abductor

[aβ̞.ð̞uɣ̞ˈt̪oɾ]

Borrowed from New Latin abductor, from abdūcō + -tor.


lente

es-noun

lente m or f same meaning (plural lentes)

lente m or f same meaning (canonical)
lentes (plural)

Borrowed from Latin lentem (“lentil”), in Medieval Latin later taking on the sense of "lens". Cognate with English lens.

(chiefly in the plural, Latin America) glasses, (formal) spectacles, (US) eyeglass


FAC

(military, aviation) Abbreviation of Fuerza Aérea Colombiana: the Colombian Air Force


pez

Inherited from Old Spanish pez, from Latin piscem, from Proto-Indo-European *peysk-. Compare peje, Italian pesce, Portuguese peixe, Romanian pește.


tesauro

Borrowed from Latin thesaurus (“treasure”), from Ancient Greek θησαυρός (thēsaurós). Doublet of tesoro.

bor+

(information science) thesaurus (hierarchical index of metadata pointing to information bearing entities)


libre

es-adj

libre m or f (masculine and feminine plural libres)

→ English: libre

→ Hiligaynon: libre

→ Tagalog: libre

Probably borrowed from Latin līber, from Old Latin loeber, from Proto-Italic *louðeros, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ-er-os, from *h₁lewdʰ- (“people”).

(grammar) free (that can be unattached to another morpheme)


centavo

→ Catalan: centau

→ Catalan: centavo

[θẽn̪ˈt̪a.β̞o]

cent (subunit of currency in US and other countries)


perro

es-noun

perro m (plural perros, feminine perra, feminine plural perras)

perros (plural)
perra (feminine)
perras (feminine plural)

Chavacano: perro

→ Portuguese: perro

→ Yao (South America): pero

From Old Spanish perro (ca. 1200), of uncertain origin. Originally had a pejorative connotation, but soon began to supplant the Latin word can. Perhaps from a call used for dogs; compare Galician apurrar (“set the dogs on”). Another theory derives it from Iberian, compare Asturian perru. If so, it may be related to Spanish zorro.

por un perro que maté, mataperros me llamaron

(derogatory) asshole (despicable person)


perro

es-adj

perro (feminine perra, masculine plural perros, feminine plural perras)

perra (feminine)
perros (masculine plural)
perras (feminine plural)


monetario

monetario (feminine monetaria, masculine plural monetarios, feminine plural monetarias)

monetaria (feminine)
monetarios (masculine plural)
monetarias (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Latin monētārius (“of or belonging to the mint”).


menos

Inherited from Old Spanish menos, inherited from Latin minus, comparative of parum.


peso

→ Bikol Central: piso

→ English: peso

→ Basque: pisu

→ Cebuano: piso

→ Tagalog: piso

→ Navajo: béeso (“money”)

Inherited from Old Spanish peso, from Vulgar Latin *pēsum, from Latin pēnsum, from pendō (“to weigh”). Doublet of the semi-learned pienso.

(physics) weight (the force on an object due to gravitational attraction)


acacia

Borrowed from Latin acacia, from Ancient Greek ἀκακία (akakía) "a thorny Egyptian tree", from ἀκή (akḗ) "point, thorn".

acacia (shrub or tree of the tribe Acacieae)


pie

Inherited from Old Spanish pie, from Latin pedem.
Cognate with Asturian pie, Galician and Portuguese pé, and Catalan peu. As an English unit, a calque of English foot.

(historical, measure) pie, a Spanish foot (a former unit of length equivalent to about 27.9 cm)

(design, typography) footer (the bottom of a page or design)


robot

Borrowed from English robot, from Czech.


pluvia

Learned borrowing from Latin pluvia. Doublet of lluvia.


singular

es-adj

singular m or f (masculine and feminine plural singulares)

Borrowed from Latin singulāris. Doublet of señero.


acidosis

(pathology) acidosis (an abnormally increased acidity of the blood)


colon

From Latin cōlon, from Ancient Greek κῶλον (kôlon).


colon

From Latin cŏlon, from Ancient Greek κόλον (kólon).

(anatomy) colon (part of the large intestine)


hueso

Inherited from Old Spanish huesso, from Latin ossum, popular variant of os, ossis, from Proto-Italic *ōs, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”), *h₂óst.
Compare Catalan os, French os, Interlingua osso, Italian osso, Portuguese osso, Romanian os, Sardinian ossu.
Political sense comes from comparing a dog looking for and defending a bone and a politician searching for a position.

El perro enterró un hueso.

Los adultos tienen 206 huesos.

(botany) stone, pit (the central part of some fruits, consisting of the seed and a hard endocarp layer (like those of peach, olive, avocado or mango))


diccionario

→ Tagalog: diksiyonaryo

Borrowed from Medieval Latin dictiōnārium (“dictionary”), derived from Latin dictiō (“saying, speaking”) + -ārium.


tigre

es-noun

tigre m (plural tigres, feminine tigresa, feminine plural tigresas)

tigres (plural)
tigresa (feminine)
tigresas (feminine plural)

→ Cebuano: tigre

→ San Juan Atzingo Popoloca: cotigre

→ Tagalog: tigre

→ Tetelcingo Nahuatl: tigre

→ Zoogocho Zapotec: tigr

From Latin tīgris, from Ancient Greek τίγρις (tígris).


radio

Borrowed from Latin radius. Doublet of rayo.


radio

Borrowed from French radium, from radio(actif) + -ium.


gas

Borrowed from Dutch gas, coined by Belgian chemist Jan Baptist van Helmont. Perhaps inspired by Middle Dutch gheest (Modern Dutch geest (“breath, vapour, spirit”), or from Ancient Greek χάος (kháos, “chasm, void”).


Australia

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


amontillado

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Philippines

From a- + Montilla + -ar, named for the town in southern Spain where the wine was originally made. The place name is from a diminutive of montaña.


dual

es-adj

dual m or f (masculine and feminine plural duales)


irregular

irregular m or f (masculine and feminine plural irregulares)


iceberg

[i.θeˈβ̞eɾɣ̞]

[ˈai̯z.β̞eɾɣ̞]

Borrowed from English iceberg, from Dutch ijsberg (literally “ice mountain”).

der

la punta del iceberg


regular

es-adj

regular m or f (masculine and feminine plural regulares)


abuela

es-noun

abuela f (plural abuelas, masculine abuelo, masculine plural abuelos)

abuelas (plural)
abuelo (masculine)
abuelos (masculine plural)

→ Hiligaynon: abuéla

→ Papiamentu: wela

Inherited from Late Latin aviola, diminutive from Latin avia.

si mi abuela tuviera ruedas, sería una bicicleta

grandmother, female equivalent of abuelo


abuelo

abuelo m (plural abuelos, feminine abuela, feminine plural abuelas)

abuelos (plural)
abuela (feminine)
abuelas (feminine plural)

Chavacano: abuelo

→ Hiligaynon: abuélo

→ Papiamentu: welo

Inherited from Old Spanish avuelo, from Vulgar Latin *av(i)olum, ultimately from Latin avus.

(colloquial, endearing) an elderly person


finger

Unadapted borrowing from English finger.


red

Inherited from Old Spanish red, from Latin rēte (“net”). Cognate with English rete.

fuera de la red


PA

presión arterial
presión arterial#Spanish

(medicine) Initialism of presión arterial.

potencial de acción
potencial de acción#Spanish

(biology) Initialism of potencial de acción.


IA

incidencia acumulada
incidencia acumulada#Spanish

(medicine) Initialism of incidencia acumulada. (CI (cumulative incidence))


ventana

Chavacano: ventana

Chibcha: ventana

Papiamentu: bentana

→ Bikol Central: bentana

→ Cebuano: bintana, bentana

→ Classical Nahuatl: ventana

→ Guaraní: ovetã

→ Hiligaynon: bintana

→ Portuguese: ventana

→ Sardinian: ventana

→ Tagalog: bintana

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *ventāna, derived from Latin ventus (“wind”). Compare Portuguese ventã and Galician ventá.

el verbo echar echa la hache por la ventana

(computing) window (area on a computer screen)


SD

sintagma determinante
sintagma determinante#Spanish

(grammar, syntax) Initialism of sintagma determinante (“determiner phrase”).


plaza

→ Basque: plaza

→ Bikol Central: plasa

→ English: plaza

→ Thai: พลาซ่า (plaa-sâa)

Semi-learned term taken from Latin platea, from Ancient Greek πλατεῖα (plateîa), clipping of πλατεῖα ὁδός (plateîa hodós, “broad way”). Doublet of platea. Compare Portuguese praça.


ML

(Marxism) initialism of marxismo-leninismo; ML


ML

(Marxism) initialism of marxista-leninista; ML


familia

→ Cebuano: pamilya

→ Chamorro: familia

→ Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: familia

→ Ilocano: pamilia

→ Tagalog: pamilya

→ Waray-Waray: pamilya

family (a grouping of things possessing common characteristics)


sol

From Latin sōl (“sun”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥. The Peruvian currency makes reference to the meaning "sun", but is a shortening from Latin solidus.

sol (a unit of currency, currently used in Peru)


sol

(chemistry) sol (a colloid suspension of a solid in a liquid)


sangría

→ English: sangria

→ German: Sangria

sangria (type of wine punch with cubed pieces of fruit and fruit soda)


pico

→ Tetelcingo Nahuatl: tlölpico

→ Western Juxtlahuaca Mixtec: píko

Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico

Inherited from Old Spanish bico, from Latin beccus, from Gaulish *bekkos, from Proto-Celtic *bekkos. It was phonetically influenced by the verb picar (“to peck”). Compare English beak.


granada

From the feminine of granado, from Latin (mālum) granātum (literally “apple with many seeds”); compare granado. Compare Italian melagranata.


coral

Inherited from Old Spanish coral, from Old French coral, from Latin corallium, from Ancient Greek κοράλλιον (korállion).


huevo

Chavacano: huevo

Papiamentu: webu

→ Cahuilla: wéevu'

→ English: huevo

Inherited from Old Spanish hueuo, from Vulgar Latin (*)ŏvum, from Classical Latin ōvum.


plata

es-adj

plata m or f (masculine and feminine plural platas)

From Vulgar Latin *platta, *plattus, borrowed from Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús, “wide”), because silver was often made into sheets. As with plato, this word may be semi-learned or avoided certain phonetic changes due to use by mainly the upper classes. Compare Portuguese prata, Catalan plata. Displaced Old Spanish ariento from Latin argentum. Compare English plate.


chocolate

→ Aragonese: chicolate

→ Asturian: chicolate, chocolate

→ Basque: txokolate

→ Bikol Central: tsokolate

→ Catalan: xocolata

→ Cebuano: sikwate, tsokolate

→ Dutch: chocolade (see there for further descendants)

→ English: chocolate (see there for further descendants)

→ French: chocolat (see there for further descendants)

→ Galician: chocolate

→ Hungarian: csokoládé

→ Italian: cioccolato, cioccolata (see there for further descendants)

→ Kapampangan: suklati

→ Maguindanao: sikulate

→ Portuguese: chocolate

→ Swedish: choklad
→ Finnish: suklaa

→ Tagalog: tsokolate

→ Taos: cikulòtiʼína

From a Classical Nahuatl word, possibly from chocolatl (a late attestation), or from Yucatec Maya chocol (“hot”) though the etymology is unknown. See English chocolate.

hot chocolate (drink made by dissolving chocolate in milk or water)


acre

acre m or f (masculine and feminine plural acres)


conejo

es-noun

conejo m (plural conejos, feminine coneja, feminine plural conejas)

conejos (plural)
coneja (feminine)
conejas (feminine plural)

Papiamentu: koneu

→ Asturian: conexu

→ Cebuano: koneho

→ Galician: conexo

→ Quechua: kunu

→ Tagalog: kuneho

Inherited from Old Spanish conejo, from Latin cuniculus.

(Mexico, anatomy) a contracted biceps (having athletic or semi-athletic features, specially when exhibiting, intentionally or not)


loco

es-adj

loco (feminine loca, masculine plural locos, feminine plural locas, superlative loquísimo)

loca (feminine)
locos (masculine plural)
locas (feminine plural)
loquísimo (superlative)

→ English: loco

→ Swedish: loco

→ Tetelcingo Nahuatl: luco

Inherited from Old Spanish loco, perhaps from Andalusian Arabic لَوْقَاء (láwqa), from Arabic لَوْقَاء (lawqāʔ), feminine singular form of أَلْوَق (ʔalwaq, “stupid”), by reinterpreting the final Andalusian Arabic -a as the Ibero-Romance -a and back-forming the masculine with -o. Edward Roberts thinks the term is related to Arabic لَاق (lāq, “to soften”), but this verb is of root l-y-q, not l-w-q like أَلْوَق (ʔalwaq). Alternatively, derived from Ancient Greek γλαυκός (glaukós, “clear”). Compare Portuguese louco and Sicilian loccu.


loco

es-noun

loco m (plural locos, feminine loca, feminine plural locas)

locos (plural)
loca (feminine)
locas (feminine plural)

a plant in the genus Astragalus or Oxytropis


loco

(Chile) Chilean edible gastropod mollusk that resembles abalone but is, in fact, a muricid (Concholepas concholepas)


gallo

Inherited from Old Spanish, from Latin gallus (“rooster”).

John Dory (edible marine fish; Zeus faber or Zeus ocellata)

Papaver rhoeas
Papaver rhoeas#Translingual

(boxing) bantamweight (weight class ranging from 112 to 118 pounds)

voice crack (sudden, unintentional change in register, especially during puberty or while singing)

(Mexico) serenade (love song sung directly to one's love interest)


gallo

gallo m (plural gallos, feminine galla, feminine plural gallas)

gallos (plural)
galla (feminine)
gallas (feminine plural)

→ Highland Popoluca: ca̱yu

→ Mecayapan Nahuatl: ca̱yo

→ Oluta Popoluca: ga̱yu


luz

Inherited from Old Spanish luz, from Latin lūcem, from Proto-Italic *louks, from Proto-Indo-European *léwks (“light”). Compare the borrowed doublet lux.

Se fue la luz.

The lights went out. (There is a blackout.)


pata

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *patta (“paw, foot”). Compare English patten.

inh+

tanto peca el que mata a la vaca como el que le agarra la pata

kickstand (a levered bar that can be folded down from the frame of a bicycle or motorcycle to prop it upright when not being ridden)


larva

From Latin larva (“ghost-like, masked”).

Juan es un larva.


rata

From Vulgar Latin rattus (“rat”), of Germanic origin. It is not known how the noun made the jump to a feminine noun.

(colloquial, derogatory) rat, snitch, informant


fórmula química

es-noun

fórmula química f (plural fórmulas químicas)


capital

Borrowed from Latin capitālis. Doublet of caudal.


pin

(electricity) pin (any of the individual connecting elements of a multipole electrical connector)


funeral

es-adj

funeral m or f (masculine and feminine plural funerales)

Borrowed from Late Latin fūnerālis, from Latin funus.


verbal

verbal m or f (masculine and feminine plural verbales)


canal

→ Tagalog: kanal

Inherited from Old Spanish canal, from Latin canālis (“channel; canal”).


spin

(physics) spin (quantum angular momentum of subatomic particles)


simple

simple m or f (masculine and feminine plural simples)

> Chavacano: simple (inherited)


simple

más simple que el mecanismo de un botijo


balance

Borrowed from French balance, from Late Latin *bilancia.


living

Unadapted borrowing from English living (room).


base

From Latin basis, from Ancient Greek βάσις (básis).

Base on the Spanish Wikipedia.Wikipedia ᵉˢ

(Marxism) base (forces and relations of production that produce the necessities and amenities of life)


impersonal

es-adj

impersonal m or f (masculine and feminine plural impersonales)

impersonales (feminine masculine plural)

(grammar) impersonal (not having a subject)


sal

→ Navajo: sáál

Papiamentu: salu

→ Ye'kwana: saayu

Inherited from Old Spanish sal, from Latin salem (compare Catalan sal f, French sel m, Italian sale m, Portuguese sal m, Romanian sare f; also English salt). It is not known how the noun became feminine.


torque

Borrowed from Latin torqueō (“to twist”).

bor+

(physics, mechanics) torque (a rotational or twisting force)


metal

Inherited from Old Spanish metal, from Old French métal or Old Occitan metall, these from Latin metallum, from Ancient Greek μέταλλον (métallon, “mine, quarry, metal”).


t

(historical) Abbreviation of tomín: tomin, former Spanish unit of currency


hospital

→ Bikol Central: ospital

→ Cebuano: ospital

→ Karao: ospital

→ Tagalog: ospital

Borrowed from Late Latin hospitāle (“hospice, shelter, guesthouse”), from Latin hospitālis (“hospitable”). Doublet of hostal.


sake

Borrowed from Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).


magnesia

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μαγνησία (λίθος) (Magnēsía (líthos), “(stone of) Magnesia”), name of several minerals from the region in Asia Minor.

Μαγνησία (λίθος)


cuerpo

Inherited from Old Spanish cuerpo, from Latin corpus, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱrep-. Doublet of the borrowing corpus.

corps, body, organization (group of people with a common purpose)

(geometry) body (three-dimensional object)


corazón

→ Chavacano: corazon

→ Cebuano: korason

→ Guaraní: korasõ

→ Hiligaynon: korason

Inherited from Old Spanish coraçon, from Vulgar Latin *corāceōnem, derived from Latin cor.


CFC

(organic chemistry) Initialism of clorofluorocarbono.


ECG

(cardiology) ECG (“electrocardiogram”); Initialism of electrocardiograma.


miel

Inherited from Old Spanish miel, myel, from Vulgar Latin *melem m or f, from Latin mel n.


linear

es-adj

linear m or f (masculine and feminine plural lineares)


talo

From Latin thallus, from Ancient Greek θαλλός (thallós).


café

→ Cebuano: kape

→ Central Tarahumara: kajé

→ Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: cafe

→ Hiligaynon: kape

→ Mecayapan Nahuatl: capej

→ Navajo: ahwééh

→ Tagalog: kape
→ Hokkien: 咖啡 (ka-pé)

→ Waray-Waray: kape

Borrowed from French café, from Italian caffè, from Ottoman Turkish قهوه (kahve) (Turkish kahve), from Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa, “coffee”).


delta

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δέλτα (délta).


escudo

Inherited from Old Spanish escudo, from Latin scūtum, from Proto-Indo-European *skei- (“to cut, split”), an extension of *sek- (“to cut”). Cognate with English écu, scudo and escudo.

inh

(numismatics) any of several, mostly historical, currencies including the escudo, écu, and the scudo


semiconductor

es-noun

semiconductor m (plural semiconductores)


milkshake

Unadapted borrowing from English milkshake.

ubor

La manera de estabilizar una espuma por largos períodos es rigidizando las paredes de manera de obtener una matriz muy espesa como en los milkshakes, semisólida como en las sustancias (marshmallows), o definitivamente sólida como en los ...

2011, José Miguel Aguilera, Ingeniería Gastronómica, Ediciones UC, →ISBN, page 120:

Fue sirviendo las mesas hasta llegar a la nuestra, con los milkshakes y... un licuado de plátano. Que nadie pidió.

2015, Thalita Rebouças, ¡¿En serio, amiga?!, VR Editoras, →ISBN:

Cuando piden cinco hamburguesas con tres bolsitas de papas fritas, una cajita con un tremendo pedazo de pie de manzana, y dos milkshakes, en el Burger King, no tendrían para qué sentirse culpables al pedir los 3 litros de Coca Cola ...

2017, Emma Sepúlveda, Gringosincrasias: Cómo sobrevivir en Estados Unidos y entender su idiosincrasia, Editorial Catalonia, →ISBN:


toro

Borrowed from Latin torus (“swelling, bulge, cushion”). Doublet of the inherited tuero.


vodka

Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka, literally “little water”), a diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”).


rectangular

es-adj

rectangular m or f (masculine and feminine plural rectangulares)

rectangulares (feminine masculine plural)


mies

Inherited from Old Spanish mies, from Latin messem (“harvest”).

En torno al pueblo (pues estamos cerca y podemos verlo), lozanas mieses y praderas muy lindas anuncian cierto esmero agrícola.

Around the town (because we are close and we can see it), lush crops and very beautiful meadows tell about a certain agricultural thoroughness.

atravesó una mies, donde los frescos plantones de maíz sostenían en sus primeros pasos a las tiernas alubias, viendo correr por entre sus pies a las holgazanas y rastreras calabazas.


palomita

From paloma (“dove”) + -ita (diminutive suffix).

cuello palomita

wing collar, a type of shirt collar often used with tuxedo


cola

Inherited from Vulgar Latin coda, from Latin cauda, or from its diminutive caudula. Cognate to French queue and Italian coda.

(Chile, LGBT, sometimes pejorative) gayboy, homo


ampere

Borrowed from French ampère, from French physicist André-Marie Ampère.


joule

Unadapted borrowing from English joule, from English physicist James Prescott Joule.


candela

→ Cebuano: kandila

→ Limos Kalinga: kandela

→ Masbatenyo: kandila

→ Papiamentu: kandela

→ Tagalog: kandila

Inherited from Latin candēla. Doublet of candil.


estado

→ English: stade, estado

Inherited from Latin stātus (“state, status, standing”). As a unit of length, from the distance approximating the height of a grown man. Doublet of estatus. Cognate with English state.

inh+

(historical) estado, Spanish fathom (a traditional unit of length equivalent to about 167 cm)


altar

Chavacano: altar

Inherited from Old Spanish altar (attested as far back as the Cantar de Mio Cid), from Latin altāre. See also otero.

stone that separates the firebox from the hearth in reverberatory furnaces


alopecia

Borrowed from Latin alopecia, from Ancient Greek ἀλωπεκία (alōpekía).


agua

Chavacano: agua

Media Lengua: awa

Palenquero: agua

Papiamentu: awa

→ Hiligaynon: agwa

→ Tagalog: agwa

Inherited from Old Spanish agua, from Latin aqua (compare Catalan aigua, French eau, Galician auga, Italian acqua, Occitan aiga, Portuguese água, Romanian apă, Sardinian abba), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ekʷeh₂. See English ea.

Quiere un vaso de agua fresca.

Voy a comprar algo de agua.

Deme agua Pepsi.


cheque

Borrowed from English cheque. Doublet of jaque.


hernia

Borrowed from Latin hernia (“protruded viscus”).


té

→ Asturian: té

→ Basque: te

→ Catalan: te

→ Galician: té

→ Navajo: dééh

→ Occitan: tè

From Hokkien 茶 (tê). Doublet of cha. Compare Dutch thee.


ADN

Initialism of ácido desoxirribonucleico (“deoxyribonucleic acid”).

initialism

ácido desoxirribonucleico
ácido desoxirribonucleico#Spanish

deoxyribonucleic acid
deoxyribonucleic acid#English

(biochemistry) Initialism of ácido desoxirribonucleico. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)


bracket

(in the plural, orthodontics) braces (a device worn on the teeth to straighten them)


curio

Borrowed from English curium, after Pierre and Marie Curie + -io.


atlas

(cartography) atlas (a bound collection of maps often including tables, illustrations or other text)

(anatomy) atlas (the uppermost vertebra of the neck)


nebulosa

From Latin nebula ("fog"), influenced by nebuloso.


etimología

Borrowed from Latin etymologia, from Ancient Greek ἐτυμολογία (etumología), from ἔτυμον (étumon, “true sense”) + -λογία (-logía).


bar

Borrowed from English bar. Doublet of barra.

bar, coffee shop, café, pub (an establishment where refreshments and alcohol drinks are served)


torso

Borrowed from Italian torso, from Latin thyrsus, from Ancient Greek θύρσος (thúrsos, “Bacchic staff”). Doublet of tirso and possibly trozo.


don

es-noun

don m (plural dones, feminine doña, feminine plural doñas)

dones (plural)
doña (feminine)
doñas (feminine plural)

→ Catalan: don

→ Czech: don

→ Tagalog: Don

Inherited from Late Latin dom (“a courtesy title for monks and abbots”), from domnus (“master, sir”), from Classical Latin dominus, from domus (“a house”), from Proto-Indo-European *dṓm (“a house”), from root Proto-Indo-European *dem- (“to build”).

inh+

[Y] dime: don Luis Mejías ¿ha venido hoy?

1844, José Zorrilla, Don Juan Tenorio, lines 57–58:

[A]nd tell me: mister Luis Mejía, did he come today?

a title of respect to a man, prefixed to first names


libra

From Latin libra (“Roman pound, scale”). Doublet of lira. In reference to the English unit, a calque of English pound. Cognate with Galician and Portuguese libra and Catalan lliura.

British pound (the currency of the United Kingdom and its dependencies, originally notionally equivalent to a pound of stirling silver)


anaconda

(by extension, slang, vulgar) a large penis


chupacabras

→ English: chupacabra, chupacabras

Verb-object compound, composed of chupa (“to suck”) + cabras (“goats”), literally “goatsucker”.


cabra

es-noun

cabra f (plural cabras, masculine cabro, masculine plural cabros)

cabras (plural)
cabro (masculine)
cabros (masculine plural)

Inherited from Old Spanish cabra, from Latin capra, from caper, from Proto-Indo-European *kápros.


número arábigo

número arábigo m (plural números arábigos)


dormir

es-verb

dormir (first-person singular present duermo, first-person singular preterite dormí, past participle dormido)

duermo (first-person present singular)
dormí (first-person preterite singular)
dormido (participle past)
dormir (infinitive)
durmiendo (gerund)
dormido (masculine participle past singular)
dormida (feminine participle past singular)
dormidos (masculine participle past plural)
dormidas (feminine participle past plural)
duermo (first-person indicative present singular)
duermes (indicative informal present second-person singular)
dormís (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
duerme (indicative present singular third-person)
dormimos (first-person indicative plural present)
dormís (indicative plural present second-person)
duermen (indicative plural present third-person)
dormía (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
dormías (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
dormía (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
dormíamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
dormíais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
dormían (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
dormí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
dormiste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
durmió (indicative preterite singular third-person)
dormimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
dormisteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
durmieron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
dormiré (first-person future indicative singular)
dormirás (future indicative second-person singular)
dormirá (future indicative singular third-person)
dormiremos (first-person future indicative plural)
dormiréis (future indicative plural second-person)
dormirán (future indicative plural third-person)
dormiría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
dormirías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
dormiría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
dormiríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
dormiríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
dormirían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
duerma (first-person present singular subjunctive)
duermas (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
durmás (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
duerma (present singular subjunctive third-person)
durmamos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
durmáis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
duerman (plural present subjunctive third-person)
durmiera (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
durmieras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
durmiera (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
durmiéramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
durmierais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
durmieran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
durmiese (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
durmieses (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
durmiese (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
durmiésemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
durmieseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
durmiesen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
durmiere (first-person future singular subjunctive)
durmieres (future second-person singular subjunctive)
durmiere (future singular subjunctive third-person)
durmiéremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
durmiereis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
durmieren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
duerme (imperative informal second-person singular)
dormí (imperative informal second-person singular vos-form)
duerma (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
duerma (imperative singular third-person)
durmamos (first-person imperative plural)
dormid (imperative plural second-person)
duerman (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
duerman (imperative plural third-person)
duermas (imperative negative second-person singular)
duerma (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
duerma (imperative negative singular third-person)
durmamos (first-person imperative negative plural)
durmáis (imperative negative plural second-person)
duerman (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
duerman (imperative negative plural third-person)
dormirme (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
dormirte (combined-form dative infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
dormirle (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
dormirse (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
dormirnos (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
dormiros (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
dormirles (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
dormirse (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
dormirme (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
dormirte (accusative combined-form infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
dormirlo (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
dormirla (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
dormirse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
dormirnos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
dormiros (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
dormirlos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
dormirlas (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
dormirse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
durmiéndome (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-singular)
durmiéndote (combined-form dative gerund object-second-person object-singular)
durmiéndole (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
durmiéndose (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
durmiéndonos (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-plural)
durmiéndoos (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-second-person)
durmiéndoles (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
durmiéndose (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
durmiéndome (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-singular)
durmiéndote (accusative combined-form gerund object-second-person object-singular)
durmiéndolo (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
durmiéndola (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
durmiéndose (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
durmiéndonos (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-plural)
durmiéndoos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-second-person)
durmiéndolos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
durmiéndolas (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
durmiéndose (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
duérmeme (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
duérmete (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
duérmele (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
duérmenos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
duérmeles (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
duérmeme (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
duérmete (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
duérmelo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
duérmela (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
duérmenos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
duérmelos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
duérmelas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
dormime (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
dormite (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
dormile (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
dorminos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
dormiles (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
dormime (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
dormite (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
dormilo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
dormila (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
dorminos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
dormilos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
dormilas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
duérmame (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
duérmale (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
duérmase (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
duérmanos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
duérmales (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
duérmame (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
duérmalo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
duérmala (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
duérmase (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
duérmanos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
duérmalos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
duérmalas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
durmámoste (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
durmámosle (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
durmámonos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
durmámoos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
durmámosles (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
durmámoste (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
durmámoslo (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
durmámosla (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
durmámonos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
durmámoos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
durmámoslos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
durmámoslas (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
dormidme (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
dormidle (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
dormidnos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
dormíos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
dormidles (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
dormidme (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
dormidlo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
dormidla (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
dormidnos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
dormíos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
dormidlos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
dormidlas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
duérmanme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
duérmanle (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
duérmannos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
duérmanles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
duérmanse (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
duérmanme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
duérmanlo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
duérmanla (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
duérmannos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
duérmanlos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
duérmanlas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
duérmanse (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
dormirse (infinitive)
durmiéndose (gerund)
dormido (masculine participle past singular)
dormida (feminine participle past singular)
dormidos (masculine participle past plural)
dormidas (feminine participle past plural)
dormirme (first-person infinitive singular)
dormirte (infinitive second-person singular)
dormirse (infinitive singular third-person)
dormirnos (first-person infinitive plural)
dormiros (infinitive plural second-person)
dormirse (infinitive plural third-person)
durmiéndome (first-person gerund singular)
durmiéndote (gerund second-person singular)
durmiéndose (gerund singular third-person)
durmiéndonos (first-person gerund plural)
durmiéndoos (gerund plural second-person)
durmiéndose (gerund plural third-person)
me duermo (first-person indicative present singular)
te duermes (indicative informal present second-person singular)
te dormís (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
se duerme (indicative present singular third-person)
nos dormimos (first-person indicative plural present)
os dormís (indicative plural present second-person)
se duermen (indicative plural present third-person)
me dormía (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
te dormías (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
se dormía (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
nos dormíamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
os dormíais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
se dormían (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
me dormí (first-person indicative preterite singular)
te dormiste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
se durmió (indicative preterite singular third-person)
nos dormimos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
os dormisteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
se durmieron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
me dormiré (first-person future indicative singular)
te dormirás (future indicative second-person singular)
se dormirá (future indicative singular third-person)
nos dormiremos (first-person future indicative plural)
os dormiréis (future indicative plural second-person)
se dormirán (future indicative plural third-person)
me dormiría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
te dormirías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
se dormiría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
nos dormiríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
os dormiríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
se dormirían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
me duerma (first-person present singular subjunctive)
te duermas (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
te durmás (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
se duerma (present singular subjunctive third-person)
nos durmamos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
os durmáis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
se duerman (plural present subjunctive third-person)
me durmiera (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
te durmieras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
se durmiera (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nos durmiéramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
os durmierais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
se durmieran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
me durmiese (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
te durmieses (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
se durmiese (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
nos durmiésemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
os durmieseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
se durmiesen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
me durmiere (first-person future singular subjunctive)
te durmieres (future second-person singular subjunctive)
se durmiere (future singular subjunctive third-person)
nos durmiéremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
os durmiereis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
se durmieren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
duérmete (imperative informal second-person singular)
dormite (imperative informal second-person singular vos-form)
duérmase (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
duérmase (imperative singular third-person)
durmámonos (first-person imperative plural)
dormíos (imperative plural second-person)
duérmanse (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
duérmanse (imperative plural third-person)
te duermas (imperative negative second-person singular)
se duerma (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
se duerma (imperative negative singular third-person)
nos durmamos (first-person imperative negative plural)
os durmáis (imperative negative plural second-person)
se duerman (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
se duerman (imperative negative plural third-person)

Inherited from Old Spanish dormir, from Latin dormīre, dormiō, from Proto-Italic *dormiō (“sleep”), from Proto-Indo-European *drem- (“run, sleep”).

der

camarón que se duerme se lo lleva la corriente

Solo un médico puede dormir a un paciente.

Only a doctor can anesthetize a patient.

Ayer por la tarde durmieron a mi gato.

Yesterday evening my cat was put to sleep.

(euphemistic, medicine) to euthanize, to put down (mainly for pets but also people)


mano

→ Cebuano: mano, ⇒ lamano

Chavacano: mano

→ English: mano

→ Papiamentu: man

→ Tagalog: mano

Inherited from Old Spanish mano, from Latin manus, from Proto-Italic *manus, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂-r̥ ~ *mh₂-én-, derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂- (“to beckon”), or perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *mon-u- (see the Proto-Italic entry). Cognate with Galician man and Portuguese mão. Compare French main.

manos besa el hombre, que querría ver cortadas

muchas manos en un plato causan arrebato


nalga

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *natica, an adjectival term based on Latin natis (“rump, buttock”) (compare Catalan natja, Galician nádega, Italian natica, Portuguese nádega, Old French nache).
The /l/ resulted from an original */ˈnad(e)ɡa/. For similar examples, see Spanish alma (“soul”) from Latin anima, and Asturian dolce (“twelve”), from earlier */ˈdod(e)dze/, from Latin duodecim. Compare Spanish juzgar, from Latin iūdicāre, and the Spanish suffix -azgo from Latin -āticum.


calcio

Borrowed from English calcium, coined in 1808 by Humphry Davy, from Latin calcem (“lime”).


nuca

Borrowed from Medieval Latin nucha, from Arabic نُخَاع (nuḵāʕ).


portal

es-adj

portal m or f (masculine and feminine plural portales)


diagonal

diagonal m or f (masculine and feminine plural diagonales)

From Latin diagōnālis, from Ancient Greek διαγώνιος (diagṓnios, “from angle to angle”).


alma

→ Zoogocho Zapotec: angl

From Old Spanish alma, inherited from Latin anima. Doublet of ánima, borrowed from the same source.

(engineering) web (strip of material between flanges)


biblioteca

→ Tagalog: bibliyoteka

Borrowed from Latin bibliothēca, from Ancient Greek βιβλιοθήκη (bibliothḗkē, “library”).


pera

→ Jicarilla: béela

Inherited from Old Spanish pera, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.


más

→ Tagalog: mas (more than)

Inherited from Latin magis, whence also English master.

uno más uno es igual a dos


materia

Borrowed from Latin materia. Doublet of the inherited madera.

(physics) matter (the basic structural component of the universe)


pidgin

(linguistics) pidgin (amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers)


lira

Borrowed from Italian lira, from Latin libra. Doublet of libra.


anosmia

Borrowed from New Latin anosmia, from Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-) and ὀσμή (osmḗ, “smell”).


angular

es-adj

angular m or f (masculine and feminine plural angulares)


GPS

Global Positioning System
Global Positioning System

(cartography) GPS, Global Positioning System


suelo de fundación

es-noun

suelo de fundación m (plural suelos de fundación)

(architecture) area where the foundations of a building or a complex are located


abanico aluvial

abanico aluvial m (plural abanicos aluviales)


-ona

-ona f (noun-forming suffix, plural -onas)


trabajo

→ Cebuano: trabaho

→ Tagalog: trabaho

→ Tetelcingo Nahuatl: traböjo

→ Ye'kwana: tadawaaju


vino

→ Classical Nahuatl: vino, uino, vinoh

→ English: vino

→ Hiligaynon: bino

→ Tagalog: bino

Inherited from Latin vīnum (compare Catalan vi, French vin, Italian vino, Portuguese vinho, Romanian vin, and English wine), from Proto-Italic *wīnom, from Proto-Indo-European *wóyh₁nom.


-itis

-itis f (noun-forming suffix, plural -itis)

Borrowed from New Latin -ītis, from Ancient Greek -ῖτις (-îtis, “pertaining to”).

der

(pathology) -itis (denotes diseases characterized by inflammation, itself often caused by an infection)


hotel

Borrowed from French hôtel. Doublet of hospital and hostal.


punto

puntos (plural)
puntillo (diminutive)
puntito (diminutive)

→ Tagalog: punto

Inherited from Latin pūnctum (“point”), from pungō (“to prick, to puncture”). Cognate with Galician punto, Portuguese ponto, and Catalan punt.

hasta cierto punto

to a certain extent/degree, to some extent/degree


tema

Borrowed from Latin thema, from Ancient Greek θέμα (théma). Doublet of taima.


whisky

Unadapted borrowing from English whisky.


alcohol

→ Basque: alkohol

→ Quechua: alkul

From Andalusian Arabic اَلْكُحُول (al-kuḥū́l), from Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”).


palazzo

Unadapted borrowing from Italian palazzo, from Latin palātium (“palace, large residence”), from Palātium (“Palatine”), one of the seven hills of Rome. Doublet of palacio and pazo.

der

palazzo (palatial urban building in Italy)


dedo

Inherited from Old Spanish dedo, from Latin digitus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *deyǵ- (“to show, point out, pronounce solemnly”). Doublet of dígito, which was borrowed rather than inherited. Cognate with Catalan dit, Galician and Portuguese dedo, French doigt, Italian dito, Romanian deget.

(anatomy) digit (a part of the body inclusive of fingers or toes)

(historical) dedo (a traditional Spanish unit of measurement about equal to 1.75 cm)


fresa

Possibly from French fraise (“milling cutter”), or from the verb fresar, from Vulgar Latin *frēsāre, from frēsum, perfect passive participle of Latin frendō (“to grind”).


padre

→ Classical Nahuatl: padre

→ English: padre

→ Mecayapan Nahuatl: pa̱lej

→ Tagalog: pari

Inherited from Latin patrem, pater, from Proto-Italic *patēr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.

nunca digas de este agua no beberé, ni este cura no es mi padre


accidente

→ Tagalog: aksidente

[aɣ̞.θiˈð̞ẽn̪.t̪e]


arco

Inherited from Latin arcus (whence English archery), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erkʷo- (“bow, arrow”). In some senses inherited, in others borrowed directly from Latin. Cognate with English arrow, arc, and arch.


velocidad

Borrowed from Latin vēlōcitātem. By surface analysis, veloz + -idad.


ablativo

es-adj

ablativo (feminine ablativa, masculine plural ablativos, feminine plural ablativas)

ablativa (feminine)
ablativos (masculine plural)
ablativas (feminine plural)


domo

Borrowed from French dôme, from Ancient Greek δῶμα (dôma, “house, housetop”).


agricultura

→ Tagalog: agrikultura


tierra

Inherited from Latin terra, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”).

(geography) land, ground (the part of Earth which is not covered by oceans or other bodies of water)

(geology) earth, soil (the unconsolidated mineral or organic material on the immediate surface of the earth)

(agriculture, also in the plural) land, terrain (reserved for growing crops)

(electricity) ground, earth (a connection electrically to the earth on equipment)

(alchemy) earth (one of the four or five classical elements)


cámara

Inherited from Old Spanish camara, borrowed from Vulgar Latin camara, variant of Latin camera, from Ancient Greek καμάρα (kamára, “something with an arched cover, a vaulted chamber”). Doublet of cambra.


mesa

Chavacano: mesa

→ Catalan: mesa

⇒ Cebuano: lamesa

→ Chamicuro: mesa

→ Guaraní: mesa

→ English: mesa

→ Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: mesa

⇒ Higaonon: lamesa

→ Highland Popoluca: mesa

→ Kituba: mesa

→ O'odham: miːsa

→ Tagalog: mesa, ⇒ lamesa

→ Tausug: lamisahan

→ Ye'kwana: mesa

desc

→ Zacatlán-Ahuacatlán-Tepetzintla Nahuatl: mesa

→ Zoogocho Zapotec: mes

Inherited from Vulgar Latin mēsa, from Latin mēnsa. Cognate with Bengali মেজ (mej), Hindi मेज़ (mez)

mesa directiva


segundo

Inherited from Latin secundus with, per Coromines, a 'semi-learned' treatment of the stressed vowel (*segondo would have been expected otherwise). Doublet of según. Related to seguir (“follow”).


jerez

→ Asturian: xerez

→ Catalan: xerès

→ English: sherris

desctree

⇒ English: sherry
→ Czech: šery, sherry
→ German: Sherry
→ Finnish: sherry
→ French: sherry
→ Italian: sherry
→ Japanese: シェリー (sherī)
→ Polish: sherry
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Latin script: šeri
Cyrillic script: шери
→ Yiddish: שערי (sheri)

→ French: xérès, jerez

→ Portuguese: xerez

→ Russian: херес (xeres)

→ Tagalog: heres

From the toponym Jerez, in Cádiz, Spain, where it was created.


placenta

Borrowed from New Latin placenta, from Latin placenta (“cake”), from Ancient Greek πλακόεντα (plakóenta), accusative of πλακόεις (plakóeis, “flat”).


media

→ Aymara: miryasa

→ Cebuano: medyas

→ Hiligaynon: medyas

→ Maguindanao: midias

→ Tagalog: medyas

→ Tausug: midyas

→ Yucatec Maya: meedias

(historical) Synonym of cuarto, half-fanega (a traditional unit of dry measure equivalent to about 27.8 L)

cuarto

media geométrica

(mathematics) mean, average (the arithmetic middle in a set of values)

(anatomy) midline (the medial line of the human body)


muñeca

→ Bikol Central: munyeka

→ Catalan: monyeca

→ Chamorro: muñeka

→ Galician: boneca

→ Hiligaynon: monyeka

→ Moroccan Arabic: منيكة (munīka)

→ Portuguese: boneca, bonecra (obsolete or regional)
→ Malay: boneka
Indonesian: boneka
→ Tetum: boneka

→ Portuguese: munheca

→ Tagalog: manyika

→ Tausug: munyika'

Inherited from Old Spanish munneca, from Old Spanish monneka (“milestone or landmark”) (a. 1011), from a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia, possibly pre-Indo-European.
Compare Basque muino (“hill”). Its original meaning was first 'milestone or landmark', then 'protuberance', from which both senses of 'wrist' and 'doll' come. Some have suggested it may have originated from monnula (“(female) friend”). Compare Spanish moño (“a bow, ribbon”) and muñón (“stump”); see also Portuguese boneca (“doll”). Attested as early as 1011, first attested as 'doll' in 1400.


jade

Borrowed from French jade, back formation from le jade, rebracketing of earlier l’éjade (“jade”), from Spanish piedra de ijada (literally “flank stone”), via Vulgar Latin *iliata from Latin ilia (“flank”) (jade was thought to cure pains in the side).


por

Inherited from Old Spanish por, from Late Latin pōr, from Latin prō. Doublet of pro, which was borrowed.

de no ser por

if it weren't for, if it hadn't been for

por todos lados

everywhere, all over the place, on all sides, all around

ocho por siete


coro

Inherited from Old Spanish coro, borrowed from Latin chorus, from Ancient Greek χορός (khorós).

El coro de la iglesia necesita reparaciones o sino se desplomará.

The church choir needs repairs or else it'll collapse.

(architecture) choir (area where singers in a church stand)


metro

→ Tagalog: metro

Borrowed from French mètre, from Ancient Greek μέτρον (métron, “measure”).

(measuring instruments) tape measure, measuring tape

(poetry, music) metre (the rhythm or measure in verse and musical composition)


mono

es-noun

mono m (plural monos, feminine mona, feminine plural monas)

monos (plural)
mona (feminine)
monas (feminine plural)

Haplographically from maimón (“monkey”), from Arabic مَيْمُون (maymūn, “baboon, mandrill”). Compare English monkey.

der

estar con el mono


abierto

es-adj

abierto (feminine abierta, masculine plural abiertos, feminine plural abiertas)

abierta (feminine)
abiertos (masculine plural)
abiertas (feminine plural)

Chavacano: abyerto

→ Cebuano: abyerto

→ Hiligaynon: abiérto

Inherited from Old Spanish abierto, from Latin apertus, perfect passive participle of verb aperiō (“to open”). Compare English overt.

(phonetics) open (uttered with a wide opening of articulators)


ayuntamiento

From obsolete ayuntar ("join, gather") + -miento, ultimately from Latin adiūnctus, a contraction of ad- + iūnctus. Note how ayuntamiento preserves the Latin palatal – as does yunta ("yoke [of oxen], team [of horses]"), but not junto ("together"). Both terms equally derive from iūnctus, but only the latter underwent velarisation.


aire

→ Basque: aire

→ Tagalog: eyre

Inherited from Latin āēr, from Ancient Greek ἀήρ (aḗr).

air (the substance constituting earth's atmosphere)

air (a sense of poise, graciousness, or quality)


aire

From zorá (“drunken”), named by a zoologist after the shivering movements by the animal's head.


culo

Me caí, dándome un gran golpe en el culo.

(vulgar in Latin America, slang, anatomy) ass, arse, booty, rear, behind, butt, buttocks

No me quiero meter ningún supositorio por el culo.

I don't want to put any suppository in my ass.


caverna

Borrowed from Latin caverna. Cognate with English cavern.


vagina

Learned borrowing from Latin vāgīna. Doublet of vaina.


hora

Papiamentu: ora

Borrowings

→ Bikol Central: oras

→ Cebuano: oras

→ Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: hora

→ Karao: oras

→ Maranao: oras

→ Navajo: óola

→ Quechua: ura

→ Tagalog: oras

→ Taos: ùroʼóna

→ Tetelcingo Nahuatl: ura

→ Yogad: oras

(Spain, colloquial) appointment (e.g. with the doctor)


silo

→ English: silo

→ French: silo

→ German: Silo

→ Portuguese: silo

Of unclear origin. Perhaps from Latin sirum, the accusative form of sirus (“pit for corn, underground granary”) (compare Latin sīromastes (“pit-searcher”), from Ancient Greek σειρομάστης (seiromástēs)), from Ancient Greek σιρός (sirós, “pit for holding grain”). Alternatively, perhaps from Basque zilo, zulo (“grain cellar”). If so, it is a doublet of zulo.


par

Inherited from Latin pār (“equal, like”), from Proto-Indo-European *per (“exchange”).

inh+

(physics) two equal non-collinear forces; that is a force couple in Newtonian mechanics


bilabial

es-adj

bilabial m or f (masculine and feminine plural bilabiales)

(phonetics) bilabial (articulated with both lips)


bilabial

(phonetics) bilabial (a sound articulated with both lips)


parenteral

parenteral m or f (masculine and feminine plural parenterales)

parenterales (feminine masculine plural)


pulgar

Inherited from Old Spanish pulgar, from Latin pollicāris, from pollex.


cerdo

es-noun

cerdo m (plural cerdos, feminine cerda, feminine plural cerdas)

cerdos (plural)
cerda (feminine)
cerdas (feminine plural)


bahía

→ Cebuano: bahiya

Borrowed from French baie, from Late Latin baia, perhaps of Iberian origin.


ala

From Old Spanish ala (compare Ladino ala), from Latin āla.


férreo

es-adj

férreo (feminine férrea, masculine plural férreos, feminine plural férreas)

férrea (feminine)
férreos (masculine plural)
férreas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Latin ferreus (“made of iron; hard; rigid”).


integral

Borrowed from Medieval Latin integrālis, from Latin integer (“entire”).


patrilineal

es-adj

patrilineal m or f (masculine and feminine plural patrilineales)

patrilineales (feminine masculine plural)


yo

Chavacano: yo

From Old Spanish yo, from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

(psychoanalysis) Freud's concept of the ego


puente

Inherited from Old Spanish puente, from Latin pontem, from Proto-Indo-European *pónteh₁s (“path, road”), from *pent- (“path”). Compare Catalan pont, French pont, Italian ponte, Occitan pònt, Portuguese ponte, Romanian punte, Romansch punt.

puente colgante simple

simple suspension bridge, Inca rope bridge

long weekend; a day which falls between two work-free days (holidays or weekend days), on which leave is preferred

(dentistry) bridge, denture (artificial replacement of one or more teeth)


ojo

Palenquero: oho

Inherited from Old Spanish ojo, from Vulgar Latin oclus, from Latin oculus. Doublet of óculo. Cognate to Portuguese olho, French œil, Italian occhio, Romanian ochi, Russian око (oko).


moneda

Inherited from Old Spanish, from Latin monēta.

coin (piece of currency in the shape of a disc)


madre

→ Tagalog: madre

Inherited from Latin mātrem (“mother, matron”), from Proto-Italic *mātēr, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr. Compare English matron.

inh+

(Mexico, colloquial, vulgar, slang) thing


normal

es-adj

normal m or f (masculine and feminine plural normales)


chimenea

→ English: chimenea

From Old Spanish chimenea, from older cheminea (via vowel metathesis), from Old French cheminee, from Late Latin camīnāta. Compare English chimney.


castillo

→ Basque: gaztelu

→ Papiamentu: kastio

→ Tagalog: kastilyo

Inherited from Old Spanish castiello (“stronghold, fortress, castle”), from Latin castellum, diminutive of castrum (“fort”). Doublet of castell.

inh+

castle (a large building that is fortified and contains many defences)


gema

→ Catalan: gema (dialectal, Castilianism)

Borrowed from Latin gemma (“bud, precious stone, jewel”). Doublet of yema. According to Coromines and Pascual, a recent learned borrowing not registered even in the 18th-century first edition of the DRAE (Diccionario de Autoridades).


cultivar

es-verb

cultivar (first-person singular present cultivo, first-person singular preterite cultivé, past participle cultivado)

cultivo (first-person present singular)
cultivé (first-person preterite singular)
cultivado (participle past)
cultivar (infinitive)
cultivando (gerund)
cultivado (masculine participle past singular)
cultivada (feminine participle past singular)
cultivados (masculine participle past plural)
cultivadas (feminine participle past plural)
cultivo (first-person indicative present singular)
cultivas (indicative informal present second-person singular)
cultivás (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
cultiva (indicative present singular third-person)
cultivamos (first-person indicative plural present)
cultiváis (indicative plural present second-person)
cultivan (indicative plural present third-person)
cultivaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cultivabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
cultivaba (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
cultivábamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
cultivabais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
cultivaban (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
cultivé (first-person indicative preterite singular)
cultivaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
cultivó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
cultivamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
cultivasteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
cultivaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
cultivaré (first-person future indicative singular)
cultivarás (future indicative second-person singular)
cultivará (future indicative singular third-person)
cultivaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
cultivaréis (future indicative plural second-person)
cultivarán (future indicative plural third-person)
cultivaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
cultivarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
cultivaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
cultivaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
cultivaríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
cultivarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
cultive (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cultives (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
cultivés (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
cultive (present singular subjunctive third-person)
cultivemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
cultivéis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cultiven (plural present subjunctive third-person)
cultivara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
cultivaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cultivara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cultiváramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
cultivarais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cultivaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cultivase (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
cultivases (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
cultivase (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
cultivásemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
cultivaseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
cultivasen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
cultivare (first-person future singular subjunctive)
cultivares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
cultivare (future singular subjunctive third-person)
cultiváremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
cultivareis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
cultivaren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
cultiva (imperative informal second-person singular)
cultivá (imperative informal second-person singular vos-form)
cultive (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
cultive (imperative singular third-person)
cultivemos (first-person imperative plural)
cultivad (imperative plural second-person)
cultiven (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
cultiven (imperative plural third-person)
cultives (imperative negative second-person singular)
cultive (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
cultive (imperative negative singular third-person)
cultivemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
cultivéis (imperative negative plural second-person)
cultiven (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
cultiven (imperative negative plural third-person)
cultivarme (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
cultivarte (combined-form dative infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
cultivarle (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
cultivarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
cultivarnos (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
cultivaros (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
cultivarles (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
cultivarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
cultivarme (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
cultivarte (accusative combined-form infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
cultivarlo (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
cultivarla (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
cultivarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
cultivarnos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
cultivaros (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
cultivarlos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
cultivarlas (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
cultivarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
cultivándome (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-singular)
cultivándote (combined-form dative gerund object-second-person object-singular)
cultivándole (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
cultivándose (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
cultivándonos (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-plural)
cultivándoos (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-second-person)
cultivándoles (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
cultivándose (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
cultivándome (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-singular)
cultivándote (accusative combined-form gerund object-second-person object-singular)
cultivándolo (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
cultivándola (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
cultivándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
cultivándonos (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-plural)
cultivándoos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-second-person)
cultivándolos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
cultivándolas (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
cultivándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
cultívame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
cultívate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
cultívale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
cultívanos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
cultívales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
cultívame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
cultívate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
cultívalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
cultívala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
cultívanos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
cultívalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
cultívalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
cultivame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
cultivate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
cultivale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
cultivanos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
cultivales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
cultivame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
cultivate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
cultivalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
cultivala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
cultivanos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
cultivalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
cultivalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
cultíveme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
cultívele (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
cultívese (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
cultívenos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
cultíveles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
cultíveme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
cultívelo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
cultívela (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
cultívese (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
cultívenos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
cultívelos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
cultívelas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
cultivémoste (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
cultivémosle (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
cultivémonos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
cultivémoos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
cultivémosles (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
cultivémoste (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
cultivémoslo (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
cultivémosla (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
cultivémonos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
cultivémoos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
cultivémoslos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
cultivémoslas (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
cultivadme (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
cultivadle (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
cultivadnos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
cultivaos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
cultivadles (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
cultivadme (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
cultivadlo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
cultivadla (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
cultivadnos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
cultivaos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
cultivadlos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
cultivadlas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
cultívenme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
cultívenle (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
cultívennos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
cultívenles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
cultívense (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
cultívenme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
cultívenlo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
cultívenla (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
cultívennos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
cultívenlos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
cultívenlas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
cultívense (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin cultīvāre (“to till, cultivate”), from cultīvus (“tilled”), from Latin cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (“to till, cultivate”).

bor+

(agriculture) to cultivate; to grow (plants, etc.)


rojo

es-noun

rojo m (plural rojos, feminine roja, feminine plural rojas)

rojos (plural)
roja (feminine)
rojas (feminine plural)

From Old Spanish roxo, inherited from Latin russus or russeus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-. Compare Portuguese roxo.

(Spain, Peru, derogatory) Red; a left-winger, especially communist


grave

es-adj

grave m or f (masculine and feminine plural graves, superlative gravísimo)

graves (feminine masculine plural)
gravísimo (superlative)

→ Tagalog: grabe

Inherited from Old Spanish grave, from Latin gravis. Cf. also the attested Old Spanish form grieve, from Early Medieval Latin grevis, which was more common in other Romance-speaking areas.

(phonetics) paroxytone; stressed in the penultimate syllable


placer

Related to placel (“sandbank”), from plaza (“place”).

(geology, mining) placer (place where the superficial detritus is washed for gold)


gordo

es-noun

gordo m (plural gordos, feminine gorda, feminine plural gordas)

gordos (plural)
gorda (feminine)
gordas (feminine plural)

(informal, euphemistic) feces, the act of defecation, number two


temporal

es-adj

temporal m or f (masculine and feminine plural temporales)

(anatomy) temporal (of the temples of the head)


anteojos

→ Zoogocho Zapotec: antioj

(Latin America) glasses, (formal) spectacles, (US) eyeglass


rascacielos

Verb-object compound, composed of rasca (“to scratch”) + cielos (“skies”). Calque of English skyscraper.


serpiente

Inherited from Latin serpentem, derived from serpere (“slither, creep”), from Proto-Indo-European *serp-. Doublet of sierpe. Cognate with English serpent.

snake, serpent (legless reptile of the sub-order Serpentes)

(specifically) a large or medium-sized snake


pela

Coordinate term: duro

Y te corto porque no tengo más pelas y estoy en una cabina. Cuelgo.

1994, José Ángel Mañas, chapter V, in Historias del Kronen, Barcelona: Ediciones Destino, →ISBN, page 75:

(Spain, colloquial, historical) one peseta (former currency of Spain)


adware

Unadapted borrowing from English adware. According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

es-unadapted

Los desarrolladores usan el adware como recurso para lograr ingresos económicos de sus programas, que usualmente son gratuitos.

2005, Carlos Valdivia Miranda, Sistemas informáticos y redes locales, Ediciones Paraninfo, S.A., →ISBN, page 32:

Developers use adware as a resource to get economic income from their programs, which are usually free.


cannabis

Borrowed from Latin cannabis, from Ancient Greek κάνναβις (kánnabis). See also cáñamo.


marketing

Unadapted borrowing from English marketing.


guano

→ English: guano

→ Finnish: guano

→ French: guano
→ Romanian: guano

→ Galician: guano

→ Irish: guanó

→ Japanese: グアノ (guano)

→ Polish: guano

→ Portuguese: guano

→ Russian: гуано (guano)

→ Tagalog: guwano


garganta

q

French: Gargantua (a character from François Rabelais's 16th-century pentalogy The Life of Gargantua and of Pantagruel.)

English: gargantuan

French: gargantuesque

→ Haitian Creole: gagann

[ɡaɾˈɣ̞ãn̪.t̪a]

From a substrate language *gʷr̥h₃gn̥t- (“throat”), cognate with Proto-Celtic *brāgants (“neck, throat”) and English craw (from Proto-Germanic *k(w)ragan(þ)-), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“to swallow”). Alternatively, onomatopoeic. Compare English gargle.


gola

Inherited from Old Spanish gola, from Latin gula, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷel- (“throat”). Doublet of the borrowing gula.


anhedonia

(medicine, psychiatry) anhedonia (inability to feel pleasure)


lateral

es-adj

lateral m or f (masculine and feminine plural laterales)


lateral

es-noun

lateral m or f by sense (plural laterales)


polo

Borrowed from Latin polus, from Ancient Greek πόλος (pólos).


hombre

Chavacano: hombre

→ English: hombre

→ French: hombre
→ English: ombre

→ Papiamentu: hòmber

Inherited from Old Spanish omne, from Latin hominem, homō, from Old Latin hemō, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰmṓ (“earthling”). The Old Spanish form omne was first dissimilated to omre and then a gliding sound -b- arose before the -r-. Compare the same development in hambre and nombre.

Sé (un) hombre!

man, (all humans collectively); mankind, humankind

(anthropology, archaeology, paleontology) man, (individual of the species Homo sapiens, the genus Homo, or the subtribe Hominina)


balboa

Named after Vasco Núñez de Balboa. See also Balboa.


amino

es-adj

amino (feminine amina, masculine plural aminos, feminine plural aminas)

amina (feminine)
aminos (masculine plural)
aminas (feminine plural)


distal

distal m or f (masculine and feminine plural distales)


aorta

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀορτή (aortḗ, “the arteries springing from the heart”), from ἀορτέω (aortéō), lengthened form of ἀείρω (aeírō, “to lift, raise”).


eros

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἔρως (érōs, “love, desire”).


adobe

→ Aragonese: adoba

→ Asturian: adobe

→ Basque: adobe

→ Dutch: adobe

→ English: adobe

→ Esperanto: adobo

→ French: adobe

→ Galician: adobe

→ Irish: adóib

→ Italian: adobe

→ Norwegian: adobe

→ Serbo-Croatian: adobe / адобе

→ Tagalog: adobe

From Arabic اَلطُّوب (aṭ-ṭūb), from Sahidic Coptic ⲧⲱⲃⲉ (tōbe, “brick”), from Demotic  (tb, “brick”), from Egyptian Db-b-t:O39 (ḏbt, “brick, block, ingot”).

der

Arabic اَلطُّوب (aṭ-ṭūb)


faro

From Latin pharus, from Ancient Greek φάρος (pháros).


Europa

→⇒ Ye'kwana: Eudojanña

América

Norteamérica/América del Norte, Sudamérica/Suramérica/América del Sur

(astronomy) Europa (large moon of Jupiter)


neural

es-adj

neural m or f (masculine and feminine plural neurales)


coca

Coke (Coca-Cola, a trademarked soft drink)


mucosa

(anatomy) mucous membrane (any membrane which secretes mucus)


canto

→ Cebuano: kanto

→ Tagalog: kanto

Inherited from Latin canthus (“metal rim of a wheel”), from Ancient Greek κανθός (kanthós), or from a Vulgar Latin cantus, of ultimately the same origin, or less likely Celtic origin, from Gaulish *cantos, from Proto-Celtic *kantos (“corner”), from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ndʰ-.


uremia

Borrowed from French urémie, from Ancient Greek οὖρον (oûron, “urine”) and αἷμα (haîma, “blood”).


rumen

El amoniaco procede de las heces y la orina de los animales; el CO₂ de su respiración y el metano lo expulsan los rumiantes por la boca, no por las ventosidades, como se dice frecuentemente, debido a la fermentación de los alimentos en su rumen, que es una de las partes del aparato digestivo de los rumiantes.

2022 November 10, María Teresa Paramio, “¿Es nueva la producción de alimentos en macrogranjas?”, in El País:


mica

Borrowed from Latin mīca. Compare the inherited doublet miga.


mir

Initialism of médico interno residente m, médica interna residente f.

initialism

(Spain) resident (physician in training)


labial

es-adj

labial m or f (masculine and feminine plural labiales)

(phonetics) labial (articulated by the lips)


labial

(phonetics) labial (a consonant articulated by the lips)


iris

Borrowed from Latin iris, Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris).


nave

Inherited from Old Spanish naf, naue, from Latin nāvem, nāvis, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂us. Cognate with English nave, navigate, and navy.


soma

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).


corona

→ Karao: korona

Inherited from Old Spanish corona, from Latin corōna (“crown”), from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē, “garland, wreath”).

der

(mechanics) larger part of a pair of gear wheels


fascia

Borrowed from Latin fascia. Doublet of faja and haz.

(anatomy) fascia (a layer of loose tissue)


pica

es-noun

pica f (countable and uncountable, plural picas)

(pathology, usually uncountable) pica (a disorder characterized by appetite and craving for non-edible substances)


meiosis

Borrowed from Ancient Greek μείωσις (meíōsis).


sen

trigonometric function
trigonometric function#English

(mathematics) a symbol of the trigonometric function sine


prenatal

es-adj

prenatal m or f (masculine and feminine plural prenatales)


valor

→ Cebuano: balor

Inherited from Old Spanish valor, from Late Latin valōrem, from Latin valeō.


bruja

es-noun

bruja f (plural brujas, masculine brujo, masculine plural brujos)

brujas (plural)
brujo (masculine)
brujos (masculine plural)

→ Cebuano: bruha

→ Tagalog: bruha

Uncertain. Possibly from Iberian/Celtiberian *bruxtia (compare Catalan bruixa, Portuguese bruxa, Occitan bruèissa), from Proto-Celtic *brixtā (“spell, magic”) (compare Old Irish bricht (“charm”), Old Breton brith (“magic”)). It could instead be akin to a different Celtic word such as Old Irish Brigit (literally “high, exalted”).


anomia

(sociology) anomie (alienation or social instability)


viral

es-adj

viral m or f (masculine and feminine plural virales)


GC

(medicine) Initialism of gasto cardíaco.


garbanzo

→ Basque: garbantzu

→ English: garbanzo, calavance

[ɡaɾˈβ̞ãn̟.θo]

From Old Spanish garbanço. Presumably influenced by garroba (“carob fruit”) and galbana (“small pea; a variety of pea”).


agnosia

From Ancient Greek ἀγνωσία (agnōsía, “ignorance”).

der

(medicine, neurology, pathology) agnosia


nido

Inherited from Latin nīdus, from Proto-Italic *nizdos (“nest”), from Proto-Indo-European *nisdós (“nest”).


IRA

(medicine) Initialism of insuficiencia renal aguda., acute renal failure (ARF)


mujer

Inherited from Old Spanish mugier, from Latin mulierem. Compare Portuguese mulher.


cuadrado

→ Tagalog: kuwadrado


adjetivo

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin adjectīvus.

slbor

(grammar) adjective (a word that modifies a noun)


SN

sintagma nominal
sintagma nominal#Spanish

(grammar, syntax) Abbreviation of sintagma nominal.


sacro

es-adj

sacro (feminine sacra, masculine plural sacros, feminine plural sacras, superlative sacratísimo)

sacra (feminine)
sacros (masculine plural)
sacras (feminine plural)
sacratísimo (superlative)


matrilineal

matrilineal m or f (masculine and feminine plural matrilineales)

matrilineales (feminine masculine plural)


areolar

areolar m or f (masculine and feminine plural areolares)


firma

→ Bikol Central: pirma

→ Classical Nahuatl: fīrma

→ Tagalog: pirma

→ Yogad: firma

→ Zoogocho Zapotec: firm


pedestal

(architecture) pedestal (the base or foot of a column, statue, vase, lamp, or the like)


gamba

Borrowed from Italian gamba or Vulgar Latin *gambarus, from Latin gammarus, cammarus (“lobster”), from Ancient Greek κάμμαρος (kámmaros).


a priori

Borrowed from Medieval Latin ā priōrī (“involving reasoning from cause to effect; from first principles”, literally “from the former”).


quetzal

→ Catalan: quetzal

→ English: quetzal

→ French: quetzal

→ German: Quetzal

Borrowed from Classical Nahuatl quetzalli (“quetzal feather”). The term for the quetzal bird proper was quetzaltōtōtl.


castellano

es-adj

castellano (feminine castellana, masculine plural castellanos, feminine plural castellanas)

castellana (feminine)
castellanos (masculine plural)
castellanas (feminine plural)

From Latin Castellānus (“Castilian”), from Castella (“Castile”) + -ānus (“-an: forming adjectives”), q.v.

(inexact, sometimes offensive) Spanish (of or related to Spain, particularly the Castilian or European forms of the Spanish language)


castellano

Castilian Spanish (the dialect of the kingdom or region of Castile)

(inexact) European Spanish, Spanish Spanish (the dialects of Spain generally, particularly as opposed to those in Latin America)

(inexact, sometimes offensive) Spanish (the Spanish language generally)


castellano

castellano (a former Spanish coin, notionally equivalent to a castellano of gold)


locus

Learned borrowing from Latin locus. Doublet of luego.


cojón

→ English: cojones (from the plural)

Inherited from Late Latin cōleōnem, derived from Latin cōleus (“sack, scrotum”). Compare Portuguese colhão, Catalan colló.

¿Qué hice ayer por la noche, y ¿por qué me duelen tanto los cojones?

What did I do last night and why do my balls hurt so much?

(usually in the plural, vulgar slang) testicle, ball

¿qué tienen que ver los cojones con comer trigo?


cana

Borrowed from Lunfardo [Term?], a slang term for police.

Que nos callásemos, que va a mandar a la policía.
-¡La policía no ! -dice Azucena- ¡ Rajemos chicas , que viene la cana ... !

1972, Osvaldo Guglielmino, Las leguas amargas:

(Argentina, Uruguay) police force, police department


muro

Inherited from Old Spanish muro, from Latin mūrus, from Old Latin *moerus, *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to strengthen”). Cognate with German Mauer (“wall”) and obsolete English mure. Compare English mural.

der

El muro del silencio.


ratio

Learned borrowing from Latin ratiō. Doublet of ración and razón.


brujo

es-noun

brujo m (plural brujos, feminine bruja, feminine plural brujas)

brujos (plural)
bruja (feminine)
brujas (feminine plural)


zodiaco

Borrowed from Latin zōdiacus, from Ancient Greek ζῳδιακός (κύκλος) (zōidiakós (kúklos), literally “circle of small animals”), from ζῴδιον (zṓidion), a diminutive of ζῷον (zôion, “animal”).

der

ζῳδιακός (κύκλος)


psoriasis

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ψωρίασις (psōríasis), from ψώρα (psṓra, “itch”) + -σις (-sis, “action, process”).


albedo

(physics, meteorology, astronomy) albedo (the fraction of incident light or radiation reflected by a surface or body)


sala

→ Cebuano: sala

→ Tagalog: sala

From a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *saliz, see also German Saal, Middle Low German seli, Old High German sal, from Proto-Indo-European *sel- (“human settlement, village, dwelling”). Cognate with French salle (“room”). Compare English salon. Compare Dutch zaal.

der

sala de estar


caballo

es-noun

caballo m (plural caballos, feminine yegua, feminine plural yeguas)

caballos (plural)
yegua (feminine)
yeguas (feminine plural)

Chavacano: caballo

Papiamentu: cabai

→ Alcozauca Mixtec: kuái̱

→ Aymara: kawallu

→ Bikol Central: kabayo

→ Cahuilla: kaváayu

→ Cebuano: kabayo

→ Central Huasteca Nahuatl: kauayoj

→ Central Nahuatl: cahuayoh

→ Chamicuro: kawali

→ Chaná: kuayó, cauáio (uncertain)

→ Chol: cawayuʼ

desc

→ Classical Nahuatl: cahuāllo, caballo, cahualloh, cahuayo, cauallo, cavallo

→ Guaraní: kavaju

→ Ilocano: kabalio

→ Ivatan: kabayu

→ Kapampangan: kabayu

→ Lake Miwok: kawáj

→ Mecayapan Nahuatl: cahua̱yoj

→ Mapudungun: kawell, kawellu

→ Maranao: kabayo

→ Mbyá Guaraní: kavaju

→ Nivaclé: cuvôyu

→ O'odham: kaviyu

→ Papantla Totonac: kawayu

→ Paraguayan Guaraní: kavaju

→ Pipil: kāwayu

→ Quechua: kawallu

→ Sayula Popoluca: cawa̱yu

→ Seri: caay

→ Tagalog: kabayo

→ Waray-Waray: kabayo

→ Yatzachi Zapotec: cabey

→ Yosondúa Mixtec: kuayu

→ Zoogocho Zapotec: cabayw

Inherited from Late Latin caballus (“horse”), from Latin caballus (“pack horse”), of disputed origin.

inh+

a caballo regalado no le mires el diente


frontal

Borrowed from Medieval Latin frontālis (“frontal”), from Latin frōns.


dorsal

es-adj

dorsal m or f (masculine and feminine plural dorsales)


arena

Inherited from Latin arēna, possibly of Etruscan origin. Compare English arena.

arena muerta

arenas movedizas

chorro de arena

(building, sports) bullfight arena; boxing ring


mangle

(botany) A mangrove, any of various plants of the genus Rhizophora


FA

fibrilación auricular
fibrilación auricular#Spanish

(medicine) AF, A-fib: Initialism of fibrilación auricular (“atrial fibrilation”).

fosfatasa alcalina
fosfatasa alcalina#Spanish

(biochemistry) Initialism of fosfatasa alcalina (“alkaline phosphatase”).


motor

→ Ye'kwana: motode


molecular

molecular m or f (masculine and feminine plural moleculares)


orbital

orbital m or f (masculine and feminine plural orbitales)

(anatomy) orbital (of or relating to the eye socket)


barra

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *barra, possibly from Gaulish *barros (“the bushy end”), cognate with French barre and English bar. Doublet of bar.

(typography) bar (various lines used as punctuation or diacritics, such as the pipe ⟨|⟩, fraction bar (as in ¹⁄₂))


sarcoma

Borrowed from Late Latin sarcōma, from Ancient Greek σάρκωμα (sárkōma), from σάρξ (sárx, “flesh”) + -ωμα (-ōma, “process”) or from Ancient Greek σαρκόω (sarkóō), itself from σάρξ (sárx).


necrosis

From Late Latin necrōsis, from Ancient Greek νέκρωσις (nékrōsis).


edema

Borrowed from New Latin edema, from Ancient Greek οἴδημα (oídēma, “swelling”), from οἰδέω (oidéō, “to swell”).


margarita

→ English: margarita

→ Italian: margarita

From Latin margarīta, from Ancient Greek μαργαρίτης (margarítēs).


carcinoma

Borrowed from Latin carcinōma, from Ancient Greek καρκίνωμα (karkínōma).

(oncology) carcinoma (type of malignant tumour)


caldera

→ English: caldera

→ Italian: caldera

From Late Latin caldāria~caldārium (“cooking-pot”), derived from Latin caldus (“hot”). Doublet of caldero.


bismuto

Borrowed from New Latin bismutum, bismuthum, from German Wismut.


trauma

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”).


tequila

→ English: tequila

→ Russian: теки́ла (tekíla)

→ Turkish: tekila

From Tequila, the town in Jalisco, Mexico where the drink was originally made.


alta

(medicine) certificate of discharge (from a hospital)


bulbo

Borrowed from Latin bulbus (“bulb, onion”), from Ancient Greek βολβός (bolbós, “plant with round swelling on underground stem”).


cinema

cinema; movie theater (building where films are shown to an audience)


cloaca

Borrowed from Latin cloāca (“sewer”), from cluō (“cleanse”).


naso

Inherited from Latin nāsus, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s.


frizz

La miel de manuka, aparentemente, también puede aumentar la energía, "desintoxicar" el organismo, reducir el colesterol, evitar la diabetes, mejorar el sueño, tonificar la piel, reducir la pérdida del cabello e incluso prevenir el "frizz" y las puntas abiertas de los cabellos.

2017 November 25, Nural Cokcetin and Shona Blain, “La miel de manuka y sus beneficios: qué es, sus mitos y verdades”, in CNN:


fonema

Borrowed from Ancient Greek φώνημα (phṓnēma, “sound”).


oligozoospermia

es-noun

oligozoospermia f (plural oligozoospermias)


ventral

es-adj

ventral m or f (masculine and feminine plural ventrales)

(anatomy) ventral (on the front side of the human body or the according surface of an animal)


giro

(economics) economical activity type or kind


infratentorial

infratentorial m or f (masculine and feminine plural infratentoriales)

infratentoriales (feminine masculine plural)


casino

(Chile) cafeteria, canteen (staff restaurant)


spoiler

Unadapted borrowing from English spoiler.

ubor

(aeronautics) spoiler (a device to reduce lift and increase drag)


chino

From China + -o.
Variety stores are called chinos because almost all variety stores in Spain are run by Chinese people.

(colloquial, Spain) heroin (taken by chasing the dragon)


chino

es-adj

chino (feminine china, masculine plural chinos, feminine plural chinas)

china (feminine)
chinos (masculine plural)
chinas (feminine plural)

Use of enchinar (“to pave”), from en- + china.


mina

mine (excavation from which ore is taken)

mine (device intended to explode when stepped on)


gabacho

gabacho (feminine gabacha, masculine plural gabachos, feminine plural gabachas)

gabacha (feminine)
gabachos (masculine plural)
gabachas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Occitan gavach originally ‘bird’s crop, goitre, swelling’, later ‘mountain-dweller, northerner, peasant’ (because of the high incidence of disease in these populations).


dorso

Borrowed from Latin dorsum. Cf. also Dueso, which was inherited and found in place-names.


UI

(Uruguay, finance) Initialism of Unidad Indexada.


cerebro

[θeˈɾe.β̞ɾo]

Inherited from Old Spanish cerebro, an early borrowing from Latin cerebrum (“brain, skull”) (although influenced by the popular or Vulgar Latin pronunciation, with stress on the second syllable, in contrast to Portuguese cérebro; the variant celebro was the result of dissimilation), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂s- (“head”). In Old Spanish meollos was also used to refer to the brain.