pie

Inherited from Old Spanish pie, from Latin pedem.
Cognate with Asturian pie, Galician and Portuguese pé, and Catalan peu. As an English unit, a calque of English foot.

English or American foot (a unit of length equal to 30.48 cm)

(historical, measure) pie, a Spanish foot (a former unit of length equivalent to about 27.9 cm)

(design, typography) footer (the bottom of a page or design)


EU

US (a country in North America); initialism of Estados Unidos (“United States”)


Iraq

Alternative spelling of Irak: Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Israel

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Austria

Borrowed from Latin Austria, a Latinization of Old High German Ostarrîchi, from an element meaning "east" (Proto-Germanic *austrą, compare Swedish öster) + rīhhi (“realm”) (compare modern German Reich (“realm”)).


Andorra

Probably from a Basque word andurrial (“shrub-covered land”), but it may come from Arabic الدُرَّا (ad-durrā, “the forest”).

der

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France)


Albania

→ Tagalog: Albanya

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Albania (a country in Southeast Europe; capital: Tirana)


Armenia

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Argentina

From argentino (“silvery”), in reference to the Río de la Plata ("silver river"), since first European explorers, looking for gold and silver, thought it looked like silver because of the reflection of sunlight.


Bangladesh

[bãŋ.ɡlaˈð̞eʃ]


Bulgaria

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


Bolivia

From Bolív(ar) + -ia; coined by Bolivian pastor and deputy Manuel Martín Cruz in October 1825 stating, “if from Romulus, Rome; from Bolivar, Bolivia”.


Bahamas

Bahamas (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean)


Chile

→ Rapa Nui: Tire

From Quechua chiri (“cold”) or chili, or from Mapudungun chilli (“seagull Larus dominicanus”).


China

→ Tagalog: Tsina

Ultimately from Sanskrit चीन (cīna), ultimately possibly from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin).


Colombia

From Italian Colombo (“Cristoforo Colombo”) + -ia. Named after Genoese explorer Christopher Columbus (1451–1506) in 1819, from Francisco de Miranda's use of the term to designate Spanish America in the 1790s.

suffix

Italian <i class="Latn mention" lang="it">Colombo</i>


Cuba

→ Tagalog: Kuba

Disputed; likely from Taíno cubao (“abundant fertile land”) or coabana (“great place”).

unk

Disputed

Cuba (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Ecuador

→ Japanese: エクアドル (Ekuadoru)

→ Tagalog: Ekwadór


Guatemala

Borrowed from Classical Nahuatl Cuauhtēmallān, from cuauhtēmalli (“woodpile”) + -tlān (“place”).

bor+

salir de Guatemala y meterse en Guatepeor

Guatemala (a country in Central America)


Honduras

Literally, “depths”. From a quote attributed to Christopher Columbus, "Thanks to God that we have left these Depths".


Indonesia

Composed of Ancient Greek Ἰνδός (Indós) + νῆσος (nêsos, “island”)

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


India

Borrowed from Latin India, from Ancient Greek Ἰνδία (Indía), from Ἰνδός (Indós, “Indus River”), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁 (hiⁿdūš) (modern Persian هند (hend)) from Sanskrit सिन्धु (síndhu, “a river, stream”).


Jamaica

→ Tagalog: Hamayka

Jamaica (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Kiribati

Kiribati (A country consisting mostly of the Gilbert Islands archipelago, located in Micronesia in Oceania)


Kuwait

Kuwait (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein (a microstate in Central Europe)


Madagascar

Madagascar (an island and country off the east coast of Africa)


Mongolia

Mongolia (a country in East Asia; capital: Ulán Bator)


Malta

→ Tagalog: Malta

From Italian and Maltese Malta, from Arabic, from Latin Melita, from Ancient Greek, possibly from Phoenician 𐤌𐤋𐤈 (mlṭ), q.v.

República de Malta
República de Malta#Spanish

Malta (an island country in Southern Europe; official name: República de Malta)


Malawi

Alternative spelling of Malaui: Malawi (a country in Southern Africa)


Mozambique

Mozambique (a country in East Africa and Southern Africa)


Nigeria

Nigeria (a country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger)


Nicaragua

Unknown. One theory is that it was coined by Spanish colonists based upon the name of the local chief at that time, Classical Nahuatl Nicarao (“Nicarao”) + agua (“water”). Another is that it may have meant ‘surrounded by water’ in an indigenous language. (This could either be a reference to its two large freshwater lakes, Lake Nicaragua and Lake Managua, or to the fact that it bounded on the east and the west by oceans.)

Nicaragua (a country in Central America)


México

→ Dutch: Mexico

desctree

→ English: Mexico, México, Mehico
→ Assamese: মেক্সিকো (meksikü)
→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܡܟܣܝܩܘ (mksiqw)
→ Burmese: မက္ကဆီကို (makka.hcikui)
→ Chinese: 墨西哥 (Mòxīgē)
→ Dhivehi: މެކްސިކޯ (mek̊sikō)
→ Finnish: Meksiko
→ Hebrew: מֶקְסִיקוֹ (méksiko)
→ Hindi: मेक्सिको (meksiko)
→ Irish: Meicsiceo
→ Japanese: メキシコ (Mekishiko)
→ Korean: 멕시코 (Meksiko)
→ Thai: เม็กซิโก (mék-sí-goo)
→ Yoruba: Mẹ́síkò

→ Esperanto: Meksiko

→ Faroese: Meksiko

→ French: Mexique
Antillean Creole: Meksik
Haitian Creole: Meksik
→ Arabic: المكسيك
→ Persian: مکزیک (mekzik)
→ Khmer: ម៉ិចស៊ិក (məcsɨk)
→ Norman: Mexique

→ German: Mexiko

→ Greek: Μεξικό (Mexikó)

→ Japanese: メヒコ (Mehiko)

→ Korean: 메히꼬 (Mehikko)

→ Polish: Meksyk

→ Portuguese: México

→ Slovak: Mexiko

→ Tagalog: Mehiko

→ Vietnamese: Mê-hi-cô

→ Yiddish: מעקסיקע (meksike)

1579, from Classical Nahuatl Mēxihco, originally a toponym for the Valley of Mexico. Aside from the element -co, the Nahuatl locative suffix, the etymology of this place-name remains uncertain.
It has been suggested to be derived from Mēxihtli, a name belonging to the Aztecs' patron god Huitzilopochtli, in which case the associated locative name could be interpreted as ("place of Huitzilopochtli" or “place where Huitzilopochtli lives”). Another hypothesis suggests the name to be a portmanteau of the words mētztli (“moon”) + xīctli (“navel”), hence the hypothetical original form *Mētzxīcco, meaning “place at the navel/center of the moon”, perhaps referring to the city of Tenochtitlan's position in Lake Texcoco, which was the central lake of a system of interconnected lakes whose shape was likened to that of a rabbit by the Aztecs; an animal associated to the moon. (If that is the case, then the sound of tz /t͡s/ in mētz- has been absorbed into the initial x /ʃ/ of -xīc-, while the geminate cc /kː/ in -xīcco has been transformed into the consonant cluster hc /ʔk/.) A third hypothesis suggests a derivation incorporating metl (“maguey”) (stem me-), perhaps from Mēctli, a maguey goddess, Proto-Uto-Aztecan [Term?].

Aguascalientes · Baja California · Baja California Sur · Campeche · Chiapas · Chihuahua · Coahuila · Colima · Durango · Guanajuato · Guerrero · Hidalgo · Jalisco · México · Michoacán · Morelos · Nayarit · Nuevo León · Oaxaca · Puebla · Querétaro · Quintana Roo · San Luis Potosí · Sinaloa · Sonora · Tabasco · Tamaulipas · Tlaxcala · Veracruz · Yucatán · Zacatecas

State of Mexico, Mexico State (a state of Mexico; capital: Toluca)


Brasil

Brazil (A large Portuguese-speaking country in South America)


Nepal

Nepal (a country in South Asia, located between China and India)


Nauru

Nauru (a country and island in Oceania, in the Pacific Ocean)


Portugal

From Latin Portucale < Portus Cale, former name of what is now the city of Vila Nova de Gaia.

Portugal (a country in Southern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula)


Paraguay

Borrowed from Guaraní Paraguay, formed either from para (“sea”) + gúa (“bordering”) or from paraguã (“crown of feathers”) + y (“river”).

Paraguay River (a major river in South America)


San Marino

San Marino (a landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy)

San Marino (the capital city of San Marino)


El Salvador

→ Japanese: エルサルバドル (Eru Sarubadoru)

El Salvador (a country in Central America)


Tonga

Tonga (a country and archipelago in Polynesia in Oceania)


Uganda

From Swahili Uganda (“Buganda, subnational kingdom”), from Luganda Buganda (“land of the Ganda”).


Uruguay

Disputed, either:
* Guaraní urugua y (literally “water shellfish”), from urugua (“shellfish”) + y (“water”); or
* Guaraní uru gua y (literally “type of water bird”) from uru (“type of bird”) + gua (“from”) + y (“water”).

com

Uruguay River (a major river in South America)


Venezuela

Inherited from Old Spanish Veneçuela (from Venecia (“Venice”) + -uela).


Yemen

Yemen (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


paceño

es-noun

paceño m (plural paceños, feminine paceña, feminine plural paceñas)

paceños (plural)
paceña (feminine)
paceñas (feminine plural)

native or inhabitant of La Paz (a city in several countries) (male or of unspecified gender)


URSS

Initialism of Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas.


Australia

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


Aruba

Aruba (an island, dependent territory, and constituent country of the Netherlands, in the Caribbean Sea)


Barbados

Barbados (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Burkina Faso

From Moore burkĩna (“honest”) + Dyula faso (“father's house”), coined by Thomas Sankara.

Burkina Faso (a country in West Africa, formerly Upper Volta)


Vanuatu

Vanuatu (a country and archipelago in Melanesia in Oceania)


Tuvalu

Tuvalu (a country and archipelago in Polynesia in Oceania)


Somalia

Somalia (a country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa)


Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka (an island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India)


Seychelles

Seychelles (an archipelago and country in East Africa, in the Indian Ocean)


Congo

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo

Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo

Congo (a country in Central Africa, larger and to the east of the Republic of the Congo)

Congo (a country in Central Africa, smaller and to the west of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)

Congo (a large river in Africa, which flows for about 4,380 km (2,720 miles) to the Atlantic Ocean in the Democratic Republic of Congo)


Costa Rica

Costa Rica (a country in Central America)


Dominica

→ Japanese: ドミニカ (Dominika)

Dominica (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Eritrea

Eritrea (a country in East Africa, on the Red Sea)


Georgia

Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)

Georgia (a state in the Southern United States)


Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico (a commonwealth, island and dependent territory of the United States in the Caribbean)


Samoa

Samoa (A country consisting of the western part of the Samoan archipelago in Polynesia, in Oceania)


Micronesia

Micronesia (a geographical region of Oceania)

Micronesia (A country consisting of about 2000 islands in Oceania)


Montserrat

Borrowed from Catalan Montserrat, from mont (“hill”) + serrat (“jagged”).

Montserrat (an island and overseas territory of the United Kingdom in the Caribbean)


Guam

Guam (an island and overseas territory of the United States in Micronesia)


president

Borrowed from Catalan president. Doublet of presidente.


yanqui

es-adj

yanqui m or f (masculine and feminine plural yanquis)

Borrowed from English Yankee, from Dutch (see more at said entry).

Yankee (of, from or relating to the United States)


yanqui

Yankee (native or inhabitant of the United States)


Quebec

Quebec, Quebec City (the capital city of the province of Quebec, Canada)


Montreal

Montreal (the largest city in Quebec, Canada)


iceberg

[i.θeˈβ̞eɾɣ̞]

[ˈai̯z.β̞eɾɣ̞]

Borrowed from English iceberg, from Dutch ijsberg (literally “ice mountain”).

der

la punta del iceberg


Tasmania

Tasmania (a state and island in Australia)


Victoria

From the Latin Victoria; also shortened from María (de la) Victoria, a Roman Catholic epithet of the Virgin Mary as "Our Lady of Victory".


Amazonas

→⇒ Ye'kwana: Amasonanña

A state of the North Region, Brazil. Capital: Manaus


acre

es-adj

acre m or f (masculine and feminine plural acres)


acre

Borrowed from English acre. Doublet of agro.


Paraná

Borrowed from Old Tupi paranã (“river”).

Paraná (a river in central and southern South America)

Paraná (a state of the South Region, Brazil; capital: Curitiba)


Ontario

Borrowed from English Ontario, probably from Wyandot ontari꞉io.

Ontario (a province in eastern Canada; capital: Toronto)


Delhi

Delhi (a megacity and union territory of India, containing the national capital New Delhi)


Canberra

Australian Capital Territory
Australian Capital Territory#English

Canberra (the capital city of Australia; located in the Australian Capital Territory)


Brisbane

Brisbane (the capital of Queensland, Australia)


Melbourne

Melbourne (the capital city of Victoria, Australia)


Edmonton

Edmonton (the capital city of Alberta, Canada)


Ottawa

Ottawa (a city in Ontario, Canada; capital city of Canada)


Curitiba

Curitiba (a municipality, the state capital of Paraná, Brazil)


Brasilia

Distrito Federal
Distrito Federal#English

Brasília (a municipality, the capital city of Brazil; state capital of Distrito Federal, Brazil)


español

español (feminine española, masculine plural españoles, feminine plural españolas)

española (feminine)
españoles (masculine plural)
españolas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Spanish espanyol, espanhol, espannol. Probably a thirteenth-century borrowing from Old Occitan espaignol (compare modern Occitan espanhòl, Catalan espanyol, Portuguese espanhol, French espagnol), from Vulgar Latin *Hispaniolus (“of Spain”), from Latin Hispānus, back-formed from Hispānia, assumed in comparison to Hebrew שָׁפָן (šap̄ā́n) to reflect Punic *𐤀𐤉𐤔𐤐𐤍 (*ʾyšpn /*ʔī šap̄ān/, literally “coast of hyraxes”).
According to phonetic rules, if inherited from Latin, the Castilian Spanish result would have been *españuelo (though some argue that this did not take root because the suffix -uelo would be perceived as diminutive; more likely, it was simply because there was no need at the time for a common secular name for all the inhabitants of Christian Iberia/Spain, and a common identity as a unified people or entity had not yet been formed. Until then, the people used cristiano (“Christian”) to refer to themselves). The word español was supposedly imported from Provence by a medieval chronicler (it was originally introduced by pilgrims in Santiago) because there was no existing translation of the earlier Roman word Hispani when writing a chronicle of Spanish history, but this was the word Provençal speakers used to refer to the Christian kingdoms of what would later become Spain. In Old Spanish there was also a form españón which disappeared after the first half of the 14th century, possibly derived from a Vulgar Latin *Hispaniōnem. Compare also espanesco, the word Mozarabic speakers used for themselves, presumably from a Vulgar Latin *Hispaniscus.

der

Spanish (pertaining to Spain or to the language)


Hyderabad

The capital and largest city of Telangana, India.


Bangalore

Bangalore (a megacity, the state capital of Karnataka, India)


Bombay

Mumbai, Bombay (a megacity, the capital of Maharashtra, India)


Hong Kong

Hong Kong (a city, island, and special administrative region in southeastern China)


canal

→ Tagalog: kanal

Inherited from Old Spanish canal, from Latin canālis (“channel; canal”).


Bosnia-Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English:_Q225

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Bosnia and Herzegovina (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Asia

América

Norteamérica/América del Norte, Sudamérica/Suramérica/América del Sur


Amsterdam

Amsterdam (a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands; capital city of the Netherlands)


delta

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δέλτα (délta).


Madrid

Formerly Magerit; etymology uncertain, but probably derived from one or more of the following:
* Latin matrix (“mother or womb [of rivers]”),
* Arabic مَجْرًى (majran, “channel”)
* hypothetical Celtic *Mageto-ɸritus (“great ford”)

der

Community of Madrid
Community of Madrid#English

autonomous community
autonomous community

Madrid, Community of Madrid (an autonomous community of Spain)


California

Calafia
Las sergas de Esplandián
Reconquista

First attested in Montalvo's Las sergas de Esplandián as the name of Calafia's monarchy. A name invented by the author to remind Spanish readers of the recent Reconquista, probably based on califa (“caliph”).

California (a state of the United States)


Toscana

administrative region
administrative region

Tuscany (an administrative region of Italy, located north of Lazio and south of Emilia-Romagna)


argentine

es-noun

argentine gender-neutral (plural argentines, feminine argentina, feminine plural argentinas, masculine argentino, masculine plural argentinos)

argentine gender-neutral (canonical)
argentines (plural)
argentina (feminine)
argentinas (feminine plural)
argentino (masculine)
argentinos (masculine plural)

Alrededor de sesenta argentines y extranjeres fueron desacreditades.

2019, Centro de Estudios Legales y Sociales, Derechos humanos en la Argentina: Informe 2019, Siglo XXI Editores, →ISBN:

About sixty Argentinians and foreigners were discredited.

(gender-neutral, neologism) Argentinian (person)


Bali

Bali (an island and province of Indonesia)


Barcelona

Barcelona (the capital city of Catalonia, Spain)


Florida

Named la florida (“the land of flowers”) by Spanish explorer Ponce de León, referring to its blooming vegetation and the current season having been Pascua Florida.


Glasgow

Unadapted borrowing from English Glasgow.

ubor

Glasgow (a major city and council area of Scotland, largest city in Scotland)


Kiev

Kyiv (The capital city of Ukraine and regional administrative centre of Kyiv Oblast)


Liguria

From Latin Liguria, from Ancient Greek Λίγυς (Lígus).

Liguria (an administrative region of northwest Italy)


Liverpool

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Liverpool (a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England)


Manila

Borrowed from Tagalog Maynila, from may (“there is”) + nila (“indigo”), Tagalog nila from Sanskrit नील (nīla).

Manila (the capital city of the Philippines; regional capital of Metro Manila, in the island of Luzon)


Oslo

Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)


Silesia

Silesia (a historical region in Central Europe, shared between the Czech Republic and Poland)


Valencia

→ Cebuano: Valencia

→ Chinese: 巴倫西亞 /巴伦西亚 (Bālúnxīyà)

→ Tagalog: Valencia

Borrowed from Catalan València, from Latin Valentia.

Valencian Community
Valencian Community#English

Valencia, Valencian Community (an autonomous community of Spain)


Virginia

Borrowed from English Virginia, from Latin Virginia.


Zagreb

[ˈθa.ɣ̞ɾeβ̞]

[ˈsa.ɣ̞ɾeβ̞]

Zagreb (the capital and largest city of Croatia)


Apulia

Apulia (a peninsula and administrative region in southern Italy)


Calabria

Calabria (a peninsula and administrative region of southern Italy)


Campania

Campania (an administrative region of southern Italy)


España

desc

→ Arabic: إسبانيا

→ Arabic: إسبانيا

⇒ Finnish: Espanja

→ Guaraní: Epáña

→ Korean: 에스파냐 (eseupanya), 에스빠냐 (eseuppanya)

→ Quechua: Ispaña

→ Tagalog: Espanya

Inherited from Old Spanish Espanna (“Iberian Peninsula”), from Latin Hispānia, possibly derived from the Punic אי שפן (I-Shaphan, “coast of hyraxes”).

der

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


italiano

es-adj

italiano (feminine italiana, masculine plural italianos, feminine plural italianas)

italiana (feminine)
italianos (masculine plural)
italianas (feminine plural)


oasis

Borrowed from Late Latin Oasis (“name of various oases”), from Ancient Greek Ὄασις (Óasis), from Demotic wḥj, from Egyptian wḥꜣt (“oasis, cauldron”), G43-V28-G1-X1:N25.


libra

From Latin libra (“Roman pound, scale”). Doublet of lira. In reference to the English unit, a calque of English pound. Cognate with Galician and Portuguese libra and Catalan lliura.

British pound (the currency of the United Kingdom and its dependencies, originally notionally equivalent to a pound of stirling silver)


Gdansk

Pomeranian Voivodeship
Pomeranian Voivodeship#English

Gdańsk (the capital city of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)


Azores

Fuimos a las Azores.


lago

Inherited from Old Spanish lago, from Latin lacus, from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”).

inh

laguna

smaller than lago but bigger than charca


africano

es-noun

africano m (plural africanos, feminine africana, feminine plural africanas)

africanos (plural)
africana (feminine)
africanas (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin āfricānus (“African”).

lbor

African (native or inhabitant of Africa) (male or of unspecified gender)


Canadá

Borrowed from French Canada, from Laurentian kanata (“village, settlement”).


Rusia

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Varangians, inhabitants of Rus”).

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


flamenco

Flemish (the standard variety of Dutch used in Belgium)

Flemish (a group of Dutch dialects spoken in Belgium)


noruego

es-adj

noruego (feminine noruega, masculine plural noruegos, feminine plural noruegas)

noruega (feminine)
noruegos (masculine plural)
noruegas (feminine plural)

Norwegian (pertaining to Norway or the Norwegian language)


vera

Plectrocarpa arborea
Wikispecies:Plectrocarpa arborea

Bulnesia arborea
Wikispecies:Bulnesia arborea

verawood (Plectrocarpa arborea, syn. Bulnesia arborea)


abanico aluvial

es-noun

abanico aluvial m (plural abanicos aluviales)


kibi

Borrowed from Arabic كِبَّة (kibba, “kibbeh”).

bor+

La gastronomía yucateca es mundialmente conocida por sus sabores y la amplia gama de sus ingredientes. Los antojitos forman parte de esta oferta culinaria, los más populares son los kibis y las piedras, que son vendidos en las calles del Centro Histórico de Mérida. ¶ Pese a ser una botana característica del estado, los kibis tienen su origen muy lejos de tierras yucatecas pues se trata de una comida tradicional de Siria, Palestina y Líbano.[…]¶ Para ello, adaptaron la receta del kibi para incluir ingredientes de la región.[…]¶ Se puede considerar que son un derivado de los kibis, pues su método de preparación es similar.

2021 January 20, Redacción Por Esto!, Por Esto!, archived from the original on 2024-08-24:

Yucatecan gastronomy is known worldwide for its flavors and wide range of ingredients. Appetizers form part of this culinary offer, the most popular being kibis and piedras, which are sold in the streets of Mérida’s Historic Center. ¶ Despite being a characteristic appetizer of the state, kibis have their origins far from Yucatecan lands as it is a traditional food from Syria, Palestine and Lebanon. […] ¶ For this, they adapted the kibi recipe to include ingredients from the region. […] ¶ They can be considered a derivative of kibis, since their preparation method is similar.

Leo Moguel, en su andar por calles del centro de Mérida, todos los días deleita el paladar de decenas de personas vendiendo kibis “clásicos”, rellenos de queso de bola o de carne molida, polcanes y las famosas “piedras” que se disfrutan más en los partidos de béisbol.[…]¶ En esta época decembrina cuando mucha gente sale a la calle sus kibis tienen mayor demanda, afirmó. “Los yucatecos somos ‘kiberos’”. ¶ El vendedor ambulante refirió que turistas le piden kibis y le preguntan cuánto tiempo pueden durar en buenas condiciones.[…]¶ El lunes alrededor del medio día ya había vendido unos 60 kibis.

2022 December 21, Claudia Sierra Medina, “Mérida. Tras perder su empleo encontró en la venta de antojitos un medio para salir adelante”, in Diario de Yucatán, archived from the original on 2024-08-24:

Leo Moguel, as he walks the streets of downtown Mérida, every day delights the palates of dozens of people selling “classic” kibis, stuffed with Edam cheese or ground beef, polcanes and the famous “piedras” that are most enjoyed at baseball games. […] ¶ During this Decembery time, when many people go out on the streets, their kibis are in greater demand, he affirmed. “We Yucatecans are ‘kiberos’”. ¶ The street vendor said that tourists ask him for kibis and how long they can last in good condition. […] ¶ On Monday around noon he had already sold about 60 kibis.

En el tema de los platillos, el chef da reconocimiento a los tamales que se preparan en el Hanal Pixan (el equivalente a Día de Muertos en el resto del país), los recados (que consiste en una mezcla de especias y que tiene influencia de oriente medio), el relleno negro, los papadzules, los kibis (un tipo de croqueta frita con influencia libanesa hecha con queso de bola y carne de cerdo), los salbutes, el castacán o el Is Waaj.

2023 November 28, Monserrat Méndez, “Festival Sabores de Yucatán: el esplendor de la cocina yucateca”, in Forbes México, archived from the original on 2023-12-02:

On the topic of dishes, the chef gives recognition to the tamales that are prepared at Hanal Pixan (the equivalent of Day of the Dead in the rest of the country), recados (which consist of a mixture of spices and have Middle Eastern influence), relleno negro, papadzules, kibis (a type of fried croquette with Lebanese influence made with Edam cheese and pork), salbutes, castacán or Is Waaj.

A type of kibbeh prepared in the Mexican state of Yucatan.


Cali

From Calima, a pre-Columbian culture, itself from a native (possibly Cariban) language.


polaco

es-adj

polaco (feminine polaca, masculine plural polacos, feminine plural polacas)

polaca (feminine)
polacos (masculine plural)
polacas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Polish Polak.
For the etymology of the Catalan sense, see the Wikipedia article Polaco (slur).


polaco

es-noun

polaco m (plural polacos, feminine polaca, feminine plural polacas)

polacos (plural)
polaca (feminine)
polacas (feminine plural)

Pole (native or inhabitant of Poland) (male or of unspecified gender)


palazzo

Unadapted borrowing from Italian palazzo, from Latin palātium (“palace, large residence”), from Palātium (“Palatine”), one of the seven hills of Rome. Doublet of palacio and pazo.

der

palazzo (palatial urban building in Italy)


Italia

→ Tagalog: Italya

From Latin Italia via Ancient Greek Ῑ̓ταλίᾱ (Ītalíā), from Oscan 𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞 (víteliú, “land of bulls”), a name for the southwestern tip of the boot of Italy; usually assumed to be a cognate of vitulus (“calf”).


mesa

Chavacano: mesa

→ Catalan: mesa

⇒ Cebuano: lamesa

→ Chamicuro: mesa

→ Guaraní: mesa

→ English: mesa

→ Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: mesa

⇒ Higaonon: lamesa

→ Highland Popoluca: mesa

→ Kituba: mesa

→ O'odham: miːsa

→ Tagalog: mesa, ⇒ lamesa

→ Tausug: lamisahan

→ Ye'kwana: mesa

desc

→ Zacatlán-Ahuacatlán-Tepetzintla Nahuatl: mesa

→ Zoogocho Zapotec: mes

Inherited from Vulgar Latin mēsa, from Latin mēnsa. Cognate with Bengali মেজ (mej), Hindi मेज़ (mez), and Malayalam മേശ (mēśa).


Egipto

→ Basque: ijito (“Roma”)

→ Kapampangan: Eyiptu

→ Quechua: Ihiptu

→ Tagalog: Ehipto

From Latin Aegyptus, from Ancient Greek Αἴγυπτος (Aíguptos).

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


húngaro

es-adj

húngaro (feminine húngara, masculine plural húngaros, feminine plural húngaras)

húngara (feminine)
húngaros (masculine plural)
húngaras (feminine plural)


catalán

catalán (feminine catalana, masculine plural catalanes, feminine plural catalanas)

catalana (feminine)
catalanes (masculine plural)
catalanas (feminine plural)

From Catalan català (adjective), Catalunya (noun).


catalán

es-noun

catalán m (plural catalanes, feminine catalana, feminine plural catalanas)

catalanes (plural)
catalana (feminine)
catalanas (feminine plural)


Minnesota

Minnesota (a state of the United States)


Texas

desctree

→ Russian: Техас (Texas)
→ Armenian: Տեխաս (Texas)

From Hasinai Caddo táyshaʔ (“friend, ally”), used to refer to the Caddo nation.


mar

mar m or f same meaning (canonical)
mares (plural)

→ Aymara: lamara

→ Classical Nahuatl: láma̱r

→ Papiamentu: lama, laman

Inherited from Old Spanish mar (“sea”), from Latin mare (“sea”), from Proto-Italic *mari, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.

En la mar hay una torre
En la torre una ventana
En la ventana hay una hija
Que a los marineros ama.

2008, Cécile Corbel (lyrics and music), “En la mar [In the Middle of the Sea]”, in Songbook vol. 2 (CD), performed by Cécile Corbel, Brittany: Keltia Musique:

In the middle of the sea there's a tower
In the tower there's a window
At the window there's a maiden
Who loves the sailors.


Japón

→ Guaraní: Hapõ

→ Tagalog: Hapon, Sapon (obsolete)

From either Portuguese Japão or directly from Early Manila Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún) as recorded in the Dictionario Hispanico Sinicum (1626-1642), ultimately from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).


caverna

Borrowed from Latin caverna. Cognate with English cavern.


costa

vivir a costa de

a toda costa


Bilbao

Three possibilities are:
* From Basque billa (“stacking”) + Spanish vaho (“steam, mist”).
* Evolution of Spanish bello vado (“beautiful river crossing”), from the Roman name, Latin bellum vadum.
* From Basque billa-ibaia-bao (“river cove”).

Bilbao (the largest city in the Basque Country, in northern Spain, and capital city of the province of Biscay, Spain)


bahía

→ Cebuano: bahiya

Borrowed from French baie, from Late Latin baia, perhaps of Iberian origin.


habanero

es-noun

habanero m (plural habaneros, feminine habanera, feminine plural habaneras)

habaneros (plural)
habanera (feminine)
habaneras (feminine plural)


Sicilia

Sicily (The largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, an autonomous region of Italy, close to Africa and separated from Tunisia and Libya by the Strait of Sicily)


argentinidad

Quality or condition of being Argentinian


Europa

→⇒ Ye'kwana: Eudojanña

Europe (the portion of Eurasia west of the Urals, traditionally considered a continent in its own right, located north of Africa, west of Asia and east of the Atlantic Ocean)

(astronomy) Europa (large moon of Jupiter)


garganta

Brill Publishers
The Life of Gargantua and of Pantagruel

q

French: Gargantua (a character from François Rabelais's 16th-century pentalogy The Life of Gargantua and of Pantagruel.)

English: gargantuan

French: gargantuesque

→ Haitian Creole: gagann

[ɡaɾˈɣ̞ãn̪.t̪a]

From a substrate language *gʷr̥h₃gn̥t- (“throat”), cognate with Proto-Celtic *brāgants (“neck, throat”) and English craw (from Proto-Germanic *k(w)ragan(þ)-), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“to swallow”). Alternatively, onomatopoeic. Compare English gargle.


porteño

es-adj

porteño (feminine porteña, masculine plural porteños, feminine plural porteñas)

porteña (feminine)
porteños (masculine plural)
porteñas (feminine plural)

El Puerto de Santa María
El Puerto de Santa María

(Spain) native to or inhabiting the port town of El Puerto de Santa María

Coordinate term: bonaerense

(Argentina) native to or inhabiting the port town of Buenos Aires


porteño

es-noun

porteño m (plural porteños, feminine porteña, feminine plural porteñas)

porteños (plural)
porteña (feminine)
porteñas (feminine plural)

Coordinate term: bonaerense

(Argentina) Porteño, a person native to or inhabiting the port town of Buenos Aires


playa

Cebuano: aplaya

Papiamentu: playa

Tagalog: aplaya

→ English: playa

Inherited from Late Latin plagia, from Latin plaga. Compare Portuguese praia, French plage, Italian spiaggia.


romano

romano m (plural romanos, feminine romana, feminine plural romanas)

romanos (plural)
romana (feminine)
romanas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin rōmānus. Cognate with English Roman. Doublet of rumano.

Roman (native or inhabitant of Rome (capital of Italy)) (male or of unspecified gender)


Zaire

(historical) Zaire (A former country (1971–1997) in Central Africa; now the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


Türkiye

(neologism) Türkiye, Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


vietnamita

es-adj

vietnamita m or f (masculine and feminine plural vietnamitas)


laguna

Inherited from Latin lacūna. Cognate with English lagoon and lacuna.

lake, pond, pool (smaller than lago but bigger than charca)


EE. UU.

Initialism of Estados Unidos (“United States”).

initialism of

Básicamente, los EE. UU. quieren que allí no aparezcan graves problemas que requieran la atención y los recursos que deben usarse en otras partes.

Basically, the USA wants to keep serious problems from appearing there that would require attention and resources that should be used elsewhere.


Estados Unidos

United States (a country in North America)


Grecia

Borrowed from Latin Graecia, from Ancient Greek Γραικός (Graikós).

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


Siria

From Latin Syria, from Ancient Greek Συρία (Suría).

Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Gibraltar

Gibraltar (a peninsula, city, and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, at the southern end of Iberia)


Iberia

Borrowed from Latin Ibēria, from Ancient Greek Ἰβηρία (Ibēría), after the river Ἶβηρος (Îbēros), which itself came from Celtiberian *Ibēr, native name for the river (modern Ebro).

Iberian peninsula
Iberian peninsula#English

Iberia, the Iberian peninsula (A region of Europe south of the Pyrenees, consisting of Andorra, Spain, Portugal, and Gibraltar)


Francia

→ Tagalog: Pransiya

→⇒ Ye'kwana: Judansianña


sueco

es-noun

sueco m (plural suecos, feminine sueca, feminine plural suecas)

suecos (plural)
sueca (feminine)
suecas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Suecus, ultimately from Latin Suiōnēs (“Swedes”) (in Tacitus); cognate with Old English Swēon (“Swedes”).


Alaska

Borrowed from English Alaska, ultimately from Aleut alaxsxaq.

Alabama · Alaska · Arizona · Arkansas · California · Colorado · Connecticut · Delaware · Florida · Georgia · Hawái · Idaho · Illinois · Indiana · Iowa · Kansas · Kentucky · Luisiana · Maine · Maryland · Massachusetts · Míchigan · Minnesota · Misisipi · Misuri · Montana · Nebraska · Nevada · Nuevo Hampshire · Nueva Jersey · Nuevo México · Nueva York · Carolina del Norte · Dakota del Norte · Ohio · Oklahoma · Oregón · Pensilvania · Rhode Island · Carolina del Sur · Dakota del Sur · Tennessee · Texas · Utah · Vermont · Virginia · Washington · Virginia Occidental · Wisconsin · Wyoming

Samoa Americana · Guam · Islas Marianas del Norte · Puerto Rico · islas Ultramarinas Menores de los Estados Unidos · Islas Vírgenes de los Estados Unidos


iraquí

es-adj

iraquí m or f (masculine and feminine plural iraquís or iraquíes)

iraquís (feminine masculine plural)
iraquíes (feminine masculine plural)


iraquí

es-noun

iraquí m or f by sense (plural iraquís or iraquíes)


Irak

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Connecticut

Connecticut (a state of the United States)


Massachusetts

Massachusetts (a state of the United States)


Rhode Island

Rhode Island (a state of the United States)


Tennessee

Tennessee (a state of the United States)


Washington

Washington (a state of the United States)


Wisconsin

Wisconsin (a state of the United States)


Wyoming

Unadapted borrowing from English Wyoming.


UE

Initialism of Unión Europea. (English: EU)


caldera

→ English: caldera

→ Italian: caldera

From Late Latin caldāria (“cooking-pot”), caldārium, derived from Latin caldus (“hot”). Doublet of caldero.


Chicago

less common, imitating English pronunciation

Chicago (a large city in Illinois, United States)


Boston

Boston (the capital and largest city of Massachusetts, United States)


Austin

Austin (a city, the state capital of Texas, United States)


inglés

Borrowed from Old French angleis, from Old English Englisc. Compare Portuguese inglês and Italian inglese.

Hablo inglés.


Huang He

Yellow River (a river in northern China)


taekwondo

Borrowed from Korean 태권도(跆拳道) (taegwondo).


francés

es-noun

francés m (plural franceses, feminine francesa, feminine plural francesas)

franceses (plural)
francesa (feminine)
francesas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin francēnsis. By surface analysis, Francia + -és.


altiplano

La Mancha es un altiplano.


yarda

[ˈɟ͡ʝaɾ.ð̞a]

[ˈɟ͡ʝaɾ.ð̞a]

Borrowed from English yard. Cognate with Portuguese jarda.


uruguayo

es-adj

uruguayo (feminine uruguaya, masculine plural uruguayos, feminine plural uruguayas)

uruguaya (feminine)
uruguayos (masculine plural)
uruguayas (feminine plural)


uruguayo

es-noun

uruguayo m (plural uruguayos, feminine uruguaya, feminine plural uruguayas)

uruguayos (plural)
uruguaya (feminine)
uruguayas (feminine plural)


ucraniano

es-adj

ucraniano (feminine ucraniana, masculine plural ucranianos, feminine plural ucranianas)

ucraniana (feminine)
ucranianos (masculine plural)
ucranianas (feminine plural)


ugandés

ugandés (feminine ugandesa, masculine plural ugandeses, feminine plural ugandesas)

ugandesa (feminine)
ugandeses (masculine plural)
ugandesas (feminine plural)


ugandés

es-noun

ugandés m (plural ugandeses, feminine ugandesa, feminine plural ugandesas)

ugandeses (plural)
ugandesa (feminine)
ugandesas (feminine plural)


cuarto

→ Tagalog: kuwarto

From Latin quartus. Doublet of cuarta. The sense of room is after a common division of houses (4 or 5 sections). As a unit of English measure, calque of English quart. Compare English quarter.

fourth, quarter (one of four equal divisions of a whole)

(historical) cuarto, quarter-sack (a traditional unit of dry measure equal to ¹⁄₄ saco, equivalent to about 27.8 L)

(genealogy) line, lineage (any of the four main lines of ancestry through one's various grandparents)

lot (a piece of real estate, especially one of the divisions of a large piece of land being put to sale)


rodio

rodio m (plural rodios, feminine rodia, feminine plural rodias)

rodios (plural)
rodia (feminine)
rodias (feminine plural)

Rhodian (native or inhabitant of Rhodes, Greece) (male or of unspecified gender)


indio

indio m (plural indios, feminine india, feminine plural indias)

indios (plural)
india (feminine)
indias (feminine plural)


Filipinas

en:Filipinas
es:Felipe II de España
es:Filipinas

From Felipe + -inas. Originally las Islas Filipinas (literally “the Philippine Isles”), named after Felipe II de España (“Philip II of Spain”).

Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


jamaiquino

jamaiquino m (plural jamaiquinos, feminine jamaiquina, feminine plural jamaiquinas)

jamaiquinos (plural)
jamaiquina (feminine)
jamaiquinas (feminine plural)


jamaiquino

es-adj

jamaiquino (feminine jamaiquina, masculine plural jamaiquinos, feminine plural jamaiquinas)

jamaiquina (feminine)
jamaiquinos (masculine plural)
jamaiquinas (feminine plural)


jordano

es-noun

jordano m (plural jordanos, feminine jordana, feminine plural jordanas)

jordanos (plural)
jordana (feminine)
jordanas (feminine plural)


jordano

es-adj

jordano (feminine jordana, masculine plural jordanos, feminine plural jordanas)

jordana (feminine)
jordanos (masculine plural)
jordanas (feminine plural)


quiteño

es-noun

quiteño m (plural quiteños, feminine quiteña, feminine plural quiteñas)

quiteños (plural)
quiteña (feminine)
quiteñas (feminine plural)

native or inhabitant of Quito (male or of unspecified gender)


Polonia

Meronym: Varsovia


Serbia

Serbia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Montenegro

Montenegro (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


peruano

peruano m (plural peruanos, feminine peruana, feminine plural peruanas)

peruanos (plural)
peruana (feminine)
peruanas (feminine plural)

Peruvian (native or inhabitant of Peru) (male or of unspecified gender)


Ciro

Borrowed from Latin Cyrus, from Ancient Greek Κῦρος (Kûros), from Old Persian 𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁 (ku-u-ru-u-š /Kuruš/).


Colonia

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

Cologne (the largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia, in northwestern Germany)


Granada

English: Granada

French: Grenade

English: Grenada

Turkish: Gırnata, Granada

From Arabic غَرْنَاطَة (Ḡarnāṭa), originally the name of a medieval suburb that was incorporated into the city.

bor

Arabic غَرْنَاطَة (Ḡarnāṭa)


Macao

From Portuguese Macau. See there for more info.

Macau (a city and special administrative region of China)


Paz

paz (“peace”), shortened from María (de la) Paz, a Roman Catholic epithet of the Virgin Mary as "Our Lady of Peace" .


Popo

Clipping of Popocatépetl, a popular nickname for the volcano


Ángeles

From ángeles (“angels”), shortened from María (de los) Ángeles, a Roman Catholic epithet of the Virgin Mary as the Queen of Angels.
The city is shortened from El Pueblo de los Ángeles, after the Holy Guardian Angels (Santos Ángeles Custodios). Originally named Culiat.

Angeles (the largest city in Pampanga, Philippines)


navajo

es-adj

navajo (feminine navaja, masculine plural navajos, feminine plural navajas)

navaja (feminine)
navajos (masculine plural)
navajas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Tewa navahu (“field adjoining an arroyo”).


navajo

es-noun

navajo m (plural navajos, feminine navaja, feminine plural navajas)

navajos (plural)
navaja (feminine)
navajas (feminine plural)

Y para pararse a comer en el Blue Pot Café, gestionado por indios navajos en Kayenta, de camino hacia Mexican Hat. Con ventiladores en lugar de aire acondicionado y con platos de cerámica en lugar de vasos de plástico, es único en la zona y, naturalmente, también el más sostenible.

2015 September 18, “Estados Unidos en 10 saltos”, in El País:

And to stop to eat at the Blue Pot Café, run by Navajo Indians in Kayenta, on the way to Mexican Hat. With fans instead of air conditioning and with ceramic plates instead of plastic cups, it is unique in the area and, naturally, also the most sustainable.


Inglaterra

→ Tagalog: Inglatera

Calque of English England. Cognate with Medieval Latin Angliterra.


Alemania

Old Alemannic Alamanni (“all people”), an ancient conglomeration of Teutonic tribes.


Tierra del Fuego

la Tierra del Fuego (canonical feminine)

Literally, “Land of Fire”, reportedly named so by Ferdinand Magellan after the many fires lit up by the local population.


Islandia

→ Tagalog: Islandya

Todos somos Islandia.


americano

es-adj

americano (feminine americana, masculine plural americanos, feminine plural americanas)

americana (feminine)
americanos (masculine plural)
americanas (feminine plural)

(proscribed) American, US-American (of, from or relating to the United States)


americano

es-noun

americano m (plural americanos, feminine americana, feminine plural americanas)

americanos (plural)
americana (feminine)
americanas (feminine plural)

→ Navajo: bilagáana

→ Hopi: Pölakaana

→ Tagalog: Amerikano, Kano

→ Cebuano: Amerikano

(proscribed) American, US-American (native or inhabitant of the United States) (male or of unspecified gender)


monte

(Dominican Republic, Mexico, singular only) underbrush

(Dominican Republic, Mexico, singular only) weeds


Perú

Possibly from Quechua pelu (“river”), or the name of a ruler. More at Peru.


Panamá

→ Central Huasteca Nahuatl: Panamá

→ Central Nahuatl: Panama

→ Dutch: Panama

desctree

→ English: Panama, Panamá
→ Chinese: 巴拿馬 /巴拿马 (Bānámǎ)
→ Rarotongan: Panama

→ Finnish: Panama

→ French: Panamá

→ German: Panama

→ Hungarian: Panama

→ Italian: Panama

→ New Latin: Panama

→ Polish: Panama

→ Portuguese: Panamá

→ Tagalog: Panama


Bohemia

Bohemia (a region of the Czech Republic)


perestroika

Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”).

bor+

перестро́йка


filipino

es-adj

filipino (feminine filipina, masculine plural filipinos, feminine plural filipinas)

filipina (feminine)
filipinos (masculine plural)
filipinas (feminine plural)

King Philip II of Spain
es:Categoría:Filipinos

From Felipe + -ino, demonym to las Islas Filipinas (“The Philippine Islands (P.I.); The Philippines”), after El Rey Felipe II de España (“King Philip II of Spain”).

Filipino (of or pertaining to the Philippines or its people, language, and culture)


filipino

es-noun

filipino m (plural filipinos, feminine filipina, feminine plural filipinas)

filipinos (plural)
filipina (feminine)
filipinas (feminine plural)

Filipino (a citizen or local inhabitant of the Philippines and those descending from such, especially a male)


filipino

→ English: Filipino

→ Tagalog: Pilipino

Filipino (language) (the national language of the Philippines, based on Tagalog)


Sahel

Sahel (semiarid region in northern Africa)


Ucrania

→ Tagalog: Ukranya

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Nilo

Inherited from Old Spanish Nilo, from Latin Nīlus, from Ancient Greek Νεῖλος (Neîlos), of Semitic origin (compare Arabic نهر (nahr), Aramaic נהרא (nahrā), Hebrew נהר (nahar, “river”)).


finlandés

es-adj

finlandés (feminine finlandesa, masculine plural finlandeses, feminine plural finlandesas)

finlandesa (feminine)
finlandeses (masculine plural)
finlandesas (feminine plural)


Atlanta

Atlanta (the capital city of Georgia, United States)


peruviano

es-noun

peruviano m (plural peruvianos, feminine peruviana, feminine plural peruvianas)

peruvianos (plural)
peruviana (feminine)
peruvianas (feminine plural)


montaña

→ English: Montana

Inherited from Old Spanish montanna, from Early Medieval Latin montānia, a collective based on Latin montem.


Tokio

Tokyo (a prefecture, the capital and largest city of Japan)


paulistano

paulistano m (plural paulistanos, feminine paulistana, feminine plural paulistanas)

paulistanos (plural)
paulistana (feminine)
paulistanas (feminine plural)

(demonym) Paulistano, someone born in, or an inhabitant of, the municipality of São Paulo, Brazil


Singapur

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


Lisboa

Borrowed from Portuguese Lisboa, displacing Spanish Lisbona, both from Latin Olisīpō.


kawaii

Borrowed from Japanese 可愛い, かわいい (kawaii, “lovable, adorable; cute”).

kawaii (cute, in the context of Japanese culture)


ribera

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin rīpāria.

inh+

las aves pescan en la ribera


istmo

Learned borrowing from Latin isthmus, from Ancient Greek ῐ̓σθμός (ĭsthmós, “neck”).

(geography) isthmus (narrow strip of land)


marco

Borrowed from Medieval Latin marcus, from Frankish *mark (“mark, sign”), from Proto-Germanic *marką. As a German currency, a calque of German Mark. As a Finnish currency, a calque of Finnish markka, via Old Swedish mark. Cognate with English mark, Catalan marc, and Galician and Portuguese marco.


Londres

→ Tagalog: Londres

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


fuente

Inherited from Old Spanish fuente, fuent, fuant, from Latin fontem m, from Proto-Indo-European.

tanto va el cántaro a la fuente que al final se rompe


continente

→ Basque: kontinente

→ Tagalog: kontinente


colina

Borrowed from Italian collina, from Late Latin collīna, from the feminine of Latin collīnus, from collis (“hill”) + -ina, from Proto-Indo-European *kl̥Hnís (“top, hill, rock”).


Suiza

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Líbano

Learned borrowing from Latin Libanus, from Ancient Greek Λίβανος (Líbanos), from a Semitic source.

Lebanon (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


isla

Chavacano: isla

Chamicuro: yishla

Papiamentu: isla

→ Basque: irla

→ Cebuano: isla

→ Ilocano: isla

→ Inabaknon: isla

→ Tagalog: ísla

Inherited from Old Spanish isla, from Vulgar Latin *īsula, from Latin īnsula (compare Catalan illa, French île, Galician insua, Italian isola, Portuguese ínsua). Doublet of ínsula, a borrowing. Cognate with English isle.

island (area of land surrounded by water)


cordillera

→ English: cordillera

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines

Inherited from Old Spanish cordilla, cordiella, diminutive of cuerda (“a rope, string”). See English cord.


kendo

Borrowed from Japanese 剣道 (kendō, “the way of the sword”).


Cantabria

Cantabria (an autonomous community and province of Spain; capital: Santander)


Moscú

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)


Kosovo

Kosovo (A partly-recognized country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Andes

Borrowed from Quechua anti (“east”). More at Andes.


Calgary

Calgary (the largest city in Alberta, Canada)


alemán

es-noun

alemán m (plural alemanes, feminine alemana, feminine plural alemanas)

alemanes (plural)
alemana (feminine)
alemanas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from French allemand, from Late Latin Alemannus, from Proto-Germanic *Alamann-, most likely from the roots of all + man.

Esta mañana llegaron unos alemanes a Bogotá.
This morning, some Germans arrived at Bogotá.

German (native or inhabitant of Germany) (male or of unspecified gender)


rupia

any of several current and historical currencies, including the rupee, rupiah, and rupia


puerto

Inherited from Old Spanish puerto, from Latin portus, from Proto-Italic *portus, from Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”), from *per- (“to go forth, to cross”).


andaluz

andaluz m (plural andaluces, feminine andaluza, feminine plural andaluzas)

andaluces (plural)
andaluza (feminine)
andaluzas (feminine plural)

native or inhabitant of Andalusia (male or of unspecified gender)


piscina

Learned borrowing from Latin piscīna (“fishpond; swimming pool”), from piscis (“fish”), from Proto-Indo-European *peysk-. Doublet of pecina.


Galicia

Borrowed from Portuguese or Galician Galicia, from Medieval Latin Gallicia, from Classical Latin Gallaecia, from Gallaecī (“a tribe in the region”). According to Menéndez Pidal, this term replaced Old Spanish Gallizia.

2021 January 15, “El IPC cierra el año en negativo en Galicia por primera vez desde 2015”, in La Región:

The consumption price index meets the end of the year in the negative in Galicia for the first time since 2015.

Galicia (an autonomous community of Spain)


Indochina

Indochina (a region and peninsula in Southeast Asia)


albanés

es-adj

albanés (feminine albanesa, masculine plural albaneses, feminine plural albanesas)

albanesa (feminine)
albaneses (masculine plural)
albanesas (feminine plural)


fluminense

fluminense m or f (masculine and feminine plural fluminenses)

of, from or relating to Rio de Janeiro (state of Brazil)


fluminense

es-noun

fluminense m or f by sense (plural fluminenses)

native or inhabitant of Rio de Janeiro (state of Brazil)


venezolano

venezolano m (plural venezolanos, feminine venezolana, feminine plural venezolanas)

venezolanos (plural)
venezolana (feminine)
venezolanas (feminine plural)


San José

San Jose (a city in California, United States)


Lyon

Lyon, Lyons (the capital city of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France)


Leeds

Leeds (a large city and metropolitan borough of West Yorkshire, England)

leodensiano

Leodensian, a native or resident of Leeds


pupusa

→ English: pupusa

Borrowed from Pipil pupusawa (“swollen”). However, linguist Alan King, who has worked on Pipil Nawat, asserts this word is spurious, invented by Salvadoran linguist Pedro Geoffroy Rivas. The word is also absent from Lyle Campbell's lexicon.


chaebol

(business) chaebol (a large, family-controlled, South Korean business conglomerate)


sardo

es-adj

sardo (feminine sarda, masculine plural sardos, feminine plural sardas)

sarda (feminine)
sardos (masculine plural)
sardas (feminine plural)


estrecho

Inherited from Old Spanish estrecho, from Latin strictus. Doublet of estricto, which was borrowed from Latin.


turco

turco (feminine turca, masculine plural turcos, feminine plural turcas)

turca (feminine)
turcos (masculine plural)
turcas (feminine plural)


turco

es-noun

turco m (plural turcos, feminine turca, feminine plural turcas)

turcos (plural)
turca (feminine)
turcas (feminine plural)

nationality; ethnicity; nationality; ethnicity

(nationality, ethnicity, Latin America) an Arab or Jew


Orlando

Borrowed from Italian Orlando, Doublet of Rolando

Orlando (a city, the county seat of Orange County, Florida, United States, see Orlando, Florida)


rus

(historical) Rus (Scandinavian settlers and merchants in Eastern Europe, particularly in Kievan Rus')


boricua

es-adj

boricua m or f (masculine and feminine plural boricuas)


boricua

es-noun

boricua m or f by sense (plural boricuas)

→ English: boricua


puertorriqueño

es-adj

puertorriqueño (feminine puertorriqueña, masculine plural puertorriqueños, feminine plural puertorriqueñas)

puertorriqueña (feminine)
puertorriqueños (masculine plural)
puertorriqueñas (feminine plural)

Puerto Rican (of, from or relating to Puerto Rico)


puertorriqueño

es-noun

puertorriqueño m (plural puertorriqueños, feminine puertorriqueña, feminine plural puertorriqueñas)

puertorriqueños (plural)
puertorriqueña (feminine)
puertorriqueñas (feminine plural)

Puerto Rican (native or inhabitant of Puerto Rico) (male or of unspecified gender)


Siam

(historical) Siam (The former name of Thailand, a country in Southeast Asia)


Corea

Korea (two countries of East Asia, North Korea and South Korea; the peninsula containing these two countries)


Albuquerque

Albuquerque (a city in New Mexico, United States)


Düsseldorf

Unadapted borrowing from German Düsseldorf, from the river Düssel + Dorf (“village”).

ubor

Düsseldorf (the capital city of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany)


Toulouse

Borrowed from Latin Toulouse, from Latin Tolōsa, probably of Gaulish origin.

Toulouse (the capital city of the Haute-Garonne department, France; capital city of the region of Occitanie)


Sevilla

Borrowed from Arabic إِشْبِيلِيَة (ʔišbīliya), a deformation of the Latin Hispalis, ultimately from Phoenician 𐤔𐤐𐤋𐤄 (šplh /sefela/, “valley, plain”).

bor+

إِشْبِيلِيَة

der

Seville (the capital city of Andalusia, Spain)


malgache

es-adj

malgache m or f (masculine and feminine plural malgaches)


malgache

es-noun

malgache m or f by sense (plural malgaches)


Extremadura

Believed to derive from Latin Extrēma Dūriī, alluding to the fact that the province is located beyond the Douro river.

Extremadura (an autonomous community of Spain)


Comores

Union of the Comoros
Union of the Comoros

Comoros (A country and group of islands in the Indian Ocean off the coast of East Africa)

Comoros (an archipelago consisting of the Union of the Comoros and the French overseas department of Mayotte)


quinceañera

From quince años (“fifteen years”) + -era, with implied fiesta (“party”) when referring to the celebration.

(Latin America, chiefly Mexico and US, only in the feminine) quinceañera (fifteenth birthday celebration for a young woman)


Murcia

Various theories exist, the most common that it derived from Latin Myrta or Murtea, meaning the land of myrtle (see Latin myrta), or from Latin Murtia, from the name Murtius.

Murcia (an autonomous community and province of Spain)


Palaos

Ultimately from Palauan Belau (“Palau”).

Palau (A country consisting of around 340 islands in Micronesia, in Oceania)


Bermudas

Bermuda (an archipelago and overseas territory of the United Kingdom in the North Atlantic Ocean)


Castilla

→ French: Castille

→ English: Castile

desctree

→ Classical Nahuatl: Caxtillan
→ Kaqchikel: kaxlan

→ Pipil: caztiyah

→ Tagalog: Kastila

Inherited from Old Spanish Castiella, based on castiello (“castle”).


Cataluña

Catalonia (an autonomous community of Spain)


Aragón

Named after the river Aragón in Spain. The river name is of obscure origin, but possibly from Basque haran (“valley”).

Aragon (an autonomous community of Spain)


País Vasco

Basque Country (an autonomous community of Spain)


Navarra

Believed to be of Basque origin, possibly from nabar (“brownish, multicolored”), or from naba (“valley”) + herri (“land, people”). More at Navarre.

Navarre (an autonomous community and province of Spain; capital: Pamplona)


Santa Fe

Santa Fe (the capital city of New Mexico and the county seat of Santa Fe County)


Praga

Prague (the capital city of the Czech Republic)


Irán

Borrowed from Persian ایران (irân), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ērān, “(land) of the Iranians”).

der

Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Bélgica

→ Tagalog: Bélhika

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Holanda

→ Tagalog: Olanda

Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)


Dinamarca

→ Tagalog: Dinamarka


Irlanda

→ Tagalog: Irlanda


Marcha Real

Marcha Real (the national anthem of Spain)


Gran Bretaña

→ Tagalog: Gran Britanya


cubano

es-noun

cubano m (plural cubanos, feminine cubana, feminine plural cubanas)

cubanos (plural)
cubana (feminine)
cubanas (feminine plural)


siciliano

es-adj

siciliano (feminine siciliana, masculine plural sicilianos, feminine plural sicilianas)

siciliana (feminine)
sicilianos (masculine plural)
sicilianas (feminine plural)


Jordania

Jordan (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Danubio

Learned borrowing from Latin Dānubius, from Proto-Celtic *Dānowyos, an extended form of the river-name *Dānu, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₂nu (“river goddess”), akin to *dʰenh₂- (“to set in motion; to flow”).


jiu-jitsu

jujitsu (a Brazilian martial art based on jiu-jitsu)


portugués

es-adj

portugués (feminine portuguesa, masculine plural portugueses, feminine plural portuguesas)

portuguesa (feminine)
portugueses (masculine plural)
portuguesas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Portuguese português, replacing earlier portugalés, portogalés.


andorrano

es-noun

andorrano m (plural andorranos, feminine andorrana, feminine plural andorranas)

andorranos (plural)
andorrana (feminine)
andorranas (feminine plural)

Andorran (native or inhabitant of Andorra) (male or of unspecified gender)


maltés

es-adj

maltés (feminine maltesa, masculine plural malteses, feminine plural maltesas)

maltesa (feminine)
malteses (masculine plural)
maltesas (feminine plural)


Ciudad del Vaticano

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy)


irlandés

irlandés (feminine irlandesa, masculine plural irlandeses, feminine plural irlandesas)

irlandesa (feminine)
irlandeses (masculine plural)
irlandesas (feminine plural)


irlandés

→ Tagalog: Irlandes


paraguariense

es-noun

paraguariense m or f by sense (plural paraguarienses)

native or inhabitant of Paraguarí, Paraguay


paraguayo

es-adj

paraguayo (feminine paraguaya, masculine plural paraguayos, feminine plural paraguayas)

paraguaya (feminine)
paraguayos (masculine plural)
paraguayas (feminine plural)


paraguayo

es-noun

paraguayo m (plural paraguayos, feminine paraguaya, feminine plural paraguayas)

paraguayos (plural)
paraguaya (feminine)
paraguayas (feminine plural)


Indo

Borrowed from Latin Indus, from Ancient Greek Ἰνδός (Indós), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁 (hiⁿduš), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sindʰus or Sanskrit सिन्धु (síndhu).

Indus (a large river in south-central Asia, rising in China (Tibet) and flowing through India and Pakistan to the Arabian Sea)


sino-

From Medieval Latin Sina (“China”), from Latin Sinae (“the Southern Chinese; Southern China”), from Ancient Greek Σῖναι (Sînai), q.v.


Berlín

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)


Changchun

Changchun (a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Jilin, in northeastern China)


Chongqing

Borrowed from Mandarin 重慶 /重庆 (Chóngqìng).

bor+

Chongqing (a direct-administered municipality and city in western China)


Wuhan

En el distrito de Qiaokou de Wuhan, en la comunidad de apartamentos de Zirun Mingyuan donde viven unas 10.000 personas, hombres, mujeres y niños estaban parados bajo los paraguas mientras esperaban hacerse la prueba en cuatro puntos ubicados en el centro del complejo.

2020 May 14, Brenda Goh, Roxanne Liu, Ryan Woo, “Residentes de Wuhan participan en campaña de pruebas masivas de COVID-19”, in Daniela Desantis, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-08-20, NOTICIAS GLOBALES:

In Wuhan’s Qiaokou district, at the Zirun Mingyuan apartment community where about 10,000 people live, men, women and children stood under umbrellas while elderly residents perched on stools as they waited to get tested at four sites set up in the middle of the compound.

Wuhan (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Hubei, China)


Baotou

Baotou (a prefecture-level city, the largest city in Inner Mongolia, in northern China)


Kunming

Kunming (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Yunnan, in southwestern China)


Taiyuan

Taiyuan (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Shanxi, in northern China)


tuya

Borrowed from New Latin thuja, from Ancient Greek θυία (thuía), an African tree that was formerly included in the genus.


Andalucía

From the Arabic الْأَنْدَلُس (al-ʔandalus), الْأَنْدُلُس (al-ʔandulus, “Iberia”), from Vulgar Latin *Vandalicia (“land of the Vandals”), or possibly from Vandalic *Wandalitia (“land of the Vandals”) (or *Vandalitia) of the same Latin source, from Proto-Germanic *wandilaz. Alternatively, Halm (1989) suggests it may derive from (unattested) Gothic *𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍄𐍃 (*landahlauts), from 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 (land, “land”) + 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍄𐍃 (hlauts, “allotment, inheritance”).

der

الْأَنْدَلُس

*𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍄𐍃

Andalusia (an autonomous community of Spain)


neerlandés

es-adj

neerlandés (feminine neerlandesa, masculine plural neerlandeses, feminine plural neerlandesas)

neerlandesa (feminine)
neerlandeses (masculine plural)
neerlandesas (feminine plural)


cañón

From caño (“tube, pipe”) + -ón (augmentative).

suffix

(Mexico, colloquial) powerful, intense, difficult


Escocia

→ Central Nahuatl: Escocia

→ Tagalog: Eskosya

Borrowed from Latin Scotia. Compare French Écosse, Italian Scozia,
Norman Êcosse, Portuguese Escócia, Romanian Scoția and Sicilian Scozzia.


golfo

Inherited from Vulgar Latin or Late Latin colfus, colphus, culfus, alteration of colpus following hypercorrection of the popular pronunciation of Latin 'ph' as 'p', itself from Ancient Greek κόλπος (kólpos).


escocés

es-adj

escocés (feminine escocesa, masculine plural escoceses, feminine plural escocesas)

escocesa (feminine)
escoceses (masculine plural)
escocesas (feminine plural)

Fue fundado en 1263 por Jean de Bailleul, señor escocés de origen normando, bajo el auspicio del obispo de Durham.
It was founded in 1263 by Jean de Bailleul, a Scottish man of Norman origin, under the auspices of the bishop of Durham.
(W)


británico

británico (feminine británica, masculine plural británicos, feminine plural británicas)

británica (feminine)
británicos (masculine plural)
británicas (feminine plural)

British (from or native to Britain, in both the historical and modern senses)


belga

belga m or f (masculine and feminine plural belgas)


holandés

holandés (feminine holandesa, masculine plural holandeses, feminine plural holandesas)

holandesa (feminine)
holandeses (masculine plural)
holandesas (feminine plural)


Países Bajos

From país (“country”) + bajos (“low”), a calque of Dutch Nederland. Compare French Pays-Bas.

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

constituent countries
constituent country

Netherlands (The main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium)

Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)


islandés

islandés (feminine islandesa, masculine plural islandeses, feminine plural islandesas)

islandesa (feminine)
islandeses (masculine plural)
islandesas (feminine plural)

From Islandia + -és with the -ia absorbed or clipped.

Björk es una cantante islandesa.


danés

danés (feminine danesa, masculine plural daneses, feminine plural danesas)

danesa (feminine)
daneses (masculine plural)
danesas (feminine plural)


danés

es-noun

danés m (plural daneses, feminine danesa, feminine plural danesas)

daneses (plural)
danesa (feminine)
danesas (feminine plural)

Dane (native or inhabitant of Denmark) (male or of unspecified gender)


Letonia

Latvia (a country in Eastern Europe; capital and largest city: Riga)


letón

es-adj

letón (feminine letona, masculine plural letones, feminine plural letonas)

letona (feminine)
letones (masculine plural)
letonas (feminine plural)


lituano

lituano (feminine lituana, masculine plural lituanos, feminine plural lituanas)

lituana (feminine)
lituanos (masculine plural)
lituanas (feminine plural)

Lithuanian (from or native to Lithuania)


estonio

estonio (feminine estonia, masculine plural estonios, feminine plural estonias)

estonia (feminine)
estonios (masculine plural)
estonias (feminine plural)


eslovaco

eslovaco (feminine eslovaca, masculine plural eslovacos, feminine plural eslovacas)

eslovaca (feminine)
eslovacos (masculine plural)
eslovacas (feminine plural)


Eslovenia

Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


esloveno

esloveno (feminine eslovena, masculine plural eslovenos, feminine plural eslovenas)

eslovena (feminine)
eslovenos (masculine plural)
eslovenas (feminine plural)

Slovene, Slovenian (from or native to Slovenia)

Slovene, Slovenian (pertaining to Slovenia)


Croacia

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


croata

croata m or f (masculine and feminine plural croatas)


rumano

rumano (feminine rumana, masculine plural rumanos, feminine plural rumanas)

rumana (feminine)
rumanos (masculine plural)
rumanas (feminine plural)

Based on Romanian român (older form rumân), itself from Latin romānus, whence also Spanish romano.


albano

albano (feminine albana, masculine plural albanos, feminine plural albanas)

albana (feminine)
albanos (masculine plural)
albanas (feminine plural)

Albanian (of a person, from or native to Albania)


búlgaro

búlgaro (feminine búlgara, masculine plural búlgaros, feminine plural búlgaras)

búlgara (feminine)
búlgaros (masculine plural)
búlgaras (feminine plural)


afgano

es-noun

afgano m (plural afganos, feminine afgana, feminine plural afganas)

afganos (plural)
afgana (feminine)
afganas (feminine plural)

Afghan (native or inhabitant of Afghanistan) (male or of unspecified gender)


Estambul

Istanbul (a city and province of Turkey)


Los Ángeles

A clipping of Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles de Porciúncula (“Town of Our Lady the Queen of the Angels of Porziuncola”), taken from the Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí's name for the nearby Los Angeles River, first sighted by the Portolá expedition on August 2, the feast day of the dedication of the chapel of Porziuncola (from Latin portiuncula, “little portion”) in Santa Maria degli Angeli (Italian for “Saint Mary of the Angels”) near Assisi, Italy, where St Francis began his order.

Los Angeles (a large city in California, United States)


Cerdeña

[θeɾˈð̞e.ɲa]

Inherited from Old Spanish Sardenna, from Latin Sardinia. For the change in the initial consonant, cf. Zaragoza, from Old Spanish Saragoça.

Sardinia (an island and autonomous region of Italy, in the Mediterranean Sea)


París

Borrowed from Old French Paris, from Late Latin name of an earlier settlement, Lutetia Parisiorum "Lutetia of the Parisii", from Latin Parisiī, a Gaulish tribe, from Proto-Celtic *par (“boat”).

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


océano

From Latin ōceanus. Cognate with English ocean.


galón

English or American gallon (a unit of liquid measure equivalent to 4.55 or 3.79 L)


galón

→ Tagalog: galon

Borrowed from French galon, from Late Latin galum, galus (“measure of wine”), from Vulgar Latin *galla (“vessel”), possibly from Gaulish [Term?], ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kel- (“goblet”).

tres galones en su uniforme

En esta refriega, Pedro se ganó un galón

1933, Lino Novás Calvo, Blanco, el negrero:


siberiano

es-adj

siberiano (feminine siberiana, masculine plural siberianos, feminine plural siberianas)

siberiana (feminine)
siberianos (masculine plural)
siberianas (feminine plural)


siberiano

es-noun

siberiano m (plural siberianos, feminine siberiana, feminine plural siberianas)

siberianos (plural)
siberiana (feminine)
siberianas (feminine plural)


cueva

Chavacano: cueva

→ Bikol Central: kuweba

→ Cebuano: kuweba

→ Ilocano: kueba

→ Tagalog: kuweba

→ Waray-Waray: kuweba

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *cova, from covus, alternative form of Latin cavus (or from a variant of Late Latin cava, from cavum, cavus), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱówHwos (“cavity”). Compare Portuguese cova. Not related to English cove, despite the similarity in meaning.


toscano

es-adj

toscano (feminine toscana, masculine plural toscanos, feminine plural toscanas)

toscana (feminine)
toscanos (masculine plural)
toscanas (feminine plural)

Tuscan (of, from or relating to Tuscany, Italy)


cabo

Inherited from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput, from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-. Doublet of jefe and chef.

(geography) cape, headland (piece or point of land, extending beyond the adjacent coast into a sea or lake)


milla

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin mīlia (“Roman mile”), plural of mīlle (“thousand”) in reference to its composition of a thousand Roman paces. In reference to the English unit, calqued from English mile. Cognate with Catalan milla and Portuguese milha.

slbor

English or American mile (a unit of distance equivalent to about 1.6 km)

(historical) milla, Spanish mile (a traditional unit of distance equivalent to 1,000 pasos, about 1.4 km)


austriaco

es-adj

austriaco (feminine austriaca, masculine plural austriacos, feminine plural austriacas)

austriaca (feminine)
austriacos (masculine plural)
austriacas (feminine plural)


argentino

es-noun

argentino m (plural argentinos, feminine argentina, feminine plural argentinas)

argentinos (plural)
argentina (feminine)
argentinas (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin argentīnus, from argentum (“silver”).


Afganistán

Ultimately from Classical Persian افغانستان (afğānistān).

der

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia; capital: Kabul)


Copenhague

Borrowed from Danish København, from Old Danish Køpmannæhafn.

Copenhagen (the capital city of Denmark)


flujo

Borrowed from Latin fluxus. Doublet of flojo, which is inherited.


checo

es-adj

checo (feminine checa, masculine plural checos, feminine plural checas)

checa (feminine)
checos (masculine plural)
checas (feminine plural)


República Checa

Czech Republic
Czech Republic#English:_Q213

Czech Republic (a country in Central Europe)


griego

griego (feminine griega, masculine plural griegos, feminine plural griegas)

griega (feminine)
griegos (masculine plural)
griegas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin Graecus. Doublet of greco, which was borrowed.


saco

→ Seri: saaco (“blouse”)

→ Southeastern Tepehuan: saaku

Inherited from Old Spanish saco, from Latin saccus, from Ancient Greek σάκκος (sákkos, “sack, bag; sackcloth”), from Semitic.


dominicano

es-adj

dominicano (feminine dominicana, masculine plural dominicanos, feminine plural dominicanas)

dominicana (feminine)
dominicanos (masculine plural)
dominicanas (feminine plural)

Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic#English

Dominican (of, from or relating to Dominican Republic)


dominicano

es-noun

dominicano m (plural dominicanos, feminine dominicana, feminine plural dominicanas)

dominicanos (plural)
dominicana (feminine)
dominicanas (feminine plural)

Dominican (native or inhabitant of Dominican Republic) (male or of unspecified gender)


acantilado

es-adj

acantilado (feminine acantilada, masculine plural acantilados, feminine plural acantiladas)

acantilada (feminine)
acantilados (masculine plural)
acantiladas (feminine plural)


acantilado

Zinichev, de 55 años, ha caído por un acantilado al tratar de sujetar al director y guionista ruso Alexander Melnik, que resbaló y que también ha fallecido, según ha informado la agencia estatal TASS.

2021 September 8, María R. Sahuquillo, “Muere el ministro de Emergencias de Rusia al caer por un acantilado durante la filmación de unas maniobras en el Ártico”, in El País:

Zinichev, 55, has fallen off a cliff while trying to hold the Russian director and screenwriter Alexander Melnik, who slipped and who has also died, according to the TASS state agency.


paisa

(Colombia, informal) inhabitant of the Paisa Region of northwest Colombia


Europa Central

El resultado es que España, despreciada injustamente en el Congreso de Viena, desacreditada con razón por sus continuas guerras civiles, sus malos gobiernos, su desorden, sus bancarrotas más o menos declaradas, sus inmorales partidos, sus extravagancias, sus toros y sus pronunciamientos, no ha visto nunca, después de 1808, puesta en duda la continuación de su nacionalidad; y aún hoy mismo, cuando parece hemos llegado al último grado del envilecimiento, con más motivos que Polonia para ser repartida, nadie se atreve a intentar la conquista de esta casa de locos. Hombres de poco seso, o sin ninguno en ocasiones, los españoles darán mil caídas hoy como siempre, tropezando y levantándose, en la lucha de sus vicios ingénitos, de las cualidades eminentes que aún conservan, y de las que adquieren lentamente con las ideas que les envía la Europa central.

1873, Benito Pérez Galdós, chapter 30, in Zaragoza:

En vista de los últimos acontecimientos políticos que han tenido como escenario a la totalidad de Europa, sería que el debate sobre este punto se encontrará en el Movimiento Obrero, perspectiva y coordinación en la Europa Central.


República Dominicana

Dominican Republic (a country in the Caribbean)


ruso

es-noun

ruso m (plural rusos, feminine rusa, feminine plural rusas)

rusos (plural)
rusa (feminine)
rusas (feminine plural)

(dated, Latin America) an Ashkenazic Jew


América

(proscribed, Spain) America (the United States of America)


pulgada

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *pollicāta, unit of length derived from Latin pollex (“thumb”). Compare Galician pulgada (which may be borrowed from Spanish) or Portuguese polegada. As an English unit, a calque of English inch.

English or American inch (a unit of length equal to 2.54 cm)

(historical) pulgada, Spanish inch (a former unit of length equivalent to about 2.3 cm)


canadiense

canadiense m or f by sense (plural canadienses)

¿Conoces al canadiense?

Canadian (native or inhabitant of Canada)


canadiense

es-adj

canadiense m or f (masculine and feminine plural canadienses)

No entiendo muy bien el gobierno canadiense.

I don't understand the Canadian government very well.

Canadian (of, from or relating to Canada)


georgiano

georgiano (feminine georgiana, masculine plural georgianos, feminine plural georgianas)

georgiana (feminine)
georgianos (masculine plural)
georgianas (feminine plural)


georgiano

es-noun

georgiano m (plural georgianos, feminine georgiana, feminine plural georgianas)

georgianos (plural)
georgiana (feminine)
georgianas (feminine plural)


Las Vegas

Las Vegas (a city in Nevada, United States)


El Paso

El Paso (a city, the county seat of El Paso County, Texas, United States).


llanura

From llano + -ura. Compare Portuguese planura, Italian pianura.


volcán

→ Bikol Central: bulkan

→ Catalan: volcà

→ Cebuano: bolkan

→ Dupaningan Agta: bulkan

→ French: volcan (see there for further descendants)

→ Tagalog: bulkan

→ Waray-Waray: bulkan

→ Yogad: bulkan

Borrowed from Italian vulcano from Latin Vulcanus (“Vulcan”), from Etruscan [script needed] (Velchans).


Costa de Marfil

Ivory Coast, Côte d'Ivoire (a country in West Africa)


antártico

es-adj

antártico (feminine antártica, masculine plural antárticos, feminine plural antárticas)

antártica (feminine)
antárticos (masculine plural)
antárticas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Latin antarcticus, from Ancient Greek ἀνταρκτικός (antarktikós, “opposite the arctic”).


Oaxaca

Borrowed from Classical Nahuatl Huāxyacac, from Huāxacatzin (“name of a hill”), from huāxin (“horse tamarind tree (Leucaena leucocephala)”) + yacatl (“nose”) + -tzin (“honorific suffix”).


apache

Felis yagouaroundi
Felis yagouaroundi#Translingual


tonelada

From tonel (“tun”) + -ada (“-ful”), from Old French tonel (“little tun, cask”), from tone + -el (“-elle: forming diminutives”), from Late Latin tunna (“tun”), from Proto-Celtic *tunna (“hide, skin”). In reference to the English unit, calqued from English ton. Cognate with Galician and Portuguese tonelada.

English or American ton (a unit of mass equivalent to about 1016 or 907 kg respectively)

(historical) tonelada, Spanish ton (a traditional unit of mass equivalent to about 920 kg)


Níger

Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)

Niger (a major river in West Africa, that flows into the Gulf of Guinea in Nigeria)


Timor Oriental

East Timor (a country in Southeast Asia occupying half the island of Timor)


Kazajistán

Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)

The country is officially known as the República de Kazajistán in Spanish


República Democrática del Congo

[reˌpu.β̞li.ka ð̞e.moˌkɾa.t̪i.ka ð̞el ˈkõŋ.ɡo]

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English:_Q974

Democratic Republic of the Congo (a country in Central Africa)


Jordán

Jordan (a river in Western Asia, in the Middle East, that empties into the Dead Sea, flowing through Israel, the Golan Heights, the West Bank and Jordan)


América del Sur

South America (continent that is the southern part of the Americas)


península

Borrowed from Latin paenīnsula (“peninsula”), from paene (“almost”), and īnsula (“island”).


asiático

es-noun

asiático m (plural asiáticos, feminine asiática, feminine plural asiáticas)

asiáticos (plural)
asiática (feminine)
asiáticas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Latin āsiāticus, from Ancient Greek Ἀσιατικός (Asiatikós).

Asian (person from or descended from people from the Asian continent)


Rumanía

Alternative form of Rumania: Romania (a country in Southeast Europe)


sajón

es-adj

sajón (feminine sajona, masculine plural sajones, feminine plural sajonas)

sajona (feminine)
sajones (masculine plural)
sajonas (feminine plural)


sajón

es-noun

sajón m (plural sajones, feminine sajona, feminine plural sajonas)

sajones (plural)
sajona (feminine)
sajonas (feminine plural)


angolano

es-adj

angolano (feminine angolana, masculine plural angolanos, feminine plural angolanas)

angolana (feminine)
angolanos (masculine plural)
angolanas (feminine plural)


angolano

es-noun

angolano m (plural angolanos, feminine angolana, feminine plural angolanas)

angolanos (plural)
angolana (feminine)
angolanas (feminine plural)


pantano

Borrowed from Italian pantano, which see for more information.


azerbaiyano

es-adj

azerbaiyano (feminine azerbaiyana, masculine plural azerbaiyanos, feminine plural azerbaiyanas)

azerbaiyana (feminine)
azerbaiyanos (masculine plural)
azerbaiyanas (feminine plural)


Kirguizistán

Kyrgyzstan (a country in Central Asia, bordering on Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China)


asturiano

asturiano (feminine asturiana, masculine plural asturianos, feminine plural asturianas)

asturiana (feminine)
asturianos (masculine plural)
asturianas (feminine plural)


asturiano

es-noun

asturiano m (plural asturianos, feminine asturiana, feminine plural asturianas)

asturianos (plural)
asturiana (feminine)
asturianas (feminine plural)


Omán

Oman (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Turkmenistán

Turkmenistan (a country in Central Asia)


brasileño

brasileño m (plural brasileños, feminine brasileña, feminine plural brasileñas)

brasileños (plural)
brasileña (feminine)
brasileñas (feminine plural)

Brazilian (native or inhabitant of Brazil) (male or of unspecified gender)


Aguascalientes

From aguas (“waters”) + calientes (“hot”), because of the many hot springs in the state.


Campeche

From the city of Campeche, from Yucatec Maya Kaan Peech.


Chiapas

From the area's first Spanish encomienda Villa Real de Chiapa (“Royal Town of Chiapa”) or Chiapa de los Indios (“Indian Chiapa”, now Chiapa de Corzo) and long-time capital Chiapa de los Españoles (“Spaniard Chiapa”) or Ciudad Real de Chiapa (“Royal City of Chiapa”, now San Cristóbal de las Casas), all named after the local Chiapaneca people, from Chiapan + -eco (“-ic, -ish”): forming demonyms), from Classical Nahuatl Chiapan, from chia (“chia”) + either -pan (“upon; place of; place of the”) or -apan (“river, stream”), presumably in reference to the Grijalva.


Coahuila

Of Nahuan origin, meaning “place of trees”; compare Classical Nahuatl cuahuitl (“tree, wood”) + -tlān (“place of”).


Durango

[d̪uˈɾãŋ.ɡo]

Named after the city of Durango, in northern Spain, of uncertain origin, probably from Basque Duranco, but possibly from Basque Urazango, Basque Padurango, or a Roman fundus, Late Latin Turanicus. More at Durango on Wikipedia.


Guanajuato

Borrowed from Purepecha Kuanasï Uata (literally “hill of frogs”).


Guerrero

Named after Vicente Guerrero, a revolutionary general in the Mexican War of Independence.


Hidalgo

Named after the Mexican independence leader Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla.


Jalisco

From Classical Nahuatl Xālixco, from xālli (“sand”) + īxtli (“face, surface”) + -co, a locative suffix.


Michoacán

Borrowed from Classical Nahuatl michhuahcān (“place of fish; fishers”), from michhuah (“one who has fish”).


Morelos

Named after José María Morelos, a leader in the Mexican War of Independence.


Nayarit

From Cora Náayerite, named after a chief of the Cora people, Cora Naye.


Nuevo León

Meaning New León, after the Kingdom of León in Spain.


Querétaro

Querétaro (a state of Mexico; capital and largest city: Querétaro)


Quintana Roo

Named after Andrés Quintana Roo, from the Mexican War of Independence.

Quintana Roo (a state of Mexico; capital: Chetumal; largest city: Cancún)


San Luis Potosí

Named after Louis IX of France (in Spanish San Luis Rey de Francia) and Potosí, in reference to the mines of Potosí, in Bolivia.


Tlaxcala

Borrowed from Classical Nahuatl Tlaxcallān, from tlaxcalli (“tortilla”) + -tlān.


Zacatecas

Borrowed from Classical Nahuatl zacatēcah (“people of the place of grass”), from zacatl (“grass”).


Nápoles

Borrowed from Latin Neāpolis, from Ancient Greek Νεάπολις (Neápolis), from νέα (néa, “new”) + πόλις (pólis, “city”).


bielorruso

es-adj

bielorruso (feminine bielorrusa, masculine plural bielorrusos, feminine plural bielorrusas)

bielorrusa (feminine)
bielorrusos (masculine plural)
bielorrusas (feminine plural)


guatemalteco

guatemalteco (feminine guatemalteca, masculine plural guatemaltecos, feminine plural guatemaltecas)

guatemalteca (feminine)
guatemaltecos (masculine plural)
guatemaltecas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from a Nahuan language, equivalent to Classical Nahuatl *Cuauhtēmaltēcah (“people of Iximché”), from Cuauhtēmallān (“Iximché”). C.f. Guatemala.

cog

Guatemalan (pertaining to the nation of Guatemala)

Guatemalan (pertaining to Guatemala City)


guatemalteco

es-noun

guatemalteco m (plural guatemaltecos, feminine guatemalteca, feminine plural guatemaltecas)

guatemaltecos (plural)
guatemalteca (feminine)
guatemaltecas (feminine plural)

Guatemalan (from the nation of Guatemala)


salvadoreño

salvadoreño m (plural salvadoreños, feminine salvadoreña, feminine plural salvadoreñas)

salvadoreños (plural)
salvadoreña (feminine)
salvadoreñas (feminine plural)

→ English: Salvadoreño

→ Italian: salvadoregno

From El Salvador + -eño and San Salvador + -eño.


nicaragüense

es-adj

nicaragüense m or f (masculine and feminine plural nicaragüenses)

nicaragüenses (feminine masculine plural)


nicaragüense

es-noun

nicaragüense m or f by sense (plural nicaragüenses)


colombiano

es-adj

colombiano (feminine colombiana, masculine plural colombianos, feminine plural colombianas)

colombiana (feminine)
colombianos (masculine plural)
colombianas (feminine plural)


colombiano

es-noun

colombiano m (plural colombianos, feminine colombiana, feminine plural colombianas)

colombianos (plural)
colombiana (feminine)
colombianas (feminine plural)


ecuatoriano

ecuatoriano m (plural ecuatorianos, feminine ecuatoriana, feminine plural ecuatorianas)

ecuatorianos (plural)
ecuatoriana (feminine)
ecuatorianas (feminine plural)

From Ecuador, influenced by the original Latin aequātor, + -iano.


chileno

es-adj

chileno (feminine chilena, masculine plural chilenos, feminine plural chilenas)

chilena (feminine)
chilenos (masculine plural)
chilenas (feminine plural)


chileno

es-noun

chileno m (plural chilenos, feminine chilena, feminine plural chilenas)

chilenos (plural)
chilena (feminine)
chilenas (feminine plural)


argelino

es-adj

argelino (feminine argelina, masculine plural argelinos, feminine plural argelinas)

argelina (feminine)
argelinos (masculine plural)
argelinas (feminine plural)

Algerian (of or relating to the nation of Algeria)

Algerian (of or relating to the city of Algiers, Algeria)


argelino

es-noun

argelino m (plural argelinos, feminine argelina, feminine plural argelinas)

argelinos (plural)
argelina (feminine)
argelinas (feminine plural)

Algerian (native or citizen of the nation of Algeria)

Algerian (native or citizen of Algiers, Algeria)


Atlántico

océano Atlántico
océano Atlántico#Spanish

Ellipsis of océano Atlántico (“Atlantic Ocean”).


Arabia Saudita

Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


nigeriano

es-adj

nigeriano (feminine nigeriana, masculine plural nigerianos, feminine plural nigerianas)

nigeriana (feminine)
nigerianos (masculine plural)
nigerianas (feminine plural)


nigeriano

es-noun

nigeriano m (plural nigerianos, feminine nigeriana, feminine plural nigerianas)

nigerianos (plural)
nigeriana (feminine)
nigerianas (feminine plural)


parisino

es-adj

parisino (feminine parisina, masculine plural parisinos, feminine plural parisinas)

parisina (feminine)
parisinos (masculine plural)
parisinas (feminine plural)


parisino

es-noun

parisino m (plural parisinos, feminine parisina, feminine plural parisinas)

parisinos (plural)
parisina (feminine)
parisinas (feminine plural)


lisboeta

lisboeta m or f by sense (plural lisboetas)

Lisboner (native or inhabitant of Lisbon)


neoescocés

es-adj

neoescocés (feminine neoescocesa, masculine plural neoescoceses, feminine plural neoescocesas)

neoescocesa (feminine)
neoescoceses (masculine plural)
neoescocesas (feminine plural)


neoescocés

es-noun

neoescocés m (plural neoescoceses, feminine neoescocesa, feminine plural neoescocesas)

neoescoceses (plural)
neoescocesa (feminine)
neoescocesas (feminine plural)


Chequia

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe; official name: República Checa)


risco

Deverbal from riscar or inherited from Vulgar Latin *resecum.


napolitano

es-adj

napolitano (feminine napolitana, masculine plural napolitanos, feminine plural napolitanas)

napolitana (feminine)
napolitanos (masculine plural)
napolitanas (feminine plural)


sirio

es-noun

sirio m (plural sirios, feminine siria, feminine plural sirias)

sirios (plural)
siria (feminine)
sirias (feminine plural)

Syrian (A person from Syria or of Syrian descent)


Norteamérica

From norte (“north”) + América (“America”).


Viena

Borrowed from Old French Vienne, from Old High German [Term?]. Perhaps, ultimately, from Latin Vindobona.


laosiano

es-adj

laosiano (feminine laosiana, masculine plural laosianos, feminine plural laosianas)

laosiana (feminine)
laosianos (masculine plural)
laosianas (feminine plural)


laosiano

es-noun

laosiano m (plural laosianos, feminine laosiana, feminine plural laosianas)

laosianos (plural)
laosiana (feminine)
laosianas (feminine plural)


Roma

Inherited from Old Spanish Roma, from Latin Rōma.

Los antiguos alcanzaban mayor longevidad, porque eran bautizados con óleos venidos directamente de Roma, que, por cierto, debían tener más virtud y eficacia que los nuestros.

1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 190:


haitiano

es-adj

haitiano (feminine haitiana, masculine plural haitianos, feminine plural haitianas)

haitiana (feminine)
haitianos (masculine plural)
haitianas (feminine plural)


haitiano

es-noun

haitiano m (plural haitianos, feminine haitiana, feminine plural haitianas)

haitianos (plural)
haitiana (feminine)
haitianas (feminine plural)


gambiano

gambiano m (plural gambianos, feminine gambiana, feminine plural gambianas)

gambianos (plural)
gambiana (feminine)
gambianas (feminine plural)

Gambian (native or inhabitant of the Gambia) (male or of unspecified gender)


birmano

es-adj

birmano (feminine birmana, masculine plural birmanos, feminine plural birmanas)

birmana (feminine)
birmanos (masculine plural)
birmanas (feminine plural)

Burmese (pertaining to Burma or its contemporary name, Myanmar)


samoano

samoano (feminine samoana, masculine plural samoanos, feminine plural samoanas)

samoana (feminine)
samoanos (masculine plural)
samoanas (feminine plural)


nigerino

nigerino (feminine nigerina, masculine plural nigerinos, feminine plural nigerinas)

nigerina (feminine)
nigerinos (masculine plural)
nigerinas (feminine plural)


nigerino

es-noun

nigerino m (plural nigerinos, feminine nigerina, feminine plural nigerinas)

nigerinos (plural)
nigerina (feminine)
nigerinas (feminine plural)


papuano

papuano m (plural papuanos, feminine papuana, feminine plural papuanas)

papuanos (plural)
papuana (feminine)
papuanas (feminine plural)

Papua New Guinean
Papua New Guinean#English

Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea#English

Papua New Guinean (native or inhabitant of Papua New Guinea) (male or of unspecified gender)


troyano

es-adj

troyano (feminine troyana, masculine plural troyanos, feminine plural troyanas)

troyana (feminine)
troyanos (masculine plural)
troyanas (feminine plural)


troyano

es-noun

troyano m (plural troyanos, feminine troyana, feminine plural troyanas)

troyanos (plural)
troyana (feminine)
troyanas (feminine plural)

Trojan (native or inhabitant of Troy) (male or of unspecified gender)


palauano

es-adj

palauano (feminine palauana, masculine plural palauanos, feminine plural palauanas)

palauana (feminine)
palauanos (masculine plural)
palauanas (feminine plural)


palauano

es-noun

palauano m (plural palauanos, feminine palauana, feminine plural palauanas)

palauanos (plural)
palauana (feminine)
palauanas (feminine plural)


botsuano

es-adj

botsuano (feminine botsuana, masculine plural botsuanos, feminine plural botsuanas)

botsuana (feminine)
botsuanos (masculine plural)
botsuanas (feminine plural)

(relational) of Botswana; Botswanan (of, from or pertaining to Botswana)


camboyano

Khmer (the national language of Cambodia)


suizo

es-noun

suizo m (plural suizos, feminine suiza, feminine plural suizas)

suizos (plural)
suiza (feminine)
suizas (feminine plural)

native or inhabitant of Switzerland (male or of unspecified gender)


Sapporo

Borrowed from Japanese 札幌 (Sapporo), from Ainu サッ・ポロ・ペッ (sat poro pet, “dry, great river”).

der

Sapporo (the capital and largest city of Hokkaido prefecture, Japan)


Bután

Probably from Tibetan བོད (bod), from Sanskrit भोटान्त (bhoṭānta, “Bhutan”).

Bhutan (a country in South Asia, in the Himalayas)


Maldivas

Maldives (an archipelago and country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India)


neozelandés

es-adj

neozelandés (feminine neozelandesa, masculine plural neozelandeses, feminine plural neozelandesas)

neozelandesa (feminine)
neozelandeses (masculine plural)
neozelandesas (feminine plural)


Emiratos Árabes Unidos

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English:_Q878

United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Cabo Verde

[ˌka.β̞o ˈβ̞eɾ.ð̞e]

Cape Verde (an archipelago and country in West Africa)


Sofía

Ultimately from Ancient Greek σοφία (sophía, “wisdom”).


californiano

californiano (feminine californiana, masculine plural californianos, feminine plural californianas)

californiana (feminine)
californianos (masculine plural)
californianas (feminine plural)


californiano

es-noun

californiano m (plural californianos, feminine californiana, feminine plural californianas)

californianos (plural)
californiana (feminine)
californianas (feminine plural)


fiordo

Borrowed from Norwegian fjord, from Old Norse fjǫrðr, from a root shared by Latin portus (“harbor”).


Estrasburgo

Strasbourg (the capital city of the Bas-Rhin department, France; capital city of the region of Grand Est)


lotería

Borrowed from French loterie, from Middle Dutch loterie, from the same root as Old English hlot (whence English lot).

a traditional Mexican game of chance, similar to bingo, but using images on a deck of cards instead of numbered ping pong balls


macedonio

macedonio m (plural macedonios, feminine macedonia, feminine plural macedonias)

macedonios (plural)
macedonia (feminine)
macedonias (feminine plural)


Bretaña

administrative region
administrative region

Brittany (an administrative region, historical province, and peninsula in northwest France)


Edimburgo

Edinburgh (the capital city of Scotland)


estuario

Borrowed from Latin aestuārium, from aestus (“tide”).


bretón

es-adj

bretón (feminine bretona, masculine plural bretones, feminine plural bretonas)

bretona (feminine)
bretones (masculine plural)
bretonas (feminine plural)


alcázar

→ English: alcazar

→ French: alcazar

→ Polish: alkazar

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْقَصْر (al-qaṣr, “the castle”) via Andalusian Arabic, from Latin castrum. Doublet of castro and castillo.


gallopinto

From gallo + pinto, literally “spotted rooster”, after the appearance of the dish.

af

(Costa Rica, Nicaragua) a food made of rice and beans mixed together, and fried with onions, garlic, and sometimes other herbs


damasceno

es-adj

damasceno (feminine damascena, masculine plural damascenos, feminine plural damascenas)

damascena (feminine)
damascenos (masculine plural)
damascenas (feminine plural)


damasceno

es-noun

damasceno m (plural damascenos, feminine damascena, feminine plural damascenas)

damascenos (plural)
damascena (feminine)
damascenas (feminine plural)


EUA

Estados Unidos de América
Estados Unidos de América#Spanish

USA (a country in North America); initialism of Estados Unidos de América (“United States of America”)


Pampanga

→ Cebuano: Pampanga

→ English: Pampanga

→ French: Pampangue

→ Kapampangan: Pampanga

→ Tagalog: Pampanga

From Kapampangan pampang (“river bank”) + -a.

Pampanga (a province of Central Luzon, Luzon, Philippines; capital: San Fernando; largest city: Angeles City)


San Pablo

São Paulo (a municipality, the state capital of São Paulo, Brazil)

Southeast Region
Southeast Region#English

São Paulo (a state of the Southeast Region, Brazil)

San Pablo (a dormant volcano in the Antofagasta Region, Chile)


chocho

es-adj

chocho (feminine chocha, masculine plural chochos, feminine plural chochas)

chocha (feminine)
chochos (masculine plural)
chochas (feminine plural)

Perhaps related to clueco (and Italian chioccio) or Basque txotxo.

(Central America, colloquial) Nicaraguan


Estados Unidos de América

United States of America
United States of America#English

United States of America (a country in North America)


Marruecos

→ Central Huasteca Nahuatl: Marruecos

→ Central Nahuatl: Marruecos

→ Guaraní: Marruéko

→ Tagalog: Marwekos

→ Western Huasteca Nahuatl: Marruecos

From Old Spanish Marruecos (“Marrakech”), from Arabic مُرَّاكُش (murrākuš).


Antigua y Barbuda

[ãn̪ˌt̪i.ɣ̞wa i β̞aɾˈβ̞u.ð̞a]

Antigua and Barbuda
Antigua and Barbuda#English

Antigua and Barbuda (a country in the Caribbean)


taiwanés

es-noun

taiwanés m (plural taiwaneses, feminine taiwanesa, feminine plural taiwanesas)

taiwaneses (plural)
taiwanesa (feminine)
taiwanesas (feminine plural)

Taiwanese (native or inhabitant of Taiwan) (male or of unspecified gender)


normando

es-adj

normando (feminine normanda, masculine plural normandos, feminine plural normandas)

normanda (feminine)
normandos (masculine plural)
normandas (feminine plural)


normando

es-noun

normando m (plural normandos, feminine normanda, feminine plural normandas)

normandos (plural)
normanda (feminine)
normandas (feminine plural)


Asturias

Latinization of Astur, a Celtic tribe residing in pre-Roman Spain. More at Asturias.

autonomous community
autonomous community

Asturias (an autonomous community and province of Spain)


Argelia

Metathesized from Arabic اَلْجَزَائِر (al-jazāʔir, “the islands”), plural of جَزِيرَة (jazīra, “island”), referring to the several small islands that once existed in the Bay of Algiers.

metathesis

Metathesized

bor

اَلْجَزَائِر


Fiyi

Fiji (a country and archipelago of over 300 islands in Melanesia in Oceania)


dánico

es-adj

dánico (feminine dánica, masculine plural dánicos, feminine plural dánicas)

dánica (feminine)
dánicos (masculine plural)
dánicas (feminine plural)


Islas Baleares

Balearic Islands
Balearic Islands#English

Balearic Islands (an autonomous community, province, and island in Spain, in the Mediterranean)


onza

Inherited from Latin uncia (“unit, ¹⁄₁₂ Roman pound”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one”). As an English unit, a calque of ounce. Cognate with Galician onza, Portuguese onça, Catalan unça, French once, Italian oncia, and English ounce and inch.

inh

unit, <small>¹<big>⁄</big>₁₂</small> Roman pound

inh+

English or American ounce (a unit of mass equivalent to 28.35 g or 31.1 g)

Clipping of onza líquida, the English or American fluid ounce (a unit of liquid volume equivalent to 28.4 or 29.6 mL)

onza líquida

(historical) onza, Spanish ounce (a traditional unit of mass equivalent to about 28.76 g)


onza

Borrowed from Middle French once, from Old French lonce (“lynx”) by false division assuming the l was an article, from Italian lonza, from Latin lynx, from Ancient Greek λύγξ (lúnx, “lynx”). Doublet of lince.

leopardo de las nieves
leopardo de las nieves#Spanish

(Cryptozoology, Mexico) onza (a cryptid feline in Mexican folklore)


gruta

Borrowed from Catalan gruta, itself borrowed from Sicilian grutta or old Neapolitan grutta, from Vulgar Latin *grupta or *crupta, from Latin crypta. Doublet of cripta.


Yibuti

[ɟ͡ʝiˈβ̞u.t̪i]

[ɟ͡ʝiˈβ̞u.t̪i]


Benín

Benin (a country in West Africa, formerly Dahomey)


Taiwán

Borrowed from English Taiwan. Compare Portuguese Taiwan, Dutch Taiwan, Tagalog Taywan.

Republic of China
Republic of China#English

Taiwan, Republic of China (a country in East Asia)


tió de Nadal

Borrowed from Catalan tió de Nadal, from tió (“cut off stump”) and Nadal (“Christmas”).


ucranio

es-noun

ucranio m (plural ucranios, feminine ucrania, feminine plural ucranias)

ucranios (plural)
ucrania (feminine)
ucranias (feminine plural)