te

From Latin tē (accusative of tū), from Proto-Indo-European *twé, *te, accusative of *túh₂ (“you”).

masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown

when the subject is plural and of mixed gender

Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity

Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to

Te voy a hacer tus calzones...."La Cucaracha"
I’m going to make your britches


os

Inherited from Latin vōs (accusative), vōbīs (dative).

you, to you, for you; dative and accusative of vosotros


so

¡So tonto!

¡So borrachos!


me

Inherited from Latin mē (accusative singular of ego), from Proto-Indo-European *(h₁)me-. As an indirect object, possibly in part from Latin mihi (dative of ego), through a Vulgar Latin *mi.

(personal, dative pronoun) dative of yo: to me, for me

(personal, reflexive pronoun) reflexive of yo: myself


do

From Old Spanish do, from de (“from”) + o (“where”).


nada

Inherited from Old Spanish nada, inherited from Latin (nūlla rēs) nāta (literally “no born thing, not a thing born”), an extension of nēmō nātus (“not a soul”, literally “nobody born”). For descendants of the other part of the expression see Galician ren (“nothing”), French rien (“nothing”), Catalan res (“nothing; anything”). For the grammaticalization of an original nominal as a negative see Jespersen's Cycle and French personne, pas; see also nadie, from the same root.

inh

No hay nada en la mesa.

Nada ocurrió ayer.

No veo nada.

Me niego a creer nada de lo que dice.

Nada es eterno.


tanto

tanto monta, monta tanto, Isabel como Fernando


q

Hay un policía en la ruta q más uso.

There's a cop on the route that I use the most.

(Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of que (“that”).

q pasó?

(Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of qué (“what”).


ese

head

ese m (feminine esa, neuter eso, masculine plural esos, feminine plural esas, neuter plural esos)

esa (feminine)
eso (neuter)
esos (masculine plural)
esas (feminine plural)
esos (neuter plural)

(demonstrative) Alternative spelling of ése


las

accusative of ustedes (when referring to more than one woman); you all (formal)

ustedes

las que no hablan


uno

uno (plural unos, feminine una, feminine plural unas)

unos (plural)
una (feminine)
unas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one, single”). Cognates include Ancient Greek οἶος (oîos), French un, Russian один (odin).


Representing accents where intervocalic /d/ is lost after a stressed syllable.

Pronunciation spelling
pronunciation spelling


ti

¡Felicidades a ti!

you, thee (declined form of tú used as the object of a preposition (genitive, dative, accusative and ablative)).


ge

Latin illī; akin to Portuguese lhe, Italian gli.

Obsolete form of se (as a dative pronoun)


se

head

se m or f by sense (third person, including ‘usted’ and ‘ustedes’)

Juan se lava.

Juan se lava la cara.

Juan washes his own face. (literally, “Juan, to himself, washes the face.”)

Juan y María se aman.

third person (also used for usted and ustedes) reflexive direct or indirect object oneself, himself, herself, itself, yourself; each other; one another

¿Cómo se llama?

What is your name? (literally, “How do you call yourself?”)

Se dice que...

It is said that... (literally, “It says itself that...”)

Aquí se habla español

Spanish is spoken here / They speak Spanish here. (literally, “One speaks Spanish here, Spanish speaks itself here.”)

used to convey the meaning of the English passive voice in the third person and with usted and ustedes


se

From Old Spanish ge (from Latin illī, compare Portuguese lhe, Italian gli), whose pronunciation shifted from /ʒe/ to /ʃe/ in Early Modern Spanish, at which point it was reanalyzed as /se/ (rather than shifting to /xe/ as expected).

El samaritano se las dio.

used instead of indirect object pronouns le and les before the direct object pronouns lo, la, los, or las


la

→ Translingual: La

From Old Spanish ela, from Latin illa(m), feminine singular of ille.

accusative of ella, ello (when the antecedent's implied gender is feminine), and usted (when referring to a woman); her, it, you (formal)

ella

La sabe toda.

¿¡Dónde la viste!?

No te la creo.

I don't believe you. (from, "I don't believe you [when it comes to] this.")

impersonal neuter pronoun (accusative) in certain colloquial phrases: it, this


nadie

Inherited from Old Spanish nadi, nade (“no one”), inherited from Latin nātī (“born men/people”), perfect past participle of nāscor (“to be born”), ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-.
The semantic change is due to commonly being used with negated verbs in spoken Ibero-Romance, supposing for example *nātī nōn fēcērunt (“born [people] did not do it”), cognate with Old Galician-Portuguese nado (“no one”). Compare the development of French personne from “person” to “no one”. Old Spanish commonly also used the phrase omne nado. Nada (“nothing”) also originates from the same root, from (rēs) nāta (“born thing”); see Jespersen's Cycle. The final unstressed vowel was influenced by quién/quien and alguién (today alguien) towards the very end of the Old Spanish period: Coromines and Pascual report the earliest attestation of the -ie form is in Nebrija.

No hay nadie en el cuarto.

No conozco a nadie de España.

Nadie sabe que su hermano es gay.

Nobody knows that his/her brother is gay.


alguien

From alguno, conflated with quien. Derivation from Latin aliquem, is incorrect, the expected form would have been *algue.


sí

Inherited from Latin sibi, from Proto-Indo-European *sébʰye, dative of *swé (“self”). Cognate with French soi, Italian sé, and Portuguese si.

para sí

himself, herself, itself, themselves, yourself, yourselves (form of se used after prepositions)


los

Inherited from Old Spanish los (“the; them”), from Latin illōs accusative plural masculine of ille.

inh+

accusative of ustedes (when referring to more than one man); you all (formal or (Latin America) informal)

ustedes

los que no hablan


él

head

él (masculine third-person singular pronoun, feminine ella, neuter ello, masculine plural ellos, feminine plural ellas)

ella (feminine)
ello (neuter)
ellos (masculine plural)
ellas (feminine plural)

Él es mi hermano.

Lo hice para él.

he, him, masculine personal third person subject and disjunctive pronoun (used as a subject and after prepositions)

―¿Es esto un libro? ―Sí, él es.

¡Mi coche! ¿Qué le pasó a él?

it, masculine non-personal third-person subject and disjunctive pronoun (used as a subject and after prepositions to refer to masculine nouns)


vos

Chavacano: vos (vulgar)

Inherited from Latin vōs (“you, plural”), from Old Latin vōs, from Proto-Italic *wōs.

inh+

Vos, doña Juana, sois caritativa.

(archaic) an elevated form of you, either singular or plural

(parts of Latin America, Chavacano-speaking areas in the Philippines) a form of you, singular

parts of Latin America; Chavacano-speaking areas in the Philippines; parts of Latin America; Chavacano-speaking areas in the Philippines


nos

Inherited from Old Spanish nos, from accusative Latin nōs and dative Latin nōbīs, from Proto-Italic *nōs.

A eso de las cuatro de la mañana todos nos dijimos buenas noches.

1998, Roberto Bolaño, Los detectives salvajes, →ISBN, page 262:

Around four in the morning, we all told each other good night.

(reflexive pronoun) reflexive of nosotros: ourselves; each other

Venga a nos el tu reino. Ruege por nos, Santa Madre de Dios.

(archaic, formal) first person (except in vocative, and in the oblique it requirea a preposition); I (singular; compare vos)


lo

As a masculine pronoun, from Latin illum, the accusative masculine singular of ille (“that, that one”). As an article or impersonal neuter pronoun, from Latin illud, the neuter singular of ille. Compare Portuguese o.

lo veo

accusative of él, ello, and usted (when referring to a man); him, it, you (formal)

él

lo es

impersonal neuter pronoun clitic of ello; it, that


les

Inherited from Old Spanish les, from Latin illīs, dative plural of ille.

Los chicos están hambrientos, les llevaré algo de comer.

The boys are hungry, I'll bring them something to eat.

dative of ellos and ellas; to them, for them

Hijas, ¿quieren que les compre algo de la tienda?

Daughters, do you want me to buy you all anything from the store?

dative of ustedes; to you all, for you all (formal)

¿Necesitan que [yo] les ayude en algo?

Do you need me to help you all with anything?

(leísmo, dialectal) accusative of ustedes; you all (formal)

Se les considera unos tontos. [non-proscribed]

Ayer les vi cenando en un restaurante. [proscribed]

Yesterday I saw them dining at a restaurant.

(leísmo, dialectal, proscribed except in impersonal sentences with "se") accusative of ellos and ellas; them

Les pedí que por favor hagan silencio.

(gender-neutral, neologism) dative of elles; to them, for them


le

Mi mamá va a escribirle una carta.

Le dio un beso a Ana.

¡Ponle esfuerzo!

¿A usted le gustan los caballos?

to you, for you (formal); dative of usted

Ana, ¿necesita que le ayude en algo?

Ana, do you need me to help you with anything?

(leísmo, dialectal) you (formal); accusative of usted

Él es mi amigo, le conozco desde pequeño.

He is my friend, I know him since he was little.

(leísmo, dialectal) him; accusative of él

Se le conoce como la ciudad que nunca duerme. [non-proscribed]

They know it as the City That Never Sleeps.

¿Te gusta mi auto? Le compré con mis ahorros. [proscribed]

Do you like my car? I bought it with my savings.

(leísmo, dialectal, proscribed except in impersonal sentences with "se") it; accusative of ello

Se le conoce como la Reina del Pop. [non-proscribed]

Ayer le vi cenando en un restaurante. [proscribed]

Yesterday I saw her dining at a restaurant.

(leísmo, dialectal, proscribed except in impersonal sentences with "se") her; accusative of ella


le

Le diré que te llame.

(gender-neutral, neologism) to them, for them (singular); dative of elle


una

Inherited from Old Spanish una (“an; a”), from Latin ūna, feminine of ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one, single”).

der

one (an indefinite plural pronoun using a singular feminine item, used for females)


yo

From Old Spanish yo, from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

first-person singular pronoun in the nominative case; I


algo

Inherited from Old Spanish algo, from Latin aliquod.

Algo imprevisto ocurrió.

Me parece algo de interés.

It seems like something interesting to me.

Eso es algo natural.


todo

Inherited from Old Spanish todo (“all”), from Latin tōtus. Compare Catalan tot, French tout. Related to total, which was borrowed from Latin.

todo lo que dijiste

por todo

throughout, across, all over; for all; about everything


que

Inherited from Latin quid (“what”), but usurping all the roles of Latin quod. Cognate with English who.

la estrella que está en la película

la mujer con la que yo hablé

la casa que yo quiero


este

head

este m sg (demonstrative, feminine esta, neuter esto, feminine plural estas, masculine plural estos, neuter plural estos)

esta (feminine)
esto (neuter)
estas (feminine plural)
estos (masculine plural)
estos (neuter plural)


tal

es-pronoun

tal m or f (masculine and feminine plural tales)

Inherited from Old Spanish tal (“such”), from Latin tālis. Compare French tel, Galician tal, Ladino tal, and Portuguese tal.

Es la jefa, y es importante que la trates como tal.

She's the boss, and it's important that you treat her as such.


esto

¿Qué es esto?


elle

elle gender-neutral (canonical)
elles (plural)

es:LL (desambiguación)
es:elle (pronombre)

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines

elle es muy alte

Meg-John ha notado que rara vez corrige a alguien si esa persona utiliza los pronombres incorrectos para referirse a elle en la presentación al comienzo de una conferencia.

2020, Alex Iantaffi, Meg-John Barker, translated by Raquel García Rojas, Cómo entender tu género: una guía práctica para explorar quién eres, Dos Bigotes, →ISBN:

Meg-John has noticed that they rarely correct someone if that person uses the wrong pronouns to refer to them in the presentation at the beginning of a lecture.

(gender-neutral, neologism) they, them (singular); a gender-neutral singular third-person personal pronoun


tú

Chavacano: tu

Inherited from Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (whence English thou).

vos[Appendix:Spanish pronouns#Voseo|in and near Argentina]]>

second person pronoun in singular tense; you (informal communication in Spain and Mexico)


usted

From vuestra merced (lit. "your mercy" (etymological) or "your grace" (idiomatic)), an honorific style. In 17th-century Spanish, there were a number of variants, including the intermediate forms vuesasted and vusted. Cf. Portuguese você, Galician vostede, Catalan vostè, Asturian vusté and Sardinian bostè. The following list has the variants reported by Coromines and Pascual, with their reported first year of attestation:
(Early modern variants):
bosanzé, 1620 (Lope de Vega, Pedro Carbonero, portrayed as said by (ex-)Muslims)
boxanxé, ca. 1631 (Quevedo, Libro de todas las cosas y otras muchas más, portrayed as said by (ex-)Muslims)
usted, 1620
voarced, 1635
voazé, 1625 (Vélez de Guevara, El Rey en su imagen, portrayed as criminal cant)
vuarced, ca. 1630
vuasted, 1617
vucé, 1626
vuesarced, 1621
vuesasted, 1597
vuested, 1635
vusté (in Quiñones de Benavente, died 1651)
vusted, 1619

col

Early modern variants

(formal) second person formal; you (singular)

(Costa Rica, Colombia, chiefly Bogotá) second person informal; you (singular)


nosotros

head

nosotros m pl (feminine plural nosotras)

Inherited from Old Spanish nos (us) from Latin nōs + otros (others), plural of otro, from Latin alter. Compare Galician nosoutros, Catalan nosaltres, Occitan nosautres, French nous autres, Friulian noaltris, Italian noialtri.


vosotros

From older vos (“you”) (plural), from Latin vōs, and otros (“others”), plural of otro, from Latin alter (“other”). Compare Galician vosoutros, Catalan vosaltres, Occitan vosautres, French vous autres, Italian voialtri, Portuguese vós Sicilian vuiautri.

(regional, chiefly Spain, Equatorial Guinea, Philippines) you; second person masculine plural personal pronoun


elles

Elles integraron los organismos junto a activistas que si bien no tenían parientes desaparecides se sumaron por trayectorias militantes y profesionales.

2019, Centro de Estudios Legales y Sociales, Derechos humanos en la Argentina: Informe 2019, Siglo XXI Editores, →ISBN:

They were part of the organizations along with activists who, although they had no relatives who had disappeared, joined them through militant and professional trajectories.

(gender-neutral, neologism) they; a gender-neutral plural third-person personal pronoun


mucho

mucho m (feminine mucha, masculine plural muchos, feminine plural muchas)

mucha (feminine)
muchos (masculine plural)
muchas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Spanish mucho, from Latin multus (“much, many”), from the Proto-Indo-European *ml̥tos (“crumbled, crumpled”, past passive participle). Compare the Portuguese muito (“much, many, a lot”). Unrelated to English much, which is related to archaic maño (“big”) (the second element in tamaño).


qué

¿Qué ves?


quien

head

quien (relative pronoun, plural quienes)

Inherited from Latin quĕm, accusative of quī, from Old Latin quei, from Proto-Italic *kʷoi, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷis, *kʷos.

La mujer con quien se casó

La persona a quien yo amo

Quienes digan así…

No te fíes de quien no dice la verdad.

Do not trust anyone who does not tell the truth.

¿Eres tú quien ha de venir?

¡Soy yo quien llama a la puerta!


quienquiera

From quien (“who”) + quiera (subjunctive of querer (“to want”)).

af

subjunctive of <i class="Latn mention" lang="es">querer</i> (“to want”)


Padre

Father (a title for a Latin Catholic priest and also God the Father)


donde

From de (“from”) + Old Spanish onde (“whence, from where”), from Latin unde.
Replaced Old Spanish o (“where”), from Latin ubi, although the latter survives, in a marginal way, in the form do, which is also prefixed with de.

El lugar donde estamos es secreto.


ambos

Inherited from Latin ambōs m pl. Old Spanish consistently had amos, representing the inherited form, while ambos existed in neighbouring Old Leonese. Later, Latin influence helped ambos spread into Spanish as well, where it displaced the form without /b/.


nosotras

head

nosotras f pl (masculine plural nosotros)


vosotras

(informal) you; second person feminine plural personal pronoun

(Louisiana, formal) you; second person feminine plural personal pronoun


ustedes

ustedes m pl or f pl (singular usted, dative les)

(formal in Spain, Equatorial Guinea, Philippines) you (plural)

(Latin America, US, Canary Islands, Western Andalusia) you (plural)


ellas

Inherited from Latin illās, accusative feminine plural of ille.

they, them (used subjectively and after prepositions; can refer to women and feminine nouns)


mí

Inherited from Latin mihi, dative of ego.

me; (declined form of yo used as the object of a preposition)


ello

Inherited from Latin illud, neuter of ille. See also lo.

(literary) it, neuter third-person subject and disjunctive pronoun (used only to refer to facts, sets of things, and indefinite things that have been mentioned before; generally used with prepositions and rarely used as a subject, except in literary style)


estas

From Latin istās, accusative plural of ista.

(demonstrative) Alternative spelling of éstas (“these ones”)


esta

(demonstrative) Alternative spelling of ésta (“this one”)


estos

From Latin istōs, accusative plural of iste.

(demonstrative) Alternative spelling of éstos (“these ones”)


ésta

esta

The accented form is now considered obsolete


aquel

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *eccum ille, a compound of Latin eccum and ille.

(demonstrative) Alternative spelling of aquél


esos

Alternative spelling of ésos; those ones


esas

(demonstrative) Alternative spelling of ésas (“those ones”)


aquella

Alternative spelling of aquélla; that one


aquellas

Alternative spelling of aquéllas; those ones


aquellos

Alternative spelling of aquéllos; those ones (over there; implying some distance). The unaccented form can function as a pronoun if it can be unambiguously deduced as such from context.


otro

otro m (plural otros, feminine otra, feminine plural otras)

otros (plural)
otra (feminine)
otras (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin alter, altera, alterum, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élteros. Compare Portuguese outro and French autre.


cualquiera

From cual (“which”) + quiera (“it may want”).


alguno

alguno m (feminine alguna, masculine plural algunos, feminine plural algunas)

alguna (feminine)
algunos (masculine plural)
algunas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *alicunus, from Latin alĭquis (“someone”) + unus (“one”).
Cognate with French aucun, Italian alcuno, Galician algún, Portuguese algum.


tí

Mistake made from analogy with mí (“me”) and sí (“himself, herself, itself, themselves”), which do have accent marks to differentiate them from mi (“my”) and si (“if”) respectively.


ná

no pasa ná


unas

From Latin ūnās, accusative feminine plural of ūnus.


vuestro

vuestro m sg (plural vuestros, feminine vuestra, feminine plural vuestras)

vuestros (plural)
vuestra (feminine)
vuestras (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin vostrum, from vester, from Proto-Italic *westeros.


cuanto

Inherited from Latin quantus, from Proto-Italic *kʷijentos, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷíh₂onts (“how much, how many”), from *kʷíh₂, neuter of *kʷís.
Cognate with French quant, Italian quanto, Portuguese quanto, Romanian cât, Ashkun ćīt, Waigali kiti, Sanskrit कियत् (kíyat), Avestan 𐬗𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬧𐬙 (cuuaṇt).

inh

Dame cuanto tengas.

whatever quantity, as much, however much


ella

head

ella (plural ellas, masculine él, masculine plural ellos)

ellas (plural)
él (masculine)
ellos (masculine plural)

Inherited from Latin illa, feminine of ille.

she, her (used subjectively and after prepositions)

it (used subjectively and after prepositions to refer to feminine nouns)


mío

mío m sg (first person singular possessive of singular masculine, masculine plural míos, feminine mía, feminine plural mías)

of singular masculine (first-person possessive singular)
míos (masculine plural)
mía (feminine)
mías (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Spanish myo, from Latin meus.

¿De quién son estos libros? — Son míos. Los tuyos están en la mesa.

Whose books are these? — They're mine. Yours are on the table.


tuya

Inherited from Latin tua, singular feminine form of tuus (“your”).


tuyo

tuyo m sg (plural tuyos, feminine tuya, feminine plural tuyas)

tuyos (plural)
tuya (feminine)
tuyas (feminine plural)

¿Eso es tuyo?


suyo

suyo m sg (plural suyos, feminine suya, feminine plural suyas)

suyos (plural)
suya (feminine)
suyas (feminine plural)


nuestro

nuestro m sg (possessive, feminine nuestra, masculine plural nuestros, feminine plural nuestras)

nuestra (feminine)
nuestros (masculine plural)
nuestras (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin nostrum, from Proto-Italic *nosteros.


nuestra

From Latin nostra(m), feminine of noster.


cual

Tal vez podrías probar de otra manera, cual es simplemente ignorarlo.

Maybe you could try another way, like to simply ignore it.

En cuanto a películas, me interesan mucho las de terror, cuales son la mayoría de las que se venden en esta tienda.

As for movies, I'm very interested in horrors, suchlike are the majority of the ones sold in this store.

(formal, literary) suchlike, like (which), such as


cuál

¿Cuál es tu dirección?

(interrogative pronoun, as part of a question) what (in terms of a very specific item); which, which one


ninguno

ninguno m (feminine ninguna, masculine plural ningunos, feminine plural ningunas)

ninguna (feminine)
ningunos (masculine plural)
ningunas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Late Latin nec ūnus (“not even one”). Compare Old French neisune, Italian nessuno and nissuno (Tuscan), Neapolitan nisciuno, Friulian nissun, Dalmatian nenčoin, Istriot ningun, Romanian niciun, Portuguese nenhum, Catalan ningú.

inh+

No tengo ninguno más.


unos

From Latin ūnōs, accusative masculine plural of ūnus.


quién

¿Con quién hablo?

¡Quién lo hubiera creído!

¿De quién es este libro?

¿Quién enseña la clase?

¿Quién carajo es Kevin?

No sabe quién ha llamado

¡Quién tuviera veinte años!

¡Quién hubiera tocado la lotería!

(followed by a subjunctive clause in the imperfect or pluperfect tense) if only; I wish


demás

Inherited from Latin dē magis; compare Portuguese demais and Asturian demás. Equivalent to de- + más. From Latin magis (“more”) derivative magister comes also English master.


cuántos

(interrogative) masculine plural of cuánto


ése

head

ése (demonstrative, feminine ésa, neuter eso, masculine plural ésos, feminine plural ésas)

ésa (feminine)
eso (neuter)
ésos (masculine plural)
ésas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin ipse.
The slang sense to refer to a person is, allegedly from urban legend, from South Mexico and became popular slang in pachuco culture [1940s].

ese

The unaccented form can function as a pronoun if it can be unambiguously deduced as such from context.

(Mexico, Chicano, slang, vocative) dude, guy, pal, man, buddy


ál

Inherited from Latin alid, variant form of aliud, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.


aquello

From Vulgar Latin *eccum illum, neuter singular of *eccum ille.

neuter singular of aquél; that (over there); it


có

(colloquial, Caribbean) Alternative form of cómo


algunas

feminine plural of alguno; some (some people)


aquél

aquél m (demonstrative, feminine aquélla, neuter aquello, masculine plural aquéllos, feminine plural aquéllas)

aquélla (feminine)
aquello (neuter)
aquéllos (masculine plural)
aquéllas (feminine plural)

(demonstrative) that one (far from speaker and listener)


vuestras

(possessive) feminine plural of vuestro: yours


vusted

From vuestra (“your”) + merced (“grace”).


éste

éste m (demonstrative, feminine ésta, neuter esto, masculine plural éstos, feminine plural éstas)

ésta (feminine)
esto (neuter)
éstos (masculine plural)
éstas (feminine plural)


aquéllas

feminine plural of aquél; those ones (far from speaker and listener)


aquéllos

plural of aquél; those ones (far from speaker and listener)


vuesa merced

Shortened form of vuestra (“your”) + merced (“mercy”).

(archaic, formal) your grace; your mercy; you


Vd.

Abbreviation of vuestra merced (literally “your mercy”); an honorific style.


todo mundo

(Latin America) Alternative form of todo el mundo


alguna cosa

something, anything (unspecified object)


usencia

head

usencia m or f by sense (plural usencias)

From vuestra excelencia (literally “your excellence”) or vuestra reverencia (literally “your reverence”); an honorific style. Compare with more modern usted.

(archaic, formal) second person; your Excellency; you (singular)

(archaic, formal) second person; your reverence; you (singular)


vueso

vueso m (plural vuesos, feminine vuesa, feminine plural vuesas)

vuesos (plural)
vuesa (feminine)
vuesas (feminine plural)


vuestra merced

vuestra merced (plural vuestras mercedes)

(archaic, formal) your grace; your mercy; your worship; you


usía

From vuestra señoría (literally “your honor”); an honorific style. Compare with more archaic usencia or modern usted.

(archaic, formal) second person; your honor; you (singular)


vosotres

vosotres gender-neutral pl (masculine vosotros, feminine vosotras)

vosotres gender-neutral (canonical plural)
vosotros (masculine)
vosotras (feminine)

(gender-neutral, neologism) you (plural)


aqueste

aqueste m (plural aquestos, neuter aquesto, feminine aquesta, feminine plural aquestas)

aquestos (plural)
aquesto (neuter)
aquesta (feminine)
aquestas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Spanish aqueste (“this”), from Vulgar Latin *eccum iste, from Latin eccum with iste.


sumercé

From su merced, the same construction as in usted.

(Colombia, cundiboyacense) polite second-person singular pronoun


estotro

head

estotro m sg (feminine estotra, masculine plural estotros, feminine plural estotras)

estotra (feminine)
estotros (masculine plural)
estotras (feminine plural)


lo que

Buscamos lo que escondieron.

No hay ninguna razón convincente por la que debería hablar contigo sobre lo que estoy haciendo en mi propio cuarto.

There's no convincing reason for which I should talk with you about what I'm doing in my own room.

lo que tú digas

Esperaba que me entretuviera esta película más de lo que hizo.

I was hoping this movie would entertain me more than [what] it did.

Se lo prometo a todos que la situación parece mucho peor de lo que es en realidad.

I promise you all that things appear much worse than [how] they actually are


el que

el que (relative, feminine la que, neuter lo que, masculine plural los que, feminine plural las que)

la que (feminine)
lo que (neuter)
los que (masculine plural)
las que (feminine plural)

Eres el hombre al que amo.

Estamos buscando a la mujer para la que compraste un ramo de flores en nuestra tienda.

We're looking for the women for whom you bought a bouquet of flowers at our store.

Esta es la casa de la que hablé, en la que vivía mi hermano hasta que se mudó a Aragón hace unos cuantos años.

This is the house [that] I talked about, the one that my brother lived in until he moved to Aragon a few years ago.

No creo que haya ninguna razón convincente por la que debería hablar contigo.

I don't think there's any convincing reason for which I should talk with you.

¿Qué voy a ser si te he dado lo que soy?

2007, El Sueño de Morfeo, Nada es Suficiente:

What am I going to be if I've given you what I am?


el cual

el cual (relative, feminine la cual, neuter lo cual, masculine plural los cuales, feminine plural las cuales)

la cual (feminine)
lo cual (neuter)
los cuales (masculine plural)
las cuales (feminine plural)

Gracias a los cuales no hicieron caso de mis recordatorios, no tendremos conexión a Internet en la casa hasta el mes que viene.

Thanks to those who ignored my reminders, we won't have connection to the internet in the house until next month.

Esa noche, sentado junto a un árbol en el bosque, a través del cual vagaba incontables veces, me sentí como si estuviera más lejos que cerca de lo que yo era hasta algún momento perdido, con el cual todavía a veces sueño, como si me despertara en algún lugar no conocido por aquellos como yo, un lugar tan fuera de sí mismo como fuera de todo lo demás.

That night, sitting next to a tree in the forest, through which I've wandered countless times, I felt as if I were farther than closer to what I was until some lost moment, about which I still sometimes dream, as if I woke up in some place not known by those like me, a place as outside itself as outside of everything else.


vuesarced

(obsolete, formal) your grace; your mercy; you


nosotres

nosotres gender-neutral pl (masculine nosotros, feminine nosotras)

nosotres gender-neutral (canonical plural)
nosotros (masculine)
nosotras (feminine)


ni jota

No podrían hacer ni jota acá.

¿No entiendes ni jota de lo que habla?

You don't understand a single thing he says?


nada de nada

nothing at all; absolutely nothing; jack


cada uno

Cf. Old Spanish cadauno, from Latin cata (< Ancient Greek κατά (katá)) + unum. Compare Occitan cadun, Catalan cadascun; cf. French chacun.


qn

(Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of quién (“who”).

(Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of quien (“who”).


cada quien

Al dar por fracasado el proyecto, aunque solo sea especulativamente, esas reservas se disipan, y cada quien puede exponer y defender relajadamente su libérrimo punto de vista.

By considering the project as a failure, even if only speculatively, those reservations dissipate, and everyone can freely expose and defend their point of view in a relaxed way.

cada quien tiene su manera de matar pulgas


vuestra señoría

vuestra señoría (plural vuestras señorías)


vuestra excelencia

vuestra excelencia (plural vuestras excelencias)

vuestra (“your”) + excelencia (“excellency”)


vuestras excelencias

vuestra excelencia
vuestra excelencia#Spanish


vuestra reverencia

vuestra reverencia (plural vuestras reverencias)

vuestra (“your”) + reverencia (“reverence”)


vuestras reverencias

vuestra reverencia
vuestra reverencia#Spanish


miguel

From proper name Miguel, a rhyme made with pronoun mí.

Este regalo es para miguel, no para ti.

(colloquial, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua) Synonym of mí (me)


miguelito

From proper name Miguelito, a rhyme made with pronoun mí; alternatively from miguel + -ito.

Este regalo es para miguelito, no para ti.

(colloquial, El Salvador, Mexico, Honduras) Synonym of mí (me)


dos que tres

María es tan guapa que ya enamoró a dos que tres.
María is so pretty that she has captivated some already.