kabuhulan

From ka- -an + buhul, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buqul (“stopped in its course”).

to get foreign matter stuck in one's throat; to choke on something


balangah

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laŋaq (“simple-minded”)

Lamun keur nyetir, tong balangah. Matak cilaka ka batur jeung ka hidep.

When you're driving, don't be reckless. It will cause accidents to others and yourself.


ngusap birit bari indit

Literally "to rub one's ass while leaving"

to storm out without saying anything, oftentimes due to anger or shame.


ton Batawi

ton (“ton”) + Batawi (“Batavia”), literally "Batavian ton"

(obsolete, rare) A unit of volume equivalent to around 0,93 hectolitres.


kakalangkangan

to be overcast by shadow (either from clouds, eclipse, etc.)

to be overshadowed; to be eclipsed
to be dominated or defeated

Pangandaran mimiti kakalangkangan ku samagaha jam sapuluh isuk

Pangandaran began to be overshadowed by the eclipse at 10 AM

Si éta mah embung kakalangkangan

That person doesn't want to be overshadowed


tukang ngolo

tukang (“handyman”) + ngolo (“to flatter”)


lewang

Talaga teh kaboedeur koe pasir, toer gurawes matak lĕwang, loehoerna ratoesan elo...

1930, “Mangle. Amengan ka Goenoeng Talagabodas”, in Volksalmanak Soenda XII, Bale Poestaka, page 236:

The lake is surrounded by hills, which are frighteningly steep. Their heights hundreds of ells tall...

height-induced vertigo, fear, and anxiety; fear of heights


Bentang Padati

Compound of béntang (“star”) + padati (“cart”)

compound+

(astronomy) Big Dipper (the constellation)


Logangga

From Old Javanese lwah (“river”) + Sanskrit गङ्गा (gaṅgā, “Ganga”)

Sora sondari ngahioeng
ajoen-ambing ngemban poedji
moedja ka Kali Logangga
lemah poetih banjoe soetji
Batara Wisnoe ngandika
meupeudjeuh ka djisim koering

1930, Tb. Djajadilaga, transl., Ka Pulo Jawa, translation of To Java by Rabindranath Tagore:

The voice of sundaris was humming
swaying in praise
worshipping towards the Ganges
its soil white, its water sacred
The great God Vishnu spoke to me
advising me


ti mimiti

ti (“from”) + mimiti (“beginning”), literally, "beginning from" or "from the beginning (of)"


Béntang Langlayangan

head

Béntang Langlayangan (Sundanese script ᮘᮦᮔ᮪ᮒᮀ ᮜᮍᮣᮚᮍᮔ᮪)

béntang (“star”) + langlayangan (“kite”)

compound

Toekang ngala laoek di basisir Priangan (Palaboeanratoe djst.) katjida njarahoëunana kana Bentang-Langlajangan teh, sarta ― tjĕnah ― gĕde goenana.

1930, “Elmoe Palak”, in Volksalmanak Soenda XII, Bale Poestaka, Panonpoë, Boelan, djeung Bentang, page 358:

Fishermen along the coast of Priangan (such as in Palabuhanratu etc.) are very familiar with the constellation of Crux and it is said to be very useful.


hampelas

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qa(m)pelas (“tree with leaves like sandpaper”). Cognate with Indonesian ampelas.


kosambi

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kasambiʔ. Cognate with Indonesian kesambi.

(botany) a kind of ironwood tree; Schleichera oleosa


ki hiur

Javan chestnut-oak; Castanopsis javanica


badot

bau badot


balagadigdeug

Si éta mah da jalma balagadigdeug.


hampang birit

head

hampang birit (Sundanese script ᮠᮙ᮪ᮕᮀ ᮘᮤᮛᮤᮒ᮪)


kahampangan

ka- -an + hampang (“light”). Compare English to ease oneself.


parung

A shallow but swift part of a river between two pools; a riffle or a rapid


injuk

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *izuk (“the sugar palm”). Cognate with Indonesian ijuk.

inh+

sapu injuk

black, hairy fiber taken from the sugar palm tree (Arenga pinnata)


nyéré

dried vein of the coconut leaf (commonly used to make brooms)


pangkéng

Probably borrowed from Hokkien 房間／房间 (pâng-keng, “room”). See Peranakan Indonesian pangkeng


Tapékong

Borrowed from Hokkien 大伯公 (Tōa-peh-kong)

Tua Pek Kong (a male deity worshipped in Peranakan Chinese beliefs)


ᮒᮦᮁᮙᮧᮓᮤᮔᮙᮤᮊ

ᮠᮥᮊᮥᮙ᮪ ᮒᮦᮁᮙᮧᮓᮤᮔᮙᮤᮊ ᮔᮥ ᮊᮠᮤᮏᮤ ᮑᮒᮊᮩᮔ᮪ ᮚᮦᮔ᮪ ᮆᮔᮨᮁᮌᮤ ᮒᮦᮂ ᮠᮨᮔ᮪ᮒᮩ ᮘᮤᮞ ᮓᮤᮎᮤᮕ᮪ᮒᮊᮩᮔ᮪ ᮃᮒᮝ ᮓᮤᮘᮤᮔᮞᮊᮩᮔ᮪, ᮍᮔ᮪ ᮘᮤᮞ ᮓᮤᮅᮘᮂ ᮠᮥᮀᮊᮥᮜ᮪ ᮊᮔ ᮘᮨᮔ᮪ᮒᮥᮊ᮪ ᮔᮥ ᮞᮦᮏᮦᮔ᮪

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed into other forms.

Hukum térmodinamika nu kahiji nyatakeun yén énergi téh henteu bisa diciptakeun atawa dibinasakeun, ngan bisa diubah hungkul kana bentuk nu séjén


bungin

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buhaŋin (“sandbank”). Compare Tagalog buhangin, Kapampangan buangin.


salawé

Audio:

Borrowed from Javanese ꦱꦼꦭꦮꦺ (selawé). Equivalent to ᮞ- (sa-) + ᮜᮝᮦ (lawé).


tuluy

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuluy. Compare to Tagalog tuloy.

Tuluykeun kalimah di handap ieu


tuluy

Tuluy urang rék balik ka imah.


ᮜᮝᮦ

head

ᮜᮝᮦ • (lawé)


deuleu

Tah! Deuleu éta ku sia sorangan!

(extremely vulgar, angry register) to see

extremely vulgar; angry register; extremely vulgar; angry register


loh jinawi

From Javanese ꦭꦺꦴꦃ ꦗꦶꦤꦮꦶ (loh jinawi, “the Ganges, fertile”), ultimately from Sanskrit जाह्नवी (Jāhnavī, “a name for Ganga”)

der

(poetic) fertile (of a land), richly endowed with streams.


kolécér

Audio


kolonyo

Clipping of Dutch eau de Cologne, from French eau de Cologne. See Malay kelonyor.


kolésom

From Hokkien 高麗參／高丽参 (ko-lê-som, “Korean ginseng”). Cognate with Indonesian kolesom.


kipsao

From Hokkien 急燒／急烧 (kiap-sio / kip-sio). Cognate with Indonesian kipsiau.


atikan

atik (“to guide along, to accompany, to educate”) + -an


atikan luhur

head

ᮃᮒᮤᮊᮔ᮪ ᮜᮥᮠᮥᮁ

atikan luhur (Sundanese script ᮃᮒᮤᮊᮔ᮪ ᮜᮥᮠᮥᮁ)

* Calque of Indonesian pendidikan tinggi.
* Compound of atikan (“education”) + luhur (“high”).


mohal

From Arabic مُحَال (muḥāl, “impossible”). Cognate with Javanese mokal.


pasékon

carpenter's square (An L-shaped tool used to place objects or draw lines at right angles.)


halodo sataun lantis ku hujan sapoé

Literally, "A year's drought washed away by a day's rain." Compare Indonesian panas setahun dihapuskan oleh hujan sehari.

cog

One mistake is enough to ruin many good deeds; One mistake is enough to ruin years of good reputation.


nyolok panon buncelik

to provoke; to poke the bear; to mess with the bull


séwaka

From Old Sundanese séwaka, from Sanskrit सेवक (sevaka, “servant”)

down payment from a pregnant woman to midwife who will help her deliver her child later


cameuh

lantern-jawed (having a protruding lower jaw); mandibular prognathism


bobogaan

Partial reduplication (rajékan dwipurwa) of boga (“to have”) + -an.


gurawés

steep (of gradients, e.g. surface, slope, etc.)


tikoro andon péso

Loosely translated to "[one's] throat willingly being held at knifepoint".

to deliberately approach people who will harm or hurt


harimumu

black dirty cobweb (e.g. on the attic or against the wall)


moro julang ngalepaskeun peusing

Literally, "to hunt the hornbills and let go of the anteater".

a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush

to waste what is certain for something uncertain; to let go of the bird in the hand for two in the bush


kaduhung

kaduhung tara ti heula

hindsight is 20/20 (literally, "regret never comes in the beginning")

Kaduhung kuring sahur ngadahar sambel.
I regret eating sambal for suhoor.


silalatu

→ Indonesian: silalatu

From Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lalatu. Cognate of Javanese ꦭꦠꦸ (latu).

small bits of burning matter that flies up from a fire; spark


kuéh

From Hokkien 粿 (kóe, “rice cake”). Cognate with Indonesian kue, Malay kuih.


Murjangkung

(historical) Jan Pieterszoon Coen, the governor-general of the Dutch East Indies


pagéto

Ayeuna Ahad, isuk Senén, pagéto Salasa.

Today is Sunday, tomorrow is Monday, the day after that is Tuesday.


pagéto amat

Ayeuna Ahad, pagéto Salasa, pagéto amat Rebo.

Today is Sunday, the day after tomorrow is Tuesday, the day after that is Wednesday.

two days after tomorrow
two days after tomorrow

three days from today; two days after tomorrow


kareumbi

the mouse deer's poplar (Homalanthus populneus)


pituin

emas pituin

Si Aji urang Bandung pituin
Aji is a native Bandungite

Tangkal ieu pituin ti Okinawa


pelengkung

/pə.ləŋˈkʊŋ/

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ləŋkuŋ. Cognate with Javanese ꦥ꧀ꦭꦼꦁꦏꦸꦁ (plengkung), Old Javanese pĕlĕṅkuṅ, Malay pelengkung.

Monumén 'Gateway Arch' di Amérika téh bentukna jiga pelengkung.

The Gateway Arch monument in America is shaped like an arch.


kini-kini

Kini-kini na jarami...


jorang

(rare) uncivilized or impolite (lacking manners)


lokét

Borrowed from Dutch loket (“counter”). The sense 'counter' influenced from Indonesian loket (“counter”)

counter (a table on which business is transacted, e.g. purchasing tickets)


perenah

Abdi perenah paman ka Raja Charles

King Charles is my uncle (literally, "I am related to King Charles as my uncle")


perenah

Di mana perenahna Gunung Karang?


rarangkén

Perhaps related to Malay rangkai (“to arrange, string, create”).

clothing and adornments of a bride or groom

(linguistics) diacritics belonging to the Sundanese and/or Javanese script to mark vowels, consonants, or virama


walurat

From Arabic ضَرُورَات (ḍarūrāt). Doublet of darurat

bor

Arabic ضَرُورَات (ḍarūrāt)


almenak

Borrowed from Dutch almanak (“almanac”), from Latin almanachus, from Andalusian Arabic الْمَنَاخ (al-manāḵ, “almanac, calendar”).


rajékan dwimurni

rajékan (“reduplication”) + dwi (“two”) + murni (“pure, unaltered”)

compound

jalma (“person”) → jalma-jalma (“people”)
aki (“grandfather”) → aki-aki (“old man”)
mobil (“car”) → mobil-mobil (“cars”)
isuk (“morning”) → isuk-isuk (“very early in the morning”)

(linguistics, grammar) full reduplication


barudak

Barudak, rék kamana?

(colloquial) Used to address a group of people regardless of gender. guys, lads


timburu

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buʀəhuʔ (“jealous”). Cognate with Malay cemburu, Tagalog panibugho, Cebuano abubho, Toba Batak iburu, Bima wu'u.

full of apprehension (anticipation of something)


timburu

to have a premonition that something bad will happen


babadotan

Partial reduplication (rajékan dwipurwa) of badot (“ram”) + -an.


ᮒᮥᮍᮤ

keep oneself to oneself
keep oneself to oneself


hangseur

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaŋeseʀ (“stench of urine”). Cognate with Ilocano angseg

inh+

Naha mani hangseur jamban téh?

having the foul smell of urine; piss stink


tiwu

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təbuh, from Proto-Austronesian *təbuS.


pancadria

From panca (“five”) + Sanskrit इन्द्रिय (indriya, “senses”).

compound

Sanskrit <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">इन्द्रिय</i> (indriya, “senses”)


Nénéng

→ Indonesian: Neneng

From néng (“term of endearment to address a girl”). Compare Tagalog Neneng


Rewah

From Javanese ꦫꦸꦮꦃ (Ruwah, “Sha'ban”), from Arabic أَرْوَاح (ʔarwāḥ, “spirit; soul”), from the local's custom of praying for the spirits of the deceased during said month.


ᮙᮨᮔ᮪ᮎᮨᮊ᮪

head

ᮙᮨᮔ᮪ᮎᮨᮊ᮪ • (mencek)


mencek

→ Dutch: muntjak

→ Arabic: مُنْتَجِق (muntajiq)

→ Czech: muntžak

→ English: muntjac

→ Irish: muinseac

→ Welsh: carw mwntjac

→ Esperanto: muntjako

→ Finnish: muntjakki

→ French: muntjac

→ Georgian: მუნჯაკი (munǯaḳi)

→ German: Muntjak

→ Hungarian: muntyákszarvas

→ Polish: mundżak

→ Russian: мунтжа́к (muntžák)

→ Spanish: muntíaco

→ Swedish: muntjak

→ Turkish: munçak


sinarieun

Sinarieun jam sakieu panonpoé acan bijil

It's unusual for the sun to not be up at this hour

out of the ordinary
out of the ordinary#English

Used to express mild surprise to indicate that something unusual, unexpected, or out of the ordinary occurs.


manikem

Borrowed from Tamil மாணிக்கம் (māṇikkam), from Sanskrit माणिक्य (māṇikya). Cognate with Indonesian manikam, Javanese ꦩꦤꦶꦏꦼꦩ꧀ (manikem).


pamaréntah

pa- + paréntah (“to command, to order”). Compare Indonesian pemerintah.


leunca

→ Indonesian: lenca, leunca

Solanum nigrum (a plant of the family Solanaceae, also known as blackberry nightshade or black nightshade)


sumujud

Pa Ustad nu keur ngimaman jamaah sumujud dina luhureun sajadah

The Ustad who is leading the congregation prostrates on the prayer mat.


beuki

beuki lila beuki gedé


beuki

Ari manéh beuki nguseup?


tumaninah

From Malay tumakninah, tamakninah, from Arabic طمأنينة (“tranquility”)

(Islam) (in performing salat) to be calm and motionless in certain positions


poék mongkléng buta rajin

head

ᮕᮧᮆᮊ᮪ ᮙᮧᮀᮊᮣᮦᮀ ᮘᮥᮒ ᮛᮏᮤᮔ᮪

poék mongkléng buta rajin (Sundanese script ᮕᮧᮆᮊ᮪ ᮙᮧᮀᮊᮣᮦᮀ ᮘᮥᮒ ᮛᮏᮤᮔ᮪)

ᮕᮧᮆᮊ᮪ ᮙᮧᮀᮊᮣᮦᮀ ᮘᮥᮒ ᮛᮏᮤᮔ᮪ (Sundanese character)

poék (“dark”) + mongkléng (“pitch black”) + buta (“blind”) + rajin


hamperu

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *qapəjux. Compare Malay hempedu, Indonesian empedu, Tagalog apdo.


mokla

Unknown. Cognate with Javanese ꦩꦺꦴꦏ꧀ꦭ (mokla)


bésan

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baisan. Compare Malay besan, Tagalog baisan, Acehnese bisan.


ngurisan

Bapa mantri keur ngurisan barudak SD

The nurse is vaccinating elementary students


dikuris

Sakabéh siswa kelas hiji dugi ka tilu kudu dikuris.

All students from grades one to three must be vaccinated.

to be vaccinated; to be applied a vaccine to


lempog

A sweet, sticky confection made from durian and jaggery, similar to a dodol


lahang

A drink made of the unfermented sweet sap from the Arenga pinnata flower


horéng

Ngasuh budak horéng mah resep.

an expression used to convey a sense of surprise or revelation; as it turns out


tunggang gunung

head

tunggang gunung (Sundanese script ᮒᮥᮀᮌᮀ ᮌᮥᮔᮥᮀ)

From tunggang (“to ride”) + gunung (“mountain”)

compound

evening (the time where the sun 'lies atop the mountain ridge')

umur tunggang gunung

an hour (wanci) in the Sundanese traditional timekeeping system equivalent to around 4 p.m.


Béntang Cakra

head

Béntang Cakra (Sundanese script ᮘᮦᮔ᮪ᮒᮀ ᮎᮊᮢ)

From béntang (“star”) + cakra (“cross”), literally “Star of the Cross”.

compound

Pikeun nganjahokeun madhab, salianna koe padoman, pikeun di dieu mah, di Hindia Nederland sok marake oge palintangan, njaeta make patokan Bentang Tjakra, anoe koe oerang Djawa sok disĕboet „lintang goeboeg pentjeng”, atawa koe basa Walanda dingaranan „Zuider Kruis”.

1921, “Roepa-roepa kanjaho”, in Volksalmanak Soenda III, Bale Poestaka, Nganjahokeun Madhab, page 154:

In order to know one's direction, apart from a compass, here in the Netherlands Indies, astronomy is often used. It uses the Star of the Cross, which the Javanese call "lintang gubug penceng" (the star of the crooked hut), or as the Dutch name it, "Zuiderkruis" (Southern Cross).


kasura

Jaman baheula, urang pribumi lamun kasura sukuna, biasana sok diubaran ku geutah tikel balung.

Back then, if a native had gotten a splinter in their foot, they would usually treat it with the sap of the pencil tree.


silaing

Perhaps blend of silah (“friend”) + aing (“I, me”)

blend

Sanajan gogoakan ogé moal bisa lésot silaing mah!

Even if you scream and shout, you won't be able to get away!


budug

→ Indonesian: buduk

Compare Javanese ꦧꦸꦝꦸꦒ꧀ (budhug, “leprosy”)


gondongeun

(pathology) mumps (A contagious disease caused by the Mumps virus which causes swelling of glands in the face and neck.)


beurat

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀəqat. Doublet of abot.


kabeuratan

From beurat + ka- -an. Sense of 'defecation' parallel to kahampangan


ésé

Classifier used for small objects similar to seed

saésé

Kantun saésé deui

Classifier used for many type of objects


tukang polka

From tukang (“handyman”) + polka (“to cut (hair), to barber”)

compound

“Abdi mah ti ngawitan umur 20 janten tukang polka téh,”...

2021 May 1, @antapanihits, “TUKANG POLKA KLASIK DI ANTAPANI LAMA”, in Instagram (overall work in Indonesian):

"I became a barber since I was 20 years old,..."


tajug

→ Indonesian: tajuk

Perhaps related to Javanese ꦠꦗꦸꦒ꧀ (tajug, “shape of a four-sided pyramid with a levelled-off top”), as it is a common type architectural trait found in many mosques or suraus.


ᮒᮏᮥᮌ᮪

→ Indonesian: tajuk


raraban

Variant of laraban, from larab (“to multiply”) + -an, from Arabic ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba, “to beat, hit, multiply”). Cognate with Indonesian darab (“product of multiplication”)

cog

Anu pangheulana hapal raraban opat tiasa uih ti heula.

"The first one who memorizes the multiplication of four gets to go home first."

multiplication table
multiplication table


singkur

hidden and isolated, faraway from the crowd


sirorot

to lose altitude quickly by pointing downwards; to dive


hégar

happy; cheerful, particularly because of seeing such scenery


kokardeu

From Dutch kokarde, from French cocarde.


bagéa

From Old Sundanese bagéa (“happy”), from Sanskrit भाग्य (bhāgya, “luck”). Doublet of bagja. Cognate of Malay bahagia.

welcome (whose arrival is a cause of joy)


bagéa

welcome! (greeting given upon seeing someone coming)


karunya

From Old Sundanese karunya, from Sanskrit कारुण्य (kāruṇya, “compassion”). Doublet of kurnia. Compare Indonesian karunia (“blessing”).


karunya

Lamun ningali pilem ieu mah sok karunya ka watakna.

When I watch this film, I always feel sorry for the characters.


pikarunyaeun

head

pikarunyaeun (Sundanese script ᮕᮤᮊᮛᮥᮑᮉᮔ᮪)

beungeut pikarunyaeun


heujeun

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qəzən (“to bear down, i.e. in childbirth or defecation”). Cognate of Indonesian ejan, Javanese ngeden, Palauan mechell (“to have a baby”).

inh

to exert downward pressure on one's abdomen, as in giving birth or defecation; to bear down


bagja

Ultimately from Sanskrit भाग्य (bhāgya, “luck, fortune”). Doublet of bagéa. Cognate of Indonesian bahagia.

bor

jalma nu pangbagjana


humbut

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qubuj (“heart of palm, palm-cabbage”). Cognate of Malay umbut, Tagalog ubod.

inh

heart of palm (innermost part or pith of palms)


nyanyahoanan

Partial reduplication (rajékan dwipurwa) of nyaho (“to know”) with -an suffix + -an

Mun teu nyaho mah tong sok nyanyahoanan

If you don't know [about it], then don't be a smartass

to play smart (obnoxiously pretend to be knowledgeable), to be a smartass


béré nyaho

Compound of béré (“to give”) + nyaho (“to know”). Compare Indonesian beri tahu, Tagalog pagbigay-alaman.


pakuis

From Dutch pakhuis (“warehouse”). Cognate with Indonesian pakus (“warehouse”)

(historical, archaic) warehouse head or manager, particularly a salt warehouse, used during the colonial era


iatna

"Dina dua dinten ieu urug di Kuningan kerep. Sim kuring miharep hususna warga di daerah rawan urug supados iatna"...

2023 January 23, Ajun Mahrudin, quoting Indra Bayu, “Kerep, Urug di Kuningan, Warga Kudu Leuwih Iatna”, in Galura:

"In these two days, landslides have been frequent in Kuningan. I hope that residents, especially in landslide-prone areas, will remain cautious"...


keueung

eerie or uneasy, especially one evoked by loneliness or abandonment


Buana Panca Tengah

The Earth in Sunda Wiwitan cosmology; Middle Earth


sanglir

From Javanese ꦱꦁꦭꦶꦂ (sanglir, “cryptorchidism”)

der

(pathology) monorchidism (having only one testicle) due to cryptorchidism


jeujeuh

/ˈd͡ʒɤ.d͡ʒɤh/

sajeujeuh


ngajeujeuhan

head

ngajeujeuhan (Sundanese script ᮍᮏᮩᮏᮩᮠᮔ᮪)

(active voice) to measure something by foot manually (by placing one foot in front of the other)


ngajeujeuhkeun

ngajeujeuhkeun (Sundanese scrip ᮍᮏᮩᮏᮩᮂᮊᮩᮔ᮪)

to take care, manage, and lead someone or something


bitung

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bətuŋ (“bamboo of a very large diameter”). Compare Malay betung, Bikol Central butong.

inh

(botany) giant bamboo, Dendrocalamus asper


gawir

a steep slope, at the bottom of which there is an abyss; precipice or cliff


gadabah

to break or disregard a rule or convention

Wawanian pisan manéh ngagadabah pamajikan batur!

How dare you commit adultery with someone else's wife!


ᮊᮧᮜᮧᮒ᮪

head

ᮊᮧᮜᮧᮒ᮪ • (kolot)


ᮊᮧᮜᮧᮒ᮪

ᮊᮧᮜᮧᮒ᮪ • (kolot)


peunteun

From Dutch punten. Cognate of Indonesian ponten.

Si Adit boga peunteun saratus dina UTS Basa Inggrisna

Adit got a hundred on his English mid-term exam


peunteun

Sihoréng PR nu kamari teu acan dipeunteun

It turns out yesterday's homework hasn't been graded yet


waditra

Ultimately from Sanskrit वादित्र (vāditra, “musical instrument”). Compare Javanese ꦮꦣꦶꦠꦿ (waḍitra, “(archaic) gamelan or the like”)

cog

traditional Sundanese musical instruments (e.g. gamelan, suling, etc.)


bintih

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bintih (Sundanese script ᮘᮤᮔ᮪ᮒᮤᮂ, active ngabintih, passive dibintih)

ᮘᮤᮔ᮪ᮒᮤᮂ (Sundanese character)
ngabintih (active)
dibintih (passive)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bintiq (“calf-kicking contest”). Compare Tagalog binti (“leg, calf”), Manado Malay binti (“kick in the calf”), Tausug binti' (“knee-bending game”), and Malay benteh (“kicking with calf-bone”).


pasiar

From Portuguese passear (“to walk, stroll, travel”). Compare siar (“to look for”).

der

to stroll, to tour (on foot, on horseback, carriage, etc.)


ᮘᮤᮔ᮪ᮒᮤᮂ

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ᮘᮤᮔ᮪ᮒᮤᮂ • (bintih)


nyakrawati

From Old Sundanese nyakrawati. Equivalent to nga- + cakrawati.


ᮒᮥᮜᮥᮚ᮪

ᮒᮥᮜᮥᮚ᮪ • (tuluy)


ᮒᮥᮜᮥᮚ᮪

ᮒᮥᮜᮥᮚ᮪ • (tuluy)


srangéngé

From Old Sundanese srangéngé (“sun”), from Old Javanese sṛŋeŋe. Either:
* From Proto-Austroasiatic *tŋiːʔ (“sun; day”).
* From Old Javanese saṅ hyaṅṅwe (“the sun god/the day god”)


kaweruh

From Javanese ꦏꦮꦿꦸꦃ (kawruh, “knowledge”). By surface analysis, ka- + weruh.


Pabaru Cina

Ku alatan éta, henteu anéh lamun masarakat ngabogaan pikiran yén perayaan Pabaru China^([sic – meaning Cina]) atawa nu dipiwanoh ku sebutan Imlék, raket pisan patalina jeung hujan.

2023 February 3, Ubay Subarna, “Pabaru Cina”, in Sunda Urang, retrieved 2024-12-31:

Therefore, it comes as no surprise that people think the Chinese New Year celebration, or known as Imlek, is closely related to rain.


ᮕᮨᮁᮏᮥᮛᮤᮒ᮪

ᮕᮨᮁᮏᮥᮛᮤᮒ᮪ • (perjurit)


ᮘᮌᮦᮃ

ᮘᮌᮦᮃ • (bagéa)


canéla

From Javanese ꦕꦤꦺꦭ (canéla, “a kind of velvet slippers”) Portuguese chinela (“flip-flop”), ultimately from Italian pianella (“mule (heelless slipper)”). Distant cognate of Tagalog tsinelas.


ᮏᮤᮞᮤᮙ᮪

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ᮏᮤᮞᮤᮙ᮪ • (jisim)


ᮆᮔᮦᮀ

ᮆᮔᮦᮀ • (énéng)


ᮕᮔ᮪ᮒᮥᮔ᮪

ᮕᮔ᮪ᮒᮥᮔ᮪ • (pantun)


ᮒᮤᮙ᮪ᮘᮥᮛᮥ

ᮒᮤᮙ᮪ᮘᮥᮛᮥ • (timburu)


ᮒᮤᮙ᮪ᮘᮥᮛᮥ

ᮒᮤᮙ᮪ᮘᮥᮛᮥ • (timburu)


ᮃᮜ᮪ᮙᮨᮔᮊ᮪

ᮃᮜ᮪ᮙᮨᮔᮊ᮪ • (almenak)


ᮜᮧᮊᮦᮒ᮪

ᮜᮧᮊᮦᮒ᮪ • (lokét)


ᮓᮥᮄᮒ᮪

ᮓᮥᮄᮒ᮪ • (duit)


ᮛᮧᮛᮧᮙ᮪ᮕᮧᮊ᮪

ᮛᮧᮛᮧᮙ᮪ᮕᮧᮊ᮪ • (rorompok)


ᮈᮙ᮪ᮘᮦ

ᮈᮙ᮪ᮘᮦ • (embé)


ᮊᮥᮆᮂ

ᮊᮥᮆᮂ • (kuéh)


ᮕᮞᮛᮦᮃᮔ᮪

ᮕᮞᮛᮦᮃᮔ᮪ • (pasaréan)


kecap lemes

→ Indonesian: kecap lemes

kecap (“word”) + lemes (“smooth; fine”), literally “fine words”

compound

(linguistics, grammar) vocabularies that are used within basa lemes (“respectful and honorific language register”)


ᮊᮨᮛᮤᮞ᮪

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ᮊᮨᮛᮤᮞ᮪ • (keris)


sanajan

From Javanese ꦱꦤꦢꦾꦤ꧀ (sanadyan). By surface analysis, sa- + najan.


majik

From Old Sundanese majik. By surface analysis, nga- + pajik.

(archaic) to live alongside someone (in a building or house); to cohabit


pajaratan

From Javanese pajaratan. Perhaps from pa- -an + Arabic زِيَارَة (ziyāra, “pilgrimage”)


ᮊᮤᮓᮥᮜ᮪

ᮊᮤᮓᮥᮜ᮪ • (kidul)


pakidulan

SADAJANA oge tangtos parantos ngadangu, jen di pakidulan tanah Banten aja pagunungan anu ditjitjingan ku urang Baduj, nja eta bangsa urang, nu tuhu sareng keukeuh pageuh njekel agem-ageman talari karuhunna, ti baheula dugi ka kiwari.

1951, R. Djatnika Soeriadiradja, Baduj: Buku Batjaan Bahasa Sunda, Kementrian Pendidikan, Pengadjaran, dan Kebudajaan, page 6:

Everyone has certainly heard that in the southern part of the lands of Banten, there are mountains inhabited by the Baduy people, a part of our people, who truly and steadfastly hold on to the old traditions of their ancestors, from ancient times to the present.


kalér

From Javanese lèr, from Old Javanese lor, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lahud. Compare with Balinese ᬓᬮᬾᬃ (kalér, “north”).

Ti béh kalér kabireungeuh Béntang Padati.

From the north, the Big Dipper becomes visible.


katuhu

Perhaps from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuqu (“right, true”). Doublet of tuhu.

der

asa pingges leungeun katuhu

(literally, “to feel a fracture in the right hand”)


kénca

Lamun dahar, ulah maké leungeun kénca

When [you] eat, don't use the left hand.


ceunah

alternative spelling of cenah (“it/she/he is said”)


acarana

Blend of acara (“event”) + -na. Cognates to Kangean acarana (“the event”).


lawé

Borrowed from Javanese ꦭꦮꦺ (lawé, “thread, unit of 25”)

bor+

salawé

dua lawé

tilu lawé

(to form numbers that are multiple of 25)


samakta

Ultimately from Sanskrit समाप्त (samāpta, “perfect”). Cognate to Javanese ꦱꦩꦏ꧀ꦠ (samakta), Indonesian samapta.


ᮠᮧᮞ᮪

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ᮠᮧᮞ᮪ • (hos)


ngusik-ngusik ula mandi

(idiomatic) revisiting old issues that have already been resolved or forgotten, potentially causing new problems or stirring up unnecessary conflict;


gondéwa

From Sanskrit गाण्डीव (gāṇḍīva, “Gandiva, the divine bow of Arjuna”)


ᮌᮧᮔ᮪ᮓᮦᮝ

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ᮌᮧᮔ᮪ᮓᮦᮝ • (gondéwa)


mitoha

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-tuqah (“old, of people”), from Proto-Austronesian *ma-tuqaS. Cognate with Baduy mitoha, Indonesian mertua, Malay mentua, Buginese matoa.


ᮒᮨᮔᮥᮔ᮪ᮌ᮪

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ᮒᮨᮔᮥᮔ᮪ᮌ᮪ • (tenung)


katineung

desire (strong attraction, particularly romantic or intimate); affection


ᮙᮞ᮪ᮏᮤᮓ᮪

ᮙᮞ᮪ᮏᮤᮓ᮪ • (masjid)


hoé

From Old Sundanese hoé, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quay, from Proto-Austronesian *quay. Cognate with Tagalog uway, Western Cham hawei, Paiwan quai, Bunun huaz.


turusi

Ultimately from Tamil துருசு (turucu, “blue vitriol”). Cognate with Malay terusi, Malayalam തുരിശ് (turiśŭ).


béndi

From Javanese ꦧꦺꦤ꧀ꦢꦶ (béndi, “tilbury, chaise”), ultimately from Sanskrit भाण्ड (bhāṇḍa) via Prakrit 𑀪𑀡𑁆𑀟𑀻 (bhaṇḍī) and the Dravidian languages (cf. Tamil வண்டி (vaṇṭi, “vehicle”), Telugu బండి (baṇḍi, “carriage”)). Cognate with Indonesian bendi.

bor

tilbury; chaise (an open two-wheeled horse-drawn carriage)


ᮘᮦᮔ᮪ᮓᮤ

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ᮘᮦᮔ᮪ᮓᮤ • (béndi)


jahé

Cognate to Indonesian jahe, Old Javanese jahya.


sosoca

Partial reduplication (rajékan dwipurwa) of soca (“eye”).


kulub

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kulub (“to slow cook in a tightly covered vessel”). Compare Javanese ꦔꦸꦭꦸꦧ꧀ (ngulub) , Sasak kulup (“to cook by boiling”), Tagalog kulob (“tightly-covered, stuffy”).

cog

kulub suuk


reungit

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *rəŋit (“gnat, midge”). Cognate of Mongondow yongit, Maranao rengit, Brunei Malay rangit, Ponosakan yongit.


waliwis

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baliwis, *bariwis (“wild duck”). Compare Malay belibis, Javanese ꦩ꧀ꦭꦶꦮꦶꦱ꧀ (mliwis), and Tagalog baliwis.


haté

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatay, from Proto-Austronesian *qaCay. Doublet of ati.

Dasar jalma teu boga haté!

(figurative, more common) heart (mind, feeling)


kiara

Blend of ki + ara, the latter from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaʀa (“Ficus spp.”). Compare with Old Javanese hara.


ᮊᮦᮏᮧ

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ᮊᮦᮏᮧ • (kéjo)


parantos

From pa- + rantos. Compare sarantos (“a moment”)


parantos

Parantos mulih ka rahmatullah...

[He/she/they/it] has returned to the grace of God... (commonly used as an announcement)


lémpéng

piece of flattened tobacco, which weighs one-hundredth of a picul (equivalent to around 600 grams)


ᮊᮥᮙ᮪ᮕᮥᮜ᮪

ᮊᮥᮙ᮪ᮕᮥᮜ᮪ • (kumpul)


ᮎᮤᮛᮨᮘᮧᮔ᮪

ᮎᮤᮛᮨᮘᮧᮔ᮪ • (cirebon)


ᮙᮦᮔᮊ᮪

ᮙᮦᮔᮊ᮪ • (ménak)


kabubuahan

Related to buah (“fruit”). Compare with Indonesian buah pinggang (“ginjal”, literally “fruit of the waist”).


ᮊᮨᮘᮧᮔ᮪

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ᮊᮨᮘᮧᮔ᮪ • (kebon)


ᮃᮜ᮪ᮊᮤᮒᮘ᮪

ᮃᮜ᮪ᮊᮤᮒᮘ᮪ • (alkitab)


poléng

From Javanese ꦥꦺꦴꦭꦺꦁ (poléng, “check (pattern)”). Cognate with Balinese ᬧᭀᬮᬾᬂ (poleng)

der

check (patterns, e.g. plaid, gingham, etc.)


ᮕᮧᮜᮦᮀ

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ᮕᮧᮜᮦᮀ • (poléng)


babajég

Partial reduplication (rajékan dwipurwa) of bajég.


ᮍᮦᮏᮧ

ᮍᮦᮏᮧ • (ngéjo)


narah

(lemes, women's speech) to not want; not going to


uih

From mulih, ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *uliq. Doublet of mulih and muih. Compare Tagalog uwi.

Hayang uih!

(childish, now common) to return, to go home


panglayar

From pang- + layar. Named after its sail-like shape akin to a proa, also the final /r/ voice at the end of layar.

matchmaker (someone who finds suitable love partners for other people.)

ᮔ (na) + ◌ ᮁ (panglayar) → ᮔᮁ (nar)

(linguistics, in Sundanese script) A diacritic ⟨◌ ᮁ⟩ signifying the addition of the final /r/ sound at the end of a letter.


The visarga diacritic of the Sundanese script.


panyuku

From pang- + suku. Named after its placement at the bottom (or foot) of the letter.

ᮔ (na) + ◌ ᮥ (panyuku) → ᮔᮥ (nu)

A diacritical mark (rarangkén) ⟨◌ ᮥ⟩ signifying the vowel /u/ in the Sundanese script.


pamaéh

ᮔ (na) + ◌᮪ (∅) → ᮔ᮪ (n)

virama (a diacritic/ rarangkén ⟨◌᮪⟩ signifying the lack of a vowel)


The virama diacritic of the Sundanese script.


A diacritic signifying the addition of the final /ŋ/ sound at the end of a letter/syllable.


panéléng

ᮔ (na) + ◌ᮦ (panyuku) → ᮔᮦ (né)

A diacritic (rarangkén) ⟨◌ᮦ⟩ signifying the vowel /ɛ/ in the Sundanese script.


téléng

an open-mid front unrounded vowel (/ɛ/), "sharp e" (written as é in Sundanese latin orthography and ᮆ in native Sundanese script)


panyecek

ᮔ (na) + ◌ ᮀ (-ng) → ᮔᮦ (nang)

A diacritic (rarangkén) ⟨◌ ᮀ⟩ signifying the final /ŋ/ in the Sundanese script; anusvara.


panghulu

* From pang- + hulu. Compare Indonesian penghulu, Tagalog pangulo (“president”).
* Sense of diacritic is named after its placement at the top (or head) of the letter.

chief, head, leader (especially of religious affairs, mainly Islamic)

ᮔ (na) + ◌ᮤ (i) → ᮔᮦ (ni)

a diacritic (rarangkén) ⟨◌ᮤ⟩ signifying the vowel /i/ in the Sundanese script.


pangwisad

ᮔ (na) + ◌ᮂ (-h) → ᮔᮂ (nah)

visarga (a diacritic/rarangkén ⟨◌ᮂ⟩ signifying the final /h/ sound at the end of the letter)


aksara ngalagena

aksara ngalagena (Sundanese script ᮃᮊ᮪ᮞᮛ ᮍᮜᮌᮨᮔ)

(linguistics, orthography) consonant letters in the Sundanese script

Sundanese script consonants: Aksara Ngalagena: ᮊ


ngalagena

From earlier ngalegena, from Javanese ꦔ꧀ꦭꦼꦒꦼꦤ (nglegena, “naked; be suffice; without diacritics”), ultimately from Sanskrit नग्न (nagna, “naked”). Distant cognate of English naked.

der

(linguistics) consonant sounds without diacritics (rarangkén)


ᮞᮤᮔ᮪ᮓᮥᮊ᮪

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ᮞᮤᮔ᮪ᮓᮥᮊ᮪ • (sinduk)


Sérang

Indonesian: Serang

Serang (a city, the provincial capital of Banten, Indonesia)


ᮅᮞᮥᮊ᮪

ᮅᮞᮥᮊ᮪ • (usuk)


kanjut

Sense of 'sack' or 'purse' is no longer in common modern usage. Anatomical sense might have been from a clipping of kanjut kontol (literally “sack of the penis”), now synonymous with kontol (“penis”).

clipping

(now anatomy, by extension, vulgar) penis; dick


tambusu

Compare Minangkabau tambunsu (“intestines”).


kérod salawé

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kérod salawé (Sundanese script ᮊᮦᮛᮧᮓ᮪ ᮞᮜᮝᮦ)