presidente

es-noun

presidente m (plural presidentes, feminine presidenta, feminine plural presidentas)

presidentes (plural)
presidenta (feminine)
presidentas (feminine plural)

From Latin praesidentem (“presiding over; president, leader”) (accusative: praesidentem). Doublet of president.
From presid- + -ente.


general

es-noun

general m (plural generales, feminine general or generala, feminine plural generales or generalas)

generales (plural)
or generala (feminine general)
generales (feminine plural)
generalas (feminine plural)


virrey

virrey m (plural virreyes, feminine virreina, feminine plural virreinas)

virreyes (plural)
virreina (feminine)
virreinas (feminine plural)

From rey (“king”); compare French vice-roi.


emperador

emperador m (plural emperadores, feminine emperatriz or emperadora, feminine plural emperatrices or emperadoras)

emperadores (plural)
emperatriz (feminine)
emperadora (feminine)
emperatrices (feminine plural)
emperadoras (feminine plural)

→ Tagalog: emperador

From Old Spanish emperador, from Latin imperātōrem.


rey

Chavacano: rey

Papiamentu: rey

→ San Pedro Amuzgos Amuzgo: rey

Inherited from Old Spanish, from Latin rēgem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs.

en el reino de los ciegos, el tuerto es el rey


zarina

zarina f (plural zarinas, masculine zar, masculine plural zares)

zarinas (plural)
zar (masculine)
zares (masculine plural)

Borrowed from German Zarin, feminine form of Zar, from Russian царь (carʹ, “tsar”).


zar

zar m (plural zares, feminine zarina, feminine plural zarinas)

zares (plural)
zarina (feminine)
zarinas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Russian царь (carʹ); see it for more. Doublet of César (“Caesar”).


jefe

jefe m (plural jefes, feminine jefa or jefe, feminine plural jefas or jefes)

jefes (plural)
jefa (feminine)
jefe (feminine)
jefas (feminine plural)
jefes (feminine plural)

→ English: jefe

→ Bikol Central: hepe

→ Cebuano: hepe

→ Tagalog: hepe

Inherited from Old Spanish xefe, from Old French chief, from Latin caput. Compare Portuguese chefe. Doublet of cabo and chef.

chief; president; head; leader of a business, political party, or other organization

(military) colonel; major; rank between captain and general


virreina

virreina f (plural virreinas, masculine virrey, masculine plural virreyes)

virreinas (plural)
virrey (masculine)
virreyes (masculine plural)


emir

→ Tagalog: emir

From Ottoman Turkish امیر (emir), from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander, prince”).


cacique

es-noun

cacique m (plural caciques, feminine cacique or cacica, feminine plural caciques or cacicas)

caciques (plural)
cacique (feminine)
cacica (feminine)
caciques (feminine plural)
cacicas (feminine plural)

→ Catalan: cacic

→ English: cacique

→ French: cacique

→ Galician: cacique

→ German: Kazike

→ Portuguese: cacique

Borrowed from Taíno *kasike (“chieftain”) or Lokono kassequa (“chieftain; power”).


coronel

es-noun

coronel m (plural coroneles, feminine coronel or coronela, feminine plural coroneles or coronelas)

coroneles (plural)
coronel (feminine)
coronela (feminine)
coroneles (feminine plural)
coronelas (feminine plural)

→ Tagalog: koronel

Probably from Middle French colonel, from Italian colonnello, or alternatively from Old Occitan coronel, from a diminutive of Latin columna, becoming influenced by corona.


sultana

sultana f (plural sultanas, masculine sultán, masculine plural sultanes)

sultanas (plural)
sultán (masculine)
sultanes (masculine plural)


negus

(historical) Negus (supreme Ethiopian ruler)


monarca

monarca m or f by sense (plural monarcas)

Borrowed from Late Latin monarcha, from Ancient Greek μονάρχης (monárkhēs), variant of μόναρχος (mónarkhos, “sole ruler”).


regente

regente m or f by sense (plural regentes)

regent (one who rules in place of the monarch)


califa

Borrowed from French calife, from Medieval Latin calipha, from Arabic خَلِيفَة (ḵalīfa, “vicar, successor”). Displaced patrimonial instance halifa as borrowed directly from Andalusian Arabic خَلِيْفَة (ẖalífah).


teniente

es-noun

teniente m (plural tenientes, feminine teniente or tenienta, feminine plural tenientes or tenientas)

tenientes (plural)
teniente (feminine)
tenienta (feminine)
tenientes (feminine plural)
tenientas (feminine plural)

From the old present participle of tener, from Latin tenentem.


soldado raso

raso indicates in this case "having no rank, echelon, etc.".


alférez

alférez m or f by sense (plural alféreces)

→ English: alferes

→ Italian: alfiere

→ Tagalog: alperes

Borrowed from Arabic فَارِس (fāris), via Andalusian Arabic.

(military) second lieutenant, subaltern, ensign


cabo

Inherited from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput, from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-. Doublet of jefe and chef.

A Luisa Cánepa, mi sirvienta, la violó un sargento, y después un cabo y después un soldado raso.

1973, Mario Vargas Llosa, Pantaleón y las Visitadoras, Punto de Lectura, published 2007, page 20:

My servant Luisa Cánepa was raped by a sergeant, then by a corporal, and then by a private.

(military) corporal (non-commissioned officer army rank with NATO code OR-4)


almirante

almirante m or f by sense (plural almirantes)

→ Tagalog: almirante

From Old Spanish amirate reinterpreted as a present participle with the suffix -ante and under influence from Arabic ال (al-, “the, of the”), from Medieval Latin amiratus, from Byzantine Greek ἀμιράς (amirás), from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”), particularly Arabic أمير الأمراء (ʔamīr al-umarāʔ, “emir of emirs, commander-in-chief”) as used as a title for important commanders in Norman Sicily in the mid-12th century.

der

أمير الأمراء


cónsul

es-noun

cónsul m or f by sense (plural cónsules)

heads of government
head of government#English

Byzantine Empire
Byzantine Empire#English

(historical) consul (either of the two heads of government and state of the Roman Republic or the equivalent nominal post under the Roman and Byzantine Empires)


soberano

soberano m (plural soberanos, feminine soberana, feminine plural soberanas)

soberanos (plural)
soberana (feminine)
soberanas (feminine plural)

From a Vulgar Latin root *superānus or *superiānus, from Latin super. Compare French souverain, Italian sovrano, soprano, Portuguese soberano, Catalan sobirà. Doublet of soprano, from Italian.


presidenta

From presidente (“president”) + -a (“feminine suffix”).


estatúder

Borrowed from Dutch stadhouder (literally “city holder”), calqued from Medieval Latin locum tenēns. Compare lugarteniente.

bor+

(historical) stadtholder (chief magistrate of the Dutch Republic)


faraón

es-noun

faraón m (plural faraones, feminine faraona, feminine plural faraonas)

faraones (plural)
faraona (feminine)
faraonas (feminine plural)

From Old Spanish pharaon, from Late Latin Pharaōnem, from Ancient Greek φαραώ (pharaṓ), from Hebrew פַּרְעֹה (par‘ōh), from Egyptian pr-ꜥꜣ (“great house”), pr:aA


Pte.

Los campesinos denunciantes del homicidio, encabezados por el Pte. de la Asociación de Agricultores del Alto Paraná, Tomás Zayas, el srio. del MCP, pidieron la investigación del hecho y castigo a los culpables […]

1996, Soledad Villagra de Biederman, Juan Carlos Yuste, “Derecho a la Vida”, in Derechos Humanos en Paraguay - 1996, Servicio Paz y Justicia Paraguay:

Con el 99,12 % de los votos escrutados, Nicolás Maduro, y con él el legado del Pte. Chávez, ha ganado la elección presidencial en Venezuela.

2013 April 15, Sirio López Velasco, “Venezuela: Victoria Bolivariana y algunas interrogantes”, in Noticias Uruguayas, archived from the original on 2023-08-09:


sultán

sultán m (plural sultanes, feminine sultana, feminine plural sultanas)

sultanes (plural)
sultana (feminine)
sultanas (feminine plural)

From Turkish sultan, from Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān), from Aramaic שולטנא (šūlṭānā) "power".

der

Aramaic שולטנא (šūlṭānā)


déspota

es-noun

déspota m or f by sense (plural déspotas)

Borrowed from Italian despota, from Medieval Latin despota, from Ancient Greek δεσπότης (despótēs, “master, absolute ruler”).


cabecilla

es-noun

cabecilla m or f by sense (plural cabecillas)


káiser

Borrowed from German Kaiser. Doublet of César.


vicealmirante

vicealmirante m or f by sense (plural vicealmirantes)

En la reunión participaron, además, el jefe de la DEA en Puerto Rico y para el área del Caribe, Matthew Donaheu, y el vicealmirante Edmundo Martín Félix Pimentel, presidente de la Dirección Nacional del Control de Drogas (DNCD).

2016 September 30, “Medina y DEA evalúan la lucha contra narcotráfico”, in Listin Diario:


señor de la guerra

señor de la guerra m (plural señores de la guerra)


teniente coronel

teniente coronel m (plural tenientes coroneles)