a-

she, he; 3rd person singular ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]]) subject concord

For a full table including other classes


a-

Contraction of a- + -a- (“3rd person singular ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]]) gnomic”).


ch-

chumba

kitu chema

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix used before a vowel in certain words


ki-

kitu kizuri

kilema

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix, denoting mostly artefacts (objects made by humans) and people or objects with physical defects

ki- + mtoto (“child”) → kitoto (“baby”)

ki- + mtoto (“child”) → kitoto (“childishly”)

ki- + -shenzi (“barbarous”) → kishenzi (“like a barbarian”)

prefix used to derive adverbs from nouns describing human qualities

ki- + Arabic سَوَاحِل (sawāḥil, “coastal dwellers”) → Kiswahili (“Swahili language”)

ki- + Uingereza (“England”) → Kiingereza (“English language”)

ki- + mapenzi (“love”) → kimapenzi (“romantically”)

[…] mwingiliano wa miaka mingi kibiashara, kijamii na kiutamaduni katika nchi hizi mbili.

2022, Muungano wa Tanganyika na Zanzibar: Chimbuko, Misingi na Maendeleo, Serikali ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, →ISBN:

[…] many years of interaction, commercially, societally, and culturally, between these two countries.

(prefixed to an entire noun, including its class prefix) adverbial prefix

ki- + juu (“top, surface”) → kijuujuu (“superficially”)

(prefixed to reduplicated locative word) adverbial prefix


ki-

For a full table including first and second person

[…] na kichwa chake kiwazi kilituonyesha nywele zilizochanwa na kupasuliwa njia katikati.

1973, Mohammed S. Abdulla, Duniani kuna watu, page 3:

[…] and his uncovered head showed us combed hair with a middle part.

it, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]] subject concord

verb-initial form of -ki- (“it, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]] object concord”)


i-

From Proto-Bantu *gɪ́- and Proto-Bantu *jɪ́-.

هُيُوِ دُنِيَ اِيْنَ غُرُرِ ، دِيَ زَتَتَسِ هُزَدَمَيِْ،

R. Allen (1946) “Inkishafi—a translation from the Swahili”, in African Studies, volume 5, number 4, →DOI, pages 243–249

This world is deceitful, why follow its ways?

Huyui dunia ina ghururi? ndia za-tatasi huzandamaye?

Ilikuwa kiasi cha saa moja-unusu ya usiku[…]

It was about half past seven in the night […]

it, they; [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-mi class|mi class_((IV))]]/[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#N class|n class_((IX))]] subject concord

verb-initial form of -i- (“it, them; [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-mi class|mi class_((IV))]]/[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#N class|n class_((IX))]] object concord”)


za-

Contraction of zi- + -a- (“[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#N class|n class_((X))]] gnomic”).


n-

nguo nzuri

ulimi (“tongue”) → ndimi (“tongues”)

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#N class|n class_((IX/X))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix, denoting animals and miscellaneous nouns as well as their plurals, and plurals of some [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#U class|u class_((XI))]] nouns


n-

"Na kwa nini n'sirejee," aliuliza mzee.

1973, Mohammed S. Abdulla, Duniani kuna watu, page 5:

"And why wouldn't I go back [to it]?" the old man asked.

Kuna siku nlikua na drive huu wimbo ukaenda hewani nkajikuta natokwa machozi 🥲na nsijue wanachoimba .

2022, Timothy Theodosy Chelula, Instagram:

One day I was driving, this song went on air, and I found myself in tears 🥲 and I didn't know what they were singing.


vy-

vyumba

vitu vyema

form of vi- used before a vowel in certain words

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|vi class_((VIII))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix

Ni vyema kuwashukuru.

vy- + -ema (“nice”) → vyema (“nicely”)

Forms adverbs of manner from declinable adjectives.


u-

From Proto-Bantu *dʊ̀- and Proto-Bantu *bʊ̀-.

u- + -chafu (“dirty”) → uchafu (“dirtiness”)

u- + mtoto (“child”) → utoto (“childhood”)

u- + binafsi (“self”) → ubinafsi (“individualism”)

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#U class|u class_((XI))]] noun prefix, denoting natural objects, extensions, abstract qualities, or collections of small things.

u- + French France (“France”) → Ufaransa (“France”)

ulimi mrefu


u-

you, 2nd person singular subject concord


u-

From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́- and Proto-Bantu *dʊ́-.

هُنُ اُلِمِغُ بَحَرِ تِيْسِ ، اُنَ مَتُبَوِ نَمَغِ مَاسِ،

18th century, Abdallah bin Ali bin Nasir, Al-Inkishafi, stanza 13:

This world is a troubled sea, it has corals and much wickedness;

Hunu ulimwengu baḥari tesi, una matumbawe na-mangi masi,

it, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-mi class|m class_((III))]]/[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#U class|u class_((XI))]] subject concord

verb-initial form of -u- (“it, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-mi class|m class_((III))]]/[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#U class|u class_((XI))]] object concord”)


ku-

1 Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-

Kufanya kazi ni muhimu ili kupata pesa.

Working is important in order to earn money.

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ku class|ku class_((XV))]] noun prefix; used before verb stem with eventual object concord to form infinitive

Nataka kukisoma.

Ilisababisha watu kujifunza zaidi.

Watu wasiopungua kumi wanadaiwa kuuawa na wengine zaidi ya thelathini kujeruhiwa vibaya.

2023, “Waasi wa ADF wadaiwa kuwaua raia”, in DW:

At least ten people are claimed to have been killed and more than thirty others to have been seriously injured.

used after auxiliary verbs that do not require subject agreement and tense/aspect marking on the dependent verb

kitabu cha kufundishia

baada ya kipindi kupita

used after -a (including in the presense of a subject)

Nilisoma na kuandika.

used after na to replace elided subject agreement and tense/aspect marking

Kusafiri ni kuzuri sana.

mahali kuzuri

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ku class|ku class_((XV))]]/[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ku locative class|ku class_((XVII))]] adjective agreement prefix

verb-initial form of -ku- (“you, 2st person singular (or, if with suffix -ni, plural) object concord”)


ku-

Kutoa kunatokana na moyo.

Kuna watu wengi nchini wanaotaka amani.

There are many people in the country who want peace.

it, there; [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ku class|ku class_((XV))]]/[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ku locative class|ku class_((XVII))]] subject concord

verb-initial form of -ku- (“there, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ku locative class|ku class_((XVII))]] object concord”)


pa-

The prefix for noun class 16 denoting locatives (position at a place).


pa-

there, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Pa locative class|pa class_((XVI))]] subject concord

verb-initial form of -pa- (“there, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Pa locative class|pa class_((XVI))]] object concord”)


pa-

Contraction of pa- + -a- (“[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Pa locative class|pa class_((XVI))]] gnomic”).


ka-

Near-synonyms: ali-, ame-

Nimefanya jitihada mwenyewe na Mungu kanisaidia,[…]

I have worked hard on my own and God has helped me, […]

2013, “Rais Obama kaondoka, tusirudie maisha ya aibu”, in Mwananchi:

President Obama has left, let us not return to a life of shame

third-person singular animate ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]]) recent-past perfective marker


ka-

(colloquial or dialect, nonstandard) noun class 12 prefix, used with a diminutive or depreciative meaning


ji-

jino jipya

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ji-ma class|ji class_((V))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix

ji- + mtu (“person”) → jitu (“giant”)

augmentative prefix used with monosyllabic stems, puts words in [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ji-ma class|ji class_((V))]]


ji-

verb-initial form of -ji- (“oneself, -self; reflexive direct object”)


my-

-eusi (“dark”) → myeusi

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-mi class|mi class_((IV))]] adjective agreement prefix used before e


ha-

she does not, he does not; 3rd person singular ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]]) negative subject concord


mu-

mu- + -ua (“to kill”) + -ji (nominalizing suffix) → muuaji (“killer”)

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix used before /u/ and /w/


mu-

muhindi

mu- + -ungana (“to join together”) + -o (nominalizing suffix) → muungano (“union”)

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-mi class|m class_((III))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix used before /u/, /w/, and occasionally /h/


mu-

you, 2nd person plural subject concord used before /u/ and /w/

verb-initial form of -mu- (“her, him; 3rd person singular ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]]) object concord used before /u/ and /w/”)


mu-

therein, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Mu locative class|mu class_((XVIII))]] subject concord used before /u/ and /w/


ni-

ninakupenda

نِيَضِهِرِشِ يَغُ مَقَالِ ، اَبَيُ مُيُوْنِ نِقُصُدِيِ

Let me set forth the plan which I have in my heart.

Niyaḍihirishe yangu maqali, ambayo moyoni niquṣudiye.

verb-initial form of -ni- (“me, 1st person singular object concord”)


la-

Contraction of li- + -a- (“[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ji-ma class|ji class_((V))]] gnomic”).


kwa-

Contraction of ku- + -a- (“[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ku class|ku class_((XV/XVII))]] gnomic”).


zi-

Taa zenye nuru kali, moja kwa juu mwisho wa ngazi, na moja kwa chini mwanzo wa ngazi zilimmulika Kasim Hakimu Marjani[…]

Lamps shining with an intense light, one on top at the end of the stairs and one below at the beginning of the stairs, illuminated Kasim Hakimu Marjani […]

they; [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#N class|n class_((X))]] subject concord

verb-initial form of -zi- (“them, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#N class|n class_((X))]] object concord”)


ya-

it, they; [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ji-ma class|ma class_((VI))]] subject concord

verb-initial form of -ya- (“them, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ji-ma class|ma class_((VI))]] object concord”)


ya-

Contraction of i- + -a- (“[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-mi class|mi class_((IV))]] and [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#N class|n class_((IX))]] gnomic”).

i-

Contraction of ya- + -a- (“[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ji-ma class|ma class_((VI))]] gnomic”).


li-

مُيُ وَاغُ نِنِ هُزُدُكَانِ ، لِكُغُرِيِلُ هِيْلَ نِنْنِ ،

Soul, why not awake? Hi! what is it that cheats you?

Moyo wangu nini huzundukani, likughuriyelo hela ni-n'ni?

it, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ji-ma class|ji class_((V))]] subject concord

verb-initial form of -li- (“it, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ji-ma class|ji class_((V))]] object concord”)


si-

I do not, 1st person singular negative subject concord


si-

simi (first-person negative singular)
siye (first-person negative singular)
sio (first-person negative plural)
siwe (negative second-person singular)
siye (negative second-person singular)
sinyi (negative plural second-person)
sio (negative plural second-person)
siye (class-1 class-2 negative singular third-person)
sio (class-1 class-2 negative plural third-person)
sio (class-3 class-4 negative singular third-person)
siyo (class-3 class-4 negative plural third-person)
silo (class-5 class-6 negative singular third-person)
siyo (class-5 class-6 negative plural third-person)
sicho (class-7 class-8 negative singular third-person)
sivyo (class-7 class-8 negative plural third-person)
siyo (class-10 class-9 negative singular third-person)
sizo (class-10 class-9 negative plural third-person)
sio (class-11 negative singular third-person)
siko (class-15 class-17 negative singular third-person)
sipo (class-16 negative singular third-person)
simo (class-18 negative singular third-person)
For a full table (negative)

the negative emphatic copula or negative focusing copula: expresses "it is not" with an inflected object


wa-

watoto wazuri

mtu (“person”) → watu (“people”)

Mwingereza (“English person”) → Waingereza (“English people”)

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|wa class_((II))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix, denoting plurals of [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]]


wa-

they, 3rd person plural ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|wa class_((II))]]) subject concord

verb-initial form of -wa- (“them (3rd person plural ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|wa class_((II))]]) object concord) or you (2nd person plural object concord)”)


wa-

Contraction of u- + -a- (“2nd person singular, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-mi class|m class_((III))]], and [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#U class|u class_((XI))]] gnomic”).

u-

Contraction of wa- + -a- (“3rd person plural ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|wa class_((II))]]) gnomic”).


mi-

miti mirefu

mfano (“example”) → mifano (“examples”)

muhindi (“maize plant”) → mihindi (“maize plants”)

mwili (“body”) → miili (“bodies”)

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-mi class|mi class_((IV))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix, denoting plurals of [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-mi class|m class_((III))]]


m-

mtoto mzuri

mnyama mnono

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix, denoting mostly people

m- + Kenya → Mkenya (“person from Kenya”)

m- + zee (“old”) → mzee (“old person”)

Forms the name of somebody who does something, has a certain characteristic, or is from a certain place.


m-

mti mrefu

mfano mzuri

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-mi class|m class_((III))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix, denoting mostly plants and inanimate natural things

m- + chungwa (“orange”) → mchungwa (“orange tree”)

Forms the name of a plant from its fruit.

ulimi mrefu

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#U class|u class_((XI))]] adjective agreement prefix


m-

verb-initial form of -m- (“her, him; 3rd person singular ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]]) object concord”)


m-

therein, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Mu locative class|mu class_((XVIII))]] subject concord


m-

From Proto-Bantu *ǹ-, labialized before labial consonants.

mvua mbaya

ubavu (“rib, side”) → mbavu (“ribs, sides”)

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#N class|n class_((IX/X))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix, including for plurals of some [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#U class|u class_((XI))]] nouns, used before labial consonants


ma-

jicho (“eye”) → macho (“eyes”)

jambo (“thing”) → mambo (“things”)

chungwa (“orange”) → machungwa (“oranges”)

jitu (“giant”) → majitu (“giants”)

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ji-ma class|ma class_((VI))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix, denoting mass nouns and plurals of a variety of classes

forms plurals of [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ji-ma class|ji class_((V))]] nouns

ugomvi (“quarrel”) → magomvi (“quarrels”)

forms plurals of some [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#U class|u class_((XI))]] nouns

ma- + rafiki (“friend”) → marafiki (“group of friends”)

forms collectives of [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#N class|n class_((IX))]] nouns

maji machafu


ny-

nguo nyeusi

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#N class|n class_((IX/X))]] adjective agreement prefix used before vowels

wimbo (“song”) → nyimbo (“songs”)

uzi (“thread”) → nyuzi (“threads”)

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#N class|n class_((X))]] noun prefix for plurals of some [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#U class|u class_((XI))]] nouns with vowel-initial stems


kw-

kwenda

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ku class|ku class_((XV))]] noun prefix; used before verb stem of -anza, -enda, -isha

mchana kweupe

nyumbani kwangu

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ku class|ku class_((XV))]]/[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ku locative class|ku class_((XVII))]] adjective agreement prefix before vowels


kw-

it, there; [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ku class|ku class_((XV))]]/[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ku locative class|ku class_((XVII))]] subject concord used before gnomic marker (-a-); Only used in kwa-


vi-

vitu vizuri

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|vi class_((VIII))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix, denoting plurals of [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]]

Ni vigumu kuwasahau.

vi- + -baya (“bad”) → vibaya (“badly”)

Walitukemea vikali.

Forms adverbs of manner from declinable adjectives.


vi-

they, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|vi class_((VIII))]] subject concord

Elimu na dini vilitumika sana kuua utamaduni wa Mwafrika kwa viwango vinavyotofautiana.

Education and religion were widely used to kill African culture to varying degrees.

subject concord with subject containing more than one noun

verb-initial form of -vi- (“them, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|vi class_((VIII))]] object concord”)


w-

wakati mwingine

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#U class|u class_((XI))]] noun prefix used before vowels


mw-

mwizi mwingine

mw- + Uislamu (“Islam”) → Mwislamu (“Muslim”)

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix used before vowels


mw-

mwaka mwingine

mw- + embe (“mango”) → mwembe (“mango tree”)

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-mi class|m class_((III))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix used before vowels

ulimi mwingine

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#U class|u class_((XI))]] adjective agreement prefix used before vowels


mw-

you, 2nd person plural subject concord used before vowels

verb-initial form of -mw- (“her, him; 3rd person singular ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]]) object concord used before vowels”)


mw-

therein, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Mu locative class|mu class_((XVIII))]] subject concord used before vowels


me-

From Proto-Bantu *mà-, after contraction with a following vowel.

meno mengine

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ji-ma class|ma class_((VI))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix used with some stems starting with e or i


hu-

A lenited, fused form of ni ku- (“is [verb]ing”).

Jua huchomoza mashariki.

Ni dhahiri kuwa huu ni mfumo unaopendwa kutokana na urahisi katika kuuendesha kwa kuwa huwa na mamlaka moja kuu yenye mtandao mmoja wa uongozi mpaka chini kupitia mfumo wa ugatuzi wa madaraka.

It is obvious that this system is popular due to how easy it is to run it, as it has one central authority with one leadership network all the way to the bottom through a system of decentralization.

habitual aspect marker; indicates an action is routine or characteristic


hu-

you do not, 2nd person singular negative subject concord


kuto-

kutokuja

Waliamua kutonipa nafasi.

Ujinga utokana na kutosoma vitabu.

Stupidity is caused by not reading books.


tu-

verb-initial form of -tu- (“us, 1st person plural object concord”)


ndi-

ndimi (first-person singular)
ndiye (first-person singular)
ndisi (first-person plural)
ndio (first-person plural)
ndiwe (second-person singular)
ndiye (second-person singular)
ndinyi (plural second-person)
ndio (plural second-person)
ndiye (class-1 class-2 singular third-person)
ndio (class-1 class-2 plural third-person)
ndio (class-3 class-4 singular third-person)
ndiyo (class-3 class-4 plural third-person)
ndilo (class-5 class-6 singular third-person)
ndiyo (class-5 class-6 plural third-person)
ndicho (class-7 class-8 singular third-person)
ndivyo (class-7 class-8 plural third-person)
ndiyo (class-10 class-9 singular third-person)
ndizo (class-10 class-9 plural third-person)
ndio (class-11 singular third-person)
ndiko (class-15 class-17 singular third-person)
ndipo (class-16 singular third-person)
ndimo (class-18 singular third-person)
For a full table

the emphatic copula or focusing copula: expresses "it is" with an inflected object


ham-

you do not, 2nd person plural negative subject concord


ham-

therein is no, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Mu locative class|mu class_((XVIII))]] negative subject concord


hali-

it does not, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ji-ma class|ji class_((V))]] negative subject concord


yu-

Near-synonym: a-

she, he; 3rd person singular ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]]) subject concord used with the locative suffixes


haya-

it does not, they do not; [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ji-ma class|ma class_((VI))]] negative subject concord


havi-

they do not, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|vi class_((VIII))]] negative subject concord


hatu-

we do not, 1st person plural negative subject concord


hau-

it does not, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-mi class|m class_((III))]]/[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#U class|u class_((XI))]] negative subject concord


hazi-

they do not; [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#N class|n class_((X))]] negative subject concord


haku-

there is no, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ku locative class|ku class_((XVII))]] negative subject concord


haki-

it does not, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]] negative subject concord


hai-

it does not, they do not; [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-mi class|mi class_((IV))]]/[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#N class|n class_((IX))]] negative subject concord


hapa-

there is no, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Pa locative class|pa class_((XVI))]] negative subject concord


hawa-

they do not, 3rd person plural ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|wa class_((II))]]) negative subject concord


hamu-

you do not, 2nd person plural negative subject concord used before /u/ and /w/


hamu-

therein is no, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Mu locative class|mu class_((XVIII))]] negative subject concord used before /u/ and /w/


hayu-

Near-synonym: ha-

she is not, he is not; 3rd person singular ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]]) negative subject concord used with the locative suffixes


hamw-

you do not, 2nd person plural negative subject concord used before vowels


hamw-

therein is no, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Mu locative class|mu class_((XVIII))]] negative subject concord used before vowels


mwa-

Contraction of m(w)- + -a- (“2nd person plural and [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Mu locative class|mu class_((XVIII))]] gnomic”).


vya-

Contraction of vi- + -a- (“[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|vi class_((VIII))]] gnomic”).


cha-

Contraction of ki- + -a- (“[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]] gnomic”).


j-

jambo jema

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ji-ma class|ji class_((V))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix used before vowels

j- + nyoka (“snake”) → joka (“serpent, big snake”)

augmentative prefix used before vowels, puts words in [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ji-ma class|ji class_((V))]]


kiji-

kiji- + mti (“tree”) → kijiti (“branch, stick”)

kiji- + kitabu (“book”) → kijitabu (“booklet”)

diminutive prefix used with monosyllabic stems and words in [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki-vi class_((VII/VIII))]], puts words in [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]]

kiji- + mtoto (“child”) → kijitoto (“teeny-weeny little child”)


n'-

Alternative spelling of n-, alternative form of ni-.