alim

From Arabic عَالِم (ʕālim), active participle of عَلِمَ (ʕalima, “to know”).


baru

From Malay baharu, from Proto-Malayic *baharu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)baqəʀu, from Proto-Austronesian *(ma-)baqəʀuh. Doublet of bahayu


waas

Abdi mah mun ningali pasawahan téh sok waas.

Whenever I look at the rice fields, I'm always nostalgic.

feeling nostalgic; melancholic; wistful; saudade


buruk

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buʀuk, probably via Malay buruk.


bina

From Sanskrit भिन्न (bhinna, “broken, split, divided”).


lada

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lajaq.


limit

Compare Javanese ꦭꦶꦩꦶꦠ꧀ (limit, “(of a road) flat and smooth”)


boga

Ultimately from Sanskrit भोग (bhoga, “enjoyment, eating”). cf. Pali bhoga (“possession”).

der

Didoakeun sing jadi jalma boga


saat

dry (of something where there was water before)

dried up (eg. of a riverbed, ditch, pond, rice-field, well, kettle, where the water has evaporated)


amis

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *h(ə)mis.


hapa

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qapah. Cognate of Indonesian hampa.

sterile, infertile (of plants, rarely of animals and people


buta

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buta, from Proto-Austronesian *buCa.

(figurative) fail to recognize, acknowledge or perceive


alit

From Javanese ꦲꦭꦶꦠ꧀ (alit, “small”). Cognate to Balinese ᬳᬮᬶᬢ᭄ (alit)


puas

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puqas. Sense of 'satisfied in general' as a semantic loan from Indonesian puas

satisfied upon other's suffering or misfortune; to feel schadenfreude


tuman

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuman (“correct, proper”). Compare Javanese ꦠꦸꦩꦤ꧀ (tuman, “accustomed”), Cebuano túman (“to obey, fulfill”).

inh

Hésé da geus tuman.

It's hard because I already got used to it.


isin

From Javanese isin, from Old Javanese isin, hisin.


abot

From Javanese ꦲꦧꦺꦴꦠ꧀ (abot), from Old Javanese abwat from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)bəʀəqat. Doublet of beurat.


tiis

Compare Old Javanese tis, tīs, Javanese ꦲꦠꦶꦱ꧀ (atis).

Dinten ieu cai ti Situ Yamanaka karasa tiis.

Today, the water in Yamanaka Lake feels cold.


hiri

Inherited from Old Sundanese hiri, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qiʀih. Cognate with Indonesian iri.

Tong silih pahiri-hiri.


sué

Borrowed from Hokkien 衰 (soe, “to have bad luck”). Cognate with Indonesian soe, Singaporean English suay.


supit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *supit (“narrow; to pich; tongs”), from the root *-pit. Compare Central Malay supit, Malay sempit, Banjarese kipit, Bikol Central hayapit.


tanghi

From Old Javanese taṅhi. Cognate of Javanese ꦠꦔꦶ (tangi)


baal

Suntikan ieu téh ambéh baal pas dicabut gigi.

This injection is to make [you] feel numb during your tooth extraction.

Unable to feel physically, usually due to cold temperature or injection; numb


kersa

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦂꦱ (karsa, “intention”), from Old Javanese karsa, kaharṣa (“desire, wish; desired”).


awis

From Javanese ꦲꦮꦶꦱ꧀ (awis, “rare, expensive”)


tungi

keep oneself to oneself
keep oneself to oneself


gampang

From Javanese gampang. Doublet of hampang.


palay

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lapaʀ through metathesis. Cognate with Lampung Api palai (“tired”)


luas

Sense of 'wide' influenced by Indonesian (see luas).


atos

Atos emam, tong hilap wawasuh.

After you eat, don't forget to wash [your hands].

(formerly childish, now common) finished; done


Sunda

→ Indonesian: Sunda

Of Sanskrit origin, from the prefix सु- (su-, “possessing good quality”), found in words such as सुन्दर (sundara, “beautiful, pure”), सुवर्ण (suvarṇa, “gold”, literally “possessing good color”). Compare also the Asura brothers Sunda and Upasunda. More at Sunda.

Sundanese (of or pertaining to the Sundanese people)


jero

From Old Sundanese jero, jro, from Old Javanese jro (“interior; inner part; depth”).

sumur jero

Élmu agamana geus jero

Their religious knowledge is already profound.


manusa

From Prakrit 𑀫𑀡𑀼𑀲𑁆𑀲 (maṇussa), from Sanskrit मनुष्य (manuṣya).


baseuh

wet (covered with or impregnated with liquid)


ᮠᮦᮏᮧ

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ᮠᮦᮏᮧ • (héjo)


lemes

→ Indonesian: lemas (semantic loan)


kiwa

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦶꦮ (kiwa, “left”), from Old Javanese kiwa (“left”).


kayas

kayas (canonical)
ᮊᮚᮞ᮪ (canonical)
kayas (alternative)

having reddish white color, having pink color


geulis

→ Indonesian: geulis

→ Malay: gelis


sakedik

Partial calque of Javanese ꦱꦼꦏꦼꦝꦶꦏ꧀ (sekedhik).


ageung

Perhaps from Javanese ꦲꦒꦼꦁ (ageng). Cognate with Malay agung.


ipis

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *iŋ(e)pis. Compare Indonesian tipis


pungkur

Ultimately from Old Javanese puṅkur (“behind, back”). Compare pengker from Old Javanese pĕṅkĕr.


bareuh

From Proto-Austronesian *baReq (abscess)


konéng

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)kunij, from *kunij (“yellow, turmeric”).


haneut

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaŋət (“warm”).


bener

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bənər (“right, correct”).


ᮘᮨᮜᮨᮝᮥᮊ᮪

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ᮘᮨᮜᮨᮝᮥᮊ᮪ • (belewuk)


ajeg

Perhaps from Old Javanese adĕg (“standing erect, standing upright, (remaining) standing, stature; being in function, reigning, being established”). Doublet of adeg and ngadeg


lembut

Semantic loan from Indonesian lembut (“soft”)


ᮊᮧᮔᮦᮀ

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ᮊᮧᮔᮦᮀ • (konéng)


kabita

Urang osok kabita hayang dahar lamun ngaliwatan jalan ieu

I always feel like eating when I'm passing this road.

to find something enticing, alluring; to be interested in having something (that the speaker currently does not possess)


ᮠᮓᮦ

ᮠᮓᮦ • (hadé)


ᮒᮥᮅᮞ᮪

ᮒᮥᮅᮞ᮪ • (tuus)


ᮒᮤᮛᮤᮞ᮪

ᮒᮤᮛᮤᮞ᮪ • (tiris)


ᮒᮤᮄᮞ᮪

ᮒᮤᮄᮞ᮪ • (tiis)


ᮙᮨᮔ᮪ᮒᮥᮓ᮪

ᮙᮨᮔ᮪ᮒᮥᮓ᮪ • (mentud)


ᮕᮍᮦᮞ᮪ᮒᮥ

ᮕᮍᮦᮞ᮪ᮒᮥ • (pangéstu)


bangga

From Javanese ꦧꦁꦒ (bangga, “rebelling; difficult”), from Old Javanese bhaṅga (“to usurp, to rebel; arrogant, insolent”), from Sanskrit भङ्ग (bhaṅga, “dividing, destruction”).


bangga

Naon nu rék dibanggakeun tina sakola ieu?

What is there to be proud of about this school


anom

Javanese ꦲꦤꦺꦴꦩ꧀ (anom), from Old Javanese anwam (“young; light (of color)”).


ᮊᮥᮎᮨᮜ᮪

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ᮊᮥᮎᮨᮜ᮪ • (kucel)


ᮜᮨᮓᮢᮨᮊ᮪

ᮜᮨᮓᮢᮨᮊ᮪ • (ledrek)


ᮘᮧᮜᮧᮊᮧᮒ᮪

ᮘᮧᮜᮧᮊᮧᮒ᮪ • (bolokot)


ᮕᮧᮔ᮪ᮓᮧᮊ᮪

ᮕᮧᮔ᮪ᮓᮧᮊ᮪ • (pondok)


ᮄᮕᮤᮞ᮪

ᮄᮕᮤᮞ᮪ • (ipis)


ᮃᮏᮨᮌ᮪

ᮃᮏᮨᮌ᮪ • (ajeg)


ᮜᮨᮙ᮪ᮘᮥᮒ᮪

ᮜᮨᮙ᮪ᮘᮥᮒ᮪ • (lembut)


ᮘᮥᮔ᮪ᮓᮨᮁ

ᮘᮥᮔ᮪ᮓᮨᮁ • (bunder)


ᮘᮥᮛᮥᮊ᮪

ᮘᮥᮛᮥᮊ᮪ • (buruk)


ᮜᮨᮛᮨᮞ᮪

ᮜᮨᮛᮨᮞ᮪ • (leres)


ᮃᮜᮤᮒ᮪

ᮃᮜᮤᮒ᮪ • (alit)


ᮜᮨᮎᮨᮊ᮪

ᮜᮨᮎᮨᮊ᮪ • (lecek)


ᮃᮝᮧᮔ᮪

ᮃᮝᮧᮔ᮪ • (awon)


ᮃᮝᮤᮞ᮪

ᮃᮝᮤᮞ᮪ • (awis)


ᮃᮔᮧᮙ᮪

ᮃᮔᮧᮙ᮪ • (anom)


ᮃᮘᮧᮒ᮪

ᮃᮘᮧᮒ᮪ • (abot)


ᮃᮜᮤᮙ᮪

ᮃᮜᮤᮙ᮪ • (alim)


ᮜᮨᮙᮨᮞ᮪

ᮜᮨᮙᮨᮞ᮪ • (lemes)


ᮊᮤᮝ

kiwa (romanization)
lemes (romanization)


tuhu

From Old Sundanese tuhu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuqu (“right, true”). Doublet of katuhu. Cognate to Javanese tuhu, Tagalog totoo.

der

Kuring nyumpah yén kuring bakal tuhu ngalaksanakeun kalungguhan Présidén Amérika Sarikat...

I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States,


ᮜᮥᮃᮞ᮪

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ᮜᮥᮃᮞ᮪ • (luas)


binasa

From Malay binasa, from Sanskrit विनाश (vināśa).

Hukum térmodinamika nu kahiji nyatakeun yén énergi téh henteu bisa diciptakeun atawa dibinasakeun, ngan bisa diubah hungkul kana bentuk nu séjén

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed into other forms.


ruhak

emberlike (resembling the glowing light of ember.)


atoh

From Old Sundanese atoh, perhaps from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuaq (“luck, fortune”). Compare Malay tuah.


hampang

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hampaŋ. Doublet of gampang.


punah

Perhaps from Prakrit 𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡 (puṇṇa, “full”), from Sanskrit पूर्ण (pūrṇa, “full, fulfilled, complete”). Compare Pali puṇṇa, Hindi पून (pūn)


punah

Maung Bali téh geus punah ti taun 1900-an

The Bali tiger already went extinct in the 1900s

(more common) extinct, no longer in existence.


asak

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hasak, from Proto-Austronesian *Sasak. Compare Malay masak.


deukeut

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *deket (“adhesive”), from Proto-Austronesian *dekeC (“adhesive”). Cognates with Malay dekat.


hangit

From Proto-Austronesian *qaŋeSit (“stench, musky odor of an animal”) or Proto-Austronesian *qaŋeliC (“stench of burning substances”). Compare Malay hangit, Tagalog anghít.

inh

having the foul smell of clothes burning


mangplang

stretching far and wide (e.g. of water, the sea)


geuneuk

looking bluish (as a result of bruising); to be bruised up


gilidig

beaten (eg. of a path through the jungle)


cakueum

dark, gloomy (of a house or garden surrounded by overgrow trees etc.)


camaplang

to stretch wide (of an expanse of water etc.)


anteb

intense (with ref. to reflect upon, concentrate on something, feelings, beauty,etc.)

well-grounded (of someone's judgement etc.)


mérékététét

stunted, not growing, remaining small (of plants)


meuleuneu

neat, well-kept, tidy, clean (of a house)


ganjen

→ Indonesian: ganjen


kesel

From Old Javanese kĕsĕl. Cognate to Javanese ꦏꦼꦱꦼꦭ꧀ (kesel, “tired”), Indonesian kesal (“annoyed”).


wareg

From Javanese ꦮꦉꦒ꧀ (wareg), from Old Javanese warĕg.


hieum

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qiem (“shade, darkness, gloom”)


rampag

all (almost) equal, as big as long( with ref. to children, plants, acreage); everything all at once, (advance) in close ranks; be public (somewhere), be everywhere


leleb

intense (of smell, colours); close, fervent, profound (of love, affection); significant, meaningful (of a smile, look); impressive, serious (of disease, of so.'s speech)


rumpil

bad going (of a road), hardly accessible (terrain etc.), difficult (communication between two places); difficult to understand, complicated, obscure (of a theory etc.)


reuay

numerous (of so.'s brood, als of animals


rateng

(visible somewhere) in big numbers (esp. of lights, also kites)


raos

From Javanese ꦫꦲꦺꦴꦱ꧀ (raos, “taste; feeling”), from Sanskrit रस (rasa), Doublet of asa and rasa.


rantab

seen everywhere (e.g. houses in an area)


ᮃᮒᮧᮞ᮪

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ᮃᮒᮧᮞ᮪ • (atos)


pareum

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *padem. Cognate with Indonesian padam.


buhun

Probably from Proto-Austronesian *puqun (“base of a tree, origin”)

der

Basa Sunda Buhun


merdika

From Sanskrit महर्द्धिक (maharddhika, “prosperous”). Cognate of Javanese ꦩꦂꦢꦶꦏ (mardika), Indonesian merdeka, Tagalog maharlika.


pesing

having the foul smell of urine; piss stink


kasurupan

Pas si Ijal nuju ka leuweung, manehna kasurupan.

"When Ijal was going to the woods, he got possessed."

possessed (being controlled by evil spirits)


hanaang

taneuh hanaang


sasari

sasari (canonical)
ᮞᮞᮛᮤ (canonical)
sasari (alternative)

Kang Ujang sasarina maké kaos partéi mun keur ngahuma.

Kang Ujang usually wears a political party shirt when he's farming on the fields.

daily; day-to-day; ordinary; usual; general


mustari

head

mustari or ᮙᮥᮞ᮪ᮒᮛᮤ or مُسْتَرِي • (mustari or transliteration needed)

mustari (canonical)
ᮙᮥᮞ᮪ᮒᮛᮤ (canonical)
مُسْتَرِي (canonical)

From Malay Musytari (“Jupiter”), from Classical Malay مشتري (musytari, “Jupiter”), from Arabic المُشْتَرِي (al-muštarī, “Jupiter”). Doublet of Mustari.

der

waktu mustari – time of good fortune


teu nyaho di alip bingkeng

Literally, "Not knowing a crooked alif". Perhaps referring to the 'alif maqsurah' (ى).


balangah

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laŋaq (“simple-minded”)

Lamun keur nyetir, tong balangah. Matak cilaka ka batur jeung ka hidep.

When you're driving, don't be reckless. It will cause accidents to others and yourself.


balagadigdeug

Si éta mah da jalma balagadigdeug.


hampang birit

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hampang birit (Sundanese script ᮠᮙ᮪ᮕᮀ ᮘᮤᮛᮤᮒ᮪)


loh jinawi

From Javanese ꦭꦺꦴꦃ ꦗꦶꦤꦮꦶ (loh jinawi, “the Ganges, fertile”), ultimately from Sanskrit जाह्नवी (Jāhnavī, “a name for Ganga”)

der

(poetic) fertile (of a land), richly endowed with streams.


mohal

From Arabic مُحَال (muḥāl, “impossible”). Cognate with Javanese mokal.


cameuh

lantern-jawed (having a protruding lower jaw); mandibular prognathism


gurawés

Talaga teh kaboedeur koe pasir, toer gurawes matak lĕwang, loehoerna ratoesan elo...

1930, “Mangle. Amengan ka Goenoeng Talagabodas”, in Volksalmanak Soenda XII, Bale Poestaka, page 236:

The lake is surrounded by hills, which are frighteningly steep. Their heights hundreds of ells tall...

steep (of gradients, e.g. surface, slope, etc.)


pituin

emas pituin

Si Aji urang Bandung pituin

Tangkal ieu pituin ti Okinawa


jorang

(rare) uncivilized or impolite (lacking manners)


walurat

From Arabic ضَرُورَات (ḍarūrāt). Doublet of darurat

bor

Arabic ضَرُورَات (ḍarūrāt)


timburu

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buʀəhuʔ (“jealous”). Cognate with Malay cemburu, Tagalog panibugho, Cebuano abubho, Toba Batak iburu, Bima wu'u.

full of apprehension (anticipation of something)


hangseur

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaŋeseʀ (“stench of urine”). Cognate with Ilocano angseg

inh+

Naha mani hangseur jamban téh?


sinarieun

Sinarieun jam sakieu panonpoé acan bijil

It's unusual for the sun to not be up at this hour

out of the ordinary
out of the ordinary#English

Used to express mild surprise to indicate that something unusual, unexpected, or out of the ordinary occurs.


tumaninah

From Malay tumakninah, tamakninah, from Arabic طمأنينة (“tranquility”)

(Islam) (in performing salat) to be calm and motionless in certain positions


beurat

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀəqat. Doublet of abot.


singkur

hidden and isolated, faraway from the crowd


hégar

happy; cheerful, particularly because of seeing such scenery


bagéa

From Old Sundanese bagéa (“happy”), from Sanskrit भाग्य (bhāgya, “luck”). Doublet of bagja. Cognate of Malay bahagia.

welcome (whose arrival is a cause of joy)


karunya

From Old Sundanese karunya, from Sanskrit कारुण्य (kāruṇya, “compassion”). Doublet of kurnia. Compare Indonesian karunia (“blessing”).


pikarunyaeun

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pikarunyaeun (Sundanese script ᮕᮤᮊᮛᮥᮑᮉᮔ᮪)

beungeut pikarunyaeun


bagja

Ultimately from Sanskrit भाग्य (bhāgya, “luck, fortune”). Doublet of bagéa. Cognate of Indonesian bahagia.

bor

jalma nu pangbagjana


iatna

"Dina dua dinten ieu urug di Kuningan kerep. Sim kuring miharep hususna warga di daerah rawan urug supados iatna"...

2023 January 23, Ajun Mahrudin, quoting Indra Bayu, “Kerep, Urug di Kuningan, Warga Kudu Leuwih Iatna”, in Galura:

"In these two days, landslides have been frequent in Kuningan. I hope that residents, especially in landslide-prone areas, will remain cautious"...


keueung

eerie or uneasy, especially one evoked by loneliness or abandonment


ᮊᮧᮜᮧᮒ᮪

head

ᮊᮧᮜᮧᮒ᮪ • (kolot)


ᮒᮤᮙ᮪ᮘᮥᮛᮥ

ᮒᮤᮙ᮪ᮘᮥᮛᮥ • (timburu)


katuhu

Perhaps from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuqu (“right, true”). Doublet of tuhu.

der

asa pingges leungeun katuhu


kénca

Lamun dahar, ulah maké leungeun kénca

When [you] eat, don't use the left hand.


samakta

Ultimately from Sanskrit समाप्त (samāpta, “perfect”). Cognate to Javanese ꦱꦩꦏ꧀ꦠ (samakta), Indonesian samapta.


kulub

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kulub (“to slow cook in a tightly covered vessel”). Compare Javanese ꦔꦸꦭꦸꦧ꧀ (ngulub) , Sasak kulup (“to cook by boiling”), Tagalog kulob (“tightly-covered, stuffy”).

cog

kulub suuk


parantos

From pa- + rantos. Compare sarantos (“a moment”)


kandel kulit beungeut

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ᮊᮔ᮪ᮓᮨᮜ᮪ ᮊᮥᮜᮤᮒ᮪ ᮘᮩᮍᮩᮒ᮪

kandel kulit beungeut (Sundanese script ᮊᮔ᮪ᮓᮨᮜ᮪ ᮊᮥᮜᮤᮒ᮪ ᮘᮩᮍᮩᮒ᮪)

ᮊᮔ᮪ᮓᮨᮜ᮪ ᮊᮥᮜᮤᮒ᮪ ᮘᮩᮍᮩᮒ᮪ (Sundanese character)

Literally, "thick facial skin". Compare Tagalog matigas ang mukha.


haseum

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaləsəm. Doublet of asem. Sense of 'acidic' might be a semantic loan from Dutch zuur (“sour, acid”)


pangsiun

ᮕᮀᮞᮤᮅᮔ᮪ (Sundanese character)
pengsiun (alternative)
pansiun (alternative)


sorangan

Analyzed as sa- + urang + -an. Compare Banjarese saurangan/surangan (“alone, oneself”), Malay seorang (“one (of a person)”).

Manéhna hirup sorangan

batur sorangan


wirang

From Old Sundanese wirang, from Old Javanese wiraṅ. Cognates with Javanese ꦮꦶꦫꦁ (wirang), Indonesian birang.


tanwandé

From Old Javanese tan wanḍya, tan wande. Reanalyzed as blend of tan + wandé


Kasdim

From Hebrew כַּשְׂדִּים (kasdím, “Chaldean”) Likely introduced by Coolsma for his translation of the New Testament.

urang Kasdim

(biblical) Chaldean; pertaining to Chaldea


parek

ᮕᮛᮨᮊ᮪ (Sundanese character)
parĕk (alternative)
parék (alternative)

From Old Sundanese parek. Cognate of Javanese ꦥꦉꦏ꧀ (parek).


caang

caang bulan opat welas, jalan gede sasapuan


nyalira

ᮑᮜᮤᮛ (Sundanese character)
nyarira (alternative)

Analyzed as N- + salira, ultimately from Sanskrit शरीर (śarīra, “body”).

Sim kuring hirup nyalira


balég

From Arabic بَالِغ (bāliḡ, “pubescent; mature, of age”)

bor

Teu balég pisan jadi jelema téh


bungah

Compare Javanese ꦧꦸꦔꦃ (bungah, “joyful; happy”), Old Javanese buṅah (“brightness; joy; cheerfulness”)


goréng

From Old Sundanese goreng (“awful, bad, misbehaving”).


tibra

Perhaps from Sanskrit तीव्र (tīvra, “strong, severe, violent, intense, hot, pervading, excessive, ardent, sharp, acute”). Compare Old Javanese tībra.