ingeniörs (genitive indefinite singular)
ingeniörens (definite genitive singular)
ingeniörers (genitive indefinite plural)
ingeniörernas (definite genitive plural)

Man fick här lära känna en mängd små och stora interiörer från ingeniörernas lif och kamp för tillvaron.

1904, Carl Sundbeck, Svensk-Amerikanerna: Deras materiella och andliga sträfvanden, page 46


Dalarne

Masculine nouns, including dal (“valley, dale”) from which Dalarna is derived, previously had the plural definite suffix -ne instead of -na.


postombud

postombud (indefinite nominative singular)
postombudet (definite nominative singular)
postombud (indefinite nominative plural)
postombuden (definite nominative plural)
postombuds (genitive indefinite singular)
postombudets (definite genitive singular)
postombuds (genitive indefinite plural)
postombudens (definite genitive plural)

From post (“post, postal”) + ombud (“ombud, representative”).

compound

(obsolete, 1933 to 1980s) a post office proxy, often done as a sideline by shopkeepers or sometimes by lantbrevbärare (“rural letter carriers”) in the kitchen


værde

Gân at med mod och ſkicklighet göra Eder værde hennes ynneﬅ.

1776, Johan Gabriel Oxenstierna, Ceremonial vid Drotning Christinas Torner-Spel den 9 Mars, 1650, page II

Go forth with courage and skill to make you worth her favor.


siukhus

Ur dårhus för en klok, och siukhus för en frisk

1772, Olof Bergklint, “Granskning. Satir.”, in Utile Dulci, editor, Vitterhets-nöjen. Tredie delen, page 50

From a madhouse for a wise man, and a hospital for a healthy one


blankett

blankett (indefinite nominative singular)
blanketten (definite nominative singular)
blanketter (indefinite nominative plural)
blanketterna (definite nominative plural)
blanketts (genitive indefinite singular)
blankettens (definite genitive singular)
blanketters (genitive indefinite plural)
blanketternas (definite genitive plural)

Borrowed from German Blankett of same meaning, from Old French blanchet; blanquet (“white, whitish”), attested since 1818.

bor

(obsolete) a carte blanche; a blank contract already with approving signature or sigil, to be filled in by the user


dymmel

dymmel (indefinite nominative uncountable)
dymmeln (definite nominative uncountable)
dymmels (genitive indefinite uncountable)
dymmelns (definite genitive uncountable)

From Old Swedish dymbil, from Old Norse dymbill. Compare also with origin for English dumbbell.


morgongåfwa

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


fägen

head

fägen (comparative fägnare, superlative fägnast)

fägnare (comparative)
fägnast (superlative)
fägen (common-gender indefinite positive singular)
fägnare (common-gender comparative indefinite singular)
fägnast (common-gender indefinite singular superlative)
fäget (indefinite neuter positive singular)
fägnare (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
fägnast (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
fägna (indefinite plural positive)
fägnare (comparative indefinite plural)
fägnast (indefinite plural superlative)
fägne (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
fägnare (archaic comparative indefinite masculine plural)
fägnast (archaic indefinite masculine plural superlative)
fägne (definite masculine positive singular)
fägnare (comparative definite masculine singular)
fägnaste (definite masculine singular superlative)
fägna (definite positive)
fägnare (comparative definite)
fägnaste (definite superlative)

Inherited from Old Swedish fæghin, from Old Norse feginn, from Proto-Germanic *faganaz.


jämka

jämka (present jämkar, preterite jämkade, supine jämkat, imperative jämka)

jämkar (present)
jämkade (preterite)
jämkat (supine)
jämka (imperative)
jämka (active infinitive)
jämkas (infinitive passive)
jämkat (active supine)
jämkats (passive supine)
jämka (active imperative)
jämken (active archaic imperative plural)
jämkar (active indicative present)
jämkade (active indicative past)
jämkas (indicative passive present)
jämkades (indicative passive past)
jämka (active archaic indicative plural present)
jämkade (active archaic indicative past plural)
jämkas (archaic indicative passive plural present)
jämkades (archaic indicative passive past plural)
jämke (active dated present subjunctive)
jämkade (active dated past subjunctive)
jämkes (dated passive present subjunctive)
jämkades (dated passive past subjunctive)
jämkande (participle present)
jämkad (participle past)

From Old Swedish iæmka, iænka. Equivalent to jämn (“even”) + -a. See also jämna.

(obsolete) to make even or smooth, of for example a surface or an edge, or by filling up a hole in the ground