тас

From Proto-Common Turkic *taz, Proto-Turkic *tāŕ. Cognate to Crimean Tatar taz, Kazakh таз (taz), Azerbaijani daz, Salar daz (“bald”), etc.


бар

From Proto-Turkic *bār. Kazakh бар (bar), Kyrgyz бар (bar), Crimean Tatar bar, Kumyk бар (bar), Bashkir бар (bar), Tatar бар (bar), Azerbaijani var, Turkish var, Uzbek bor, Uyghur بار (bar), etc.

there is / there are, there exist; I/you have, he/she has, etc.


ала

From Proto-Turkic *āla. Cognate to Kyrgyz ала (ala), etc.


ак

From Proto-Turkic *āk (“white”). Cognate with Kazakh ақ (aq), Kyrgyz ак (ak), Crimean Tatar aq, Kumyk акъ (aq), Azerbaijani ax, Turkish ak, Turkmen ak, Uzbek oq, Khakas ах (ax), Shor ақ, Western Yugur aq, etc.


тар

From Proto-Turkic *d(i)ār (“narrow”). Cognate with Kazakh тар (tar), Kyrgyz тар (tar), Crimean Tatar tar, Kumyk тар (tar), Azerbaijani dar, Turkish dar, Shor тар, Western Yugur tar, etc.


су

From Proto-Turkic *sag. Compare to Kyrgyz соо (soo).


сом

As a unit of currency, the Turkic root *som literally means pure, implying pure gold.


ток

From Proto-Turkic *tōk. Cognate to Kyrgyz ток (tok), etc.


сай

From Proto-Turkic *say (“shallow; rocky bedding”).
Cognate with Tatar сай (say, “shallow”),
Crimean Tatar say (“shallow place”),
Kumyk сай (say, “shallow”),
Khakas сай (say, “shallow place, shoal”).


ор

From Proto-Turkic *ōr. Cognate to Kazakh ор (or), etc.


ар

From Persian هر (har). Cognate with Kazakh әр (är), Kyrgyz ар (ar), Kumyk гьар (har), Tatar här, Azerbaijani hər, Turkish her, Uzbek har, etc.


бос

From Proto-Turkic *boŕ (“gray”).
Cognate with Kazakh боз (boz), Kyrgyz боз (boz), Crimean Tatar boz, Kumyk боз (boz), Azerbaijani boz, Turkish boz, Northern Altai пус (pus), etc.


ас

From Proto-Turkic *āŕ (“few, little”). Cognate with Kazakh аз (az), Kyrgyz аз (az), Crimean Tatar az, Kumyk аз (az), Turkish az, Azerbaijani az, Turkmen az, Uzbek oz, Khakas ас (as), Shor ас, Tuvan ас (as), Western Yugur az, etc.


кызыл

head

кызыл • (kïzïl)

alt-adj

кызыл • (kïzïl)

From Proto-Turkic *kïŕïl (“red”). Cognate with Kazakh қызыл (qyzyl), Kumyk къызыл (qızıl), Kyrgyz кызыл (kızıl), Shor қызыл ,Western Yugur qïzïl, etc.


сары

head

сары • (sarï)

From Proto-Turkic *siarïg (“yellow, white”). Compare Kazakh сары (sary), Kyrgyz сары (sarı), Crimean Tatar sarı, Kumyk сари (sari), Tatar сары (sarı), Azerbaijani sarı, Turkish sarı, Turkmen sary, Uzbek sariq, Uyghur سېرىق (sëriq), Shor сарығ, Tuvan сарыг (sarıg), Western Yugur sarïɣ, etc.


узун

From Proto-Turkic *uŕï-n (“long”). Cognate with Kazakh ұзын (ūzyn), Kyrgyz узун (uzun), Crimean Tatar uzun, Kumyk узун (uzun), Azerbaijani uzun, Turkish uzun, Turkmen uzyn, Uzbek uzun, Uyghur ئۇزۇن (uzun), Shor узун, Tuvan узун (uzun), Western Yugur uzen ,uzin, etc.


јарым

јарым • (ǰarïm)

alt-adj

јарым • (ǰarïm)


кеч

From Proto-Turkic *kēče (“night, evening”).


туус

From Proto-Turkic *tïgïŕ (“narrow, compact, firm”).


бек

From Proto-Turkic *bek (“firm, solid, stable”). Cognate with Old Uyghur [script needed] (bek, “firm, solid; very”); Uyghur بەك (bek, “very”), Bashkir бик (bik, “very”), Turkish pek (“much, very”), etc.


башка

head

башка • (baška)

Compare to Kyrgyz башка (başka), Kazakh басқа (basqa), Uzbek boshqa, Turkish başka, etc.


тату

From Proto-Turkic *dāt (“good taste”). Cognate with Kazakh тәтті (tättı), Nogai таьтли (tätli), Kyrgyz таттуу (tattuu), Crimean Tatar tatlı, Kumyk татли (tatli), Tatar татлы (tatlı), Azerbaijani dadlı, Turkish tatlı, Turkmen datly, Uzbek totli, Western Yugur tatïɣ, / tattïɣ, etc.


тыҥ

From Proto-Turkic *dɨŋ. Compare to Kyrgyz тың (tıŋ).


бай

From Proto-Turkic *bāy (“rich, noble; many, numerous”). Cognate with Turkish bay.


сур

From Proto-Turkic *sūr. Compare to Kazakh сұр (sūr, “light brown”), Kyrgyz сур (sur), Karaim sur (“reddish brown”), Kumyk сюр (sür, “light brown”), Bashkir һоро (horo), Tatar соры (sorı), Uzbek sur, Turkmen sūr, etc.


чий

From Proto-Common Turkic *čïy, *čïy-ïk (“wet, soaking, moist; dew; moisture; raw”). Cognate with Kumyk чий (çiy).


ӧй

From *ögäy "step-", probably derived from Proto-Turkic *ög (“mother”).
Cognate with
Old Uyghur ögäj (“step-”);
Tatar үги (ügi, “step-”),
Kazakh өгей (ögei, “step-”),
Kyrgyz өгөй (ögöy, “step-”),
Kumyk оьгей (ögey, “step-”),
Crimean Tatar ögey (“step-”),
Uzbek oʻgay (“step-”),
Uyghur ئوگەي (ogey, “step-”),
Turkish üvey (“step-”),
Khakas ӧӧй (“step-”).


сап-сары

From сары (sarï, “yellow”) + -п- (-p-, “very”).

infix

A more intense version of сары (sarï, “yellow”)


деген

Reported past tense of the defective verb деер (deer, “to say”).
Cognate with
Kazakh деген (degen),
Kyrgyz деген (degen),
Kumyk деген (degen),
Uzbek degan,
etc.


кары

head

кары • (karï)

alt-adj

кары • (karï)

From *qarï-. Compare to Kyrgyz кары (karı, “old”), etc.


ару

From Proto-Turkic *arïg. Cognate with Kyrgyz аруу (aruu), Crimean Tatar aruv, Khakas арығ (arığ), Shor арығ, Tuvan арыг (arıg), Western Yugur arïɣ, etc.


кату

From *qatïğ (“hard”), Proto-Turkic *kat-. Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (qatïğ), Old Uyghur [script needed] (qatïğ, “hard”);
Kazakh қатты (qatty),
Kyrgyz катуу (katuu),
Karachay-Balkar къаты (qatı),
Uzbek qattiq,
Uyghur قاتتىق (qattiq),
Khakas хатығ (xatığ),
Tuvan кадыг (kadıg),
Chuvash хытӑ (hyt̬ă, “hard”).


куру

From Proto-Turkic *kūrïk (“dry”).
Cognate with Tatar коры (qorı), Karachay-Balkar къуру (quru), Uzbek quruq, Uyghur قۇرۇق (quruq), Khakas хуруғ (xuruğ), Turkish kuru (“dry”), Chuvash хӑрӑк (hărăk, “dry (of wood)”).


сак

From Proto-Turkic *sak. Cognate to Kyrgyz сак (sak), Kazakh сақ (saq), Tatar сак (saq), etc.


уур

From *awïr "heavy, difficult", from Proto-Turkic *iagïr (“heavy”).
Cognate with
Old Uyghur ağïr (“heavy, difficult”);
Tatar авыр (awır), Kazakh ауыр (auyr); Kyrgyz оор (oor), Crimean Tatar ağır / avur, Kumyk авур (awur), Uzbek ogʻir, Azerbaijani ağır, Turkish ağır, Khakas аар (aar), Shor аар, Yakut ыар (ıar, “heavy; difficult”), etc.


оору

From Proto-Turkic *agrï-g (“pain, illness”), an action noun of *agrï- (“to ache; be ill”).


керек

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kẹrgek (“needed, necessary”), from *kẹrge- (“to need”).


јаҥыс

head

јаҥыс • (ǰaŋïs)

alt-adj

јаҥыс • (ǰaŋïs)

From Proto-Turkic *yalïŋ (“lone, solitary; naked”).


чын

From *čïn (“true, real”), presumably borrowed from
Sinitic 眞 (MC tsyin, “true, real”).
Cognate with
Old Uyghur [script needed] (čïn, “true, real”);
Tatar чын (çın),
Kazakh шын (şyn),
Uzbek chin,
Khakas сын (sın),
Tuvan шын (şın, “true, real”), etc.


оҥ

From Proto-Turkic *oŋ (“right”). Compare Kyrgyz оң (oŋ), Yakut уҥа (uña).


мындый

head

мындый • (mïndïy)

alt-adj

мындый • (mïndïy)

бу (bu, “this”) + -тый (-tïy, “adjectival suffix”)


баштапкы

head

баштапкы • (baštapkï)

From баштап (baštap, associative converb) + -кы (-kï, deadverbial adjectival suffix). Compare also Kyrgyz баштапкы (baştapkı, “initial”), Tuvan баштайгы (baştaygı, suffixed from imperfective converb).


кыска

head

кыска • (kïska)

alt-adj

кыска • (kïska)

From Proto-Turkic *kɨsga (“short”), from *kɨs- (“to press, squeeze”).
Cognate with Kazakh қысқа (qysqa), Kyrgyz кыска (kıska), Bashkir ҡыҫҡа (qıśqa), Uzbek qisqa, Crimean Tatar qısqa, Kumyk къысгъа (qısğa), Azerbaijani qısa, Turkmen gysga, Turkish kısa, Khakas хысха (xısxa), Shor қысқа, Western Yugur qïsqa, etc.


соок

From Proto-Turkic *sogï-k (“cold”).
Cognate with Kazakh суық (suyq), Kyrgyz суук (suuk), Crimean Tatar suvuq, Karachay-Balkar суукъ (suuq), Kumyk сувукъ (suwuq), Bashkir һыуыҡ (hıwıq), Tatar суык (suwıq), Azerbaijani soyuq, Turkish soğuk, Turkmen sowuk, Uzbek sovuq, Uyghur سوغۇق (soghuq), Tuvan соок (sook), etc.


белен

Ultimately from Proto-Mongolic *bele- (“ready”). Cognate with Mongolian бэлэн (belen, “ready”).


такыр

head

такыр • (takïr)

alt-adj

такыр • (takïr)

From Proto-Turkic *takïr. Cognate to Kyrgyz такыр (takır), etc.


эркек

From Proto-Turkic *ẹrkek. Cognate with Kazakh еркек (erkek), Kyrgyz эркек (erkek), Crimean Tatar erkek, Kumyk эркек (erkek), Azerbaijani erkək, Turkish erkek, etc.


чирик

head

чирик • (čirik)

From *čirik "rotten", from the verbal stem čiri- "to rot, decay", from Proto-Turkic *čẹr (“rot; disease”).
Cognate with
Bashkir серек (serek),
Tatar черек (çerek),
Kazakh шірік (şırık),
Kyrgyz чирик (cirik),
Karachay-Balkar чирик (çirik),
Kumyk чирик (çirik),
Uzbek chirik,
Uyghur چىرىك (chirik),
Azerbaijani çürük,
Turkish çürük (“rotten”),
etc.


тыныш

тыныш • (tïnïš)

alt-adj

тыныш • (tïnïš)


ыйык

head

ыйык • (ïyïk)

From Proto-Turkic *ïduk. Cognate with Kyrgyz ыйык (ıyık, “holy, sacred”).


туулу

From Proto-Turkic *tāg, equivalent to туу (tuu, “mountain”) + -лу (-lu, ornative suffix). Cognate with Kyrgyz тоолуу (tooluu), Kazakh таулы (tauly), Karachay-Balkar таулу (taulu), Kumyk тавлу (tawlu), Bashkir таулы (tawlı), Tatar таулы (tawlı), Azerbaijani dağlı, Turkish dağlı, Shor тағлығ, Khakas тағлығ (tağlığ), Tuvan даглыг (daglıg), etc.


сӱттӱ

head

сӱттӱ • (süttü)

alt-adj

сӱттӱ • (süttü)

equivalent to сӱт (süt, “milk”) + -тӱ (-tü, ornative suffix).


јӱгӱрӱк

head

јӱгӱрӱк • (ǰügürük)

alt-adj

јӱгӱрӱк • (ǰügürük)

From equivalent to јӱгӱрер (ǰügürer, “to run”) + -ӱк (-ük, ornative suffix).


кӱлер

head

кӱлер • (küler)

Compare with Tuvan хүлер (xüler) and Tofa һүлер (hüler).


кеҥ

From Proto-Turkic *kēŋ (“wide, broad”). Cognate with Kazakh кең (keñ), Kyrgyz кең (keŋ), Crimean Tatar keñ, Kumyk генг (geñ), Uzbek keng, Uyghur keng, Shor кең, Western Yugur ken, etc.


јоон

јоон • (ǰoon)

From Proto-Turkic *yogan (“thick”).
Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (joγan, “thick”); Kazakh жуан (juan), Kyrgyz жоон (joon), Bashkir йыуан (yıwan),Uzbek yoʻgʻon, Azerbaijani yoğun, Turkish yoğun, Khakas чоон (çoon), Shor чоон, Western Yugur yoɣun/ yoɣïn, Tofa нёон, Yakut суон (suon, “thick”), etc.


јеҥил

head

јеҥил • (ǰeŋil)

alt-adj

јеҥил • (ǰeŋil)

From Proto-Turkic *yeñgül (“light; easy”).
Cognate with
Old Uyghur [script needed] (jeŋil, “easy”);
Bashkir еңел (yeñel), Tatar җиңел (ciñel), Kazakh жеңіл (jeñıl), Kyrgyz жеңил (jeŋil), Crimean Tatar yengil,
Kumyk енгил (yeñil, “light; easy”), Azerbaijani yüngül (“light”), Turkish yeğni, Uzbek yengil, Khakas ниик (niik), Shor ниик, Western Yugur žig, Chuvash ҫӑмӑл (śămăl, “light; easy”).


јаҥы

head

јаҥы • (ǰaŋï)

From Proto-Turkic *yaŋï. Cognate with Kazakh жаңа (jaña), Kyrgyz жаңы (jaŋı), Crimean Tatar yañı, Kumyk янгы (yañı), Azerbaijani yeni, Turkish yeni, Uzbek yangi, Khakas наа (naa), Northern Altai дьаа (dʹaa), Tuvan чаа (çaa), Western Yugur yaŋa, etc.


бийик

From Proto-Turkic *bedük (“big; tall”).
Cognate with
Old Turkic [script needed] (bedük, “big”),
Old Uyghur 𐽼𐽰𐽸𐽳𐽷 (bedük, “big”);
Bashkir бейек (beyek), Tatar биек (biyek, “high, tall”), Kazakh биік (biık, “high, tall”), Karachay-Balkar мийик (miyik, “high, tall”), Kyrgyz бийик (biyik), Crimean Tatar büyük, Kumyk бийик (biyik), Khakas пӧзік, Shor мӧзӱк, Tuvan бедик (bedik),
Western Yugur pezik, Uzbek buyuk, Azerbaijani böyük, Turkish büyük, etc.


јажыл

head

јажыл • (ǰažïl)

From Proto-Turkic *yāĺïl. Cognate with Kazakh жасыл (jasyl), Nogai ясыл (yasıl), Kyrgyz жашыл (jaşıl), Crimean Tatar yeşil, Kumyk яшыл (yaşıl), Azerbaijani yaşıl, Gagauz eşil, Turkish yeşil, Turkmen ýaşyl, Uzbek yashil, Shor чажыл, Western Yugur yasəl, etc.


јаш

From Proto-Turkic *yāĺ. Cognate with Kazakh жас (jas), Nogai яс (yas), Kyrgyz жаш (jaş), Crimean Tatar yaş, Karaim jaš, Kumyk яш (yaş), Azerbaijani yaş, Turkish yaş, Khakas час (ças), Shor чаш, Western Yugur yas, etc.


кичӱ

кичӱ • (kičü)

From Proto-Turkic *kičük/-g (“small, little”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰚𐰃𐰲𐰏 (kičig), Karakhanid [script needed] (kičüg), Bashkir кесе (kese), Tatar кече (keçe), Azerbaijani kiçik, Turkish küçük. Turkmen kiçi, Kazakh кіші (kışı), Kyrgyz кичүү (kicüü), Crimean Tatar kiçik, Kumyk гиччи (giççi), Uzbek kichik, Khakas кічіг (kìçìg), Shor кичиг (“small”), Western Yugur kičig, etc.


ӧлӱ

From Proto-Common Turkic *ölüg. Compare to Kazakh өлі (ölı), Turkish ölü.


согыр

head

согыр • (sogïr)

Cognate to Bashkir һуҡыр (huqır), Kazakh соқыр (soqyr), Nogai сокыр (sokır), Kyrgyz сокур (sokur), Karachay-Balkar сокъур (soqur), Kumyk сокъур (soqur), Tatar сукыр (suqır), Turkish sokur, Uyghur سوقۇر (soqur), Tuvan согур (sogur), etc.


јаман

јаман • (ǰaman)

From Proto-Turkic *yaman (“bad”). Cognate with Old Uyghur [script needed] (jaman), Kazakh жаман (jaman), Karakalpak jaman, Bashkir яман (yaman), Tatar яман (yaman), Kyrgyz жаман (jaman), Crimean Tatar yaman, Kumyk яман (yaman), Karachay-Balkar аман (aman), Azerbaijani yaman, Turkish yaman, Turkmen ýaman, Uzbek yomon, Uyghur يامان (yaman), etc.


јакшы

јакшы • (ǰakšï)

From Proto-Common Turkic *yakšï. Cognate with Kazakh жақсы (jaqsy), Kyrgyz жакшы (jakşı), Crimean Tatar yahşı, Kumyk яхшы (yaxşı), Bashkir яҡшы (yaqşı), Tatar яхшы (yaxşı), Azerbaijani yaxşı, Turkish yahşi, Turkmen ýagşy, Uzbek yaxshi, Uyghur ياخشى (yaxshi), Northern Altai чакшы (čakšï), Khakas чахсы (çaxsı), Shor чақшы, etc.


койу

From Proto-Turkic *koyug. Cognate with Kazakh қою (qoü) , Nogai койы (koyı), Kyrgyz коюу (koyuu), Karaim koju, Bashkir ҡуйы (quyı), Tatar куе (quye), Turkish koyu, Uzbek quyuq, Uyghur قويۇق (qoyuq), Khakas хойығ (xoyığ), Shor қойуғ, Tuvan хоюг (xoyug), Yakut хойуу (qoyuu), etc.


тайгак

From Proto-Turkic *tāy-. Cognate with Kazakh тайғақ (taiğaq),
Kyrgyz тайгак (taygak),
Crimean Tatar tayğaq,
Kumyk тайгъакъ (tayğaq), Bashkir тайғаҡ (tayğaq),
Tatar тайгак (taygak), Uzbek toygʻoq,
Uyghur تايغاق (tayghaq, “slippery”),
Tuvan тайгак (taygak, “slippery place”), etc.


ӧскӧ

ӧскӧ • (öskö)

From Proto-Turkic *öŕ-ge (“other”). Cognate with Kazakh өзге (özge), Karakalpak ózge, Nogai оьзге (özge), Kyrgyz өзгө (özgö), Crimean Tatar özge, Karaim ӧзгэ, Karachay-Balkar ёзге (yozge), Kumyk оьзге (özge), Bashkir үҙгә (üźgə), Tatar үзгә (üzgä), Turkish özge, Uyghur özge, Shor ӧске, Tuvan өске (öske), Western Yugur üzge, etc.


тоҥ

From Proto-Turkic *toŋ (“frozen; frost”).
Cognate with
Bashkir туң (tuñ), Tatar туң (tuñ),
Kazakh тоң (toñ),
Kyrgyz тоң (toŋ, “frost, frozen”),
Turkish don (“frost”),
Tuvan доң (doñ, “frozen”),
Yakut тоҥ (toñ, “frozen”),
Chuvash тӑм (tăm, “frost”), etc.


јылу

јылу • (ǰïlu)

From Proto-Turkic *yïlïg.
Cognate with
Kazakh жылы (jyly), Kyrgyz жылуу (jıluu), Crimean Tatar ılıq, Karachay-Balkar джылы (cılı), Kumyk йылы (yılı), Bashkir йылы (yılı), Azerbaijani ilıq, Turkish ılık, Turkmen ýyly, Uzbek iliq, Shor чылығ, Tuvan чылыг (çılıg), Western Yugur yilïɣ, etc.


эҥ

From Proto-Turkic *eŋ. Relate to Kazakh ең (eñ), Kyrgyz эң (eŋ), Karachay-Balkar эм (em), Kumyk инг (iñ), Urum эм, Azerbaijani ən, Turkish en, Uzbek eng, Shor эң.


соҥ

From Proto-Turkic *soŋ. Cognate with Kazakh соң (soñ), Kyrgyz соң (soŋ), Crimean Tatar soñ, Karaim soň, Kumyk сонг (soñ), Bashkir һуң (huñ), Tatar соң (soñ), Azerbaijani son, Turkish son, Uzbek so'ng, Uyghur song, Western Yugur soŋ (“end”), etc.


тереҥ

тереҥ • (tereŋ)

From Proto-Turkic *teriŋ. Cognate with Kazakh терең (tereñ), Kyrgyz терең (tereŋ), Crimean Tatar teren, Karachay-Balkar терен (teren), Kumyk терен (teren), Bashkir тәрән (tərən), Tatar тирән (tirän), Azerbaijani dərin, Turkish derin, Shor терең, etc.


суйук

Possibly related to Proto-Turkic Proto-Turkic *sub (“water”).
Compare to Karakhanid [script needed] (suvuq, “watery”);
Old Uyghur [script needed] (suvuk);
Bashkir шыйыҡ (şıyıq),
Tatar сыек (sıyek, “watery, diluted”),
Kazakh сұйық (sūiyq, “watery, diluted”),
Kyrgyz суюк (suyuk, “watery, diluted”),
Uzbek suyuq (“watery, diluted”),
Uyghur سۇيۇق (suyuq, “watery, diluted”),
Khakas суух (suux, “watery, diluted”),
Tuvan суук (suuk, “watery, diluted”), etc.


ач

From Proto-Turkic *āč, compare Turkish aç.


тегерик

From Proto-Turkic *dög ~ *deg ~ *dog (“round, circle”) or Proto-Turkic *teker.
Compare with
Kazakh төңірек (töñırek),
Kyrgyz төгөрөк (tögörök), тегерек (tegerek), Kumyk дёгерек (dögerek), Bashkir түңәрәк (tüñərək),
Tatar түгәрәк (tügäräk), Turkish tekerlek,
Uzbek toʻgarak (“circle”),
Uyghur تۈگۈرەك (tügürek, “circle”),
Yakut төгүрүк (tögürük, “round”).


кери

From Proto-Common Turkic *kerü (“back”).
Compare to Old Turkic 𐰚𐰃𐰼𐰇 (kerü, “back, backward”);
Kazakh кері (kerı), Kyrgyz кери (keri), Bashkir кире (kire), Turkish geri (“back, backward”).


изӱ

From Proto-Turkic *ïsïg/isig (“hot”).
Cognate with
Old Uyghur [script needed] (isig, “hot”);
Tatar эссе (esse, “hot”),
Kazakh ыстық (ystyq, “hot”),
Kyrgyz ысы (ısı, “hot”),
Bashkir эҫе (eśe, “hot”),
Uzbek issiq (“hot”),
Turkish ısı (“heat”),
Khakas ізіг (ìzìg, “hot”),
Tuvan изиг (izig, “hot”),
Yakut итии (itii, “hot”), etc.


ыраак

head

ыраак • (ïraak)

From Proto-Turkic *ïrak (“far, remote”).
Cognate with
Old Uyghur 𐽰𐽶𐽾𐽰𐽵 (ïrak),
Kazakh жырақ (jyraq),
Kumyk йыракъ (yıraq),
Kyrgyz ыраак (ıraak),
Uzbek yiroq,
Uyghur يىراق (yiraq),
Yakut ыраах (ıraaq, “far, remote”), Turkish ırak.


теҥ

From Proto-Turkic *teŋ. Cognate with
Kazakh тең (teñ, “equal”), Kumyk тенг (teñ),
Uzbek teng (“equal”),
Turkish denk (“equal, equivalent”), etc.


кӧп

From Proto-Turkic *köp (“many”). Cognate with Kazakh көп (köp), Nogai коьп (köp), Kyrgyz көп (köp), Karachay-Balkar кёб (köb), Kumyk кёп (köp), Bashkir күп (küp), Tatar күп (küp), Uzbek koʻp, Salar köp, dialectal Turkish köp, Turkmen köp (“many”), etc.


кӱреҥ

кӱреҥ • (küreŋ)


јука

јука • (ǰuka)

From Proto-Turkic *yubka (“thin (of flat objects)”). Cognate with Bashkir йоҡа (yoqa), Kyrgyz жука (juka), Kazakh жұқа (jūqa), Uzbek yupqa, Uyghur يۇپقا (yupqa, “thin”), etc.


эмес

Compare to Kyrgyz эмес (emes), Kazakh емес (emes), Uzbek emas, Shor эбес.


јалку

head

јалку • (ǰalku)

From *yalqag(u) (“lazy”), from the verbal stem yalq- (“to be annoyed, to have had enough of sth., to loathe, be disgusted”).
Cognate with Kazakh жалқау (jalqau),
Kyrgyz жалкоо (jalkoo),
Bashkir ялҡау (yalqaw),
Uzbek yalqov,
Uyghur يالقاۋ (yalqaw),
Tuvan чалгаа (çalgaa, “lazy”), etc.


мӧҥкӱ

мӧҥкӱ • (möŋkü)

Cognate with Bashkir мәңге (məñge), Kazakh мәңгі (mäñgı, “eternal”), Kyrgyz маңги (maŋgi), меңги (meŋgi, “eternal”),
Uzbek mangu (“eternal”),
Khakas мӧге, мӱгӱ (mügü), мӱкӱ (mükü, “eternal”),
Tuvan мөңге (möñge, “eternal”),
Yakut мэҥэ (meñe, “eternal”),
Turkish bengi (“eternal”), etc.


соҥы

соҥы • (soŋï)

From *soŋ-qï (“last, latest”), from Proto-Turkic *soŋ (“back; end; after”).
Cognate with
Kazakh соңғы (soñğy),
Kyrgyz соңку (soŋku),
Uzbek soʻnggi,
Turkmen soňky,
Tuvan соңгу (soñgu, “last”).


артык

артык • (artïk)

From *artuq (“excessive, surplus”), from Proto-Turkic *art- (“to increase, exceed”).


аксак

From *aqsaq "lame, limping", from Proto-Turkic *agsa- (“to limp, be lame”).
Cognate with
Tatar аксак (aqsaq),
Bashkir аҡһаҡ (aqhaq),
Kyrgyz аксак (aksak),
Uzbek oqsoq,
Uyghur ئاخساق (axsaq)/ئاسقاق (asqaq),
Turkmen agsak (“lame”), etc.


кургак

Compare to Kazakh құрғақ (qūrğaq), Turkish kurak, Kumyk къургъакъ (qurğaq).


кӧрӱнбес

head

кӧрӱнбес • (körünbes)

Compare to Kyrgyz көрүнбөс (körünbös), Turkish görünmez.


караҥу

караҥу • (karaŋu)

alt-adj

караҥу • (karaŋu)

alternative form of караҥуй (karaŋuy, “dark”)


караҥуй

head

караҥуй • (karaŋuy)

alt-adj

караҥуй • (karaŋuy)

karaŋuy (romanization)
караҥу (alternative)

Cognate with
Old Uyghur 𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽰𐽺𐽲𐽳 (karaŋu, “dark, darkness”);
Uzbek qorongʻi (“dark, darkness”),
Uyghur قاراڭغۇ (qarangghu, “dark, darkness”),
Bashkir ҡараңғы (qarañğı, “dark, darkness”),
Yakut хараҥа (qaraña, “darkness”).


оок

Cognate with
Tatar вак (waq),
Kazakh уақ (uaq),
Kyrgyz убак (ubak),
Khakas оох (oox),
Uzbek uvoq,
Uyghur ئۇۋاق (uwaq),
Crimean Tatar ufaq/vaq,
Turkish ufak (“small”),
etc.


оок-теек

Reduplicated from оок (ook).
Cognate with
Kazakh уақ-түйек (uaq-tüiek),
Kyrgyz убак-түйөк (ubak-tüyök),
Kumyk увакъ-тюек (uwaq-tüyek),
Uyghur ئۇۋاق-تۈيەك (uwaq-tüyek),
Khakas оох-теек (oox-teek),
Crimean Tatar ufaq-tüfek, vaq-tüyek,
Turkish ufak-tefek (“small things”),
Chuvash вак-тӗвек (vak-tĕvek, “young, underage”),
etc.


јат

From Proto-Turkic *yāt (“alien, foreign, unfamiliar”).


чырайлу

head

чырайлу • (čïraylu)

Equivalent to чырай (čïray, “(line of) face”) + -лу (-lu, ornative suffix).


чыкту

head

чыкту • (čïktu)

Equivalent to чык (čïk, “moisture”) + -ту (-tu, ornative suffix). Compare to Turkmen çygly.


улу

From Proto-Turkic *ulug (“big, great”). Cognate with Karachay-Balkar уллу (ullu), Kyrgyz улуу (uluu), Tatar олы (olı), Khakas улуғ (uluğ), Shor улуғ, Western Yugur uluğ, Kumyk уллу (ullu), Karaim ulu, Turkmen uly, Turkish ulu (“great”).


толо

From Proto-Turkic *tōlu (“full”), from Proto-Turkic *tōl- (“to be full; to get filled”).


тижи

head

тижи • (tiži)

alt-adj

тижи • (tiži)

From Proto-Common Turkic *tiši, Proto-Turkic *tiĺi. Compare to Kumyk тиши (tişi), Turkish dişi.


тирӱ

head

тирӱ • (tirü)

From Proto-Turkic *tīrig. Compare to Kyrgyz тири (tiri), тирүү (tirüü), Kumyk тири (tiri, “living, live”).


јымжак

јымжак • (ǰïmžak)

From Proto-Turkic *yïm-ĺča-k (“soft, mild”).


бӱдӱн

бӱдӱн • (büdün)

From Proto-Turkic *bütün (“all, while, entire”), derived from Proto-Turkic *büt- (“to end, finish”). Cognate with
Old Uyghur [script needed] (bütün, “entire, integral; undamaged”);
Tatar бөтен (böten), Kumyk бютюн (bütün), Crimean Tatar bütün, Kazakh бүтін (bütın), Kyrgyz бүтүн (bütün), Bashkir бөтөн (bötön), Uzbek butun, Turkmen bütin, Turkish bütün, Yakut бүттүүн (büttüün, “all, entire”), Chuvash пӗтӗм (pĕt̬ĕm, “whole, entire”).


јуук

head

јуук • (ǰuuk)

From Proto-Turkic *jAk- (“near”). Cognate with Kyrgyz жакын (jakın), Kazakh жақын (jaqyn), Kumyk ювукъ (yuwuq), Turkish yakın.


оорулу

From оору (ooru) + -лу (-lu). Compare to Kyrgyz оорулуу (ooruluu), Kumyk аврувлу (awruwlu), Karaim avruvłu (“painful”), etc.


отту

From от (ot) + -ту (-tu). Compare to Kumyk отлу (otlu), etc.


орток

From *ortaq (“friend, companion; shared, common, mutual”).


ортон

From орто (orto), Compare to Tatar уртанчы (urtançı), Kumyk ортанчы (ortançı).


ылтам

ылтам • (ïltam)

Compare to Kyrgyz ылдам (ıldam, “fast”).


бириккен

Compare to Kazakh біріккен (bırıkken), Kyrgyz бириккен (birikken), etc.


бакыр

бакыр • (bakïr)

Adapted from Arabic فَقِير (faqīr, “poor, wretched”).
Cognate with Kazakh пақыр (paqyr, “poor, miserable”), Kyrgyz бакыр (bakır, “poor, miserable”), Turkmen pahyr (“poor thing”).


боос

From Proto-Turkic *bogaŕ (“pregnant”). Compare to Kyrgyz бооз (booz, “pregnant”), Yakut буос (buos), etc.


јайдак

јайдак • (ǰaydak)

From Proto-Turkic *yapïtak (“without saddle”).
Cognate with
Kazakh жайдақ (jaidaq, “without a saddle”),
Kyrgyz жайдак (jaydak, “without a saddle”), Kumyk яйдакъ (yaydaq, “without a saddle”),
Uyghur يايداق (yaydaq)/ياۋداغ (yawdagh, “without a saddle”), Khakas чабдах (çabdax, “without a saddle”),
Tuvan чавыдак (çavıdak, “without a saddle”),
Yakut сыбыдах (sıbıdaq, “without a saddle”).


тӱс

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tüŕ. Cognate with Bashkir төҙ (töź), Turkish and Azerbaijani düz etc.


ӧчтӱ

head

ӧчтӱ • (öčtü)

From ӧч (öč) + -тӱ (-tü). Compare to Kyrgyz өчтүү (öctüü).


ӱзӱк

ӱзӱк • (üzük)

Compare to Kyrgyz үзүк (üzük, “ragged”).


ӱндӱ

ӱндӱ • (ündü)

From ӱн (ün) + -дӱ (-dü). Compare to Kyrgyz үндүү (ündüü, “vowel”).


сылу

сылу • (sïlu)

From *sïlïğ/silig (“beauty, beautiful”).
Cognate with
Old Uyghur [script needed] (silik, “clean; noble”);
Tatar сылу (sılu),
Kazakh сұлу (sūlu),
Kyrgyz сулуу (suluu),
Uzbek suluv (“beautiful, handsome”);
Khakas сіліг (sìlìg, “beautiful”).


ойык

head

ойык • (oyïk)

Compare to Kyrgyz оюк (oyuk, “knocked; hollow”).


ачык

ачык • (ačïk)

From Common Turkic *ačïq "open; clear; bright" (compare Old Uyghur [script needed] (ačuq, “open”); clear, from Proto-Turkic *ač- (“to open”).
Cognate with
Kazakh ашық (aşyq), Kyrgyz ачык (acık), Kumyk ачыкъ (açıq),
Uyghur ئوچۇق (ochuq, “open”), Turkish açık (“open”).


јабык

head

јабык • (ǰabïk)

From *yapïq (“closed”), from Proto-Turkic *yap- (“to close”).
Cognate with
Kazakh жабық (jabyq, “closed”),
Kumyk ябыкъ (yabıq, “closed”),
Uzbek yopiq (“closed”),
Uyghur يېپىق (yëpiq, “closed”),
Khakas чабых (çabıx, “closed”),
etc.


эзен

From Proto-Common Turkic *esen. Compare to Kumyk эсен (esen).


кенје

кенје • (kenǰe)


кыймат

кыймат • (kïymat)

From Persian قیمت, from Arabic قِيمَة (qīma).


јылаҥбаш

јылаҥбаш • (ǰïlaŋbaš)

alt-adj

јылаҥбаш • (ǰïlaŋbaš)

Compare with
Kazakh жалаң бас (jalañ bas, “bareheaded”),
Kumyk яланбаш (yalanbaş),
Uzbek yalangbosh (“bareheaded”),
Shor чылаңмаш (“bareheaded”).


јылаҥаш

head

јылаҥаш • (ǰïlaŋaš)

alt-adj

јылаҥаш • (ǰïlaŋaš)

From Proto-Turkic *yalaŋač (“bare, naked”), from Proto-Turkic *yalïŋ (“bare, naked”).
Cognate with Kyrgyz жылаңач (jılaŋac), Tatar ялангач (yalangaç, “naked, bare”), Crimean Tatar calanğaş (“naked, barefoot”).


кычкыл

head

кычкыл • (kïčkïl)

alt-adj

кычкыл • (kïčkïl)


курч

head

курч • (kurč)

alt-adj

курч • (kurč)

From Proto-Turkic *kurč.
Cognate with
Old Uyghur qurč (“firm, stout”);
Kyrgyz курч (kurc, “steel; sharp”),
Tatar корыч (qorıç, “steel”),
Bashkir ҡорос (qoros, “steel”),
Karachay-Balkar къурч (qurç, “steel”),
Kumyk къурч (qurç, “brisk, vigorous”), etc.


кыйын

head

кыйын • (kïyïn)

alt-adj

кыйын • (kïyïn)


бузук

Compare with
Old Uyghur [script needed] (buzuq);
Kazakh бұзық (būzyq),
Kyrgyz бузук (buzuk),
Bashkir боҙоҡ (boźoq),
Uzbek buzuq,
Tuvan бузук (buzuk),
Turkmen bozuk,
Azerbaijani pozuq,
Turkish bozuk,
Chuvash пӑсӑк (păs̬ăk), etc.


адалык

head

адалык • (adalïk)

From ада (ada) + -лык (-lïk). Compare to Kazakh аталық (atalyq, “paternal, fatherly”).


таамду

From таамы (taamï) + -ду (-du). Compare to Kyrgyz даамдуу (daamduu, “tasty”), etc.


кызык

head

кызык • (kïzïk)

alt-adj

кызык • (kïzïk)

Cognate with Kyrgyz кызык (kızık), Tatar кызык (qızıq), Bashkir ҡыҙыҡ (qıźıq), Kumyk кызык (kızık), Kazakh қызық (qyzyq), Uzbek qiziq, Uyghur قىزىق (qiziq, “funny, amusing, entertaining”)،


чичке

head

чичке • (čičke)


калыҥ

калыҥ • (kalïŋ)

alt-adj

калыҥ • (kalïŋ)


ондый

head

ондый • (ondïy)

alt-adj

ондый • (ondïy)

From Proto-Turkic *anlayu, from ол (ol, “this”) + -тый (-tïy, “adjectival suffix”).


јалаҥ

head

јалаҥ • (ǰalaŋ)

alt-adj

јалаҥ • (ǰalaŋ)


јобош

head

јобош • (ǰoboš)

alt-adj

јобош • (ǰoboš)


јидӱ

head

јидӱ • (ǰidü)

alt-adj

јидӱ • (ǰidü)


јабыс

head

јабыс • (ǰabïs)

alt-adj

јабыс • (ǰabïs)


кичинек

head

кичинек • (kičinek)

Ultimately from кичӱ (kičü) + -enek.
Compare to Kyrgyz кичинекей (kicinekey), etc.


тӱрлӱ

тӱрлӱ • (türlü)

alt-adj

тӱрлӱ • (türlü)

türlü (romanization)
тӱрлӱӱ (alternative)

From *tür-lig (“different, various”), from Proto-Turkic *tür (“sort, type”). Cognate to Kyrgyz түрдүү (türdüü), Kumyk тюрлю (türlü), etc.


тайыс

head

тайыс • (tayïs)

alt-adj

тайыс • (tayïs)


сӱӱрӱ

head

сӱӱрӱ • (süürü)

alt-adj

сӱӱрӱ • (süürü)


јалбак

head

јалбак • (ǰalbak)

alt-adj

јалбак • (ǰalbak)

From Proto-Turkic *yalpï. Cognate to Kyrgyz жалпак (jalpak, “flat”), etc.


арык

head

арык • (arïk)

alt-adj

арык • (arïk)


айры

head

айры • (ayrï)

alt-adj

айры • (ayrï)

From Proto-Turkic *adruk. Cognates with Azerbaijani ayrı, Bashkir айырым (ayırım), Crimean Tatar ayrı, Kazakh айырым (aiyrym), Kyrgyz айры (ayrı), Tatar аерым (ayerım), Turkmen aýry, Uyghur ئايرىم (ayrim), Uzbek ayrim.


јап-јаҥы

head

јап-јаҥы • (ǰap-ǰaŋï)

From јаҥы (ǰaŋï, “new”) + -п- (-p-, “very”).

quite new, a more intense version of јаҥы (ǰaŋï, “new”)


јеп-јеҥил

јеп-јеҥил • (ǰep-ǰeŋil)

From јеҥил (ǰeŋil, “light, easy”) + -п- (-p-, “very”).

infix

very light, easy, a more intense version of јеҥил (ǰeŋil, “light, easy”)


јап-јажыл

head

јап-јажыл • (ǰap-ǰažïl)

From јажыл (ǰažïl, “green”) + -п- (-p-, “very”).

infix

very green, a more intense version of јажыл (ǰažïl, “green”)


кап-кара

From кара (kara, “black”) + -п- (-p-, “very”).

A more intense version of кара (kara, “black”)


кып-кызыл

head

кып-кызыл • (kïp-kïzïl)

From кызыл (kïzïl, “red”) + -п- (-p-, “very”).

infix

A more intense version of кызыл (kïzïl, “red”)


кӧп-кӧк

head

кӧп-кӧк • (köp-kök)

From кӧк (kök, “blue”) + -п- (-p-, “very”).

A more intense version of кӧк (kök, “blue”)


ап-ак

From ак (ak, “white”) + -п- (-p-, “very”).

A more intense version of ак (ak, “white”)


аппак

From Proto-Turkic *āpāk (“so white”), related to Uzbek oppoq. From ак (ak, “white”) + -п- (-p-, “very”).


уп-узун

From узун (uzun, “long”) + -п- (-p-, “very”).

A more intense version of узун (uzun, “long”)


коҥыр

коҥыр • (koŋïr)

alt-adj

коҥыр • (koŋïr)

From Proto-Turkic *koŋur. Cognate to Kyrgyz коңур (koŋur), Kazakh қоңыр (qoñyr), Kumyk къонгур (qoñur), etc.


сарам

saram (romanization)
саран (alternative)

From Proto-Turkic *saraŋ. Cognate to Kyrgyz сараң (saraŋ), etc.


айык

head

айык • (ayïk)

alt-adj

айык • (ayïk)

From Proto-Turkic *aduk, from *ad- (“to sober up”).
Cognates
Azerbaijani ayıq
Bashkir айыҡ (ayıq), айныҡ (aynıq)
Crimean Tatar ayınıq
Gagauz айык
Karakhanid اَدِغْ or اَذِغْ (adıɣ)
Kazakh айық (aiyq), айыққан (aiyqqan)
Kumyk айыкъ (ayıq)
Kyrgyz айык (ayık)
Nogai айык (ayık)
Tatar аек (ayek), айнык (aynıq)

col

Azerbaijani <i class="Latn mention" lang="az">ayıq</i>

Crimean Tatar <i class="Latn mention" lang="crh">ayınıq</i>

Gagauz <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="gag">айык</i>

Kyrgyz <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="ky">айык</i> (ayık)

Kumyk <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="kum">айыкъ</i> (ayıq)

Nogai <i class="Cyrl mention" lang="nog">айык</i> (ayık)


эзирик

From Proto-Turkic *ẹsürük (“drunk, intoxicated”),
a participle from
Proto-Turkic *ẹsür- (“to get drunk/intoxicated”). Cognate to Bashkir иҫерек (iśerek), etc.


тууган

From Proto-Turkic *dog-. Cognate to Kyrgyz тууган (tuugan, “relative”), etc.


коркунчаак

head

коркунчаак • (korkunčaak)

alt-adj

коркунчаак • (korkunčaak)

From коркыыр (korkïïr). Cognate to Kyrgyz коркунчаак (korkuncaak), etc.


ӧлгӧн

head

ӧлгӧн • (ölgön)

alt-adj

ӧлгӧн • (ölgön)


ӧтпӧс

head

ӧтпӧс • (ötpös)

alt-adj

ӧтпӧс • (ötpös)

From Proto-Turkic *öt- (“pass through”).
Cognate with:
Kazakh өтпес (ötpes),
Bashkir үтмәҫ (ütməś),
Uzbek o'tmas,
Uyghur ئوتمەس (otmes, “blunt”),
etc.


ӧткӱр

head

ӧткӱр • (ötkür)

alt-adj

ӧткӱр • (ötkür)

From *ötkür (“sharp”), from Proto-Turkic *öt- (“pass through”).
Cognate with:
Kazakh өткір (ötkır),
Kyrgyz өткүр (ötkür),
Kumyk оьтгюр (ötgür),
Bashkir үткер (ütker),
Uzbek oʻtkir,
Uyghur ئوتكۇر (otkur, “sharp”),
etc.


чубар

head

чубар • (čubar)

alt-adj

чубар • (čubar)

From Proto-Turkic *čubar. Cognate to Kazakh шұбар (şūbar),
Kyrgyz чыбар (cıbar), чаар (caar),
Uzbek chipor, Uyghur چىپار (chipar, “variegated, dappled”).


јумур

head

јумур • (ǰumur)

alt-adj

јумур • (ǰumur)

From *yum(u)ru, From Proto-Turkic *yum. Cognate to Kyrgyz жумуру (jumuru), Kazakh жұмыр (jūmyr), Bashkir йомро (yomro), Turkish yumru, Turkmen ýumry, etc.


ошкош

head

ошкош • (oškoš)

alt-adj

ошкош • (oškoš)

From *oqšaš (“similar”), from *ogša- (“to be similar”).
Cognate with
Kyrgyz окшош (okşoş),
Kazakh ұқсас (ūqsas),
Karachay-Balkar ушаш (uşaş),
Tatar охшаш (oxşaş),
Khakas осхас (osxas),
Uzbek o'xshash,
Turkmen ogşaş (“similar to”).


алдыҥы

head

алдыҥы • (aldïŋï)

alt-adj

алдыҥы • (aldïŋï)

From *aldïnqï (“front, located in the front”) (see the cognates below), from *aldïn (“in/from the front; before, ahead of time; first”) (see the cognates below), from Proto-Turkic *āl- (“front”).
Compare to Bashkir алдынғы (aldınğı),
Uzbek oldingi (“front, foremost; distinguished, outstanding”),
Uyghur ئالدىنقى (aldinqi, “front, anterior, foremost”);
Uzbek oldin (“before, in front, ahead of time”),
Uyghur ئالدىن (aldin, “before, in front, ahead of time”).


байагы

head

байагы • (bayagï)

alt-adj

байагы • (bayagï)