"ciudadanía" meaning in Spanish

See ciudadanía in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /θjudadaˈnia/, [θju.ð̞a.ð̞aˈni.a], /sjudadaˈnia/, [sju.ð̞a.ð̞aˈni.a] Forms: ciudadanías [plural]
Rhymes: -ia Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱey-der. Proto-Italic *keiwis Latin ceivis Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-ts Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts Proto-Italic *-tāts Latin -tās Latin ceivitās Latin cīvitātem Old Spanish cibdat Spanish ciudad Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Italic *-nos Latin -nus Latin -ānus Spanish -ano Spanish ciudadano Spanish -ía Spanish ciudadanía From ciudadano + -ía. Etymology templates: {{ety|es|:af|ciudadano|-ía|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱey-der. Proto-Italic *keiwis Latin ceivis Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-ts Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts Proto-Italic *-tāts Latin -tās Latin ceivitās Latin cīvitātem Old Spanish cibdat Spanish ciudad Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Italic *-nos Latin -nus Latin -ānus Spanish -ano Spanish ciudadano Spanish -ía Spanish ciudadanía [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "to settle, be lying down", "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ḱey-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*keiwis", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "ceivis", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "la" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "-ty", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "-ty", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-teh₂", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-ts", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-teh₂ts", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-tāts", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-tās", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "ceivitās", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "civitas", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Spanish", "term" : "cibdat", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "osp" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Spanish", "term" : "ciudad", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "es" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "-ian", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "adjective", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "verbal adjective", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-nós", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-nos", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-nus", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ānus", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Spanish", "term" : "-ano", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "es" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Spanish", "term" : "ciudadano", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "es" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Spanish", "term" : "-ía", "status" : "ambiguous", "lang" : "es" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Spanish", "term" : "ciudadanía", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "es" }" data-lang="es" data-title="ciudadanía"> From ciudadano + -ía. Head templates: {{es-noun|f}} ciudadanía f (plural ciudadanías)
  1. citizenship Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-ciudadanía-es-noun-F1fS-5Yo
  2. citizenry Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-ciudadanía-es-noun-2eexjCAk Categories (other): Spanish entries referencing ambiguous etymons, Spanish entries with etymology texts, Spanish entries with etymology trees, Spanish entries with etymon, Spanish entries with incorrect language header, Spanish terms suffixed with -ía Disambiguation of Spanish entries referencing ambiguous etymons: 6 94 Disambiguation of Spanish entries with etymology texts: 6 94 Disambiguation of Spanish entries with etymology trees: 6 94 Disambiguation of Spanish entries with etymon: 5 95 Disambiguation of Spanish entries with incorrect language header: 3 97 Disambiguation of Spanish terms suffixed with -ía: 7 93
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: carta de ciudadanía

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "carta de ciudadanía"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "ciudadano",
        "4": "-ía",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱey-der.\nProto-Italic *keiwis\nLatin ceivis\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-ts\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts\nProto-Italic *-tāts\nLatin -tās\nLatin ceivitās\nLatin cīvitātem\nOld Spanish cibdat\nSpanish ciudad\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Italic *-nos\nLatin -nus\nLatin -ānus\nSpanish -ano\nSpanish ciudadano\nSpanish -ía\nSpanish ciudadanía\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to settle, be lying down\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱey-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*keiwis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ceivis\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ty\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ty\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-teh₂\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ts\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-teh₂ts\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tāts\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tās\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ceivitās\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"civitas\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Spanish\", \"term\" : \"cibdat\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"osp\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"ciudad\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ian\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-nos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-nus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ānus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ano\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"ciudadano\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ía\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"ciudadanía\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"ciudadanía\">\nFrom ciudadano + -ía.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱey-der.\nProto-Italic *keiwis\nLatin ceivis\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-ts\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts\nProto-Italic *-tāts\nLatin -tās\nLatin ceivitās\nLatin cīvitātem\nOld Spanish cibdat\nSpanish ciudad\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Italic *-nos\nLatin -nus\nLatin -ānus\nSpanish -ano\nSpanish ciudadano\nSpanish -ía\nSpanish ciudadanía\nFrom ciudadano + -ía.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ciudadanías",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "ciudadanía f (plural ciudadanías)",
      "name": "es-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ciu‧da‧da‧ní‧a"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "ciu‧da‧da‧ní‧a"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Spanish",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "citizenship"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciudadanía-es-noun-F1fS-5Yo",
      "links": [
        [
          "citizenship",
          "citizenship"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 94",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Spanish entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 94",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Spanish entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 94",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Spanish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 95",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Spanish entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 97",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 93",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Spanish terms suffixed with -ía",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "citizenry"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciudadanía-es-noun-2eexjCAk",
      "links": [
        [
          "citizenry",
          "citizenry"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/θjudadaˈnia/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[θju.ð̞a.ð̞aˈni.a]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sjudadaˈnia/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[sju.ð̞a.ð̞aˈni.a]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ia"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciudadanía"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Rhymes:Spanish/ia",
    "Rhymes:Spanish/ia/5 syllables",
    "Spanish 5-syllable words",
    "Spanish countable nouns",
    "Spanish entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
    "Spanish entries with etymology texts",
    "Spanish entries with etymology trees",
    "Spanish entries with etymon",
    "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Spanish feminine nouns",
    "Spanish lemmas",
    "Spanish nouns",
    "Spanish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱey-",
    "Spanish terms suffixed with -ía",
    "Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "carta de ciudadanía"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "ciudadano",
        "4": "-ía",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱey-der.\nProto-Italic *keiwis\nLatin ceivis\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-ts\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts\nProto-Italic *-tāts\nLatin -tās\nLatin ceivitās\nLatin cīvitātem\nOld Spanish cibdat\nSpanish ciudad\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Italic *-nos\nLatin -nus\nLatin -ānus\nSpanish -ano\nSpanish ciudadano\nSpanish -ía\nSpanish ciudadanía\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to settle, be lying down\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱey-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*keiwis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ceivis\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ty\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ty\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-teh₂\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ts\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-teh₂ts\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tāts\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tās\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ceivitās\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"civitas\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Spanish\", \"term\" : \"cibdat\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"osp\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"ciudad\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ian\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-nos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-nus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ānus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ano\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"ciudadano\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ía\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"ciudadanía\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"ciudadanía\">\nFrom ciudadano + -ía.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱey-der.\nProto-Italic *keiwis\nLatin ceivis\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-ts\nProto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts\nProto-Italic *-tāts\nLatin -tās\nLatin ceivitās\nLatin cīvitātem\nOld Spanish cibdat\nSpanish ciudad\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Italic *-nos\nLatin -nus\nLatin -ānus\nSpanish -ano\nSpanish ciudadano\nSpanish -ía\nSpanish ciudadanía\nFrom ciudadano + -ía.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ciudadanías",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "ciudadanía f (plural ciudadanías)",
      "name": "es-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ciu‧da‧da‧ní‧a"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "ciu‧da‧da‧ní‧a"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Spanish",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "citizenship"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "citizenship",
          "citizenship"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "citizenry"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "citizenry",
          "citizenry"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/θjudadaˈnia/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[θju.ð̞a.ð̞aˈni.a]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/sjudadaˈnia/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[sju.ð̞a.ð̞aˈni.a]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ia"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciudadanía"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ciudadanía meaning in Spanish (6.1kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Spanish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (e62056b and e7887d5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.