Montserrat

Borrowed from Catalan Montserrat, from mont (“hill”) + serrat (“jagged”).

Montserrat (a mountain range in Catalonia, Spain, near Barcelona, the site of a monastery)


Madrid

Formerly Magerit; etymology uncertain, but probably derived from one or more of the following:
* Latin matrix (“mother or womb [of rivers]”),
* Arabic مَجْرًى (majran, “channel”)
* hypothetical Celtic *Mageto-ɸritus (“great ford”)

der

Community of Madrid
Community of Madrid#English

autonomous community
autonomous community

Madrid, Community of Madrid (an autonomous community of Spain)

Madrid (a province of the Community of Madrid, Spain)


Barcelona

Barcelona (the capital city of Catalonia, Spain)

Barcelona (a province of Catalonia, Spain)


Tarragona

Tarragona (a province of Catalonia, Spain; capital: Tarragona)


Valencia

→ Cebuano: Valencia

Chinese:

desc

→ Mandarin: 巴倫西亞 /巴伦西亚 (Bālúnxīyà) (transliteration)

→ Tagalog: Valencia

Borrowed from Catalan València, from Latin Valentia.

Valencia (the capital city of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain)

Valencian Community
Valencian Community#English

Valencia, Valencian Community (an autonomous community of Spain; in full, Valencian Community)

Valencia (a province of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain)


San Sebastián

San Sebastián
San Sebastián#English:_Q10313

San Sebastián (a coastal city and municipality, the capital of the province of Gipuzkoa, in the Basque Country, northern Spain)


Bilbao

Three possibilities are:
* From Basque billa (“stacking”) + Spanish vaho (“steam, mist”).
* Evolution of Spanish bello vado (“beautiful river crossing”), from the Roman name, Latin bellum vadum.
* From Basque billa-ibaia-bao (“river cove”).

Bilbao (the largest city in the Basque Country, in northern Spain, and capital city of the province of Biscay, Spain)


Pamplona

Inherited from Latin *Pompelōnem, Roman name of the city, reconstructible from attested Pompelōnēnsis (“related to Pamplona”), found in Pliny, and Pompaelō, the name as found in the Antonine Itinerary. Apparently named after the Roman general Pompey.

Antonine Itinerary
Pamplona
Pliny
Pompey


Tierra Firme

(historical) Tierra Firme (a former province of Spain)


Ceuta

Borrowed from Arabic سَبْتَة (sabta) or Berber, from Latin Septem (Frātrēs) (“seven [brothers]”).


Melilla

→ English: Melilla

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines

Borrowed from Arabic مَلِيلْيَة (malīlya), from Tarifit Mlilt.

bor+

Melilla (an autonomous city of Spain and exclave at the edge of Morocco)


Granada

English: Granada

French: Grenade

English: Grenada

Turkish: Gırnata, Granada

From Arabic غَرْنَاطَة (Ḡarnāṭa), originally the name of a medieval suburb that was incorporated into the city.

bor

Arabic غَرْنَاطَة (Ḡarnāṭa)

Granada (a province of Andalusia, Spain; capital: Granada)


Jerez

Caere
es:Jerez de la Frontera
es:Jerez de los Caballeros

Inherited from Old Spanish Xerés, from Arabic شَرِيش (šarīš), from Latin Ceret, Caeret, which has been etymologically identified with the Caere in Etruria.

Jerez de la Frontera
Jerez de la Frontera#English

Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera (a city in western Andalusia, Spain)

Jerez de los Caballeros
Jerez de los Caballeros#English

Jerez, Jerez de los Caballeros (a town in the province of Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain)


Cantabria

Cantabria (an autonomous community and province in northern Spain; capital: Santander)


Córdoba

Borrowed from Arabic قُرْطُبَة (Qurṭuba), from Latin Corduba, from Phoenician 𐤒𐤓𐤕𐤉𐤅𐤁𐤏𐤉 (qrtywbʿy or Qartuba). As South American locations, named after the Spanish city.

der

Córdoba (the capital of the province of Córdoba, Andalusia, Spain)

Córdoba (a province of Andalusia, Spain, around the city)


León

Legio VII Gemina
es:León (desambiguación)

Inherited from Latin legiōnem. The places in Spain are named after the Roman legion that settled them, the Legio VII Gemina. Doublet of legión, which was a learned borrowing. Unrelated to león.

Castile and León
Castile and León#English

León (a province of Castile and León, Spain; capital: León)

León (a city in Castile and León, Spain)


Abanto

From Andalusian Arabic abántuh ("his daughter") which could also mean "disoriented", "silly". It has been suggested as so because women, especially damsels, were seen as unaware of daily issues as they lived a pampered life and as a result were "disoriented".

a village and municipality of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain


Abanto

a municipality of Biscay, Basque Country, Spain, officially known as Abanto y Ciérvana


Galicia

Borrowed from Portuguese or Galician Galicia, from Medieval Latin Gallicia, from Classical Latin Gallaecia, from Gallaecī (“a tribe in the region”). According to Menéndez Pidal, this term replaced Old Spanish Gallizia.

2021 January 15, “El IPC cierra el año en negativo en Galicia por primera vez desde 2015”, in La Región:

The consumption price index meets the end of the year in the negative in Galicia for the first time since 2015.

Galicia (a former kingdom and autonomous community in northwestern Spain)


Santiago

Inherited from Latin Sanctus Iācōbus (“Saint James”), the latter word deriving from Ancient Greek Ἰάκωβος (Iákōbos), from Hebrew יַעֲקֹב (ya‘ăqṓḇ, “Jacob”, literally “he will/shall heel”), from עָקֵב (‘āqḗḇ, “heel of the foot”).

der

Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela#English

Santiago, Santiago de Compostela (a city in Galicia, Spain)

Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic#English

The name of several cities in Chile, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Colombia, Spain, and several other Spanish-speaking countries


Salamanca

Salamanca (a province of Castile and León, Spain; capital: Salamanca)


Valladolid

Attested in 11th century Latin documents in forms such as Valleolide and Valledolidi. The beginning corresponds to valle (“valley”) and the ending seemingly to Olid, a known adaptation of the Arabic name لوليد (Walīd). The additional /-d-/ would in that case represent a possessive (de).

aprovechando que el Pisuerga pasa por Valladolid

Valladolid (a province of Castile and León, Spain; capital: Valladolid)

Valladolid (a city in Valladolid, Spain)


Sevilla

Borrowed from Arabic إِشْبِيلِيَة (ʔišbīliya), a deformation of the Latin Hispalis, ultimately from Phoenician 𐤔𐤐𐤋𐤄 (šplh /sefela/, “valley, plain”).

bor+

إِشْبِيلِيَة

der

Seville (the capital city of Andalusia, Spain)

Seville (a province of Andalusia, Spain)


Guadalajara

→ English: Guadalajara

→ French: Guadalajara

Borrowed from Arabic وَادِي الْحِجَارَة (wādī l-ḥijāra, literally “valley of stones”).

bor+

وَادِي الْحِجَارَة

Castilla-La Mancha
Castilla-La Mancha#English

Guadalajara (a province of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain; capital: Guadalajara)

Guadalajara (a city, the capital of Guadalajara, Spain)


Extremadura

Believed to derive from Latin Extrēma Dūriī, alluding to the fact that the province is located beyond the Douro river.

Extremadura (an autonomous community in western Spain)


Alicante

→ Cebuano: Alicante

desc

→ Chinese: 阿利坎特 (Ālìkǎntè) (transliteration)

→ English: Alicante

→ Tagalog: Alicante

From Arabic اَلقَنْت (al-qant) or لَقَنْت (laqant), from Latin Lucentum, or Leukante (Local Latin), ultimately from Ancient Greek λευκός (leukós, “white, bright”). Originally named Ἄκρα Λευκή (Ákra Leukḗ) or Λευκή Ἄκρα (Leukḗ Ákra, “white summit”) by Phocaean Greeks.

der

Alicante (a province of the Valencian Community, Spain; capital: Alicante)


Zaragoza

From Old Spanish Çaragoça, from Old Navarro-Aragonese Zaragoza (and numerous variants), from Mozarabic, from Latin Caesaraugusta.

Zaragoza (a province of Aragon, Spain; capital: Zaragoza)


Murcia

Various theories exist, the most common that it derived from Latin Myrta or Murtea, meaning the land of myrtle (see Latin myrta), or from Latin Murtia, from the name Murtius.

Murcia (an autonomous community and province in southeast Spain)

Murcia (the capital city of the autonomous community of Murcia, Spain)


Castilla

→ French: Castille

→ English: Castile

desctree

→ Classical Nahuatl: Caxtillan, castillan, castillã, caxtillan, Castillan, Castillã (obsolete)
→ Kaqchikel: kaxlan

→ Pipil: caztiyah

→ Tagalog: Kastilya

Inherited from Old Spanish Castiella, based on castiello (“castle”).

(historical) Castile (a medieval kingdom and former county in the Iberian Peninsula; the nucleus of modern Spain)

Castile (a vaguely defined geographical region of central Spain generally corresponding to the regions of Old and New Castile)


Cataluña

Catalonia (an autonomous community in northeast Spain)


Aragón

Named after the river Aragón in Spain. The river name is of obscure origin, but possibly from Basque haran (“valley”).

Aragon (an autonomous community and medieval kingdom in northeastern Spain)


País Vasco

Basque Country
Basque Country#English:_Q47588

Basque Country (a cultural region that straddles the border of Spain and France, where the Basque language is traditionally spoken)

Basque Country
Basque Country#English:_Q3995

Basque Country (an autonomous community in northern Spain)


Navarra

Believed to be of Basque origin, possibly from nabar (“brownish, multicolored”), or from naba (“valley”) + herri (“land, people”). More at Navarre.

Navarre (an autonomous community and province in northern Spain; capital: Pamplona)

(historical) Navarre (a former kingdom, originally predominantly Basque-speaking, in modern northern Spain and southwest France)


Santa Fe

Santa Fe (several other places in Bolivia, Colombia, Chile, Cuba, Honduras, Panama, the Philippines, Spain and the United States)


Épila

Épila (a municipality of Zaragoza, Spain)


Mallorca

From Old Spanish Mayorca, from Late Latin Maiorica, from Latin maior (“larger”), because the island is larger than Minorca.

Balearic Islands
Balearic Islands#English

Mallorca, Majorca (an island in the Mediterranean; largest of the Balearic Islands)


Andalucía

From the Arabic الْأَنْدَلُس (al-ʔandalus), الْأَنْدُلُس (al-ʔandulus, “Iberia”), from Vulgar Latin *Vandalicia (“land of the Vandals”), or possibly from Vandalic *Wandalitia (“land of the Vandals”) (or *Vandalitia) of the same Latin source, from Proto-Germanic *wandilaz. Alternatively, Halm (1989) suggests it may derive from (unattested) Gothic *𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍄𐍃 (*landahlauts), from 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 (land, “land”) + 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍄𐍃 (hlauts, “allotment, inheritance”).

der

الْأَنْدَلُس

*𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍄𐍃

Andalusia (a historical region and autonomous community in southern Spain, the most populated and second largest of the seventeen autonomous communities that constitute Spain)


Estella

Estella-Lizarra (a town and municipality of Navarre, Spain)


Alhambra

From Arabic الْحَمْرَاء (al-ḥamrāʔ, “the red (fortress)”).


BCN

abbreviation of Barcelona: the capital of Catalonia, Spain


Eljas

Eljas (a city and municipality of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain)


Sandoval

→ English: Sandoval

→ Tagalog: Sandoval

From Old Spanish Sannoval, from Latin saltus (“grove”) + novālis (“newly cleared land”).


Sella

Sella (a river in Asturias, starting in the Picos de Europa and flowing into the Bay of Biscay)


Oviedo

Originally known as Ovetao, or Ovetum (in Latin).

Oviedo (the capital city of Asturias, Spain)


Elche

From Ancient Greek Ἑλίκη (Helíkē, “A nymph who took care of Zeus in his infancy on Crete”). The Spanish city was named after Helike by Greek colonists.


Asturias

Latinization of Astur, a Celtic tribe residing in pre-Roman Spain. More at Asturias.

Asturias (an autonomous community and province of Spain, on the Spanish north coast facing the Cantabrian Sea)

Asturias (a former kingdom existing from c. 718 to 924 C.E., in modern northwest Spain and Portugal)


Vizcaya

Inherited from Old Spanish Vizcaya, ultimately from Basque bizkar (“low ridge”). Compare Basque Bizkaia.

Biscay (a province of the Basque Country, Spain; capital: Bilbao)


Islas Baleares

Balearic Islands
Balearic Islands#English:_Q5765

Balearic Islands (an archipelago, autonomous community, and province off the east coast of Spain, formed by the four major islands Mallorca, Minorca, Ibiza, and Formentera and several smaller islands)


Toledo

English: Toledo

Polish: Toledo

Inherited from Old Spanish Toledo, from Latin Tolētum.

Toledo (a province of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain; capital: Toledo)


Cádiz

→ English: Cádiz, Cadiz

→ Italian: Cadice, Càdice

→ French: Cadix

→ Venetan: Càdice

Borrowed from Arabic قَادِس (qādis), from Latin Gādēs, from Ancient Greek Γάδειρα (Gádeira), from Phoenician 𐤂𐤃𐤓 (gdr /gādēr, gādīr/).

Cadiz (a city and province of Andalusia, Spain)


Mérida

From the third word of the Latin “colōnia Augusta Ēmerita”, from the feminine of ēmeritus (“veteran”), referring to the Iberian city being founded as an imperial veterans’ colony.

Mérida (a city in Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain)


Sabadell

Unadapted borrowing from Catalan Sabadell, of uncertain Latin origin.


Occitania

Occitania (a cultural region in southwestern Europe where Occitan has historically been spoken, consisting of southern France, parts of Catalonia in Spain, and some valleys in northwestern Italy)


Málaga

→ Catalan: Màlaga

→ English: Malaga, Málaga

→ Greek: Μάλαγα (Málaga)

→ Hebrew: מָלָגָה (Malága)

→ Polish: Malaga, Málaga

→ Portuguese: Málaga

→ Russian: Ма́лага (Málaga)

Borrowed from Arabic مَالَقَة (Mālaqa), from Latin Malaca, from Phoenician 𐤌𐤋𐤊 (Málaka or Malake).

Malaga (a province of Andalusia, Spain; capital: Malaga)


Badajoz

Perhaps from Mozarabic, perhaps from Latin Pācem Augustam. /st/ > /t͡s/ is characteristic of Mozarabic. Compare Arabic بَطَلْيَوْس (baṭalyaws).

Badajoz (a province of Extremadura, Spain; capital: Badajoz)


Formentera

Formentera (an island and municipality of the Balearic Islands, Spain, south of Ibiza)


Menorca

Minorca (an island of the Balearic Islands, Spain, east of Mallorca)


Begoña

Shortened from Nuestra Señora de Begoña (“Our Lady of Begoña”), a Roman Catholic epithet of the Virgin Mary, from the place name Begoña.

a district of Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain


Castilla y León

Castile and León
Castile and León#English:_Q5739

autonomous communities
autonomous community

Castile and León (the largest of the autonomous communities of Spain, in the central north of the country)


Gijón

Gijón (a city on the coast of Asturias, in northwestern Spain)


Segovia

Segovia (a province of Castile and León, Spain; capital: Segovia)


Palma

Palma de Mallorca
Palma de Mallorca#English

Palma, Palma de Mallorca (a city and port, the capital of the Balearic Islands, Spain, on the island of Mallorca; in full, Palma de Mallorca)


Ávila

→ Catalan: Àvila

→ English: Ávila

Originally a medieval form of Medieval Latin avis (“bird”), but influenced by Germanic pronunciation.

Ávila (a province of Castile and León, Spain; capital: Ávila)


Costa del Sol

Costa del Sol
Costa del Sol#English:_Q215254

Costa del Sol (a coastal area of Andalusia)


Cartagena

Ultimately from oblique cases of Latin Carthāgō Nova (“New Carthage”), of Punic origin, cognate to 𐤒𐤓𐤕-𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 (qrt-ḥdšt, “Carthage”, literally “New City”).


Monterrey

Borrowed from Galician Monterrei, from monte (“mountain”) + rei (“king”), equivalent to Spanish monte + rey.

a town, the capital of Orense in Galicia, Spain


Medellín

From Latin Metellīnum, named after the Roman General Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius in 75 BC who founded the village as a military base.


Teruel

Teruel (a province of Aragon, Spain; capital: Teruel)


Gerona

Japanese: ヘローナ (Herōna)

Girona (a province of Catalonia, Spain; capital: Girona)


Yagüe

[ˈɟ͡ʝa.ɣ̞we]

[ˈɟ͡ʝa.ɣ̞we]

Via Old Spanish Yagge << Yagoue << Yagobe, from Latin Jacobe (vocative).


Logroño

Unknown, but most likely from Old Spanish lo (definite article) + Celtiberian gronio (“ford”). More at Logroño.

Logroño (the capital city of La Rioja, Spain)


La Rioja

The province in Argentina is named after the region in Spain.

autonomous community
autonomous community

La Rioja (an autonomous community and province in northern Spain)


Canarias

Borrowed from Latin (īnsula) canāria (“Canary Islands”, literally “island of the dogs”), from canārius (“of dogs”).

bor+

Canaries, Canary Islands (an archipelago and autonomous community of Spain, off the coast of northwestern Africa, near Morocco)


Baleares

synonym of Islas Baleares: Balearic Islands (an archipelago, autonomous community, and province off the east coast of Spain, formed by the four major islands Mallorca, Minorca, Ibiza, and Formentera and several smaller islands)


Lanzarote

Named after Lanceloto Malocello, who gave his name to this island.

Lanzarote (an island of the Canary Islands)


Covadonga

[ko.β̞aˈð̞õŋ.ɡa]

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *Cova Dominica ("Cave of Our Lady", in reference to the Virgin Mary), from Latin cavus (“hollow”) and dominicus 'lord (relational)'. From the same *cova derives Spanish cueva.


Países Catalanes

Catalan Countries
Catalan Countries#English:_Q234963

Catalan Countries (a cultural region in Western Europe where Catalan is spoken, consisting of parts of Spain, France, Italy and Andorra)


Almería

From Arabic المرية (al-Mariyya), from مَرَايَا (marāyā, “mirrors”) in reference to the settlement's initial role in the 9th century as a watchtower for Bajjana, now Pechina.

Almeria (a province of Andalusia, Spain; capital: Almería)


Palencia

From the city of Pallantia, in Greek Παλλεντία with the meaning of The plain land.

Palencia (a province of Castile and León, Spain; capital: Palencia)


Zamora

From Visigothic Semure, attested in two coins from the reign of king Sisebuto.

Zamora (a province of Castile and León, Spain; capital: Zamora)


Burgos

Burgos (a province of Castile and León, Spain; capital: Burgos)

Burgos (a city in Castile and León, Spain)


Álava

Inherited from Old Spanish Alava (compare Basque Araba). Further etymology is uncertain. Possibilities include:
*Related to a Roman mansion in ab Asturica Burdigalam, from Latin Alba. This name is possibly related to Albéniz (a hamlet in Álava).
*From the Andalusian Arabic prefix ال (al-, “the”) + Basque laua (“plain, flat”). More at Álava.

Álava (a province of the Basque Country, Spain; capital: Vitoria)


Ribadesella

Ribadesella (a town and municipality of Asturias, at the foot of the river Sella)


Albacete

From Andalusian Arabic البسيط (“the plain”).

Albacete (a province of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain; capital: Albacete)


Cáceres

Cáceres (a province of Extremadura, Spain; capital: Cáceres)


Huesca

Inherited from Latin Osca (the Roman colony was known as Urbs Vitrix Osca). The native name (in Paleo-Hispanic) was Bolskan.

Huesca (a province of Aragon, Spain; capital: Huesca)


Huelva

From Latin Onuba or Onoba, from Phoenician 𐤏𐤍𐤏 𐤁𐤏𐤋 (ʿnʿ bʿl, “Baal's fortress”), through Arabic وَلْبَة (walba).


Trujillo

From the city in Spain, from Arabic تُرْجَالَة (turjāla), from Latin Turgalium.

one of several cities, districts, and provinces, mostly in Spanish-speaking countries:


Vigo

Borrowed from Galician Vigo, from Latin Vīcus Spacōrum (literally “village of the Spaci”).


La Coruña

Uncertain. Predominant theories are:
* A corruption of the word for “crown” (see corona, via Galician, Old Spanish, French, or a Celtic language;
* From French Cluny, a commune in eastern France;
* From Crunia, a medieval Leonese name of unknown origin.
More at La Coruña.

La Coruña (a province of Galicia, Spain)

La Coruña (a city and municipality, the capital of A Coruña, Galicia, Spain)


Ourense

Ourense (a province of Galicia, Spain; capital: Ourense)


Guadalquivir

From Arabic الوَادِي الكَبِير (al-wādī l-kabīr, literally “the great river”).

الوَادِي الكَبِير

Guadalquivir (a river in southern Spain)


Cuenca

Cuenca (a province of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain; capital: Cuenca)


Cangas de Onís

Cangas de Onís
Cangas de Onís#English:_Q3326365

Cangas de Onís (a town, civil parish, and municipality of Asturias, Spain)


Castilla-La Mancha

Castilla-La Mancha
Castilla-La Mancha#English:_Q5748

Castilla-La Mancha (an autonomous community in central Spain)


Alcántara

From Arabic اَلْقَنْطَرَة (al-qanṭara, “the bridge”).

اَلْقَنْطَرَة


Guadiana

Inherited from Old Spanish Aguadiana, derived from Arabic وَادِي (wādī, “river, valley”) + Latin Anās (ancient name of the river), related to anas (“duck”).

Guadiana (a major river in Spain and Portugal)


Antequera

Antequera (a city in Málaga, Andalusia, Spain)


Palma de Mallorca

Palma, Palma de Mallorca (a city and port, the capital of the Balearic Islands, Spain, on the island of Mallorca; in full, Palma de Mallorca)


Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

Las Palmas de Gran Canaria#English:_Q11974

Santa Cruz de Tenerife
Santa Cruz de Tenerife

Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (the largest city and co-capital of the Canary Islands, along with Santa Cruz de Tenerife; the capital and largest city of the island of Gran Canaria; the capital and largest city of the province of Las Palmas, Canary Islands)


Las Palmas

Las Palmas (a province of the Canary Islands, Spain; capital: Las Palmas)

Las Palmas (a city in Las Palmas, Spain)


Jerez de la Frontera

Jerez de la Frontera
Jerez de la Frontera#English:_Q12303

Jerez de la Frontera (a city in Andalusia, Spain)


Jaén

Jaén (a province of Andalusia, Spain; capital: Jaén)


Gasteiz

(historical) a medieval settlement corresponding to the old town of modern day Vitória, Basque Country, Spain

Vitoria (the capital city of the Basque Country, Spain)


Hospitalet de Llobregat

L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
L'Hospitalet de Llobregat#English

L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (a city in Spain)


Santiago de Compostela

Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela#English:_Q14314

Santiago de Compostela (a city in A Coruña province, Galicia, Spain, a major Christian pilgrimage site)


Alcalá de Henares

Alcalá de Henares
Alcalá de Henares#English

Community of Madrid
Community of Madrid#English

Alcalá de Henares (a city in the Community of Madrid, Spain)


Getafe

Getafe (a city in the Community of Madrid, Spain)


Lérida

Inherited from Latin Ilerda, from the name of an Iberian tribe. Compare Catalan Lleida.

Lleida (a province of Catalonia, Spain; capital: Lleida)


Santa Cruz de Tenerife

Santa Cruz de Tenerife
Santa Cruz de Tenerife#English:_Q14328

Santa Cruz de Tenerife (the largest city on the Spanish island of Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain; the co-capital of the Canary Islands, along with Las Palmas; the capital of the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife)

Santa Cruz de Tenerife
Santa Cruz de Tenerife#English:_Q99976

Santa Cruz de Tenerife (a province of the Canary Islands)


Pucela

Castile and León
Castile and León#English

(colloquial) Valladolid (a city in Castile and León, Spain)


Ciudad Real

Castilla-La Mancha
Castilla-La Mancha#English

Ciudad Real (a province of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain; capital: Ciudad Real)

Ciudad Real (a city in Castilla-La Mancha, Spain)


Guipúzcoa

Inherited from Old Spanish Guipúzcoa. Compare Basque Gipuzkoa.

Gipuzkoa (a province and historical region of the Basque Country, Spain; capital: San Sebastián)


Lugo

Lugo (a province of Galicia, Spain; capital: Lugo)


Pontevedra

Pontevedra (a province of Galicia, Spain; capital: Pontevedra)

Pontevedra (a city in Pontevedra, Spain)


Soria

Possibly via Old Spanish Dauria from Latin Durius, name of a river; see Duero.

Soria (a province of Castile and León, Spain; capital: Soria)


Cabrera

Balearic Islands
Balearic Islands#English

Cabrera (an uninhabited island of the Balearic Islands, Spain, off the coast of Mallorca)


Valenzuela

Meaning “little Valencia”, from Latin Valentia. Equivalent to Valencia + -uela.

Valenzuela (a town and municipality of Córdoba, Andalusia, Spain)


Aragón Oriental

Aragon Strip
Aragon Strip#English:_Q15579

Aragon Strip (the region of Aragon in Spain where Catalan is spoken; composed of the districts of Ribagorza/Ribagorça, La Litera/La Llitera, Bajo Cinca/Baix Cinca, Bajo Aragón-Caspe/Baix Aragó-Casp, Bajo Aragón/Baix Aragó and Matarraña/Matarranya)


Comunidad Valenciana

Valencian Community
Valencian Community#English

autonomous community
autonomous community

Valencian Community (an autonomous community of Spain)


Eibar

Eibar (a city and municipality of the province of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain)


Islas Canarias

Likely a partial calque of Latin Canāriae Īnsulae (literally “Islands of the Dogs”).

partial calque

Canary Islands
Canary Islands#English:_Q5813

Canary Islands (an archipelago and autonomous community of Spain, off the coast of northwestern Africa, near Morocco)


Montjuic

[mõɲˈɟ͡ʝwik]

[mõɲˈɟ͡ʝwik]

Borrowed from Catalan Montjuïc, from a Latin name probably meaning “Mountain of Jews”.


Hernani

Hernani (a town and municipality of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain)


Castala

Possibly from Latin Castella (“Castile”).


Astorga

From Leonese Estorga. Inherited from Latin Asturica (Asturica Augusta), from the name of the Astures, a Hispano-Celtic tribe of northern Spain.


La Gomera

La Gomera (an island of the Canary Islands)


Luzón

→ English: Luzon

⇒ Translingual: Luzonochroma

From Classical Tagalog Lusong (“old name for the Pasig river delta by Manila”), probably through Portuguese Lução, ultimately from Tagalog lusong.

der

Luzón (a tiny town and municipality of Guadalajara, Castilla-La Mancha, with less than 100 inhabitants)


Comunidad de Madrid

Community of Madrid
Community of Madrid#English:_Q5756

Community of Madrid (an autonomous community and province of Spain)


Castellón

Castellón de la Plana
Castellón de la Plana#English

Castellón (a province of the Valencian Community, Spain; capital: Castellón de la Plana)


Borja

Borrowed from Arabic بُرْجَة (burja) (see برج). Compare Borgia.


Avilés

→ English: Avilés


Tortosa

Borrowed from Arabic طُرْطُوشَة (ṭurṭūša); itself from Latin Dertosa.


Nueva

a village in northeastern Asturias, Spain


Alcalá

Borrowed from Arabic الْقَلْعَة (al-qalʕa, “the citadel, the fort”).

the name of a number of cities and towns in Spain

Alcalá de Henares
Alcalá de Henares#Spanish


Reus

Reus (a city in Tarragona province, Catalonia, Spain)


Oropesa

Oropesa (a town in Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain)


Barcino

Barcelona (the capital city of Catalonia, Spain)

Barcelona (a province of Catalonia, Spain)


Segorbe

English: Segorbe

Segorbe (a municipality of Castellón, Spain)


El Pardo

a neighbourhood in northwestern Madrid, Spain


Villena

a city in Alicante, Valencian Community, Spain


Euskadi

Basque Country
Basque Country#English:_Q3995

synonym of País Vasco: Basque Country (an autonomous community in northern Spain)


Alameda

Alameda (a town and municipality of Málaga, Andalusia, Spain)


Guevara

→ English: Guevara

→ Russian: Гева́ра (Gevára)

→ Tagalog: Guevara

desc

→ Chinese: 格瓦拉 (Géwǎlā) (transliteration)


Ledesma

Inherited from Latin Bletisama, from a local Celtic language. A superlative in *-isamos from either Proto-Celtic *ɸletisamā (“the broadest one”), from *ɸletos (“breadth”); or from Proto-Celtic *ɸleitisamā (“the greyest one”), from *ɸleitos (“grey”).

der

a town and municipality, a in Salamanca, Castilla y León, Spain


Gamboa

Ullíbarri-Gamboa (a village in Álava, Spain)


Arriaga

Borrowed from Basque Arriaga (literally “stony place”), from harri (“stone”) + -aga (“place, abundance”).

bor+

Arriaga-Lakua, Arriaga (a former village, now a district of Vitória, Basque Country, Spain)


Arellano

Borrowed from Basque. Ultimately from a metathesized form of Latin Valeriānus.


Barajas

An international airport in Madrid, Spain


Vergara

Bergara (a town and municipality of the province of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain)


Samaniego

a municipality of Álava, Basque Country, Spain


Landa

Both the village in Álava and the surname are of Basque origin, from landa (“meadow”)


Coria

Coria (a town and municipality of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain)


Arrieta

→ English: Arrieta

→ Ilocano: Arrieta

→ Tagalog: Arrieta

Borrowed from Basque Arrieta (literally “rocky place”).

a municipality of Biscay, Basque Country, Spain

a hamlet in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava, Basque Country, Spain

Condado de Treviño
Condado de Treviño#English

a hamlet in Condado de Treviño, Burgos, Castile and León, Spain


Pastrana

a town in Guadalajara, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain


Lepe

Lepe (a city and municipality of Huelva, Andalusia, Spain)


Plasencia

Plasencia (a market city in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain)


Ripoll

Ripoll (the capital of Ripollès, Girona, Catalonia)


Nájera

Either from Arabic *نَاخِرَة (*nāḵira, “a derelict place”) from the verb نَخَرَ (naḵara, “to gnaw, to pierce, to bite”); or from *نَاهِرَة (*nāhira, “a place endowed by a river”), from نَهْر (nahr, “river”).


Tagle

a locality and municipality Cantabria, Spain


Atienza

a locality and municipality in Guadalajara, Spain


Poblete

a municipality of Ciudad Real, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain


Lucena

Lucena (a municipality of Córdoba, Andalusia, Spain)


Alburquerque

a town in Badajoz, Spain, close to the border with Portugal


Azpeitia

Azpeitia (a town and municipality of the province of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain)


Zafra

Uncertain, see zafra for more information.

Zafra (a city and municipality in Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain)

llover más que cuando enterraron a Zafra


Castañeda

a town and municipality of Cantabria, Spain


Zulueta

Borrowed from Basque Zulueta, from zulueta (plural of zulu (“cave”)).


Legazpi

Borrowed from Basque Legazpi.
The place in the Philippines is named after Spanish conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi, the first Governor-General of the Philippines.


Zaldívar

Borrowed from Basque Zaldibar, from zaldi (“horse”) and ibar (“valley”).


Elcano

Borrowed from Basque Elkano, from elke (“vegetable garden”) and no (“small”).


Peñalosa

a name of two archaeological sites in southern Spain:


Balmaseda

Balmaceda (alternative)
Valmaceda (alternative)

Balmaseda (a town and municipality in Biscay, Basque Country, Spain)


Abadiano

Either from the Latin name Abatius with the suffix -anum, or from Basque abade (“abbot”) with the same suffix. Compare Basque Abadiño.

a village and municipality of Biscay, Basque Country, Spain


Alzaga

Altzaga (a village and municipality of the province of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain)


Llamas

a name of several localities in Asturias, Spain


Mondragón

[mõn̪.d̪ɾaˈɣ̞õn]

Likely derived from French Montdragon, ultimately from Latin mōns draconis (“dragon mountain”).

Arrasate (a town and municipality of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain)


Figueras

Of toponymic origin, from Catalan Figueres.

Figueres (a city in the province of Girona, Catalonia, Spain)


Labastida

→ Cebuano: Labastida

→ English: Labastida

→ Tagalog: Labastida


Villablanca

Villablanca (a town and municipality of Huelva, Andalusia, Spain)


Mijares

Santillana del Mar
Santillana del Mar#English

a hamlet in Santillana del Mar, Cantabria, Spain


Alcoy

a municipality of Alicante, Valencia, Spain


Valmaseda

a town in Vizcaya, in the Basque Country, Spain


Alcácer

a town in the Horta Sud district, Valencian Community, Spain


San Fernando

Named after King Ferdinand III of Castile.


Ponferrada

Ponferrada (a city in the province of León, Castile and León, Spain)


Ocaña

a town, a municipality of Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain


Aránzazu

Borrowed from Basque Arantzazu (literally “hawthorn place”). The given name is a shortening of María de Aranzazu, to whom the sanctuary is dedicated.

bor+

a sanctuary in Oñati, Biscay, Basque Country, Spain


Almagro

Almagro (a town in Ciudad Real, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain)

Almagro (a neighbourhood of Madrid, Spain)


Écija

Borrowed from Mozarabic, from Latin Astigi + -ia. /st/ > /t͡s/ is characteristic of Mozarabic.


Tordesillas

a town and municipality of Castile and León, Spain


La Palma

→ English: La Palma

La Palma (the northwesternmost island of the Canary Islands, Spain)


El Hierro

an island of the Canary Islands, the smallest of and southwesternmost of the group


Júcar

Júcar (a river in Spain). It flows through the provinces of Cuenca, Albacete and Valencia


Alcubierre

English: Alcubierre


Montalbán

Montalbán (a town in Teruel, Aragon, Spain)


Fuengirola

a town and municipality of Andalusia, Spain


Valdés

English: Valdes

desc

→ Chinese: 巴爾德斯 /巴尔德斯 (Bā'ěrdésī) (transliteration)

Valdes (a municipality of Asturias, Spain)


Puerto Real

English: Port Royal

French: Port-Royal

Puerto Real (a city in Cadiz, Andalusia, Spain)


Lavapiés

Verb-object compound, composed of lava (“to wash”) + pies (“feet”).


Guernica

Guernica (a town in Gernika-Lumo, Biscay, Basque Country, Spain, known as the site of a bombing which was painted by Pablo Picasso)


Lorca

Lorca, a municipality and city in Murcia, Spain


Llodio

[ˈɟ͡ʝo.ð̞jo]

[ˈɟ͡ʝo.ð̞jo]

From the Latin name Claudius (compare Basque Laudio).

a town and municipality of Álava, Basque Country, Spain


Bernedo

→ Basque: Bernedo

Ultimately probably from Proto-Celtic *wernā (“alder”) with the Latin suffix -ētum (“place of”).

a village and municipality of Álava, Basque Country, Spain


Peñacerrada

Inherited from Old Spanish Pennaçerrada, equivalent to peña (“rock, outcrop”) + cerrada (“closed”).


Campezo

→ Basque: Kanpezu

Inherited from Old Spanish Campeço, ultimately from Latin campus (“field”).

a municipality of Álava, Basque Country, Spain


Gorbea

Borrowed from Basque Gorbeia (modern orthography).

a mountain in the Basque Country, Spain, the highest point in Álava and Biscay


Martos

Martos (a city and municipality of Jaén, Andalusia, Spain)


Vallarta

English: Vallarta

desc

→ Chinese: 巴利亞塔 /巴利亚塔 (Bālìyàtǎ) (transliteration)

Vallarta de Bureba
Vallarta de Bureba#Spanish

(Spain) ellipsis of Vallarta de Bureba: a municipality of La Bureba, Burgos, Castile y León, Spain


Torrijos

Torrijos (a town, a municipality of Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain)


Cumbre Vieja

English: Cumbre Vieja

a volcano in La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain, of Macaronesia, in the Atlantic, of the Africa


Mahón

the capital city of Minorca, Balearic Islands, officially Maó in Catalan


Aýna

Inherited from Old Spanish [Term?], from Arabic عَيْن (ʕayn, “spring, fount”).

a village and municipality of Albacete, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain


Alsasua

Alsasua (a town and municipality of Navarre, Spain)


Marinaleda

Marinaleda (a municipality of Seville, Andalusia, Spain)


Sempere

a town in Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain


Calatayud

Borrowed from Arabic قَلْعَة أَيُّوب (qalʕa(t) ʔayyūb, literally “fortress of Ayyub”).

bor+

قَلْعَة أَيُّوب

Calatayud (a town and municipality of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain)


Etura

a village in Álava, Basque Country, Spain


Barrundia

Borrowed from Basque Barrundia, from barruti (“enclosure, area”).


San Roque

San Roque (common name of several places in Latin America, Spain and the Philippines named after Saint Roche)


Monzón

a city, a municipality of Huesca, Aragon, Spain


El Arenal

Palma de Mallorca
Palma de Mallorca#English

a beach resort near Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands; official name: s'Arenal


Sigüenza

a town in Guadalajara province, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain


Carreño

Carreño (a municipality of Gijón, Asturias, Spain)


Albares

Albares (a municipality of Guadalajara, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain)


Cuéllar

→ English: Cuellar

Cuéllar (a town and municipality of Segovia, Castile and León, Spain)


Lasarte

a hamlet in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava, Basque Country, Spain

a municipality of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain


Valencia del Mombuey

→ English: Valencia del Mombuey

Valencia del Mombuey
Valencia del Mombuey#English

Province of Badajoz
Province of Badajoz#English

Valencia del Mombuey (a village in Province of Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain)


Mombuey

→ English: Mombuey

Province of Zamora
Province of Zamora#English

Castile and León
Castile and León#English

Mombuey (a village in Province of Zamora, Castile and León, Spain)


Brunete

Community of Madrid
Community of Madrid#English

a town in the Community of Madrid, Spain


Beasáin

Beasain (a town and municipality of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain)


Azcoitia

Azkoitia (a town and municipality of the province of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain)


Guetaria

Getaria (a small town and municipality of the province of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain)


Amorebieta-Echano

Amorebieta-Etxano (a town and municipality of Biscay, Basque Country, Spain)


Amorebieta

Amorebieta-Etxano (a town and municiplity in Biscay, Basque Country, Spain)


Sangüesa

Probably Latin sānctōrum ossa. Compare Basque Zangoza.

Sangüesa (a town and municipality of Navarre, Spain)


Guisona

Guissona (a town and municipality of Lleida, Catalonia, Spain)


Bañolas

Banyoles (a town and municipality of Girona, Catalonia, Spain)


Villafranca del Panadés

Vilafranca del Penedès
Vilafranca del Penedès#English

Vilafranca del Penedès (a town and municipality of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain)


Andoáin

Andoain (a town and municipality of the province of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain)


Elgóibar

Borrowed from Basque Elgoibar, from elge (“field”) + ibar (“valley”).

Elgoibar (an industrial town and municipality of the province of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain)


Rentería

From rentería (“customs”), compare the Basque borrowing Errenteria.

Errenteria (a town and municipality of the province of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain)


Lecumberri

Lekunberri (a village and municipality of Navarre, Spain)


Labayen

Labaien (a village and municipality of Navarre, Spain)


Ondárroa

Ondarroa (a town and municipality of Biscay, Basque Country, Spain)


Galdácano

From an unattested given name with the Latin suffix -ānum. Compare with Basque Galdakao, which has lost the nasal.

Galdakao (a town and municipality of Biscay, Basque Country, Spain)


Idiazábal

Idiazabal (a village and municipality of Biscay, Basque Country, Spain)


Orendáin

[o.ɾẽn̪ˈd̪ãĩn]

(uncountable) Orendain (a village and municipality of the province of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain)


Berástegui

Berastegi (a small town and municipality of the province of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain)


Ansoáin

a village and municipality of Navarre, Spain


Cárcar

Cárcar (a town and municipality of Navarre, Spain)


Ferrol

Attested from the 11th century, of uncertain origin, perhaps from the Latin Ferreolus, a name, or from ferrō (“iron”).

Ferrol (a city in A Coruña, Galicia, Spain)


Estepona

Estepona (a town, a municipality of Málaga, Andalusia, Spain)


Talavera de la Reina

Castilla-La Mancha
Castilla-La Mancha#English

a town, a municipality of Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain


Torremolinos

Torremolinos (a resort city and municipality on the Costa del Sol in Málaga Province, Andalusia, Spain)


Azuara

Azuara (a municipality of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain)


Bardenas Reales

las Bardenas Reales (canonical feminine plural)

A semi-desert natural region, or badlands, in southeast Navarre, Spain.


El Ferrol del Caudillo

From being the birthplace of Francisco Franco, who assumed the title Caudillo.

Y ahora, además de la amenaza de expropiación de la polémica tumba, el Ayuntamiento de la ciudad también ha aprobado una moción socialista para pedirles a Google y Facebook que dejen de usar El Ferrol del Caudillo como topónimo.

2018 September 30, Paco Rego, “Queriendo desenterrar hasta al abuelo de Franco”, in El Mundo:

And now, in addition to the threat of expropriation of the controversial tomb, the city council has also approved a socialist motion to ask Google and Facebook to stop using El Ferrol del Caudillo as a placename.

(historical) Official name of the municipality Ferrol in Galicia, Spain, from 1938–1982.


Utebo

Borrowed from Aragonese Utevo, from Latin Octavus.


Almadén

Almadén (a town and municipality of Ciudad Real, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain)


Miajadas

Inherited from Old Spanish Meaxadas, of uncertain further origin.

Miajadas (a municipality of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain)


Almendralejo

Almendralejo (a city and municipality in Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain)


Cabezamesada

Cabezamesada (a municipality of Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain)


Pedreña

Marina de Cudeyo
Marina de Cudeyo#English

Pedreña (a town in Marina de Cudeyo, Cantabria, Spain)


Pámanes

Pámanes (a town in Liérganes, Cantabria, Spain)


Liérganes

Liérganes (a comarca of Cantabria, Spain)


Jijona

Valencian Community
Valencian Community#English

a town in the Valencian Community, Spain, famous for its turron.


Pozoblanco

Pozoblanco (a town and municipality of Córdoba, Andalusia, Spain)


Magallón

Magallón (a municipality of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain)


Cerdaña

[θeɾˈð̞a.ɲa]

Cerdanya (a historic region of Catalonia)


Miravalles

Miravalles (a hamlet in San Xulianu, Asturias, Spain)


Peñafiel

Peñafiel (a town and municipality of Valladolid, Castile and León, Spain)


Tinto

a river in Huelva, Andalusia, Spain, which flows into the Huelva estuary.


Nueva York de La Mancha

[…] vivo en la capital de España, pero duermo en el Nueva York de La Mancha.

2007 May 20, Joaquín Reyes, “Un Quijote Park en La Mancha”, in El País:

[…] I live in the capital of Spain, but I sleep in the New York of La Mancha.

(humorous, informal) Albacete (a city in Castilla-La Mancha, Spain)


Bocho

el Bocho (canonical masculine)
Botxo (alternative)

(colloquial) Bilbao (a city in the Basque Country, Spain)


Roces

From Asturian Roces, from roces, plural of roza ("hedges" or "bushes")

a neighbourhood of Gijón, Asturias, in northwestern Spain


Viesques

From Asturian Viesques, from viesques, plural of viesca ("undergrowth forest")


Bentaberri

Borrowed from Basque Bentaberri or Bentaberria.

Bentaberry (alternative)
Bentaverry (alternative)
Bentaverri (alternative)

Bentaberri (several small settlements in Navarre)


Cuartango

Kuartango (a town in Álava, Basque Country)


Cañada Real

An informal settlement southeast of Madrid.


Guadix

[ɡwaˈð̞iɣ̞s]

From Arabic وادي آش (wādī ash, literally “Valley of Ash”), from Latin Acci, from Ancient Greek Ἄκκι (Ákki).

der

a city and municipality of Granada, Andalusia, Spain


Cihuri

→ Basque: Zihuri

Inherited from Old Spanish Zufiuri, from Basque zubi (“bridge”) + uri (“city”).


San Claudio

Calque or hispanization of Old Leonese San Cloyo.

a neighbourhood of Oviedo, Asturias, in northwestern Spain


Garachico

Possibly from Guanche igara (“island”) or igar + Spanish chico (“small”).

a municipality and town in the island of Tenerife, Canary Islands


Chiclana de la Frontera

→ English: Chiclana de la Frontera

From Chiclana (name of a nearby town) + de la (“of the”) + frontera (“border; frontier”).

affix

Chiclana de la Frontera
Chiclana de la Frontera#English

Chiclana de la Frontera (a town in Cádiz, Andalusia, Spain)


Fleix

Alfeche (alternative Early Modern Spanish)
Fleig (alternative Early Modern Spanish)

La Vall de Laguar
La Vall de Laguar#English

a village in La Vall de Laguar, Marina Alta, Alicante, Valencian Community, Spain