-izar

es-verb

-izar (verb-forming suffix, first-person singular present -izo, first-person singular preterite -icé, past participle -izado)

-izo (first-person present singular)
-icé (first-person preterite singular)
-izado (participle past)
-izar (infinitive)
-izando (gerund)
-izado (masculine participle past singular)
-izada (feminine participle past singular)
-izados (masculine participle past plural)
-izadas (feminine participle past plural)
-izo (first-person indicative present singular)
-izas (indicative informal present second-person singular)
-izás (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
-iza (indicative present singular third-person)
-izamos (first-person indicative plural present)
-izáis (indicative plural present second-person)
-izan (indicative plural present third-person)
-izaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
-izabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
-izaba (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
-izábamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
-izabais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
-izaban (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
-icé (first-person indicative preterite singular)
-izaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
-izó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
-izamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
-izasteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
-izaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
-izaré (first-person future indicative singular)
-izarás (future indicative second-person singular)
-izará (future indicative singular third-person)
-izaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
-izaréis (future indicative plural second-person)
-izarán (future indicative plural third-person)
-izaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
-izarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
-izaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
-izaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
-izaríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
-izarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
-ice (first-person present singular subjunctive)
-ices (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
-icés (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
-ice (present singular subjunctive third-person)
-icemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
-icéis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
-icen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
-izara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
-izaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
-izara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
-izáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
-izarais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
-izaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
-izase (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
-izases (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
-izase (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
-izásemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
-izaseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
-izasen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
-izare (first-person future singular subjunctive)
-izares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
-izare (future singular subjunctive third-person)
-izáremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
-izareis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
-izaren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
-iza (imperative informal positive second-person singular)
-izá (imperative informal positive second-person singular vos-form)
-ice (formal imperative positive second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-ice (imperative positive singular third-person)
-icemos (first-person imperative plural positive)
-izad (imperative plural positive second-person)
-icen (formal imperative plural positive second-person-semantically third-person)
-icen (imperative plural positive third-person)
no -ices (imperative negative second-person singular)
no -ice (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
no -ice (imperative negative singular third-person)
no -icemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
no -icéis (imperative negative plural second-person)
no -icen (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
no -icen (imperative negative plural third-person)
-izarme (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
-izarte (combined-form dative infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
-izarle (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
-izarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
-izarnos (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
-izaros (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
-izarles (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
-izarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
-izarme (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
-izarte (accusative combined-form infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
-izarlo (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
-izarla (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
-izarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
-izarnos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
-izaros (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
-izarlos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
-izarlas (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
-izarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
-izándome (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-singular)
-izándote (combined-form dative gerund object-second-person object-singular)
-izándole (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
-izándose (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
-izándonos (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-plural)
-izándoos (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-second-person)
-izándoles (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
-izándose (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
-izándome (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-singular)
-izándote (accusative combined-form gerund object-second-person object-singular)
-izándolo (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
-izándola (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
-izándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
-izándonos (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-plural)
-izándoos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-second-person)
-izándolos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
-izándolas (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
-izándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
-ízame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
-ízate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
-ízale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
-ízanos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
-ízales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
-ízame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
-ízate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
-ízalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
-ízala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
-ízanos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
-ízalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
-ízalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
-izame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
-izate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
-izale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
-izanos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
-izales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
-izame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
-izate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
-izalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
-izala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
-izanos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
-izalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
-izalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
-íceme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
-ícele (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
-ícese (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
-ícenos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
-íceles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
-íceme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
-ícelo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
-ícela (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
-ícese (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
-ícenos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
-ícelos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
-ícelas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
-icémoste (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
-icémosle (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
-icémonos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
-icémoos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
-icémosles (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
-icémoste (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
-icémoslo (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
-icémosla (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
-icémonos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
-icémoos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
-icémoslos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
-icémoslas (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
-izadme (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
-izadle (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
-izadnos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
-izaos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
-izadles (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
-izadme (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
-izadlo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
-izadla (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
-izadnos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
-izaos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
-izadlos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
-izadlas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
-ícenme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
-ícenle (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
-ícennos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
-ícenles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
-ícense (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
-ícenme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
-ícenlo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
-ícenla (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
-ícennos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
-ícenlos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
-ícenlas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
-ícense (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)

Borrowed from Late Latin -izāre. Doublet of -ear, which was inherited.


-ucho

es-noun

-ucho m (noun-forming suffix, plural -uchos)

Uncertain. Possibly from Latin -usculus. It has also been interpreted as an alternative form of the suffix -acho.

hotel (“hotel”) + -ucho → hotelucho (“lousy hotel”)

cuarto (“bedroom”) + -ucho → cuartucho (“small/shabby bedroom”)

forms pejoratives from nouns and adjectives


-anza

-anza f (noun-forming suffix, plural -anzas)

Inherited from Latin -antia. Compare Catalan -ança, Portuguese -ança, French -ance, Italian -anza.


-enza

-enza f (noun-forming suffix, plural -enzas)


-ario

-ario m (noun-forming suffix, plural -arios, feminine -aria, feminine plural -arias)

-arios (plural)
-aria (feminine)
-arias (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Latin -ārius. Compare the inherited doublet -ero.


-edo

-edo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -edos)

haya (“beech”) + -edo → hayedo (“beech wood”)

forms collective nouns, most commonly regarding plants


-grama

-grama m (noun-forming suffix, plural -gramas)


-encia

-encia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -encias)


-fito

-fito m (noun-forming suffix, plural -fitos)

From Ancient Greek φυτόν (phutón, “plant”).


-uno

es-adj

-uno (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -una, masculine plural -unos, feminine plural -unas)

-una (feminine)
-unos (masculine plural)
-unas (feminine plural)

Alternative form of -ano; -ian; coming from, related to, or like, or one from, belonging to, relating to, made from, or like


-ificar

es-verb

-ificar (verb-forming suffix, first-person singular present -ifico, first-person singular preterite -ifiqué, past participle -ificado)

-ifico (first-person present singular)
-ifiqué (first-person preterite singular)
-ificado (participle past)
-ificar (infinitive)
-ificando (gerund)
-ificado (masculine participle past singular)
-ificada (feminine participle past singular)
-ificados (masculine participle past plural)
-ificadas (feminine participle past plural)
-ifico (first-person indicative present singular)
-ificas (indicative informal present second-person singular)
-ificás (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
-ifica (indicative present singular third-person)
-ificamos (first-person indicative plural present)
-ificáis (indicative plural present second-person)
-ifican (indicative plural present third-person)
-ificaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
-ificabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
-ificaba (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
-ificábamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
-ificabais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
-ificaban (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
-ifiqué (first-person indicative preterite singular)
-ificaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
-ificó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
-ificamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
-ificasteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
-ificaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
-ificaré (first-person future indicative singular)
-ificarás (future indicative second-person singular)
-ificará (future indicative singular third-person)
-ificaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
-ificaréis (future indicative plural second-person)
-ificarán (future indicative plural third-person)
-ificaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
-ificarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
-ificaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
-ificaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
-ificaríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
-ificarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
-ifique (first-person present singular subjunctive)
-ifiques (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
-ifiqués (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
-ifique (present singular subjunctive third-person)
-ifiquemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
-ifiquéis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
-ifiquen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
-ificara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
-ificaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
-ificara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
-ificáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
-ificarais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
-ificaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
-ificase (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
-ificases (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
-ificase (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
-ificásemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
-ificaseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
-ificasen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
-ificare (first-person future singular subjunctive)
-ificares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
-ificare (future singular subjunctive third-person)
-ificáremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
-ificareis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
-ificaren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
-ifica (imperative informal positive second-person singular)
-ificá (imperative informal positive second-person singular vos-form)
-ifique (formal imperative positive second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-ifique (imperative positive singular third-person)
-ifiquemos (first-person imperative plural positive)
-ificad (imperative plural positive second-person)
-ifiquen (formal imperative plural positive second-person-semantically third-person)
-ifiquen (imperative plural positive third-person)
no -ifiques (imperative negative second-person singular)
no -ifique (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
no -ifique (imperative negative singular third-person)
no -ifiquemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
no -ifiquéis (imperative negative plural second-person)
no -ifiquen (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
no -ifiquen (imperative negative plural third-person)
-ificarme (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
-ificarte (combined-form dative infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
-ificarle (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
-ificarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
-ificarnos (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
-ificaros (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
-ificarles (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
-ificarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
-ificarme (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
-ificarte (accusative combined-form infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
-ificarlo (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
-ificarla (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
-ificarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
-ificarnos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
-ificaros (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
-ificarlos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
-ificarlas (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
-ificarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
-ificándome (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-singular)
-ificándote (combined-form dative gerund object-second-person object-singular)
-ificándole (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
-ificándose (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
-ificándonos (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-plural)
-ificándoos (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-second-person)
-ificándoles (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
-ificándose (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
-ificándome (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-singular)
-ificándote (accusative combined-form gerund object-second-person object-singular)
-ificándolo (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
-ificándola (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
-ificándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
-ificándonos (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-plural)
-ificándoos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-second-person)
-ificándolos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
-ificándolas (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
-ificándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
-ifícame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
-ifícate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
-ifícale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
-ifícanos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
-ifícales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
-ifícame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
-ifícate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
-ifícalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
-ifícala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
-ifícanos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
-ifícalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
-ifícalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
-ificame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
-ificate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
-ificale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
-ificanos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
-ificales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
-ificame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
-ificate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
-ificalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
-ificala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
-ificanos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
-ificalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
-ificalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
-ifíqueme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
-ifíquele (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
-ifíquese (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
-ifíquenos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
-ifíqueles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
-ifíqueme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
-ifíquelo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
-ifíquela (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
-ifíquese (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
-ifíquenos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
-ifíquelos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
-ifíquelas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
-ifiquémoste (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
-ifiquémosle (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
-ifiquémonos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
-ifiquémoos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
-ifiquémosles (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
-ifiquémoste (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
-ifiquémoslo (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
-ifiquémosla (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
-ifiquémonos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
-ifiquémoos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
-ifiquémoslos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
-ifiquémoslas (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
-ificadme (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
-ificadle (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
-ificadnos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
-ificaos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
-ificadles (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
-ificadme (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
-ificadlo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
-ificadla (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
-ificadnos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
-ificaos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
-ificadlos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
-ificadlas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
-ifíquenme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
-ifíquenle (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
-ifíquennos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
-ifíquenles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
-ifíquense (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
-ifíquenme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
-ifíquenlo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
-ifíquenla (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
-ifíquennos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
-ifíquenlos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
-ifíquenlas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
-ifíquense (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)

Inherited from Old Spanish -ificar, borrowed from Latin -ificāre, from faciō, facere (“make”).

-ify, -fy (forms verbs with the meaning of to turn into, to transform into)


-dromo

es-noun

-dromo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -dromos)

From Ancient Greek δρόμος (drómos, “a course, race course, road”).


-itud

es-noun

-itud f (noun-forming suffix, plural -itudes)

Borrowed from Latin -tūdō (“signifying a noun of state”). Doublet of the inherited -dumbre.

bor+

forms nouns from adjectives, indicative a state of; -itude


-ense

es-adj

-ense m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -enses)

es-noun

-ense m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -enses)

-enses (feminine masculine plural)
-enses (plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin -ēnsis (“originating in”). Compare the inherited doublet -és.

lbor

forms adjectives and nouns that denote ethnonyms, like estadounidense, from Estados Unidos


-ezna

es-noun

-ezna f (noun-forming suffix, plural -eznas)


-ezno

-ezno m (noun-forming suffix, plural -eznos, feminine -ezna, feminine plural -eznas)

-eznos (plural)
-ezna (feminine)
-eznas (feminine plural)

lobo (“wolf”) + -ezno → lobezno (“wolf cub”)

oso (“bear”) + -ezno → osezno (“bear cub”)

pavo (“turkey”) + -ezno → pavezno (“poult”)

forms nouns from other nouns; a diminutive suffix indicating the young of an animal


-tomo

es-adj

-tomo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -toma, masculine plural -tomos, feminine plural -tomas)

-toma (feminine)
-tomos (masculine plural)
-tomas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek -τομον (-tomon, “that cuts”), from τέμνω (témnō, “to cut”).


-tomo

es-noun

-tomo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -tomos)


-ís

second-person plural
second-person plural#English

Suffix indicating the second-person plural present indicative of -ir verbs.


-ábamos

From Latin -ābāmus, through the variant *-ābămus (note the antepenultimate stress caused by irregular shortening of the last -ā-).

indicates the imperfect tense first-person plural form of an -ar verb


-ación

-ación f (noun-forming suffix, plural -aciones)


-génesis

-génesis f (noun-forming suffix, plural -génesis)


-ucha

-ucha f (noun-forming suffix, plural -uchas)


-iano

es-adj

-iano (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -iana, masculine plural -ianos, feminine plural -ianas)

es-noun

-iano m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ianos, feminine -iana, feminine plural -ianas)

-iana (feminine)
-ianos (masculine plural)
-ianas (feminine plural)
-ianos (plural)
-iana (feminine)
-ianas (feminine plural)


-patía

-patía f (noun-forming suffix, plural -patías)

From Ancient Greek πάθος (páthos, “suffering”).


-ónimo

es-noun

-ónimo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ónimos)

From Ancient Greek ὄνυμα (ónuma), Doric dialectal form of ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”).


-áceo

es-adj

-áceo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ácea, masculine plural -áceos, feminine plural -áceas)

-ácea (feminine)
-áceos (masculine plural)
-áceas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Latin -āceus. Doublet of -azo.

acanto + -áceo → acantáceo


-metría

es-noun

-metría f (noun-forming suffix, plural -metrías)

From Latin -metria, from Ancient Greek -μετρία (-metría), from μέτρον (métron, “measurement”) + -ια (-ia, “-y: forming abstract nouns”)


-cracia

-cracia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -cracias)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek -κρατία (-kratía), from κράτος (krátos, “power, rule”).


-plastia

es-noun

-plastia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -plastias)

From Ancient Greek πλαστός (plastós, “molded, formed”).


-grafía

es-noun

-grafía f (noun-forming suffix, plural -grafías)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek -γραφία (-graphía), from the root of the verb γράφω (gráphō, “to write”).


-manía

es-noun

-manía f (noun-forming suffix, plural -manías)

From Latin mania, from Ancient Greek μανία (manía, “madness”).


-mano

-mano m (noun-forming suffix, plural -manos, feminine -mana, feminine plural -manas)

-manos (plural)
-mana (feminine)
-manas (feminine plural)

Through French -mane, from the Ancient Greek μανία (manía, “madness”).


-mano

es-adj

-mano (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -mana, masculine plural -manos, feminine plural -manas)

-mana (feminine)
-manos (masculine plural)
-manas (feminine plural)


-faga

es-noun

-faga f (noun-forming suffix, plural -fagas)

biblio- + -faga → bibliófaga (“female bookworm (avid reader)”)


-fila

-fila f (noun-forming suffix, plural -filas)


-iatría

-iatría f (noun-forming suffix, plural -iatrías)

From Ancient Greek ἰατρεία (iatreía, “healing, medical treatment”).


-crata

es-noun

-crata m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -cratas)

Borrowed from French -crate, back-formed from adjectives ending in -cratique, ultimately from Ancient Greek κράτος (krátos, “might, strength”).


-mancia

es-noun

-mancia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -mancias)

Borrowed from Late Latin -mantia, from Ancient Greek μαντεία (manteía, “divination”).


-tomía

es-noun

-tomía f (noun-forming suffix, plural -tomías)

Borrowed from New Latin -tomia, from Ancient Greek τομία (tomía, “cutting”), from τέμνω (témnō, “to cut”).


-ecer

es-verb

-ecer (verb-forming suffix, first-person singular present -ezco, first-person singular preterite -ecí, past participle -ecido)

-ezco (first-person present singular)
-ecí (first-person preterite singular)
-ecido (participle past)
-ecer (infinitive)
-eciendo (gerund)
-ecido (masculine participle past singular)
-ecida (feminine participle past singular)
-ecidos (masculine participle past plural)
-ecidas (feminine participle past plural)
-ezco (first-person indicative present singular)
-eces (indicative informal present second-person singular)
-ecés (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
-ece (indicative present singular third-person)
-ecemos (first-person indicative plural present)
-ecéis (indicative plural present second-person)
-ecen (indicative plural present third-person)
-ecía (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
-ecías (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
-ecía (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
-ecíamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
-ecíais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
-ecían (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
-ecí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
-eciste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
-eció (indicative preterite singular third-person)
-ecimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
-ecisteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
-ecieron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
-eceré (first-person future indicative singular)
-ecerás (future indicative second-person singular)
-ecerá (future indicative singular third-person)
-eceremos (first-person future indicative plural)
-eceréis (future indicative plural second-person)
-ecerán (future indicative plural third-person)
-ecería (conditional first-person indicative singular)
-ecerías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
-ecería (conditional indicative singular third-person)
-eceríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
-eceríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
-ecerían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
-ezca (first-person present singular subjunctive)
-ezcas (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
-ezcás (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
-ezca (present singular subjunctive third-person)
-ezcamos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
-ezcáis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
-ezcan (plural present subjunctive third-person)
-eciera (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
-ecieras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
-eciera (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
-eciéramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
-ecierais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
-ecieran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
-eciese (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
-ecieses (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
-eciese (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
-eciésemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
-ecieseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
-eciesen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
-eciere (first-person future singular subjunctive)
-ecieres (future second-person singular subjunctive)
-eciere (future singular subjunctive third-person)
-eciéremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
-eciereis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
-ecieren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
-ece (imperative informal positive second-person singular)
-ecé (imperative informal positive second-person singular vos-form)
-ezca (formal imperative positive second-person-semantically singular third-person)
-ezca (imperative positive singular third-person)
-ezcamos (first-person imperative plural positive)
-eced (imperative plural positive second-person)
-ezcan (formal imperative plural positive second-person-semantically third-person)
-ezcan (imperative plural positive third-person)
no -ezcas (imperative negative second-person singular)
no -ezca (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
no -ezca (imperative negative singular third-person)
no -ezcamos (first-person imperative negative plural)
no -ezcáis (imperative negative plural second-person)
no -ezcan (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
no -ezcan (imperative negative plural third-person)

From Latin -ēscere, forming the present active infinitive of verbs ending in -ēscō.


-zoo

es-noun

-zoo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -zoos)

From Ancient Greek ζῷον (zôion, “animal”).


-trofo

es-adj

-trofo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -trofa, masculine plural -trofos, feminine plural -trofas)

-trofa (feminine)
-trofos (masculine plural)
-trofas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek -τροφος (-trophos), from τροφή (trophḗ, “food, nourishment”).


-trofo

es-noun

-trofo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -trofos)


-cola

-cola m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -colas)

es-adj

-cola m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -colas)

-colas (plural)
-colas (feminine masculine plural)

From Latin -cola, from the verbal root of colō (“to till, cultivate, inhabit”).

cultivator, breeder; forms nouns and adjectives


-cidio

es-noun

-cidio m (noun-forming suffix, plural -cidios)

Borrowed from Latin -cīdium, from the base of caedō (“to cut, strike, kill”).


-uela

-uela f (noun-forming suffix, plural -uelas)


-landia

-landia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -landias)

From English -land + -ia. Cognate to Portuguese -lândia.


-saurio

-saurio m (noun-forming suffix, plural -saurios)


-tecnia

-tecnia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -tecnias)

From Ancient Greek τέχνη (tékhnē, “craft, skill, art”) + -ia.


-sis

es-noun

-sis f (noun-forming suffix, plural -sises)


-ancia

-ancia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ancias)

Borrowed from Latin -antia. Compare -anza.


-podo

-podo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -podos)

From Ancient Greek πούς (poús), ποδός (podós, “foot”).


-il

es-adj

-il m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -iles)

-ile (indicating relation or pertaining to)


-ajo

es-noun

-ajo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ajos)

forms pejorative diminutives of adjectives and nouns


-lógico

es-adj

-lógico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -lógica, masculine plural -lógicos, feminine plural -lógicas)

-lógica (feminine)
-lógicos (masculine plural)
-lógicas (feminine plural)


-eo

-eo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ea, masculine plural -eos, feminine plural -eas)

-ea (feminine)
-eos (masculine plural)
-eas (feminine plural)

-eous; forms adjectives meaning resembling or having characteristics of the related term


-eo

es-noun

-eo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -eos)

forms nouns from verbs suffixed with -ear, means 'action and effect'


-ichuela

-ichuela f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ichuelas)

Alternative form of -uela; forms pejorative diminutivess: ugly little


-torio

es-adj

-torio (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -toria, masculine plural -torios, feminine plural -torias)

-toria (feminine)
-torios (masculine plural)
-torias (feminine plural)

prohibir (“to prohibit”) + -torio → prohibitorio (“prohibitory”)

inquirir (“to inquire”) + -torio → inquisitorio (“inquisitorial”)

Forms adjectives, usually from verbs; tends to indicate a relation to the action of the verb.


-torio

es-noun

-torio m (noun-forming suffix, plural -torios)

observar (“to observe”) + -torio → observatorio (“observatory”)

dormir (“to sleep”) + -torio → dormitorio (“bedroom”)

Forms nouns, usually from verbs; tends to indicate a place where the action of the verb occurs.


-ento

es-adj

-ento (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -enta, masculine plural -entos, feminine plural -entas)

-enta (feminine)
-entos (masculine plural)
-entas (feminine plural)

sangre + -ento → sangriento


-mancía

es-noun

-mancía f (noun-forming suffix, plural -mancías)


-imento

-imento m (noun-forming suffix, plural -imentos)


-iente

es-adj

-iente m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -ientes)

es-noun

-iente m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -ientes)

-ientes (feminine masculine plural)
-ientes (plural)

forms adjectives and nouns from verbs, particularly verbs in -er and -ir


-gono

-gono m (noun-forming suffix, plural -gonos)

From Ancient Greek γωνία (gōnía, “corner, angle”).

der

(geometry) -gon (forms the names of plane figures containing a given number of angles)


-arca

es-noun

-arca m (noun-forming suffix, plural -arcas)

Borrowed from Late Latin -archa, from Latin -archēs, from Ancient Greek -άρχης (-árkhēs), from ἀρχή (arkhḗ, “rule”, “government”).


-acha

-acha f (noun-forming suffix, plural -achas)


-acho

-acho m (noun-forming suffix, plural -achos)

From Latin -āceus. Cognate to Galician and Spanish -azo, Portuguese -aço, French -asse and Italian -accio.

initially augmentative suffix; forms pejoratives from nouns and adjectives.


-ega

-ega f (noun-forming suffix, plural -egas)


-asa

-asa f (noun-forming suffix, plural -asas)

(biochemistry) -ase (forms names of enzymes)


-clasa

-clasa f (noun-forming suffix, plural -clasas)


-lita

-lita f (noun-forming suffix, plural -litas)


-ío

-ío m (noun-forming suffix, plural -íos)

mujer (“woman”) + -ío → mujerío (“womanfolk”)

gente (“people”) + -ío → gentío (“throng, crowd”)

poder (“power”) + -ío → poderío (“power”)

forms collectives or with intensive meaning


-ío

es-adj

-ío (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ía, masculine plural -íos, feminine plural -ías)

-ía (feminine)
-íos (masculine plural)
-ías (feminine plural)

labrar (“to plow”) → labrante + -ío → labrantío (“arable”)

cabra (“to goat”) + -ío → cabrío (“goat (relational)”)

forms adjectives with various meanings, typically referring to agriculture


-uco

es-noun

-uco m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ucos)

(Spain, especially Cantabria) added to masculine nouns to denote a diminutive form


-nauta

-nauta m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -nautas)


-tico

es-adj

-tico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -tica, masculine plural -ticos, feminine plural -ticas)

-tica (feminine)
-ticos (masculine plural)
-ticas (feminine plural)


-foro

es-noun

-foro m (noun-forming suffix, plural -foros)


-ización

-ización f (noun-forming suffix, plural -izaciones)


-tad

-tad f (noun-forming suffix, plural -tades)

Inherited from Old Spanish -tat, from Latin -tās, from Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts.

forms nouns representing the property corresponding to an adjective; -ity


-gráfico

es-adj

-gráfico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -gráfica, masculine plural -gráficos, feminine plural -gráficas)

-gráfica (feminine)
-gráficos (masculine plural)
-gráficas (feminine plural)


-scópico

-scópico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -scópica, masculine plural -scópicos, feminine plural -scópicas)

-scópica (feminine)
-scópicos (masculine plural)
-scópicas (feminine plural)


-cigótico

-cigótico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -cigótica, masculine plural -cigóticos, feminine plural -cigóticas)

-cigótica (feminine)
-cigóticos (masculine plural)
-cigóticas (feminine plural)


-adgo

es-noun

-adgo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -adgos)


-usco

es-adj

-usco (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -usca, masculine plural -uscos, feminine plural -uscas)

-usca (feminine)
-uscos (masculine plural)
-uscas (feminine plural)

pardo (“brown”) + -usco → pardusco (“brownish, dun”)

verde (“green”) + -usco → verdusco (“greenish, somewhat green”)

Alternative form of -sco; forms adjectives that signify "relation" to the word stem; sometimes pejorative


-usco

es-noun

-usco m (noun-forming suffix, plural -uscos)

piedra (“stone”) + -usco → pedrusco (“unworked piece of stone”)

Alternative form of -sco; forms augmentative nouns

Alternative form of -sco; forms collective nouns


-eda

-eda f (noun-forming suffix, plural -edas)

avellana (“hazelnut”) + -eda → avellaneda (“hazelnut grove”)

forms collectives, especially for plants


-zuela

-zuela f (noun-forming suffix, plural -zuelas)


-zón

-zón m (noun-forming suffix, plural -zones)


-zón

-zón f (noun-forming suffix, plural -zones)

Inherited from Latin -tiōnem. Doublet of -ción.


-anga

-anga f (noun-forming suffix, plural -angas)

frito (“fried”) + -anga → fritanga (“greasy food”)

used with pejorative value in nouns and adjectives


-iego

es-adj

-iego (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -iega, masculine plural -iegos, feminine plural -iegas)

-iega (feminine)
-iegos (masculine plural)
-iegas (feminine plural)

verano (“summer”) + -iego → veraniego (“summer (relational)”)

mujer (“woman”) + -iego → mujeriego (“womanizing”)

andar (“walk”) + -iego → andariego (“restless”)

forms adjectives from nouns and verbs, often indicating a relation, belonging, or origin


-iego

es-noun

-iego m (noun-forming suffix, plural -iegos)

mujer (“woman”) + -iego → mujeriego (“womanizer”)

palacio (“palace/court”) + -iego → palaciego (“courtier”)


-latría

-latría f (noun-forming suffix, plural -latrías)


-ectomía

-ectomía f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ectomías)

From the Ancient Greek -εκτομία (-ektomía, “a cutting out of”), from ἐκτέμνω (ektémnō, “to cut out”), from ἐκ (ek, “out”) + τέμνω (témnō, “to cut”).


-ego

es-adj

-ego (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ega, masculine plural -egos, feminine plural -egas)

es-noun

-ego m (noun-forming suffix, plural -egos, feminine -ega, feminine plural -egas)

-ega (feminine)
-egos (masculine plural)
-egas (feminine plural)
-egos (plural)
-ega (feminine)
-egas (feminine plural)

La Mancha (“La Mancha”) + -ego → manchego (“manchego”)


-scopía

-scopía f (noun-forming suffix, plural -scopías)


-loga

-loga f (noun-forming suffix, plural -logas)


-dumbre

-dumbre f (noun-forming suffix, plural -dumbres)

From Old Spanish -dumne, from Vulgar Latin *-tūm(i)nem, from Latin -tūdinem (apparently via dissimilation/assimilation). Doublet of -itúdine and -itud.
Found in both words inherited from Latin (certidumbre, dulcedumbre, mansedumbre, muchedumbre, servidumbre, soledumbre) and words formed within Spanish (pesadumbre, podredumbre).

pesar (“to weigh”) + -dumbre → pesadumbre (“sorrow”)

podrido (“rotten”) + -dumbre → podredumbre (“rottenness”)

(no longer productive) forms nouns from adjectives: -itude, -ness


-iño

-iño m (noun-forming suffix, plural -iños)

(Galicia) a diminutive suffix for masculine nouns or adjectives


-ístico

es-adj

-ístico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ística, masculine plural -ísticos, feminine plural -ísticas)

-ística (feminine)
-ísticos (masculine plural)
-ísticas (feminine plural)


-genia

es-noun

-genia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -genias)


-pático

es-adj

-pático (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -pática, masculine plural -páticos, feminine plural -páticas)

-pática (feminine)
-páticos (masculine plural)
-páticas (feminine plural)


-fóbico

es-noun

-fóbico m (noun-forming suffix, plural -fóbicos, feminine -fóbica, feminine plural -fóbicas)

-fóbicos (plural)
-fóbica (feminine)
-fóbicas (feminine plural)


-fóbico

es-adj

-fóbico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -fóbica, masculine plural -fóbicos, feminine plural -fóbicas)

-fóbica (feminine)
-fóbicos (masculine plural)
-fóbicas (feminine plural)


-aja

es-noun

-aja f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ajas)


-orro

-orro m (noun-forming suffix, plural -orros)

es-adj

-orro (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -orra, masculine plural -orros, feminine plural -orras)

-orros (plural)
-orra (feminine)
-orros (masculine plural)
-orras (feminine plural)

forms pejorative diminutives of adjectives and nouns


-aco

-aco (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -aca, masculine plural -acos, feminine plural -acas)

es-noun

-aco m (noun-forming suffix, plural -acos, feminine -aca, feminine plural -acas)

-aca (feminine)
-acos (masculine plural)
-acas (feminine plural)
-acos (plural)
-aca (feminine)
-acas (feminine plural)

Austria + -aco → austriaco (“Austrian”)

a suffix to make nationalities and demonyms


-aco

-aco m (noun-forming suffix, plural -acos)

libro (“book”) + -aco → libraco (“worthless/throwaway book”)


-iento

es-adj

-iento (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ienta, masculine plural -ientos, feminine plural -ientas)

-ienta (feminine)
-ientos (masculine plural)
-ientas (feminine plural)

harapo (“rag”) + -iento → harapiento (“ragged”)

hambre (“hunger”) + -iento → hambriento (“hungry”)

forms adjectives from nouns and verbs, often condition or state

amarillo (“yellow”) + -iento → amarillento (“yellowish”)


-iar

es-verb

-iar (verb-forming suffix, first-person singular present -io, first-person singular preterite -ié, past participle -iado)

-io (first-person present singular)
-ié (first-person preterite singular)
-iado (participle past)

From -ear, following an alteration of -e- into -i- derived from a colloquial synaeresis.

forms verbs from adjectives and nouns, equivalent to English -ize


-inga

es-noun

-inga f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ingas)


-dermo

-dermo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -dermos)


-lisis

-lisis f (noun-forming suffix, plural -lisis)


-céntrico

es-adj

-céntrico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -céntrica, masculine plural -céntricos, feminine plural -céntricas)

-céntrica (feminine)
-céntricos (masculine plural)
-céntricas (feminine plural)


-métrico

-métrico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -métrica, masculine plural -métricos, feminine plural -métricas)

-métrica (feminine)
-métricos (masculine plural)
-métricas (feminine plural)


-arraco

es-noun

-arraco m (noun-forming suffix, plural -arracos)

bicho (“bug”) + -arraco → bicharraco (“little pesky bug”)


-blema

-blema m (noun-forming suffix, plural -blemas)


-megalia

-megalia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -megalias)


-ático

es-adj

-ático (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ática, masculine plural -áticos, feminine plural -áticas)

-ática (feminine)
-áticos (masculine plural)
-áticas (feminine plural)

forms relational adjectives, i.e. adjectives meaning of or relating to the suffixed noun


-iega

es-noun

-iega f (noun-forming suffix, plural -iegas)


-ostomía

-ostomía f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ostomías)


-lecto

-lecto m (noun-forming suffix, plural -lectos)


-ífero

es-adj

-ífero (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ífera, masculine plural -íferos, feminine plural -íferas)

-ífera (feminine)
-íferos (masculine plural)
-íferas (feminine plural)


-stático

-stático (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -stática, masculine plural -státicos, feminine plural -státicas)

-stática (feminine)
-státicos (masculine plural)
-státicas (feminine plural)


-nada

es-noun

-nada f (noun-forming suffix, plural -nadas)


-génico

es-adj

-génico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -génica, masculine plural -génicos, feminine plural -génicas)

-génica (feminine)
-génicos (masculine plural)
-génicas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from French -gènique, itself from -gène and -ique, ultimately from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs) and Latin -icus.


-arquía

es-noun

-arquía f (noun-forming suffix, plural -arquías)


-aca

-aca f (noun-forming suffix, plural -acas)


-arro

-arro m (noun-forming suffix, plural -arros)

es-adj

-arro (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -arra, masculine plural -arros, feminine plural -arras)

-arros (plural)
-arra (feminine)
-arros (masculine plural)
-arras (feminine plural)


-trópico

-trópico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -trópica, masculine plural -trópicos, feminine plural -trópicas)

-trópica (feminine)
-trópicos (masculine plural)
-trópicas (feminine plural)


-itico

es-noun

-itico m (noun-forming suffix, plural -iticos)

(Costa Rica) usually pejorative diminutive suffix


-uja

-uja f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ujas, masculine -ujo, masculine plural -ujos)

-ujas (plural)
-ujo (masculine)
-ujos (masculine plural)

Inherited from Latin -ucula, an expanded form of -cula.

added to nouns of either gender to denote a diminutive form


-eriza

-eriza f (noun-forming suffix, plural -erizas)


-erizo

es-adj

-erizo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -eriza, masculine plural -erizos, feminine plural -erizas)

-eriza (feminine)
-erizos (masculine plural)
-erizas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Spanish -arizo (still found in some cases), from Latin -āricius. The shift from /a/ to /e/ is probably by analogy with the related -ero, and the stressed /i/ (for expected */e/) by analogy with -izo.

cabra (“goat”) + -erizo → cabrerizo (“goat (relational)”)

forms relational adjectives, especially referring to animals


-erizo

es-noun

-erizo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -erizos, feminine -eriza, feminine plural -erizas)

-erizos (plural)
-eriza (feminine)
-erizas (feminine plural)

cabra (“goat”) + -erizo → cabrerizo (“goatherd”)

forms nouns indicating a person who farms, tends or herds a specified type of animal


-asteis

From Latin -āstis, short counterpart to -āvistis. The spelling may have been inluenced by other second person plural forms ending in a vowel followed by -is except in the second person plural Present Indicative of third conjugation verbs where the ending is just -ís.

Suffix indicating the second-person plural indicative preterite of -ar verbs.


-umbre

-umbre f (noun-forming suffix, plural -umbres)

From an oblique form *-ūmine(m) of Latin -ūmen (abstract noun suffix), extended form of -men.


-ambre

-ambre m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ambres)

From an oblique form *-āmine(m) of Latin -āmen (abstract noun suffix), extended form of -men.


Guadal

Cognate with English wadi. The change from w to gu is regular, compare English reward and French regarder from Proto-Germanic *wardāną.


-aría

first/third-person singular conditional of -ar


-istán

-istán m (noun-forming suffix, plural -istanes)

Borrowed from Persian ـستان, from Middle Persian -stʾn', from Old Persian 𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴 (s-t-a-n /stāna-/), from Proto-Iranian *stāna-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sthāna, from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”).


-erás

second-person singular future indicative of -er


-erá

third-person singular future indicative of -er


-erías

second-person singular conditional of -er


-eremos

first-person plural future indicative of -er


-erán

third-person plural future indicative of -er


-ierais

second-person plural imperfect subjunctive of -er


-iesen

third-person plural imperfect subjunctive of -er


-iese

first/third-person singular imperfect subjunctive of -er


-ieses

second-person singular imperfect subjunctive of -er


-ará

third-person singular future indicative of -ar


-arás

second-person singular future indicative of -ar


-arais

second-person plural imperfect subjunctive of -ar


-iésemos

first-person plural imperfect subjunctive of -er


-aremos

first-person plural future indicative of -ar


-aréis

second-person plural future indicative of -ar


-aras

second-person singular imperfect subjunctive of -ar


-ijo

es-noun

-ijo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ijos)

Partly from Latin -ī̆culus, -ī̆cula, -ī̆culum, a diminutive ending. Partly from Latin -ī̆culum, an instrument noun ending (as in cobijo from Latin cubiculum). Compare -ajo.

suffix forming nouns (sometimes with a pejorative sense)

attached to verb stems to form nouns, sometimes denoting instruments or the result of an action


-arán

third-person plural future indicative of -ar


-asen

third-person plural imperfect subjunctive of -ar


-áramos

first-person plural imperfect subjunctive of -ar


-arías

second-person singular conditional of -ar


-erío

-erío m (noun-forming suffix, plural -eríos)

Likely emerged as a masculine variation of -ería; ultimately from Latin -āriō, -ārius.

casa + -erío → caserío

chisme + -erío → chismerío

cable + -erío → cablerío

puta + -erío → puterío

Added to nouns to form other nouns meaning "a class, group, or collection of."; -ery