Australia

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the land on the Australian tectonic plate, i.e. Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


magnesia

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μαγνησία (λίθος) (Magnēsía (líthos), “(stone of) Magnesia”), name of several minerals from the region in Asia Minor.

bor+

Μαγνησία (λίθος)


delta

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δέλτα (délta).


escudo

Inherited from Old Spanish escudo, from Latin scūtum, from Proto-Indo-European *skei- (“to cut, split”), an extension of *sek- (“to cut”). Cognate with English écu, scudo and escudo.


atlas

(cartography) atlas (a bound collection of maps often including tables, illustrations or other text)


GPS

Global Positioning System
Global Positioning System

(cartography) GPS, Global Positioning System


alcohol

→ Basque: alkohol

→ Quechua: alkul

From Andalusian Arabic اَلْكُحُول (al-kuḥū́l), from Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”).


accidente

→ Tagalog: aksidente

[aɣ̞.θiˈð̞ẽn̪.t̪e]


mesa

Chavacano: mesa

→ Catalan: mesa

⇒ Cebuano: lamesa

→ Chamicuro: mesa

→ Guaraní: mesa

→ English: mesa

→ Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: mesa

⇒ Higaonon: lamesa

→ Highland Popoluca: mesa

→ Kituba: mesa

→ O'odham: miːsa

→ Tagalog: mesa, ⇒ lamesa

→ Tausug: lamisahan

→ Ye'kwana: mesa

desc

→ Zacatlán-Ahuacatlán-Tepetzintla Nahuatl: mesa

→ Zoogocho Zapotec: mes

Inherited from Vulgar Latin mēsa, from Latin mēnsa. Cognate with Bengali মেজ (mej), Hindi मेज़ (mez), and Malayalam മേശ (mēśa).


jade

Borrowed from French jade, back formation from le jade, rebracketing of earlier l'éjade (“jade”), from Spanish piedra de ijada (literally “flank stone”), via Vulgar Latin *iliata from Latin ilia (“flank”) (jade was thought to cure pains in the side).


tierra

Inherited from Latin terra, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”).

(geography) land, ground (the part of Earth which is not covered by oceans or other bodies of water)

(geology) earth, soil (the unconsolidated mineral or organic material on the immediate surface of the earth)


madre

→ Tagalog: madre

Inherited from Latin mātrem (“mother, matron”), from Proto-Italic *mātēr, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr. Compare English matron.


placer

Related to placel (“sandbank”), from plaza (“place”).

(geology, mining) placer (place where the superficial detritus is washed for gold)


polo

Borrowed from Latin polus, from Ancient Greek πόλος (pólos).


gola

Inherited from Old Spanish gola, from Latin gula, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷel- (“throat”). Doublet of the borrowing gula.


garganta

Brill Publishers
The Life of Gargantua and of Pantagruel

q

French: Gargantua (a character from François Rabelais's 16th-century pentalogy The Life of Gargantua and of Pantagruel.)

English: gargantuan

French: gargantuesque

→ Haitian Creole: gagann

[ɡaɾˈɣ̞ãn̪.t̪a]

From a substrate language *gʷr̥h₃gn̥t- (“throat”), cognate with Proto-Celtic *brāgants (“neck, throat”) and English craw (from Proto-Germanic *k(w)ragan(þ)-), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“to swallow”). Alternatively, onomatopoeic. Compare English gargle.


mica

Borrowed from Latin mīca. Compare the inherited doublet miga.


arena

Inherited from Latin arēna, possibly of Etruscan origin. Compare English arena.

arena muerta

arenas movedizas

chorro de arena


caldera

→ English: caldera

→ Italian: caldera

From Late Latin caldāria (“cooking-pot”), caldārium, derived from Latin caldus (“hot”). Doublet of caldero.


gabacho

es-adj

gabacho (feminine gabacha, masculine plural gabachos, feminine plural gabachas)

gabacha (feminine)
gabachos (masculine plural)
gabachas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Occitan gavach originally ‘bird’s crop, goitre, swelling’, later ‘mountain-dweller, northerner, peasant’ (because of the high incidence of disease in these populations).


altiplano

La Mancha es un altiplano.


zócalo

→ English: zocalo

From Latin socculus, diminutive of soccus (“slipper”).

(geology) basement, shelf (mass of rock underlying sedimentary cover)


yacimiento

yacimiento mineral


piropo

→ Portuguese: piropo

From Latin pyropus, from Ancient Greek πυρωπός (purōpós, “fire-colored”), from πῦρ (pûr, “fire”).


joya

Borrowed from Old French joie, alternative form of jouel (source of modern French joyau and Spanish joyel), from Latin jocus.

(El Salvador, Puerto Rico, rustic, geography) basin


Pangea

(geology) Pangaea (a former supercontinent that included all the landmasses of the earth before the Triassic period and that broke up into Laurasia and Gondwana)


karst

Borrowed from German der Karst, name of a limestone region in Slovenia.


falla

Likely from Catalan falla, with the geological sense from French faille.

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines


edad

→ Hiligaynon: edad

→ Tagalog: edad

Inherited from Old Spanish edat, from Latin aetātem, from syncope of earlier aevitās, from Proto-Italic *aiwotāts, from *aiwom + *-tāts, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyu- (“vital energy”), from *h₂ey-. Compare English eternity and English eon.


época

épocas (plural)
epoca (alternative obsolete)
epocha (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin epocha, from Ancient Greek ἐποχή (epokhḗ, “a check, cessation, stop, pause, epoch of a star, i.e., the point at which it seems to halt after reaching the highest, and generally the place of a star; hence, a historical epoch”), from ἐπέχω (epékhō, “to hold in, check”), from ἐπι- (epi-, “upon”) + ἔχω (ékhō, “to have, hold”).


etapa

Borrowed from French étape (from the same etymological root as English staple).


istmo

Learned borrowing from Latin isthmus, from Ancient Greek ῐ̓σθμός (ĭsthmós, “neck”).

(geography) isthmus (narrow strip of land)


período

Learned borrowing from New Latin periodus, from Ancient Greek περίοδος (períodos, “circuit, period of time, path around”), from περι- (peri-, “around”) + ὁδός (hodós, “way”).

der

(geology) period (a geochronologic unit of millions to tens of millions of years)


cinturón

→ Tagalog: sinturón

[θĩn̪.t̪uˈɾõn]

From cintura + -ón. Compare Portuguese cinturão.


colina

Borrowed from Italian collina, from Late Latin collīna, from the feminine of Latin collīnus, from collis (“hill”) + -ina, from Proto-Indo-European *kl̥Hnís (“top, hill, rock”).


cordillera

→ English: cordillera

→ Italian: cordigliera

Inherited from Old Spanish cordilla, cordiella, diminutive of cuerda (“a rope, string”). See English cord.

(geography) cordillera (extensive mountain range)


paso

Inherited from Old Spanish paso, from Latin passus (“step, pace”). Cognate with Catalan pas, Romanian pas, Galician paso, Portuguese passo and English pace and pass.


seno

Inherited from Old Spanish seno, from Latin sinus, from Proto-Indo-European *sinos. Compare French sein, Italian seno, Romanian sân, Romansch sain.


sardo

es-noun

sardo m (countable and uncountable, plural sardos)


estrecho

Inherited from Old Spanish estrecho, from Latin strictus. Doublet of estricto, which was borrowed from Latin.


barro

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *barrum (“clay, mud”), from Paleo-Hispanic, possibly Celtic; compare Middle Irish broch (“waste, dregs”) and Gaulish *barros (“the bushy end”).


faja

Borrowed from Aragonese faixa, from Latin fascia, whence also the now rare inherited doublet haza (“portion of land for sowing”).


grado

Inherited from Old Spanish grado (“staircase; rank, dignity”), inherited from Latin gradus (“a step, pace; step of a staircase; degree”), derived from Proto-Indo-European *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”). The retention of the -d- is due to the invalidity of the -ao hiatus in Old Spanish that would result from dropping it, compare the retention of -d- and -g- in vado, espárrago, agosto, llaga. Portuguese grau. Doublet of grao.

der

El agua suele hervir a cien grados centígrados.

Water usually boils at 100 degrees Celsius.


estribo

Uncertain; probably from a Germanic language. Cognate with Portuguese estribo, Catalan estrep, Occitan estreup, and French étrier.


creta

Borrowed from Latin crēta. Compare greda.


tuya

Borrowed from English tuya, from an Athabaskan language.


cañón

→ English: canyon

→ Polish: kanion

→ Tagalog: kanyon

From caño (“tube, pipe”) + -ón (augmentative).


-ía

es-noun

-ía f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ías)

araucano (“Araucanian”) + -ía → Araucanía (“Araucania”)

(geography) forms the names of places from their inhabitants; -ia


golfo

Inherited from Vulgar Latin or Late Latin colfus, colphus, culfus, alteration of colpus following hypercorrection of the popular pronunciation of Latin 'ph' as 'p', itself from Ancient Greek κόλπος (kólpos).


cayo

→ English: cay, key, cayo

Borrowed from Taíno cayo (“small island”).


cabo

Inherited from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput, from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-. Doublet of jefe and chef.

(geography) cape, headland (piece or point of land, extending beyond the adjacent coast into a sea or lake)


cuesta

Inherited from Latin costa (“rib; side, wall”), later coming to mean “edge” or “coast” in Medieval Latin. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kost-. Compare the borrowed doublet costa.

inh+

(geology) slope (acclivity or declivity)


manto

Chavacano: manto

→ English: manto

Inherited from Late Latin mantum, back-formation from mantellum, ultimately from Gaulish [Term?].


formación

Borrowed from Latin formātiōnem. Cognate with Catalan formació, Occitan formacion.


granate

Borrowed from Occitan granat, from Medieval Latin grānātus. See English garnet.


llanura

From llano + -ura. Compare Portuguese planura, Italian pianura.


antártico

es-adj

antártico (feminine antártica, masculine plural antárticos, feminine plural antárticas)

antártica (feminine)
antárticos (masculine plural)
antárticas (feminine plural)
antárctico (alternative rare)

Borrowed from Latin antarcticus, from Ancient Greek ἀνταρκτικός (antarktikós, “opposite the arctic”).


arista

Borrowed from Latin arista. Doublet of aresta, which was inherited.


faz

From Old Spanish faz, from Latin faciēs. Doublet of facies and haz (“face”).


arrecife

Inherited from Old Spanish [Term?], from Arabic رَصِيف (raṣīf), via Andalusian Arabic. Doublet of Recife.


ablación

(geology) ablation (the removal of a glacier)


matriz

Borrowed from Latin mātrīcem, from māter (“mother”), from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr (“mother”).


abrasión

(geology) abrasion (the effect of erosion of rock)


lecho

Inherited from Old Spanish lecho, llecho, from Latin lectus (or from the variant Latin lectum). Cognate with Galician and Portuguese leito, Catalan llit, Asturian llechu, and French lit.

(geology) stratum (layer of sedimentary rock)


escoria

Either borrowed from Latin scoria, from Ancient Greek σκωρία (skōría), or possibly a popular continuation of a Vulgar Latin scauria, an Iberian variant of this word.


talco

Borrowed from Arabic طَلْق (ṭalq), from Persian تلک (talk).


malpaís

From mal (“bad”) + país (“land, country”). Compare Sicilian Malupassu.


diaspro

Borrowed from Italian diaspro, ultimately from Ancient Greek ἴασπις (íaspis).


sedimentario

es-adj

sedimentario (feminine sedimentaria, masculine plural sedimentarios, feminine plural sedimentarias)

sedimentaria (feminine)
sedimentarios (masculine plural)
sedimentarias (feminine plural)


moscovita

moscovitas (plural)
muscovita (alternative)


terciario

Borrowed from Latin tertiārius. Doublet of tercero, which was inherited.


tectónico

tectónico (feminine tectónica, masculine plural tectónicos, feminine plural tectónicas)

tectónica (feminine)
tectónicos (masculine plural)
tectónicas (feminine plural)


sísmico

sísmico (feminine sísmica, masculine plural sísmicos, feminine plural sísmicas)

sísmica (feminine)
sísmicos (masculine plural)
sísmicas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from French sismique, from Ancient Greek σεισμός (seismós). By surface analysis, sismo + -ico.

(geology) seismic (relating to earthquakes)


orogenia

From Ancient Greek ὄρος (óros, “mountain, high ground”) + γενεια (geneia, “creation, birth, making”). By surface analysis, oro- + -genia.


polimorfo

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πολύμορφος (polúmorphos). By surface analysis, poli- + -morfo.


ígneo

es-adj

ígneo (feminine ígnea, masculine plural ígneos, feminine plural ígneas)

ígnea (feminine)
ígneos (masculine plural)
ígneas (feminine plural)

From Latin igneus (“fiery, hot, on fire, burning; ardent, fervid, vehement”), from ignis (“fire”).


metamórfico

es-adj

metamórfico (feminine metamórfica, masculine plural metamórficos, feminine plural metamórficas)

metamórfica (feminine)
metamórficos (masculine plural)
metamórficas (feminine plural)


plutónico

plutónico (feminine plutónica, masculine plural plutónicos, feminine plural plutónicas)

plutónica (feminine)
plutónicos (masculine plural)
plutónicas (feminine plural)


placa tectónica

es-noun

placa tectónica f (plural placas tectónicas)


cinabrio

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin cinnabaris, from Ancient Greek κιννάβαρι (kinnábari).


antracita

antracitas (plural)
antracito (alternative)


meseta

From mesa (“raised land”) + -eta (diminutive suffix).


paleolítico

es-adj

paleolítico (feminine paleolítica, masculine plural paleolíticos, feminine plural paleolíticas)

paleolítica (feminine)
paleolíticos (masculine plural)
paleolíticas (feminine plural)


nevero

Inherited from Latin nivārius, from nix, nivis (“snow”).

(glaciology) névé (firn or snowfield at the head of a glacier)


aragonito

aragonitos (plural)
aragonita (alternative)


aaleniano

aaleniano (feminine aaleniana, masculine plural aalenianos, feminine plural aalenianas)

aaleniana (feminine)
aalenianos (masculine plural)
aalenianas (feminine plural)

From German Aalen, name of a city in Baden-Württemberg, -iano.

(geology, paleontology) Aalenian (of or relating to the Aalenian epoch)


sismológico

sismológico (feminine sismológica, masculine plural sismológicos, feminine plural sismológicas)

sismológica (feminine)
sismológicos (masculine plural)
sismológicas (feminine plural)


piedra de luna

es-noun

piedra de luna f (plural piedras de luna)


gravimétrico

es-adj

gravimétrico (feminine gravimétrica, masculine plural gravimétricos, feminine plural gravimétricas)

gravimétrica (feminine)
gravimétricos (masculine plural)
gravimétricas (feminine plural)


pallar

es-verb

pallar (first-person singular present pallo, first-person singular preterite pallé, past participle pallado)

pallo (first-person present singular)
pallé (first-person preterite singular)
pallado (participle past)
pallar (infinitive)
pallando (gerund)
pallado (masculine participle past singular)
pallada (feminine participle past singular)
pallados (masculine participle past plural)
palladas (feminine participle past plural)
pallo (first-person indicative present singular)
pallas (indicative informal present second-person singular)
pallás (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
palla (indicative present singular third-person)
pallamos (first-person indicative plural present)
palláis (indicative plural present second-person)
pallan (indicative plural present third-person)
pallaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pallabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pallaba (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pallábamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pallabais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pallaban (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pallé (first-person indicative preterite singular)
pallaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
palló (indicative preterite singular third-person)
pallamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
pallasteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
pallaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
pallaré (first-person future indicative singular)
pallarás (future indicative second-person singular)
pallará (future indicative singular third-person)
pallaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
pallaréis (future indicative plural second-person)
pallarán (future indicative plural third-person)
pallaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
pallarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
pallaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
pallaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
pallaríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
pallarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
palle (first-person present singular subjunctive)
palles (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
pallés (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
palle (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pallemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
palléis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pallen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pallara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
pallaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pallara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
palláramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pallarais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pallaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pallase (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
pallases (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
pallase (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
pallásemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
pallaseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
pallasen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
pallare (first-person future singular subjunctive)
pallares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
pallare (future singular subjunctive third-person)
palláremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
pallareis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
pallaren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
palla (imperative informal second-person singular)
pallá (imperative informal second-person singular vos-form)
palle (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
palle (imperative singular third-person)
pallemos (first-person imperative plural)
pallad (imperative plural second-person)
pallen (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
pallen (imperative plural third-person)
palles (imperative negative second-person singular)
palle (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
palle (imperative negative singular third-person)
pallemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
palléis (imperative negative plural second-person)
pallen (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
pallen (imperative negative plural third-person)

Borrowed from Quechua pállay (“harvest, pick up from the ground”).


atolón

Borrowed from Middle French atolon, from Dhivehi އަތޮޅު (atoḷu).


plutoniano

es-adj

plutoniano (feminine plutoniana, masculine plural plutonianos, feminine plural plutonianas)

plutoniana (feminine)
plutonianos (masculine plural)
plutonianas (feminine plural)


oolito

From Ancient Greek ᾠόν (ōión, “egg”) + -lito.


oolítico

oolítico (feminine oolítica, masculine plural oolíticos, feminine plural oolíticas)

oolítica (feminine)
oolíticos (masculine plural)
oolíticas (feminine plural)


diamantífero

diamantífero (feminine diamantífera, masculine plural diamantíferos, feminine plural diamantíferas)

diamantífera (feminine)
diamantíferos (masculine plural)
diamantíferas (feminine plural)


ocaso

Borrowed from Latin occāsus, deverbal from occido (“to fall down, set”).


trópico

From Latin tropicus, from Ancient Greek τροπικός (tropikós), from τροπή (tropḗ, “a turning”).


estribación

(geography) spur, ridge, buttress (protruding part of mountains)


alógeno

es-adj

alógeno (feminine alógena, masculine plural alógenos, feminine plural alógenas)

alógena (feminine)
alógenos (masculine plural)
alógenas (feminine plural)


parteaguas

Verb-object compound, composed of parte (“to divide, to split”) + aguas (“waters”). Compare German Wasserscheide and Italian spartiacque (literally “water-divide”).


tosca

Derived from the adjective tosco (“crude, coarse, rough”).


anfíbol

Borrowed from French amphibole, from Latin amphibolus (“ambiguous”), from Ancient Greek ἀμφίβολος (amphíbolos, “put round, encompassing”), from ἀμφί (amphí, “around, on both sides”) + βάλλω (bállō, “to throw”).


soroche

Soroche... (24) .. Soroche con agujas...

1792, Sociedad académica de amantes de Lima, Mercurio peruano de historia, literatura, y noticias públicas que da á luz la Sociedad academica de amantes de Lima, y en su nombre J. Calero y Moreira, Nomenclatura Peruana, page 203:

Diferenciase de esta manera el Soroche, Tacona, Polvorilla, Rosiclér, Cochizo y Negrillo. Es el Soroche negro ó ceniciento, resplandeciente y sin viveza, que llaman muerto metal de plomo, y suele tener Plata.

1817, Alvaro Alonso Barba, Arte de los metales, page 83:

Soroche fino de Chile

1860, Ignacio Domeyko, Elementos de mineralojia, page 123:

A cada dos partes de mineral le añadían una de soroche.

2004, Fermín del Pino, Dos mundos, dos culturas:

To each two parts of mineral was added one of galena.

Este tratamiento se reducía a una simple copelación: introducido el mineral en el hornillo, se le fundía, sólo o mezclado con soroche (mineral cargado de plomo), hasta que corría la plata, quedando depositada la escoria.

2004, Ciro Bayo, El peregrino en Indias, page 99:


cordal

(geography) range; mountain range, sierra


batimétrico

es-adj

batimétrico (feminine batimétrica, masculine plural batimétricos, feminine plural batimétricas)

batimétrica (feminine)
batimétricos (masculine plural)
batimétricas (feminine plural)

From bati- + -métrico or batimetría + -ico.


micáceo

micáceo (feminine micácea, masculine plural micáceos, feminine plural micáceas)

micácea (feminine)
micáceos (masculine plural)
micáceas (feminine plural)


hubnerita

hubneritas (plural)
hübnerita (alternative)
huebnerita (alternative)


freático

freático (feminine freática, masculine plural freáticos, feminine plural freáticas)

freática (feminine)
freáticos (masculine plural)
freáticas (feminine plural)

From Ancient Greek φρέᾱτος (phréātos, “well, spring”).


deriva continental

es-noun

deriva continental f (plural derivas continentales)


albita

(mineralogy) albite (plagioclase feldspar)


andesina

(mineralogy) andesine (sodium calcium aluminum silicate)


anhidrita

(mineralogy) anhydrite (saline evaporite)


anortoclasa

(mineralogy) anorthoclase (group of feldspars)


aragonita

(mineralogy) Alternative form of aragonito


holoceno

es-adj

holoceno (feminine holocena, masculine plural holocenos, feminine plural holocenas)

holocena (feminine)
holocenos (masculine plural)
holocenas (feminine plural)

(geology) Holocene (relating to the epoch from about 11,000 years ago to the present)


acantita

(mineralogy) acanthite (a mineral form of silver sulfide)


acelerógrafo

(seismology) accelerograph (instrument used to record the acceleration of the ground during an earthquake)


proterozoico

proterozoico (feminine proterozoica, masculine plural proterozoicos, feminine plural proterozoicas)

proterozoica (feminine)
proterozoicos (masculine plural)
proterozoicas (feminine plural)

(geology) Proterozoic (relating to the eon from 2,500 to 541 million years ago)


actinolita

(mineralogy) actinolite (mineral with monoclinic crystals belonging to the amphibole group)


GNC

(petrochemistry) CNG (compressed natural gas)


buzar

es-verb

buzar (first-person singular present buzo, first-person singular preterite bucé, past participle buzado)

buzo (first-person present singular)
bucé (first-person preterite singular)
buzado (participle past)
buzar (infinitive)
buzando (gerund)
buzado (masculine participle past singular)
buzada (feminine participle past singular)
buzados (masculine participle past plural)
buzadas (feminine participle past plural)
buzo (first-person indicative present singular)
buzas (indicative informal present second-person singular)
buzás (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
buza (indicative present singular third-person)
buzamos (first-person indicative plural present)
buzáis (indicative plural present second-person)
buzan (indicative plural present third-person)
buzaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
buzabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
buzaba (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
buzábamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
buzabais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
buzaban (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
bucé (first-person indicative preterite singular)
buzaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
buzó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
buzamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
buzasteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
buzaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
buzaré (first-person future indicative singular)
buzarás (future indicative second-person singular)
buzará (future indicative singular third-person)
buzaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
buzaréis (future indicative plural second-person)
buzarán (future indicative plural third-person)
buzaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
buzarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
buzaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
buzaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
buzaríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
buzarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
buce (first-person present singular subjunctive)
buces (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
bucés (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
buce (present singular subjunctive third-person)
bucemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
bucéis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
bucen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
buzara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
buzaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
buzara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
buzáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
buzarais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
buzaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
buzase (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
buzases (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
buzase (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
buzásemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
buzaseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
buzasen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
buzare (first-person future singular subjunctive)
buzares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
buzare (future singular subjunctive third-person)
buzáremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
buzareis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
buzaren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
buza (imperative informal second-person singular)
buzá (imperative informal second-person singular vos-form)
buce (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
buce (imperative singular third-person)
bucemos (first-person imperative plural)
buzad (imperative plural second-person)
bucen (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
bucen (imperative plural third-person)
buces (imperative negative second-person singular)
buce (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
buce (imperative negative singular third-person)
bucemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
bucéis (imperative negative plural second-person)
bucen (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
bucen (imperative negative plural third-person)


afanítico

es-adj

afanítico (feminine afanítica, masculine plural afaníticos, feminine plural afaníticas)

afanítica (feminine)
afaníticos (masculine plural)
afaníticas (feminine plural)


félsico

félsico (feminine félsica, masculine plural félsicos, feminine plural félsicas)

félsica (feminine)
félsicos (masculine plural)
félsicas (feminine plural)


máfico

máfico (feminine máfica, masculine plural máficos, feminine plural máficas)

máfica (feminine)
máficos (masculine plural)
máficas (feminine plural)


anfibolita

(petrology) amphibolite (metamorphic rock composed mainly of amphibole)


-clasa

es-noun

-clasa f (noun-forming suffix, plural -clasas)


-lita

-lita f (noun-forming suffix, plural -litas)


exfoliación

(mineralogy) cleavage (tendency of a crystal to split along certain planes)


andalucita

andalucitas (plural)
andalusita (alternative)


espato de Islandia

espato de Islandia m (plural espatos de Islandia)


ultrapotásico

es-adj

ultrapotásico (feminine ultrapotásica, masculine plural ultrapotásicos, feminine plural ultrapotásicas)

ultrapotásica (feminine)
ultrapotásicos (masculine plural)
ultrapotásicas (feminine plural)


organógeno

organógeno (feminine organógena, masculine plural organógenos, feminine plural organógenas)

organógena (feminine)
organógenos (masculine plural)
organógenas (feminine plural)


terrígeno

terrígeno (feminine terrígena, masculine plural terrígenos, feminine plural terrígenas)

terrígena (feminine)
terrígenos (masculine plural)
terrígenas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Latin terrigenus. By surface analysis, terra + -geno.


detrítico

detrítico (feminine detrítica, masculine plural detríticos, feminine plural detríticas)

detrítica (feminine)
detríticos (masculine plural)
detríticas (feminine plural)


carbonificación

es-noun

carbonificación f (plural carbonificaciones)


sedimentológico

es-adj

sedimentológico (feminine sedimentológica, masculine plural sedimentológicos, feminine plural sedimentológicas)

sedimentológica (feminine)
sedimentológicos (masculine plural)
sedimentológicas (feminine plural)


estratigráfico

estratigráfico (feminine estratigráfica, masculine plural estratigráficos, feminine plural estratigráficas)

estratigráfica (feminine)
estratigráficos (masculine plural)
estratigráficas (feminine plural)


serpentinización

es-noun

serpentinización f (plural serpentinizaciones)


secarral

Y si "a Madrit no ho entenen", da igual, que se queden ahí, en el secarral de "la meseta", en el "poblachón manchego", en ese "intratable país de cabreros".

2015 July 18, “Cómo escribir un artículo”, in El País:

(geography) a dry or arid plain; dryland


ortogneis

ortogneis m (plural ortogneises or ortogneis)


metasomático

es-adj

metasomático (feminine metasomática, masculine plural metasomáticos, feminine plural metasomáticas)

metasomática (feminine)
metasomáticos (masculine plural)
metasomáticas (feminine plural)


argentífero

argentífero (feminine argentífera, masculine plural argentíferos, feminine plural argentíferas)

argentífera (feminine)
argentíferos (masculine plural)
argentíferas (feminine plural)

(geology) argentiferous (containing or producing silver)


arsenífero

arsenífero (feminine arsenífera, masculine plural arseníferos, feminine plural arseníferas)

arsenífera (feminine)
arseníferos (masculine plural)
arseníferas (feminine plural)

(geology) arseniferous (containing or producing arsenic)


lectoestratotipo

es-noun

lectoestratotipo m (plural lectoestratotipos)


tómbolo

De entre los accidentes geográficos, el tómbolo destaca por su esbeltez: una lengua de arena o istmo que –solo en bajamar si le rodea el Atlántico- permite llegar a una franja de tierra.

2015 November 4, “Diez hábitats costeros únicos en España”, in El País:


espeleotema

(geology) speleothem (mineral deposited in a cave by the action of water)


morfosedimentario

es-adj

morfosedimentario (feminine morfosedimentaria, masculine plural morfosedimentarios, feminine plural morfosedimentarias)

morfosedimentaria (feminine)
morfosedimentarios (masculine plural)
morfosedimentarias (feminine plural)


sistema de posicionamiento global

es-noun

sistema de posicionamiento global m (plural sistemas de posicionamiento global)

sistemas de posicionamiento global (plural)

(cartography) Global Positioning System, GPS


cárcava

From cárcavo, from cácabo, itself from Latin cācabus (“cooking pot”).


tepetate

tepetates (plural)
talpetate (alternative)

Borrowed from Classical Nahuatl tepetlatl.


cangagua

cangaguas (plural)
cangahua (alternative)

El alcalde reveló que se han encontrado cámaras de cangagua, secciones incompletas de tuberías de agua, restos de plástico, incluso, monedas de diez centavos de sucre; esto significa que son hallazgos de época moderna lo que confirmaría que esa zona fue intervenida y manipulada hace unos 40 años.

2016 September 21, “Alcalde Rodas dice que acatará resolución del INP sobre hallazgos en centro histórico de Quito”, in El Universo:

(geology, Ecuador, Peru, Chile) Synonym of tepetate


IGN

(geography, Guatemala) Initialism of Instituto Geográfico Nacional (the Guatemalan national geographic institute)

Instituto Geográfico Nacional

(geography, Spain) Initialism of Instituto Geográfico Nacionall (the Spanish national geographic institute)


estromboliano

es-adj

estromboliano (feminine estromboliana, masculine plural estrombolianos, feminine plural estrombolianas)

estromboliana (feminine)
estrombolianos (masculine plural)
estrombolianas (feminine plural)

También se detalla que los dos escenarios posibles son una reactivación rápida, de estilo vulcaniano, con una gran columna eruptiva y flujos piroclásticos; y una reactivación paulatina, de estilo estromboliano, con explosiones moderadas y caídas de ceniza principalmente.

2016 October 14, “De naranja a amarilla cambia la alerta en zona del volcán Tungurahua”, in El Universo:


cársico

cársico (feminine cársica, masculine plural cársicos, feminine plural cársicas)

cársica (feminine)
cársicos (masculine plural)
cársicas (feminine plural)
kárstico (alternative)

Utilizando dos cámaras y el emplazamiento de ocho luces, lograron el reto de iluminar para la instantánea la formación cársica de unos 67 metros, ubicada en el fondo de un enorme salón subterráneo, al que solo puede accederse utilizando técnicas de escalamiento mediante rapel.

2017 March 13, “Espeleólogos cubanos fotografían en 3D la la mayor estalagmita del mundo”, in Juventud Rebelde:


marcasita

marcasitas (plural)
margajita (alternative)
margaxita (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin marchasita, from Arabic مَرْقَشِيتَا (marqašītā), while the form margajita is directly from Arabic مَرْقَشِيتَا (marqašītā).

der

مَرْقَشِيتَا

Arabic مَرْقَشِيتَا (marqašītā)

bor

مَرْقَشِيتَا

Arabic مَرْقَشِيتَا (marqašītā)


coltán

Difícil creer por estos tiempos de tsunamis de petróleo, oro, coltán, diamantes y demás etcéteras que el ciudadano común no alcanza a imaginar pero cuyos efectos que pudieran ser beneficiosos terminan, por arte de birlibirloque, en manos de políticos populistas que, como vulgares asaltantes de bancos, se disfrazan de gente del montón para encañonar a los cajeros y ponerle la mano al botín, valga decir, el tesoro público.

2016 July 27, “El populista corrupto”, in El Nacional:

It's difficult to believe in these times of tsunamis of oil, gold, coltan, diamonds and other sundries that the common citizen cannot imagine but whose effects that could be beneficial end up, out of the blue, in the hands of populist politicians who, like vulgar assailants of banks, disguise themselves as ordinary people to point guns at the tellers and get their hands on the loot, that is, the public treasury.


semiplano

es-adj

semiplano (feminine semiplana, masculine plural semiplanos, feminine plural semiplanas)

semiplana (feminine)
semiplanos (masculine plural)
semiplanas (feminine plural)


orogénico

orogénico (feminine orogénica, masculine plural orogénicos, feminine plural orogénicas)

orogénica (feminine)
orogénicos (masculine plural)
orogénicas (feminine plural)


acondrita

acondritas (plural)
acondrito (alternative)

(astronomy, geology) achondrite (any stony meteorite that contains no chondrules)


pallasita

pallasitas (plural)
palasita (alternative)


achelense

(geology, paleontology) Acheulean (archeological industry of stone tools in the Paleolithic Age)


musteriense

musteriense m or f (masculine and feminine plural musterienses)

musterienses (feminine masculine plural)

(geology, paleontology) Mousterian (archeological industry associated with Neanderthals)


magdaleniense

magdaleniense m or f (masculine and feminine plural magdalenienses)

magdalenienses (feminine masculine plural)

(geology, paleontology) Magdalenian (later cultures of the Upper Paleolithic)


solutrense

solutrense m or f (masculine and feminine plural solutrenses)

(geology, paleontology) Solutrean (archeological industry of flint tools in the Upper Paleolithic)


corográfico

corográfico (feminine corográfica, masculine plural corográficos, feminine plural corográficas)

corográfica (feminine)
corográficos (masculine plural)
corográficas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek χωρογραφικός (khōrographikós). By surface analysis, corografía + -ico.

bor+

χωρογραφικός


pirítico

es-adj

pirítico (feminine pirítica, masculine plural piríticos, feminine plural piríticas)

pirítica (feminine)
piríticos (masculine plural)
piríticas (feminine plural)


goethita

goethitas (plural)
goetita (alternative)


montmorillonita

es-noun

montmorillonita f (plural montmorillonitas)


plastiglomerado

plastiglomerado m (plural plastiglomerados)


cabalgante

es-adj

cabalgante m or f (masculine and feminine plural cabalgantes)


berrocal

(geology) an outcrop of rocks that have undergone spheroidal weathering


berrueco

(geology) a rock that has undergone spheroidal weathering


litoestratigráfico

litoestratigráfico (feminine litoestratigráfica, masculine plural litoestratigráficos, feminine plural litoestratigráficas)

litoestratigráfica (feminine)
litoestratigráficos (masculine plural)
litoestratigráficas (feminine plural)


lamproitico

lamproitico (feminine lamproitica, masculine plural lamproiticos, feminine plural lamproiticas)

lamproitica (feminine)
lamproiticos (masculine plural)
lamproiticas (feminine plural)


mesocenozoico

mesocenozoico (feminine mesocenozoica, masculine plural mesocenozoicos, feminine plural mesocenozoicas)

mesocenozoica (feminine)
mesocenozoicos (masculine plural)
mesocenozoicas (feminine plural)


mantélico

mantélico (feminine mantélica, masculine plural mantélicos, feminine plural mantélicas)

mantélica (feminine)
mantélicos (masculine plural)
mantélicas (feminine plural)

Los científicos siempre han explicado que los volcanes se pueden formar por la convergencia de las placas tectónicas o como resultado de una pluma mantélica que se eleva desde el núcleo, para crear puntos calientes en la corteza de la Tierra.

2019 May 17, Lucía Astorga, “Tico sobresale en descubrimiento científico que explica nueva forma de cómo nacen los volcanes”, in La Nación (Costa Rica):

(geology) Pertaining to the mantle (layer between the Earth's core and crust)


agua superficial

es-noun

agua superficial f (plural aguas superficiales)

For quotations using this term, see Citations:agua superficial.


fajana

(geology, Canary Islands) flat terrain near a hillside or cliff, created from collapsing materials from such elevations


olduvayense

es-adj

olduvayense m or f (masculine and feminine plural olduvayenses)

olduvayenses (feminine masculine plural)

(geology, paleontology) Oldowan (archeological industry during the Lower Paleolithic)


extinción masiva

es-noun

extinción masiva f (plural extinciones masivas)

(evolutionary theory, geology) mass extinction


natufiense

es-adj

natufiense m or f (masculine and feminine plural natufienses)

Ahora, la investigación interdisciplinar desarrollada sobre estos restos alimenticios constituyen "la evidencia empírica más temprana" conocida hasta el momento de "la preparación de productos parecidos al pan por parte de cazadores-recolectores pertenecientes a la cultura natufiense (Oriente Medio).

2018 July 17, “Los humanos ya hacían pan 4.000 años antes de descubrir la agricultura”, in El Nuevo Diario, archived from the original on 2022-04-13:

(geology, paleontology) Natufian (Late Epipaleolithic archaeological culture of the Neolithic prehistoric Levant in Western Asia)


sandáraca

From Latin sandaraca, itself from Ancient Greek σανδαράκη (sandarákē).


hipsométrico

hipsométrico (feminine hipsométrica, masculine plural hipsométricos, feminine plural hipsométricas)

hipsométrica (feminine)
hipsométricos (masculine plural)
hipsométricas (feminine plural)


hipsometría

From hipsómetro + -ía or Ancient Greek ῠ̔́ψος (hŭ́psos) + -metría.


corteza terrestre

es-noun

corteza terrestre f (plural cortezas terrestres)


zancliense

es-adj

zancliense m or f (masculine and feminine plural zanclienses)

(geology, paleontology) Zanclean (of the earliest geological period of the Pliocene)


lengua de tierra

es-noun

lengua de tierra f (plural lenguas de tierra)

(geography) spit (of land jutting out into the sea)


mesocrático

es-adj

mesocrático (feminine mesocrática, masculine plural mesocráticos, feminine plural mesocráticas)

mesocrática (feminine)
mesocráticos (masculine plural)
mesocráticas (feminine plural)


nefelínico

nefelínico (feminine nefelínica, masculine plural nefelínicos, feminine plural nefelínicas)

nefelínica (feminine)
nefelínicos (masculine plural)
nefelínicas (feminine plural)


bolsada

(geology) bunch (an unusual concentration of ore)