hospital

→ Bikol Central: ospital

→ Cebuano: ospital

→ Karao: ospital

→ Tagalog: ospital

Borrowed from Late Latin hospitāle (“hospice, shelter, guesthouse”), from Latin hospitālis (“hospitable”). Doublet of hostal.


altar

Chavacano: altar

Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico

Inherited from Old Spanish altar (attested as far back as the Cantar de Mio Cid), from Latin altāre. See also otero.

stone that separates the firebox from the hearth in reverberatory furnaces


biblioteca

→ Tagalog: bibliyoteka

Borrowed from Latin bibliothēca, from Ancient Greek βιβλιοθήκη (bibliothḗkē, “library”).


hotel

Borrowed from French hôtel. Doublet of hospital and hostal.


palazzo

Unadapted borrowing from Italian palazzo, from Latin palātium (“palace, large residence”), from Palātium (“Palatine”), one of the seven hills of Rome. Doublet of palacio and pazo.

der

palazzo (palatial urban building in Italy)


ayuntamiento

From obsolete ayuntar ("join, gather") + -miento, ultimately from Latin adiūnctus, a contraction of ad- + iūnctus. Note how ayuntamiento preserves the Latin palatal – as does yunta ("yoke [of oxen], team [of horses]"), but not junto ("together"). Both terms equally derive from iūnctus, but only the latter underwent velarisation.


castillo

→ Basque: gaztelu

→ Papiamentu: kastio

→ Tagalog: kastilyo

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Philippines

Inherited from Old Spanish castiello (“stronghold, fortress, castle”), from Latin castellum, diminutive of castrum (“fort”). Doublet of castell.

inh+

castle (a large building that is fortified and contains many defences)


rascacielos

Verb-object compound, composed of rasca (“to scratch”) + cielos (“skies”). Calque of English skyscraper.


faro

From Latin pharus, from Ancient Greek φάρος (pháros).


arena

Inherited from Latin arēna, possibly of Etruscan origin. Compare English arena.

arena muerta

arenas movedizas

chorro de arena

(building, sports) bullfight arena; boxing ring


cinema

cinema; movie theater (building where films are shown to an audience)


casino

(Chile) cafeteria, canteen (staff restaurant)


universidad

→ Cebuano: unibersidad

→ Tagalog: unibersidad

Inherited from Old Spanish universidat, borrowed from Medieval Latin universitātem.


abadía

Borrowed from Late Latin or Ecclesiastical Latin abbātia, based on Latin abbas (“abbot”).

casa mía, casa mía, por pequeña que tú seas, me pareces una abadía


banco

→ Basque: banku

→ Cebuano: bangko

→ Hiligaynon: bangko

→ Kapampangan: bangku

→ Karao: bangko

→ Limos Kalinga: bangku

→ Tagalog: bangko

Borrowed from Old French bank, from Proto-Germanic *bankiz. Compare English bench and bank.


factoría

From factor, or borrowed from Medieval Latin factoria, from Latin factor.


fábrica

Borrowed from Latin fabrica (“workshop”). Doublet of fragua.


sex shop

Unadapted borrowing from English sex shop.


palacio

> Chavacano: palacio (inherited)

→ Cebuano: palasyo

→ Chamorro: palåsio

→ Hiligaynon: palasyo

→ Ilocano: palasio

→ Kapampangan: palasiu

→ Tagalog: palasyo

Borrowed from Latin palātium. Doublet of pazo, as well as palazzo, from Italian.


estación

Borrowed from Latin stātiōnem. Cognate with English station.


iglesia

Chavacano: iglesia

Palenquero: ilesia

→ Fala: iglesia

→ Papiamentu: iglesia

→ Tagalog: iglesya

Inherited from Old Spanish eglesia (9th century), a semi-learned descendant of Vulgar Latin eclesia, from Latin ecclēsia, from Ancient Greek ἐκκλησία (ekklēsía, “assembly”).


misión

Borrowed from Latin missiōnem. Cognate with English mission.


cárcel

→ Tagalog: karsel

Inherited from Old Spanish carcel, from Latin carcerem. The feminine gender is analogous.


prisión

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin prehēnsiōnem. Cf. French prison, Portuguese prisão. Doublet of prensión.

slbor

prison (a place or institution of confinement, especially of long-term confinement for those convicted of serious crimes or otherwise considered undesirable by the government)


seo

Borrowed from Catalan seu, from Latin sedes.


torre

→ Basque: dorre

→ Ilocano: torre

→ Quechua: turri

→ Tagalog: tore

Inherited from Old Spanish torre, inherited from Latin turrem, turris, borrowed from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis, “tower, bastion”).


teatro

From Latin theātrum, from Ancient Greek θέατρον (théatron, “a place for viewing”).

Durante el mes de julio se exhibieron, en el Teatro Metro, de San Diego, las siguientes películas […]

1942, Revista del Comercio Exterior (Mexico), Vol. 7, Issues 13-24, p. 34

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Vista en: 1967, Teatro Chino, Hollywood, California

2011, Alberto Fuguet, Las películas de mi vida:

Teatros 'Metropolitana' cerró el Teatro Million Dollar el 1º. de marzo de 1993. Casi inmediatamente el teatro fue alquilado por una iglesia […]

2014, Mary Escamilla, Memorias del Million Dollar y Secretos de los más Famosos, page 11:

(US, chiefly in names) movie theater, cinema


templo

Inherited from Old Spanish templo (cf. also the popular variant tiemplo), borrowed from Latin templum, from Proto-Indo-European *t(e)mp-lo-s, from the root *temp- (“to stretch, string”).


mezquita

desctree

→ Italian: moschea
→ French: mosquée
Haitian Creole: moske
→ English: mosque
→ German: Moschee
→ Lower Sorbian: mošeja
→ Malagasy: moske
→ Romanian: moschee
→ Norwegian Bokmål: moské
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: moské

Usually claimed as being from Arabic مَسْجِد (masjid, “mosque”), which is however phonologically difficult, so Al-Jallad (2017) suggests that it is a better match for Aramaic 𐡌𐡎𐡂𐡃𐡀 (msgdʾ /masgəḏā/, “the mosque”), which he also posits as the source of Byzantine Greek μασγίδα (masgída) and Central Atlas Tamazight ⵜⴰⵎⴻⵣⴳⵉⴷⴰ (tamezgida), which would have been borrowed directly due to closer contact of Romance speakers with Aramaic-speaking Christians or due to the Aramaic form being passed on in colloquial Arabic still in foreign shape.

cog

1520 October 30, Hernán Cortés, a letter about "la matanza de cholula", quoted in 1992, El genocidio en México durante la conquista (1519-1521): crónica

"...y certifico a vuestra alteza que yo conté desde una mezquita a cuatrocientos una mezquita y tantas torres en dicha ciudad, y todas son de mezquitas..."

(by extension, obsolete) a Native American (especially Aztec) religious site (during the Spanish conquest of the Americas)


museo

Tagalog: museo

From Latin museum, from Ancient Greek Μουσεῖον (Mouseîon, “seat of the Muses”), from Μοῦσα (Moûsa, “Muse”).


catedral

→ Bikol Central: katedral

→ Tagalog: katedrál

Borrowed from Late Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin cathedrālis, from cathedra, from Ancient Greek καθέδρᾱ (kathédrā, “seat”). Equivalent to cátedra + -al.


madrasa

Borrowed from Arabic مَدْرَسَة (madrasa).


convento

→ Cebuano: kombento

→ Tagalog: kumbento

Borrowed from Latin conventus. Cf. the Old Spanish form conviento.


capilla

Chavacano: capilla

→ Bikol Central: kapilya

→ Cebuano: kapilya

→ Ilocano: kapilia

→ Hiligaynon: kapilya

→ Tagalog: kapilya

Inherited from Late Latin cappella, from the diminutive of cappa.


manicomio

Based on nosocomio (“hospital”), from Ancient Greek νοσοκομεῖον (nosokomeîon), replacing νόσος (nósos, “disease”) with μανίᾱ (maníā, “madness”).

(now offensive) insane asylum, lunatic asylum, mental hospital


barraca

→ Italian: barraca

→ Turkish: baraka

Borrowed from Catalan barraca; see barro.


sinagoga

Borrowed from Late Latin synagōga, from Ancient Greek συναγωγή (sunagōgḗ, “assembly”).


pabellón

Borrowed from Old French paveillon, from Latin pāpiliōnem.


granero

Inherited from Latin grānārium. Equivalent to grano + -ero.

un grano no hace granero, pero ayuda al compañero


caserío

A la izquierda del camino, antes de la muralla, había hace años un caserío viejo, medio derruído, con el tejado terrero lleno de pedruscos y la piedra arenisca de sus paredes desgastada por la acción de la humedad y del aire.

1919, Pío Baroja, Zalacaín el aventurero, Chapter 2:

country house, especially one in Navarre or Basque Country


anfiteatro

Borrowed from Latin amphitheātrum, from Ancient Greek ἀμφιθέατρον (amphithéatron). By surface analysis, anfi- + teatro.


preparatoria

(Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua) high school


monasterio

→ Basque: monasterio

→ Tagalog: monasteryo


alcázar

→ English: alcazar

→ French: alcazar

→ Polish: alkazar

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْقَصْر (al-qaṣr, “the castle”) via Andalusian Arabic, from Latin castrum. Doublet of castro and castillo.

bor+

(by extension) citadel, castle, fortified town


nosocomio

Borrowed from Late Latin nosocomīum, from Ancient Greek νοσοκομεῖον (nosokomeîon, “hospital”), from νόσος (nósos, “disease, illness”) + κομέω (koméō, “to take care of”).


tugurio

ya verás qué club... un tugurio de lujo: palmeras de neón, pista circular, mesitas con lamparitas, meseros de filipina blanca y ¡qué orquestones!

2013, Jorge F. Hernández, Un montón de piedras:


mercería

haberdasher's, haberdashery (a shop selling goods for sewing)


hórreo

Inherited from Old Spanish orrio, from Latin horreum, from Ancient Greek ὡρεῖον (hōreîon). The standard form in modern Spanish, with /e/ rather than /j/, appears to be the result of a latinizing modification. Compare Asturian horriu, horru and Catalan orri.


basílica

Borrowed from (Medieval) Latin basilica, from Ancient Greek βασιλική (basilikḗ, “royal”), from βασιλεύς (basileús, “king”).

basilica (Roman Catholic church with basilican status)


barracón

From barraca + -ón (augmentative suffix).

El barracón estaba situado sobre un arrecife que no se inunda, único refugio en aquel desierto.

1924, José Eustasio Rivera, El Vorágine:

The bunkhouse sat upon a reef that doesn't flood, the only shelter from that desert.


albergue juvenil

es-noun

albergue juvenil m (plural albergues juveniles)

youth hostel (a supervised, inexpensive lodging place, primarily for young people)


agroescuela

Entre ellos estaba la creación de una agroescuela que promoviera la ecología en la capital aragonesa.

2015 September 18, “Tranvías más eficientes gracias a la Fórmula 1”, in El País:

Among them was the creation of an agricultural school which would promote ecology in the Aragonese capital.


sambódromo

sambadrome (exhibition place for samba schools in Brazil)


talayot

Borrowed from Catalan talaiot, from talaia (“watchtower”), of the same Arabic origin as atalaya.


masía

(Aragon, Catalonia) country house, cabin


cortijo

"No podemos permitir que la indecencia nos gobierne y que gente que ha hecho que sus privilegios, sentados en su sillón intentando mantener ese poder solo para ellos, hagan su cortijo y que la ciudadanía siga perdiendo cada día más derechos", ha aseverado Alfonso sobre el presidente regional.

2017 March 5, “Miles de personas exigen en Murcia la dimisión de Pedro Antonio Sánchez”, in El País:

a type of traditional rural habitat found mostly in Andalusia and Extremadura


escuela normal

escuela normal f (plural escuelas normales)


prepa

Se vale sacar ropa de antaño, si aún existe; leer un libro de la prepa o poner un contexto de fantasía que aumente el deseo.

2017 December 16, “Consejos eróticos para cerrar el año”, in Milenio:

(Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, university slang) Clipping of preparatoria (“high school”).


prepa

(Puerto Rico, university slang) a first-year student at a university; a freshman or fresher


yeshivá

[ɟ͡ʝe.ʃiˈβ̞a]

[ɟ͡ʝe.ʃiˈβ̞a]


contrafrente

(real estate) balcony to the back of the property


piso patera

Literally, “dinghy/small boat apartment”. Because people live in the apartment just as immigrants come in patera (small boat or dinghy especially used by illegal immigration to cross the Mediterranean Sea), that is, crowded together.

lit

2019 October 23, “Así viven, por 300 euros, en un 'piso patera' de Usera”, in Telemadrid:

(Spain) an apartment in which many people, especially illegal immigrants, live in cramped conditions


estación de autobús

es-noun

estación de autobús f (plural estaciones de autobús)


escuela privada

escuela privada f (plural escuelas privadas)


tienda de segunda mano

tienda de segunda mano f (plural tiendas de segunda mano)

second-hand shop, (UK) charity shop, (US) thrift shop, (UK) thrift shop


alfolí

Borrowed from Andalusian Arabic الهُرِي (al-hurī), from Classical هُرْي (hury), هُرِيّ (huriyy).


casa de altos

(Latin America) a three or more storeyed house